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The wolves do eat all the sheep otherwise they can't survive.Burning fossil fuel is one major factor that contributes to the emission of carbon dioxide in our atmosphere.Atmospheric CO2 decreases after fossil fuel burning has stopped. Also, carbon dioxide in the ocean increases.The sheep do not eat all the grass as it regrows Sheep reproduce More prey than predator Wolves don't eat too many sheep in one go There are always higher populations at the bottom of the food chain. (biomass pyramid)The carbon in the air affects the carbon in the ocean, although they are directly parallel to each other in a 'perfect' environment. When the carbon in the air goes down the carbons in the oceans go up. When there is no sheep and trees, the carbon in both the atmostphere and ocean rises up. It takes a few years for a noticable change. The absorb and release rate of carbon dioxide with the trees maintains relatively equal and therefore the earth's atmosphere maintains a constant concentration of carbon dioxide.As more trees appeared the carbon in the ocean and atmosphere decreased and the number of sheep have decreased to one. Their race is doomed. Everything on Earth balance it out. E.g. Trees turn carbon dioxide to oxygen whilst the animals (sheeps) release methane from their gas. So therefore there isnt an overload of carbon dioxide/oxygen (?)These four things are related in terms of carbon as the carbon cycle bypasses all these things through respiration, photosynthesis and evaporation. The levels of C02 in the atmosphere and ocean are similar, and as the carbon in trees increase, carbon in the atmosphere and ocean decrease. The total amount of C02 in the world does not change as the carbon cycle is a closed system. There is a dynamic equilibrium between these four factors.Greenhouse gases release C02 into the atmosphere Trees and plants (photosynthesis) Animals(respiration) Oceans (and evaporation)&y3rB Y  p ) @ W n ' >U%'q*Ul<q= WB@task1_day1_1HSBY_27@<0" SB@task2_day1_confidenceHSBY_222PB4 SB@task2_day1_3HSBY_22@<0" SB@task2_day1_2HSBY_22@<0" SB@task2_day1_1HSBY_22@<0" @OB@task1_day1_confidenceHSBY_543PB4 @OB@task1_day1_2HSBY_54r@<0" @OB@task1_day1_1HSBY_54@<0" (\OB@task1_day1_confidenceHSBY_262PB4 (\OB@task1_day1_2HSBY_26@<0" (\OB@task1_day1_1HSBY_26L@<0" ľcsB@task1_day1_2HSBY_24@<0" ľcsB@task1_day1_1HSBY_24z@<0" kLB@task2_day1_confidenceHSBY_203PB4 oSLB@task1_day1_confidenceHSBY_503PB4 oSLB@task1_day1_2HSBY_50dynamic equilibriumQ0" oSLB@task1_day1_1HSBY_50@<0" YIB@task1_day1_confidenceHSBY_253PB4 <+IB@task2_day1_confidenceHSBY_293PB4 <+IB@task2_day1_3HSBY_29@<0" <+IB@task2_day1_2HSBY_29r@<0" <+IB@task2_day1_1HSBY_29@~<0" AFB@task1_day1_confidenceHSBY_612PB4 AFB@task1_day1_2HSBY_61@~<0" AFB@task1_day1_1HSBY_61@ |<0" GyB@task1_day1_confidenceHSBY_562PB4 GyB@task1_day1_2HSBY_56@@<0" GyB@task1_day1_1HSBY_56@<0" kLB@task2_day1_3HSBY_20F@<0" kLB@task2_day1_2HSBY_20@|<0" kLB@task2_day1_1HSBY_20@|<0" RB@task1_day1_confidenceHSBY_573PB4 RB@task1_day1_2HSBY_57~@<0" RB@task1_day1_1HSBY_57@~<0" _,9B@task1_day1_confidenceHSBY_222PB4 _,9B@task1_day1_2HSBY_228@~<0" _,9B@task1_day1_1HSBY_22@~<0" cnB@task1_day1_confidenceHSBY_603PB4 cnB@task1_day1_2HSBY_60@~<0" cnB@task1_day1_1HSBY_60@~<0" ALB@task1_day1_confidenceHSBY_553PB4 ALB@task1_day1_2HSBY_55@~<0" ALB@task1_day1_1HSBY_55@|<0" B@task1_day1_confidenceHSBY_293PB4 B@task1_day1_2HSBY_29@|<0" B@task1_day1_1HSBY_29d@|<0" YIB@task1_day1_2HSBY_25@|<0" YIB@task1_day1_1HSBY_25@|<0" hE#B@task1_day1_confidenceHSBY_202PB4 hE#B@task1_day1_2HSBY_20x@|<0" hE#B@task1_day1_1HSBY_20 @|<0" DLVALL JbThe atmospheric co2 rises dreastically and then takes a large amount of time to return back to its previous amount. The more wolves there are, the less sheep there are, and the more grass there is.The grass regrows before the sheep can eat it all. The wolves eat the sheep before the sheep can eat all the grass. The grass has the highest population. Then the sheep. Then the wolves. Because they all depend on each other to survive.as the amount of carbon in the atmosphere increases, the number of sheep decreases and the number of trees increases. the carbon in the ocean also decreasesThe Earth's atmosphere maintains a relatively constant concentration of carbon dioxide because of the carbon cycle. Plants take in carbon dioxide whil humans exhale carbon dioxide and release carbon dioxide by burning coal. THey are reliant on each other, and if one dies out, the food chain cyle is disturbed, and eventually the whole cycle falls apart. It is a dynamic equilibrium, meaning that all must remain balanced and consistent, for the populations to remain constant.THe food chain is reliant on each other. This means that if the wolf dimishes, the sheep flourish and the grass lessens. Therefore, the wolves numbers increase and they have more food to eat, and they eat more so the sheep die (also because grass lessens) and the grass grows (because there is less sheep). But then when there are less sheep, the wolves do not have enough to eat. This means that the wolves' popualtion diminishes, and the cycle repeatsGradual relationship-equilibrium takes a while for the populations to balance the first order consumer (sheep) eats grass and has energy to reproduce. Wolves can eat more sheep as there is a plentiful supply and they then reproduce. As there is less sheep there is more grass and eventually less wolves as they have less to eat. The sheep then have more food and the cyle begins again. however all the wolves die so the sheep flourish as their numbers are not controlledLLVAL < b"$jthere is a rapid decrease in the almospheric CO2 after fossil fuels have stopped being burnedThe level of carbon in the atmosphere runs parallel to the level in the oceans. As the carbon in trees increase, the carbon in atmosphere and ocean decreases. The relationship between the sheep and others are unknown as they seem to outlie. To show the carbon cycle and the affects of carbon activity towards the carbon cycle.Fossil Fuel burning releases a large amount of carbon. The wolves have a reproduction rate that's higher than the sheep. At first the wolf and sheep populations increase together, but then at some point the wolves will outnumber the sheep and eat a lot of sheep, causing the sheep population goes down. When there isn't enough a sufficient number of sheep for the wolves to feed on, their population will drop and die out, and then once that happens the sheep multiply.The sheep reproduce faster than the wolves can eat them. The sheep get sick and the wolves don't want to eat unhealthy sheep. It's not possible for the sheep to eat up the entire field of grass. The grass grows at a rate so fast that the sheep can't eat 'fast enough' in order to eat all the grass. IT's a chain reaction where the wolves eat the sheep and sheep eat the grass, so if the wolves are reducing a lot of the population then there isn't a lot of sheep left to eat the grass.This model shows that fossil fuel burning, land clearing, land use and greenhouse gases are major factors that effect the level of C02 in the atmosphere and ocean.The wolves eat the sheep, so that the population of the wolves increase, and the population of the sheep decreases. But then, the wolves don't have enough sheep to eat, so the wolf population starts decreasing. Meanwhile, the sheep start eating the grass (because while there were less sheep,the grass population increased), and their population rises as well. The wolves then have enough sheep to eat again, and the cycle keeps repeating itself. tLVAL tThe Earth's atmosphere maintains a relatively constant concentration of carbon dioxide by the trees absorbing carbon dioxide at the same rate as it is being released.There is a clear relationship shown between carbon, the oceans, trees and sheep. The increase of CO2 causes death of sheep, but the amount of c-oceans increases dramatically, and trees increase slightly. If the amount of trees decrease, the sheep die, and c-ocean and CO2 increase. This could be caused by too much CO2 from the sheep and the atmosphere. However, when the amount of trees increases dramatically, the amount of c-oceans, CO2 and sheep fall dramatically. This shows the atmosphere stays the same because it is in equilibrium; matter cannot be destroyed, it can only be changed.In the Earth's atmosphere, there is a continuous circulation of carbon dioxide, which causes constant concentration. When fossil fuel use increases, the carbon output rate increases. When land use increases, c-oceans increase, while CO2 decrease. When land cleared increases, trees increase, but CO2 decreases. Therefore, it shows that when carbon dioxide is released into the air, other factors can remove it. Also, the release rate and absorbtion rate are important in making a continuous circulation. Greenhouse gases and photosynthesis can also enable this circulation.the reason why all the species dont die out is that they are all a part of a continuous cycle. wolf sheep relationship- wolfs eat sheep therefore the sheep population declines however one this happens the wolf population also sees a decline because now its food source has decreased. sheep population then rises again and so does the wolf population therefore the cycle repeats itself. sheep grass relationship-sheep eats grass, grass growth decreases, sheep population then begins to delcine as well due to the decrease in food source. this then causes the grass growth to increase since its not being preyed upon as much. cycle repeats itself.LVALr * D 0When there are more trees there is less carbon in the atmosphere. The ocean absorbs carbon and releases a smaller amount of it.When the sheep population decreases due to the wolves eating them, the grass grows due to the lack of grazers. the wolf pop also decreases in numbers because their main food source (the sheep) has been depleted. There is a slight lag in population decrease between the wolves and the sheep due to breeding relationships and other factors. The sheep do not eat all of the grass because when there isnt enough grass the sheep population decreases, therefore allowing the grass to grow back. wolves do not eat all of the sheep due to the same effect.Through the carbon cycle. The carbon is released into the atmosphere by sheep and then it is absorbed into the oceans it is then evaporated and absorbed by trees. The trees produce oxygen, and the sheep use up the oxygen, and release carbon dioxide, starting the whole cycle again.Through the carbon cycle the carbon dioxide is passed through different stages which include sheep, trees, the atmosphere and the oceans. the key ideas in this model are that the more fossil fuels are burned, the more CO2 is released into the atmosphereThe burning of fossil fuels release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. If the fossil fuel burning stopped, a great amount of carbon dioxide is kept from being released, causing a rapid decrease in the levels of CO2 in the atmosphere. The grass grows, the sheep eat it and the wolves eat the sheep. When the sheep runs out of grass, they start to die, and so the wolf does not have enough to eat and starts to die too. However if they grass grows back, the sheep will reproduce more as they have more food. Then the number of wolves are maintained.Grass grows back so the sheep can't eat all of the grass at a single time. When the sheep reproduce, the wolves eat them, therefore sustaining themselves, and maintains the number of sheep there are.Ay3^u. Y p  , C Z  q,Gr+BYp)s,CoSB@task2_day1_2HSBY_27H@<0" oSB@task2_day1_1HSBY_27@<0" Y܉B@task2_day1_confidenceHSBY_283PB4 Y܉B@task2_day1_3HSBY_28@<0" Y܉B@task2_day1_2HSBY_28@<0" Y܉B@task2_day1_1HSBY_28@@<0" ľcsB@task1_day1_confidenceHSBY_243PB4 B@task1_day1_confidenceHSBY_513PB4 B@task1_day1_2HSBY_51@<0" B@task1_day1_1HSBY_51D@<0" ;6B@task1_day1_confidenceHSBY_302PB4 ;6B@task1_day1_2HSBY_30:@<0" ;6B@task1_day1_1HSBY_30@<0" 8#B@task2_day1_confidenceHSBY_531PB4 8#B@task2_day1_3HSBY_53@@<0" 8#B@task2_day1_2HSBY_53D@<0" 8#B@task2_day1_1HSBY_53X@<0" h/}B@task1_day1_confidenceHSBY_532PB4 h/}B@task1_day1_2HSBY_53@<0" h/}B@task1_day1_1HSBY_53d@<0" N(B@task2_day1_3HSBY_25(@<0" N(B@task2_day1_2HSBY_25@<0" N(B@task2_day1_1HSBY_25J@<0" B@task1_day1_confidenceHSBY_23N@4 B@task1_day1_2HSBY_2@:." 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The wolves are a minority in comparison to the sheep therefore there are still sheep left over. The sheep population keeps growing due to the grass regrowth therefore wolf population grows. As sheep population declines, the wolf population declines. Trees store carbon and release oxygen. Animals e.g. sheep breathe in oxygen and release carbon. Together trees and animals control the amount of carbon in the atmosphere.I would call this relationship dependent, dynamic equilibrium/cycle, or in other words a food chain. If one element in lacking the others also effected. Even a small change can be disaster.They form a dynamic equilibrium of energy input and output. They have balanced, even though it varies, meaning the cycle is complete and the number of sheep and wolves and the area of grass is exact to enable the continued prosperity of their world.The less carbon dioxide there is in the atmosphere and the oceans, the more likelihood of tree population expansion and the much fewer sheep. poor sheep :( The Earth's atmosphere maintains a relatively constant concentration of carbon dioxide by converting carbon dioxide into carbon (ie. wood and coal) through the trees. As the absorption rate increases so does the release rate, hence a relatively constant concentration of carbon in the eatmosphere is achieved.The amount of grass depends on the amount of wolves. This is because as the grass has less grazers it grows in abundance. WHen this happens then the amount of sheep that were left reproduce because of the fact that they now have an abundance food and energy resource. Gradually the sheep population increases in such a manner that the grass dies out. The wolves that were left now have a lot of sheep to eat so they begin increasing in numbers. When the sheep population begins to decrease so does the wolf population due to starvation. Therefore this cycle continues.6LVAL  fzRTo stimulate a situation of when carbon levels are raised and decreased. It is also to see the effects of carbon levels on living beings e.g. sheep.Patterns stayed fairly on track until the amount of C02 and c-oceans suddenly rose up. More fossil fuel, more sheep.the relationship is a food chain where the wolves eat the sheep and the sheep eat the grass. Grass regrows as the sheep popuation goes down the grass population incresases the effect of reproduction can also affect the population maintanence the wolf reproduction is slower than the sheep reproduction. so there will always be more sheep than wolves population of wolves will affect the sheep ability to reproduce quicker the sheep cant eat the grass because the wolves eat the m too quickly food gain affect population growth Sheep, wolves and grass are all part of a food chain where sheep eat the grass and wolves eat the sheep. As the population of the sheep growth increases due to the faster regrowth of the grass the wolf population also grows which will affect the population of the sheep causing chain effects to reoccur. The less grass, the less sheep. The less sheep the less wolves and the more the grass. Grass regrows often when the sheep population is diminished.Sheep will also be eaten by wolves too quickly to eat the grass.Food gain affects the population growth which in turn also affects the balance of living organisms in the program. The effect of reproduction can also affect the population maintanence. If the wolf reproduction is slower than sheeps reproduction than there will always be more sheep than wolves. Also the population of wolves also affect the sheep's ability to reproduce quicker. Each species must rise and fall in numbers in a pattern similar to the others. i.e. sheep populations grow; wolf populations grow as they have plenty of food, but as there are now more wolves eating the sheep, the sheep population falls, thus the wolf population falls, but the more grass grows, etc.LVAL ^HAfter the fossil fuel was brought back to zero, the carbon amount in the ocean and the atmosphere varied. Both carbon levels rose when the fossil fuels were raised but when lowered back to zero, the carbon level in the atmosphere decreased but the carbon level in the ocean increased steadily.It takes a long time for it to change between them, and they usually stay in one place for a long time. When there are less trees to absorb the carbon dioxide, there are also less sheep, as there is insufficient oxygen for the sheep. When there are more carbon dioxide in the atmosphere from the fossil fuels, the ocean also increases in carbon dioxide, as it absorbs and releases it. It therefore has an interconnected relationship- one affects the other. The earth's atmosphere is a closed system as matter cannot be destroyed. The carbon in the ocean and the atmosphere are constant as the carbon moves everywhere due to dynamic equilibrium.There is a constant cycle between the animals and plants, and carbon dioxide is constantly absorbed and released in the atmosphere. It may be also due to photosynthesis and respiration. The grass falls under the first order category, the sheep fall under a 2nd order category and the wolves are part of the tertiary category. This hierarchy ensures that the population graph follows similar trends. For example, more grass will result in more sheep which will result in more wolves. Thus the graph displays dynamic equilibrium. The sheep do not eat all of the grass because not all the grass is accessible by the sheep. Secondly, when the sheep die, there is an oportunity for the grass to flourish. The wolves do not eat all the sheep because wolves in their nature are territorial which means they hunt in their own area. There is a high possiblity that the sheep dwelling in another territory can not be access by the wolves in the area and therefore they die. LVAL J  It shows the relationship between carbon in the atmosphere, fossil fuel use, trees and sheep.with the increase in land clearing, the amount of carbon in the atmosphere increases/decreases with the amount of carbon in the ocean. as the amount increases in the atmosphere, it decreases in the ocean. the carbon amount in trees increase at an individual pace, and directly correlates with the decrease in sheep. the increase in land clearing might lead to a more concentrated amount of carbon in the trees?- plants absorb the carbon dioxide for photosynthesis, carbon is released back into the atmosphere with the decaying of living things and it repeats. (the carbon cycle) - by changing the 'form' in which carbon exists in. - The first model showed a food chain. The second model was showing how fossil fuel burning and other environmental issues can have an impact on different things in our atmoshpere. The second model is a crabon cycle. It is similiar because they both have an equilibrium. The chain effects are also similiar, showing that if ne thing changes, it affects all other parts of the cycle/chain. There is dynamic equilibrium.Depending on what you fiddle with.When increasing the number of fossil fuel burning, the atmospheric CO2 suddenly increases. However, after fossil fuel burning has stopped, the atmospheric CO2 stays stable.When there is more grass compared to sheep and more sheep compared to wolves, the food chain is able to be sustained, allowing life for all three things. However when you turn the grass off, the sheep population thrives and the wolf population dies out.The grass regrowth can sustain the sheep population, therefore providing the wolves with their food, maintaining the food chain in a pattern like manner. Because it starts off with more sheep, theoretically, the sheep do not die out because the number of wolves never exceed the number of sheeps there are.$LVAL @HThe sheep die when there is more fossil fuels present. This is because the fossil fuels affect the hole in the ozone layer. The fossil fuel burning releases gases which trap the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.After fossil fuel burning has stopped, the atmospheric CO2 decreases rapidly.it starts to decline rapidly but the c oceans remain fairly equal but then going down. the number of trees also rises but the sheep population begins to fall.This model shows the interaction between the different elements, and it shows how each of them are closely related to one another. Fossil fuel burning releases carbon dioxide. The sheep are still producing carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide that was released takes a while to be absorbed again by the trees and oceans, due to the enormous amount of carbon dioxide that had previously been produced by fossil fuel burning. Carbon dioxide is not being released into the atmosphere at such a fast rate, but it is decreasing much slower than when the fossil fuels were burning and the rate of carbon dioxide was increasing. Burning fossil fuels releases carbon into the atmosphere. When fossil fuels stop being burnt the level of carbon in the atmosphere decreases.when fossil fuels are burnt there is more carbon released into the atmosphere. After fossil fuel burning stops the amount of carbon in the atmosphere decreases.The relationship in this system is that the grass is eaten by the sheep which is eaten by the wolves, which decreases the populations except for the wolves which increases. Overtime with the loss of the wolves' food supply, the wolf population decreases while the sheep and grass growth increases. This repeats over time and should hopefully not die out.The sheep do not eat all the grass because their population is keep down by the number of wolves. The wolves cannot eat all the sheep because the sheep population is their food supply, and as the sheep population goes down the wolves slowly die out because of the loss of their food supply.y4^. Y p ) @ W  n  *Ul%Pg j#:W|jB@task2_day1_3HSBY_3@:." |jB@task2_day1_2HSBY_3@:." |jB@task2_day1_1HSBY_3@:." B@task1_day1_confidenceHSBY_32N@4 B@task1_day1_2HSBY_3 @:." 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SB@task2_day1_2HSBY_2@ :." SB@task2_day1_1HSBY_2@:." ZB@task2_day1_confidenceHSBY_582PB4 ZB@task2_day1_3HSBY_58@<0" ZB@task2_day1_2HSBY_58@<0" ZB@task2_day1_1HSBY_58@<0" 9B@task1_day1_confidenceHSBY_232PB4 9B@task1_day1_2HSBY_23@<0" 9B@task1_day1_1HSBY_230@<0" sB@task2_day1_confidenceHSBY_243PB4 sB@task2_day1_3HSBY_24N@<0" sB@task2_day1_2HSBY_24P@<0" sB@task2_day1_1HSBY_24z@<0" DZB@task2_day1_confidenceHSBY_302PB4 DZB@task2_day1_3HSBY_30@<0" DZB@task2_day1_2HSBY_30N@<0" DZB@task2_day1_1HSBY_30 @<0" |jB@task2_day1_confidenceHSBY_32N@4 LVAL 6 PRThere are many trees in the field which absorbs the carbon from the fossil fuels.It gets absorbed again by the trees and grass, and the amount of atmospheric carbon dioxide decreases and goes to normal again.Differences: -Confusion towards c-ocean thing -gradual incline vs sudden spike in levels Similarities: -Interconnectted aspects (as each value change, they affect other values) eg. sheep increase = wolf increase 1. C-ocean levels increase showing that it must absorb the CO2 emissions in the atmosphere. 2. Increase in CO2 creates a spike in the CO2 atmospheric levels but as fossil fuel burning stops, the levels gradually fall.The concentration of carbon in the atmosphere drops as the carbon in the oceans rises, and rises as the ocean drops. Numbers of sheep are closely linked to the number of trees, although a change in any one of these factors can lead to a mass effect.Most of the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is absorbed by trees. By following the process of photosynthesis (drawing in co2 and sunlight, producing glucose and oxygen as a waste), we can gain that the levels of carbon dioxide in earth's atmosphere is maintained by the ability of plants to convert c02 into oxygen. Carbon dioxide can also be maintained through the earth's natural greenhouse effect. The key ideas of this model is to see the correlation between the amount of CO2, c-oceans, trees and sheep. It also shows how carbon circulates through the atmosphere.This pattern occurs because the burning of fossil fuels can quickly release carbon dioxide. However, the absorbtion rate by trees is very low, therefore CO2 rate decreases slowly. Also, there are other factors contributing to the continuous output of CO2 even if the burning of fossil fuels stop.When the fossil fuel use increases, the amount of CO2 increases rapidly. However, when it stops, the maount of CO2 gradually decreases, as there are not enough trees to absorb them quickly.LVAL | T  >`(HTo be sustainable, try to burn as little fossil fules as possible.(note: there is no land use and land clearing) the fossil fuel use at 3 GtC/year is sustainable over the longer.After fossil fuel burning stops, the atmospheric carbon dioxide begins falling.Trees absorb the carbon dioxide, the sheep or other animals produce methane gas, fossil fuels burning in factories release carbon into the air.This model is useful for finding what effect fossil fuels, land clearing, land us and CO2 levels have on sheep, the air, oceans and trees.This pattern is due to the fact that carbon cannot escape from the atmosphere and instead moves from one place to the other within the earth. This causes levels to remain constant.After fossil fuel burning has stoppied, CO2 levels decrease significantly and thereon mantain a constant level.How each factor including the sheep, the factories and the trees affect and produce carbon dioxide which relate to their cycle into the atmosphere and the ocean. The Greenhouse Effect is also a major factor in the carbon cycle.The fossil fuels affect the number of trees. The trees increase as the sheep decrease. There is more carbon dioxide than trees to produce oxygen so the sheep are dying.The carbon dioxide in the atmosphere increased and decreased in a balanced cycle as the number of trees increased and the number of sheep decreased.The key idea about this model is to demonstrate the carbon cycle and how it can stay constant but things like greenhouse gases and fossil fuel burning can affect it.The pattern comes about because when you burn the fossil fuels because carbon is released when the fossil fuels are burnt, so the amount of carbon increases.After the fossil fuel burning has stopped, the amount of carbon in the atmosphere decreases.Fossil fuels should not be burnt,and more trees should be planted. The four spheres are all connected, the amount of carbon dioxide affects the sheep and the ocean.,LVAL R~JThe CO2 levels increase dramatically, and at some point the CO2 levels in the ocean also increase. It forms an even pattern and the two increase at a similar rate.Burning fossil fuels directly increases the C02 present in the atmosphere. The ocean absorbs the CO2 in the atmosphere and after a it while it gets released.After burning fossil fuels, CO2 stops increasing dramatically, and slows down into a slight increase. Once c-oceans increases, CO2 decreases, once C02 increases, c-oceans decreases therefore it is dynamic equilibrium.The first model tended to focus on the balance of a foodchain, whereas the second model was focusing on the balance of gases in the earth's atmosphere. The main similarity between these two models is that they both teach us that each can be greatly affected by one small change, and to have a continuous cycle that supports life we must reach an equilibrium. The idea of dynamic equilibrium as all the parts of the model are moving, if one thing changes it affects the other things too. As soon as we stop burning as much fossil fuels less carbon is released into the atmosphere, and the trees can absorb more, converting it into oxygen. Therfore, less carbon dioxide/CO2. After the fossil fuels have stopped being burnt the carbon levels in the ocean continue to increase sightly slower and the amount of CO2 released into the atmosphere is lessened. The level of C02 and carbon in the ocean is very equal. The main difference is the fact that amount of CO2 in the atmosphere does not change and any changes from one form to another. This is the carbon cycle. However unlike the previous model the number of sheep and trees lowers down despite the stop of the production of co2.As the carbon dioxide levels are falling the 'c oceans' are rising. I believe that the 'c oceans' refers to the amount of carbon dioxide disolved in water. In the graph its shown that the CO2 rates are falling, the c oceans are rising and the population of sheep and trees are declining. LVAL RJ R Rtthere is a certain amount of carbon on the earth and when nothing interferes with the amounts, the amount in the ocean and the atmosphere stays relatively equal even though the carbon is contantly moving between the areasEven though the carbon cycle involves carbon moving around from the atmosphere, the ocean, plants and animals, the amount of carbon in the earth stays the same. The levels of atmospheric CO2 increases when fossil fuel is burned and carbon deep in the ocean is released. this is because more carbon is being released into the atmosphere. Dynamic equilibrium is where a factor of the earth's environment remains constant in the long term within specific parameters, thereby achiving equilibrium as it remain constant to a point and yet it does not remain static as it fluctuates somewhat.The concept of the dynamic equilibrium applied to the Carbon Cycle as the carbon level is constant within certain parmameters depite the changing factors around it. It increases expotentially. The increasesd fossil fuel there is, the more is used thus the more is released into the atmosphere. Therefore, the atmosphere CO2 increases.The difference is that the first one is about the population of the sheep and wolves (predator-prey system). The second one is about the cycle of where carbon is emmited and absored. Both systems are closed system.The spike in the graph showed that the emmision of carbon made more carbon dioxide in the atmoshpere and in the ocean which have a chain effect in the cycle which helps us to understand the process of a closed system and where carbon goes in the cycle.It spikes rapidly when the bar is put up to 20 GtC/Year. When the bar is put back to 0 GtC/Year the CO2 emmissions slowly decrease. Similarities- both show the same relationship between the variables. They are both dynamic equilibriums. Differences - more variables in the 2nd one and only 2 variables out of the 4 are related to each other. 'y4r+. E \  s , C n ' G^.Yp0[r+%uB@task4_day1_4HSBY_31<0" %uB@task4_day1_3HSBY_31t@<0" %uB@task4_day1_2HSBY_31<0" %uB@task4_day1_1HSBY_31&@<0" tB@task4_day1_4HSBY_20@<0" JrB@task4_day1_confidenceHSBY_243PB4 tB@task4_day1_3HSBY_20@<0" tB@task4_day1_2HSBY_20@<0" tB@task4_day1_1HSBY_20~@ <0" """bB@task4_day1_confidenceHSBY_283PB4 """bB@task4_day1_4HSBY_28j@<0" """bB@task4_day1_3HSBY_28@<0" """bB@task4_day1_2HSBY_281GtC per year.L0" """bB@task4_day1_1HSBY_28T@ <0" " `B@task4_day1_confidenceHSBY_293PB4 " `B@task4_day1_4HSBY_29 @<0" " `B@task4_day1_3HSBY_29~@ <0" " `B@task4_day1_2HSBY_29@ <0" " `B@task4_day1_1HSBY_29H@ <0" #]B@task4_day1_confidenceHSBY_271PB4 #]B@task4_day1_4HSBY_27@<0" #]B@task4_day1_3HSBY_27@<0" #]B@task4_day1_2HSBY_27@<0" #]B@task4_day1_1HSBY_27^@<0" ]B@task4_day1_confidenceHSBY_531PB4 ]B@task4_day1_4HSBY_53b@<0" ]B@task4_day1_3HSBY_53@<0" ]B@task4_day1_2HSBY_53 3Gtc/YearG0" ]B@task4_day1_1HSBY_53@<0" ߼xB@task4_day1_4HSBY_26<0" ߼xB@task4_day1_3HSBY_26<0" ߼xB@task4_day1_2HSBY_26Z@<0" ߼xB@task4_day1_1HSBY_26@<0" UUUUB@task2_day1_confidenceHSBY_593PB4 UUUUB@task2_day1_3HSBY_59@<0" UUUUB@task2_day1_2HSBY_59h@<0" UUUUB@task2_day1_1HSBY_59@<0" IuB@task4_day1_confidenceHSBY_562PB4 IuB@task4_day1_4HSBY_56@<0" IuB@task4_day1_3HSBY_56@<0" IuB@task4_day1_2HSBY_56@ <0" IuB@task4_day1_1HSBY_56H@<0" d]B@task4_day1_confidenceHSBY_193PB4 4GB@task4_day1_confidenceHSBY_222PB4 4GB@task4_day1_4HSBY_22@ <0" 4GB@task4_day1_3HSBY_22B@<0" 4GB@task4_day1_2HSBY_22A moderate amount.P0" 4GB@task4_day1_1HSBY_22`@<0" @<0" wlvB@task4_day1_1HSBY_55@<0" lkB@task4_day1_confidenceHSBY_33N@4 lkB@task4_day1_4HSBY_3@:." lkB@task4_day1_3HSBY_3@:." lkB@task4_day1_2HSBY_3 1 Gtc/YrD." lkB@task4_day1_1HSBY_3@:." %uB@task4_day1_confidenceHSBY_311PB4  LVAL  p"BThe level in the atmosphere increases far more quickly than the levels in the ocean. Also the sheep and tree levels are remaining the same. But in the long run, the number of sheep and trees are increasing.Dynamic equilibrium is how carbon is in the atmostphere and the sea, and can travel to almost anywhere, but are in a closed system. This causes the total amount of carbon dioxide to be constant, unless the rate in which fossil fuel is burning at is increased.The carbon is in a closed system and therefore the total amount of carbon dioxide is constant through out the carbon cycle.The atmospheric CO2 quickly increases again. There is no visible correlation between the CO2 in the atmosphere and turning on the deep on, but the c-deep increases.a dynamic equilibrium is a relationship between factors that remains fairly equal but moves around. They change constantly but even so remain a balance between them. it remains balanced but the balance moves around depending on influencing factors. the population numbers don't stay the same and depends on other populationsnot very much as it changes factors too quickly for a sustainable equilibrium to reform. also you are adding more CO2 to a closed system but where it has more unnatural effects on other organisms. Apart from humans, nothing else burns fossil fuels - the fossils would have stayed there and not be released, and this is an unnatural, unexpected process not factored in which dramatically unbalances the equilibrium. it's not stable when you put CO2 in. it moves around in the air and then absorbed in the ocean and remains in an area for a while.Dynamic eqilibrium is when a factor of the environment is changing in the short term but if observed in the long term, it is constant, so the equilibrium comes from the fact that it is constant, but the results aren't static, therefore it is dynamic.Dynamic equilibrium means that over a longterm the CO2 in the atmoshpere is equal but in short term the amount of CO2 increases and decreases. LVAL N pDynamic equilibrium refers to the concept that when you change on thing, another thing changes as a result. An example of this phenomenon in our world is; the less production = less money (more debt)= lower quality of life = possible death.Dynamic equilibrium means that when you change one thing, another thing changes as a result. In both models there was a chain effect. In the first one, the population of the wolves change as the population of the sheep change. In the Carbon model, the carbon in the atmosphere and the carbon in the ocean are closely related.A sustainable usage of fossil fuel would be sustainable over the long term. We should not burn so much fuel because we will be killing everything on Earth. Have some restraint power companies!There is lots of carbon in the atmosphere and it is becoming very crowded.something(like a measurement) that increases and decreases in a constant manner but jumps about in the actual measurements. like how the amount of carbon in the atmosphere changes with the seasons, but generally remains constant throughout the years and takes with it the jagged pattern when it increases or decreases.the amount of atmospheric c02 and carbon in the oceans mainly increase and decrease rapidly in a jagged pattern, and retains this pattern whether the levels are rising, decreasing or staying constant.NONE or maybe 1 GtC per year even the minimum use of fossil fuel eventually leads to a large increase of carbon in the atmosphere and oceans, a slow increase of carbon in trees and a very slow but steady decline of sheep.the atmospheric c02 increases faster with the increase in the burning of fossil fuels, and slows down only a tiny bit as time goes on. the amount of carbon in the ocean increases at a much slower rate than the c02, but eventually increases in speed witht the decrease of atmospheric c02.The concept of dynamic equilibrium is the co2 molecules LVAL D  & * .The CO2 in the atmosphere increases when Deepon is increased. This may be because sheep are releasing CO2. Also bruning fossil fuels releases carbon dioxide as well. Dynamic equilibrium is where things move everywhere but do not change otherwise. Dynamic equilibrium is when everything moves around but remains consistent and doesn't change which is what is happening with the CO2. The CO2 is in a closed system. They move around the oceans and the atmosphere, can be absorbed into the cycles of trees which can then die and form fossil fuels or are burnt and release carbon. The sheep inhale the oxygen from the trees and produce carbon dioxide which goes into the atmosphere. The equilibrium is more obvious on a smaller scale. When the land usage is minimal along with the fossil fuel usage levels, the atmospheric CO2 and ocean CO2 stays at a constant rate as well as the trees and sheep numbers.5-7GtC/year is the most sustainable amount as the sheep and trees are increasing and decreasing equally.The atmospheric CO2 is increasing at a steady rate.When something does not change too much over time but varies a little throughout, going up and down. The heat of the day remain cosntant within a climatic system, however varies between the day and night.Most carbon levels in the ocean, sheep and air remain fairly constant and equal over the long term. However, they flucutuate between seasons, as trees grow and shed their leaves.Around 9GtC/ year, there needs to be enough time for the carbon dioxide to be converted into oxygen or dissolve.It is increasing a lot rapidly, as all the CO2 from the ground is being burned into the atmosphere.The concept of dynaimc equilibrium applies to the two modelsPreferably none. The fossil fuel takes thousands and thousands of years to make and is increasing the levels of C02 in the earth's atmosphere. It is preferable if we find another source of energy, helping the environment. LVALT  $ v XDynamic equilibrium applies in that any changes made to any of the values has an affect on all other values wihtin the system.No level is sustainable over the long term for all species involved.1.atmospheric CO2 spikes and then gradually decreases while c-oceans rise. Dynamic Equilibrium is a balanced effect where one change can affect the rest in a chain reaction. Both are affected and changed through chain reactions.2GTC would be more sustainable over alonger period of time.It is increasing constantly. The increase of CO2 is mainly due to the increase of fossil fuels in the air. The fossil fuel burning increases the amount of CO2 with the burning remains which are in fact chemically changed particals into CO2.I think that the concept of dynamic equilibrium is the idea that all animals rely on one another- eg when the wolves increase the sheep decrease and the grass increases.The concept of dynamic equilibrium is applied to the two models that we have investigated in the way that all the species and levels of certain elements depend on each other.The dynamic equilibrium explains that carbon produced in the atmosphere does not stay in the one spot. Instead it moves around despite whether it is the ocean, land or the air. The 'equilibrium' refers to the fact that there is equal amounts of carbon and oxygen in the air without the influence of fossil fuels, land clearing and land use etc. The concept 'dynamic equilibrium' applies to the Carbon Cycle model in the way that that we are able to track the co2 molecule and find that it doesnt If the function 'deepon' is turned on, there is no level of fossil fuel that would be sustainable over long terms. The atmospheric co2 is increasing while the carbon dioxide in the ocean is growing but at a constant and steady speed. Both the sheep and trees are running parallel to each other. Each compenent of the equlibrium must stay the same. A low level would be sustainable.Dy3^k$ p  @ W  ' L  c3^u,Wn'B %B@task1_day1_2HSBY_5@:."  %B@task1_day1_1HSBY_5v@:." N[B@task1_day1_2HSBY_8H@:." N[B@task1_day1_1HSBY_8z@:." 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T0" xB@task4_day1_confidenceHSBY_233PB4 xB@task4_day1_4HSBY_23@<0" LVALz vhthe carbon in the ocean and the air have similar readings in numbers and the trend shown in the graph overlaps a few times.all the vairables are balanced but if one is changed everything changesthe dynamic equilibrium applies to both relationship since they both display some sort of a balanced relationship thats dependent on all variables and goes in a cycleAfter stopping the burning of fossil fuels the atmospheric co2 decreases dramatically at first then levels off to a graudual decrease. It is when the variables are able to sustain themselves by themselves making a balance in the system.If you change something, another variable wll be affected.According to the graph it is 0GtC/year that is sustainable.The emmission of the fossil fuels releases lots of carbon from their stored mass and so it then goes up into the atmosphere and so becomes atmosphere carbon dioxide. which becomes absorbed intothe ocean which can go far down into the ocean making there be lots of carbon getting absorbed more than what is being released.Dynamic equilibrium descirbes the close relationship between the variables. For instance, when there is more grass, there is more sheep. Dynamic describes the changing patterns and equilibrium describes the close relationship between the populations.Dynamic equilibrium applies to both models because the is a constant relation between the variables. Using fossil fuels is not sustainable at all in the long run. Increasing the fossil fuel consumption by 1 GtC thows everything out of balance.The atmospheric CO2 dramatically increases. The carbon in the oceans also increases.its a balcanced effect where if one variable is changed then the rest is affected it is increasing constantly. the increae of co2 is mainly due to the increase of fossil fuels in the air. the fossil fuel burning increases the amount of co2 with the burning remains which are in fact chamically changed particals into co2 `LVAL> F >|The Earth's atmosphere maintains a constant concentration of carbon dioxide because trees absorb carbon dioxide and then release oxygen. Animals and humans then breathe in the oxygen and breathe out carbon dioxide. This cycle means that the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere stays relatively constant.As the number of sheep decreases at a steady rate, the trees seems to be increasing at the same rate. the Co2 and the oceans have been fluctuating, however they look like they are either both increasing or deacreasing significantly. When humans breathe out air, we breathe out carbon dioxide, while breathing in oxygen. However we also have trees to do exactly the opposite. This maintains an equal concentration of CO2.dynamic equilbrium is when factors in an enrvironment co-exist with each other, and remain relatively stable and balanced in environmental patterns. all healthy eco-systems operate with dynamic equilibrium because this allows room for various factors to change within the environment without the collapse of the entire system Dynamic equilibrium applies to the two models because each of the various factors that contriute to the overall environment in the models exist in and around each other. when the factors change, but then the others change to cope with the other changes and remain stable in terms of the balance between other factors. The level of fossil fuel useage that ensures that no variable of the environment increases or decreases dramitically will be sustainale for a long time. This is because such useage habits will ensure that no prominent harm is affecting the environment.the carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere increase dramatically. the CO2 being absorbed by the oceans is increasing, but not as quickly as atmospheric CO2. the sheep and tree populations remain relatively stable. there is an immediate increase in the amount of carbon dioxide in the deep ocean - where CO2 can remain for hundreds of thousands of yearsbLVAL B  T2While the carbon in the atmosphere rises steeply, the oceans's results also continue to rise but with a slight slope. The trees and sheep remain relatively unaffected by this.A relatively low amount of fossil fuels produced A sustainable use of land (e.g. land remains uncleared) It shows the effect of fossil fuels on the atmosphere and the balance of CO2 molecules (it greatly increases). Nature has made a balance of Co2 molecules but humans disrupt it. The burning of fossil fuels creates carbon dioxide, which increase the level of co2 in the atmosphere. When fossil fuel burning starts the Co2 levels rise quickly, but then drops after it stops. each one is essential for the carbon cycle and if one of them is affected, it will result in changes to the atmosphere and affect the relationship between the atmosphere, the oceans, the trees and the sheep-there is a balance of animals and fossil fuels releasing CO2 and plantlife taking in CO2; this way the amount of CO@ stays the same, varying a little during different seasons or changes in human consumption of fossil fuels The Earth's atmosohere maintains a relatively constant concentration of carbon dioxide when the different factors (such as animals and plants) are using and producing carbon dioxide.It undulates but is still constant. The carbon dioxide in oceans is greater than in trees and sheep. They are parallel and 'mirror' each other (the more carbon dioxide in oceans the less in the atmosphere and vice versa). Trees take in carbon dioxide and produce oxygen, and sheep take in oxygen and produce carbon dioxide. This balance of animals and plants results in a balanced level of carbon dioxide. When the level of carbon in the atmosphere increases the level of carbon in the oceans decreases. When the level of carbon in the atmosphere decreases the level of carbon in the ocean increases. When the level of carbon in the trees increases, the level of carbon in the sheep decreases. y4b}6 Q l % q * C `  0GrBYpFqF@B@task1_day1_2HSBY_7@:." F@B@task1_day1_1HSBY_7@:." B@task2_day1_confidenceHSBY_173PB4 B@task2_day1_3HSBY_17@<0" B@task2_day1_2HSBY_17B@<0" B@task2_day1_1HSBY_170@<0" MR]B@task2_day1_3HSBY_8r@:." MR]B@task2_day1_2HSBY_8D@:." MR]B@task2_day1_1HSBY_8@:." 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B@task2_day1_1HSBY_9@:." 9B@task1_day1_confidenceHSBY_172PB4 9B@task1_day1_2HSBY_17 @<0" 9B@task1_day1_1HSBY_17@<0" N[B@task1_day1_confidenceHSBY_83N@4 ~B@task1_day1_confidenceHSBY_162PB4 ~B@task1_day1_2HSBY_16^@ <0" ~B@task1_day1_1HSBY_16@ <0"  B@task2_day1_confidenceHSBY_52N@4  B@task2_day1_3HSBY_5b@:."  B@task2_day1_2HSBY_5@:."  B@task2_day1_1HSBY_5@:." #|B@task1_day1_confidenceHSBY_142PB4 #|B@task1_day1_2HSBY_14@<0" #|B@task1_day1_1HSBY_14@<0" HֹrB@task1_day1_confidenceHSBY_91N@4 HֹrB@task1_day1_2HSBY_9@ :." HֹrB@task1_day1_1HSBY_9l@:."  %B@task1_day1_confidenceHSBY_52N@4 DLVAL lb @bLhThe more fossil fuels were burned, the more oxygen was burned. therefore there was more Carbon dioxide in the air.There is first a dramatic rise then it gradually dropsThe trees and animals on the Earth maintain a specific balance with the levels of carbon dioxide. The respiration of animals and plants keeps the carbon dioxide levels consistent, and if, for example, human processes interfere with this balance, the carbon dioxide levels fluctuate and become inconsistent. Global Warming is occuring as a result of human actions, with fossil fuels changing the amount of carbon dioxide in the air, and this also disturbs the balance. To see the effects of fossil fuels on the carbon cycle. The burning of fossil fuels affect the amount of carbon in the atmosphere. When more fossil fuels are burnt, the level of carbon increases. When fossil fuel burning stops, the carbon levels in the atmosphere go down more slowly. This means it is harder for carbon gasses to escape the atmosphere than enter it. The carbon levels in the atmosphere start to slowly decrease.The key ideas of this model is to show how the different factors in the environemnt affect the cycle of carbon. As more fossil fuels are released, the more carbon is present everywhere and the rate at which the carbon must be cycled is more rapid.The number of carbon particles increase when more fossil fuels are burnt, both in the atmosphere and in the ocean. The number of sheep are also reducing gradually. The release and absorb rate of carbon has also increased.The trees, ocean, sheep and carbon in the atmosphere keep each other constant by undoing and controlling the effects of each other. If human activities involving these aspects are increased or decreased, it affects the carbon rate in the other aspects as well. The trees control the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere by absorbing the carbon diozide and releasing oxygen in its place, while everything else breathes in oxygen and releases carbon dioxide. LVAL j "8The Earth stores a large amount of the carbon within the Earth itself and it's oceans. By maintaining this balance with trees and the oceans the Earth is able to maintain the concentration fo carbon dioxide.The more sheep there are the more carbon there is in the atmosphere. When the trees are introduced, the amount of carbon is reduced. The ocean also affects the amount of carbon in the atmosphere, but not as much as the other factors. The absorb and release rate keep relatively close even if the other factors are changed, and this means that the concentration of carbon dioxide remains constant as well. The Earth also maintains a relatively constant concentration of carbon dioxide by controlling other factors, such as the gases in the atmosphere.there needs to be an equal (or steady) amount of CO2 and oxygen to keep a sustainable environment. If the fossil fuels continued to burn, the CO2 would have 'shot though the roof'. When the Fossil Fuels was actually there, the CO2 and Coceans increased dramatically and the trees were fluctuating. When the fossil fuel stopped burning, the Coceans continued to rise and the CO2 has been decreasing at a very steady rate.The key ideas are that nature itself has created a balance in the carbon cycle and that human activity will distrupt that balance if we continue to burn carbon-based materials and cut down trees. -The CO2 pattern shows that fossil fuels contain a large amount of carbon contain in the material and when it is burned for human consumption, it is released back into the atmosphere, therefore raising the CO2 levels. THe higher the concentration of caron dioxide in the air, the higher the ocean level goes. THe recovery of this is a very slow process and only occurs if the level of carbon dioxide in the air is reduced. IF there are more sheep than trees, then the level of carbon dioxide goes up, slowly yet steadily, thus increasing the amount of greenhouse gases in the air. If there are more trees, the level of carbon dioxide goes down.LVAL  v 6<<Earth's atmosphere mantains a relatively constant concentration of carbon dioxide when no fossil fuel is released into the air. It fluctuates but slowly decreases. Human actions disturb the balance in nature which in turn destroys the world we live in.The increas in CO2 levels is caused by the burning of fossil fuel which produce high amounts of the gas.The cycle of carbon and how one aspect of the model (either trees, ocean, sheep or carbon dioxide in the atmosphere) affects the other aspects. Human interference, such as fossil fuel, land clearing and land usage, will also affect the amount of carbon in at least one of these aspects, which will in turn affect all of them. When more fossil fuels are being burned they create more pollution which means the trees can't keep the rate of carbon in the atmosphere and oceans as constant. THe carbon dioxide atoms release rate becomes higher. The carbon rate in the ocean also increases, although not as much. Sheep and trees stay constant. The key ideas of this model is that there is a carbon cycle. When variables such as land clearing and burning of fossil fuels are implemented, this affects the balance of carbon levels.The pattern observed might come about because when you put a large amount of carbon into the atmosphere after burning fossil fuels, there is nothing to bring the level of carbon back down to what it originally was. Also, because there is a balance of things using and producing carbon that means the level of carbon in the atmosphere stays relatively stable, it is harder for the carbon to return to its initial level.After the fossil fuel burning stops, the level of CO2 in the atmosphere very gradually decreases to the original level of CO2. The amount of time taken to return to the original level is significantly shorter than the time taken for the CO2 levels to rise.The carbon in the ocean is like a mirror to the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere due to the carbon. As carbon dioxide rises, the number of trees and sheep decline.LVALr T VDWhen you turn the trees and the sheep off the carbon level remains constant.It shows the effect between the trees, sheep, fossil fuels and land to the carbon in the atmosphere and ocean. It also shows the effect when some of the elements are changed. It shows the relationship between all the factors which effect the amount of carbon in the atmosphere. It also shows the long-term effects of changing factors.The gases from burning fossil fuels remain trapped in the atmosphere, and have to be slowly used up and released. Since this takes a long time, the number decreases very gradually, and the effects of burning fossil fuels has a long impact. When the Fossil Fuel slider was turned to the right, the levels of CO2 increased rapidly, and when the slider was turned back off, the CO2 levels decreased, but at a slower rate than how they increased. - co2 rises dramatically and rapidly when fossil fuels are at its highest - living things die off as co2 and c oceans rise when land use is at its peak - dramatic drop of co2 and c oceans to start with, but sheep decresing when land clearing reaches its highest - when co2 peaks, c oceans increase, trees decline slowly, sheep dramatic drop in numbers- maintaining an appropritae amount of fossil fuels - by controling the land use - Probiting deforestation and land clearing - increasing plantationThe more trees there are, the more carbon dioxide is able to be absorbed. The more animal there are, the more carbon doxide becomes realeased. -Ozone Layer blankets the carbon dioxide -The carbon cycle is responsible for the relative constant concentration of carbon dioxide. 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F@B@task1_day1_confidenceHSBY_71N@4 BLVAL (Vhbecause we arent burning as much fossil fuels, we dont have the appropriate energy to survive therefore animal population decreases co2 dropped because the pollution from the burning of fossil fuels has decreased- sheep declining - tree growth and co2 are contant - c oceans are rising slightlyThere needs to be balance for CO2 levels to remain stable and everything needs to be be maintained to be stable. If we interrupt the balance, there may be dire consequences for many years to come. How other factors affect carbon - animals and plants. THe dynamic equilibriumThe carbon dioxide trapped within the oceans is released into the air and thus increasing the levels of CO2 in the atmosphere and decreasing the levels of CO2 in the ocean (vice versa).The CO2 slowly decreases once the fossil fuel burning has stopped, until they reach the original balance.It is to show the carbon cycle and the greenhouse effect. It allows us to see the human impact on the earth. As soon as a little bit of carbon dioxide is added to the atmosphere, it can not go away and yet continues to effect the earth.Even after the fossil fuel slide had been stopped, it was still present in the atmosphere.The key ideas of this model are to demonstrate the effect of fossil fuels and the clearance of land on the carbon cycle.The level of carbon in the atmospheric Co2 decreases but after fossil fuels have been released into the air for a while, the carbon level still stays constantly high for a period of time, until it later decreases, back to its original amount. If you clear land and remove trees, there will be more carbon dioxide in the ocean and in the ocean. The sheeps also drop, as they don't have enough food to survive. Trees perform photosynthesis, which is roughly when they combine carbon dioxide, sunlight(energy) and water and make oxygen and glucose. However, normal human activities release carbon dioxide, like breathing, burning wood for fire, etc. Therefore, they cancel each other out. LVAL 0*  4\plant respiration and photosynthesis leaves the atmospheric carbon in a relatively stable conditionThe concept of dynamic equilibrium is something that changes erratically but still retains the total amount. The water cycle is an example of the equlibrium part when the same amount of water is changed into its different forms. The concept of dynamic eqilibrium applies to the Carbon Cycle model as although the same amount of carbon particles are present within the dimensions of the cycle, they take on different forms and interchange these regularly.A controlled level of fossil fuel usage would be sustainable over the long term as more fossil fuels would also be formed at the same time.The carbon in the air drmatically increases adn the carbon in the ocean is also increasing but not at the same speed. It is maintained because of the ongoing levels of oxygen and fossil fuels that stay constant.The Carbon dioxide which is emitted by the animals is taken in by the plants, and the oxygen emitted by the plants is taken in by animals, therefore ensuring the maintained levels of co2 and oxygen in our atmosphere, resulting in a closed system. As there is the constant movement of carbon in our atmosphere, it results in dynamic equilibrium. For example, our breathing. It is a closed system which means that the carbon will always be equal which ever form it's in. It means that it can be in the trees, atmosphere, or the ocean. We believe that 1 Gt of Carbon per year would be the most sustainable.The CO2 in the atmosphere increased when the fossil suels starts to burn. The Carbon in the ocean also increased significantly. how carbon dioxide can affect how Earth and its elements of its environment. It drops because the oceans are absorbing that extra carbon dioxide. It drops, however, the carbon dioxide in the ocean increases. to see the differences between what impacts the vegetation and life on earth according to the co2 levels@LVAL |  |xLPdDynamic equillbrium applies to the Carbon Cycle model. It means that the carbon dioxide is always moving, but the amount of carbon dioxide stays constant (without fossil fuel burning) due to the balance of absorbing and releasing carbon dioxide. There is generally more CO2 in the atmosphere than in the oceans. The release rate and the absorb rate, however, is the same. Dynamic equilibrium is a system which is constantly changing and moving, although nothing is lost or gained. In our school, the students are moved around to different classes, however the actual number of students doesn't change.Even though the carbon is continuously moving and not static, nothing is lost or gained, and remains the same. The amount of carbon in the ocean and in the atmosphere remain close. None,because even when you use a tiny bit of fossil fuel, the amount of carbon, sheep, and trees all increase dramatically. It is staying relatively constant, and takes even longer to decrease. This is because more carbon is being absorbed than released.Dynamic equilibrium means that all levels undulate a little (dynamic) but are still constant and remains stable over time (equal). This counts for all the factors- it does not increase or decrease greatly. It is a closed system. The Law of the Conservation of Energy- energy cannot be created or destroyed, it can only change forms. The dynamic equilibrium applies to the carbon cycle model as the co2 is balanced between the animals and plants and the atmosphere and oceans. It does not increase or decrease over time. The Co2 is not added or removed. No or as minimum use as possible. Any use of fossil fuel disrupts the equilibrium. The atmospheric Co2 is inreasing but not as drastically as just burning fossil fuels. The Co2 in the ocean is also rising, unlike before. Dynamic equilibrium is the state of a result of being consistant. Eg. level of oxygen - as we breathe out carbon dioxide, trees change it back to oxygen keeping it at a constant rateDy4bN g ~ 7 K  v / `  F]-^g K3\P"B@task4_day1_1HSBY_17h@<0" z*0B@task4_day1_confidenceHSBY_162PB4 z*0B@task4_day1_4HSBY_166@<0" z*0B@task4_day1_3HSBY_16p@<0" z*0B@task4_day1_2HSBY_160>0" z*0B@task4_day1_1HSBY_16No observable difference.W0" +B@task4_day1_confidenceHSBY_131PB4 B@task4_day1_confidenceHSBY_112PB4 B@task4_day1_4HSBY_11>@<0" B@task4_day1_3HSBY_11"@<0" B@task4_day1_2HSBY_11@<0" B@task4_day1_1HSBY_11@<0" Y܉B@task4_day1_confidenceHSBY_83N@4 B@task4_day1_confidenceHSBY_71N@4 B@task4_day1_4HSBY_7@:." B@task4_day1_3HSBY_7@:." B@task4_day1_2HSBY_7@:." 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Y܉B@task4_day1_1HSBY_8@:." +B@task4_day1_4HSBY_13X@<0" +B@task4_day1_3HSBY_13 @<0" +B@task4_day1_2HSBY_13t@<0" +B@task4_day1_1HSBY_13@<0" W)QB@task4_day1_4HSBY_12@<0" W)QB@task4_day1_3HSBY_12@ <0" W)QB@task4_day1_2HSBY_12No usage - 0 GtC/yearS0" W)QB@task4_day1_1HSBY_12@ <0" q= WB@task4_day1_confidenceHSBY_182PB4 q= WB@task4_day1_4HSBY_18@<0" q= WB@task4_day1_3HSBY_18j@<0" q= WB@task4_day1_2HSBY_18@<0" q= WB@task4_day1_1HSBY_18@<0" j۔B@task4_day1_confidenceHSBY_53N@4 j۔B@task4_day1_4HSBY_5@:." j۔B@task4_day1_3HSBY_5@:." j۔B@task4_day1_2HSBY_5@:." j۔B@task4_day1_1HSBY_5@:." _aB@task4_day1_confidenceHSBY_43N@4 _aB@task4_day1_4HSBY_4p@:." rLVAL 0 <  @   8The concept of dynamic equilibrium applies to the Carbon Cycle because the cycle is in constant movement but has the carbon has the ability to remain stable due to the equilibrium created by the input and outputof carbon created by the relationship between animals and plants. The amount of carbon does not change. -little as possible fossil fuel usage would be most sustainable -less than 4 Gigatons would be most sustainable, though anything none would be bestThe CO2 levels are rising slower than previously, but the CO2 in the ocean is also rising, which it didn't do beforeThe Earth's climate is a closed system. If left unchanged, the levels of carbon stay relatively stable, with the carbon changing form, moving from animals to the atmosphere to plants to the sea (but not necessarily in that order). When you make even the slightest change to the cycle, then the dynamic equilibrium is affected.When variables in the carbon cycle model are changed the dynnamic equilibrium is disrupted. When no variable are changed in the model, the levels of carbon change very slightly in each individual part (for example in the atmosphere, the ocean, the trees and sheep), but the total amount of carbon stays the same.No fossil fuel usage is the most sustainable option. Even a slight increase of fossil fuels burnt affects the balance of carbon in the atmosphere.Atmospheric CO2 increaces quickly but still decreaces very slowly.The concept of dynamic equilibrium is equal.The dynamic aspect is the carbon molecules which don't rest and move all over the space. and the Equilibrium is the graph which stays constant. No level of fossil fuel is sustainable over the long term.It constantly increases, but it is the same with deep on or off.Dynamic equilibrium is where something is constantly moving, but the give and take rate generally stays the same. For example, body temperature is something that is constantly shifting, but the temperature remins in the same range. LVAL  The way that things move and are inconstant. They don't stop however other levels stay stable. Less than 1 GTC of carbon dioxide is most sustainable. As it is not possible to maintain an annual 0 gtc of carbon released by fossil fuels due to human need for resources, it would be most effective to limit our carbon emissions to less than 1 GTC.There is more CO2 in the air than it is being absorbed. The release rate is similar to the absorb rate, however overtime the CO2 levels are gradually rising. Dynamic equilibrium is when everything is working continuously in harmony to maintain a balance and order without interference from outside factors. For example, if 4 people are working in a group on a task and everyone is fulfilling their role properly, there is an equilibrium. If one person in the group stops doing work and hinders the process, this interferes with the result that the group produces. There is no longer balance and order as something has disrupted this pattern.This concept of equilibrium applies to the Carbon Cycle model because everything is in balance when the system is closed and there is no interference from human actions, etc. Nature and the Earth has a pattern that continues and maintains the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. IF there are enough trees to support the photosythesis of the carbon dioxide in the air, the fossil fuel usage would be more sustainable.When 'deep on' is turned on and fossil fuel is burned, the level of CO2 goes up slower than without 'deep on'. This shows that if carbon dioxide is stored in the ocean, the level of the gas in the atmosphere will be less.Dynamic equilibrium is a closed system in which the level of 'something' is contained. There is a little bit change but overall it is constant and equal. The dynamic refers to the activity and movement- meaning that the various parts of the closed system work together making it dynamic.pLVAL " . |>0Dynamic equilibrium applies to the Carbon Cycle model because the carbon is still kept within the earth and its atmosphere, ocean, land, plants and animals, but the carbon is constantly moving around, even though its distribution is balanced between these aspects. No fossil fuel usage would be the most sustainable over the long term.The atmospheric CO2 is increasing, because there are more fossil fuels being burned than there are trees, ocean and sheep that can absorb the excess carbon dioxide being released. Dynamic equilibrium is the movement of carbon in the earth. When fossil fuels are burnt, the dynamic equilibrium changes, altering the earth's environment.Dynamic equilibrium is the distrubution of carbon molecules in the atomsphere and ocean. This applies to the Carbon Cycle model because it shows the carbon molecules in a stylised way.The concept of dynamic equilibrium is the constant movement of molecules in different forms and the delicate balance between the amount in one form to another.The concept of dynamic equilibrium applies to the Carbon Cycle model by the movement of the carbon quickly around Earth and how it is transformed from one form of carbon to another. It is also a balance between the amount of carbon in the atmosphere and underground/oceans.We believe that using no fossil fuels is sustainable over the long term.The carbon dioxide is constantly rising but the amount of carbon is the same as the cycle because its a close environment.The carbon cycle model is not static equilibrium because the carbon molecule is constantly moving. This makes it dynamic equilibrium. It moves from the atmostphere to the land to the oceans and is constantly going up and down. The carbon cycle refers to the movement of carbon from the atmosphere, biosphere and hydrosphere. Since the carbon level is being maintained and stored in different forms, the amount of it is not changing, therefore making it a closed cycle with a dynamic equilibrium.y4r+u. E p  @ W  Z uGr+VdLcp)5kNC@task1_day2_1HSBY_4@:." <6jNC@task2_day2_confidenceHSBY_282PB4 <6jNC@task2_day2_3HSBY_28@<0" <6jNC@task2_day2_2HSBY_28Carbon dioxide and sun rays.Z0" <6jNC@task2_day2_1HSBY_28.@<0" +NC@task2_day2_3HSBY_22@ <0" +NC@task2_day2_2HSBY_22f@ <0" +NC@task2_day2_1HSBY_22@<0" (\OOC@task1_day2_confidenceHSBY_243PB4 (\OOC@task1_day2_2HSBY_24&@<0" (\OOC@task1_day2_1HSBY_24H@<0" OOC@task1_day2_2HSBY_2n@:." OOC@task1_day2_1HSBY_2@:." NC@task1_day2_2HSBY_15Co2, Suns' rays and Albedo.Y0" NC@task1_day2_1HSBY_15@ <0" .NC@task2_day2_3HSBY_20R@ <0" .NC@task2_day2_2HSBY_20@ <0" .NC@task2_day2_1HSBY_20@<0" SWOC@task2_day2_3HSBY_30b@<0" SWOC@task2_day2_2HSBY_30@<0" SWOC@task2_day2_1HSBY_30@<0" uNC@task2_day2_3HSBY_19@<0" uNC@task2_day2_2HSBY_19H@<0" uNC@task2_day2_1HSBY_19@<0" (\OOC@task1_day2_2HSBY_30@<0" (\OOC@task1_day2_1HSBY_30@<0" $OC@task1_day2_confidenceHSBY_52N@4 $OC@task1_day2_2HSBY_5@:." $OC@task1_day2_1HSBY_5@ :." fff&OC@task1_day2_confidenceHSBY_192PB4 }NC@task1_day2_confidenceHSBY_202PB4 <+INC@task1_day2_confidenceHSBY_253PB4 <+INC@task1_day2_2HSBY_25@ <0" <+INC@task1_day2_1HSBY_25@@ <0" 0uNC@task1_day2_confidenceHSBY_221PB4 0uNC@task1_day2_2HSBY_22b@ <0" 0uNC@task1_day2_1HSBY_22f@ <0" fff&OC@task1_day2_2HSBY_19@<0" fff&OC@task1_day2_1HSBY_19v@<0" tDNC@task1_day2_confidenceHSBY_282PB4 tDNC@task1_day2_2HSBY_28t@<0" tDNC@task1_day2_1HSBY_28\@<0" }NC@task1_day2_2HSBY_20@<0" }NC@task1_day2_1HSBY_20@<0"  OC@task1_day2_confidenceHSBY_271PB4  OC@task1_day2_2HSBY_27j@<0"  OC@task1_day2_1HSBY_27<@<0" W)QB@task4_day1_confidenceHSBY_123PB4 P"B@task4_day1_confidenceHSBY_173PB4 P"B@task4_day1_4HSBY_17@<0" P"B@task4_day1_3HSBY_17@ <0" P"B@task4_day1_2HSBY_17@<0" TLVALd( ( XRJThe less albedo reflected means more sunlight absorbed into the earth, making the temperature increase. The less ice the more sunlight absorbed into the ocean, which warms it up and speeds up the melting of ice, resulting in less albedo and increased temperature. With increase of albedo, the temperature decreases. This is because the more sunlight reflected back into space, the less warm the earth gets. The output is carbon dioxide but it becomes 'input' as the tree breathe it in.The temperature drops as the albedo increases and heightens as it decreases. When the albedo was brought up to about 0.60, the temperature dropped dramatically.The feedback loops are the albedo and cloud coverAs the albedo increases, the temperature decreases.If you start out with CO2, it gradually becomes part of the system againAs albedo levels increases, the global temperature decreases and vice versa. The albedo forms an ice layer between the suns rays and the ocean, hence it controls the temperature decrease.Sun rays keep on going up and down and in and out. Carbon.As albedo increases the temperature decreases.CO2 atmosphere at the start, brightness of sun, oxygen, cloud cover, albedo.The global temperature drops dramatically as the albedo increases. The more light and radiation that is reflected by the Earth, the cooler it gets, as the heat is not absorbed by the Earth. When the light and radiation is reflected, it is loss into space.The oxygen loop (output of trees and input of sheep) The carbon dioxide loop (output of sheep and the input of trees) There was hardly any infra-red as the albedo rate went up. As the Albedo goes up the temperature drops dramatically and vice versa. This can be due to the ice forming on the ocean. This can be seen as an equilibrium. Dynamic equilibrium is when something is kept equal and balanced, but the thing being kept equal is constantly moving and changing causing the other parts of the equilibrium to change and be kept balanced. LVALPn p ( 6  f|8PrThe temperature drops, most likely because the heat from the sun can not get through the cloud cover. the key ideas are the relationship between the temperature and the cloud cover.it is exactly the same, it does not change at allFeedback loops in the system include the carbon in the system.As shown as above, it is the same.- temperature dramatically drops becoming -130` as albedo rate goes to its highesti think that the key ideas in this model are that when the ice caps melt, the earth will continue to get warmeri still don't understand what feedback loops are As the albedo increases, the global temperature decreases and vise versa. There are also a number of factors occurring naturally other than factors influenced by humans such as burning fossil fuels, that affect the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and the oceans. Some of these main factors are albedo, the brightness of the sun and the amount of cloud cover.CO2 atmosphere at the start, oxygen, brightness of sun, cloud cover.As the cloud cover changes, the global temperature remains relatively constant, with slight variations.To visually demonstrate the effects of feedback. The incoming radiation, the radiation reflectd and the temperature. An increase in cloud cover results in a decrease of global temperature. The key ideas about this model is to identify whether different elements (ie cloud cover) affects the global temperature.Feeback loops: ~cloud cover ~CO2The global temperature decreases as the cloud cover increases because there is less area where the sun rays can reach the earthsuns rays- input. infra red- output. Feedback loop- incoming heat and temperature. Carbon doixide feedback loop. The global temperature declines as the albedo increases and vice versa. When the albedo was changed and the temperature declined/increased, it eventually reached a point (equilibrium) after which it stayed the same. xLVAL F output is the tenoerature, input is the incoming and outgoing radiation.When the albedo was increased, the number of infrared rays being emitted decreased. This drops the temperature, therefore dropping the amount of emmitted radiation from the earth until the earth reaches a stable temperature. As a result, the Earth is brought into a new equilibrium. When albedo is decreased, the infrared emmited from the earth increases. In the statistics of the sheep and trees, the number of trees shown in the output of the system becomes the same as the input of the system. This also the same for the sheep. An albedo is the ratio between the number of infrared and sunlight rays reflected and absorbed into the earth. When albedo was raised up to its maximum, the global temperature dropped rapidly and when it was put to its minimum, the temperature increased rapidly. Also, the surface of the water turns to ice. Albedo does not affect carbon output and the amount of trees and sheep. An albedo causes a dynamic equilibrium. An example of a feedback loop is when the sun's heat enters the atmosphere and is then reflected back. The input is the incoming solar radiation, and the output is the temperature. When the albedo rate increases, the earth's temperature decreases. It cools for some time, then comes to an equilibrium. When the albdeo rate is low, the temperature fluctuates between day and night. The is due to ice forming instead of the black oceans. Ice reflects faster but is colder. When the albedo rate increases heat is reflected faster, allowing less time for it to heat the Earth's atmosphere. The Earth's global temperature therefore gets warmer due to the changes in albedo. (Second Idea) As there is more greenhouse gases, there is an increased albedo rate. The higher rate bounces off heat from the atmosphere before it is allowed to enter the atmosphere, allowing less heat in the atmosphere. The temperature therefore decreases.LVAL  ` vThe global tempterature decreases as the albedo increases, then coming to an equilibrium. This can be due to the ice forming on the surface of the ocean, cooling down the earth.Shows how cloud cover is related to temperature and shows how everything is interaleted and connected like how when the cloud cover increases the temperature decreases.as cloud cover incresase the global temperature rapidly drops and as cloud cover decreases it immediatley increases. THe temperature decreases faster than it increases, this may be because there is no heat coming in from the sun.As the amount of albedo increases the overall temperature decreases. Albedo causes less infrared rays to be released and more heat to be reflected.The key ideas for this model are possibly to show the effect of cloud cover and the brightness of the sun all affect the temperature of the earth. However despite changes in temperatures there are no change in Co2 levels in the ocean and atmosphere.The temperature drops as soon as the cloud cover is thickened. It is possible that the clouds prevent heat from coming through to earth. As soon it was brought back to normal, the temperatures rose again, back to normal.The global temperature drops when the albedo is higher. When the albdedo is lower the temperature is higher. This is because when the albedo is higher, more rays are reflected back into space instead of being absorbed into the ground, so it doesn't heat the ground as much, which then heats the earth.It shows the relationship between albedo, cloud cover, sun brightness and global temperature. It also demonstrates feedback loops.As cloud cover increases the global temperature varies but gradually decreases. As cloud cover decreases the global temperature increases dramatically.the temperature decreases gradually as a result of increased cloud cover. the clouds keep the sunlight from getting through to the earth. 1y2Rm ? . Y  p ) { 4 7T k&6Mx1HN_B{ OC@task2_day2_2HSBY_15Co2, Suns' rays and Albedo.Y0" _B{ OC@task2_day2_1HSBY_15~@<0" [NC@task1_day2_confidenceHSBY_71N@4 [NC@task1_day2_2HSBY_7solar and heat energyQ." [NC@task1_day2_1HSBY_7f@:." OC@task1_day2_2HSBY_11@<0" OC@task1_day2_1HSBY_11h@<0" OC@task1_day2_confidenceHSBY_213PB4 OC@task1_day2_2HSBY_21@<0" OC@task1_day2_1HSBY_21@ <0" ƇNC@task1_day2_2HSBY_18@ <0" ƇNC@task1_day2_1HSBY_18@<0" NC@task1_day2_confidenceHSBY_132PB4 NC@task1_day2_2HSBY_13j@<0" NC@task1_day2_1HSBY_13@<0" >ROC@task2_day2_confidenceHSBY_43N@4 >ROC@task2_day2_3HSBY_4@:." >ROC@task2_day2_2HSBY_4 I DONT KNOWG." >ROC@task2_day2_1HSBY_4t@:." 7NC@task1_day2_confidenceHSBY_122PB4 7NC@task1_day2_2HSBY_12z@<0" 7NC@task1_day2_1HSBY_12@<0" >BOC@task1_day2_confidenceHSBY_32N@4 >BOC@task1_day2_2HSBY_3@:." >BOC@task1_day2_1HSBY_3@:." h/}NC@task2_day2_confidenceHSBY_271PB4 NPOC@task1_day2_confidenceHSBY_233PB4 NPOC@task1_day2_2HSBY_23@<0" NPOC@task1_day2_1HSBY_23b@ <0" h/}NC@task2_day2_3HSBY_27P@<0" h/}NC@task2_day2_2HSBY_27 Only the temperature changes. \0" h/}NC@task2_day2_1HSBY_27@<0" gzNC@task2_day2_confidenceHSBY_263PB4 gzNC@task2_day2_3HSBY_26@<0" gzNC@task2_day2_2HSBY_26b@<0" gzNC@task2_day2_1HSBY_26@<0" 8OC@task1_day2_2HSBY_31|@<0" 8OC@task1_day2_1HSBY_31&@<0" +NC@task2_day2_confidenceHSBY_221PB4 HwNC@task2_day2_confidenceHSBY_252PB4 uNC@task2_day2_confidenceHSBY_192PB4 HwNC@task2_day2_3HSBY_25@<0" HwNC@task2_day2_2HSBY_25D@<0" HwNC@task2_day2_1HSBY_25@<0" K~qNC@task1_day2_confidenceHSBY_83N@4 K~qNC@task1_day2_2HSBY_8:." K~qNC@task1_day2_1HSBY_8Z@:." NC@task1_day2_confidenceHSBY_152PB4 5kNC@task1_day2_confidenceHSBY_43N@4 5kNC@task1_day2_2HSBY_4no bloody ideaJ." LVAL d 0(zThe more albedo added on the albedo slider, the lower the global temperature is.When the sun reflects back out into space, it helps keep the temperature stable, thus being an input to the system, and allowing life to grow. The output of fossil fuel burning from the factory contributes to the rising temperature and greenhouse gases. The carbon atoms moving in and out of the ocean and atmosphere are also feed back loops. The more albedo, the lower the temperature goes, and it decreases very suddenly. The relationship between temperature and changes in albedo is very clear, and changes in the graph occurr almost immediately. When the sun reflects onto the ocean and I don't knowWhen You increase the amount of albedo it blocks all the sunlight from being absorbed and the temperature decreases but when you decrease the amount of albedo more het is absorbed, therfore the temperatue increases.atmosphere and terrestial ( photosynthesis and respiration) atmosphere and ocean (absortion adn release) human inpact (land use and fossil fuel burning) it is a model of the carbon cycle and the greenhouse effectthe more clour cover, the warmer the air in the atmosphereWhen the light is trying to escape, but is reflected back in?The global temperature decreases when the albedo is high, as it reflects back more sunlight and thus not as much is absorbed. If the sunlight is high and the albedo is low, then more sunlight is absorbed. however, if the albedo is high most of it is reflected back. The global temperature drops as the albedo increases. When the albedo decreases, the temperature goes up. As more light bounces off the surface, the ground absorbs less so the air doesn't rise and therefore less heat is produced.Carbon dioxide and oxygen via trees; Rain cycle with clouds and the ocean; Fossil fuels and carbon dioxide; Radiation entering and being reflected by the albedo, then back to the earth by the carbon dioxidetLVAL  @ vz0Cloud cover affects the earth's temperature- the less there is the hotter the earth gets. Sun brightness increases earth's temperature. More albedo means a decrease in earth's temperature (the sunlight is being reflected back into space). The less ice the more sunlight absorbed into the ocean, which warms it up and speeds up the melting of ice, resulting in less albedo and increased temperature. The more sunlight absorbed, there is the less cloud cover which results in increased temperature. When there is less cloud cover, the temperature increases further forming a feedback loop. It fluctuates, but the temperature decreases with more cloud-cover. This is because it stops the sunlight from hitting the earth? Or something to do with moisture :DFeedback loops happen when a section of the graph is repeated again and shown after. Some feedback loops that exist in the Climate Mode with Feedback include: the trees and sheep which stay the same, and the carbon within the oceans and atmosphere loop. The temperature goes down dramatically, but the carbon content stays consistent. The temperature then drops further but at a much slower rate.When the cloud cover has increased and the albedo is increased, less rays are able to pass through, and into the Eaths surface, thus cooling the Earth. As the cloud cover increases, the global temperature decreases.the temperature decreases as the albedo increases. The melting of the ice caps, as ice reflects back 90% of the heat, whereas when the ice is melted - turning into water- over 90% of the sun's heat is absorbed. the change between the temperature and due to the amount of radiation leaking out.The temperature decreases as the albedo is increased. The more albedo there is, the more of the sun's heat is reflected back into the atmosphere, rather than absorbed by the Earth.Feedback loops in the model include: - CO2 (atmospheric to ocean)and oxygen through photosynthesis - Sunlight/albedo - Rain/ H2O$y4^{" = D o * G t / Jax1He5L}$NC@task2_day2_2HSBY_9 @:." NC@task2_day2_1HSBY_9&@:." TkWOC@task2_day2_confidenceHSBY_32N@4 TkWOC@task2_day2_3HSBY_3X@:." TkWOC@task2_day2_2HSBY_3x@ :." TkWOC@task2_day2_1HSBY_3@ :." e|NC@task1_day2_confidenceHSBY_142PB4 e|NC@task1_day2_2HSBY_14@<0" e|NC@task1_day2_1HSBY_14@<0" KNC@task2_day2_confidenceHSBY_233PB4 KNC@task2_day2_3HSBY_23@<0" KNC@task2_day2_2HSBY_23@<0" KNC@task2_day2_1HSBY_23(@<0" fffNC@task1_day2_confidenceHSBY_62N@4 fffNC@task1_day2_2HSBY_6@:." fffNC@task1_day2_1HSBY_6@:." hNC@task2_day2_confidenceHSBY_122PB4 hNC@task2_day2_3HSBY_12@<0" hNC@task2_day2_2HSBY_12h@<0" hNC@task2_day2_1HSBY_12@<0" $NC@task1_day2_confidenceHSBY_173PB4 $NC@task1_day2_2HSBY_17@<0" $NC@task1_day2_1HSBY_17@ <0" iNC@task2_day2_confidenceHSBY_182PB4 iNC@task2_day2_3HSBY_186@ <0" iNC@task2_day2_2HSBY_18@ <0" iNC@task2_day2_1HSBY_18@ <0" }'NC@task2_day2_confidenceHSBY_74N@4 }'NC@task2_day2_3HSBY_7D@ :." }'NC@task2_day2_2HSBY_7x@:." }'NC@task2_day2_1HSBY_7@:."  NC@task1_day2_2HSBY_10H@<0"  NC@task1_day2_1HSBY_10@<0" 'NC@task2_day2_confidenceHSBY_83N@4 'NC@task2_day2_3HSBY_8@:." 'NC@task2_day2_2HSBY_8:." 'NC@task2_day2_1HSBY_8@:." )NC@task2_day2_3HSBY_11@<0" )NC@task2_day2_2HSBY_11@<0" )NC@task2_day2_1HSBY_114@<0" .NC@task2_day2_confidenceHSBY_203PB4 >OC@task2_day2_confidenceHSBY_51N@4 >OC@task2_day2_3HSBY_5@ :." >OC@task2_day2_2HSBY_5z@ :." >OC@task2_day2_1HSBY_5J@:." ƇNC@task1_day2_confidenceHSBY_182PB4 2NC@task1_day2_confidenceHSBY_91N@4 2NC@task1_day2_2HSBY_9@:." 2NC@task1_day2_1HSBY_9@:." OOC@task1_day2_confidenceHSBY_23N@4 _B{ OC@task2_day2_confidenceHSBY_152PB4 _B{ OC@task2_day2_3HSBY_150@<0" LVAL  d R j" HH2The more infared rays are reflected off the clouds. Feed back loops in the model include the change in temperature, carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, carbon in the ocean, trees and the sheep.The more albedo is added the temperature decreases. The more albedo there is the more reflective the atmosphere becomes therefore the sun's rays hits the earth and bounces off instead of being trapped and making the earth warmer.This model shows how different aspects affect what feedback loops occur. It also shows the factors of the environment which affects the global temperature.The sun's rays, the movement of carbon atoms, the fossil fuels. When there is more cloud cover, the temperature becomes much more stable, and fluctuates slightly. It gradually decreases in temperature. to sea the model and the feedback.It gets very 'blue' and the CO2 is absorbed into the ocean. The less clouds there are, the more energy rays are passing through. Cloud cover, albedo, sun brightness.If there is a high level of albedo, the temperature is much lower as more of the sun's rays are reflected back into space, therefore not heating the earth's surface. The lower the albedo, the higher the temperature, as a result of this effect. Cloud cover is a major factor in temperature levels. When more of the sun's rays are reflected, less rays hit the earth making it cooler.High cloud cover decreases the temperature, while low cloud cover increases the temperature. The sun is a main source of heat, so when the clouds filter the sun's rays from the earth the earth is significantly cooler.The albedo effect and how temperatures are effected when cloud cover and albedo are increased. When the cloud cover is at the maximum, conditions are stable, however it is an inhabitable environment. (The albedo effect)Temperature rises with less cloud cover, as there is nothing to reflect the heat, and decreases with more cloud cover, as cloud cover is a form of albedo.LVAL \D | $output is temperature and the input is sunlight and infraredThe temperature decrease as cloud cover increases and the opposite happen when cloud cover decreases. This si because cloud cover blocks the amount of sunlight that reachs the surface of the Earth and therefore less air is heated up.-Sun hitting the Earth's surface, albedo occuring, Infared rays boucing back into space, warming/cooling of the Earth - Fossil fuel burning, trees take in CO2, release oxygen -Sun outputs heat, Earth absorbs heat and reflects some backThe higher the albedo, the lower the global temperature. This is because more light is reflected off the Earth's surface back into space, therefore not as much is absorbed into the Earth, meaning the global temperature is less than if the albedo was lower. The aim of this model is to find out the effect of variables such as albedo and cloud cover on the temperature of the world.The rain cycle is altered due to the increased cloud cover, leading to large amounts of rain.The global temperature gradually decreases as the cloud cover increases, as the it prevents the heat and light from the sun from reaching the earth.the rise in albedo and decrease in temperature causes the environment to go cold, thus increasing the albedo ratio as the surrounding environment grows colder and thus more reflective. Some of the infra-red rays which were reflected by the ocean are then reflected back by the clouds. These rays then become absorbed by the ocean or are reflected again. the temperature decreases as the albedo rises. the temperature increases as the albedo lowers. To see how cloudcover, sun brightness and albedo changes the global temperature. Also too see and identify feedback loops that are observed.the more cloud cover there is the lower the temperature as it reflects back sunlight and thus less reaches the earth. The less cloud cover there is then the more sun reaches the ground and the world is warmer. tLVAL v v The global temperature drops as a result of less cloud cover. With more cloud cover, there is less sunlight reaching the earth which means the earth's temperature increases. Photosynthesis cannot be carried out effectively and there is an excess of CO2 and greenhouse gases which increases the temperature.The key idea of this model is to show the relationship between the albedo, sun-brightness and cloud-cover on the global temperature and how they are all related. It also shows how the effects of one aspect affects another.Tye clod cover depends on the sun-brightness, because no matter how much cloud cover there is, it doesn't matter if there is no sun light. Therefore, if there was no cloud cover, the temperature is supposed to go up rapidly, but because there is no sun, the temperature just continues to go down.Cloud cover affects global temperature in the way the more cloud cover, the lower the temperature. The less cloud cover, the higher the temperature. With minimal cloud cover, the temperature can reach -100 degrees Celcius, wihle the maximum cloud cover can heat the earth to over 67 degrees Celcius. This is because with less cloud cover, more light is able to heat the earth, while more cloud cover can block light, therefore reducing heat. The key ideas about this model is to understand that the Earth will repeat cycles, looping. How the weather affects the cycles. The carbon content in both the atmosphere and oceans remains similar and the temperature spikes when the cloud cover meter is changed.When there is less cloud cover, the temperature of the earth goes higher as there is no barrier between the rays of the sun and earth's surface. The opposite is also true, as when there is more cloud cover, less of the sun's rays penetreate the Earth's atmospherical sphere. To show the feedback loops when one element of the model is changed. It also shows the change in temperature and how it is affected when an element of the model is changed.y4b2 I  L  w  M  x 1 H_tJcGL}8P#OC@task2_day2_confidenceHSBY_311PB4 ųQOC@task4_day2_confidenceHSBY_43N@4 ųQOC@task4_day2_4HSBY_4@:." ųQOC@task4_day2_3HSBY_4@:." ųQOC@task4_day2_2HSBY_4@:." ųQOC@task4_day2_1HSBY_4@:." 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NC@task2_day2_1HSBY_6@:." = ףOC@task2_day2_confidenceHSBY_131PB4 = ףOC@task2_day2_3HSBY_13@<0" = ףOC@task2_day2_2HSBY_13@<0" = ףOC@task2_day2_1HSBY_13@<0"  NC@task1_day2_confidenceHSBY_104PB4 INC@task2_day2_confidenceHSBY_213PB4 INC@task2_day2_3HSBY_21@<0" INC@task2_day2_2HSBY_21h@<0" INC@task2_day2_1HSBY_21d@<0" )NC@task2_day2_confidenceHSBY_112PB4 VOC@task2_day2_confidenceHSBY_243PB4 VOC@task2_day2_3HSBY_24@<0" VOC@task2_day2_2HSBY_24P@<0" VOC@task2_day2_1HSBY_24t@<0" NC@task2_day2_confidenceHSBY_91N@4 NC@task2_day2_3HSBY_9@:." VLVAL , ( R &The key ideas are idenitfying the changes in temperature as a result in changes in carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, sun brightness, cloud cover and albedo.When the cloud cover changes, the feed back loops that occur are the changes in temperature, carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and carbon in the ocean.The more cloud cover there is, the temperature decreases. The cloud cover blocks the sun's rays from reaching the earth, making the temperature cooler.The relationship between clouds and the temperature of the Earth.The carbon in the atmosphere and the sunlight rays and the infrared rays.The overall temperature increases when there is less cloud cover because the clouds stop and repel heat from the sun entering the earth's atmosphere, therefore more heat can enter and this warms up the earth. However, when there is more cloud cover, more heat is being repeled and less heat are entering, so the temperature decreases.to show how cloud cover affects infra-red rays and sunlight distribution. in addition to this, we are able to see how the albedo ratio affects the temperature.more infra-red rays being reflected back onto the earth due to increased cloud cover there is less sun coming in and heating the earth due to the increased cloud coverthe temperature rises as the cloud cover decreases the temperature decreases as the cloud cover increasesThe ideas of this model is to measure global warming, and increase the human impact upon the carbon cycle and observe the results.The way the suns heat reflects into the atmosphere and reflects back?When you increase the cloud cover more sun rays are reflected by the clouds to be absorbed by the earth so the temperature decreases but when you decrease the cloud cover the sun rays are allowed through to be absorbed by the earth and the temperature increases. -Temperatures rising and falling as a result of cloud cover, albedo (light) and its relationship with CO2.Feedback loops include: -Sunlight/albedo -CO2 nLVAL N ~  $The temperature changes with the amount of cloud cover. If there is less cloud cover, the temperature gets higher, as the sun's rays are more intense. If there is cloud cover, this will result in a cooler temperature as the sun's rays are being somewhat blocked.Feedback is when you obtain information through observation. For example, when my goldfish died I made the observation and commented on its deceased status. The feedback in the model is recorded in a graph with different coloured lines showing temperature, CO2, C02 in oceans, trees and sheep.The temperature can be stabilised by reducing the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, as carbon dioxide traps in heat therefore warming up the earth.Increases in carbon dioxide raise the temperature of the globe. The sun's brightness, amount of CO2, albedo rate and cloud cover all affect the earth's temperature, either making it colder or warmer.When the heat enters the atmosphere, and there is no cloud cover, the heat is then outputted in the same proportions they are inputted. (Idea 2) When the sun rays hit the earth's surface, the ground absorbs some of this heat. (Idea 3) If there are lots of heat from entering from the atmosphere, large amounts of heat are looped in and out, while if there are less heat due to cloud cover, not much heat is looped in and out.The more cloud cover there is, the colder it is as the clouds stop the sun's heat from entering the atmosphere. With less cloud cover, the sun enters abundantly heating the atmosphere.To observe the effects of changing the environmental factors of the earth The temperature goes down when there is a large amount of cloud cover because the clouds absorb the heat and reflects it away so it does not reach the ground.The input is the sunlight and the output is the co2. When albedo is increased the temperature goes down because the ice on the surface of the ocean deflects the light and its heat, therefore, cooling the earth down. :LVAL| V @ 4\~d- That cloud cover affects feed back systems and how much heat and light reaches the earth and is absorbed, which in turn affects temperature-The Sun sends heat waves to the Earth but the heat is blocked and absorbed by the clouds -When you reduce the cloud cover, you let my heat get abosrbed, which results in increase in global temperatureThe more cloud cover there is, the lower the global temperature goes. The cloud cover acts as a barrier between the Sun and the Earth's surface. When there is less cloud cover, there is more sun rays reaching the Earth's surface. Cloud cover can also cause rain, thus, meaning cooler weather.The feedback loops in the relation between cloud cover and global temperature.One of the feedback loops that exist in the operating model is the effect of the cloud cover on the global temperature. The global temperature becomes mores stable before decreasing as the cloud cover increases. Likewise, as cloud cover thins, the global temperature rises dramatically.The feebacks loops which exist in the Climate Model include CO2s, albedo and the sun's radiation reflecting from the earth's surface. The temperature drops steadily due to the increase of albedo produced in the atmosphere. feedback is when the change of the albedo rate affects the temperature to rise or decrease however there comes a time when the temperature stablilises and does not chang. this is due to the adaptation of the weather system.depending on the albedo rate either the earth takes in the suns rays or reflects it220 GtC carbon dioxide 13 sun brightness 0.30 albedo 38% cloud coverwhen carbon dioxide in the atmosphere rises, temperature becomes unstableI think the key ideas are that if one aspect is changed, everything else changes in some way, such as temperature, sun-brightness and cloud cover.CO2 affects the temperature sunbrightness affects the temperature albedo affects the temperature cloud cover affects the temperature they all interrelate and affect each other.y4rB Y  p ) s  v / F q*AXDo(?l'D7OC@task4_day2_2HSBY_19"Lowering of fossia amounts to 0.^0" 7OC@task4_day2_1HSBY_19$@<0" < YOC@task4_day2_confidenceHSBY_91N@4 < YOC@task4_day2_4HSBY_9:@:." < YOC@task4_day2_3HSBY_9@:." < YOC@task4_day2_2HSBY_9p@ :." < YOC@task4_day2_1HSBY_9@ :." >iOC@task4_day2_4HSBY_18@<0" >iOC@task4_day2_3HSBY_184@<0" >iOC@task4_day2_2HSBY_18@<0" >iOC@task4_day2_1HSBY_18@<0"  YOC@task4_day2_confidenceHSBY_111PB4  YOC@task4_day2_4HSBY_11"@<0"  YOC@task4_day2_3HSBY_11@<0"  YOC@task4_day2_2HSBY_11"@<0"  YOC@task4_day2_1HSBY_11&@<0" !8OC@task4_day2_4HSBY_6@:." !8OC@task4_day2_3HSBY_6@:." !8OC@task4_day2_2HSBY_6@:." !8OC@task4_day2_1HSBY_6@:." a3]OC@task4_day2_confidenceHSBY_131PB4 a3]OC@task4_day2_4HSBY_13@ <0" a3]OC@task4_day2_3HSBY_13b@ <0" a3]OC@task4_day2_2HSBY_13@ <0" a3]OC@task4_day2_1HSBY_13@ <0"  AOC@task4_day2_confidenceHSBY_123PB4  AOC@task4_day2_4HSBY_12|@ <0"  AOC@task4_day2_3HSBY_12@<0"  AOC@task4_day2_2HSBY_12@<0"  AOC@task4_day2_1HSBY_12@<0"  COC@task4_day2_confidenceHSBY_152PB4  COC@task4_day2_4HSBY_15@<0"  COC@task4_day2_3HSBY_15@<0"  COC@task4_day2_2HSBY_15D@<0"  COC@task4_day2_1HSBY_15@<0" (\OOC@task1_day2_confidenceHSBY_302PB4 OC@task1_day2_confidenceHSBY_112PB4 8OC@task1_day2_confidenceHSBY_311PB4 3(NC@task1_day2_confidenceHSBY_263PB4 3(NC@task1_day2_2HSBY_26*@<0" 3(NC@task1_day2_1HSBY_26@<0" oiNC@task2_day2_confidenceHSBY_142PB4 oiNC@task2_day2_3HSBY_14@ <0" oiNC@task2_day2_2HSBY_14@ <0" oiNC@task2_day2_1HSBY_14H@ <0" 7NC@task2_day2_confidenceHSBY_161PB4 7NC@task2_day2_3HSBY_16@ <0" 7NC@task2_day2_2HSBY_16@ <0" 7NC@task2_day2_1HSBY_16L@<0" < NC@task1_day2_confidenceHSBY_161PB4 < NC@task1_day2_2HSBY_16 @<0" < NC@task1_day2_1HSBY_16@<0" LVAL( &  ~jV^the concept of feedback operates in this model through the input of carbon dioxide, heating of the earth and therefore output of more energy.by removing greenhouse gases from the atmosphere the temperature flat linesthe increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide also increases global temperature and causes the earth to heat up.I'm not sure exactly what feed back is. I am giving you feedback right now.We give what we take, therefore we feed the back.The global temperature increases can be limited to only a few degrees by changing the slides to a suitable amount of which I am unsure of.When you decrease the atmospheric carbon dioxide it doesen't stay constant. Feedback is when an action causes consequences, either good or bad. Teachers give feedback to students as a way of telling students what they can improve on and what they are doing well in. The more carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, the higher the temperature. Because it takes quite a while for the global temperature increases to affect the whole Earth. The more CO2 in the atmosphere the more infrared rays are reradiated back into the atmosphere. These infrared are heat, and they warm up hte atmosphere. CO2 is a greenhouse gas. Greenhouse gases trap as much heat (infrared rays) as possible. When the output from one part of the system becomes the imput for another part. In this case, it is the albedo and the changing temperature. When the output from one part of the system becomes the imput for another part. In this case, it is the albedo and the changing temperature. By reducing Co2 in the atmosphere.The carbon dioxide reflects the outgoing infrared heat and so when it bounces back, it heats up the earth. some feedback loops include carboon dioxide and trees where carbon dioxide is produced by sheep and fossil fuel where as it is als a input for trees.as the albedo increases the global temperature goes down, as albedo goes down the global temperature rises. LVAL  8  P\(nGlobal temperature increases can be limited to only a few degrees as the heat that passes through the Earth is dispersed over the vast planet, making the temperature similar worldwide.The carbon dioxide alters the amount of heat that is reflected and kept within. The readings stay mostly the same.Feedback is where when something occurs, it is levelled out. For example when there are more students in the school, a teacher and class is created to level out the increase of students, and to lessen the crowded classes.The ratio between the suns rays coming in and being reflected is changed, but this is counteracted by the rise in temperature. This levels out any change.The feed back loop levels out the termperature, which means that the temperature will not continously rise or continuously decrease. The global temperature increases can be limited if we counteract the increase, by reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The more atmospheric carbon dioxide there is, the more the temperature, until it levels out again. Positive feedback is when A produces more B which in turn produces more A. While negative feedback is when A produces B which in turn destroys A.Positive feedback within is the accumilation of radiation and temperatureGlobal temperature increase are limited to only a few degrees by negative feedback? Limited supplies of carbon as we are in a closed environment.The more carbon dioxide there is in the atmosphere, the higher the temperature gets, as CO2 is a greenhouse gas resulting the heating of the earth.feedback is when there is more energy being put into the earth's atmosphere than the outgoing amount. this difference results in the heating up of the earth. this heat then radiates more energy away from the earth, minimising the difference between the incoming energy and the outgoing energy. for example, in order to lose weight, you must burn more kilojoules than you eat.LVAL n4  N :Feedback is when something is imput into something and there is also an output in response to that input.As atmospheric carbon dioxide increases, global temperatures also increase. This is because the carbon dioxide gases form a blanket around the Earth and retain more of the heat that tries to escape back into space.Feedback is the input and output in a system. An example of this is the heat from the sun being reflected by the Earth. The sun's heat is the input and the reflection of the rays is the output.The sun sends heat to the Earth which is then reflected back, creating a feedback system.However, albedo and cloud cover levels interfere with the system.Not all infared rays are reflected back to Earth. The changes are very gradual.The more atmospheric CO2 there is, and greenhouse gases, the rays that have already been reflected by the Earth, are reflected back into the Earth's surface and get absorbed. Increases in CO2 in the atmosphere mean that less heat is able to leave the Earth's atmosphereThe concept of feedback is related to the inpout and output of the climate model, wherein the output of a system is also a part of the input into the said system. For example, when temperature is changed, it affects the ratio of reflected sun- radiation to that absorbed, which in turn affects the temperature, continuing on in a cycle.Feedback operates in this model. It is displayed by the incoming heat and the expelling radiationThe more carbon dioxide there is, the temperature increases and vice versa. This is beacuse CO2 has a greenhouse effect in the Earth's atmosphere.Feedback is the resulting information when something is being measured. This can be shown by graphs, print or photos comparing two or more different changes.The concept of feedback that operates in the model is that, although the different slides can be changed, the world will still return to a stable state, even if (for example) all the albedo is removed. y5rB Y  ) Z  @ < mE`D[?V:Ɲ OC@task4_day2_1HSBY_16@<0" ԥOC@task4_day2_confidenceHSBY_173PB4 ԥOC@task4_day2_4HSBY_17.@<0" ԥOC@task4_day2_3HSBY_17,@<0" ԥOC@task4_day2_2HSBY_17h@<0" ԥOC@task4_day2_1HSBY_17@<0" )OC@task4_day2_confidenceHSBY_221PB4 )OC@task4_day2_4HSBY_22*@<0" )OC@task4_day2_3HSBY_22X@<0" )OC@task4_day2_2HSBY_22 @ <0" )OC@task4_day2_1HSBY_22@ <0" }ǦOC@task4_day2_4HSBY_30<0" }ǦOC@task4_day2_3HSBY_30<0" }ǦOC@task4_day2_2HSBY_30<0" }ǦOC@task4_day2_1HSBY_30@<0" OC@task4_day2_confidenceHSBY_282PB4 OC@task4_day2_4HSBY_28t@<0" OC@task4_day2_3HSBY_28@<0" OC@task4_day2_2HSBY_288@<0" OC@task4_day2_1HSBY_28@<0" }OC@task4_day2_1HSBY_26@<0" HyOC@task4_day2_confidenceHSBY_51N@4 HyOC@task4_day2_4HSBY_5@:." HyOC@task4_day2_3HSBY_56@:." HyOC@task4_day2_2HSBY_5@:." HyOC@task4_day2_1HSBY_5@ :." ƇOC@task4_day2_confidenceHSBY_72N@4 ƇOC@task4_day2_4HSBY_7.@ :." ƇOC@task4_day2_3HSBY_7@ :." ƇOC@task4_day2_2HSBY_7@ :." ƇOC@task4_day2_1HSBY_7It heats up the temperatureW." sOC@task4_day2_confidenceHSBY_101PB4 sOC@task4_day2_4HSBY_10@ <0" sOC@task4_day2_3HSBY_10@<0" sOC@task4_day2_2HSBY_10@<0" sOC@task4_day2_1HSBY_10@<0" )F C@task4_day2_4HSBY_2.@:." )F C@task4_day2_3HSBY_2@:." )F C@task4_day2_2HSBY_2&@:." )F C@task4_day2_1HSBY_2<@:." OC@task4_day2_confidenceHSBY_202PB4 OC@task4_day2_4HSBY_20@ <0" OC@task4_day2_3HSBY_20&@<0" OC@task4_day2_2HSBY_20@<0" OC@task4_day2_1HSBY_20@ <0" g:bOC@task4_day2_confidenceHSBY_142PB4 g:bOC@task4_day2_4HSBY_14@<0" g:bOC@task4_day2_3HSBY_144@<0" g:bOC@task4_day2_2HSBY_14@<0" g:bOC@task4_day2_1HSBY_14 @<0" >iOC@task4_day2_confidenceHSBY_182PB4 7OC@task4_day2_4HSBY_19@<0" 7OC@task4_day2_3HSBY_19@<0" DLVAL x &>R$nThe more co2 in the atmosphere the higher the temperature gets. This is because the co2, a greenhouse gas, stops the sunlight from escaping the earth and reflected back into space. This results in the earth heating up. It is the relationship between the input and output. An example is like a bank. If you add money in and not spend it will go up but if you put money in and use the same amount then it would be 0 money and if you put money in but use more than you have then it would be negative. it is telling us how the temperature changes according to the input and output of sunraysIt takes a long time to change the temperature ALL around the world I think feedback is when everything continues one after another as a result of a change. There is a chain reaction in this model, how everything operates in a circle until all the factors have evened out. If the amount of sunlight heating the planet is controlled, there will not be significant temperature changes. The more carbon dioxide, the higher the temperature. It rises and then evens out. Eating ice cream. The ice cream is eaten because its cold, but it is eaten, it melts and is no longer cold. Also the sun's heat melts the ice cream.One thing affects the other, but when it changes it affects to first thing again.The temperature fluctuates between day and night anyway, so it takes a long time for both temperatures, in the day and night, to increase together.The more carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, the more of the sun's heat is reflected in the atmosphere, heating the earth. This is called the greenhouse effect.Heat radiation from the sun is an imput into the Earth and heats the Earth. This heat also escapes through the Earth's atmosphere back into space. The amount of excess of carbon dioxide or greenhouse gases in the atmosphere is not enough to trap an amount of heat radiation enough for causing a large change in the global temperature. Also, life on earth cannot withstand extreme changes in temperature.LVAL P T tThe global temperature increase can only be limited to a few degrees because the earth reflects radiation, as well as release warmth. atmospheric carbon dioxide warms up the earth as it reflects back the sun's rays onto the earth like a greenhouseThe temperature increases in both situations (where the carbon is increased as well as decreased). When the carbon is decreased, the temperature rises because there is nothing to stop the heat from coming in. When the carbon is increased, the temperature rises because the infra red radiation that is released from te oceans stays in. Feedback is when the output becomes input in a system. E.g. food is the input (when you eat it) and the waste is excreted from the system. It is the food i.e. the input in another form. Feedback is shown when the sun rays are the input and infra red rays are the output.If fossil fuel burning stops the amount of carbon in the atmosphere is smaller. Global temperature increases can be limited if a new equilibrium is reached.As atmospheric carbon dioxide increases global temperatures decrease. It produces a greenhouse effect that reflects radiation.when co2 is increased the drops and rises of the temperature goes rapid.Positive: A results in B which in turn results in more A Negative: A results in B which limits A Example: You don't know how to answer a question -> stress, panic -> makes it harder to solve the question due to the stress. Positive feedback is when it increases the change, negative is when it decreases the change. Difference between input/output? The temperature increase on earth is limited because of the negative feedback which reduces the change. An example of positive feedback is the ice caps melting which results in more water and more sunlight absorbed by the water which heats up the oceans and melts the ice caps faster. Less producing CO2 - less burning of fossil fuel. Negative feedback reduces the change. BLVAL ~ ^ 2 .dThe concept of feedback is the ratio between the amount of the sun's rays and the global temperature.The concept of feedback applies to this model as it shows the sun's rays effect on the temperature as well as other aspects (such as carbon level in the ocean and atmosphere) in the model.Global temperature increases can only be limited to a few degrees as all of the average temperatures from around the world have to be included in this measurement. Thus, the coldest temperatures of the earth have to be factored in with the hottest temperatures resulting in a small global temperature increase.Changes in the atmospheric carbon dioxide affect global temperatures because the temperature increases as the levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide increase. This is because the carbond dioxide gas traps the heat of the sun in the earth's atmosphere.The concept of feedback is when one variable is changed which affects another variable. The second variable being changed again affects the first variable. One example that I've experienced is when I annoy my brother, he gets mad, and so he annoys me, and now I'm being annoyed. The model illustrates how one variable can affect and change the temperature. These changes can also result in the modification of the first varibale.The change in global temperature is very gradual because it is on a very large scale. Therefore it takes a longer time for the changes in the atmosphere to affect the whole planet.The changes of the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere results in the gradual increase in the global temperature with a few slight drops. The carbon dioxide in the atmosphere traps the heat resulting in warmer temperatures.Feedback is the relationship between the albedo and the global temperature. For example, when the albedo increases, the glbal temperature decreases. When the albedo turns white, the red lines representing radiation is reflected of the surface and the red dots lessen. When the albedo turns black, there is more red dots. .y4r+B Y  = T k & W \,E\m&QVBxC@task1_day3_confidenceHSBY_52N@4 xC@task1_day3_2HSBY_5@ :." xC@task1_day3_1HSBY_5@ :." |ݨOC@task4_day2_4HSBY_80@:." |ݨOC@task4_day2_3HSBY_8 @:." |ݨOC@task4_day2_2HSBY_8@:." |ݨOC@task4_day2_1HSBY_8@:." 7OC@task4_day2_confidenceHSBY_193PB4 }OC@task4_day2_confidenceHSBY_213PB4 }OC@task4_day2_4HSBY_21<0" }OC@task4_day2_3HSBY_21@<0" }OC@task4_day2_2HSBY_21^@<0" }OC@task4_day2_1HSBY_21P@<0" }OC@task4_day2_4HSBY_26<0" }OC@task4_day2_3HSBY_26The concept of feedback V0" }OC@task4_day2_2HSBY_26@<0" 8OC@task4_day2_confidenceHSBY_271PB4 8OC@task4_day2_4HSBY_27J@<0" 8OC@task4_day2_3HSBY_27@ <0" 8OC@task4_day2_2HSBY_27@ <0" 8OC@task4_day2_1HSBY_27F@<0" !8OC@task4_day2_confidenceHSBY_62N@4 `!8OC@task4_day2_confidenceHSBY_311PB4 `!8OC@task4_day2_4HSBY_31@<0" `!8OC@task4_day2_3HSBY_31@<0" `!8OC@task4_day2_2HSBY_31Z@<0" `!8OC@task4_day2_1HSBY_31d@<0" 2TvOC@task4_day2_confidenceHSBY_233PB4  OC@task4_day2_confidenceHSBY_32N@4  OC@task4_day2_4HSBY_3@:."  OC@task4_day2_3HSBY_3@:."  OC@task4_day2_2HSBY_3@:."  OC@task4_day2_1HSBY_3@:." #OC@task4_day2_confidenceHSBY_241PB4 #OC@task4_day2_4HSBY_24p@ <0" #OC@task4_day2_3HSBY_24@ <0" #OC@task4_day2_2HSBY_24P@ <0" #OC@task4_day2_1HSBY_24F@<0" dOC@task4_day2_confidenceHSBY_293PB4 dOC@task4_day2_4HSBY_29f@<0" dOC@task4_day2_3HSBY_29@<0" dOC@task4_day2_2HSBY_29@<0" dOC@task4_day2_1HSBY_29@@<0" DOOC@task4_day2_confidenceHSBY_252PB4 DOOC@task4_day2_4HSBY_25Z@<0" DOOC@task4_day2_3HSBY_25@<0" DOOC@task4_day2_2HSBY_25@<0" DOOC@task4_day2_1HSBY_25@<0" Ɲ OC@task4_day2_confidenceHSBY_162PB4 Ɲ OC@task4_day2_4HSBY_16@ <0" Ɲ OC@task4_day2_3HSBY_16x@<0" Ɲ OC@task4_day2_2HSBY_16l@<0" LVAL ^ x 8 vz:Feed back loops occur when part of the output of a system becomes an input to the system. There are various examples, one of which is the albedo and the temperature which is changed due to the amount of sunlight and how much of it is refracted as infrared. Another example is the cloud cover and the temperature.When one specific aspect of the model is altered, another aspect is altered along with it as a response.Even if the atmospheric carbon dioxide increases seemingly without an end, the global temperature only reaches a temperature close to approximately 60 degrees celcius. When the atmospheric cabon dioxide rises, the global temperature rises, therefore when the atmospheric carbon dioxide decreases, the global temperature decreases. Feedback is when the object goes back to a state of equilibrium no matter what the variables and variations are. An example of feedback loops is when you eat something and then release it from your system your food becomes your input and your waste becomes your output but your body remains in equilibrium. The solar radiation comes in whilst the infared goes out and leaves the erath in a state of equibrilium no matter what the temperature is. The amount of carbon dioxide molecules in the atmosphere's change should be minimal. The sun's brightness could remain stable and the albedo should remain stable as well for a minimal change in global temperature. The carbon dioxide acts as a blanket and reflects some of the infared rays back to the earth. Infared rays are the heat so therefore if there are a lot of carbon dioxide molecules in the air it will reflect more infared rays back towards the earth and therefore the earth will get hotter.The concept of feedback is when you recieve The concept of feedback operates by the input and output of the model.Because there is a lot of surface area of the earth. There is more to heat u.Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas, so higher levels of carbon dioxide cause the Earth's temperature to rise. As shown in the model.LVAL R 6 xThe concept of feedback operates in the model through the input and output of sunlight and infra-red respectively. Global temperature increases can be limited to only a few degrees, because amount of atmospheric carbon dioxide varies. Also, the amount of carbon being absorbed by the oceans and trees can change the atmospheric carbon dioxide.Changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide affect global temperatures, because more atmospheric carbon is being added to the system. This leads to higher temperatures. The feedback is something that has an input and an output like the sun's reay and the infrared rays.The input of the model are the sun's rays and the output are the infrared rays. The clouds, carbon and the ozone layer all affect the amount of heat that comes into the earth and therefore the increase of the global temperature is limited to only a few degrees. However, the clouds can reflect both the sun's rays and the infrared rays whilst carbon can only reflect infrared rays.Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas, which means that it traps heat in the Earth's atmosphere, so the more carbon dioxide there is in the atmosphere, global temperatures increase.The concept of feedback is the amount of effort you put in is the amount of effort you get. An example would be, the more effort I put into my assignmnet, the more marks I'm gonna get out of it.The heating of the Earth is due to the input of sunlight and the output of carbon dioxide. The Earth is a very big area so it requires time for the blanket of carbon dioxide to trap the heat and create the greenhouse effect. This process is gradual because it requires a lot of carbon dioxide to get the desired effect.The carbon dioxide in the atmosphere remains the same unless fasiil fuels are added into the atmosphere.Carbon dioxide has a natural cycle that it goes through so unless something is added, it shall remain the same.LVAL  > J RThe wind is being carried around- the hot air rises, cools down and goes back down, and continues in a cycle. The heat from the land and sea duffuse to the air above. The hot air becomes less dense and rises. After using fossil fuel the temperature above the land is more than the temperature above the sea. This is because the ocean absorbs the heat, and does not radiate it back as infrared, while the earth does. The sea absorbs incoming solar radiation and there is minimal outgoing radiation while the land is the opposite. Feedback is when there is more energy coming into the earth than going out, so the temperature rises. Because the temperature is higher, more energy is radiated back out into space, until the amount being radiated back out returns to being the same amount as the energy coming in.When you increase the amount of the sun's rays coming into the earth, the temperature increases. This increase causes more energy to be radiated back out into space, until the balance between the energy coming in and going out returns to what it was originally.Global temperature increases can be limited to only a few degrees by removing greenhouse gases.When there is more atmospheric carbon dioxide, the global temperature is higher. This is because the carbon dioxide reflects heat back into the earth's surface stopping it from reaching space.Feedback is portrayed as a cycle of input and output through CO2, sunlight, cloud cover and processes like photosynthesis.Sun-brightness and cloud cover should be equal.Increasing the input of atmospheric CO2 causes a widespread variation in temperature whereas a decrease in atmospheric CO2 causes a faster and more frequent variation.reduce carbon dioxide can limit the global temperature from its variating differences in temperature.Feedback is the concept of different inputs and outputs that respectively operate in nature. One example is input and output of sunlight and infra-red respectively. LVAL XThe sea can absorb and manipulate the temperature while the land reflect most of the rays.The land is hotter which heats up the air above it. Hot air is lighter than cold air, so the hot air rises. The hot air is 'pushed aside' by the hot air behind it. The air gets cooler as the air gets higher. The now cold drops as it is heavier, then is 'pushed aside' by the cool air beside it and is heated again. This happenes in a cycle.The temperature on the top of the land is hotter than the ocean since the land heats up faster. The land also retains more heat than the sea.Hot air rises and cold air sinks, so the heat particls travel in circles, rising to the sky where it becomes colder. This causes the particles to sink, before being heated more as they reach the land and rising again. This causes a convection current. The temperature above land is more than the temperature over the ocean after using fossil fuel. This is because the burning of the fossil fuel creates trapped heat. This heat rises and heats up the land, but the ocean heats up slower so it becomes colder in the water than it is over land, which absorbs the heat faster. Basically, the land heats up much faster than the sea.The dust is rising where the air is warmer (where the sun is heating the land) and hot air rises but towards the ocean, the environmet is cooler and less dense therefore the hot air falls back down as cool airthe land is heating up faster than the sea and therefore the air around the land where fossil fuel is burning is heating up fasterThe heat rises upwards as that is the nature of heat and this is above land, shown in the graph. The temperature above sea is not as high as the waters absorb the heat. The land is solid therefore when the heat is absorbed, it remains in there. Water is less dense and therefore it is easier to pass through for the heat. As water is also reflective the form of ice, it probably still has the same properties when in liquid form.y4v: Q n ' > W  r + BYr-F]x3P k$a~C@task2_day3_1HSBY_8@:." q2IC@task1_day3_confidenceHSBY_173PB4 q2IC@task1_day3_2HSBY_17@ <0" q2IC@task1_day3_1HSBY_17@<0" {GC@task2_day3_confidenceHSBY_52N@4 {GC@task2_day3_3HSBY_5@:." {GC@task2_day3_2HSBY_5H@ :." {GC@task2_day3_1HSBY_5@:." qGC@task2_day3_confidenceHSBY_63N@4 qGC@task2_day3_3HSBY_6@:." qGC@task2_day3_2HSBY_6H@:." qGC@task2_day3_1HSBY_6@:." C@task1_day3_confidenceHSBY_113PB4 C@task1_day3_2HSBY_11@<0" C@task1_day3_1HSBY_11$@<0" 1_7C@task1_day3_confidenceHSBY_163PB4 1_7C@task1_day3_2HSBY_16@<0" 1_7C@task1_day3_1HSBY_16@<0" U`7C@task1_day3_confidenceHSBY_71N@4 U`7C@task1_day3_2HSBY_7@:." 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TLVAL  D vbbvThe albedo is decreasing the temperature because the uv rays are being reflected. When the carbon is increased, becasue of fossil fuels, the temperature increaases. There is also less being reflected when there is more carbon in the atmosphere. The main property is the carbon dioxide because its the one that makes the difference between whether the temperature is hotter, or cooler. This also depends on how much fossil fuel we use.The albedo is decreasing the temperature because the uv rays are being reflected. When the carbon is increased, the temperature increaases because there is more heat and less is being reflected. The warm air rises, forcing the cold air down. This is a cycle, as there is sunlight shining on the ground, warming up the ground and the air above the ground, causing it to rise. The ocean absorbs more heat/sunlight than the land - absorbing 90% of the sunlight. The land heats up faster than water, therefore the land is warmer than the temperature above the oceans after using fossil fuels. Convection occurs in this model as the difference in temperature over the land and sea results in a convection current, as shown with the dust particles. The heated air particles over the land cool down as they move over the sea, and then back over the land. This then becomes a cycle which is repeated constantly.Because land absorbs heat faster than the seaConvection occurs in this model with the greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. As the land heats up, the hot air rises, and as it gets further away it cools and falls, thus making a convection cycle that continuously moves in a circle.Because the ocean is a larger body and thus takes longer to heat up, even though it absorbs more heat. However, the land reflects more infared back but heats up faster because there is less of it.The hot carbon dioxide rises and the higher it gets, the cooler the atmosphere. this results in the carbon dioxxide coming back down. This is how convection occurs in the model.LLVAL *~ \ hpThe particels in the air get heated up and push the colder air next to it downwards, creating a cycle - which is convection.Fossil fuel use, albedo, convection.the albedo and the fossil fuel usageThe convention occurs in the moving particles in the atmosphere, with the land heating up the particles, thus making them have lower density than the air around them and rise and forcing cold air to replace it.The temperature on the top of the land has a different temperature than over the ocean after using fossil fuels as it increases the effect of the land reflects a lot of the infared back, while the ocean absorbs more and and emits less, thus making the temperature different.Convection occurs in this model because we can see heat convection being stimulated here. The pink circles represent the heated air particles and the blue circles represent the cooler air particles. As the fossil fuel use increases, the number of heated air particles over the land increase, affecting the cooler air particles that circulate towards them.The temperature on top of the land is different to that over the ocean after using fossil fuel because the land heats up faster than the sea.As the land is heated up, the dust particles which are representing the wind, they move away from the land because the warm particles are lighter and the cool particles are heavier. Therefore, signs of convenction occur. Because the land heats up quicker than the sea, as the fossil fuels trap in more heat, the land is absorbing the heat quicker than the ocean is. Convection occurs in ths model as the sun heats up the earth, causing the warm air to rise, and the cooler air from the ocean comes in to replace to warm air and it just becomes a cycle called a Convection current.The temperature on the top of the land is different to that over the ocean after using fossil fuel because the land heats up faster than the sea and the sea absorbs the temperature slower and also remains more constant in temperature. LVAL h j bJ*Albedo levels as the ratio that gets reflected to the ratio that is absorbed is very important.Burning of fossil fuels causes tempratures of the land and sea to rise, causing the air of to move faster. The convection current is caused beacause the land heats up faster than the sea. The main property of the system is the changes in temperature caused by the amount of fossil fuels burnt. The area and the speed of the convection current are dependant on the temperature, so when the amount of fossil fuels burnt is increased and the temperature rises, the convection current becomes a lot faster and smaller.When the fossil fuel usage is very high along with a low albedo, the air molecules heat up very quickly, causing the temperature to rise. This causes convection current to occur in a much smaller area. The colder air is pushed by the warmer air over the ocean creating colder temperatures above the sea and warmer temperatures above the land.The more fossil fuel there is, the higher temperature above the land and sea. The air heats up and there is a convection current. The more albedo there is, the lower temperature above the land and sea. The air cools down and there is no convection current. - Once fossil fuel is increased, the temperature increases dramatically and disturbs the convection current. - Once albedo is increased, the temperature decreases dramatically and the temperature of the air is cooler. There isn't a convection current. to show how albedo affects the fossil fuel's imapct on the temperature. This means that in different regions of the world, the impact of fossil fuel usage varies, even if the usage is the same.the fossil fuel usage causes the sea and land temperatures to rise (assuming the albedo is less than 1), although the land heats significantly faster than the sea. albedo affects how much the land and sea heat up - the higher the albedo, the lower the temperatures 6y4v/F w  O h ! 0 K  b{ KvF7h:]cC@task4_day3_2HSBY_11j@<0" ]cC@task4_day3_1HSBY_118@<0" UkجC@task4_day3_3HSBY_15@ <0" UkجC@task4_day3_2HSBY_15F@ <0" UkجC@task4_day3_1HSBY_15~@ <0" PC@task4_day3_confidenceHSBY_71N@4 PC@task4_day3_3HSBY_7N@ :." PC@task4_day3_2HSBY_7B@ :." PC@task4_day3_1HSBY_7@:." a~C@task2_day3_confidenceHSBY_83N@4 HyC@task2_day3_confidenceHSBY_133PB4 sC@task2_day3_confidenceHSBY_173PB4 sC@task2_day3_3HSBY_17D@<0" sC@task2_day3_2HSBY_17@<0" sC@task2_day3_1HSBY_17 @<0" cmC@task2_day3_confidenceHSBY_112PB4 cmC@task2_day3_3HSBY_11@<0" cmC@task2_day3_2HSBY_11~@<0" cmC@task2_day3_1HSBY_11@<0" HyC@task2_day3_3HSBY_13@<0" HyC@task2_day3_2HSBY_13@<0" HyC@task2_day3_1HSBY_13@ <0" GWC@task2_day3_confidenceHSBY_162PB4 GWC@task2_day3_3HSBY_16@<0" GWC@task2_day3_2HSBY_16Fossil fuel use.N0" GWC@task2_day3_1HSBY_16@<0" CeiC@task2_day3_confidenceHSBY_183PB4 CeiC@task2_day3_3HSBY_18@<0" CeiC@task2_day3_2HSBY_18@<0" CeiC@task2_day3_1HSBY_18@<0" ;WPC@task2_day3_confidenceHSBY_72N@4 ;WPC@task2_day3_3HSBY_7@:." ;WPC@task2_day3_2HSBY_7 The albedoF." ;WPC@task2_day3_1HSBY_7@:." OC@task2_day3_confidenceHSBY_123PB4 OC@task2_day3_3HSBY_12@<0" OC@task2_day3_2HSBY_12@<0" OC@task2_day3_1HSBY_12@<0" @MC@task2_day3_confidenceHSBY_91N@4 @MC@task2_day3_3HSBY_9@:." @MC@task2_day3_2HSBY_9@:." @MC@task2_day3_1HSBY_9@:." !8C@task2_day3_confidenceHSBY_43N@4 !8C@task2_day3_3HSBY_4@:." !8C@task2_day3_2HSBY_4@:." !8C@task2_day3_1HSBY_4 @:." oSLC@task2_day3_confidenceHSBY_142PB4 oSLC@task2_day3_3HSBY_146@<0" oSLC@task2_day3_2HSBY_14@<0" oSLC@task2_day3_1HSBY_14@<0" a~C@task2_day3_3HSBY_8x@:." a~C@task2_day3_2HSBY_8@:." LVAL 4 B P <The more fossil fuels used the warmer the temperature of the sea and land are. However, the higher the albedo is the lower the temperature becomes (as it reflects more of the sun's rays, preventing them from warming up the earth). The model shows how factors like the fossil fuel use and albedo can influence the temperature above and below the sea as well as the average of that. Albedo is a natural occurence that is something of a safety for the Earth, should it ever overheat, taking the temperature down dramatically in only a little amount of time.The graph on the left hand side is used to create the patterns observed in the model. By measuring the temperatures at different levels within the Earth's boundaries, it shows the difference among them. It also clarifies the relationship of each area, for example: the temperature above ground is higher due to less resistance but also how heat rises. When the albedo is low, and the fossil fuel is high, the temperature (all three measures) spike and maintain that heat. However, when the albedo is taken up by a fair amount, the temperature drops to rock bottom. The albedo is something of a barrier between the Earth's mantle and it's atmosphere, which is largely affected when the heat rises due to factors like fossil fuels.to determine the convection currents through fossil fuel use and albedo level.the balance is dependent on the albedo. when albedo rates are low then the patterns increase in speed and are quick to rise in temperature- if albedo rate is very high, the dust heat up less rapidly - there is less outgoing infrared radiation in ratio to solar radiation-that the ocean heats up slower than the land -this cause the air particles and gases in the air in a convection cycle -albedo levels affect absorbtionLess is being absorbed by the ocean and thus more is being reflected back into the atmsophere; the temperature dropping on both the land and in the sea. Another thing noticed is the convection mcycle of greenhouse gases speeds up.XLVAL hN $ HHzThe changes in the system's albedo and fossil fuel usage affects the patterns that you see emerging in the model because the thicker the albedo layer is, the less infrared radiation is absorbed, thus the temperature will be cooler.How the heat convection of the earth is affected by albedo and fossil fuel usage.The changes in albedo and fossil fuel affect the patterns of heat convection. The amount of albedo and fossil fuels can make the cold particles transform into heat particles and move toards the earth's surface. The key ideas about this model is the temperature difference between the land and the sea, the balance of the temperature depending on the albedo, the convection current caused by this temperature difference, the effect of fossil fuel burning on the temperature, and the sea-breezes caused by the difference in temperature between the land and sea.The main property of the system that creates the patterns is the temperature and heat particles. The more fossil fuel burned, the higher the temperature. The higher the albedo, the less the temperature changes, as more of the heat is reflected back into the atmosphere. The fossil fuel and albedo balance each other, so that the temperature does not change as much. - It is to see the relationship about albdo levels and fossil fuel use - it shows what happens to the air when cold air and warm air meets - The main idea is to watch the 'dust' which shoes the air movement.- the air warms up and floats away from the land - the cold air moves in a circular motion - less infrared rays are being absorbed into the ocean and land - more rays are bouncing back outTo observe and see the changes in temperature as the albedo and fossil fuel useage changes. Also to see and conclude patterns in convection. By changing the fossil fuel useage and albedo levels it affects the temperature, as shown as the graph where it displays all the changes in temperature on the land and above the sea and also the average.  LVAL>0 * V L | 8 Bv0:LWe are able to see the concept of Emergence in the model, as when we speed it up, we are able to see a pattern forming.The concept of emergence is here because the heated air rises and this creates the current when cool air rushes down to replace it. The heated air can be as a result of fossil fuels. The more heated up the air is, the stonger winds and storms will be.The concept of emergence aplies to this model because the convection currents aren't already there. It emerges from the model to prove the wind and storm theories.When the air heats up above the land, it rises and the cool air comes down to replace the rising air. This creates winds and storms becasue the air that is coming down to replace it is winds.Emergence is when you can't see any specific routine in little scales however when you step back and look at the bigger picture, you can see a pattern starting to formAt a micro scale you can't see any pattern forming from the air and the movement of air. HOWEVER, at a macro scale you can see that it is forming a circular formWhen the air is warmed up, it is lighter therefore it floats around quicker creating wind!How both fossil fuels and the albedo creates wind and how it affects the weather and temperature. These two aspects of the model also cause convection in the air.The main property of the system that creates the patterns in this model is how much fossil fuel is used.If more albedo is added the fossil fuels heat is reflected out of its atmosphere therefore the particles in the air is not convected.The effect of fossil fuels and albedo on convection currents and the earth's release and absorbtion rates.Fossil fuel use, albedo effect and convection currents (winds) Changes in the system's albedo minimises the effect of fossil fuels.The key idea of this model is to visually present the effect of fossil fuels and the albedo layer on the temperature of the atmosphere.The main property is the fossil fuel which creates a pattern, also known as a convection current.LVAL ^ They form when the air travels through the atmosphere in a circular motion and moves in the same direction.Emergence is the forming of a pattern from a series of smaller, seemingly unrelated events/objects. One example of this is when the weather changes drastically, many people become ill with the common cold. This is an easily perceptible pattern.The convection currents caused by the warm, less dense, expanding air being replaced by colder, more dense air results in what we would call winds. Storms are caused by the dust and other particles such as water rising with the expanding air, condensing, and then falling back to the earth.The concept of Emergence is when individual particles do not form the pattern that they can achieve as a mass. For example, on a graph, though a pattern may be linear, the results are not perfectly along the line. These individual results are the micro scale but when there are more results, the pattern forms (the macro) and then the line of best fit. The relation between animals' mass and the amount they must eat.The concept of Emergence applies to the wind and storm model due to the miniscule particles floating in the air. On the micro scale (close up), these individual particles do not seem to follow the normal circular pattern, however, on the macro scale (far away) as a body they move and form a circular pattern.Winds form due to the heating and cooling of air with convection currents, gaining heat from the equator and cooled from the poles (due to the poles being further away from the sun and the albedo effect). As well as due to the land, heating up more easily that Storms are also formed by winds, usually by cold fronts due to sudden (cold) winds entering a warmer area. This warmer area holds a large amount of water and when it is forced up quickly (due to heavier, colder winds) it condenses faster and creates clouds, usally cumulonimbus. "y4^6 g  ? X  [  + \u.Yp)@Ct:uC@task4_day1_confidenceHSBY_572PB4 uC@task4_day1_4HSBY_57@<0" uC@task4_day1_3HSBY_57z@<0" uC@task4_day1_2HSBY_57 0 GIC/yearH0" uC@task4_day1_1HSBY_57@ <0" f[C@task4_day3_confidenceHSBY_42N@4 f[C@task4_day3_3HSBY_4l@:." f[C@task4_day3_2HSBY_4^@:." f[C@task4_day3_1HSBY_4Z@:." -CC@task4_day3_confidenceHSBY_142PB4 /C@task4_day3_confidenceHSBY_133PB4 /C@task4_day3_3HSBY_134@<0" /C@task4_day3_2HSBY_13@<0" /C@task4_day3_1HSBY_13@<0" )gPC@task4_day3_confidenceHSBY_182PB4 )gPC@task4_day3_3HSBY_18@<0" )gPC@task4_day3_2HSBY_18B@<0" )gPC@task4_day3_1HSBY_18t@<0"  ߬C@task4_day3_confidenceHSBY_161PB4  ߬C@task4_day3_3HSBY_16(@<0"  ߬C@task4_day3_2HSBY_16Z@<0"  ߬C@task4_day3_1HSBY_16@<0" -CC@task4_day3_3HSBY_14@ <0" -CC@task4_day3_2HSBY_14@<0" -CC@task4_day3_1HSBY_14R@<0" mѬC@task4_day3_confidenceHSBY_83N@4 mѬC@task4_day3_3HSBY_8B@:." mѬC@task4_day3_2HSBY_8 @:." mѬC@task4_day3_1HSBY_8@:." @ϬC@task4_day3_confidenceHSBY_173PB4 @ϬC@task4_day3_3HSBY_17D@<0" @ϬC@task4_day3_2HSBY_17@ <0" @ϬC@task4_day3_1HSBY_17v@<0" UkجC@task4_day3_confidenceHSBY_152PB4 <+ɬC@task4_day3_confidenceHSBY_123PB4 <+ɬC@task4_day3_3HSBY_12@<0" <+ɬC@task4_day3_2HSBY_12t@<0" <+ɬC@task4_day3_1HSBY_12@<0" CZC@task4_day3_confidenceHSBY_51N@4 CZC@task4_day3_3HSBY_5:@:." CZC@task4_day3_2HSBY_5X@:." CZC@task4_day3_1HSBY_5\@:." 6ƬC@task4_day3_confidenceHSBY_91N@4 6ƬC@task4_day3_3HSBY_9&@:." 6ƬC@task4_day3_2HSBY_9(@:." 6ƬC@task4_day3_1HSBY_9@:." (rƬC@task4_day3_confidenceHSBY_62N@4 (rƬC@task4_day3_3HSBY_6@:." (rƬC@task4_day3_2HSBY_6@:." (rƬC@task4_day3_1HSBY_6D@:." ]cC@task4_day3_confidenceHSBY_113PB4 ]cC@task4_day3_3HSBY_11B@<0" .LVAL  V dP8RThe concept of Emergence refers to the patterns in particle movement and how this will affect the weather in turn. The individual particles in the air appear to be moving in a random direction, but as a mass the particles are moving in a circular motion. Convection makes large sections of air move in one direction which creates winds. The carbon dioxide in the air makes the wind warmer and more powerful and so it moves it creates a storm.It's where air is moved and formed and creates a system where heat is trapped. A pattern emerges from the system as a result of the heat.Warm air rises, and cold air rushes in to replace the warm air. That is wind. The more heat, the more wind. The warm air condenses as it reaches a higher altitude, as its cooler, and creates clouds. Rain forms, and sometimes storms form with it. Emergents are when patterns emerge at a macro level (many together), although it may not seem distinguishable at a micro (individual)level. An example would be writing a single letter- even though the single letter doesn't make sense by itself it forms words and sentences that do. It applies to the wind and storm model because when you look at the tiny particles in the air- on the micro scale, individually, it's not distinguishable and they do not seem important but when looking at it on the macro scale, when all of them are together they form weather- like storms and wind. The hot air is less dense and can hold more moisture. This makes it rise. When cold air comes, it goes under the hot air (because it is more dense) and the hot air is pused up. When the hot air rises, it cools down and the moisture becomes rain, becoming storms. Winds form due to convection currents. Emergence is when air forms specifically around a particular area containing heat (in this diagram it is near the land as land traps more heat in. Emergence is when the air particles gather around the heat that is present at a particular spot. The particles around the area emerges as a pattern.NLVAL z(nThe heat particles are forced onto the wind and they then cause weather phenomena such as heat waves, winds and storms. I have been in a heat wave. Emergence is the heat particles that travel in wind and storms and they can force certain winds to go in westerly directions due to the pressure they have against the wind. Winds and storms form because of the movement of air currents in the atmosphere. Things that affect this are the amount of heat that the sun radiates, the amount of albedo and the amount of fossil fuels being burnt.On the micro level, the particles appear to be moving individually, however, on the macro level, a pattern is seen to be emerging.This pattern moves in a circluar manner and is a convection current.These currents create wind. This is how emergence (the emergence of a pattern within the particles) applies to wind and storms.Winds and storms are formed by the convention current caused by the heating and cooling of the particles and moving in a circular direction create wind and 'sea breeze'.Emergence is when there is no physical pattern when observations are made at a microscopic level, but when it is observed at a macro level, the pattern emerges. In the model, there is no visible pattern at a microscopic level, but because of the larger dust particles that are included, a pattern emerges.Winds and storms form when the land heats up into the air above it, which then expands and becomes less dense than the cooler air around it, causing it to rise. This air is pushed aside by the air beneath it. The air cools down and drops, as it's more dense, and is then heated again by the land, and the cycle starts again. This convection current is a wind or storm.Emergence is when an element of a cycle doesn't appear to be following the pattern but all the elements as a group are moving in the same way. One example is on a train, people inside the train may not be walking in the same direction but they, all as a group, are moving to the same place. LVAL J P,,It goes up gradually rather than all at once. Animals and trees die faster. There's more CO2 in the atmosphere and in the ocean.hot water and cold water mix to become luke warm waterwhen the cool air and the hot air change forms winds form through convection cycles (so when the earth heats up because of the solar radiation the air partcles rise up and moves towards the oceans, when this happens the cooler air molecules become dense and drop to the surface) When this cool air moves in a north easterly direction this is windThe concept of Emergence is when air forms a pattern, due to the difference in temperature in certain areas. Example: Beaches There is constantly a breeze because the air above the beach sand is warm and the ocean is cooler creating a cycle of air, aka convection current/wind.Wind and storm is related to the concept of Emergence because both models relate to warm air rising and cold air replacing it. Winds form due to convection, when the warm air from the land rises due it being less dense compared to the air above the ocean, the cooler air from the ocean replaces the rising warm air and it creates a cycle known as 'wind'. Storms form when the land is warm and the air is humid, and the warm and humid air rushes upwards, causing the humid air to condense and form rain, and a storm is formed.Emergence is when a pattern 'emerges' from a system. For example, when at a train station when people alight the train, a mass of people get off and move towards the ticket gates, while a new group of people board the train, causing a circular pattern to 'emerge'. This pattern can be seen if viewed in fast motion over a long period of time.The particles form a circular pattern, which 'emerges'. This pattern 'emerges' from the system when examined at a large scale with small particles being tracked.Winds and storms form when the convection current becomes stronger, and with more energy, the winds become stronger. Storms form when the hot air and cold air collide and move in masses.LVAL  D LdChemical gets released, ants can follow it to the food which is the input. At first the ants are exploring the area at random attempting to find food. When one has it leaves a chemical trail behind which the other ants are attracted to and are able to follow. The more ants with food, the stronger and larger the trail.- The chemicals the ants drop is an output that becomes an input, it comes out of the ant and becomes an input due to the fact that it's useful to the system - Ants, they go out and come back in with food - When ants poo, it is an output - and makes the soil more fertile. This means more food can grow in fertile soil which means the ants get more food which inputs energy into their system. - Food is outside, and then it goes inside- Smell - Following fellow ants - Exploring the area and find food by chance - When an ant finds food, it carrier is back to the nest, leaving a trial of chemicals as it moves. When other ants smell the chemical, they follow the chemical towards the source of food and then back to the nest reinforcing the chemicals.The chemical trail is a kind of feedback to the other ants so that they can find where the food isSo when the ants disperse in a circular motion that is closest to the nest and so when one ant finds food and returns, it drops a chemical trail along the way back to the nest which the other ants are able to sniff out and so can follow the trail to more food and so they are able to collect more food and then the cycle continues.The concept of dynamic equilibrium refers to the way one component relies on another to stay stable or do something.This concept applies to both models as they both show components reacting to the way others changed, for example, the wolf and sheep model showed that the wolf population depended on the sheep population. The CO2 model shows that the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere relies on various other components to stay stable.;y3r+V m  ) @ W  n ' >Ul%<SVm&=GC@task1_day1_2HSBY_440@<0" GC@task1_day1_1HSBY_44@<0" <+ɰC@task1_day2_2HSBY_60@<0" <+ɰC@task1_day2_1HSBY_60`@<0" 2T6C@task1_day1_confidenceHSBY_363PB4 2T6C@task1_day1_2HSBY_36@<0" 2T6C@task1_day1_1HSBY_36P@<0" #6C@task1_day1_confidenceHSBY_353PB4 #6C@task1_day1_2HSBY_35@<0" #6C@task1_day1_1HSBY_35$@<0" mC@task1_day2_confidenceHSBY_513PB4 '}ҰC@task1_day2_confidenceHSBY_422PB4 '}ҰC@task1_day2_2HSBY_42@<0" '}ҰC@task1_day2_1HSBY_42@<0" 2C@task1_day2_confidenceHSBY_583PB4 2C@task1_day2_2HSBY_58@<0" 2C@task1_day2_1HSBY_58@<0" x˰C@task1_day2_confidenceHSBY_572PB4 x˰C@task1_day2_2HSBY_57@<0" x˰C@task1_day2_1HSBY_57 @<0" z*C@task1_day2_confidenceHSBY_502PB4 z*C@task1_day2_2HSBY_50`@<0" z*C@task1_day2_1HSBY_50@<0" Qa*C@task1_day2_confidenceHSBY_523PB4 Qa*C@task1_day2_2HSBY_52^@<0" Qa*C@task1_day2_1HSBY_52@<0" (gC@task1_day1_confidenceHSBY_413PB4 (gC@task1_day1_2HSBY_41&@<0" (gC@task1_day1_1HSBY_41p@<0" 8$C@task1_day2_confidenceHSBY_562PB4 8$C@task1_day2_2HSBY_56t@<0" 8$C@task1_day2_1HSBY_56@<0" $C@task1_day1_confidenceHSBY_462PB4 $C@task1_day1_2HSBY_46@<0" $C@task1_day1_1HSBY_46@<0" |j"C@task1_day2_confidenceHSBY_542PB4 |j"C@task1_day2_2HSBY_54f@<0" |j"C@task1_day2_1HSBY_54j@<0" lC@task1_day2_confidenceHSBY_622PB4 lC@task1_day2_2HSBY_62@<0" lC@task1_day2_1HSBY_62H@<0" MC@task1_day2_confidenceHSBY_552PB4 MC@task1_day2_2HSBY_55@<0" MC@task1_day2_1HSBY_55@<0" MRݰC@task1_day2_confidenceHSBY_482PB4 MRݰC@task1_day2_2HSBY_48j@<0" MRݰC@task1_day2_1HSBY_48@<0" V)QC@task1_day2_2HSBY_61r@<0" V)QC@task1_day2_1HSBY_61@<0" mC@task1_day2_2HSBY_51@<0" mC@task1_day2_1HSBY_51@<0" LVAL 0The sheep eat the grass and the wolves eat the sheep/ The more sheep there are, the more wolves. The sheep do not eat all of the grass because there are never enough sheep to completely deplete grass numbers as the wolves are constantly eating them, and the grass is always growing. The wolves do not eat al of the sheep because there are more sheep than wolves and they keep reproducing because of the abundant food supply. The chemical trail The amount of food given lolthe ants find food by scattering out to different places until the find a food source. they run around until they find food. lol. they start by gathering food closest to the nest and finish with the foods furthest from the nest. They follow the chemical trail that other ants leave behind when they find food.They leave pathways as a guide to other ants. They seem to leave their sense of smell or release a kind of chemical which will alert the other ants of their discovery. The paths seem to draw in ants.Ants have senses and follow the smell and follow each other in to reach food. They also use touch to feel the food. They explore the area and by chance find food.They forage around the area around the nest for food when they find it they take it back to the nest and leave a chemical trail for other ants to follow Other ants follow the trail and get to the food and the more ants there are the stronger the trail The chemical is a signal for other ants. The lower the diffusion and evaporation rate, the easier and quicker the ants find food in a group. it means that the ants can sense the trail longer after the first ant found food.The output are the ants leaving the nest in search of food while the imput is them returning with the food, giving off information as to where the food they found is located. When the ants find the food they leave feedback behind, therefore making the trail larger and helping more ants find the trail. LVAL& B the ants leave chemicals, making the other ants follow it, making the trail bigger, and then more ants find the food.in the ant scenario the feedback loop is the food. the food was once not part of that ecosystem but once the ants start to collect the food it becomes part of the ants system.they walk around until one ant finda food and that ant then takes as much of that food as they can carry back to th enest leaving a chemical trail behind it. other ants follow the chemical trail to the food and then take more of it to the nest. the ants collect the food closest to the nest first as the chemical trail there is the strongest. then the ants will search for more food once that food source is depleted. it is harder to get food from further away as the is more time for the chemical to evaporate into the air.The sheep eat the grass, the wolves eat the sheep, and when the sheep population is small, the wolf population also decreases. This keeps everything in balance. The grass is responsible for keeping everything alive, so it's important that there's enough to sustain the sheep.The sheep don't eat all the grass because before they can, the wolves will eat them. The wolves don't eat all the sheep because the sheep reproduce faster than the wolves can eat them.The ants gather food from a food-pile and the chemical it releases attracts other ants to go to the pile. This is an example of a feedback loop because it occurs continuously to find other piles of food. Also, when an ant takes food and returns it to the colony, it repeats this action until a new pile is found.The ants find food by starting with the food closest to them, and move onto the food further away. The ants drop a chemical as they move, causing other ants to follow the chemical towards the food. The chemical trail has more time to evaporate the further away the food is. When more ants are finding food, they lead other ants towards the trail, where the food is.nLVAL .  rThere is a direct relationship between the grass, sheep and wolves. They all affect each other. The amount of living animals there are affect the amount of other living animals. For example, the rate of the grass growing depends on how many animals there are.In the beginning there is a higher initial number of sheep than wolves. The wolves also gain more from food than the sheep, and therefore do not have to eat as many sheep. The sheep do not eat all of the grass because the grass has a higher reproduction rate than the sheep.Output from the food in piles becomes the input of food into the food in the colony. The ants that find the food leave trails for the other ants which helps the other ants find the food. Thus making it a faster process.The ants find food by tracing the chemical trail that the other ants leave behind. The more ants there are to find food, the more chemical is released, attracting more ants and therefore more food is added to the colony. After all the food in the colony is GONE! then the ants return to the wild to look for food and the cycle repeats. 1. Ants spread out of their nest and once an ant finds food, it releases a chemical which attracts other ants and the more ants find the food, the stronger the chemical scent becomes, attracting more ants overall. They wander around, and then when one finds food, the others follow it, until it's all gone, and then they try to look for more food.- Output is the ants coming out from the nest to find food. - Input is the ants who have found food carrying it back to the nest. - Food, being brought back (input), food being consumed (output). - The chemical trail, output is the ants leaving the trail, input is the ants finding the trail again.- The ants first go foraging, and when one ant comes across food, it carries it back to the nest, dropping a chemical trail for other ants to follow. - They smell the food and follow the trail of the scent until they find the food.pLVAL  h nnDone is about ants, the other is about the climate. they both talk about feedback loops.The temperature fluctates as the clouds move. The more cloud cover there is, the lower the temperature goes. But the clouds also stop heat from going out.the sheep eats grass and the wolves eat the sheep. therefore if there is no grass then the food source for the wolves would die out. therefore all the life forms rely on the reproduction rate of the grassIt is an equal ecosystem with consistent regrowth of life that replaces the death of others. therefore its moves in a circular motion and it remains a stable environment.They relationship between the grass sheep and wolves is that they depend on each other for survival. Eg. grass grows, sheep eats grass, wolf eats sheep.The sheep do not eat all the grass because they don't require all the energy, and because the amount of grass stays the same because it is in a constant cycle of regrowing and being eaten. This is the same with the wolves and sheep.When the ants follow the chemical trail to the food, but end up not getting any since all the other ants are there too. When the ants find the food, they create feedback, which is the trail. This trail then leads the other ants to find the food too. A single forger ant searches for a food source, and once it finds that, it leaves a chemical food trail as it returns to the nest. Many other ants follow this food trails, leaving their own, which in turn strengthens the food trail so that faraway stray ants come, and help deport the food to the nest. The relationship between the three is like that of a mini food chain. Without one or the other, the whole thing eventually collapses, with the exception of the grass. Without the grass the sheep would die, and in turn the wolves would die out. The sheep and wolves die out before they get to eat all of their food. As the sheep population goes down, it's food source reproduces. This also applies to the wolves. y3ro( ? V  m & = T Ne|!8cz3Ja C@task2_day2_3HSBY_48@<0"  C@task2_day2_2HSBY_48@<0"  C@task2_day2_1HSBY_48h@<0" q\C@task1_day1_confidenceHSBY_453PB4 q\C@task1_day1_2HSBY_45@<0" q\C@task1_day1_1HSBY_45*@<0" ߼ZC@task1_day1_confidenceHSBY_431PB4 ߼ZC@task1_day1_2HSBY_430@<0" ߼ZC@task1_day1_1HSBY_43@<0" jYC@task2_day2_3HSBY_59<0" jYC@task2_day2_2HSBY_59<0" jYC@task2_day2_1HSBY_59<0" ]TC@task2_day2_confidenceHSBY_523PB4 ]TC@task2_day2_3HSBY_52@<0" ]TC@task2_day2_2HSBY_52"@<0" ]TC@task2_day2_1HSBY_52@ <0"  C@task1_day1_confidenceHSBY_333PB4  C@task1_day1_2HSBY_33:@<0"  C@task1_day1_1HSBY_33@<0" V)QC@task1_day2_confidenceHSBY_612PB4 qܰC@task2_day2_confidenceHSBY_531PB4 qܰC@task2_day2_3HSBY_53(@<0" qܰC@task2_day2_2HSBY_53X@<0" MC@task1_day1_confidenceHSBY_472PB4 MC@task1_day1_2HSBY_47@<0" MC@task1_day1_1HSBY_47@<0" ]nPC@task2_day2_confidenceHSBY_542PB4 qܰC@task2_day2_1HSBY_53@<0" ]nPC@task2_day2_3HSBY_54ummmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmY0" ]nPC@task2_day2_2HSBY_54@<0" ]nPC@task2_day2_1HSBY_54@<0" ͶJC@task1_day1_confidenceHSBY_403PB4 ͶJC@task1_day1_2HSBY_40f@<0" ͶJC@task1_day1_1HSBY_40@<0"  JC@task1_day1_confidenceHSBY_343PB4  JC@task1_day1_2HSBY_34N@<0"  JC@task1_day1_1HSBY_34 @<0" HֹC@task2_day1_confidenceHSBY_463PB4 HֹC@task2_day1_3HSBY_46@<0" HֹC@task2_day1_2HSBY_46@<0" HֹC@task2_day1_1HSBY_46B@<0"  CC@task1_day1_confidenceHSBY_393PB4  CC@task1_day1_2HSBY_39@<0"  CC@task1_day1_1HSBY_39@<0" E.@C@task2_day2_confidenceHSBY_571PB4 E.@C@task2_day2_3HSBY_57@ <0" E.@C@task2_day2_2HSBY_57the albedo effect thing.V0" E.@C@task2_day2_1HSBY_57>@<0" C@task1_day1_confidenceHSBY_384PB4 C@task1_day1_2HSBY_38@<0" C@task1_day1_1HSBY_38T@<0" LVAL J`  h JBThe whole chain relies on each other. The main component is the grass. If there is a lack of sheep, there will be more grass. If there is more sheep, there will be a lack of grass. If there is a lack of wolves, there will be more sheep and therefore there will be a a lack of grass. If there are more wolves, there will be a lack of sheep and more grass. This results in the wolves dieing out because there is no sheep for them to eat.The sheep do not eat all the grass because the regrowth rate of grass is higher than the reproduction rate of the sheep and wolves. Wolves eat the sheep which eat the grass. As the number of grass grows, more sheep reproduce which means more wolves. However, the sheep eat up the grass quicker and the wolves reduce the number of sheep. The sheep number are reduced, causing the grass to grow back. It is a never ending cycle. Sheep do not eat all the grass because they become full after a while and find different patches to graze on to allow the grass to regrow (shift cultivation). The wolves don't eat all the sheep because if they do then the sheep won't be able to breed more potential food. The first model was natual, and the second was manmade, and the result of human causes. A by product of the burning of fossil fuels is carbon dioxide, which is released into gas form in a heated state, which then rises into the atmosphere, increasing the overall amount f carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. The amount stays about constant. if this food chain is balanced then the wolves feed off the sheep which feed off the grass and the ecosystem will be balanced in population. but if there is extreme growth or loss in one of these species then it will affect all the other specieswith a balanced ecosystem, the wolves have sufficient amount of sheep to eat and yet they do not go extinct because there are enough sheep to be eaten as well as to reproduce and the same thing happens with the grass. LVAL NX  pthe more clouds there are the less of the suns rays can get into the atmosphere and warm up the earth. therefore the more clouds there are the coller it is and the opposite happens when there is less clouds.The sheep consume the grass and the wolf are the predators of the sheep. Its a cycle. When you decrease the re-production of the wolves more sheep survivive and when you increase the re-production of the sheep more grass is consumed. Though it is difficult to balance all the sections.1) Increase the sheep re-produce 2) Decrease the wolf re-produce 3) Incresse the grass-regrowth-time A main difference is that they are two different types of cycles, one about a food chain and the other about a carbon cycle. However, they are both similiar in the way that they are both cycles and when one factor is changed or altered, it affects the rest of the cycle/chain.i don't know what a feedback loop is. Sorry.The sheep depends on the grass to survive and the wolf depend on the sheep to survive. As grass is the primary producer its survival is important to the sheep and in turn important to the wolves. If there is the grass grows back too fast, the sheep multiplies too quickly. If there are too many wolves, the sheep dies out and in turn affects the wolves as there is no more food left for them.The sheep do not eat all the grass because the wolves control the population of the sheep and the sheep. As long as their is more grass than sheep, more sheep than wolves, then the food chain is balanced. THe less amount of cloud cover in the atmosphere results to a higher global temperatureThe temperature changes according to the amount of cloud cover. They are similar because they both change something... lol The termperature goes down. This could be because the cloud covers the sun's heat and prevents it rom warming up the earth. The clouds could possibly also cool down the earth as clouds are made up of water molecules. LVAL  8  nWhen you change the cloud cover it affects everything. Most of all the temperature, it increases when there is a decrease of cloud cover. When you change the amount of cloud cover the amount of The more cloud cover there is the more the global temperature is decreased. This is because more clouds means that less sun rays can get through, making the Earth cooler. As there The relationship between the three of the following; grass, sheep and wolves, act as an example of a basic food chain where the grass is the primary source, the sheep are the secondary source and the wolves are the top of the food chain and are dominant. However, all three things depend greatly on each other in order to sustain each other's population, and when one species' population decreases significantly, it would affect their predator's population to decrease as well, and its prey's population to increase.The sheep and wolves do not eat all of their source of diet: this relates to the amount of energy they obtain from their consumption of food. The higher the amount of energy the wolves gain from eating the sheep, the less sheep they must consume to restore the energy they use.Its a food chain that can be broken or changed if one aspect whether it may be the amount of grass, sheep or wolves change, affecting the other aspects.The wolves feed on the sheep who feed on the grass. The wolves could possibly be controlling their hunting habits to make sure that there's more to go around, while the sheep do this similarly with grass so that it will last in the long term.they are both chemical things this model is on a big scale and the oter one is on a small scalei dont know what a feedback loop is, but im gonna guess that it is carbon dioxide that we put into the atmosphere from burning fossil fuels. because the fossil fuels were in the ground and not effecting the ecosystem above but now their gases are polluting the atmosphereLVAL l  - UV turns into infra-red. - Carbon cycle, photosynthesis and respiration - Absorbtion and release of atmospheric and oceanic carbon.- The higher the amount of cloud coverage, results in a decrease in temperature, as the clouds reflect the UV rays which stops it being converted into heat rays. - The lower the amount of cloud coverage, results in an increase in temperature, as there are less clouds to reflect the UV rays, allowing the UV rays to reach the ocean/land boundary which converts the UV rays into infra-red 'heat'.Depending on the rate at which sheep/wolves reproduce and the amount of energy gain from the food, the different animals dominate the ecosystem. The rate of regrowth of the grass also affects the population of the sheep, if the grass regrowth time and sheep reproduction rate are at a certain level then the two can live in equilibrium in the system. However when the wolves are added into the equasion, the population of the sheep reduces dramatically due to the hunting of their species as the wolves are carnivores.The grass grows quickly after being eaten The rate at which the sheep reproduce is also quick Also the instinct of survival in animals is strong so they know that to survive they must leave at least some food so that it is able to regrow.Both are chain reactions and are limited to the number of materials in the program. None are created nor destroyed.cloud cover keeps everything constant besides the carbon dioxide.clouds also increase the c-oceans and increase in clouds is an effect of increased burning of fossil fuels. CO2 decreases as te cloud cover increases. everything else remains more constant The main difference between the two models is that one is about ants and the other is about climate. On the other hand both models give feedback. In the first model the ants gave feedback with a chemical trail. In the second model the climate gave feedback by ___. y4^u 1 \  s , W Z  >Ul%P g Kb2C@task2_day2_1HSBY_58\@<0" ,nC@task2_day2_confidenceHSBY_513PB4 |jC@task2_day2_confidenceHSBY_601PB4 |jC@task2_day2_3HSBY_60L@<0" |jC@task2_day2_2HSBY_60@<0" |jC@task2_day2_1HSBY_60,@ <0" ;WC@task2_day1_confidenceHSBY_413PB4 ;WC@task2_day1_3HSBY_414@<0" ;WC@task2_day1_2HSBY_410@<0" ;WC@task2_day1_1HSBY_41@ <0" .؂mC@task2_day1_3HSBY_37d@<0" .؂mC@task2_day1_2HSBY_37@<0" .؂mC@task2_day1_1HSBY_37x@<0" ڋC@task2_day1_confidenceHSBY_402PB4 ڋC@task2_day1_3HSBY_40@<0" ڋC@task2_day1_2HSBY_40>@<0" ڋC@task2_day1_1HSBY_40@<0" 5C@task2_day1_3HSBY_39@<0" 5C@task2_day1_2HSBY_39@<0" 5C@task2_day1_1HSBY_39@<0"  ̢C@task2_day1_confidenceHSBY_353PB4  ̢C@task2_day1_3HSBY_35@<0"  ̢C@task2_day1_2HSBY_35n@<0"  ̢C@task2_day1_1HSBY_35 @<0" XC@task2_day2_confidenceHSBY_562PB4 XC@task2_day2_3HSBY_56x@<0" XC@task2_day2_2HSBY_56F@<0" XC@task2_day2_1HSBY_56v@<0" ,nC@task2_day2_3HSBY_51@<0" ,nC@task2_day2_2HSBY_51@<0" ,nC@task2_day2_1HSBY_51.@<0" t C@task2_day2_confidenceHSBY_553PB4 栰C@task2_day1_confidenceHSBY_442PB4 栰C@task2_day1_3HSBY_44(@<0" 栰C@task2_day1_2HSBY_44p@<0" 栰C@task2_day1_1HSBY_44@<0" t C@task2_day2_3HSBY_55@<0" t C@task2_day2_2HSBY_55r@<0" t C@task2_day2_1HSBY_55@<0" KhoC@task2_day2_confidenceHSBY_503PB4 KhoC@task2_day2_3HSBY_50@<0" KhoC@task2_day2_2HSBY_50@<0" KhoC@task2_day2_1HSBY_50@<0" .؂mC@task1_day1_confidenceHSBY_373PB4 .؂mC@task1_day1_2HSBY_37 @<0" .؂mC@task1_day1_1HSBY_37@<0" <+ɰC@task1_day2_confidenceHSBY_601PB4 ffffC@task2_day2_confidenceHSBY_622PB4 ffffC@task2_day2_3HSBY_62@<0" ffffC@task2_day2_2HSBY_62@<0" ffffC@task2_day2_1HSBY_62@<0"  C@task2_day2_confidenceHSBY_482PB4 LVALPP~Z2The similarity is that they have a chain reaction where each element relies on another eg. if one element changes, it will affect the overall resultThis comes about because the burning of the fossil fuels results in extra carbon dioxide in the atmosphere whereas the number of trees is constant and therefore the rate of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is rising. So if the burning of fossil fuels stop, this means the output of CO2 into the atmosphere drops.After the fossil fuels burning has stopped, the atmospheric carbon numbers begin to drop. it is a cycle depending on the factors that highly influences the results. there are feedback loops. Sunlight comes into the atmosphere and parts get reflected back out. When the sunlight escapes, parts of get reflected in because of the cloud cover. How much is reflected back/in depends on cloud cover. More cloud cover = more reflection. Albedo effect - higher albedo = more reflection, so colder temperature.As cloud cover increases the global temperature decreases. This may be because clouds reflect heat back off the tops of clouds. This makes it harder for the sun's rays to enter and warm the earth via the albedo effect refelcting heat as longwave radiation. The lower the albedo the hotter it is as more heat is absorbed into the ground as opposed to being reflected when there is higher albedo. Vice versa, a decrease in cloud cover means higher global temperature since there is less reflection of sunlight from the clouds. (In the daytime this will occur) In the nighttime, however, the situation is reversed. More cloud cover will increase the global temperature since the heat is kept in from cloud-reflection so less cloud cover would mean a decrease in the global temperature since there are not as much cloud-reflection keeping the heat in. Insulation like the Greenhouse Effect, as clouds are mainly water vapour, and water vapour is a major greenhouse gas.Differences - One is closed on is open. Similarites - Both feature feedback loops.2LVAL .  LThis model is an open system and has more variables and elements to it. The ant model is simpler as there are not a lot of variables that can be changed, and it loops until the food runs out so it stops, but in the climate model it will run on forever as the cloud cover does not run out unless you change the bars.There is a feedback loop in the relationship between clouds and temperature. The larger the amount of cloud cover, the cooler it will be on earth, and vice versa.When there are high amounts of clouds drifting over the land mass, the temperature decreases. Due to the clouds reflecting the Solar Rays, the temperature on the earth will decrease. The clouds are causing these rays to bounce back out to space, hence less heat will be trapped on the earth and it will be cooler.In the first model it was a open model??? and the second one is a closed model. There was a larger variety of visual colour in the second model. Some similarities are that they are both interesting. They are also made out of code. A difference is that the ant one shows a theory/investigation/obtained reasearch where as the climate model feedback model shows the effect of a well known fact/fiction depending on where you stand, of what is going on in the climate cycle.It does not accurately display the affects of 100% cloud cover with the appropriate graphics, eg. the sheep should be deceased due to the fact that there is not enough sunlight coming through the cloud cover which would affect the grass and trees from growing and also the temperature has dropped drematically and so there should be a drop in numbers in all things except for cloud cover and the temperature also suggests that there should be a mini Antartica there.With more cloud cover it is suggested that the temperature falls in the day, but warms at night. This is due to the sunlight not being abe to penetrate the concentrated cloud cover and at night the cloud cover acts like a blanket covering the warmth and not letting anything out.LVAL r * \ VOutput - CO2 Input - temperature risesThe global temperature rises when there is less cloud cover, but when there is more cloud cover, the temperature decreases because the birghtness of the sun increases and more UV rays are let in to the atmosphere, since UV rays and infrared rays are bounced back off the clouds.The amount of atmospheric CO2 drops quickly at first then slows down.Every component of the cycle will depend on each other's changes.Fossil fuel burning emits large amounts of carbon dioxide, and as more fossil fuels are burnt, there will be more carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere. After the fossil fuel burning stops, the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmoshpere decreases. there is need to balance all the factors in the diagram for all things to be sustainable. if the thing is unbalanced then all things will eventually die. the first model is a small ecosystem but this second model represents our worldthe burning of fossil fuel increases the carbon in the atmosphere as well as the cabron in the ocean and the tree growth. it take a rather quick time for the carbon to increase compared to the time taken for the carbon to decrease.if the fossil fuel burning has stopped, the carbon in the atmosphere is lowered Differences: The carbon cycle shows the land, sky and the ocean, whereas the sheep one shows just on land. The carbon one shows the impacts of the sheep one. It shows the gases involved. Similarities: They both have time as a variable. They both have sheep and trees as a controlled variable. Both models show dependency on each other.The burning of fossil fuels releases more CO2 into the atmosphere. This is because the atmosphere has a higher carbon absorbtion rate than the hydrosphere, biosphere and lithosphere. When fossil fuel burning stops, the amount of atmospheric CO2 stays constant. When there fossil fuels are being burned, the amount of CO2 rises.LVAL ^*The main difference is that one involves animals and the other involves the atmosphere and carbon, but like the animals, the CO2 levels in the second model was dependant on other factors, and adjusting the amount of wolves was like adjusting the amounts of fossil fuels being burnt, adjusting the amount of sheep was similar to land usage and adjusting the grass regrowth was like adjusting landing clearance.The observed pattern came about after adjusting fossil fuel burning levels. We think it went down because we didn't use many fossil fuels, which releases carbon. It dropped dramatically at first because there wasn't any more carbon being used, but slowed when the old carbon cycled through the ocean and atmosphere. No matter where the carbon transfers to it always remains in the atmosphere or the earth, so after the quick decrease in C02 levels the C02 remains consistant because it is a permanent feature of the stmosphere or earth.In both graphs, the populaion of trees stayed around the same amount, however when the amount of carbon production was increased, the population of sheep gradually decreased. In all systems, when the CO2 was increased, the amount of carbon in the ocean also increased with the amount of carbon in the airBecause of the human contribution to the amount of carbon in the air, the oceans absorbed more carbon too. When carbon is produced by the humans, the amount of carbon in the air and oceans increase. While the fossil fuels were burning, the amount of CO2 in the air gradually increased, however when the amount of fossil fuel production was moved back to 0 (zero), the amount of CO2 in the air was stable and was staying in a certain boundary. As the amount of CO2 in the air increased, so did the amount of carbon that was absorbed into the ocean, but it returned to a stable number after the fossil fuels were stopped. Basically everything in the system stablised including the population of animals and trees as well as the amount of carbon absorbtion into the ocean.LVAL T tAs we increased the burning of the fossil fuels the CO2 levels in the atmosphere also increased which would mean that the burning of the fossil fuel itself contributes to most of the released carbon dioxide. After the fossil fuel stopped burning, so did the constant release of carbon dioxide and thus gradually decreasing the total amount of CO2 in the atmosphere.After the fossil fuel burning stopped, the atmospheric CO2 levels very gradually decreased.One has ants one has to do with climate change. This one is on a larger scale than the ant model. The climate change one has more factors to be considered.When there is less cloud cover, the sun's rays hit the Earth directly and heat up the ground very fast. This in turn heats up the surrounding air, raising the temperature. The clouds also block some of the in-frared rays from going back out into space. Differences-Ant model only has 1 variable affecting the changes -The climate model has many variables Similarities- Both models involve feedback systems - When there are more clouds, less solar radiation reaches the earth therefore the temperature is lower. However, if we increase the sun brightness, more solar radiation reaches the earth but is trapped by the heavy clouds.1. The global temperature decreases due to larger cloud cover as solar rays are reflected back into space by the top of the cloud instead of reaching the earth's surface. The subject matter is very different. Feedback loops are a similarity. In the first model, when there is no chemical trails, the ants cannot find the food. In the second model, if there is less cloud cover, more sunlight, UV rays and infrared light is able to penetrate to the earth's surface. When cloud cover is increased, temperature supposedly decreases. But infrared lights cannot escape either, so the earth actually warms. Then the rays warm the ocean, and the water evaporates to create more clouds. 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The CO2 is absorbed into the ocean at a slower rate when the fossil fuels aren't being burned. In both models, an ecosystem is represented in a closed cycle.In both they display dynamic equilibrium.It declines very gradually but vegetation reproduces at a faster rate.The amount of CO2 in the atmosphere slowly and very gradually decreases in amount.Both models are similar, where componenents in both models rely on each other, and if one of them is changed, then the whole environment it changed. However, for the differences, the first one was based in a smaller environment, with just animals, however in the second model, the living features (the trees and sheep) did not affect the results as greatly. Maybe this is because the second model is looking at the carbon cycle, while the first model looked at the balance of food chains.The pattern comes about as the fossil fuel being burnt, there is not a great amount being absorbed into the ocean. So the CO2 in the atmostphere increases. When the fossil burning is stopped, the CO2 level decreases slowly, as the ocean can only absorb a certain amount of carbon.The atmospheric CO2 suddenly increased very suddenly when the amount of fossil fuel burning increased, but when the fossil fuel stopped, the CO2 started decreasing, but at a slower rate then that off the initial spike.Both simulations have sheep. On a more serious note, both simulations are similar in the way that if one aspect is changed, it could affect the other aspects. (eg the decrease of sheep would decrease the amount of wolves. or the decrease of fossil fuel burning would decrease the amount of CO2 released into the atmosphere. They are different in the way that the second simulation shows more aspects being affected as one is changed, emphasising how one change could affect many other aspects on a greater scale.XLVAL br- The carbon dioxide was originally in the atmosphere, and since it is an dynamic equilibrium it naturally balances out.The fossil fuels are like the grass, it fuels the CO2/sheep which goes up as the amount of grass/burning goes up. The wolves are like the c-oceans which absorb the amount of carbon in the atmosphere or eat up the sheep. A main difference is that the amount of sheep recovered quickly whereas the amount of CO2 decreased really slowly. When humans burn fossil fuels, the amount of CO2 being released is massive. Even if we stop the burning, the amount of CO2 will go down slowly and take a really long time for it to get back to the level it used to be. After the fossil fuel burning had stopped, the CO2 in the atmosphere gradually declined (really slowly). However when the burning went up, the CO2 shot straight up. In both models, when you change a variable in the experiment, another part of the experiment is affected. However, it differs between one model and the other, in which in the sheep and wolves simulation, when one of the variables is changed, the all other variables are majorly affected. In the CO2 experiment, two of the variables (the CO2 level and c-oceans) are more interlinked together, separate from the other two: the trees and sheep. Relating to the fossil fuel amount that is burnt, the main two that are affected are the CO2 level and c-oceans, and the sheep and trees are only slightly, if not at all, affected.When the setting is set so that fossil fuels burn, the level of CO2 in the atmosphere rises significantly, even if the amount of fossil fuels burnt is quite small in amount. However, when fossil fuels are set so that it is not burnt anymore, the level of CO2 in the atmosphere only very slowly decreases. When fossil fuels are burnt, c-oceans also follow along to increase in carbon amount, and when fossil fuels cease to burn, c-oceans only follow to decrease a while after the level of carbon dioxide in the air has decreased.4LVAL L >*hxZ\2 GtC/Year if its 0 then it will fall. if its too high then it will affect the rest of the ecosystem and is not sustainabledynamic equilibrium is when the world is sustainable and when this world balances outwell, dynamic equilibrium is essential for all animals and trees to live.co2 in the atmosphere is rising at a steady rate.feedback = there is both output and input in the two models. The similarities between the models are that you can adjust the settings yourself and they both are equilibriams. Differences are that wolf-sheep one is based on nature and animals while the carbon cycle one is based on fossil fuels and CO2 levels.burning fossil fuels emits gasses and substances which then increases the amounts of C02, therefore burning more fossil fuels will increase the amounts of CO2 and stopping burning fossil fuels will decrease the amounts of C02When the fossil fuels stop burning the CO2 levels drop, and when amount of fossil fuels increase the levels of CO2 increase significantly.The level of carbon stays constant between the two. AT the begining the number of grass, sheep and wolves varied greatly, but over time the numbers became constant and were around the same amount.The concept of dynanmic equalibrum applies to the models because there is a nearly equal amount of carbon in the atmosphere and earth. The sheep have predators in both situations, in one it was natural (the wolf) and in the other it was manmade (C02). Although the burning of fossil fuels lead to the rapid growth of their As the CO2 levels rise, the sheep die out because of the excess CO2 in the air. These heavy amounts of C02 lead to the flourishing of the trees and their gradual increase in number especially in comparison to the sheep. The level of carbon in the atmosphere remains stable even though vegetation increases and therefore absorb more CO2 because during the elapse of time, more CO2 is produced. This cycles produces a stale mate situation where the CO2 level remains the same.LVALH nBxNo fossil fuel usage would be sustainable over the long term. Even if its just one or two gtc/year of fossil fuel usage, the about of atmospheric and ocean carbon increases.The amount atmospheric co2 increases. There is more atmoshperic CO2 then in the ocean. The absorbtion rate and release rate is similar. The rate in which the atmospheric CO2 and the ocean carbon is increasing is similar. The sheep carbon is decreasing and is very little. There aren't many trees.The similarities are the they are both located in a closed environment and they both monitor patterns and consequences of different circumstances. They differ in the way that the first model monitors the movemetn of ants and the different things in the model are relied on each other. The model on the second one however does not link the trees and the sheep to the rest of the environment and their population and numbers do not change at all. The clouds cause the heat to be trapped in the atmosphere which causes more clouds to be formed as the heat evaporates waters off the ocean's surface.The global temperature changes due to the amount of cloud cover. A lack of cloud cover results in higher temperatures. This is because the clouds reflect the sun's rays thus keeping the earth cooler. Water vapour is also responsible for maintaining the tesmperature.feedback = there is both output and input in the two models. eating carbohydrates from foods are digested and turned into simple sugar which the body converts into energy this energy is then used up and we eat again - An increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide means that there is a increase in temperature. - Increases the fossil-fuel use resuls in the movement of carbon from storage in the ground to release into the air as CO2. - infra red heats are either radiated back into space or scattered back to earth by atmospheric CO2-agents, therfore the more co2 agents there are in the atmosphere the more infra red heats are scattered back to earth thus increasing the earths temperature.y3^x H  _  / G ^  .Yp)MVm&){4/@<0" =EC@task4_day2_2HSBY_48n@<0" =EC@task4_day2_1HSBY_48@<0" d(C@task4_day1_confidenceHSBY_343PB4 d(C@task4_day1_4HSBY_34@<0" d(C@task4_day1_3HSBY_34@<0" d(C@task4_day1_2HSBY_34NONE. 0 GtC/ yearO0" d(C@task4_day1_1HSBY_34h@<0" $C@task4_day1_confidenceHSBY_382PB4 $C@task4_day1_4HSBY_38@<0" $C@task4_day1_3HSBY_38,@<0" $C@task4_day1_2HSBY_38@ <0" $C@task4_day1_1HSBY_38@<0" mC@task4_day1_confidenceHSBY_353PB4 mC@task4_day1_4HSBY_356@<0" mC@task4_day1_3HSBY_354@<0" mC@task4_day1_2HSBY_35Z@<0" mC@task4_day1_1HSBY_35P@<0" #aC@task4_day1_confidenceHSBY_392PB4 #aC@task4_day1_4HSBY_39@ <0" #aC@task4_day1_3HSBY_39@ <0" #aC@task4_day1_2HSBY_39preferably noneM0" #aC@task4_day1_1HSBY_39b@ <0" .؂mC@task2_day1_confidenceHSBY_373PB4 LVAL Z>~feedback is a sort of chain reaction which occurs when one thing is changed.everything remains constant no matter the changes in the program made to CO2Dynamic equilibrium is the balance of an ecosystem that keeps the population of every organism stable. An example would be the interference of humans in rainforests, oceans etc.An increase in carbon dioxide in the atmosphere means an increase in temperture and vice versa. The CO2 gradually went up as deepon was switched on.its when the ecosystem is stable and the rate of reproduction and death is at a relatively equal, producing a stable cycle where one source does not deplete and it remains steady. school is a dynamic equilibrium: the cycle of seniors and juniors and the supply of small children in the area produces a relatively stable and steady environment.the carbon model: it is a closed cycle due to the movement of carbon atoms in the atmosphere and the level of carbon and in the correct circumstances it creates an dynamic equilibrium. wolf and sheep model: the reproduction and the cycle of life creates a dynamic equilibrium.Deep-on affects the rate at which CO2 in the atmosphere rises. Without deep-on the level of CO2 rises more rapidly in the atmosphere.Dynamic equilibrium is the balance of life and substances in an environment over a prolonged period of time. For example in the carbon cycle model. Since the carbon cycle is a closed system, there is a fixed amount of carbon. This means carbon can not be removed or added but can only change forms. Therefore since the carbon in the ocean and atmosphere increase the carbon in the trees and sheep must decrease.The amount of carbon in the atmosphere and ocean stays constant. It is repeated. When there is slightly more carbon in the air, there is less in the ocean, and vice versa. however long term, its the same. The amount of sheep and wolves stays constant. It is a repeated pattern. LVALH 0 z>The CO2 acts as an outside force in the carbon cycle model. This affects the dynamic equilibrium in the model, as the CO2 is changing the balance of the cycle. However in the sheep and wolf model, no outside force is added, therefore keeping it's balance and population of all organisms stable.Fossil fuel usage should be kept at 3 GtC/Year. This will sustain the sheep at a stable population and will raise the tree population gradually and reach a stable population.If all fossil fuel burning is stopped, the CO2 from the air will slowly sink into the ocean and eventually into the deep. Thus the deep will come to store most of the CO2 from the ocean and atmosphere. We have gathered that the concept of feedback refers to gaining information that can be used to help a process improve. (Experience) In the first model the ants leave behind chemical traces- their feedback- to other ants so they may find the recently located food source. In the second model Even a few degrees grealy impact on the earth and it's balance of life, it also takes a lot a effort to increase the temperature by only a few degrees, it is not as easy as it sounds.An equilibrium is when different things remain constant/equal with eachother and remain sustainable throughout. A DYNAMIC equilibrium is when the different things fluctuate by interacting with one another in a cycle whilst still remaining constant/equal with eacother.In the carbon cycle model, oceanic and atmospheric carbon levels remained constant with eachother, but not in a static equilibrium. The ocean, atmosphere, trees and sheep exchanged carbon atoms in a closed cycle that kept going around and around constantly. The carbon levels remained constant in all aspects, showing a dynamic equilibrium. In the wolf and sheep model, the wolf, sheep and grass worked similarly. Levels of the individual species fluctuated as one species reproduced or died out, but remained fairly constant with eachother throughout. This is another example of a dynamic equilibrium.LVAL ` 8 0jfeedback is an endless circuit that keeps going and has more and more intense effects.it can be limited to a few degrees if we get more ice to form on the hwole owlrd and then the wolrd will have an ice age becuase of the feedback effect so we have to limit the amount of ice made, so that we dont have an ice ageThe concept of dynamic equilirium is the idea that anything has an ongoing cycle which keeps the subjects constant, unless external forces are introduced which may disturb the balance. For example, the water cycle or the cycle of humanity where humans eat food which allows us to live and reproduce (and eventually die) then we plant seeds (farming) which creates more food, creating a constant cycle. But if there is a drought or we stop farming/planting seeds, then that would result in less foood, starvation and a drop in population, or if there is a rise in population but the amount of food stays the same.The concept is applied to both the models as we can see that the 'subjects' are in balance with each other. If you introduce or change different factors to the subject, then the dynamic equilibrium is unbalanced.2 GtC/ year is the most sustainable over the long term comparitively as the levels of CO2 in the atmosphere and ocean is constant.The CO2 in the atmosphere increased quite a bit and is on a constant rise.By observing the models, we are able to draw a valid conclusion. eg. when you buy something yummy, all your friends ask you where you bought it so they all end up going.In these two models everything can change with the change in the materials provided in the program. According to the amount available or unavailable everything else wil change accordingly to the effects of the the program changes made.The reason why is because while clouds are preventing UV rays from entering the earth's atmosphere it is balancing the temperature with the infrared rays and so delaying the heating of the earth's atmosphere/,LVALV \.Jbecause the water absorbs the co2 and the ice reflects the heat, and the clouds block sunlight but trap some heat.if the carbon dioxide goes up, the temperature also rises. however, it can only be limited to a few degrees.The amount of atmospheric CO2 rose rapidly.Feedback is when one factor changes in response to another. It then changes other things because of input and output. it is related to dynamic equilibrium. it is give and take eventually balancing each other out.the more carbon there is the more insulation there is. this means that the temperature will increase with the amount of atmospheric carbon. it only increases by a few degrees because it takes a lot of changes to even cause a small change in temperature. Even though the temperature change is slight, it has a large impact on life on Earth. The Earth is sensitive to change, especially in terms of degrees. A few degrees is quite a lot, since temperature change is not supposed to be drastic. Some organisms cannot adapt quick enough which can change a lot of things, affecting the dynamic equilibrium.When there is more atmospheric carbon the temperature rises and vice versa when it is lower. it might help to insulate the earth as it is a greenhouse gas and prevents more heat from escaping so more heat is retained within the earth's atmosphere. This means the temperature increases with the amount of atmospheric carbon in the air.in the ants model one ant goes and gets food and leaves a trail and then another ant finds it and the trail is stronger becuase that ant add its trail to the other ants trail and then there is more chance of anant finding the trail becuase the trail is stronger an dthen the more nats find the trail and this leads to more ants finding the trail and it goes on like that. in the second model the more clouds there are the more warm air is trapped in the atmosphere and the more clouds there is the warm it gets and the warmer it gets the more evaporation occurs and the more clouds are formed/y4r+P  g K T X  < S j#Ne|5`w03{kC@task4_day2_2HSBY_60l@<0" {kC@task4_day2_1HSBY_60@<0" ^Mthe temperature difference between the ocean and the land cause convection currents in this modelthe ocean takes longer to heat up than the landThe atmospheric CO2 continues to rise gradually, the number of CO2 in the air increasing little by little with some decreases between the increases. Also, the carbon that initially originates from the land is exerted into the atmosphere as black dots when the setting of burning fossil fuels is turned on, in which can be predicted to be representations of carbon dioxide molecules that are released into the air.It is the balance in any system that adjust according to other factor's behaviours. In the first model, the amount of wolves, sheep and grass displays dynamic equilibrium since when one sector is affected, the other sectors adjust accordingly. Similarly, the carbon dioxide, trees, sheep and the amount in the oceans adjust accordingly when one sector is affected. Feedback is when one factor causes another factor increase(or decrease), which in turn causes the first factor to increase (or decrease), so the output increases (or decreases) exponentially. for example, if i don't do my maths homework because i don't understand it, then i will gain less understanding, making me less like to do my next lot of mths homwork, meaning i will gain less understanding, etc. so my maths results drop exponentiallyBoth the models we studied involved feedback systems. e.g. in the ant model, when an ant found food it released a chemical, attracting more ants to the food so they will in turn release more chemicals etc. in the climate model, the high albedo of polar ice reflects heat back into space, causing temperatures to drop, which means more ice will freeze, etc.Global temperature increase can be limited to only a few degrees if the system is in equilibrium. This means that no extra carbon from fossil fuels is being released into the atmosphere, upsetting the balance.LVAL 6The temperature above land is higher than the temperature above the sea because the land heats up more quickly than the sea.The temperature above the land is higher, whilst the temperature above the sea is lower. This is difference is temperature is because the land heats up more quickly than the ocean and retains more heat. fossil fuel releases carbon directly into the atmosphere rather than into the water.The concept of dynamic equilibrium applies to both of the models that we have investigated as when the amount of population is in a stable, moderate state for all of the variables in the experiment, the amount of each population is balanced and does not diminish extremely: when the amount of sheep increases, the predator, the wolves, decreases, and due to this high burst in population with the sheep, there isn't enough grass for the sheep and a lot of sheep for the wolves. Therefore, the wolves would increase their population because there is a lot of resources available for them, whereas the sheep are unable to reproduce much more because they do not have a lot of source of food. After the amount of the sheep population decreases, the grass is left alone so it is able to regrow itself, whereas the lack of sheep for their diet results with the decline of the wolves population. This cycle continues onwards so that the amount of population with each species affects the other, with the predator's population relying on the prey's amount of population. This concept of equality also applies in the CO2 model, as when the amount of carbon is kept constant, this also keeps the amount of the other variables of the experiment constant.The level of fossil fuel usage that would be most sustainable over the long term should be 0, as even with the slightest amount of fossil fuels burnt results with an increase of carbon in the air, which simultaneously affects the population of sheep and trees there are on land; which is a decrease in amount.LVAL Fthe heat in the atmosphere hottens the ocean???? heat is exchanged between the atmosphere, ocean and land???? heat from the atmosphere hottens the ocean which hottens the land which causes a fire??? Convection is the flow of hot and cold currents. It occurs in this model with the flow of currents, affecting the temperature of the land and the sea. Heat is being generated from the fire and also the surface of the ocean. It rises towards the sun which also emits heat. The current will be pushed aside by the warmer air and travels towards the cooler region of the sky. As the current cools, it descends. As it approaches the sea, it is heated again and the current continues on the same path as before. Therefore, convection is evident in this model.The use of fossil fuels generates heat therefore both the land and ocean heat up. But the land heats up more quickly that the ocean, hence the difference in temperature.The orange light, which is the heat, slowly forms when we burn fossil fuel and transfers to the rest of the screen with the pink dots, which float up to the top. After the dots float up to the top of the screen, they fall due to the cooler air only to be heated up again through the heat from the burning of fossil fuels. There is a cycle.Using fossil fuel increases the temperature of both the land and the ocean, but the land heats up faster than the ocean, creating a difference in temperatures between the land and the sea.Dynamic equilibrium is the concept where all variables of the experiment is interconnected with one another; if one is changed, all other variables are affected, depending on how dramatic the change is. An example of this concept in the natural world is like what is already depicted in the simulations with the plant serving as the primary source of diet/energy, with sheep being the larger predator and the wolf being the largest predator (or any other group of species that can be an alternate example). LVAL <  : .The difference in temperature between the land and the sea is due to the fact that the land heats up more quickly then the sea.The ocean is generally cooler than the land and probably takes longer to heat up. The ocean is also bigger and will therefore take longer to heat up fully. The albedo determines the amount of solar radiation. The land heats up more quickly compared to the ocean, and is therefore hotter than the ocean.i think the key idea in this model is that the land and the ocean heat up at different rates and that fossil fuels speed up this processwhen the fossil fuel useage goes up so does the temperature but as the albedo goes up the temperature goes downwhen the albedo goes up, the temperature both above the sea and above the land go down rapidly, despite the fossil fuel usage heating up the atmosphereThe hot air rises and get cooler as it rises and then sinks and heated again once it reaches the ground.The land stores in the heat easier than the ocean. The reason being the land has more capacity to absorb more heat. Convection occurs when the carbon from the fire rises into the atmosphere and then gradually comes down back to the ocean. The temperature differences between the land and the sea creates convection currents.The carbon dioxide is constantly absorbed and released from the ocean, then reabsorbed..etc. This is a constant convection current cycle. Heat is also absorbed and released by the ocean in the atmosphere. Hot air rises, and cool air from the sea replaces it.The ocean absorbs most of the heat, while the land reflects it back, warming up the atmosphere above it. The ocean is also big, and takes a long time before warming up itself, releasing heat very slowly.The particles above the land is heated by the sun's radiation that is retained on the ground. 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When they contact a food pile they turn back and release a chemical that alert other ants to come. When ants who know of the food contact another one, the information is carried on as a relay.When a number of ants know about the food pile, they gradually carry it back whilst other scouts continue to spread outwards in search of food.the ants coming in and out of the ant hole. and when the first ant finds the food they 'output' chemicals and other ants can sniff out this chemical and can find the foodsource. in this case the ants use the chemical given by the first ant as an input in which they can find the food and then they themselves can output chemicals so that other ants can find the foodthey span out in an attempt to bump into food. when the ants find the chemical trail of other ants they follow it to find the source and leave more chemical trails in order to alert more ants.Amount of ants scouting for food - amount of ants finding food Amount of food in piles - amount of food in the ant colonyThe ants that go out first scout for food in the surrounding areas. After food is found, a path is left by the ant and when other ants pick up the scent, they follow this path to the food and back to the colony. The diffusion rate changes how large/wide the path (that is left) is. The evaporation rate changes how quickly the path disappears/evaporates.Convection currents are caused by the difference in air temperatures and the movements in the air are caused by dust particles. When the fossil fuels are burned on drier lands, more sunlight is absorbed, therefore creating an atmosphere and heat that differentiates from the temperature over the ocean. It is much more difficult for albedo to be absorbed in cooler air, which is why the temperature over the ocean is lower than the one on the top of the land. LVALX8 **<Both land and sea transfer their heat to the air above by diffusion so that their differences in temperature lead to differences in air temperature above. This balance is dependent on the albedo which determines the amount of solar radiation reflected back into space. The land heats up faster. When the ant gives off the chemical - the output, the other ants used their scent to try and follow the chemical trail.When an ant finds a piece of food, it carries the food back to the nest, dropping a chemical as it moves. When other ants 'sniff' the chemical, they follow the chemical toward the food. As more ants carry food to the nest, they reinforce the chemical trailTo determine the effect of fossil fuel usage and the albedo effect on the temperature of the land and the sea. It also shows how the heated particles move through convection currents.Generally, if you increase the fossil fuel use, the temperature becomes rapidly higher as the burning of fossil fuels create carbon dioxide, heating up the land and ocean. However, after it reaches a certain temperature, it stays at that temperature due to convection. If you increase the albedo, the temperature becomes rapidly lower and the sunlight is refracted back by the ice.The feed back loop is the chemicals/scents that the ant outputs when it finds food that allows the other ants to find the food to put back into the colony. The rate of evaporation and diffusion affects the rate of input because the less the output, the lower the number of ants finding the food, therefore less input of food to the colony.When one ant finds food, it leaves a scent (chemical)which diffuses and then evaporates, that all of the other ants can follow to find the food.Feed back loops in the ants model are the ants going back and forth through the colony and the food piles. The output are the ants spreading outwards in search of food and input are the ants taking the food back.LVAL Z z BPh*the main property of the system that creates the patterns is the temperature above land and above sea. The main properties of the system that creates the patterns are temperaturea and convection currents.the burning of fossil fuels and the temperature difference between the ocean and landThe ants find food by wandering around aimlessly. Once one ant finds food all the others follow the ant chemical released which collected foodand collect it.Feed back loops: the chemical released by the ants, which is also used by surrounding ants as a method to find food.The group of ants scatter around the ground foraging for food, once one finds food they release their trail of chemical so other ants can find food and their way back to the nest.To differenciate between the ocean and land's temperatures and how the fossil-fuel use and levels of albedo affect the temperatures and how the air patterns are affected as such in a chain reaction.the difference of the land and ocean temperature. The land temperature is affected by the fossil-fuel use and the albedo levels lower the ocean temperature.The chemical trail is an output of the ant and helps the ants find their food pile and lead the rest towards it.The ants find food by locating the closest of the food piles through their heightened sense of smell and leading the majority of the colony to head towards the pile through exerting a certain chemical that appears to attract the group of ants and help them progress towards the pile. To deliver back food piles from locations that are further away, there is a need to have more ants in the colony in order to sustain a more stable chemical path that is susceptible to evaporation.Convection makes the cooler air released from the ocean sink whilst the warmer air on top of land rise. This cycle is known as the convection current. temperature differences between the land and the sea also create these convection currents. LVAL ~changes in the albedo and fossil fuel affect the patterns by either raising or lowering the temperature. If you lower fossil fuel or albedo the temperature decreases. If you raise the fossil fuel or albedo levels the temperature increases. There is a loop when the ants find food and then leave a scent trail from the food to the colony for other ants to follow. When there is an nearby to a scent trail, they can follow the scent trail more easily to the food. The larger the colony of ants, the easier it is for them to find food. Once they do find food, they leave behind a 'scent trail' which the ant that finds the food leaves behind. This helps the other ants to find the same food again. Having a larger group of ants to find a certain food helps the ants more as the scent trail is more obvious to follow. As they are contained in a set area, it is easier for them to focus on the food in the area. They mostly travel in random directions until they reach food or are close to a scent trail. The closer the food is to the colony, the more easier it is for the ant to find it.The amount may not necessarily affect how they find food.as the temperature on the land increase due to the burning of fossil fuels, the dust particles in the atmosphere get deflected by the heat.As the cloud cover increases, the gloabal temperature decreases. It could possibly be acting as the Earth's insulator that absorbs a fair amount of UV rays (which generate large amounts of heat) from reaching the ground, thus cooling the Earth. Th ants systematically input food into their colony, until the resource closet to them is exhausted, then they search for other food sources. When ants aimlessly wander around and find food they release a chemical which the other ants sniff anfd follow so they can be efficient and work together to gather food and deliver it to the colony. Once an ant finds food it immediately output returns it to the colony. y4J{  K b  y 2 I  `  8cz3}6afJa C@task2_day2_3HSBY_46@ <0"  C@task2_day2_2HSBY_46 The albedo I0"  C@task2_day2_1HSBY_46@ <0" ALC@task2_day2_confidenceHSBY_401PB4 ųC@task2_day2_3HSBY_37h@ <0" ųC@task2_day2_2HSBY_37@ <0" ųC@task2_day2_1HSBY_37@ <0" ALC@task2_day2_3HSBY_40@ <0" ALC@task2_day2_2HSBY_40&@ <0" ALC@task2_day2_1HSBY_40h@ <0" v9C@task2_day3_confidenceHSBY_23N@4 ƒ_C@task2_day2_confidenceHSBY_431PB4 ƒ_C@task2_day2_3HSBY_43J@ <0" ƒ_C@task2_day2_2HSBY_43@ <0" IvC@task2_day2_3HSBY_33@ <0" IvC@task2_day2_2HSBY_33@ <0" IvC@task2_day2_1HSBY_33t@ <0" _!C@task2_day2_confidenceHSBY_382PB4 ŝC@task1_day3_confidenceHSBY_302PB4 _!C@task2_day2_3HSBY_38J@ <0" _!C@task2_day2_2HSBY_38@ <0" _!C@task2_day2_1HSBY_38@ <0" # C@task2_day3_confidenceHSBY_213PB4 # C@task2_day3_3HSBY_21j@ <0" # C@task2_day3_2HSBY_21p@<0" # C@task2_day3_1HSBY_21@<0" +%ʙC@task2_day3_confidenceHSBY_32N@4 +%ʙC@task2_day3_3HSBY_3@:." +%ʙC@task2_day3_2HSBY_3p@:." +%ʙC@task2_day3_1HSBY_3@:." C@task2_day2_confidenceHSBY_352PB4 C@task2_day2_3HSBY_35L@<0" C@task2_day2_2HSBY_35^@<0" C@task2_day2_1HSBY_35@<0" C@task2_day3_confidenceHSBY_233PB4 C@task2_day3_3HSBY_23@<0" C@task2_day3_2HSBY_23@ <0" C@task2_day3_1HSBY_23@<0" WC@task2_day3_confidenceHSBY_311PB4 WC@task2_day3_3HSBY_31 @<0" WC@task2_day3_2HSBY_31@ <0" WC@task2_day3_1HSBY_31@<0" UUUUC@task2_day2_confidenceHSBY_362PB4 UUUUC@task2_day2_3HSBY_36@<0" UUUUC@task2_day2_2HSBY_36N@<0" UUUUC@task2_day2_1HSBY_36@<0" P"C@task2_day3_confidenceHSBY_253PB4 v9C@task2_day3_3HSBY_2@:." v9C@task2_day3_2HSBY_2@:." v9C@task2_day3_1HSBY_2@:." ,C@task1_day2_confidenceHSBY_373PB4 [|C@task1_day2_confidenceHSBY_472PB4 HLVALB 6fThe amount of fossil fuels and albedo affects the temperature of the atmosphere, in turn affecting convection currents of air in the atmosphere.The fossil fuel affects the temperature of the earth- the more fossil fuels being burnt, the higher the temperature rises. The increase of albedo on the other hand changes and cools the temperature of the atmosphere.Both models include a feedback loop, for example the input in the ant model being when an ant finds a food source and the output being when the ant left a chemical trail for other ants to follow. In the climate model, the input was the heat from the sunlight, and the output was the heated CO2 that was released into the air.The input in this model is the heat from the sun that heats up the water and the output is the carbon dioxide (CO2) that is heated up and released into the atmosphere.When there is cloud cover, there is less heat that heats the water, meaning that less CO2 is released into the atmosphere via the ocean. When heat is absorbed and released from the ocean, it creates convection currents. Fossil fuels speed up this process. The less albedo there is, the faster the carbon dioxide moves as rays from the sun doesn't reflect back into the atmosphere. macro level: According to temperature, albedo etc micro level: Convection currentsThe main property of the system is the heat from both the fossil fuels and the sun. Ocean: the ocean absorbs and releases, creating the convection currents. The emergence of random air movements.The albedo rate slows down the convection current and it makes the carbon dioxide's movement slow down when it is set on 1.0 and it is not creating convection currents. It also decreases temperature. The carbon dioxide molecules are gathered at the ground and the dust particles in the atmosphere. Since they have less energy on its own, maybe its just gathering at places with matter. The fossil fuels burning creates more heat in the land and speeds up convection currents.LVAL ( 4 f$Cloud cover affects the amount of solar rays that come in contact with the earth. Thick cloud cover enables more effection reflection of radiation back into space. A sparse cloud cover lets more radiation through. Solar rays turn into infra red heats when they come in contact with the earth and oceans, which affect the temperature. Clouds reflect these infra red heats back to earth, raising the temperature. If the cloud cover is thin, these rays escape to space, lowering the temperature.Temperatures that are produced through the burning of fossil fuels, and the absorption of albedo on certain surfaces. Heat causing convection currents and patterns in air movement. The relationship that occurs between the amount of fossil fuels burnt, the patterns in convection currents, and the temperatures which results from the combination of the two aspects. An increase in fossil fuel usage causes more heated air particles and convection currents while there is less cooler air, therefore increasing the air temperature. There is more albedo that is absorbed onto the land and ocean surfaces. This model is trying to show how difference of temperature over the land and sea create movements in the air known as wind and sea breezes.The difference of temperature over the land and the sea.The use of fossil fuel makes the temperature rise and therefore speeds up the process of air movement including convection. When albedo rises, the temperature drops and therefore slowing down the movement of air.Both have feedback loops. One is about ants, one about carbon and the greenhouse effect. Both are the same ideas, the ant is an analogy of the other model.The output of clouds, the imput of temperature.The temperature decreases as the amount of cloud cover increases.the key ideas about this model is to find the effect of either fossil fuel usage or albedo on the temperature of the earth. fLVAL 4v v 2`The amount of sunlight outputted from the sun results in the different levels of input of infre red sunlightthey both include feedback loops and the loops can be altered by varying different factors in the models.The cloud cover affects the global temperature in which that when there is more cloud cover, the temperature decreases, and when there is less or no cloud cover, the temperature drastically increases. This is because when there is more cloud cover, the clouds will absorb most of the heat when it is reflected from the ground. When there is no cloud cover, there is nothing to absorb the heat and it is left lingering in the atmosphere.They both include feedback loops. Yet the first one exhibited feedback loops of ants, while the second shows the feedback loops presently occuring in the atmosphere.Feedback loops: The heat generated by the sun (its output) is then reduced with much of the heat absorbed into the clouds (as the clouds input) and the remainder of the heat allows for the Earth's evaporation process, which then creates rain.They are both equilibriums; the carbon is stable in the climate model and the food is stable in the ants model Though in the ants model the food will eventually get eaten, while in the climate change model the carbon will never dissapear In the climate change model the more clouds there are the less sunlight is let through. And in the ants model the more ants there are the less food is left in the outer piles. The clouds and tha ants are constantly on the move.1)increase in the cloud cover causes a decrease in temperature 2)decrease in the cloud cover causes a increase in temperature As the cloud cover increases temperatures decrease. This might be beacuse the more clouds there are the less of the sun rays are able to reach the earth, causing a drop in temperature.Both are examples of a feedback loop.The feedback loop is between the albedo and the cloud cover, with infra red heat waves and solar rays.0LVAL H N J^Lwhen the cloud cover is increased the input of the suns rays is reflected, thus becoming the output of the rays from Earth to outer spaceThe temperature fluctuates however, it overall decreases. This may be because the cloud cover absorbs most of the incoming radiation, therefore stopping the earth from heating up and as a result, increasing the overall temperature. The cloud cover stops the rasdiation from raching the earth's surface, which is the main influence when it comes to the heating of the earth. One is about ants and the other model is about cloud cover. Both include animals. The ant model shows the decreasing and increasing rate of food from the piles and food in the colony, respectively. The climate model shows the changes of absorbtion and release of heat/infra-red into and out of the ocean.When the cloud cover is higher, the amount of heat that reaches the Earth is minimal when compared to the amount that touches the ground when there is less cloud cover. This also affects the amount of heat getting absorbed into the ocean when it hits the ground, thus changing the amount of infra-red in the oceans and the atmosphere.The temperature of the Earth increases and decreases depending on cloud cover (as well as other components). The less cloud cover there is, the hotter the environment becomes, this is the same with the opposite being the more cloud cover there is, the colder the Earth becomes due to the layer of water evaporation surrounding the Earth and reflecting the heat back out into space.One of the differences between the two models is that the ant model has an end to it, while the climate model is an ongoing cycle. A similarity is that there is a process of feedback in both models.The output of this model includes the incoming solar radiation, which helps the process of evaporation, becoming water vapour forming clouds, the input. This formation of clouds helps with the control of global temperature, keeping the Earth at a relatively constant climate. LVAL < L>the cloud cover gives more surface area for the rays of the sun to be reflected off and consequently the temperature of the world is cooler due to the fact that less of the solar radiation is reaching the ground. differences: shows how human actions affect the environment in one, and organisms in another similarities: shows how things work in a sensethe temperature changes depending on the amount of clouds floating around the incoming solar rays the reflected infra red rays the amount of fossil fuels burntthe more cloud cover, and the brighter the sun, the higher the temperature rises because the clouds reflect some of the incoming solar rays back into space, and outgoing infra red rays back into the ocean the less the cloud cover, the lower the temperature as there is nothing to block the raysThe similarities in the models are that they both have feedback loops. The difference between the models is that the first one is on a smaller scale and the last one is global. With the ants, despite the controls changed, they will still find the food. Only the amount of time it takes for them to find it differs. However with the climate model, the controls leads to a different result and there is not 'resolution' to the climate until the control is changed.The increase in cloud cover results in decrease in sunlight and then temperature, and vice versa. They affect the heat particles that get released and trapped which then changes temperature.The cloud cover reduces the amount of sunlight that reaches the Earth's surface. When there is a massive increase of cloud cover for a period of time, the temperature could be seen dropping dramatically. However, when the cloud cover is reduced, the temperature starts to increase.Differences: The first model conatins animals, whereas the second contains the environment. Similarities: They both contain feedback loop, which change as result of changing another factor. The both contain forces interacting witht heir environment. ;y3Ju E \  s , C Z q*Al%o(?j:Q 4C@task4_day3_confidenceHSBY_293PB4 4C@task4_day3_3HSBY_29@<0" 4C@task4_day3_2HSBY_29@<0" 4C@task4_day3_1HSBY_29V@<0" ^c.C@task4_day3_confidenceHSBY_202PB4 ^c.C@task4_day3_3HSBY_20&@<0" ^c.C@task4_day3_2HSBY_20@<0" ^c.C@task4_day3_1HSBY_20`@<0" <6jC@task4_day3_confidenceHSBY_282PB4 <6jC@task4_day3_3HSBY_28@<0" <6jC@task4_day3_2HSBY_28t@ <0" <6jC@task4_day3_1HSBY_28n@<0" SAC@task4_day3_confidenceHSBY_271PB4 SAC@task4_day3_3HSBY_27@<0" SAC@task4_day3_2HSBY_27@<0" SAC@task4_day3_1HSBY_27@<0" ؍9C@task4_day3_confidenceHSBY_194PB4 ('C@task4_day3_confidenceHSBY_223PB4 ('C@task4_day3_3HSBY_22@ <0" ('C@task4_day3_2HSBY_22<@<0" ('C@task4_day3_1HSBY_22X@<0" ؍9C@task4_day3_3HSBY_19@<0" ؍9C@task4_day3_2HSBY_19@<0" ؍9C@task4_day3_1HSBY_192@<0" UUUC@task2_day2_confidenceHSBY_412PB4 UUUC@task2_day2_3HSBY_41@<0" UUUC@task2_day2_2HSBY_41R@<0" UUUC@task2_day2_1HSBY_41@ <0" ųC@task2_day2_confidenceHSBY_373PB4 ^XC@task2_day2_confidenceHSBY_453PB4 ^XC@task2_day2_3HSBY_45(@ <0" ^XC@task2_day2_2HSBY_45@ <0" ^XC@task2_day2_1HSBY_45@ <0" ALC@task2_day2_confidenceHSBY_441PB4 ALC@task2_day2_3HSBY_44Z@ <0" ALC@task2_day2_2HSBY_44@ <0" ALC@task2_day2_1HSBY_44@ <0" !CeC@task2_day2_confidenceHSBY_393PB4 !CeC@task2_day2_3HSBY_39@ <0" !CeC@task2_day2_2HSBY_39@ <0" !CeC@task2_day2_1HSBY_39@ <0" AC@task2_day2_confidenceHSBY_492PB4 AC@task2_day2_3HSBY_49@ <0" AC@task2_day2_2HSBY_49J@ <0" AC@task2_day2_1HSBY_49P@ <0" `,C@task2_day2_confidenceHSBY_472PB4 `,C@task2_day2_3HSBY_47@ <0" `,C@task2_day2_2HSBY_47@ <0" `,C@task2_day2_1HSBY_472@ <0" IvC@task2_day2_confidenceHSBY_333PB4  C@task2_day2_confidenceHSBY_463PB4 fLVAL> R*DEmergence is when something is created which was not part of the whole thing in the first place. When there is little cloud cover, a lot of the sun's heat and light rays reached the Earth and the temperature increased. When there is alot of cloud cover, few of the sun's heat and light rays reached the Earth and the temperature decreased. The main similarity between the two models that we have looked at is that the feedback loop contributes greatly to the overall result of the experiment. The main difference is that while the climate model's concept is in a cycle, the ant model has a definite start and finish.Greenhouse gases appear to be a feedback loop: when greenhouse gases are produced, they heavily affect the temperature of the Earth when cloud cover amount is changed. When there are greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and the cloud cover is set to high, the temperature is high. This is the opposite when there is little cloud cover.The global temperature becomes a lot more extreme - the less cloud cover there is, the warmer the global temperature becomes when there is no greenhouse gas. Contrary to this, when there is more cloud cover, the temperature decreases to a very low level when there is no greenhouse gas. However, when it is set so that greenhouse gas is on, the temperature of the Earth becomes warmer. A reason that may explain why this is because the clouds act as a cover which block the warmth of the sun from entering and with greenhouse gases, the warmth is trapped inside the Earth and makes it more difficult for the warmth to escape into space.the similarity is that the smount of output results in differences in input, whereas the difference is that there are more factors in the CO2 model that can affect the inputThe global temperatures drops when there is more cloud cover and rises as the amount of cloud cover decreases, because the infra red is reflected off the clouds, and because of the different levels of sunlight being absorbed.LVAL & N.A convection current emerges from dust particle movement. A collection of dust particles in a convection current.Winds and storms form from convection currents, and up-draughts and down-drafts. This is when temperature is diffused, and the warm air rises. Emergence applies to the Wind and Storm model as a convection current emerges due to the difference in temperature between the land and ocean and the albedo. Winds and storms are caused by convection currents. the hotter and less dense air on land rises while the cooler air from the ocean fill in the gap left by the hotter air. Emergence is the appearance of new patterns that were not present earlier. Since we have increased CO2 levels and the amount of other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, we have experienced the emergence of new patterns in our environment. These include: warmer climate all year round and great melting in Summers and less freezing of polar icecaps in Winter. The concept of Emergence applies when one adjusts the levels of albedo and fossi fuel usage, and as a result of this wind, storm and other weather conditions and their previously established patterns change in number of different ways.It is formed by convection currents and the difference in temperature of the air and the different densities of air masses due to different temperatures.The main differences are the fact that the first model had ants collecting food model and the second was the climate model. The similarities are the fact that the ants return and exit to the colony after collecting food and the carbon transfers from the atmosphere to the ocean. They both transfer from one place to another.When there is little cloud cover, a lot of the sun's heat and light rays reached the Earth and the temperature increased. When there is a lot of cloud cover, few of the sun's heat and light rays reached the Earth and the temperature decreased. At 50% cloud cover the temperature was below average.LVALL h h PT&emergence is the appearing of two factors that come together to form a new pattern that is different from the previous the emergence of hot and cold air create a new pattern as the hot air and cool air pushed away from the heat the clash between hot and cold air creates a storm Putting water colours in heated water shows the emergence of convection currents moving in the water.Emergence applies to the model as the dust particles show the random movement of air. Wind is formed when high pressure systems and low pressure systems are close together. The descending air from the high pressure systems then replaces the rising air in the low pressure system.When something new comes out of a stable environment. When you turn around and someone is just there.The heat and the dust work together and winds and storms emerge as variables such as fossil fuel use and albedo are changed.When the Earth heats up the hot air moves in a convection current. The air sometimes moves so quickly that it creates winds. If there are too much winds, there are storms.Emergence is when new patterns emerge. An example is when the patterns of particles in the atmosphere suddenly change and storms and winds develop.Sometimes there are winds and storms that emerge and particles move about rapidly, after being stable before.Winds and storms form from convection currents. The concept of emergence is when a new pattern appears out of nowhere. E.g. In pokemon the animals appear from the pokeballs.The concept of Emergence is when new patterns form after the effect of other elements in nature. An example of this is shown when fossil fuels started to burn, and convection currents were formed. The concept of Emergence applies to the Wind and Storm model because new patterns were formed that were not there originally. New patterns that were formed in the Wind and Storm model includes the convection currents.  y5v1\ s , C Z  q * A l%@[rD[r+VnC@task4_day2_3HSBY_36@<0" nC@task4_day2_2HSBY_36@<0" nC@task4_day2_1HSBY_36@<0" TYC@task4_day2_4HSBY_37@<0" TYC@task4_day2_3HSBY_37@<0" TYC@task4_day2_2HSBY_37@<0" TYC@task4_day2_1HSBY_37d@<0" 贁C@task4_day2_confidenceHSBY_493PB4 贁C@task4_day2_4HSBY_49@<0" 贁C@task4_day2_3HSBY_49@<0" 贁C@task4_day2_2HSBY_49@<0" 贁C@task4_day2_1HSBY_49@<0" oSC@task4_day3_confidenceHSBY_213PB4 oSC@task4_day3_3HSBY_21@<0" oSC@task4_day3_2HSBY_21t@<0" oSC@task4_day3_1HSBY_21@<0" >RC@task4_day3_confidenceHSBY_22N@4 6PC@task4_day3_confidenceHSBY_312PB4 6PC@task4_day3_3HSBY_31@ <0" 6PC@task4_day3_2HSBY_31@ <0" 6PC@task4_day3_1HSBY_31 @ <0" IvMC@task4_day3_confidenceHSBY_32N@4 IvMC@task4_day3_3HSBY_3H@ :." IvMC@task4_day3_2HSBY_3@:." IvMC@task4_day3_1HSBY_3 @:." 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LVALDSN=vworlds;DESCRIPTION=vworlds;SERVER=mysql.science.mq.edu.au;UID=vworlds_admin;PWD=v266w367;DATABASE=vworlds;PORT=3306LVAL  2 8 something new forms in new places of existing patterns in weatherwind and storm are created in existing areas of weather patterns? cults of people gather on high hilltops and grand mountains together they huff and blow for no pay and no workers compensation it is they who provide us with unforgiving gusts of breath or maybe storms are formed with the meeting of cool air and hot air in the atmosphere which creates unstable weather, resulting in storms.Emergence is something new appears as a result of a change that is made in the system. For example, as a result of the changing season (i.e from winter to spring) new buds or flowers appear because of the warmer air that bee's and insects like to pollenate with. The emergence in this example is the budding flowers. The Emergence applies to the wind and storm model because we are changing the variables (i.e the albedo and the fossil fuel) as a result of these changes an 'emergence' or a 'new formation' appears. In this case the emergence is the convection current. The warm air from the land rises whilst the cool air from the sea sinks leading to a cycle known as the convection current. This is a circular cycle where the excess air is passed off as wind. Emergence is when something is altered, a new pattern forms. One example is if someone has a disease, the patterns of their bodily functions change.It is seen when we change the amount of fossil fuels burning or the albedo effect and therefore, greenhouse gas levels. Because the level of greenhouse gases are changed, new patterns emerge, such as the changing temperatures of the land and the ocean which affect on the movement of dust particles in the air, which form winds and storms.Wind and storms form by the movement of dust particles in the air. These dust particles move through convection currents which changes according to the temperatures of the land and the ocean.LVAL x   Emergence is when a new product is made. For example when a business creates a new product that no one has ever invented or thought of before.Emergence is when new patterns form at places where they weren't before. Wind and storms are formed by Emergence.The different temperatures of the atmosphere over the land and the ocean causes wind- storms form with a lot of rain and strong winds.Emergence is a pattern that is formed due to the consequence of a series of events. An example would be more layers of snow will be created, the more days it snows.Winds and storms are formed due to the emergence of the convection current.When hot air rise, cooler air rushes in to fill the space. This movement of air creates wind. Storms form when cool air meets hot air.The concept of feedback is the output of something that affects the imput of something.One example is the ant model, while the source of food lasts the feedback is positive.In the ant model, the concept of feedback is positive while the food lasts. In the climate Model Feedback, the concept of feedback is negative.Because when the heat is reflected off the carbon dioxide, it can be reflected back into the earth, or reflected back out of the earth. Therefore you still have some heat going out, which is why the temperature increase is limited to only a few degrees.The more the carbon dioxide, the more the infrared light is reflected off. The change in carbon dioxide changes the balance of heat coming in, and heat coming out. If there is more carbon dioxide going in then going out, the temperature will rise.Emergence is the appearance of new patterns. One example is when I went to a new school, the patterns were different.Emergence happens when one patterns is altered and a new one forms.winds are formed by moving air. As the land is heated, the hot air rises and is replaced by cooler air. It moves around and produces the winds. Storms are created by the clash of cold and hot air.LVAL:  ( 4dThe amount of CO2 in the air also changes the amount of CO2 in the oceans, because the CO2 molecules create a 'layer', if a carbon molecule is in the way of a released infra-reds' path, then the infra-red will be reflected back. The more carbon there is in the ocean, the hotter the temperature is as well.Feedback is when the output of a system becomes the input of a system. They affect eachother in a cycle.The concept of feedback operates in the ant model in the form of positive feedback. As the ants' chemical trail attracted more ants, the chemical trail became stronger with most of the ants being in one place at the same time. The concept of feedback operates in the climate model with the balance of incoming and outgoing solar radiation affecting the global temperature. This balance can be affected by numerous factors including cloud cover, the albedo rate and human carbon emissions. If we reduce human carbon emissions, the global temperature increases may be slowed, because we are disturbing the existing equilibrium. We could also plant more trees cause trees are beautiful and convert CO2 ito oxygen. they are beautiful organisms We <3 trees 5eva!As the atmosperic carbon dioxide levels go up, so does the global temperature. The greenhouse gases (CO2) trap the infrared rays deflected through the albedo effect and causes the Earth to retain heat. It disrupts the existing equilibrium. Emergence is the concept of new patterns forming in an area of the atmosphere where it didn't previously exist. For example, evident temperature changes in areas which had consistent results of atmospheric pressure before. The fossil fuels affects the amount of heat and cold being circulated through the atmosphere and air particles. This could possibly result in a change of cycle in the area of Emergence. Winds and storms form through the rising and cooling of hot and cold air, and convection currents. *LVALb |4HMore CO2 causes more heat radiated from the Sun's rays to be kept in the Earth while decreasing its output. As a result the temperature within Earth rises since the heat kept in is greater than that being radiated back out.The concept of feedback is getting back what you output. An example being when you hear your own voice from a speaker when you talk into a microphone. Both models include a feedback loop, for example the input in the ant model being when an ant finds a food source and the output being when the ant left a chemical trail for other ants to follow. In the climate model, the input was the heat from the sunlight, and the output was the heated CO2 that was released into the air.Stop burning fossil fuels and increase the amount of cloud cover, because cloud cover decreases the amount of heat that enters the atmosphere. As more CO2 is released into the atmosphere the temperature gradually decreases.The concept of feedback is the changing of values in the output and the input/ positive and negative feedback. Example: positive feedback - When a sound is spoken into a microphone and projected out, the sound from the projection comes back to the microphone is once again projectedout and this continues, since the value/volume/amount increases this is an examplke of positive feedbackAnt: The positive feedback of the ant model is the food that is being brought into the colony while the negative is the amount of food leaving the piles. Climate: The output is the average temperature which changes over time as the cloud cover, power of the sun, albedo (etc.) is changed. The other is the amount of infra-red which is absorbed into the oceanThe temperature worldwide, changes constantly and so the overall temperature cannot change so dramatically (by more than 5 degrees), this is because the temperature must be averaged accross the world to get the change in temperature. Also the amount of CO2 which is absorbed into the oceans is a slow process, so it takes a long time.y4^B E p  @ W  ' R i"9d{4Kv/FAL,D@task1_day3_1HSBY_55@!<0" 2+D@task1_day3_confidenceHSBY_522PB4 2+D@task1_day3_2HSBY_52@ <0" 2+D@task1_day3_1HSBY_52Z@!<0" 9"C@task4_day2_confidenceHSBY_453PB4 9"C@task4_day2_4HSBY_45<@ <0" 9"C@task4_day2_3HSBY_45X@ <0" 9"C@task4_day2_2HSBY_45&@ <0" 9"C@task4_day2_1HSBY_45@ <0" O'C@task4_day2_confidenceHSBY_442PB4 O'C@task4_day2_4HSBY_44^@<0" O'C@task4_day2_3HSBY_44@<0" O'C@task4_day2_2HSBY_44@<0" O'C@task4_day2_1HSBY_44@<0" C@task4_day2_confidenceHSBY_333PB4 C@task4_day2_4HSBY_33d@ <0" C@task4_day2_3HSBY_33T@<0" C@task4_day2_2HSBY_33@<0" C@task4_day2_1HSBY_33@<0" C@task4_day2_confidenceHSBY_462PB4 C@task4_day2_4HSBY_46<0" C@task4_day2_3HSBY_46H@<0" C@task4_day2_2HSBY_46*@<0" C@task4_day2_1HSBY_46@<0"  C@task4_day2_confidenceHSBY_472PB4  C@task4_day2_4HSBY_47@<0"  C@task4_day2_3HSBY_47@<0"  C@task4_day2_2HSBY_47@<0"  C@task4_day2_1HSBY_47@<0" lUC@task4_day2_confidenceHSBY_381PB4 lUC@task4_day2_4HSBY_38@<0" lUC@task4_day2_3HSBY_38N@<0" lUC@task4_day2_2HSBY_38@<0" lUC@task4_day2_1HSBY_384@<0" C@task4_day2_confidenceHSBY_412PB4 C@task4_day2_4HSBY_41@<0" C@task4_day2_3HSBY_41@<0" C@task4_day2_2HSBY_41`@<0" C@task4_day2_1HSBY_41@<0" 'C@task4_day2_confidenceHSBY_401PB4 'C@task4_day2_4HSBY_40<0" 'C@task4_day2_3HSBY_40<0" 'C@task4_day2_2HSBY_40@<0" 'C@task4_day2_1HSBY_40@<0" TYC@task4_day2_confidenceHSBY_373PB4 wxC@task4_day2_confidenceHSBY_431PB4 wxC@task4_day2_4HSBY_434@<0" wxC@task4_day2_3HSBY_43B@<0" wxC@task4_day2_2HSBY_43"@<0" wxC@task4_day2_1HSBY_43@<0" nC@task4_day2_confidenceHSBY_362PB4 nC@task4_day2_4HSBY_36.@<0" LVAL  h VFeedback is when there is a reaction to a response, it can either be positive or negative.In the climate model, when we change the amount of cloud cover, the temperature changes in accordance with it. In the ant model, when ants leave a chemical trail, other ants follow along. These are both instances of positive feedback.The ocean stores carbon and the temperature is limited to only a few degrees becasue there is the trapping of heat raidiation and release working against the increasing carbon.When we started with a smaller amount of atmospheric carbon dioxide, the average temperature was higher. When we started with a larger amount of atmospheric carbon dioxide, the average temperature was considerably lower.It can be limited by restricting the burning of fossil fuels and preventing air pollution.The amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere affects the temperature in a way that when there is more atmospheric carbon dioxide, the temperature gradually increases. This is because if there is more carbon dixoide in the atmosphere, it keeps the earth warmer by Feedback is where you receive a reaction from something due to the effects of its output and input. FOr example: If Dr Stokes makes a joke, the people reacting to his jokes would be his feedback, which would change how he acts in the future, whether he will make more jokes or stop.In the ant model: The input is the bunching of the ants inbetween the food and the nest while the output would be the fact that more ants would cause the release of more chemical which would therefore attract more ants. In the second model: The temperature is the main factor, how heat is both reflected and absorbed due to the cloud cover and albedo, and thus the temperature rising and decreasing is the feedback.It can only be limited due to the fact that heat is constantly being absorbed and reflected simultaneously due to the cloud cover and the albedo.LVAL  0 ^ vFeedback is something that effects the experiment Through the cloud cover and albedo. Feedback is when there is an input and an output. The input is where something is changed and the output is what happens as a result of the input. In class, when we write an assignment and the teacher reads and then gives a comment on the assignment.The concept of feedback operates with the first model as the ant leaves behind a scent trail that can then lead to the ants to find that food again. This is a positive feedback, as it makes it easier for the ants to find food. In the climate model, the feedback is negative as it is the increase or decrease of temperature, due to the amount of infra-red 'heats' being trapped in the Earth's atmosphere by the cloud cover, the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and the amount of sun rays being releasedThe trapped heat spreads in a bigger area. The heat being trapped in Earth's surface will eventually escape. However, it doesn't spread fast enough so that the temperature stays constant with the increase of CO2. The increase in CO2 only slightly increases the temperature and at an unconstant rate. The increase of CO2 traps the escaped carbon from the ocean. This is the Greenhouse Effect. As the CO2 traps more heat, the temperature increases.it's a circular process in which output and input are interconnected through ain the ants model. the output is the chemical excretion and the input is the food. in the climate model the input is the solar rays and the output is the temperatureIts because of the feedback system - the cloud cover becomes denser when the temperature rises at some point, but also become thinner due to evaporation in the atmosphere.The temperature cannot change dramatically the higher the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere the higher the temperature. the lower the level of carbon dioxide the lower the temperatures are.dLVAL \2 j |(zcohesion, meaning that birds will flock together and that they will fly at the same speed so they will keep up with each otherfeedback is when an output is made which affects an input that is made from the output. For example, feedback to Dr Stoke's jokes results in either him redusing or increasing.In the ant model, there is positive feedback because all the ants are kept togehter. In the climate change model, there is negative feedback because the difference between the input and output is smaller and so an equilibrium is being reached.Global temperature increase can be limited to onlt a few degrees if there is more cloud cover which results in the deflection of solar radiation. A balance in the amount of solar radiation and cloud cover is needed to THe increase of atmospheric carbon dioxide results in the increase of the temperature. In the ant model the feedback were the chemicals left by the ants carrying the food. in the climate change model it was temperature which was affected by the cloud cover.To keep the global temperature limited to increasing only a few degrees we should lower the cloud coverage so that the suns solar rays can reach the earth and then also lower the albedo level so the rays are absorbed into the earth and stay there As the atmospheric carbon dioxide increases so does the temperature. This may be beacuse the carbon itself also emits heat which contributes to the overall temperature. The carbon might also absorb the heat into the atmosphere. Global temperature is determined bu the number of heats in the ocean and land. The number of 'heats' is determined by the albedo, therefore, achieving a high albedo, combined with low cloud cover, may help limit the temperature increase, as it also achieves negative feedback. When the amount of carbon dioxide is decreased in the atmosphere, the temperature gradually decreases, and when the amount of carbon dioxide is increased in the atmosohere, the temperature gradually increases. LVAL |@When the water feedback rises, it makes the teperature decrease.Feedback is the receival of something that helps stop or progress systems depending on their positivity. Feedback helps return the state of a system to where it is stable and balanced when it is negative and helps encourage positive systems. An example in real life is when our science teacher, Dr Stokes, tells us a joke and we respond by laughing and encourages him to tell more jokes. This is positive feedback.The ant model portrays a positive feedback and the climate model depicts a negative feedback: in both, feedback affects the overall behaviour and result during and after the experiment. In the ant model the congregating ants with the chemical exertion act as the positive feedback, which helps the ants locate and obtain more food (which is positive because it helps them progress and continue their system), and in the climate model, the temperature with the imbalance of the entering and outgoing solar radiation acts as the negative feedback as it helps develop an understanding and return the system back to a balance/agreement, where it is at a more stable state. In a way, by accepting a negative feedback, it can be perceived also as a positive feedback by returning the system to a balance and agreement.The global temperature's increase is only limited to a few degrees because there is a near balance between incoming solar radiation and atmospheric carbon dioxide and greenhouse gases. Therefore, because the cycle is dynamic, temperatures increase and decrease only slightly.The higher the amount of atmospheric carbon dioxide, the higher the global temperatures in average become. The reason for this is because carbon dioxide is a part of greenhouse gases as a whole, and when there are a significantly higher amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, the easier it is to trap heat inside the Earth as well as reflect heat towards the outside of the Earth.LVAL Hx<Instinct. - Birds follow the other birdsNo, the bird flocks do not have a leader.The bird flocks do not have a leader. This is because each bird follows the exact same set of rules: 'alignment', 'separation', and 'cohesion'. 'Alignment' means that a bird follows the same direction as the other birds. 'Cohesion' means that a bird will move towards other birds nearby. 'Separation' means that a bird will turn to avoid being too close to the other birds.It is non-linear because the graph is scattered. non- linear- because the higher temperature, the more water vapour, which results in higher temperature and more water vapour (positive feedback). The water feedback (the water vapour) reflect some infra-red back to the earth/ocean, this increases the temperature. The more water vapour the higher temperature. Alignment, as it determines which direction a bird flies in, in relation to other birds. the other two are more based on space between the birds rather than how they fly together. Maybe cohesion - they want to flock together.NO they don't they just all follow the same rules that bring the together. Alignment- the bird turns in the same direction that nearby birds are moving in. Cohesion- move towards other nearby birds if not too close. Separation- the bird avoids other birds that are too close, it also overrides the other two rules. It might benefit them if they are in a flock because they may fly faster due to aerodynamics. It may also be part of their natural instinct to flock together as they all have the same aim, safety in numbers. there is more organisation. They form a vague V/triangular shape.nope, alignment means that the bird moves in the same direction, separation means that the bird moves away from othe rbirds, cohesion means the bird will move towards other birds. the separation rule overrules the other 2 rules if a bird is too close to another bird. each bird moves at the same speedy3^{4 K  b  y 2 I  `  w2Mdx4KR i %4-D@task2_day4_2HSBY_5@ $:."  %4-D@task2_day4_1HSBY_5Z@%:." Ɲ ,D@task1_day3_confidenceHSBY_612PB4 c-,D@task1_day4_confidenceHSBY_101PB4 c-,D@task1_day4_2HSBY_10@$<0" c-,D@task1_day4_1HSBY_10^@$<0"  !-,D@task1_day3_confidenceHSBY_503PB4  !-,D@task1_day3_2HSBY_50Their vision. 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AL,D@task1_day3_confidenceHSBY_553PB4 AL,D@task1_day3_2HSBY_55@!<0" dLVAL . 8 ^  lIt is non-linear because it's not constant when it increases and spikes sometimes, not following a linear pattern.When the degree of water feedback is increased, it affects the temperature as it also increases. However, the carbon (both atmospheric and terrestrial maintains similar feedback.The rules: alignment and cohesion which makes the birds fly in the same direction as the other birds or flock so that they become one with the flock.THe info on the model said that they do not have a leader, but after a while they all become part of the same flock, which after a while breaks up into smaller groups. This is because they have three governing rules: alignment, seperation and cohesion.The response of the temperature to waterfeedback is not quite linear. Although it does decrease or increase overall, the temperature fluctuates regardless. This is because the different factors of the system are not quite evened out.The temperature of the system increases as the degree of water feedback increases. The temperature rises, and the amount of water vapour increases due to more evaporation.Alignment, Seperation and CohesionBirds normally fly in a v shape formation because they follow the same set of rules from which flocks emerge.Yes, bird flocks do have a leader - but they form a flock without one. (The answer is no) First they form pairs and small groups, then they gradually merge with other groups and form a big flock.They all eventually fly in the same direction, allowing and even bigger number of birds in each flock. Also, as time goes on, the birds collide less into each other. Sense of direction. Sometimes, a bird flies away from its current flock but then it soon joins another one to continue in the same direction.The main property that allows for the birds to form a flock is 'separation', which overides the other two rules. If a bird can only see in front of them, they cannnot sense the other birds around them, so they fly in a straight line.LVAL v :*- non-linear, it fluctuates a little. This is because the temperature rises gradually is not always consistent. linear, because it has a set pattern and this is determined by the variablesthe water absorbs some of the heat from the sunThe fact that the birds change the direction of their flight to align with others around them is the property of their behavor that most allow the forming of a flock.The bird flocks do not have a leader. The main rules that govern the flock are 'Alignment' which causes the birds to turn to face the same direction as other birds around them, 'Cohesion' which makes individual birds fly towards nearby groups of birds, and 'Seperation' which occurs when the birds get to close to each other- they will turn and fly in another direction. 'Seperation' overrides the other rules; if the birds get too close together then they will ignore the 'Alignment' and 'Cohesion' rules and turn away.non-linear because of the constant change, and it increases at different speeds-a lot more moisture in the air -temperature doesn't remain stable, changes rapidly, increases -more clouds Yes, for each flock there is a bird at the front, not necessaily the leader unless in a definite V-form. The main rules that govern the flocking of birds are Alignment, separation and cohesion. Birds will align and merge together when close to other birds, while the seperation rule makes the bird turn outward if it gets too close to another bird. Cohesion, because it allows single birds to go towards others, forming groups/flocks.No. There's always one or two in front but there isn't really a leader. They all follow a set of rules, alignment, separation and cohesion, from which flocks emerge. Alignment - birds move in the same direction as others Separation - birds avoid each other when they get too close Cohesion - birds will move towards other nearby birds unless they are too closeLVAL RH nIt is non-linear, because the rise of temperature is not constant. The temperature levels rise and fall even though the water feedback is increasing. However, the overall temperature is increasing. The more the water feedback is increased, the higher the temperature becomes. The higher the temperature, the more water feedback, and then the higher the temperature. This is a positive feedback. The albedo is also a positive feedback. - When the albedo feedback is on, the temperature increases. The more albedo there is, more water feedback, which increases with the temperature, then amplifies the effect. Yes, the birds do have a leader. The main rules are alignment, separation, cohesion. Alignment means that birds tend to turn so that its moving in the same direction that nearby birds are moving. Separation means that a bird will turn to avoid another bird which gets too close. Cohesion means that a bird will move towards other nearby birds. The two main properties that allows a flock to form are cohesion and alignment. Cohesion causes the birds to move together in the first place and alignment causes the birds to move in the same directioN. Due to the other birds following the rule of cohesion which in order to do so they swarm closer to the bird they are following. When a bird or birs come too close the bord being followed is following the rule of separation in trying to move away from the birds. It appears that the flock of birds has a leader but in fact it is trying to separate. The birds do not have a special leader. The birds follows three rules: alignment, separation and cohesion. Alignment: means that a bird tends to turn so that it is moving in the same direction that nearby birds are moving. Separation: Means that a bird will turn to avoid another bird which gets too close. Cohesion: Means that a bird will move towards other nearby birds (unless another bird is too close). y4by2 I  v 1 J e ~ # :e|&=T m(E`w-M,D@task2_day3_confidenceHSBY_531PB4 -M,D@task2_day3_3HSBY_53@*<0" -M,D@task2_day3_2HSBY_53@*<0" -M,D@task2_day3_1HSBY_53@*<0"  L,D@task1_day4_confidenceHSBY_61N@4  L,D@task1_day4_2HSBY_6@*:."  L,D@task1_day4_1HSBY_6l@*:." xK,D@task2_day4_confidenceHSBY_91N@4 xK,D@task2_day4_3HSBY_9 @):." xK,D@task2_day4_2HSBY_9@):." xK,D@task2_day4_1HSBY_9 @):."  Y,D@task2_day4_confidenceHSBY_142PB4  Y,D@task2_day4_3HSBY_14b@)<0"  Y,D@task2_day4_2HSBY_14@)<0"  Y,D@task2_day4_1HSBY_14@)<0"  G,D@task1_day3_confidenceHSBY_593PB4  G,D@task1_day3_2HSBY_59P@)<0"  G,D@task1_day3_1HSBY_59@)<0" +G,D@task1_day4_confidenceHSBY_131PB4 +G,D@task1_day4_2HSBY_13IT is linear.K0" +G,D@task1_day4_1HSBY_13@'<0" G,D@task2_day3_confidenceHSBY_542PB4 G,D@task2_day3_3HSBY_54|@'<0" G,D@task2_day3_2HSBY_54@ '<0" G,D@task2_day3_1HSBY_54@(<0" )gP,D@task2_day3_3HSBY_55d@(<0" )gP,D@task2_day3_2HSBY_55Z@(<0" )gP,D@task2_day3_1HSBY_55@(<0" 4,D@task2_day4_confidenceHSBY_152PB4 98,D@task1_day3_confidenceHSBY_623PB4 98,D@task1_day3_2HSBY_62@ '<0" 98,D@task1_day3_1HSBY_62@ '<0" _!8,D@task1_day4_confidenceHSBY_42N@4 _!8,D@task1_day4_2HSBY_4@ ':." _!8,D@task1_day4_1HSBY_4j@ ':." F7,D@task1_day4_confidenceHSBY_172PB4 F7,D@task1_day4_2HSBY_17x@'<0" F7,D@task1_day4_1HSBY_17h@'<0" 2T6,D@task1_day4_confidenceHSBY_83N@4 2T6,D@task1_day4_2HSBY_8@':." 2T6,D@task1_day4_1HSBY_8@':." 4,D@task2_day4_3HSBY_15@'<0" 4,D@task2_day4_2HSBY_15 @'<0" 4,D@task2_day4_1HSBY_15@'<0" ,D@task1_day3_confidenceHSBY_484PB4 ,D@task1_day3_2HSBY_48@'<0" ,D@task1_day3_1HSBY_48@'<0" b0,D@task1_day4_confidenceHSBY_123PB4 b0,D@task1_day4_2HSBY_12@%<0" b0,D@task1_day4_1HSBY_12@%<0"  %4-D@task2_day4_confidenceHSBY_52N@4  %4-D@task2_day4_3HSBY_5>@%:." |LVAL, H8Xb:*The degree of water feedback affects the temperature of the system by making the temperature higher because more heat is absorbed.this is about wind and storm and the other one is about birds.The convection current helps the system going. The dust particles moves away from the heat at first but comes back down when the system.They drawn to the nearest flock. The flocks trap the birds. Birds seem to form individual groups. (2-3) Then they join up to bigger flocks. it is non-linear This is because the results are highly inconsistent The temperature of the atmosphere rises dramatically the response of temperature to water feedback is non-linear.The temperature rises as the water effect increases.Initially, the response is linear when the water vapour is increaced, but then the temperature goes up and down in a non-linear fashion.When the amount of water vapour is increased, the temperature rises. It shows how the water feedback can change the global temperature when a new factor (such as albedo feedback) is brought into the equation.It's non-linear because there isn't a defined increase or decrease in temperature. Instead there is a fluctuation in the temperature.The water feedback has increased and the teperature is decreasing and vise versa.They do not challenge desicions, they want to form a flock, perhaps for safety, breeding etc purposes. They work together, not searching for personal gain such as humans tend to do. They follow the crowd.I do not believe that the flocks have leaders at first, even though it may appear they do. Initially it seems as if the flocks are formed randomly, birds joining together simply because they are close and heading in vaquely the same direction. The birds join flocks until no bird is alone, then the flocks remain the same having reached a balance. Only then when all flocks are completely formed do they appear to chose a leader at random. They must allow a leader to form a cohesive flock.fLVAL4 v|system albedo change and fossil fuel usage affects patterns. The land is heating more than the ocean because the land absorbs more heat when the sun heats it up. THe air current moves away from the heat. The ocean heats up slower as the warmth spreads. They are both affected/influenced by factors and follow certain rules and have a general trend. Both have dynamic equilibrium. One is living, the other is not (birds & air). One is affected by heat while the other is affected by instinct. When certain conditions are met, they follow a certain trend.heat as it affects the updraughts. It comes mainly from solar radiation that is reflected as it pushes the air up. Lower albedo levels create a circulation of air (convection current) - cold air which is denser than warm air sinks, and when it reaches the ground it becomes warm which makes it rise because it is hotter. But when it rises, eventually it loses its heat and falls again because cold air is denser. However, when there are higher albedo levels, there is no circulation pattern - there is no particular pattern because of the reflection. There is no general trend - some of the air rises and stays there, same with the ground, but most of them are randomly distributedChanges in albedo affect the patterns that emerge as it controls how much solar radiation is reflected back into space. Fossil fuel usage affects the emerging patterns as the temperature increases more rapidly. It remains stable at 15 but gradually/drastically increases the temperature if the amount of fossil fuel is any higher (depending on the amount). Albedo levels lower than 0.3 increases the average temperature drastically, however higher than 0.3 only increases it by a small amount before remaining stable. Land has a higher average temperature than the sea, because in the sea, the heat circulates around and heats the entire volume while on land it simply heats the surface since it doesn't penetrate deeper than the surface.LVALJ NTJ."the model is showing that the different aspects in the environment affect the temperature of the Earth. The water feedback and the albedo affects the temperature of the Earth, but these effects are not constant, as shown by the model and how it spikes in places.Non-linear. This is also because it does not follow a linear pattern. It is not going in a predicatable pattern and therefefore in non-linear.The feedback is inconstant and goes up and down in no particular pattern. It spikes in places and does not follow a specific pattern.-the water reflects less heat than the land -moisture and water vapour in the atmosphere reflect some of the infra-red rays back to the Earth -the amount of water vapour depends on the temperature -increase of albedo feedback results in the decrease of temperature -positive and negative feedback-it is more linear than when the albedo was off -quite a gradual decrease -it causes a decrease in temperature that is quite steep -still jumps in temperatureThe main property of the bird's behaviour that allows for the forming of flocks is 'cohesion'. Cohesion is the bird's desire to move in a constant speed towards other birds. This is done until they potentially crash into the other birds. Cohesion means that the birds will move towards each other and that is what is required in the process of constructing a flock. the desire to remain in groups of the same species is also a strong driving point in terms of birds wanting to form a flock, as this increases the chance of birds surviving in the wild. there is no visible leader. the main rules that govern the flock seem to be that the majority of birds want to fly together in the same direction, which makes sense due to increased chances of survival in the wild in a flock. birds dont want to fly to close to each other, and will turn away from each other if they do get to close, preventing mid-flight crashes. yay. birds form flocks when they are the same species wanting to travel places as a big, happy, feathery familyjLVAL 6 n  `$NThe temperature of the system rises but not as dramatically. This might be because the albedo goes up when the temperature falls, and the albedo falls when the temperature goes up, which evens out the water feedback affect. One is about climate change, and one is not. Originally, both move randomly, however, after a while, they all start to follow a pattern (the birds all start moving in the same direction, and the air particles start moving in a cycle.The fact that the land heats faster, and heat causes things to rise, i.e. air.The albedo makes the heat get reflected, but the land heats faster than the water, warming up the air particles, causing them to rise, where they lose their heat and sink back down. It then follows a cycle, meaning that if you were to stand on the land, you would feel a sea breeze. Fossil fuel usage makes the land heat up even faster.The response of temperature to water feedback is non linear because it is a fancy word that scientist use to say that is can drastically change. It is not linear because it goes up and down and it can change drastically.The degree of the water feedback (water vapour) causes the temperature to rise as more water feedback traps more heat like a greenhouse gas. It is becoming warmer by reflecting the infared radiation back to the earth.Both models gradually form into a specific pattern over a certain amount of time. When making changes in the system's albedo and fossil fuel usage, more distinct patterns are caused.When there are changes in the system's albedo and fossil fuel usage, the average temperature, above land temperature and above sea temperature all slowly increase. The temperature difference causes the movment of air particles which then in turn forms a cycle of wind. The land heats up more quickly compared to the sea, allowing a difference in temperatures.as quoted in the info section, it increases at a 'not-quite-linear rate'the temperature rises when you put the water-effect up>y3rB Y  r - H  _  7 NT k$=lq*ARwwww,D@task2_day4_1HSBY_16@.<0" wwww,D@task2_day4_confidenceHSBY_71N@4 wwww,D@task2_day4_3HSBY_7I honestly dont know.Q." wwww,D@task2_day4_2HSBY_7 Linear.C." wwww,D@task2_day4_1HSBY_7@.:." jv,D@task2_day4_confidenceHSBY_112PB4 jv,D@task2_day4_3HSBY_11z@.<0" jv,D@task2_day4_2HSBY_11@ -<0" jv,D@task2_day4_1HSBY_116@-<0" ط,D@task2_day4_confidenceHSBY_131PB4 ط,D@task2_day4_3HSBY_13@-<0" ط,D@task2_day4_2HSBY_13It is non-linearN0" ط,D@task2_day4_1HSBY_13@-<0" z,D@task2_day4_3HSBY_6<@-:." z,D@task2_day4_2HSBY_6@-:." z,D@task2_day4_1HSBY_64@-:." ^cn,D@task2_day4_confidenceHSBY_122PB4 ^cn,D@task2_day4_3HSBY_12@-<0" ^cn,D@task2_day4_2HSBY_12@,<0" ^cn,D@task2_day4_1HSBY_12@ ,<0" 5k,D@task2_day3_confidenceHSBY_522PB4 5k,D@task2_day3_3HSBY_52@-<0" 5k,D@task2_day3_2HSBY_52the albedo rateM0" 5k,D@task2_day3_1HSBY_52H@-<0" ^M-D@task4_day4_confidenceHSBY_123PB4 >-D@task4_day4_4HSBY_12@ 5<0" >-D@task4_day4_3HSBY_12.@6<0" >-D@task4_day4_2HSBY_12~@6<0" >-D@task4_day4_1HSBY_12@6<0"  A-D@task4_day3_3HSBY_61t@6<0"  A-D@task4_day3_2HSBY_61@6<0"  A-D@task4_day3_1HSBY_61@ 5<0" m-D@task4_day4_4HSBY_6b@ 5:." m-D@task4_day4_3HSBY_6|@5:." m-D@task4_day4_2HSBY_6@5:." m-D@task4_day4_1HSBY_6f@5:." -D@task4_day4_confidenceHSBY_152PB4 Lh/a-D@task4_day4_4HSBY_13(@5<0" Lh/a-D@task4_day4_3HSBY_13Z@5<0" Lh/a-D@task4_day4_2HSBY_13B@5<0" Lh/a-D@task4_day4_1HSBY_13@5<0" [,D@task4_day4_confidenceHSBY_91N@4 [,D@task4_day4_4HSBY_9@5:." [,D@task4_day4_3HSBY_9@5:." [,D@task4_day4_2HSBY_9@3:." [,D@task4_day4_1HSBY_9@ 2:." -D@task4_day4_4HSBY_15 @3<0" fLVAL T L dT`Its where the possible feedback is overwhelming everything else, making an inevitable, dramatic increase. Winds form between places of different air pressure. The cold, denser aira tipping point is when positive feedback outweighs the negative feedback, and this results in a 'peak' in temperature and this is non-linear. thereafter, the temperature gradually decreases. an example of this is when pressure builds up inside a soccerball after being pumped, and it eventually explodes.a tipping point applies to this model as it reaches a high temperature of approx. 120 degrees celcius before gradually decreasing (when water-effect is set on 100 and albedo-feedback is on).yes, when the water-effect level is at 100 and the albedo-feedback is on. the water feedback and albedo effect reaches a tipping point, howver, with the fossil fuel usage, this tipping point becomes a constant temperature and remains this way (roughly).Tipping Point is when the positive feedback outweighs the negative feed and the whole thing just tips over. (you told me to explain in my own words)The concept of a tipping point applies to the Climate Model with Water Feedback because the positive feedback can outweigh the negative feedback and creates a tipping point.Yes, there are circumstances in which the system is not stable and displays a tipping point. This is when the temperature increases to a dangerously high level. The combined effect of Albedo and Water feedback affects the system's response to fossil fuel usage as it makes the fossil fuel usage have a bigger effect, thus the temperature will be more easily impacted by the fossil fuels. The concept of a tipping point is when there is an imbalance of the feedback factors in the environment. The positive feedback is too strong, and therefore the negative feedback cannot create a stable equilibrium situation.The water affects the climate, when it increases. It changes the Co2 intake, which in effect changes the temeperature.LVALD LA tipping point is when it has reached its limit, its end. At this point, things are irreversible and the world will face its end. For example, if a person indulges in unhealthy foods, he will eventually fall ill and this will be his 'tipping point'When you increase the CO2 or the Water effect, the temperature goes up. If you turn on ALbedo at first it refelects some of the rays back, but over time it disappears as a result of increased water vapour in the atmoshpere. This is how it is very easy to create a tipping point. Yes, The system goes into imbalance when there is excessive positive feedback. Increasing CO2 increases water vapour which destroys Albedo, and thus there is a very strong positive feedback. The combined effect of Albedo and Water Feedback with added CO2 useage, the temperature skyrockets and increases dramatically. This is because CO2 increases the temperature of the earth, thus increasing the amount of water vapour in the air and as a result decreasing the Albedo. This is how the temperature increases. the concept of emergence is the idea of patterns forming based on input of data. on a micro level, it cannot be seen, and only on a macro level, is the emergence seen. nothing will tell the system to push forward, it is because of the emergence that the system works. My experience of emergence is when I was born. I emerged from a sperm and egg and because emergence is the process of coming into being - I am an example of emergence.on the micro level, there is no emergence seen in the system. the system has no need for the emergence- its something that has come out during the system that was not there before. it pushes the emergence. the emergence in the birds is there because they dont care about the birds around them, they are just a flock of birds all travelling in the same direction. and in the wind and storm system, the emergence is in the dust particles travelling around in a convection motion. LVALh nxThe concept of the tipping point applies to the model because it demonstrates that the more fossil fuel we burn, the more unstable the ecosystem is and will eventually 'tip'Yes, the albedo and water feedback are both positive feedback. This makes the system unstable and the temperature increases dramatically and does not go back to an equilibrium. It increases even quicker, because there are two positive feedbacks already- the water and aledo feedback affects it already; it amplifies the positive feedback. Both the systems have to follow a particular pattern and problems occur if any factor spoils the equilibrium of the processes. Both the models also explain how natural processes occur in the natural environment. The main difference is that the first model is an open pattern whereas the second model is a closed system. The second difference is that both the models represent different phenomenons but despite this a similiar pattern manages to emerge from both the models.The main property of the system that creates patterns in the model is the albedo rate because it affects the movement of the cells of air. The pattern created by the wind is greatly affected by the rate at which solar radiation is reflected. as you incease fossil fuel burning, the air is heated not only by albedo but by man-made means, inreasing the air temperature dramatically.The higher the albedo rate the more solar radiation is being reflected. this increases the heat being reflected into the atmosphere from te land, heating the air above it. the heated air then rises and moves towards the cooler air above the ocean. as a consequence, the air cools and then rushes back towards the land, which is an area of low pressure (air and wind will move from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure). The changes in the albedo rate (difference in the radiation being reflected) affects the amount of heated air that ensures the smooth running of the process.*LVAL  "VDThe tipping point is when the positive overwhelms the negative feedback and pushes it further from a state of equilibrium. For example, person A gets angry with person B causing person B to get angry with person A. Person A then gets even more angry with person B and person B gets even more angry too. This shows a tipping point, as they are being pushed further and further from making up. As there is the Water Feedback and more water vapour into the atmosphere, the positive feedback overwhelms the negative feedback. This causes a tipping point in which the feedbacks are not equal. This causes a non-linear display. When the combined effect of the Albedo and the Water feedback causes the temperature to continue rising, and cause the positive feedback to overwhelm the negative feedback, the system becomes unstable and displays a tipping point.The temperature rises very gradually. However, the CO2 level rises very suddenly and in a straight line. The CO2 in the ocean also rises, but very gradually. This is because the combined effect of Albedo and Water feedback causes the temperature to rise so dramatically, the temperature's response to fossil fuel usage does not seem as much in comparison. The water vapour is already a very harmful greenhouse gas, so the fossil fuel usage does not cause a sudden temperature rise, but only gradually adds to the temperature.It is when the positive feedback outweighs the negative, so it keeps increasing without going back to an equilibrium. An example would be a stampede. The more animnals running creates more panic, which makes more animals running. There is no negative feedback, so there is a tipping point because the number of animals keeps increasing and creates a bigger stampede. The water feedback and albedo feedback are both positive, and they can't go back to an equilibrium (there is no negative feedback) therefore the positive feedback outweighs the negative and the climate system becomes unstable and the temperature continues to increase. lLVAL & Yes , the higher the concentration of fossil fuels, the more the temperature goes up relentlessly. When the variables are changed suddenly, the system is not stable and displays a tipping point.When fossil fuels are burnt, the temperature goes up significantly. But albedo lessens the effect of the heat penetrating the water because it reflects the heat preventing it up from heating up. Emergence is the concept of something occuring when it isnt natural. For example, the bird model. The birds forme themselves into a certain formation which is not nature to them. Emergence is the act of something happening in a model which leads to a certain cycle.These two patterns come out of nowhere in the two models. It isn't a natural thing in the two models, it happens due to the emergence.Winds forms by follwing the same principle of temperature difference between the land and the ocean which then forms a convection current of air particles, then forming a breeze.the constant cycle of non linear rising and falling in result of high pressure at one point. When you place a ruler on the edge of the table with one end hanging over the edge, after a short while place a small weight on the ruler(side hanging off the edge), and the pressure becomes too much and the ruler topples off the side of the table.when the temperature rises the oceanic vapors are produced more rapidly therefore there comes a point where the atmospheric pressure is too high and we experience precipitation.Yes there is, the temperature shows several tipping points which are not stable. When the temperature rises dramatically, there is also a severe drop (tipping point) which leads to another cycle.With fossil fuels burning Carbondioxide increases dramatically whilst the C-oceans rise steadily. The temperature is very inconsistent and non-linear. Without the fossil fuels burning the temperature is still inconsistently rising and the carbon dioxide and the C-oceans are parallel to each otherLVAL $ zlemergence is when objects that have no intelligence create a cycle or pattern. weather demostrates this phenonmenonA tipping point is when positive feedback overwhelms negative feedback, causing the results to be furher from an equilibrium. Winds and storms are the results of different air pressures colliding.emergence is when a pattern is formed but you can only see it on a macrosoft level. well, people walk with their friends and therefore flock together but dont want to get too close because there is a personal boundary but they are going in the same direction (ie school).they both exibit the same pattern of emergence through the flocking of the birds and the circulation of the dust particles.wind and storms are formed by the earth.Weather. When a pattern emerges without a certain set of rules that dictates it? Emergence is when patterns occur on a macro level, where particles on the micro level don't know about it, but it happens anyways. It applies in the way that originally, the birds and particles move in random directions, however, after a while, a pattern starts to emerge.Winds form when a convetion current occurs (when particles heat up, then rise, then cool down, and fall, moving in a cycle). Storms form when effect is magnified.It is when a pattern emerges from a system and the patterns are not made making it a phenominal event. People walk on the left-hand side from which a pettern emerges of which everyone walks, swims and drives on the left-hand side(even though the majority of the population is right-handed).bThe two models have rules which they must both follow and over time creates a pattern which is not planned or predictable.Wind forms because of the convection currents within the atmosphere. The convection current itself is created by the movement of the air particles as they rise and fall with their temperature which is radiated to them by the heat from the land.8y4r+V m & = T k & W p)s,Wn'>U%P[C-D@task4_day3_1HSBY_60@=<0" C-D@task4_day3_confidenceHSBY_502PB4 C-D@task4_day3_3HSBY_50@ :<0" C-D@task4_day3_2HSBY_50@@<0" C-D@task4_day3_1HSBY_50@@<0" [D9-D@task4_day3_confidenceHSBY_583PB4 [D9-D@task4_day3_3HSBY_58,@?<0" [D9-D@task4_day3_2HSBY_586@?<0" [D9-D@task4_day3_1HSBY_58@?<0" |@-D@task4_day4_confidenceHSBY_112PB4 |@-D@task4_day4_4HSBY_11,@?<0" |@-D@task4_day4_3HSBY_11|@?<0" |@-D@task4_day4_2HSBY_11@><0" |@-D@task4_day4_1HSBY_11 @><0" wl6-D@task4_day3_confidenceHSBY_522PB4 wl6-D@task4_day3_3HSBY_52D@><0" wl6-D@task4_day3_2HSBY_52n@><0" wl6-D@task4_day3_1HSBY_52@><0" ľc3-D@task4_day4_confidenceHSBY_173PB4 ľc3-D@task4_day4_4HSBY_17@><0" ľc3-D@task4_day4_3HSBY_17B@><0" ľc3-D@task4_day4_2HSBY_17@=<0" ľc3-D@task4_day4_1HSBY_17n@=<0"  A-D@task4_day3_confidenceHSBY_612PB4 ?P-D@task4_day3_confidenceHSBY_483PB4 ?P-D@task4_day3_3HSBY_48&@=<0" ?P-D@task4_day3_2HSBY_48@@=<0" ?P-D@task4_day3_1HSBY_48@=<0" Ũ/-D@task4_day4_confidenceHSBY_82N@4 Ũ/-D@task4_day4_4HSBY_8@ ::." 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LR--D@task4_day3_confidenceHSBY_623PB4 LR--D@task4_day3_3HSBY_62@<<0" LR--D@task4_day3_2HSBY_62b@<<0" LR--D@task4_day3_1HSBY_62@ :<0" B0-D@task4_day3_confidenceHSBY_553PB4 B0-D@task4_day3_3HSBY_55@<<0" B0-D@task4_day3_2HSBY_55V@<<0" B0-D@task4_day3_1HSBY_55`@<<0" 7iC-D@task4_day3_confidenceHSBY_543PB4 7iC-D@task4_day3_3HSBY_54@:<0" 7iC-D@task4_day3_2HSBY_54@:<0" 7iC-D@task4_day3_1HSBY_54P@:<0" :-D@task4_day3_confidenceHSBY_572PB4 :-D@task4_day3_3HSBY_57@:<0" :-D@task4_day3_2HSBY_57 @:<0" :-D@task4_day3_1HSBY_57D@:<0" ΕG-D@task4_day3_3HSBY_51F@:<0" ΕG-D@task4_day3_2HSBY_51@:<0" ΕG-D@task4_day3_1HSBY_51@:<0" BLVAL J J^Yes - when the level of water vapour was increased, at first the increase in temperature was linear, but it soon reached a tipping point and the change in temperature became non-linear.The combined affect of albedo and water feedback raises the temperature more rapidly tnan the trend before water vapour and albedo were put in place.emergence is the effect of change through randomn effects and nature on a micro level so that it cannot be seen but is affected through chain reactions.It is the idea of patterns formed based on the input of data and the reactions and landscapes. emergence applies due to the idea that the models react to their surroundings and the randomn effects. The emergence is due to the environment and the landscape or atmosphere.Emergence is when a trend suddenly appears in a situation where there was no apparent trend initially. For example, locusts - normally they're solitary, but when a certain chemical is changed in their brain by a release in seratonin, they start to swarm together. They then become vicious and start to march/fly united and eat crops. They then become a pest and possibly cannibals. :)At first there is no set pattern, but then a pattern emerges - takes a while for it to form. Each model doesn't really follow a pattern until a certain criteria is met, for example birds don't flock until they're around other birds from their activated instinct. It balances out which forms a trend.Wind forms when it is moving from a high pressure system from a low pressure system - the air is being pushed out and sucked in. The movement of air is wind. Storms form from low pressure systems - the air is sucked in, condenses forming clouds, circulates. When the clouds become too dense they release all the water and starts to rain but with the lightning, friction between the particles/water molecules makes it gain a charge, negative charge goes to the bottom of the cloud which is attracted to the positively charged ground. 'Lightning' is then formed.\LVAL& DrzOnce you start using lots of fossil fuel, the carbon dioxide goes up. Increased water vapor in the air traps more heat. And when a centre of low pressure develops with a system of high pressure surrounding it.When the water effect is really high, the albedo is low, the sunbrightness and the greenhouse gases are prevalent the positive feedback overwhelms the neagtive feedback which results in a tipping point.The fossil fuel usage contributes to the greenhouse effect which makes the atmosphere warmer which causes more water to evaporate and decrease the albedo. This in turn makes the sun's rays stronger which makes the atmosphere warmer, therefore more water is evaporated which contributes to the greenhouse effect.Emergence systems are where unplanned patterns form from a set of rules. For example, if you tell people that come from the bottom of a staircase to only walk up on the right side, you will find that the people that come from the top will tend to walk down on the left. In the first model we see the concept of emergence through how the birds form flocks even though they are not programmed to, creating an emerging pattern. In the second model we see emergence through the unplanned movement of the wind current when the fossil fuels and aldebo are changed.It appears that wind is caused by the changing temperature of the atmosphere, creating up-draughts and down-drafts, which can be affected by the burning of fossil fuels such as is shown in the the diagram. Storms are basically from the same source but much more severe and with other causes as well. (aka currents, friction, climate etc)When the positive feedback (increasing the water vapour, causing the temperature to rise, causing the water vapour levels to rise, etc.) overwhelms the negative feedback (the difference between the input and output of heat bringing the temperature back to an equilibrium), the climate model reaches a tipping point, and the change in temperature becomes non-linear.LVAL l`ZI really dont know. Still a bit confused.Yes, when the albedo effect is completely diminished, there will be nothing cooling the earth, thus making it erupt in temperature.It the temperature increases dramatically as the Albedo and Water feedback as the fossil fuels amplifies the positive feedback affect.emergence is whne a pattern appears in an environment where that pattern was not programmed to happen. when there is a pile of food then ants who are moving randomely before then begin to walk in an orderly line to the food and from the nest, this forms a pattern that was not there before.emergence is when a pattern appears in an environment where that pattern was not programmed to happen. in the bird flocking model this happened when the birds started flocking together and forming a flock. in the wind and storm model this happened when the land started heating up creating a convection current.when the land heeat up and the cold sea breeze hits the hot air ove rthe land, the cold sea breeze is forced to rise ove rthe hot air and the cold breeze goes up into the atmosphere where it cools and descends and then is caught up in the sea breeze again and is pushed into the hot air. the air circulates around in this pattern which is called a convection current. the storms forms when this weather becomes violent and there is enough water vapour in the air to form clouds. The tipping point is when you add so much of one thing to an item that the item can not go back to its original state. One example is, when you add too much sugar to a cup of tea it becomes too sweet to change back to its original taste.The water feedback affects the temperature of the earth and traps the sun's heat in the atmosphere, which makes the earth hotter and more water is evaporated. This cycle is constant until the earth becomes so hot that negative feedback can't bring the temperature back to its normal state.LVAL X :(A tipping point is when an environment is not in a state of equilibrium. This is when there is something in the environment that produces a lot of something that is not balanced out by another product in the system. Emergence is when a large-scale pattern appears due to small scale interconnnected patterns and rules. When the bell rings at the end of a lesson at school, each individual person knows where their next class is. Although no-one is aware of the large-scale pattern that is emerging, it can be observed that everyone floods into the corridors at the same time before seperating into designated class groups.In both the bird model and the wind and storm model, we see a number of set rules that apply to the small scale. However, the combination of the all these rules and their affects causes a pattern to emerge on the large scale. 'Flocking' in the first model, and weather in the second.Wind occurs when air moves between areas of different air pressure- the aim is always to try and equalise, so high pressure air will move into an area of low pressure. In this model, the air above the land heats faster than the air above the sea. This means that the air above the land is warmer and therfore is at a higher pressure while the air above the sea is cooler and at a lower pressure. The air pressure wants to equalise, so it flows from above the land (high pressure) to above the sea (low pressure) creating wind. Kids talking in a room. When one group in the room talks softly, and another group talks louder over the other group and the other group talks even louder to hear themselves until is shouting in the room until the teacher get mad and brings it back to the equilibrium - silence.The concept of tipping point applies to the Climate Model with Water Feedback by the dramatic increase of temperature. With fossil fuels the earth heats up even more quickly, thus melting ice, which in turn absorbs more heats which in turn releases more water vapour which in turn traps more heat which melts more ice.LVAL\ xWinds form from the heating of the air that are hit by the light rays which is converted into heat when it hits te air particles. The air particles when warmed up by the light rays then rises as warm air rise and the empty place is then take by the sinking cool air which forms wind when the air particles move around. Emergence is when a pattern is formed at the macro level, and not at a micro one. An example would be school groups, where if you look at a person individually, no pattern is seen. but if you look at the entirety of the grade for example, at lunch time, you will be able to see the distinctive groups formed.In both models, on a micro level, there is no visible pattern seen. ie, a single bird itself does not follow a particular pattern, and weather is no drawn out. However, at a macro level, when you look at the overall product, a very significant and dramatic pattern is formed. This is called the concept of emergence.the emergence concept applies to the two models since all variables involved in the models have no intelligence of sort and only follows the set rules but since both models of non intelligent objects form a cycle this displays the concept of emergence. the birds have no intelligence and only follows the three set rules but however manage to create and fly in flocks that generally fly in the same direction. the winds in model two have no intelligence but still manage to form a convection cycle.Temperature differences causes convection currents which means air particles move around, so when there is a temperature difference between the land and the sea, the heated air above the land satrts to rise to a point where it cools down again and begins to fall. this is depicted by the blue dust particles. so storms and winds form when theres a temeprature difference because this then causes the wind and air currents to move faster thus generating faster winds.Ey3rB 1 \  @ Y  1 H_v/F]t0G6*%LD@task1_day3_2HSBY_41@E<0" 6*%LD@task1_day3_1HSBY_41@E<0" n%LD@task1_day3_confidenceHSBY_431PB4 n%LD@task1_day3_2HSBY_43@E<0" n%LD@task1_day3_1HSBY_43@E<0" jLD@task1_day3_confidenceHSBY_442PB4 jLD@task1_day3_2HSBY_44@E<0" jLD@task1_day3_1HSBY_44@E<0" T`LD@task1_day3_confidenceHSBY_353PB4 T`LD@task1_day3_2HSBY_356@E<0" T`LD@task1_day3_1HSBY_35@E<0" lLD@task1_day3_confidenceHSBY_384PB4 lLD@task1_day3_2HSBY_38@E<0" lLD@task1_day3_1HSBY_38r@D<0" p= LD@task1_day3_confidenceHSBY_402PB4 p= LD@task1_day3_2HSBY_40@D<0" p= LD@task1_day3_1HSBY_40@D<0" NhLD@task1_day3_confidenceHSBY_462PB4 NhLD@task1_day3_2HSBY_46`@D<0" NhLD@task1_day3_1HSBY_46@D<0" E.LD@task1_day3_confidenceHSBY_362PB4 E.LD@task1_day3_2HSBY_36@D<0" E.LD@task1_day3_1HSBY_36>@D<0" l-D@task4_day3_confidenceHSBY_593PB4 l-D@task4_day3_3HSBY_59@C<0" l-D@task4_day3_2HSBY_59@C<0" l-D@task4_day3_1HSBY_596@C<0" E#_-D@task4_day4_confidenceHSBY_142PB4 S-D@task4_day4_confidenceHSBY_72N@4 S-D@task4_day4_4HSBY_7~@C:." 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Yes, the increase of carbon in the model when there is nothing using it up means that the temperature increases which means that the model is not in the state of equilibrium.The combined effect of Albedo and water feedback affect the system's response to fossil fuel usage as when the water and albedo feedback are both turned on, the temperature and the carbon from the atmosphere and the oceans icreases at a steady rate.An example is bulls and panic. When one bull panics and starts to charge, it creates more panic within the bulls. This is a positive feedback system. Because there is no negative feedback system to balance out the positive feedback, eventually all of the bulls will panic and charge with detrimemtal effects. This is the tipping point.This applies because it's important and a tipping point in the environment will affect the climate and the environment. When the water feedback overtakes the albedo feedback, the temperature increases and creates an unstable environment for human life. Yes there will be a tipping point, as there are two positive feedback systems. Because there is not a negative feedback system to create an equilibrium, the positive feedback continues to increase an creates a tipping point.-increase in CO2 -gradual increase of temperature -increase in CO2 in the ocean -the water vapour absorbs more CO2 -less albedoEmergence is when patterns develop on the macro level as opposed to the micro level. An example of this phenomenon is whales moving in their pods. Emergence applies to the two models as both models do not display patters on a mirco level however, they do on a macro level. In the two models, the individual birds and wind particles do not display any pattern however, when you look at the whole group, a pattern emerges.tLVAL v @the concept of emergence is when in an environment there is no pattern, and then a pattern emerges. yay, one example is the weather both models had no pattern at the start, then a pattern emerged due to various local factors. Both models had a particular pattern that emerged after a while of functioning normally. This particular process of a pattern emerging so that scientists can make make further hypothesis is called the process of Emergence. Initially in the bird model, the birds were not travelling in a partciular manner or direction, then due to the birds following fixed rules a pattern emerged. In the other diagram the albedo affected other factors of the model to travel in a particular manner therefore a pattern emerged from the second model too.This means that the concept of emergence does apply tot he two models we have investigated.wind forms when air masses move from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure. The greater the difference in the pressure of the two areas, the greater the speed of the wind. Storms form in areas of intense low pressure, when wind speed increases dramatically. Clouds develop when warm moist air rises suddenly and the water particles are forced to condensate around tiny dust particles in the clouds. When the water particles become too heavy to be supported in the air they fall to the ground as rain, sleet, hail or snow. lightning is generated by the friction between minute dust particles in the clouds, building a negative charge. when this charge is big enough, it is attracted to the positive anchor of the earth and is released at massive speeds and with more heat than the sun. Tipping point is when the balance of a system is totally ruinedWhen you are burning too many fossil fuels and there is increased traping of heat which increase water feedback. If the system passes the tipping point, the temperature still keeps increasing but the carbon dioxide and oceanic absorption rate are balanced again.LVAL `jBird flocks do not have a leader. Birds flying in a flock follow three rules - alignment, separation and cohesion. An individual bird flies in the same direction as other birds nearby, but when two birds fly too close to one another, they swerve away to avoid contact. When a bird is isolated from the rest of the flock, it follows the rule of cohesion and flies towards a nearby bird. The instinct of separation overule the other two rules.The main property of the birds' behaviour is cohesion. WIth cohesion, it allows the other two rules to take place. No, the birds do not have a leader. The flocks are created by three rules: alignment, separation and cohesion. Alignment means that a bird will turn so that it is following the direction of nearby birds. Separation means that a bird will aviod another bird that gets too close. Cohesion means that a bird will move towards other nearby birds (unless a bird is too close to them).They feel compelled to turn repeatedly and fly towards other birds, and then follow that direction. Allignment and cohesion allolw the birds to form flocks, and separation stops the birds from forming one giant flock. Their vision also affects how quickly they create a flock and how big the flocks are. When birds get close they join up to form flocks. When one flock gets too close to another, they join to form a bigger flock. They all move in the same direction and they move towards eachother, while leaving a respectable distance between them and another.No, they don't have a leader. Each bird seems to be following the same set of rules. One rule is that the birds tend to turn so that they move in the same direction as the birds around it. Another rule is that when they get too close to a bird they move away from it. This rule seems to override the other rules. The last rule is that the birds will tend to move towards nearby birds unless the bird gets too close.LVAL (| F dpThe birds align to move in the direction of nearby birds. They move towards other birds as close as possible.Yes the bird flocks have a leader. The birds form a flock when they're flying in the same direction they follow one another, if a bird wants is too close to another, it heads in a different direction and follows another flock.They want to get somewhere quickly, their wings propel the flock giving more current and therefore more speed.Yes. The one at the front leads the flock, and the ones behind follow its trail forming a current in which the others keep to. As more birds gather behind the leader, the more the current and therefore the better they keep together as a flock.The main properties of the bird's behaviour is the idea of algnment, separation and cohesion, where they follow other birds nearby, but if they are too close, they will separate (to join other flocks), allowing flocks to form that are not too crampt.The flocks form up without a leader. The main rules are that the birds tend to move in the same direction that nearby birds are moving and that they will usually join other birds nearby unless they get too close, which results in separation.The main property of the birds' behaviours that allows for the formin of a flock is the need to join a larger flock and the instinct to follow other birds.Yes the birds do have a leader. The birds follow three rules: alignment, separatation and cohesion. The three rules affect only the bird's heading. Each bird always moves forward at the same constant speed. When two birds are too close, the separation rule overrides the other rules. The smaller flocks tend to join up with the bigger flocks.The main properties include the instinct to stay as one group(cohesion and alignment)to avoid seperation and unruly mass flying. Separation ensures that no birds collide and cause casualties to themselves and to disrupt the other birds.y3^u. t - X [  r  B Yp)@[r+Bmp)'TLD@task2_day3_1HSBY_39<0" `wLD@task2_day3_confidenceHSBY_333PB4 `wLD@task2_day3_3HSBY_33@H<0" `wLD@task2_day3_2HSBY_33- the temperature?P0" `wLD@task2_day3_1HSBY_33j@K<0" /~LD@task2_day3_confidenceHSBY_431PB4 /~LD@task2_day3_3HSBY_43@K<0" /~LD@task2_day3_2HSBY_43J@H<0" /~LD@task2_day3_1HSBY_43>@K<0" otLD@task2_day3_confidenceHSBY_492PB4 otLD@task2_day3_3HSBY_49@H<0" otLD@task2_day3_2HSBY_49@K<0" otLD@task2_day3_1HSBY_49X@K<0" vLD@task2_day3_confidenceHSBY_412PB4 vLD@task2_day3_3HSBY_41@K<0" vLD@task2_day3_2HSBY_41h@H<0" vLD@task2_day3_1HSBY_41"@J<0" W)QLD@task2_day3_3HSBY_46d@J<0" W)QLD@task2_day3_2HSBY_46dust particlesL0" W)QLD@task2_day3_1HSBY_46V@J<0" cmLD@task2_day3_confidenceHSBY_353PB4 cmLD@task2_day3_3HSBY_35@J<0" cmLD@task2_day3_2HSBY_35@H<0" cmLD@task2_day3_1HSBY_35@J<0" BpLD@task2_day3_confidenceHSBY_402PB4 BpLD@task2_day3_3HSBY_40@J<0" BpLD@task2_day3_2HSBY_40@G<0" BpLD@task2_day3_1HSBY_40@I<0" >iLD@task2_day3_confidenceHSBY_363PB4 >iLD@task2_day3_3HSBY_36&@I<0" >iLD@task2_day3_2HSBY_36 @I<0" >iLD@task2_day3_1HSBY_36@I<0" |@LD@task1_day3_confidenceHSBY_373PB4 S>LD@task1_day3_confidenceHSBY_453PB4 S>LD@task1_day3_2HSBY_45`@I<0" S>LD@task1_day3_1HSBY_45@H<0" ^X=LD@task1_day3_confidenceHSBY_392PB4 ^X=LD@task1_day3_2HSBY_39@G<0" #6LD@task1_day3_confidenceHSBY_473PB4 #6LD@task1_day3_2HSBY_47@H<0" #6LD@task1_day3_1HSBY_47@H<0" |@LD@task1_day3_2HSBY_37@G<0" |@LD@task1_day3_1HSBY_37@G<0" z5,LD@task1_day3_confidenceHSBY_333PB4 z5,LD@task1_day3_2HSBY_33- peripheral vision T0" z5,LD@task1_day3_1HSBY_33@G<0" `As the water effect increases, so does the temperature. As the water effect decreases, so does the temperature.Non linear because the points on the temperature graph are jagged.The stronger/lighter the albedo is, the amount of heat rays that become absorbed (and turned into infra-red)lessens and becomes nearly zero. When this happens the temperature drops dramatically and the dust particles in the air gather at a small corner close to the land. If the amount of fossil fuel use is increased, then the land becomes hotter very quickly and heats the dust particles in the air. The ocean too rises in temperature however it does so at a slower rate.In both models a pattern is observed. Both models have a cycle like pattern, in which one individual is affected by another, creating an affect on the whole group.The pattern of dust movement observed is created by the property of air that makes hot air rise and cold air sink. The raise in temperature of air is affected by the albedo and fossil fuel use. it determines the amount of solar radiation reflected back into space, and therefore affects the temperature rise. The less solar radiaton reflected, the higher the temperature rises due to the solar rays being transformed into infrared rays which warm the atmosphere. High fossil fuel usage raises the temperature quicker as they affect the solar rays, when they are reflected back onto the earths surface, increasing the amount of infrared rays.Both of the models have a cause and effect. Both of them emerge together due to conditions, however the condtions are different for each of the models. The bird model had conditions that related to the birds for example their vision, but in the wind and storm model, they emergence depended on the surrounding environment for example the temperature due to fossil fuels and albedo. Another difference is that the emergence in the bird model is represented by the birds, however in the second model, emergence was represented with dust particlesdLVAL vb(~The temperature is non-linear because it goes up and down for a long period of time. In this example, winds form when hot air rises and leaves a space for the cold air to move in. A storm forms when the air movement becomes fast and rapid, the hot and the cold air clash because the hot air is rising too slowly while the cold air is moving fast. This creates a storm.The similarities between the two models is how the solar radiation that enters the earth all go in one direction, just as the direction the movement of the flock of birds are moving in. However, with the wind and storm model, although depending on the albedo and other factors, the solar heat is often reflected back into space and therefore causing the dust particles to move around in a circle. This is not apparent in the bird flock model, as with that model the birds only move one way and do not return the other way.The main property that creates the patterns that we observe in the model is the albedo, as it determines how much solar radiation enters the earth's atmosphere and is reflected back into space.When the albedo is raised, the incoming solar heat is reflected back up so that the majority of the heat is kept on the land and in the air, increasing the temperature above land slightly, and only increasing the temperature above the sea even more slightly. The usage of fossil fuel speeds up this process so that the temperature above the land is a lot higher in comparison to the original setting, with the temperature above sea still higher, but not as high as the land temperature.The albedo's strength determines the temperature pattern, if the albedo is strong, the temperature drops and if it is weak, then the temperature rises. The temperature determines the movement of the dust particles. The hotter it is, the faster and more erratic are the movements of the dust particles, if the temperature is very cold, then the dust particles don't move much and gather in a corner of the map. LVALp dZThe difference in temperature. When hot air rises and cool air sinks it creates a circular convection current, which then creates the winds and storms, depending on its speed.In the bird flocking model, the birds fly in completely random directions, their movement decisions are made entirely locally (dependent on the other birds and vision). In the climate model, the air is driven by different temperatures and is also reliant on its environment. At a micro level, these patterns appear random and reliant on specific environments. However, at a macro level, there is an emergent pattern in both models, one with birds flocking together and the other with a convection current occuring.Winds form by masses of air that are different in pressure or temperature coming together. Storms form specifically by cool and warm masses of air colliding, resulting in the rapidly rising warm air over the cool dense air, condensing to form clouds, resulting in rain and storm. Emergence is when you can only observe a pattern when looking at the model on a larger scale. In autumn, when the leaves fall onto the floor, they fall randomly. However if you wait for a while and look at where the leaves move after the wind blows, you can see that they move together. But if you only at one leaf, it seems to just move to any random place.If you take one sample of the whole, and only observe that one object, a pattern will not be seen. However if you look at the whole, with many objects, then a pattern is evident and can be easily observed. e.g. Bird flocks: If you only have one of the birds, you wouldn't be able to view the pattern of flocking and creating flocks. If you have many, then you can see how flocks form easily. Wind and Storm: If you only follow one dust particle, then the flow of air cannot be seen. If you look at a larger sample, then the flow of air/dust particles can be easily observed.~LVAL :Emergence is the concept which involves the accumulative result of several relatively basic or simpler processes leading up to a more complex seres of systems and methods. One example is the cycle of fashion.Emergence is the combining of small actions and changes that form a complex pattern. An example of this is the gathering of ants, their gathering is a result of their individual actions, like the birds.In the bird model, the individual behaviour of the birds (allignment, cohesion, separation) resulted in the flocking of the birds. In the wind and storm model, snall changes in the rate of the albedo and fossil fuels resulted in the changing of temperature, which created strong winds and storms.Storms form when two different bodies of air with different temperatures meet. This difference in temperature creates winds and storms. If there is a great difference in temperature then strong winds and strong storms will occur. Emergence is the formation of properties over time. For example, all animals of the same species i have seen tend to come together.When the difference in temperature of the land and sea increases, it encourages the dust particles to start rotating, and form a convection current. The higher the difference, the stronger the movement is, therefore causing wind and storm.Emergence is the appearance of a pattern when you look at a situation at a macro level. Once you step back and look at a situation as a whole, you may find an emerging pattern. Life could be described as an emergent pattern. If you look at children growing up in different areas in the world and take their IQ and income as an adult, you would probably find a pattern (higher income in developed areas, lower income in developing areas). However, at a micro level, it might seem extremely varied and random the IQ and income of the individual people, especially as different experiences in their life would contribute to the outcome (upbringing, education, wealth).LVAL j Emergence is applied on a macro(?) level where patterns of behaviour are shown by the agents which can only be caused if there is more than one of the agents. Eg. The birds cannot flock unless there are at least 2 birds and similarly in the wind model, the dust particles move together in a pattern as a whole, according to their behaviour.Winds are formed from the diference in temperature, where masses of air which are different in pressure or temperature move in a convection current(hot air rising and cold air moving into the space of the hot air). When there is a bigger difference of temperature, the wind moves more rapidly which causes storms. Storms are also caused by the collision of hot and cold air which is caused by rapid movement of wind and temperature difference.Emergence is the notion that a pattern is formed from the combining of individuals and can be viewed from a macro level. Emergence does not rely on the one individual, but the presence of the individual in a group. An example is when an atom interacts with another atom to create a compound or mixture. There is no pattern for the atoms on the micro level, however on the macro level, they can merge together to form everything around us. Emergence applies to the two models on a macro level, where as an individual, they do not influence the end result ie. the emergence of the flocks or the particles. However, looking at the models as a whole, and not just an individual, we can see that there is a pattern that emerges. Emergence is not present at the indivdual level.Winds are formed from the different temperatures between the land and ocean. The bigger the difference in the temperature ie. the temperature of above land increases, the faster the particle moves, creating bigger winds. Storms are formed when hot air rises and meets with the colder air. The faster the movement of the air the bigger the movement, therefore creating a storm.LVAL 6 TWinds form when heated, light air masses rise, and move, pushing cool, dense air masses away from the area of their origin. The difference between the average temperature between the two places creates the movement, and therefore wind. A storm is created when a cold front advances on a warm front, and forces the light, hto air to rise extremely quickly. The hot air then condenses at an extremely fast rate, forming clouds, and when the clouds are saturated enough, which happens fairly fast due to the quickly condesnsing hot air, it rains. The movement of the air would also create windEmergence is the way of how little components all cluster and gather together, and on a large scale, this forms a pattern to emerge. An example from our own experience is after school ends, all the students come from different directions from the school, but we all end up exiting the school in the same direction. This causes a pattern to emerge.Emergence is evident in both models. In the bird model, in the beginning, the birds fly in random directions but flock together later on, forming a pattern to emerge. In the wind and storm model, the difference in temperature causes the dust particles to be moved in a pattern. Winds and storms form from the difference in temperature between the air of the land and sea. When hot air rises, and cooler air rushes in, it pushes the warm air up and into a circular pattern. This cycle repeats itself because warm air will always rise and there will always be incoming cooler air. This cycle causes winds, or 'sea-breezes'. Emergence is the explantaion that large groups of 'agents' allow patterns to form that emerge from the comlexity and behaviours of the group/number of agents, that cannot be achieved on its own(observation of nature). For example atoms, which on its own, cannot create new patterns, but if there are more than one atom, patterns can emerge from the properties and behaviours of the atoms together.LVAL <<The concept of Emergence applies in both models; in the bird-flocking model we observe the emergence of a series of patterns in the method of the birds direction of flight. Through the bird's interactions with each other, such as Alignment,Separation and Cohesion the observation of the emergence of a series of patterns is observed. In the climate model we observe the emergence of a pattern that is process of wind and the convection current. This is effected through the temperature cycle and the movement of the dust particles.They are created by the movement of air due to differences in temperature. Hot air rises and cool air descends, creating shifts in air which we experience as winds. When hot air rises rapidly due to rapid heating, cold air sinks rapidy but is also warmed which causes it to rise, creating strong winds, and paired with rapid evaporation and therefore heavy clouds, a storm is created.Emergence is a pattern that arises on a macro scale. Emergence does not apply on a micro scale, because it would niot display a pattern in the masses, only in a singular form, which would not do justice to the pattern. For example, if you want to collect water in a bowl when it rains, and it rains one drop, which does not place in the bowl, you cannot make the justified statement that all of the raindrops would not place in the bowl. However, if it rains for a while with many raindrops, you would be able to see a pattern emerging that the rain would start to collect at a certain rate in the bowl. A pattern that emerges at a macro level. For example, in the bird model, when a bird sees another bird, it flies to it, and all the birds do the same, eventually following the same pattern, flying in the same direction. 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It keeps rising and falling.The higher the water feedback, the higer the temperature. the air if heated the hot air rises and then the cold air tries to get in but instead it just causes that to get heated and rise as well making the wind go faster causing... WINDS! storms are pretty much severe winds...Emergence is when at the micro level, the organisms aren't programmed to behave a certain way, so when you examine each individual particle it seems to act randomly. At the macro level, however, we can see patterns and trends beginning to emerge that aren't obvious at an individual level. For instance, like the birds in the flocking model, fish often swim in schools.In the flocking model, it's not obvious which pattern the birds are following when you examine them individually, but when you look at them as a whole, they start flocking. In the wind and storm model, the dust particles seem to move individually, but they start following a certain pattern when you take an overview of the model.When the land is heated up by the sun, the warmer air rises and cooler air from the sea rushes in to replace it. That is a breeze. Storms are produced by increasing temperature difference--when the difference between sea and land temperatures are greater.Emergence is where you look at a wider scale of a model and there isn't a clear pattern but at a macro and micro view of individual particles,a pattern eventually becomes apparent. One person watches a YouTube video and others start following the trend and eventually the video becomes viral and everyone starts watching it.In the first model, the birds at first travel in random directions but after they see other birds they eventually follow eachother and a pattern emerges. For the second model, when the temperature changes, the direction of the particles change and a pattern in their movement also eventually becomes clear.FLVAL 6  >flinear, because it always seems to go from the left to the right of the screen and at quite a constant pace.There is a linear relationship between the response of the fire to the cover density.The higher the density, the easier it is for the fire to progress through the forest.How albedo and the water effect impact on global temperature.Non linear because the points are jagged and not rising at a constant rate.The concept of emergence, relating to when simple rules of things in the world at a micro level interact at each other at a complex level and producing a pattern that is the emergent, is shown in the two models through the simple rules that exist with both the flock of birds and convection current. The birds follow each other and end up travelling in the same direction, even though their starting positions were completely random. The dust particles in the wind and storm model also have completely random positions and had no regular movement when investigated at a micro level, but once the air is heated and there is a change in temperature, the convection current forms and through the wind emerges a cycle.Winds form from the difference in temperature between two locations - the sea and the land. The air above the land heats up faster than the air above the water, because water takes a lot of energy to change its temperature. The air above the land rises because it is hot, and the air above the sea moves to take its place, then the hot air eventually cools down, and the cycle starts again. This is called convection current.emergence occurs on a macro scale. the agents dont intend to be affected by other agents, but end up with an emerging pattern that wasn't necessarily meant to happen.air thats temperature is higher rises above the cooler less dense air. because of this the cooler air rushes in to fill the empty space left by the heated air. the movement of the air is felt as wind. when the current of the air movement becomes more extreme, storms are formed.LVAL  the percentage burned becomes slightly linear from 60% to 70% density. Anything lower than that and the fire seems to spread in a non linear unpredicatable pattern, with very lower percentage burned. At 55% density around 3% is burnt. However, at 59% around 50% is burnt. There is a really sudden change due to the tipping point.The denser the forest the easier it is for fire to spread from tree to tree as they are closer together. This may be because the fire can only spread across trees not across non wooded areas. Less density means more gap/space between the trees, so the fire can't 'jump' from the treetops as easily.When albedo feedback is on and water effect is increased, the temperature is jagged but slowly rising. As the temperature falls, more ice is formed and the albedo goes up. When the temperature rises, the amount of water vapour goes up and the ice melts and the albedo falls.As the water-effect slider is at full, the temperture rises but whe the water effect slider is low, the temperture drops. As the temperture increases more water in the ocean evaporates into the atmoshpere and is turned into water vapour.If the density of the forest cover is higher, the fire has less chance of dying out, and progresses much more rapidly than if it's lower.Not very linear. The temperature goes up at a fast rate with occasional stutters in the graph, until it reaches a dynamic equilibrium. The concept of emergence relates to when simple rules of things in the world at a micro level interact with each other at a complex level and produces a pattern that is the emergent property that can be viewed at a macro level. An example that can be looked at is the formation of humans, which are living things that are formed by the complex interactions of a great amount of atoms. Although the atoms themselves do not have a particular pattern, when they react humans form as the emerging pattern.LVAL \  t : F<It appears that the denser the forest the more area is burnt. This may be because the fire travels much more easily, have vegetaion to extend onto tightly packed around. The less dense the forest the further the flames have to reach to take hold.The response of temperature to water feedback is non linear. This is so, as the temperature increases and decreases at a rate that is not sustained throughout the whole graph. The degree of water feedback affects the temperature of the system, because the temperature changes. The temperature changes in the system, because it goes up. Also, in this system, the level of carbon dioxide and the carbon in the ocean decreases. it is kind of non-linear as the temperature is constantly changing but increases either way. The temperature rises when the water-effect is increased.The response of the temperature to water feedback is not linear. This is becasue it does not follow the trends in the water feedback.it is non-linear and the temperature seems to change almost randomly. No stability. There are so many influencing factors.No water feedback makes the temperature change - drastically up and down. the Albedo feedback when turned on makes the temperature drop whilst making the temperature change more stable. With water feedback turned on, the temperature becomes a lot more stable than if it was turned off.The temperature of the system doesn't seem to be affected by the water feedback.The response of the fire to cover density is non-linear. The fire only moves where there are neigbouring trees for it to spread to.The more dense the forest is, the quicker the fire is able to burn through it. It is easier for the fire to spread to other trees nearby when the fire is bigger.the higher the density the easier the fire finds it to go through the forest. this is because there are more trees and therefore more fuel for the fire ot use to burn, it also moives faster at a higher density.7y3^u. Y  p ) , C Z u.E@k;R i"MALRSD@task1_day4_1HSBY_24@ \<0" q= SD@task1_day4_confidenceHSBY_213PB4 q= SD@task1_day4_2HSBY_21@ \<0" q= SD@task1_day4_1HSBY_21@ \<0" oSD@task2_day4_3HSBY_19@ \<0" oSD@task2_day4_2HSBY_19@ \<0" oSD@task2_day4_1HSBY_19@\<0" 4 SD@task2_day4_confidenceHSBY_252PB4 4 SD@task2_day4_3HSBY_25@\<0" 4 SD@task2_day4_2HSBY_25R@\<0" 4 SD@task2_day4_1HSBY_256@\<0" wRD@task2_day4_confidenceHSBY_222PB4 wRD@task2_day4_3HSBY_22@\<0" wRD@task2_day4_2HSBY_22@\<0" wRD@task2_day4_1HSBY_22d@\<0" _!RD@task1_day4_confidenceHSBY_502PB4 _!RD@task1_day4_2HSBY_50J@\<0" _!RD@task1_day4_1HSBY_50f@\<0" HSD@task1_day4_2HSBY_58@ [<0" HSD@task1_day4_1HSBY_58@[<0" nQSD@task1_day4_confidenceHSBY_261PB4 nQSD@task1_day4_2HSBY_26the response is non linearX0" nQSD@task1_day4_1HSBY_26@[<0" 6RD@task1_day4_confidenceHSBY_601PB4 6RD@task1_day4_2HSBY_60@[<0" 6RD@task1_day4_1HSBY_60@[<0" SD@task1_day4_2HSBY_2@[:." SD@task1_day4_1HSBY_2@[:." RD@task1_day4_confidenceHSBY_224PB4 RD@task1_day4_2HSBY_22@[<0" RD@task1_day4_1HSBY_22@[<0" SD@task1_day4_confidenceHSBY_192PB4 ?RD@task1_day4_confidenceHSBY_483PB4 ?RD@task1_day4_2HSBY_48@[<0" ?RD@task1_day4_1HSBY_48@ Y<0" ;6RD@task1_day4_confidenceHSBY_301PB4 MRSD@task1_day4_confidenceHSBY_271PB4 MRSD@task1_day4_2HSBY_27`@ Y<0" MRSD@task1_day4_1HSBY_27@ Y<0" ߦRD@task1_day4_confidenceHSBY_252PB4 ߦRD@task1_day4_2HSBY_25@Y<0" ߦRD@task1_day4_1HSBY_25r@Y<0" SD@task1_day4_2HSBY_19 @Y<0" ͫSD@task2_day4_2HSBY_55@Y<0" ͫSD@task2_day4_1HSBY_55:@Y<0" SD@task1_day4_1HSBY_19@Y<0" &XRD@task1_day4_confidenceHSBY_562PB4 &XRD@task1_day4_2HSBY_56@Y<0" &XRD@task1_day4_1HSBY_56B@Y<0"  RD@task1_day4_confidenceHSBY_523PB4  RD@task1_day4_2HSBY_52@W<0" rLVAL  ( TVThis is a non-linear response because the fire does not neccesarily burn the same amount of forest even if the forest is the same density, and the amount of forest burned in relation to the density changes rapidly at some levels and slowly at others. e.g. between 56% and 70% we see a vast change in the amount of forest burnt and the likelihood that the fire will reach the far right-hand edge.1. The denser the forest cover is, the higher the percentage of forest is burned by the fire. 2. The chance of the fire reaching the right hand side of the model is higher due to more forest cover. This could be due to the increase of fuel (more trees), and the denser the forest, the less space there is for wind which allows the fire to travel in a more directed direction (by physical contact of plant to plant as oppose to fire carried by wind to another plant). when you increase the water affect the temperature increases rapidly, the amounof carbon in the atmosphere due to human impact.The response of the fire is non-linear, as the fire spreads according to flora placement. This is usually uneven, with small patches of dirt, so the fire spreads in cautiflower shape, uneven. THe higher the density the quicker the fire wil spread, as the fire will latch onto the trees easily. For the first 700 years, the response of temperature to water feedback is linear. Since the water cycle is a closed cycle, it becomes steady after a while, as no extra water enters the atmosphere.The degree of water feedback affects the temperature by making it rise however it then steadies into a dynamic equilibrium. The extra water molecules in the atmosphere enhances the greenhouse effect. the response of temperature to water feedback is non linear as it varies sometimes because of stuff as the water feedback goes up, so does the temperature of the system.It seems to be non-linear as the fire spreads randomly, into whatever direction it can, even though it begins in a line.@LVALP R l  4`jWhen the water-effect is set to its maximum, the temperature rises rapidly towards 80.1 degrees celcius and if it is set to its minimum, the temperature decreases rapidly, until it reaches a certain temperature and then it stays constant. It may be because the amount of water vapour creates more cloud cover, which traps heat.The response of temperature to water feedback is non-linear. This is because the water feedback causes the temperature to rise and fall, and it results in inconsistency, which is also non-linear. The temperature rises steadily as the water feedback affect increases. The water affect raises the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, which will increase the temperture from the carbon dioxide released from the oceanic absorption. The key ideas about this model is to display the effects of water feedback in relation to the temperature.The water feedback is linear as it follows the same patterns as water feedback.As water feedback increases, after a period of lag, temperature also follows the same trend, although it does follow after a period of time. This pattern is the opposite and true in the case of water feedback decrease. To measure the water effect on the world and how albedo is related to it.It is linear. only when the albedo is on.When the albedo feedback is on the temperature rises at a very slow rate. However when it is off,the temperature rises in a linear fashion at faster rate. i think that the key ideas in this model are that the water feedback changes temperaturethe response of temperature to water feedback is non linear. i don't know whythe temperature stays stable when the albedo is onLinear, since there is a direct relationship between tree density and percentage of forest burnt. If you were to graph the data, it would appear linear relationship.More dense forests acts as fuel to the fire, therefore the denser the fire the quicker the fire spreads. The less trees there are, the less the fire spreads as there is less fuel.jLVALLj The response of temperature to water feedback is linear. This is so, as the temperature increases when the water feedback increases, and vice versa. The degree of water feedback that affects the temperature of the system when Albedo feedback is on is not a lot. However, the temperature increases when the water feedback is increased, but it does not become as high when the Albedo feedback is turned off. The response of temperature to water feedback is rather linear because the changes in the temperature follows the changes to the water feedback and responds and follows the pattern.The degree of water feedback affects the temperature of the system by the amount of water vapour in the atmosphere. If the degree of water feedback increases, the overall temperature also increases because more water vapour is produced and since water vapour is a greenhouse gas, more heated is trapped in the atmosphere, therefore making it warmer.The fire starts on the left edge of the forest, and spreads to neighboiouring trees. The fire spreads in four directions: north, south, east and west. The model assumes that there is no wind. So, the fire must have trees along its path in order to advance. That is, the firs cannot skip over an unwooded area (patch), so such a patch blocks the fire's motion in that direction.There may be some outliers due to the fact that the model randomly generates where the trees are spaced, where as the fire is always set from the same one side, which makes the results inconsistant. Despite all of this the average results make a linear relationship between the density of the forest and the percentage of trees burnt.The more dense the trees are the easier it is for the fire to burn it all. The less trees there are close together, the less trees that are able to get burnt as the fire cannot jump over the large gap in the canopy, without the high density.It is linear in a sense that the temperature goes up as the water feedback becomes higher.y3^u. E p  s , C Z  by2I`wz38czE#SD@task2_day4_1HSBY_26J@a<0" 8SD@task1_day4_confidenceHSBY_593PB4 ؂-TD@task4_day4_3HSBY_51@@a<0" ؂-TD@task4_day4_2HSBY_51<@a<0" ؂-TD@task4_day4_1HSBY_51D@a<0" 8SD@task1_day4_2HSBY_59@`<0" 8SD@task1_day4_1HSBY_59@`<0" SD@task1_day4_confidenceHSBY_23N@4 oSSD@task1_day4_confidenceHSBY_623PB4 oSSD@task1_day4_2HSBY_62@`<0" oSSD@task1_day4_1HSBY_62@`<0" oSD@task2_day4_confidenceHSBY_192PB4 HSD@task1_day4_confidenceHSBY_583PB4 UJTSD@task2_day4_confidenceHSBY_562PB4 UJTSD@task2_day4_3HSBY_56@`<0" UJTSD@task2_day4_2HSBY_56@`<0" UJTSD@task2_day4_1HSBY_56@`<0"  SD@task1_day4_confidenceHSBY_232PB4  SD@task1_day4_2HSBY_23@`<0"  SD@task1_day4_1HSBY_23|@ _<0" X SD@task1_day4_confidenceHSBY_292PB4 X SD@task1_day4_2HSBY_29@ _<0" X SD@task1_day4_1HSBY_29<@ _<0" e SD@task2_day4_confidenceHSBY_292PB4 e SD@task2_day4_3HSBY_29@ _<0" e SD@task2_day4_2HSBY_29J@_<0" e SD@task2_day4_1HSBY_29@_<0" x SD@task1_day4_confidenceHSBY_613PB4 x SD@task1_day4_2HSBY_61It is linear.K0" x SD@task1_day4_1HSBY_61@_<0" z*0 SD@task2_day4_confidenceHSBY_531PB4 z*0 SD@task2_day4_3HSBY_53@_<0" z*0 SD@task2_day4_2HSBY_53@_<0" z*0 SD@task2_day4_1HSBY_53B@_<0" X SD@task1_day4_confidenceHSBY_531PB4 X SD@task1_day4_2HSBY_53n@_<0" ͫSD@task2_day4_confidenceHSBY_553PB4 ͫSD@task2_day4_3HSBY_55@_<0" *;LSD@task2_day4_confidenceHSBY_271PB4 *;LSD@task2_day4_3HSBY_27@_<0" *;LSD@task2_day4_2HSBY_27*@]<0" *;LSD@task2_day4_1HSBY_27@]<0" SD@task1_day4_confidenceHSBY_312PB4 SD@task1_day4_2HSBY_31j@]<0" SD@task1_day4_1HSBY_31@]<0" X SD@task1_day4_1HSBY_53@]<0" /RD@task1_day4_confidenceHSBY_513PB4 /RD@task1_day4_2HSBY_51@]<0" /RD@task1_day4_1HSBY_51@]<0" ALRSD@task1_day4_confidenceHSBY_241PB4 ALRSD@task1_day4_2HSBY_24@]<0" vLVAL \  LWhen the degree of water feedback is increased, the temperature of the system increases. The more water vapour that there is in the air the more humid leading to an increase in temperature. nonlinear. The temperature rises and falls and there is no pattern to the variation. If you increase the water effect the temperaure gradually rises over time. If you apply albedo-feedback the temperature does not rise or fall with variation. To observe how changing the variables of climate affects the temperature of the earth. the temperature is non-linear because the temperature varies and rises for a prolonged period of time and peaks until it stays stable for a while and slowly drops. The higher the water feedback the higher the temperature rises whilst albedo feedback was turned on. The denser the trees are in the forest, the faster the fire burns - and vice versa. The threshold is around 59%, this is the lowest percentage of cover that allows the fire to reach the other side.They are both disgusting. Especially for people who suffer from trypophobia. Both equibrillium.It is not linear. It is going in an irregular pattern however the temperature ranges from certain temps.The albedo depends on the temperature. As temperature falls, 'more ice is formed' and the albedo goes up. When the temperature rises, the 'ice melts' and the albedo falls. When the temperature rises, the amount of water vapour goes up by and amount controlled by the water-effect slider.non-linear as they spread in four different directions.Relationship is non linear. Unpredictable. One was based on water, the other fire. Non-living partsThe key ideas of this model include water feedback, Albedo feedback and temperature. These ideas help show how the relation of all these elements can interrelate with each other. On the graphs, we can view their relation in accordance with each other, and then we can infer how they are related, either in a linear or non-linear pattern. LVAL$j v X0The response of fire to cover density is not linear. the fire behaves in a pattern until the foilage cover is upped to a certain level, then the fire behaves differently so the pattern is not linear. the higher the density of forest, the more the fire is able to spread due to the increased foilage mass and decreased space between trees. this space decrease allows the fire to travel far more easily in all directions (although wind plays a role in this) and fire will travel towards unused fuel supplies - in most cases forward. density linear because the fire's power depends on its use of oxygen to combust and its combustion power depends on how much forest greenery it has to burn. its speed and time depends on the distance and there is a certain way according to how the trees and other greenery are placed in the model that affects the fire's life force and its speed.The less dense the forest the less the fire burns. However with a denser forest the fire is fast and burns the entire forest. The more dense the forest the closer the branches creating a pathway for the fire to burn assuming there is no wind in the program. The less dense the furter apart the branches leaving the fire no room to travel and less pathways of the forest to burn till eventually it is cut off from the rest of the forest greens.The first fire model was non-linear, and there were less factors involved that could change the cycle. It's not exactly linear because there are other factors that change the feedback, it's more complicated. There is a relationship between the temperature and water feedback but we are unsure if the patterns and changes that occur are actually linear.The degree of water feedback affects the temperature of the system when Albedo feedback is on by the relationship between water feedback, temperature, and the Albedo. It works as a chain reaction that affects the system.It is not linear because the graph line fluctuates from an increase to a decrease and ultimately an increase. rLVAL @ l048we found the right model finally but we couldnt see any effect with the water ;)It is non-linear, as although generally, the temperature of the system goes up, it doesn't increase in a straight manner but instead constantly moves up and down slightly. This response is the opposite of when the albedo feedback is turned off, which causes the temperature to constantly go up or down in a straight line.No matter what level the water effect is at, if the albedo feedback is on, the temperature just continues to gradually increase, but constantly moves up and down as it increases in general.The higher the water feedback, the higher the temperature. The amount of carbon in the ocean and atmosphere did not change. The amount of carbon in trees and sheep remained the same.The response is non-linear. The temperature keeps on rising and falling.Albedo feedback causes the temperature of the system to rise at first and fall again.to discover he long term affects due to small changes to the equilibrium.it is increasing but not at a rapid pace when the albedo is turned onthe albedo depends on the temperatureIn the fire model, it is when you had the right amount of density that the fire could burn to the other side of the model from where it started. In the climate model, the tipping point is when there is enough water effect and albedo to make the temperature rise without falling back down.In the climate model the temperature would drastically spike with the increase of the water effect and albedo. Though it would not be a definate tipping point as it comes dowm slightly anyway. In the fire model the tipping point is when the fire can travel a long way without going out.The more albedo, the more co2 that is dissolved into the atmosphere and the water feedback also contributes to the results. This affect in response to the fossil fuel usage is in the temperature going down as the light gets reflected and so does not heat up the atmosapheric carbon-dioxide.y4rB Y  p ) @ W  n ' >i9P i$Ap)@>RSD@task2_day4_3HSBY_42^@e<0" >RSD@task2_day4_2HSBY_42not quite linear relationsipZ0" >RSD@task2_day4_1HSBY_42@e<0"  JSD@task2_day4_confidenceHSBY_601PB4  JSD@task2_day4_3HSBY_60z@e<0"  JSD@task2_day4_2HSBY_60@e<0"  JSD@task2_day4_1HSBY_60@d<0" $}D@task2_day4_3HSBY_2@d:." $}D@task2_day4_2HSBY_2@ d:." $}D@task2_day4_1HSBY_2@ d:." sjSD@task2_day4_confidenceHSBY_31N@4 sjSD@task2_day4_3HSBY_3@ d:." sjSD@task2_day4_2HSBY_3@ d:." sjSD@task2_day4_1HSBY_3@ d:." rESD@task2_day4_confidenceHSBY_301PB4 rESD@task2_day4_3HSBY_30@d<0" rESD@task2_day4_2HSBY_30F@d<0" rESD@task2_day4_1HSBY_30B@d<0" v{>SD@task2_day4_confidenceHSBY_232PB4 v{>SD@task2_day4_3HSBY_23@d<0" v{>SD@task2_day4_2HSBY_23R@d<0" v{>SD@task2_day4_1HSBY_23@d<0" 5SD@task2_day4_confidenceHSBY_572PB4 5SD@task2_day4_3HSBY_57@d<0" 5SD@task2_day4_2HSBY_57@d<0" 5SD@task2_day4_1HSBY_57@d<0" *%SD@task2_day4_confidenceHSBY_482PB4 *%SD@task2_day4_3HSBY_48@ c<0" *%SD@task2_day4_2HSBY_488@ c<0" *%SD@task2_day4_1HSBY_48@c<0" 4/SD@task2_day4_confidenceHSBY_213PB4 4/SD@task2_day4_3HSBY_21\@c<0" 4/SD@task2_day4_2HSBY_21L@c<0" 4/SD@task2_day4_1HSBY_21@c<0" 3>TSD@task2_day4_confidenceHSBY_522PB4 3>TSD@task2_day4_3HSBY_52`@c<0" 3>TSD@task2_day4_2HSBY_52@c<0" 3>TSD@task2_day4_1HSBY_52@ a<0" <6*SD@task1_day4_confidenceHSBY_543PB4 <6*SD@task1_day4_2HSBY_54@c<0" <6*SD@task1_day4_1HSBY_54@c<0" eSD@task2_day4_confidenceHSBY_241PB4 eSD@task2_day4_3HSBY_24T@c<0" eSD@task2_day4_2HSBY_24@ a<0" eSD@task2_day4_1HSBY_24z@ a<0" Z "SD@task2_day4_confidenceHSBY_202PB4 Z "SD@task2_day4_3HSBY_20l@a<0" Z "SD@task2_day4_2HSBY_20@a<0" Z "SD@task2_day4_1HSBY_20@a<0" E#SD@task2_day4_confidenceHSBY_262PB4 E#SD@task2_day4_3HSBY_26@a<0" E#SD@task2_day4_2HSBY_26@a<0" xLVAL   vVThe main differences between the two models is that one model has turtles dressed as trees and fire while the other is about climate and water feedback. A simililarity between the two modelsWe cannot determine if the relationship is linear or non-linear as we do not have the graph of the water feedback to compare the graph of temperature with. The degree of water feedback affects the temperature, it changes but there is no obvious pattern. The key ideas include the affects of oceanic absorption and water effects on the amount of atmospheric carbon dioxide, which increases and decreases the overall temperature. The response of temperature to water feedback is non-linear. This is because there is an inconcsistency of results, with numerous rises and falls in the temperature. When Albedo feedback is on, the degree of water feedback affect increases, which shows a similar result in the temperature. they both refer to the environment. one of them talks about fire the other one talks about the whole world in general and the relationship of many different things in the environment. the forest fire is very specific to one environment whilst the second one relates ot the earth's environemnt as a whole.it is linear because the water feedback is directly related to the albedo feedback, meaning that when the albedo feedback is changed then the water feedback will change in colleration with the albedo feedbackThey are non linear because the fire spreads north, east, south and west and the fire spreads to the nearest trees which is why the density. The forest fire spreads better when the density is higher. It might be because when its denser, the trees are placed closer together which allows fires to spread easier. The crown of the trees make it easier as the leaves catch on fire.The effect of water feedback on the general temperature and the effect that the albedo feedback has. It seems to bring together most of the things we've learnt as well.LVAL* 0 \DThe lower the water feedback the lower the temperature. When the water feedback rises, so does the temperature. Water in the atmosphere, contributes to the greenhouse effect. The albedo, however, delays the temperature increase.Non-linear as there isn't much of a linear pattern and it fluacuates widely. However, it still increases the temperature after a delay.The degree of water feedback makes it drop and then vary a lot. The amount of water in the ocean evaporating affecting the temperture. Non-linear because the temperature does not go up and down regularly.The temperature is more stable when albedo is off and less stabe when its on.To show the relationship between the water effect and the global temperature.We don't know. Probably non linear.We couldn't find a relation between the temperature and the water feedback when the albedo was on. The temperature dropped and spiked in a seemingly random way. The model shows us the effect of water, albedo and sun brightness on the temperature of the ocean. Non-linear, because the line fluctuates. The temperature of the system still increases. The water feedback alters the levels of albedo and how much light is reflected off. The higher the water feedback, the more heat is trapped by the albedo and vice versa. DIFFERENCES -One is about fire, and one is about climate and temperature. -One model is linear, while the other one is not SIMILARITIES -Both models are related to issues about the environment and climate changeNon-linear as they don't increase or decrease at a certain rate. When albedo is on and the water feedback is on lowest temperature is -3 and the highest temperature is 14. When albedo is on water feedback is off, the lowest temperature is 3 and the highest temperature is 11. Therefore when water feedback is on, the temperature range is larger than when it is off. The water-effect causes the temperature to go higher.LVALt@ 4  ( j,fIncrease in fossil fuel usage and the water effect results in an increase of temperature. Both models display systems that rely on relationships which are not linear but rather have 'tipping points'. they are different because one of them is about bushfres and the other one is about climate.No. the relationship is not linear. the temperature remains steady untill the water feedback reaches a certain point, then the temperature drops rapidly.1. When the water effect is higher and the albedo feedback is on, the higher the temperature rises.It's like on a see-saw, at first if both people have a similar mass then it will balance. But if one side suddenly increases to a much higher mass then they will drop and tip the balance.In the fire model, after we reached a certain percentage of density the fire would definitely reach the other side of the screen. Similarly in the climate model, if you increase the water-feedback to a certain level it will increase dramatically and not decrease back down again, it breaks the original 'equilibrium' pattern of going up and down.It's initially in a state of equilibrium, which means that changing this state could possibly cause a tipping point. The temperature increases dramatically in the combined effect of both Water feedback and burning of fossil fuels.The key ideas about this model is to show the relationship between the degree of water feedback and the temperature and how albedo plays a role in this system.The response of temperature to water feedback is linearAlbedo feedback makes the linear relationship between the degree of water feedback and the temperature more regular and constant when increasing and decreasing.Similarity: both are in a closed environment Increasing the water feedback causes the temperature to go up however, nothing else changes. One model is linear, one is not, while they both have trees. Linear, as the temperature changes generally with the water feedback. y5^u. Y p ) @ W  ' Ds,CZ8cG^@PSD@task4_day4_4HSBY_22@i<0" @PSD@task4_day4_3HSBY_22@i<0" @PSD@task4_day4_2HSBY_22@i<0" @PSD@task4_day4_1HSBY_22@ h<0" ߦSD@task4_day4_confidenceHSBY_531PB4 ߦSD@task4_day4_4HSBY_53@ h<0" ߦSD@task4_day4_3HSBY_53@ h<0" ߦSD@task4_day4_2HSBY_53n@ h<0" ߦSD@task4_day4_1HSBY_53`@ h<0" TD@task4_day4_4HSBY_19@i<0" TD@task4_day4_3HSBY_19L@h<0" TD@task4_day4_2HSBY_19@h<0" TD@task4_day4_1HSBY_19@h<0" uSD@task4_day4_4HSBY_25bye.B0" uSD@task4_day4_3HSBY_25@h<0" uSD@task4_day4_2HSBY_25@h<0" uSD@task4_day4_1HSBY_25@h<0" tSD@task2_day4_confidenceHSBY_623PB4 tSD@task2_day4_3HSBY_62@h<0" tSD@task2_day4_2HSBY_62@ g<0" tSD@task2_day4_1HSBY_62@h<0" SD@task2_day4_confidenceHSBY_512PB4 SD@task2_day4_3HSBY_51@h<0" SD@task2_day4_2HSBY_51V@ g<0" SD@task2_day4_1HSBY_51@ g<0" #TD@task4_day4_4HSBY_2r@ g:." #TD@task4_day4_3HSBY_2@g:." #TD@task4_day4_2HSBY_2@g:." #TD@task4_day4_1HSBY_2@g:." $}D@task2_day4_confidenceHSBY_23N@4  iSD@task2_day4_confidenceHSBY_542PB4  iSD@task2_day4_3HSBY_54@g<0"  iSD@task2_day4_2HSBY_54@g<0"  iSD@task2_day4_1HSBY_54@g<0" ϊFTD@task4_day4_confidenceHSBY_301PB4 ϊFTD@task4_day4_4HSBY_30@g<0" ϊFTD@task4_day4_3HSBY_30@g<0" ϊFTD@task4_day4_2HSBY_30@g<0" ϊFTD@task4_day4_1HSBY_30@e<0" 6*eSD@task2_day4_confidenceHSBY_583PB4 6*eSD@task2_day4_3HSBY_58@ e<0" 6*eSD@task2_day4_2HSBY_582@ e<0" 6*eSD@task2_day4_1HSBY_58@ e<0" *;LTD@task4_day4_confidenceHSBY_562PB4 *;LTD@task4_day4_4HSBY_56x@ e<0" *;LTD@task4_day4_3HSBY_56@ e<0" *;LTD@task4_day4_2HSBY_56@e<0" *;LTD@task4_day4_1HSBY_56@e<0" TkWSD@task2_day4_confidenceHSBY_311PB4 TkWSD@task2_day4_3HSBY_31>@e<0" TkWSD@task2_day4_2HSBY_31n@e<0" TkWSD@task2_day4_1HSBY_31@@e<0" >RSD@task2_day4_confidenceHSBY_422PB4 tLVAL ~ 2 :positive feedback. The feedback incrases the temperature with the water effect.non-linear as the cycle is a closed system.The increase of the water effect makes the water spew out less carbon into the atmosphere and so this makes the temperature go up as the radiation is being trapped in the water and continues into the atmosphere making more clouds to trap the carbon dioxide in.The tipping point is when it keeps going up with delays. A tipping point applies to the Climate Model with Water feedback as each effect contibutes to another.No, no matter how much or how long the temperature increases by, it will always come to an equlibrium. The combined effect of Albedo and Water feedback makes it increase for longer and increase to a higher temperature.They are really similar because they were both non linear and depended on something.non linear because it is on drugs and is crazy becuase it snorted unicorn snot.when the albedo is turned on, the temperature ranges from high to low whereas with no albedo the temperature is around the lower temperatures.Tipping pint is when feedback loops contribute to the consistant rising of temperature without reaching a dynamic equilibrium. As the fossil fuel use increases, it increases the carbon in the atmosphere which traps light and warms up the surface. This increase in temperature melts the ice on top of the ocean which originally reflected heat back into the atmosphere. This results in the heating of the earths oceans and increases the temperature even more.The concept of the tipping point applies to the climate model. When the temperature increases, so does the water vapour in the atmosphere. Since water vapour is a greenhouse gas, the temperature increases beause of it, thus increasing the water vapour again. This creates a cycle in which the temperature keeps on rising.Yes, in some circumstances when the inputs have an effect on the outputs, the temperature rises without reaching an equilibrium.LVALx 8 t F*pthe co2 levels and the temperature of the system increase rapidlyThe concept Tipping Point is a point in a model or cycle where something changes drastically.The density of the forest creates a faster and wider spreading fire in the first model.Yes, when the albedo effect is not as high, it affects.Although it is flucuating, it gradually goes up.The concept of a tipping point applies to this climate model with water feedback as the water feedback in this model contributes to the creation of the tipping point.Yes, there are circumstances where the system is not stable and displays a tipping point. The increased albedo and water feedback, along with the fossil fuel as the system cannot cope with so much heat and CO2.The combined effect of Albedo and Water feedback affect the systems response to fossil fuel by quickening the response. This is due to the increased in heat storage and absorption caused by the albdo and water feedback as well as the fossil fuel usage.IT shows there is a limit to all things. Like there is only certain point where th temperature could only rise too.Unless the settings are dramatically changed, nothing appears to be unstable with the system. The carbon dioxide level increases however the temperature basically stays the same temperature.Both are involved with feedbacks and are results of a single influence-dynamic equilibrium. The fire's model depended on the density and had negative feedback where as the carbon model with the water feedback had positive feedback.the temperature increases causing the albedo effect to decrease where as if the temperature decreases the albedo effect incresases causing a decrease in temperature making the earth unlivable for people.The Fire model is an open system whereas the Climate model with Water Feedback is a closed system. The Fire model also has a linear relationship though this one has a non-linear relationship. TLVAL T "p">~The effect of both the albedo and the water feedback affect the systems response to fossil fuel usage by increasing during the we dont have the macbook its camera went funny so we canT do anythng A tipping point is when the temperature rapidly changes and cannot be reversed. E.g. a train when it gains momentum and cannot stop (for a while at least).When a tipping point is reached, there is nothing we can do or change to bring back stability to the system.When fossil fuel use is at a mazimum and albedo is on the temperature is stable (but very very high). We couldnt find a tipping point.The carbon in the atmosphere is rising.It is like hitting a docial bull until it turns violant or It is like haing an ice cube in a cup of water which you poke enough will make it turn in a circle.When something is taken excessively, something else will rise rapidly. The more coffee you drink, the more alert you are.The temperature goes extremely high when the water effect goes up.No. There has been no event of the system reaching a certain high point then immediately falls rapidly again.Carbon dioxide and carbon in the ocean is going up. There isnt too much change in temperature yet. a tipping point is when the system reaches a certain temperature and can't get higher than thatthe temperature only goes as high as 110 degrees before it flatlines and stays around the same temperaturethe temperature keeps increasing until 110 degrees where it remains stableA tipping point is when a negative system is imbalanced and the input and output are balanced and is almost overwhelmed. It is when the input and the output are not in balance to each other. For exampl,e for the longest time, the Earth's greenhouse effect has been in balance, and has been, thus, a negative system. However, due to the addition of extra greenhouse gases to the atmosphere by humans, the system is no longer in balance, adn is thus a positive system. Thus the Earth is currently experiencing a Tipping Point.8y4`8 c  z 3 ^  . Y  p)@k$n'Ri"%P 0;TD@task4_day4_confidenceHSBY_522PB4 0;TD@task4_day4_4HSBY_52@k<0" 0;TD@task4_day4_3HSBY_52&@n<0" 0;TD@task4_day4_2HSBY_52@n<0" 0;TD@task4_day4_1HSBY_52L@n<0" ؂-TD@task4_day4_confidenceHSBY_513PB4 ΠTD@task4_day4_confidenceHSBY_241PB4 ΠTD@task4_day4_4HSBY_24@n<0" ΠTD@task4_day4_3HSBY_24@n<0" ΠTD@task4_day4_2HSBY_24@n<0" ΠTD@task4_day4_1HSBY_24.@m<0"  TD@task4_day4_confidenceHSBY_553PB4  TD@task4_day4_4HSBY_55.@m<0"  TD@task4_day4_3HSBY_55@m<0"  TD@task4_day4_2HSBY_55@m<0"  TD@task4_day4_1HSBY_55@m<0" E.TD@task4_day4_confidenceHSBY_202PB4 t]D@task4_day4_confidenceHSBY_482PB4 t]D@task4_day4_4HSBY_48h@l<0" t]D@task4_day4_3HSBY_48@l<0" t]D@task4_day4_2HSBY_480@l<0" t]D@task4_day4_1HSBY_48@i<0" y5SD@task4_day4_confidenceHSBY_271PB4 y5SD@task4_day4_4HSBY_27@l<0" y5SD@task4_day4_3HSBY_27P@l<0" y5SD@task4_day4_2HSBY_270@l<0" y5SD@task4_day4_1HSBY_27@l<0" RTD@task4_day4_confidenceHSBY_293PB4 RTD@task4_day4_4HSBY_29@k<0" RTD@task4_day4_3HSBY_29t@k<0" RTD@task4_day4_2HSBY_29@@k<0" RTD@task4_day4_1HSBY_29@k<0" uSD@task4_day4_confidenceHSBY_252PB4 E.TD@task4_day4_4HSBY_20@k<0" E.TD@task4_day4_3HSBY_20@k<0" E.TD@task4_day4_2HSBY_20"@k<0" E.TD@task4_day4_1HSBY_20@k<0" mTD@task2_day4_3HSBY_50<0" mTD@task2_day4_2HSBY_50<0" mTD@task2_day4_1HSBY_50@ i<0" NSD@task4_day4_confidenceHSBY_283PB4 NSD@task4_day4_4HSBY_286@ i<0" NSD@task4_day4_3HSBY_28@ i<0" NSD@task4_day4_2HSBY_28 @ i<0" NSD@task4_day4_1HSBY_28N@ i<0" ؂-TD@task4_day4_4HSBY_51<@i<0" /SD@task4_day4_confidenceHSBY_31N@4 /SD@task4_day4_4HSBY_3@i:." /SD@task4_day4_3HSBY_3@i:." /SD@task4_day4_2HSBY_3@i:." /SD@task4_day4_1HSBY_3@i:." @PSD@task4_day4_confidenceHSBY_224PB4 LVAL h da tipping point is when he fire is too hot and it whips through the forest and you cant go back on itA tipping point is when a variable gets so high to its maximum that the environment cannot remain as a stable equilibriu. An example of a tipping point is when you eat too much and you cannot eat anymore.When variations of the equlibrium are changed in a way that greatly increases or decreases the temperature, the environment cannot remain stable and just continues to rise continuously. When the fossil fuel, Sun brightnes and C02 at the start was increased to its maxiumum and cloud cover was decreased to the minimun the system became unstable. The temperature rises and the CO2 increases with the albedo and water feedback off. The combined effect of Albedo and Water feedback causes the temperature to rise slightly and the co2 of the oceans and air increase.A tipping point is a point that is reached that causes the circumstances or levels to change. For example, if a bottle was about to tip over but it kept rocking back and forth before tipping over, there would be a certain point that it would reach before tipping over completely. This point that is reached would be the 'tipping point'.When the levels of temperature reach a certain point, the range of temperature levels change. This is because the temperature has reached a certain tipping point, caused by the water feedback.yes, the range of levels in the circumstances go higher for a while, then go lower again, because the tipping point is reached quite a few times.The combined effect of albedo and water feedbackdo not link to fossil fuel usage, however the temperatures do rise, meaning that fossil fuel usage would have to be controlled because if more C02 were to be released into the atmosphere as a result of fossil fuel usage, the temperature would be even hotter than it already has become after the effect of albedo and water feedback."LVAL P < :fFthere is the initial stage of he process in reaching a stablised point where it conitinues safely. However the initial stage is very unstable.It can be seen that the higher the water feedback the quicker the temperature rises. This connection can be detected especially when the albedo feedack is on. The temperature rises significantly therefore it is difficult to overlook the connection in the different factors. the tipping point shows when the oceans A tipping point is when the results of the temperature meet a maximum or minimum amount and displays a sudden rise or fall. A tipping point is just a point at which something starts to remain the same, for example when you have to stay up late you tend to get more and more tired until you reach a point where it is physically impossible to be anymore tired and you reach a state of concertration and calm which is quite discerning.In the first model we see a tipping point in how the fire spreads, randomly until the forest is dense enough and then it sweeps over the land in uniform. In the second model the tipping point is changed by the water feedback affect. There are circumstances where the system is not stable. It seems as if the temperature is jagged at random and does know show a definite tipping point. The concept of a tipping point is when the positive system takes over the negative system, making the entire system unbalanced. One example that illustrates this includes the world's greenhouse effect. The concept of a tipping point applies to the climate model with water feedback because the temperature is rising, and all the variables are changing in these systems. Yes, when the water feedback is high, and there is a high usage of fossil fuel, the temperature rises to a dangerous level- around 100 degrees celcius. The combined effects of Albedo and Water feedback affects the systems in response to fossil fuel usage, because the sheep and trees start dying. The temperature and carbon dioxide levels are rising at a slower rate. \LVAL  vThe fossil fuel usage goes up because there is more water vapour in the air and the albedo reflects the light and trapping the heat in the ocean. A large amount of carbon dioxide is emitted into the atmosphere, making the co2 in the atmosphere to consistently increase, while the temperature gradually decreases. The carbon dioxide in the ocean increases as well, but is not in parallel with the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. It is much slower. Also, the albedo is very feint, because the temperature is extremely low but the carbon dioxide is high.Whenever it reaches a certain criteria, there is a dramatic change. it cannot be reversed because you can't return to the situation before the tipping point. The tipping point makes things become permanent because *analogy* something has fallen off a cliff and can't fly back up.The systems are stable until they reach a certain point or criteria, where there is a huge change - tipping point. When fossil fuels were added in it increased temperature and when forest density reached a certain percentage (59%) the fire spread increased more than 10x.whenever fossil fuels are added there is a point of no return as it would take millions of years for it to be removed again. Any addition of fossil fuel usage is a tipping point since the temperature increases dramatically even at 1 GtC/year.More water-effect = higher temperature since water vapour is a greenhouse gas. More albedo effect = lower temperature as more heat is reflected as opposed to absorbed. the temperature drops when albedo is turned on. However the temperature rises dramatically when fossil fuels are added. It is a human impact not natural so the factors cannot adapt. they didn't know we would burn up the remains of animals and plants and burn it causing changes. The carbon cycle is closed so what's there is there. Fossil fuels cause the temperature to rise so drastically as it is more carbon added to the atmosphere increasing the greenhouse effect. jLVALB 0 No, there is not tipping point. This is because the temperature inconsistently rises and falls throughout the results, and does not display an evidence of an excessive amount of heat in the temperature. The temperature and the amount of atmospheric carbdon dioxide dramatically increases when water affects increases. The amount of carbon dioxide in the ocean atmosphere is also increasing. in the forest fire there is the a tipping piont where the fire just goes straight through the forest pretty much demolishing everything in its paththere doesnt seem to be a tipping pount but tbh we only have like 5mins of class left and we cant be bothered figure out if there is one ;)albedo and water feedback affect the fossil fuel usage because when the water and albedo effect is turned up then the fossil fuel usage is also turned up as a result.A tipping point is when there is a positive system, which is caused when the input and output are not equal, because the output adds to the input, instead of being normally consistent and balanced. There is an imbalance towards the input, causing the tipping point.The input, which are the water effect and the fossil fuel use are set to its maximum, the temperature goes up, which causes the output, which is the albedo to melt and therefore is not set to its maximum. This causes the temperature to rise, when normally it is supposed to decrease. Therefore, there is a positive feedback, as the input and output are not equal. This creates a tipping point.It may occur when albedo, water effect and fossil fuel use are all set to its highest. The input, which is the fossil fuel use and water effect causes the temperature to rise. The albedo is supposed to make the temperature to decrease, but because the high temperature from the input causes the albedo to melt, the albedo is not making the temperature to decrease, causing a tipping point and therefore a positive system, where there is an imbalance between the input and output.[y2rz3 J a  x 1 H  s  p)@:=h!k$OfRTD@task4_day4_4HSBY_58 asdfghjklG0" RTD@task4_day4_3HSBY_58@ q<0" RTD@task4_day4_2HSBY_58<0" RTD@task4_day4_1HSBY_58<0" GTD@task4_day4_confidenceHSBY_542PB4 GTD@task4_day4_4HSBY_54^@ q<0" GTD@task4_day4_3HSBY_54t@ q<0" GTD@task4_day4_2HSBY_54d@ q<0" GTD@task4_day4_1HSBY_54@q<0" mTD@task2_day4_confidenceHSBY_501PB4 ]TD@task4_day4_confidenceHSBY_421PB4 ]TD@task4_day4_4HSBY_42h@q<0" ]TD@task4_day4_3HSBY_42@q<0" ]TD@task4_day4_2HSBY_42@q<0" ]TD@task4_day4_1HSBY_42f@q<0" TD@task4_day4_confidenceHSBY_192PB4 贁TD@task4_day4_confidenceHSBY_611PB4 贁TD@task4_day4_4HSBY_61@q<0" 贁TD@task4_day4_3HSBY_61point of no returnP0" 贁TD@task4_day4_2HSBY_61no tipping point findable. Y0" 贁TD@task4_day4_1HSBY_61n@q<0" p= TD@task4_day4_confidenceHSBY_623PB4 p= TD@task4_day4_4HSBY_62@q<0" p= TD@task4_day4_3HSBY_62@q<0" p= TD@task4_day4_2HSBY_62 @ l<0" p= TD@task4_day4_1HSBY_62@p<0" TD@task4_day4_confidenceHSBY_572PB4 TD@task4_day4_4HSBY_57A point of no return. V0" TD@task4_day4_3HSBY_57@p<0" TD@task4_day4_2HSBY_57@p<0" TD@task4_day4_1HSBY_57"@p<0" TD@task4_day4_confidenceHSBY_601PB4 TD@task4_day4_4HSBY_60<0" TD@task4_day4_3HSBY_60@p<0" TD@task4_day4_2HSBY_60@p<0" TD@task4_day4_1HSBY_60 @p<0" COTD@task2_day4_confidenceHSBY_593PB4 COTD@task2_day4_3HSBY_59@p<0" COTD@task2_day4_2HSBY_59@p<0" COTD@task2_day4_1HSBY_59$@ l<0"  TD@task4_day4_confidenceHSBY_234PB4  TD@task4_day4_4HSBY_23The tipping point P0"  TD@task4_day4_3HSBY_23P@l<0"  TD@task4_day4_2HSBY_23<0"  TD@task4_day4_1HSBY_23$@m<0"  ` TD@task4_day4_confidenceHSBY_213PB4  ` TD@task4_day4_4HSBY_21@l<0"  ` TD@task4_day4_3HSBY_21It does not. K0"  ` TD@task4_day4_2HSBY_21@n<0"  ` TD@task4_day4_1HSBY_21x@n<0" LVAL > v 0Higher water feedback and albedo effects increases the temperature with the fossil fuels. The increse in temperature makes the earth unlivable for all plants and animals and there is a decrease in population.In the fire model, the tipping point occurs when the fire starts burning through most or all of the forest without stopping. The climate change model shows that the tipping point occurs when the carbon keeps rising without dropping.Yes, if the fossil fuel usage is at 20 GC/year, the system is not stable and displays a tipping point, not allowing the CO2 levels to drop.The combined effect of Albedo and Water feedback causes the CO2 to go higher, and after a while, the c-oceans follows, but at a much slower rate.In the first model, the tipping point is when the density of the forest reaches a percentage of around 60-65%. When this tipping point is reached, the fire travels fast and throughout the entirety of the forest. In the second model, when the water effect is increased to the maximum level, the temperatre does not decrease anymore, and continues to increase at a fast and steady rate.I think when water feedback is increased to the maximum level, that is when the tipping point occurs. This is because the temperature does not decrease anymore, and continues to increase at a steady rateThe combined effect of Albedo and Water feedback affects the systems response to fossil fuel usage in that when the pair effect rises, the fossil fuel usage has a bigger impact. More CO2 is made by the reaction of the combined effect and the release of carbon. Both of the models have a tipping point which is a similiarity in both the models. The climate change model is again a closed system whereas the other fire model is an open system, and the climate model is a closed system. The response of the temperature to water feedack is not linear, much the same as the forest fire model. this model behaves in a particular way until the tipping point, where it then takes on a different pattern of behaviour. LVALD@ N 2 ,4A Tipping Point is a point where the temperature reaches and is the limit and the temperature starts to decrease and Yes when there is no albedo and degree of water feedback, the system is not stable and displays a tipping point, so when the temperature continues to increase, it reaches a certain point which is the tipping point where the temperature cannot go any further.The combined effect of Albedo and Water feedback affects the systems response to fossil fuel usage as the temperature continues to increase without ceasing and there is no tipping point.In the first model there was a tipping point at 59% forest density; before that, the fire had little chance of reaching the right hand side, while after it was almost certain it would reach the other side.Tipping point is when the peak falls to the lowTipping point applies when there is a peak to the graph They are generally stable, if there was a medium. THe Albedo affect and the water affects the system because it responsed to the fossil fuel usage. Tipping point is when there is a point of no return.In the fire model- the fire spreads continuously In the climate model- the carbon levels continuously riseWhen the fossil fuel usage reaches 20GtC per year, the system loses stability thus displaying a tipping point. The combined effect of Albedo and Water feedback changes the systems response to fossil fuel usage. When there is greater fossil fuel usage, the temperature fluctuates a lot more.the difference between a constant change to the point of no returnhigher the water feedback and albedo effect, combined with the fossil fuel usage, the higher the temperature goes. there isnt a point where it drops, it only comes up. vice versa. The tipping point is where the model results are turned around in where increasing results may suddenly become decreasing results.The tipping point depends on the circumstances where things are placed randomnly in the model.)y3^. Y  r + B Y p  ,CZq*AXo(? CD@task1_day4_1HSBY_37@v<0" ;D@task1_day4_confidenceHSBY_403PB4 ;D@task1_day4_2HSBY_406@v<0" ;D@task1_day4_1HSBY_40@v<0" i:D@task1_day4_confidenceHSBY_453PB4 i:D@task1_day4_2HSBY_45@v<0" i:D@task1_day4_1HSBY_45@u<0" ؍9D@task1_day4_confidenceHSBY_442PB4 ؍9D@task1_day4_2HSBY_44@u<0" ؍9D@task1_day4_1HSBY_44@u<0" 8D@task1_day4_confidenceHSBY_362PB4 8D@task1_day4_2HSBY_36B@u<0" 8D@task1_day4_1HSBY_36@ s<0" |sD@task1_day4_confidenceHSBY_493PB4 |sD@task1_day4_2HSBY_49R@u<0" |sD@task1_day4_1HSBY_49@u<0" HֹD@task1_day4_confidenceHSBY_383PB4 HֹD@task1_day4_2HSBY_382@t<0" HֹD@task1_day4_1HSBY_38@t<0" B0D@task1_day4_confidenceHSBY_431PB4 B0D@task1_day4_2HSBY_43P@t<0" B0D@task1_day4_1HSBY_43X@t<0" P/D@task1_day4_confidenceHSBY_473PB4 P/D@task1_day4_2HSBY_47@t<0" P/D@task1_day4_1HSBY_47@t<0" }%D@task1_day4_confidenceHSBY_333PB4 }%D@task1_day4_2HSBY_336@t<0" }%D@task1_day4_1HSBY_33j@ s<0" |+İD@task1_day4_confidenceHSBY_463PB4 |+İD@task1_day4_2HSBY_46@ s<0" |+İD@task1_day4_1HSBY_46@ s<0" D@task1_day4_confidenceHSBY_353PB4 D@task1_day4_2HSBY_35@s<0" D@task1_day4_1HSBY_35@s<0"  D@task1_day4_confidenceHSBY_393PB4  D@task1_day4_2HSBY_39$@s<0"  D@task1_day4_1HSBY_39@s<0" D@task1_day4_confidenceHSBY_413PB4 D@task1_day4_2HSBY_41h@s<0" D@task1_day4_1HSBY_41@s<0" #TD@task4_day4_confidenceHSBY_22N@4 $TD@task4_day4_4HSBY_26<0" $TD@task4_day4_3HSBY_26<0" $TD@task4_day4_2HSBY_26@s<0" $TD@task4_day4_1HSBY_26f@s<0" ?TD@task4_day4_confidenceHSBY_311PB4 ?TD@task4_day4_4HSBY_31@q<0" ?TD@task4_day4_3HSBY_31@s<0" ?TD@task4_day4_2HSBY_31@q<0" ?TD@task4_day4_1HSBY_31t@ q<0" RTD@task4_day4_confidenceHSBY_584PB4 "LVAL f ^ L X 4d*JThe higher the density of the forest, the faster the fire spreads. The lower the density, the slower it spreads.The larger the density cover the further the fire burns through the forest this may be beacuse the more the trees there are the more fuel there is for the fire to keep on burning It is non linear because the the fire does not spread at a steady rate according to the forest density. The denser the forest cover is, the faster the fires spreads through the forest. The lesser the density of the forest cover is, the slower the fire spreads, if at all. This is becase the fire must have trees along its path in order to advance, so when there are no trees in the fire's path in any direction, the fre stops. It is linear. There is a clear trend - the higher the density, the more percentage of burnt trees.The denser the forest, the easier it is for the fire to burn, and the more percentage it will burn. The fire's chance of reaching the right edge of teh forest depends on the density of the trees.non linear as the spread of the fire moves in multiple directions and does not follow a straight line, instead it goes whichever way they want to.The more dense the forest, the faster and the wider the fire spreads. It is linear because the more trees/plants there are, the more burns--the two are directly correlated, so if we were to graph the response of the fire, it would probably be linear.The more dense the forest, the easier it is for the fire to spread. The fire also spreads far more quickly when the forest is very dense.When the water effect or fossil fuel is changed significantly the system meets a The combined effect of albedo and water feedback causes the level of carbon to go up significantly, however the increase in temperature meets an equillibrium at an earlier point. The concept of a tipping point applies to the Climate Model with Water Feedback because the amount of fossil fuels combined with albedo and the degree of water feedback is what triggers the tipping point. LVAL d The fire is non linear, as there is a presence of a non-linear threshhold and lack of critical parameter in the system. The system is a feedback process.The denser the forest, the more mobile the fire is. As the fire cannot cross unwooded spaces, as there is no medium for the fire to travel across. When a fire confronts an unwooded area, it spreads across and around it, leaping onto the trees surrounding the barren area. When the forest is denser, unwooded spaces become sparse, and therefore the fire can travel with ease.the response of the fire to cover density is linear, because it shows a corresponding relationship between the density of the forest and the and the area burnt by fire.The denser the forest cover the faster the fire progresses through it. Because there are more plants and shrubs to make the forest denser, it acts a fuel for the fire to spread easily. when the forest density is lower there are less plants to fuel the fire therefore allowing the fire to travel less.Non-linear, as there is an irregular pattern made by the fire as it spreads. The same density of trees were burnt repeatedly, but they did not burn the same way as the previous time. The fire might spread differently as it is never constant and also the positioning of the trees are also different every ttime, even if the density is the same.The density of forest cover affects the progress of the fire through the forest as the more dense the forest is, the more chance there is of the fire burning more of the area and makes it almost impossible for any trees to survive. In bushfires, trees, leaves and bark are the main 'fuel' for the fire. This means that if the trees are more dense, then there would be more fuel for the fire to burn on, making the fire last longer and in turn cover more area of trees to burn.Yes it is linear because there is a relationship between the forest density and percentage burned. The larger the forest density the more trees are burned LVAL h `<lIt is non-linear beacuse there is no clear relationship between the temperature and water feedback.Increasing the water-effect causes the temperature of the system to rise when the Albedo feedback is on.the temperature is less constant and ranges mroe and the temperature average is higher. The more dense the forest is, the easier it is for fire to spread. This is because the closer the trees are together, the easier it is for the fire to spread from one to another, often because the leaves and branches of each tree overlap. Also, fire has more fuel to burn (oxygen) when there are more trees, in contrast to when there are only a few trees involved.The response is not linear for example, at 40% density, only 0.9% of the forset is burnt whereas at 80% density, 99.7% of the forest is burnt. As you can see, the relationship between the two is not linear.The fire's chance of reaching hte right edge of the forest critically depends on the density of the forest.The denser the forest, the quicker and easier it is for the fire to reach the other side. The lower the density, the harder it is for the fire to spread.The fires response is non-linear.the response of the fire to cover density is non-linear. this is becuase the fire is not garunteed to spread in a certain shape, and everytime you start the stimulation, the fire does not burn the same place/area however, when the density is at zero, is is certain that the fire will not spread at all, becuase there are no trees, just like when the density is 70 or above, the fire will definitely spread to the other sidethe densityof forest cover affects the progress of fire through the forest because, the more dense the forest, the further the fire spreads, but the less dense the forest, the less it burns. there are more trees, so then the fire can jump to the next tree if the forest is dense when the forest isn't so dense, the fire jumps to the closest tree and then eventually burns itself outRLVAL< t >~lthe response to fire and the response of temperature to water is non linear. if you change one part of the diagram then it affects all te other parts.It is non-linear since the fire can move in any direction depending on whether a tree is close by or not. Even if one front of the fire burns out, another on the other side of the area can spread and continue from where the front burnt off.A higher forest density means that the fire spreads easily and has a wider area of damage. This is because the leaves are close which lets the fire jump from tree to tree easily and spread the fire. If the density of the forest is the opposite, then the effect is the opposite as well. Meaning, the fire will not spread easily because there aren't many trees around for the fire to move to. This model only works like this because there is no wind in this model, if there were then the embers would travel with the wind and jump far distances, spreading the fire to place even if they were kilometers away.THe fire burns in a linear pattern as the density of the trees increase. Because more trees are packed together, the fire will burn straight ahead. If the trees are sparse, the fire will jump from plant to plant, tree to tree to find something to burn, creating a non-linear pattern.The percentage of the forest burnt depends on the density of the forest. The higher the density, the faster and more forest is burnt. This is because fire will spread more if there is more material to burn (in this case, trees).More frequently, the fire that burns through the trees is non-linear, as the shape and path that burns is randomised depending on the spreading of trees. If the density of the trees is higher, the fire has a better chance of spreading all the way to the other side, therefore creating a more linear response. This, however, does not mean that a non-linear response of the fire cannot reach the other side, it just means that a linear pattern is more likely to spread more regularly.'y3^i 9 P g ~ 7 N  yAXo(+Bm=9D@task2_day4_1HSBY_47b@{<0" D@task2_day4_confidenceHSBY_453PB4 D@task2_day4_3HSBY_45@z<0" D@task2_day4_2HSBY_45@z<0" D@task2_day4_1HSBY_45|@z<0" uD@task2_day4_confidenceHSBY_462PB4 uD@task2_day4_3HSBY_46v@z<0" uD@task2_day4_2HSBY_46@z<0" uD@task2_day4_1HSBY_46@z<0" ;6D@task2_day4_confidenceHSBY_442PB4 ;6D@task2_day4_3HSBY_44@z<0" ;6D@task2_day4_2HSBY_44@z<0" VD@task2_day4_confidenceHSBY_401PB4 VD@task2_day4_3HSBY_40p@z<0" VD@task2_day4_2HSBY_40It is non-linear. P0" VD@task2_day4_1HSBY_40,@y<0" q= װD@task2_day4_confidenceHSBY_373PB4 q= װD@task2_day4_3HSBY_37@y<0" q= װD@task2_day4_2HSBY_37@y<0" q= װD@task2_day4_1HSBY_37@y<0"  数D@task2_day4_confidenceHSBY_491PB4 ;6D@task2_day4_1HSBY_44x@y<0"  数D@task2_day4_3HSBY_49@y<0"  数D@task2_day4_2HSBY_49linearD0"  数D@task2_day4_1HSBY_49@y<0" ~D@task2_day4_confidenceHSBY_413PB4 ~D@task2_day4_3HSBY_41@y<0" ~D@task2_day4_2HSBY_41t@y<0" ~D@task2_day4_1HSBY_41@ x<0" OzD@task2_day4_confidenceHSBY_352PB4 OzD@task2_day4_3HSBY_35@ x<0" OzD@task2_day4_2HSBY_35&@x<0" OzD@task2_day4_1HSBY_35 @x<0" HwD@task2_day4_confidenceHSBY_361PB4 HwD@task2_day4_3HSBY_36L@x<0" HwD@task2_day4_2HSBY_36@x<0" HwD@task2_day4_1HSBY_36@x<0" xKsD@task2_day4_confidenceHSBY_431PB4 xKsD@task2_day4_3HSBY_43@x<0" xKsD@task2_day4_2HSBY_43V@x<0" xKsD@task2_day4_1HSBY_43@x<0" 5mD@task2_day4_confidenceHSBY_333PB4 5mD@task2_day4_3HSBY_33@x<0" 5mD@task2_day4_2HSBY_33@u<0" 5mD@task2_day4_1HSBY_33@u<0" ?D@task2_day4_confidenceHSBY_393PB4 ?D@task2_day4_3HSBY_392@v<0" ?D@task2_day4_2HSBY_39 it is not linear as it ranges.\0" ?D@task2_day4_1HSBY_39@u<0"  CD@task1_day4_confidenceHSBY_374PB4  CD@task1_day4_2HSBY_37@v<0" LVAL $ , @When there is a very high degree of water feedback, the temperature goes up after a short period of fluctuation (around 200 years). When there is a very low degree of water feedback, temperatures generally fluctuate a little with alternating periods of highs and lows.The higher the water effect, the higher the temperature. In the other one, the higher the density, the more fire burning. They are similar because they are both linear in relationship. Also, they both have a feedback relationshiop.The higher the water effect the higher the temperature. The termperature rises. When there is no water effect, the temperature rises and decreases.When the albedo is turned off, the temperature increases and decreases, however over time has a constant average. When the albedo is turned on, the temperature has longer 'ups' and longer 'downs' Not sure what the water feedback is. Maybe the water effect? One model is linear, one model is not.The response is linear, as the graphed temperature slopes evenly when increased or decreased.The higher the water feedback the higher the overall atmospheric temperature gets. They both show feedback, however the results were different in the way that the first model showed an emerging pattern in the relationship between the density of the forest and the amount of area burnt; while in the second pattern still showed that the temperature was pretty unconstant despite turning on the albedo feedback.It is non-linear, because it is unconstant.When the albedo feedback was turned on, the temperature became unconstant, this could possibly be due to the fact that the albedo is constantly in the process of reflecting and absorbing the heat from the sun.In the fire model the density of the forest affected the percentage burned, likewise in the climate model the water-effect does affect the temperature. the differnce os though that the fire one is linear and the climate one is non-linear.LVAL  v 6 "pThe temperature of the system generally decreases as the water feedback degree increases. The albedo controls how much energy is absorbed. If the temperature is dropped, the albedo is much higher and more radiation is reflected, causing the temperature to decrease even further.One is a model about fire and the other is a model about climate and the greenhouse effect. The fire model is a non-linear model while the climate/greenhouse model is a linear model. In both models, different variables can effect the result however in the fire model you are only able to change the density of the trees. If we were able to change a wind's direction and speed then the results would be different. Both are examples of positive feedback.It is linear since the temperature can only move in one direction or the opposite and not to other side. The different variables affect it in different and many ways however the result(temperature) is still linear.When the water-effect is high, the temperature of the system increases, if the water-effect is low then this creates a colder asmostphere.When the Albedo feedback is on, the greater the water feedback, the higher the temperature because of the increase of clouds which results in more heat being reflected back onto the earth.similarities are that the fire was linear and so was the response of temperature to water feedback. The water temperature affects the temperature when the albedo feedback is on because the albedo reflects some heat off the water temperature. We think the main differences are that one has linear responses and the other has non-linear responses. The main similarities are that there is a cause and effect in the model. The C02 and oceans carbon amount do not vary greatly between the two models.The response of temperature to water feedback is non-linear as there isn't an exact and definite correlation of temperature to water feedback levels (the temperature varies quite a bit).LVAL  Z p v  Both the models depend on a single variable that affects its linearity: the tree depending on the density and the climate model depending on the water-effect. The higher each of the variables, the more linear it is. The fire model is, however, generally easier to control, with very linear and non-linear differences, whereas the climate model is harder to control and distinguish.The response of temperature to water feedback is generally non-linear; as the temperatures do not ascend in a completely smooth pattern. However, it is slightly linear when looked at a large scale, and ultimately the temperatures do continue to rise.When the water effect is set higher, it increases the temperature of the system when the Albedo feedback is turned on by an enormous amount, although seeming slow at first, the temperature quickly increases higher and higher. This is because the water effect affects the amount of water vapour as greenhouse gas in the air and therefore would increase the amount of blockage of outgoing heat that is originally absorbed into the earth, as well as the heat reflected back by a lighter albedo. All this heat becomes trapped and therefore affects the temperatures of the earth.They are both linear responses and show natural processes. Linear, because the temperature increase with the water feedback. The higher the water feedback is, the higher the temperature gets. If the degree is lower, the temperature is lower. The similarity is that both responses are non linear, but the difference is that one is affected by only one factor whereas the climate change model has many factors which cause a chain of effects.The response is non-linear because the amount of albedo is based on the temperature and cloud cover is dependant on the amount of water feedback. Also, cloud cover amounts and distribution of cloud cover is random.They both have positive feedback occurring in the cycle.LVAL  6 ` r~Increasing the Water-Effect and the Albedo and then decreasing the Cloud Cover casues a tipping point to occur in the Climate change model Increasing both the Albedo and Water feedback causes the CO2 levels to increase significantly. The tipping point is the time in which the positive feedback is so extensive that it climbs at an extremely fast rate. Example? a short circuit - little resistance, stronger current, less resistance, stronger current, BOOM! break. the wire breaks.Tipping point of fire - so much forest, it'll keep going, a wave of fire like a fire front. Tipping point - more water vapour, more reflection of sunlight, more water vapour. goes crazy and the temperature just goes up. By the way the questions in 1 and 2 - i change my mind, it is NOT linear.When there is so much positive feedback and there is so much heat, the temperature rises rapidly and it just goes crazy like lady gaga.The temperature decreases, CO2 increases, Carbon in oceans increase, fossil fuels is a variable on its own. More carbon in the atmosphereBoth are examples of positive feedback in a non-linear system.This system is an example of non linear positive feedback.THe water feedback considerably increases the temperature as oppposed to when it is not functioning, in which case, the temperature considerably lowers. The incoming solar radiation is converted into infrared rays due to the water feedback, which in turn, affects the atmosphere by increasing temperature.The similarities are that there is a cause and an effect. Differences are that one depends on density of an item to cause effect, while the second one is looking at water feedback. It is non-linear. When the water-effect slider is increased, there is no relations between the increase and the temperature. The water feedback keeps the temperature more constant when the Albedo feedback is on. As temperature falls, the albedo goes up. When the temperature increases, the albedo fallsVy4rB Y  p ) T k $ ; f}6Mx1H_CZ[ZD@task4_day4_4HSBY_47N@<0" [ZD@task4_day4_3HSBY_47@<0" [ZD@task4_day4_2HSBY_47@<0" [ZD@task4_day4_1HSBY_47@<0" ]TD@task4_day4_confidenceHSBY_393PB4 ]TD@task4_day4_4HSBY_39@<0" ]TD@task4_day4_3HSBY_39@<0" ]TD@task4_day4_2HSBY_39r@<0" ]TD@task4_day4_1HSBY_39<0" QΠHD@task4_day4_confidenceHSBY_401PB4 QΠHD@task4_day4_4HSBY_40@<0" QΠHD@task4_day4_3HSBY_40z@<0" QΠHD@task4_day4_2HSBY_40@ ~<0" QΠHD@task4_day4_1HSBY_40@ ~<0" eKD@task4_day4_confidenceHSBY_362PB4 eKD@task4_day4_4HSBY_36@~<0" eKD@task4_day4_3HSBY_368@~<0" eKD@task4_day4_2HSBY_36 @~<0" eKD@task4_day4_1HSBY_36@~<0" #a@D@task4_day4_confidenceHSBY_443PB4 #a@D@task4_day4_4HSBY_44@~<0" #a@D@task4_day4_3HSBY_44x@~<0" #a@D@task4_day4_2HSBY_44@~<0" #a@D@task4_day4_1HSBY_44@~<0" 2D@task4_day4_confidenceHSBY_412PB4 2D@task4_day4_4HSBY_41@~<0" 2D@task4_day4_3HSBY_41F@ }<0" 2D@task4_day4_2HSBY_41@}<0" 2D@task4_day4_1HSBY_41@}<0" I_D@task4_day4_confidenceHSBY_491PB4 }eD@task4_day4_1HSBY_466@}<0" I_D@task4_day4_4HSBY_49n@}<0" I_D@task4_day4_3HSBY_49@}<0" I_D@task4_day4_2HSBY_49@}<0" I_D@task4_day4_1HSBY_49,@}<0" BpHD@task4_day4_confidenceHSBY_333PB4 BpHD@task4_day4_4HSBY_33@}<0" BpHD@task4_day4_3HSBY_33@}<0" BpHD@task4_day4_2HSBY_33@ {<0" BpHD@task4_day4_1HSBY_33@ {<0" t@'D@task4_day4_confidenceHSBY_352PB4 t@'D@task4_day4_4HSBY_35@ {<0" t@'D@task4_day4_3HSBY_35R@{<0" t@'D@task4_day4_2HSBY_35@{<0" t@'D@task4_day4_1HSBY_35@{<0" ]nD@task2_day4_confidenceHSBY_382PB4 ]nD@task2_day4_3HSBY_38|@{<0" ]nD@task2_day4_2HSBY_38t@{<0" ]nD@task2_day4_1HSBY_38b@{<0" 9D@task2_day4_confidenceHSBY_472PB4 9D@task2_day4_3HSBY_47n@{<0" 9D@task2_day4_2HSBY_47@{<0" LVAL . @ d 4h"The tipping point of the forests is when the forest is extremely dense (around 60%) and the tipping point of the climate model is when water feedback is very high.The circumstances in which the system displays a tipping point is a very high level of water feedback.The combined feedback of Albedo and water feedback means the system responds more to fossil fuel usage. The temperature rises dramatically due to the use of fossil fuels and the high water feedback.When the albedo and water feedback, and greenhouse gases are on, the fossil fuel usage leads carbon dioxide levels and carbon dioxide to rise rapidly. It also causes the temperature to rise rapidly. When only alebdo and water feedback are on, but no greenhouse gases, the effct of fuel usage is that the carbon dioxide levels, and carbin dioxide in the oceans increases. However when albedo and water feedback are off, the carbon dioxide levels rise rapidly, the temperature gradually rises, and so does the carbon dioxide in the oceans. When the positive feedback overwhelms and goes 'loco'. In the fire model, the tipping point was at 59% density, when the fire spread very quickly. in the climate model the tipping point was when the temperature of Earth kept on increasing,past 100 degrees because of the positive feeback loop Yes, when positive feedback keeps increases and eventually it displays a tipping point. The fossil fuel usage increases the albedo effect because more solar radiation is deflected back to space and the fossil fuels trap those solar rays. The tipping point is when in a system the feedback goes beyond control. When the positive feedback is overwhelming the negative feedback.In the fire model the concept of tipping is shown when you increase the density of the forest to over 59% and the fire goes out of control. in the climate model increasing the water significantly causes it to reach the tipping level.LVAL  Yes, when the water effect is increased, the temperature rises at a high rate and is very unstable. This causes a tipping point in the model.The effect of Albedo and Water feedback accelerates the temperature in response to the fossil fuel usage. The tipping point is when the positive feedback in a cycle is so high that it overpowers the negative feedback. Where the positive feedback is so high that it over powers the negative feedback. The tipping point in the model is when the temperature suddenly increased.When the water effect is increased, the temperature starts rising at a very steep angle and is highly unstable, thus displaying a tipping point.The combined effect of Albedo and water feedback accelerates the atmospheres response to fossil fuel usage. The concept is when the positive feedback of the model overwhelms the negative feedback. For example, when you fill a cup of water to the point that the water overflows, the water will keep going and won't stop.In the first model, the tipping point of the density is aroung 58% where after this percentage of density, the size of the fire increases rapidly to the point that it overrules the negative feedback. In the carbon model, the tipping point is the high percentage of water effect (feedback) where the increase of water vapour results in the increase of temperature and therefore creating a cycle of increase which overturns the negative feedback.When the water feedback is at its highest, the system tips as it puts the system out of the equilibrium so much and it cannot stop rising.It tips the system-the positive feedback of the combined albedo and water overwhelms the negative feedback of the fossil fuel usage.When the equlibrium of a feedback loop is overwhelmed, we call this the tipping point. An example in real life is pouring water in a cup. Once you reach the tipping point, instead of pouring at a steady rate, all the water overflows very quickly.LVAL 2 ALbedo and Water feedback causes the systems response to fossil fuels to fluctuate more drastically than it does when When the water-effect is increased to a higher amount the temperature will also rise dramatically to a point where all the living things would die. This is because the water vapour traps mostly all the heat within the Earth's atmosphere.The combined effect of Albedo and Water feedback effects the model by making the rise of temperature more constant. When they are both turned off, the temperature becomes unstable and rises up and down. This is because the albedo reflects off some of the heat keeping the surface cool, while the water effect keeps some of the heat in, therefore creating a balance.an example of a tipping point is standing on one foot and leaning over, there is a certain space you can move in without falling over, however as you lean further and further to one side there is a far higher chance of falling, then there is a region where it is impossible not to fall down in, thus the tipping point is the angle you reach before wobbling an becoming unstable.both the models displayed aa tipping point, when they passed it the negative affects caused increase so drastically so as to rage out of control with an incredibly small chance of returning to a stable level.yes, when the water effect is increased to a certain point the temperature rises uncontrollably. the positive feedback ises to a point where it cannot be brought back to a stable level.A tipping point is when the positive feedback in a cycle is intensely high, it overpowers the negative feedback. In the fire model, the tipping point was when there was no more trees to burn. In the climate model, the tipping point was when the temperature increased drastically and could not decrease.LVAL 2When the albedo is low compared to the amount of water feedback, the temperature increases. The temperature increasing, increases the amount of water vapour and the more water vapour trapped causes the temperature to rise which again in turn further increases the amount of evaporation, and thus a positive feedback is formed.A tipping point is when the positive feedback overwhelms the negative feedback. This can be shown in when a bowl is placed in water. The bowl can hold a certain amount of water whislt floating, but when water is added to its tipping point, its ability to float will be overwhelmed by the weight of the water inside it. In the fire model when the density of the trees reach 59% it becomes unstable, and the fire has a very high to certain chance of reaching the other side.Yes, when the temperature reaches a certain point, the tipping point, it will rapidly fluctuate and increase, as opposed to before this point where the temperature gradually increases.The concept of a Tipping Point is when the environment of the model makes the whole cycle out of balance, and it cannot return to a state of dynamic equilibrium. The melting of icecream can demonstrate the concept of a Tipping Point. At a negative temperature, there is little chance of the icecream melting, however at a temperature above 0 degrees, it is almost definite that the icecream will melt, at for example if the icecream was place in an 100 degrees environment, the icecream will melt and it would not return to its original solid state.The tipping point in in the Climate Model is when the water-effect is increased to the point when the temperature increases dramtically, and won't fall down. Its also when the positive factors (e.g. water vapour)overrides the negative factors. In the Fire Model, the tipping point was when the amount of density of trees causes the fire to most definitely reach the other side of the forest. Yy^. Y  p ) @ k  ; ffffD@task4_day4_confidenceHSBY_373PB4 ffffD@task4_day4_4HSBY_37@<0" ffffD@task4_day4_3HSBY_37@<0" ffffD@task4_day4_2HSBY_37(@<0" ffffD@task4_day4_1HSBY_37`@<0" }eD@task4_day4_confidenceHSBY_461PB4 }eD@task4_day4_4HSBY_46 @<0" }eD@task4_day4_3HSBY_46@<0" }eD@task4_day4_2HSBY_46B@<0" \D@task4_day4_confidenceHSBY_453PB4 \D@task4_day4_4HSBY_45@<0" \D@task4_day4_3HSBY_45@<0" \D@task4_day4_2HSBY_45@<0" \D@task4_day4_1HSBY_45F@<0" =UD@task4_day4_confidenceHSBY_431PB4 =UD@task4_day4_4HSBY_43@<0" =UD@task4_day4_3HSBY_43@<0" =UD@task4_day4_2HSBY_43@<0" =UD@task4_day4_1HSBY_43@<0" HzTD@task4_day4_confidenceHSBY_384PB4 HzTD@task4_day4_4HSBY_38~@<0" HzTD@task4_day4_3HSBY_382@<0" HzTD@task4_day4_2HSBY_38p@<0" HzTD@task4_day4_1HSBY_38@<0" [ZD@task4_day4_confidenceHSBY_472PB4 `LVAL  VzThe concept of a tipping point applies to both of the models we have investigated. In the fire model, once the density of the trees reach over 59%, the probability of the fire reaching the other side rises exponentially. In the climate model, if the water effect is too high, it overpowers the albedo and melts it, causing the temperature to rise exponentially. This can also happen vice versa.The system eventually reaches a tipping point when the effect of the water overpowers the albedo and dominates it, causing the temperature to rise continuously. This can also happen vice versa.The albedo and water feedback affects the system's response to fossil fuel usage by the result that the temperature fluctuates until it reaches a certain point where the albedo does not affect the temperature growth anymore as there is no more of it; therefore the temperature continues to rise (the water effect and fossil fuel usage contributing to the amount of greenhouse gases in the air) without any interference.The tipping point is where the positive feedback overwhelms the negative feedback. eg. When someone is holding the position of a plank, the built-up tension in the core of the person causes the person to eventually topple over.For the first model the increase of density causes the fire to increase drastically due to the fact that the dense forest acts as a fuel for the fire to spread. The amount of area burnt because of this is incredibly high and that's the tipping point. FOr the second one the temperature increasing, increases the amount of water vapour and the more water vapour trapped causes the temperature to rise which again in turn further increases the amount of evaporation, and thus a positive feedback is formed.The positive feedback caused by the water vapour increasing and in turn making the temperature increase (which further increases the amount of water vapour), causes the Earth to heat up drastically to the point where it becomes a clear tipping point.HLVAL bYerp. This is when the temperature of the Earth increases a little. When the Earth's temperature increases then the water temp increases too. Because of the warming waters the amount of water evaporation increases, this in turn traps more of the heat and infra-red, heating the Earth. This process continues until it reaches a tipping point. This tipping point is when the Earth's temperature reaches a maximum and can no longer increase. After this the temperature stays at around a stable point unless the variables are changed.If the fossil fuel usage is left alone and the water-effect and albedo are not on/high then the amount of CO2 in the air is always higher than the amount in the ocean. However if the albedo is turned on and the water-effect is high, then the amount of carbon in the ocean overtakes the amount in the air.A tipping point is when positive feedback overwhelms negative feedback. For example, when water is filling in a cup, it can suddenly overfill. In the fire model, the percentage burnt radically increases at a certain point in forest cover density. In the climate model, The carbon dioxide in oceans radically increases at a certain point in time. yes, when the greenhouse gases are on, fossil fuel usae is up, and albedo and water feedback are off. The carbon dioxide in the oceans displays a tipping point. The concept of a tipping point is when a positive feedback overwhelms the negative feedback and dominates it, therefore tipping over the dynamic equillibrium that exists between them. This can be shown when a ruler is at the edge of a desk, and when you push it too far, it overbalances and falls, because the weight that is hanging over the table overweighs the weight on the table due to gravity.( LVAL : A tipping point is when the positive feedback of a system overpowers that of the negative feedback. After this happens, the increasing result of the positive feedback reaches a maximum and either drops or keeps at a stable point.In the fire model, the tipping point was at around 'tree density 59%'. Any percentage lower than 59 would have a small burn percentage, however if the density is increased then the amount of burnt area increases dramatically. 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=@438550291posttest-5aposttest01R>0  =@438550291posttest-4cposttest01R>0 f|詳=@434788218posttest-confidence24posttest01fRD f|詳=@434788218posttest-6dposttest01R>0 f|詳=@434788218posttest-5aposttest01R>0 f|詳=@434788218posttest-4cposttest01R>0  =@435269079posttest-confidence23posttest01fRD LVAL&8p  D |  P $ \ 0h<tHT(Aim: To determine if sunlight causes a human's braHaving faster cars on a narrow road could cause moAim: To found out if Joan's ideas will work out acaim: To see what causes the brain to wake up in thIt lets peope drive fast to places but still be saI strongly agree as the traffic moves faster and iI believe that it was an unreasonable idea to painallows traffic to move more fluently and efficientI agree that it weas the best decision at it helpeTitle: Variable of waking up Aim: TO investigate Aim: To test if animal populations in Omosa are deaim: to test if deciding about what time to wake uget two people to go to bed at the same time. HoweTitle: Human Alam Clock Aim: To see if people canTitle: Alarming light Aim: To test if light from 1.Lane lines help people determine where on the roTitle: Animal population in Omosa Aim: To determiAim: to determine whether people can wake up by seAim: To found out why the animal population in OmoIf the traffic keeps nearer to the edge of the roa1. Use fire stick farming to burn some of the grasaim: to test why animal populations in omosa may bput a tracker on the animals in omosa then find deTitle: Decline Aim: To test why animal populationEquipment: 2 people, 2 rooms with beds, alarm clocTitle: Animals in Decline Aim: To see why animal If the traffic is faster then thats important and Because if the traffic moves quicker it will make The reason why I think that they shouldn't be placAim: Determine why animal population in Omosa has If this puts people in more danger than they were Place a person in a contained environment with no I think that light will wake people up utomaticallThe population od various animals in Omosa may be 1. 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; U  H v ;eDj ;F@00000076problem_solving_3@posttest02\H< F@00000076problem_solving_2@posttest02\H< F@00000076problem_solving_1@posttest02\H< JF@00000076climate_knowledge_confidence1posttest01t`R JF@00000076climate_knowledge_10L@posttest01bNB JF@00000076climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ JF@00000076climate_knowledge_8posttest01`L@ JF@00000076climate_knowledge_7@posttest01`L@ JF@00000076climate_knowledge_6l@posttest01`L@ JF@00000076climate_knowledge_5@posttest01`L@ JF@00000076climate_knowledge_4@posttest01`L@ JF@00000076climate_knowledge_3t@posttest01`L@ JF@00000076climate_knowledge_2@posttest01`L@ JF@00000076climate_knowledge_1@posttest01`L@  F@00000076science-attitude-94posttest\L>  F@00000076science-attitude-84posttest\L>  F@00000076science-attitude-74posttest\L>  F@00000076science-attitude-63posttest\L>  F@00000076science-attitude-54posttest\L>  F@00000076science-attitude-43posttest\L>  F@00000076science-attitude-32posttest\L>  F@00000076science-attitude-23posttest\L>  F@00000076science-attitude-12posttest\L> k3F@00000064problem_solving_2@posttest02\H< k3F@00000064problem_solving_1N@posttest02\H<  F@00000074problem_solving_confidence3posttest02p\N N1jxF@00000075science-attitude-12posttest\L> k3F@00000064problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N k3F@00000064problem_solving_3@posttest02\H< N1jxF@00000075science-attitude-83posttest\L> N1jxF@00000075science-attitude-73posttest\L> N1jxF@00000075science-attitude-63posttest\L> N1jxF@00000075science-attitude-53posttest\L> N1jxF@00000075science-attitude-43posttest\L> N1jxF@00000075science-attitude-33posttest\L> N1jxF@00000075science-attitude-23posttest\L> LVAL  Rt2Tdynamic equilibrium is the balance between oceanic C02 and atmospheric C02climate can be predicted by looking at the history of the past and by looking at the conditions of the prresentyes, to some extent. weather can be told by looking at the types of winds ( cold/warm fronts) coming inweather and climate are two different things. weather is a description of a plac and its conditions at a specific time, climate is a description of a vast area over a long period of timethe carbon cycle is the cycle of a carbon molecule travels on the earth. it could be absorbed by the ocean , land on a tree or stay flowing in the atmosphere. it is important because this cycle of carbon sculpts the level of C02 in the aircarbon gases are gases like the carbon dioxide and water vapor that trapped within the earth's atmosphere. they are important because they play a big role in the temperature of the earth and the level of C02 in the atmosphere -Should be able to find its way back to the spaceship when its carrying bin is full and proceed to find more gold. -Should never be able to be too close to another robot to make the gold searching efficient (work in their own areas). -Maybe work as a team (searchers and robots who bring back the gold to the spaceship to work productively.I don't think it's possible. A tiny butterfly thousands of km away from Alaska wouldn't cause a snowstorm. You probably wouldn't even feel wind in Brazil from the butterfly. It could be a metaphor for exess carbon use in one country affecting another country though...(tragedy of the commons).-Freeze carbon dioxide to make dry ice, bury in Central Australia/anywhere that isn't inhabited, or send to mars where their polar caps are made of dry ice. -Use nuclear energy+bury in the places. -Stop politicians arguing about refuges and stop being money hungry, selfish and unwilling to find what's best for the common good. -Reward households for the carbon emissions?bLVALH xj&emergent properties are when pattern emerges in nature due to individual behaviors weather can be predicted but only days at a time as it is quite unpredictable and is influenced by many factorsThese are gases that are released into the atmosphere, either due to human activity or naturally. these gases cause a greenhouse effect, when in the atmosphere-they allow heat in, but don't allow it back out. if there are too many greenhouse gases the earth will keep warming up as no heat would be releasewith climate change escalating day by day, below are some recommendations of the the slowing down climate change and perhaps even preventing it. 1. monitor the factory use of carbon dioxide to an extent that when a factory exceeds it emissions of C02. it is no longer allowed to produce any of its products. 2. people who breach the limit of carbon dioxide emissions have to pay more tax Let some robots follow the other robots like the ant model. and let the robots flock together and move in mass amounts like the bird modelI don't think that it is possible for a snowstorm to occur in Alaska if a butterfly flaps its wings in Brazil. First of all, Alaska and Brazil have a very large distance between them and the strength of a butterfly flapping its wings is not enough to cause the change in wind patterns and create a snowstorm in Alaska. Secondly, a butterfly flapping its wings and causing a snowstorm in Alaska is not ideal because what if there was a whole group of butterflies all flapping their wing together? these are the reasons why i don't think that a butterfly flapping its wings can help cause snowstorm in Alaskait is rising steadily but could change dramatically . the emission of C02 increases the temperature of the earth and therefore causes the climate gradually get warmerexamples of feedback is the burning of trees an the density of the forest. this cycle feeds back on itself. the higher the density , the quicker the rate at which the trees will burn%H v ; e  D j ;UHv 7]8F@00000074climate_knowledge_3X@posttest01`L@ 8F@00000074climate_knowledge_2@posttest01`L@ 8F@00000074climate_knowledge_1.@posttest01`L@ |ݨF@00000074science-attitude-93posttest\L> |ݨF@00000074science-attitude-83posttest\L> |ݨF@00000074science-attitude-73posttest\L> |ݨF@00000074science-attitude-63posttest\L> |ݨF@00000074science-attitude-52posttest\L> |ݨF@00000074science-attitude-42posttest\L> |ݨF@00000074science-attitude-33posttest\L> |ݨF@00000074science-attitude-23posttest\L> |ݨF@00000074science-attitude-13posttest\L> .F@00000068problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N .F@00000068problem_solving_3@posttest02\H< .F@00000068problem_solving_22@posttest02\H< .F@00000068problem_solving_1T@posttest02\H< WOF@00000068climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R WOF@00000068climate_knowledge_10@posttest01bNB WOF@00000068climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ WOF@00000068climate_knowledge_8@posttest01`L@ WOF@00000068climate_knowledge_7@posttest01`L@ WOF@00000068climate_knowledge_6@posttest01`L@ WOF@00000068climate_knowledge_5$@posttest01`L@ WOF@00000068climate_knowledge_4@posttest01`L@ WOF@00000068climate_knowledge_3`@posttest01`L@ WOF@00000068climate_knowledge_2@posttest01`L@ WOF@00000068climate_knowledge_1d@posttest01`L@ F@00000068science-attitude-93posttest\L> F@00000068science-attitude-83posttest\L> F@00000068science-attitude-73posttest\L> F@00000068science-attitude-64posttest\L> F@00000068science-attitude-53posttest\L> F@00000068science-attitude-43posttest\L> F@00000068science-attitude-33posttest\L> F@00000068science-attitude-23posttest\L> F@00000068science-attitude-13posttest\L> F@00000076problem_solving_confidence1posttest02p\N LVAL jfeedback in climatic systems can include -melting of polar ice caps due to the earth warming. this leads to higher sea level. -plants and animals flourish more in some climatic systems due to the fact that they may like rhe average weather conditions and rainfall in the place. yes, it is possible. For example, if a person picks up a worm lying on the ground, the kind that was going to eat that worm would die of hunger and so would its chicks. because those chicks died a feral bobcat also starves because it doesn't get to eat those chicks. because of decomposition of the bobcat, the soil would get nutrition and plants will flourish, more oxygen will be released in the air. If that happens all the creatures on earth will continue to live. all of this possible because of a human who picked up a worm he/she saw along the wayyes it is stable, there is a gradual rise in the overall temperature of the worldfor example C02 is heated in the water and it rises, which decreases the amount of C02 in the water. however, C02 that has cooled in the air sinks, again, leveling out the level of C02 in the wateran example is the input of the sun's rays and the output od the overall rise in temperature. when the temperature rises more greenhouse gases are released , this leads to more heat being sustained which leads to an overall increase in temperatureyes, climate can be predicted as it is along term characteristics , so statistics over a long period of time can be used to predict future climateno they are not. weather is the immediate characteristics of an area such as cloudy , rainy , windy. while climate is the long-term characteristics such as tropical , dry, etc.the carbon cycle is a repetitive cycle that occurs in nature. for example, carbon dioxide in the air cools down and is absorbed by water. the heats up the water and C02 and the C02 is released back into the air. These continues to happen again and againXLVAL dtno climate can not be predicted. we can make an educated guess about climate but it can not be predicted as climate takes place over a long period of time and there maybe different variables that may affect the climate that we may not even know of.yes, weather can be predicted using hot air balloons and satellite images, etc. it can be predicted but the predictions may not entirely be accurateweather and climate are not the same. Weather is the conditions present on a short time period, whilst climate is the average weather conditions over a long period of time.the carbon cycle is the movement of carbon and all its different states throughout all the spheres(biosphere, atmosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere). the carbon cylce is important as it is part of our every day lives and all living things are affected by carbon. If the carbon is affected in one sphere, all the other spheres are affected toogreenhouse gases are gasses such as carbon , that gets trapped in the atmosphere. they are important as they play a major role in keeping heat on earthcarbon emissions should be reduced., especially on days with high cloud cover to minimize the rise in temperature, as C02 acts as a catalyst in the natural rise and fall of overall temperature. Instead of allowing the earth to cool, it increases the amount of greenhouse and gases and allows less heat to escape from the atmosphere, thus acting as a catalyst in the gradual rise of temperaturethe robots should have a sensor that tells them if they have already been in that area and dad cleaned it. then they should tell the next robot they meet and that robot should tell the next robot if it meets and so on. after their bins are filled , they should go back to the ship and empty their bins, all the while spreading words of areas that has been searched. the robots should travel in threes . One robot would communicate with other groups and the other two would sense and dig the gold , just in case one robot miss some gold. =%&L j z  ? m  2 `%SFt 9g~fۋD@00000054science-attitude-82posttest\L> ~fۋD@00000054science-attitude-73posttest\L> ~fۋD@00000054science-attitude-63posttest\L> ~fۋD@00000054science-attitude-52posttest\L> ~fۋD@00000054science-attitude-41posttest\L> ~fۋD@00000054science-attitude-33posttest\L> ~fۋD@00000054science-attitude-23posttest\L> ~fۋD@00000054science-attitude-12posttest\L> SًD@00000051science-attitude-94posttest\L> SًD@00000051science-attitude-84posttest\L> SًD@00000051science-attitude-73posttest\L> SًD@00000051science-attitude-62posttest\L> SًD@00000051science-attitude-52posttest\L> SًD@00000051science-attitude-42posttest\L> SًD@00000051science-attitude-32posttest\L> SًD@00000051science-attitude-23posttest\L> SًD@00000051science-attitude-13posttest\L> ؂-؋D@00000060science-attitude-93posttest\L> ؂-؋D@00000060science-attitude-83posttest\L> ؂-؋D@00000060science-attitude-73posttest\L> ؂-؋D@00000060science-attitude-62posttest\L> ؂-؋D@00000060science-attitude-53posttest\L> ؂-؋D@00000060science-attitude-42posttest\L> ؂-؋D@00000060science-attitude-33posttest\L> ؂-؋D@00000060science-attitude-22posttest\L> ؂-؋D@00000060science-attitude-13posttest\L>  F@00000074problem_solving_3@posttest02\H<  F@00000074problem_solving_2R@posttest02\H<  F@00000074problem_solving_1@posttest02\H< 8F@00000074climate_knowledge_confidence3posttest01t`R 8F@00000074climate_knowledge_10b@posttest01bNB 8F@00000074climate_knowledge_9WHAT?1posttest01hT@ 8F@00000074climate_knowledge_8posttest01`L@ 8F@00000074climate_knowledge_7posttest01`L@ 8F@00000074climate_knowledge_60@posttest01`L@ 8F@00000074climate_knowledge_5@posttest01`L@ 8F@00000074climate_knowledge_4(@posttest01`L@ LVAL Xthe carbon cycle is a cycle where things release carbon and other things such as trees use this carbon to put back oxygen so that other forms if life on the earth can use it and turn it back into carbongreenhouse gases are gases that are in the atmosphere and keep the heat from escaping the earth. they are important so that we don;t freeze to deathtax companies for the amount of carbon they use or limit the use of the amount of carbon , a company can use. This way the company will be more careful about using carbon and will try to find alternatives. Also the money collected from these companies can be invested in many things. some of which can be used on finding and setting up alternatives for burning fossil fuels to create electricity. In the diagrams, we have seen that the more fossil fuels the we burn, the higher the avergae temperature of the earth will get. this is on way that we can help prevent this planet from being unlivable.if you limit the robots to a small areas for a set amount of time and then allocate tehm to another small section and another small sectio until all the surface area on that planet is covered. this way the robots can communicate with each other whilst making sure that they cover all of the land.I do not believe that a butterfly jiggling the air in Brazil can cause such a large event as snowstorm in Alaska. I believe that other factors such as wind patterns and weather patterns would cause the snowstorm in the Alaska. If something so small could create such a large event then what would happen if a whole flock of butterflies gathered together and flapped their wings?I believe that the climatic system is stable but only for a short period of time. If we continue living this way, the average global temperatures will rise and it will be livable for a while but when the temperature of the earth rises to much , it will eventually affect all the populations on this earth.&.\ ! O }  B p  5c(VIw<jQߋD@00000031science-attitude-13posttest\L> iߋD@00000037science-attitude-94posttest\L> iߋD@00000037science-attitude-84posttest\L> iߋD@00000037science-attitude-74posttest\L> iߋD@00000037science-attitude-64posttest\L> iߋD@00000037science-attitude-53posttest\L> iߋD@00000037science-attitude-43posttest\L> iߋD@00000037science-attitude-34posttest\L> iߋD@00000037science-attitude-23posttest\L> iߋD@00000037science-attitude-13posttest\L> :WދD@00000032science-attitude-92posttest\L> :WދD@00000032science-attitude-83posttest\L> :WދD@00000032science-attitude-73posttest\L> :WދD@00000032science-attitude-63posttest\L> :WދD@00000032science-attitude-53posttest\L> :WދD@00000032science-attitude-42posttest\L> :WދD@00000032science-attitude-33posttest\L> :WދD@00000032science-attitude-23posttest\L> :WދD@00000032science-attitude-13posttest\L> #݋D@00000045science-attitude-94posttest\L> #݋D@00000045science-attitude-83posttest\L> #݋D@00000045science-attitude-73posttest\L> #݋D@00000045science-attitude-64posttest\L> #݋D@00000045science-attitude-52posttest\L> #݋D@00000045science-attitude-43posttest\L> #݋D@00000045science-attitude-33posttest\L> #݋D@00000045science-attitude-23posttest\L> #݋D@00000045science-attitude-13posttest\L> ݋D@00000048science-attitude-93posttest\L> ݋D@00000048science-attitude-83posttest\L> ݋D@00000048science-attitude-73posttest\L> ݋D@00000048science-attitude-63posttest\L> ݋D@00000048science-attitude-51posttest\L> ݋D@00000048science-attitude-43posttest\L> ݋D@00000048science-attitude-33posttest\L> ݋D@00000048science-attitude-22posttest\L> ݋D@00000048science-attitude-12posttest\L> ~fۋD@00000054science-attitude-93posttest\L> &.\ ! O }  B p  5c(VIw<j D@00000044science-attitude-33posttest\L>  D@00000044science-attitude-23posttest\L>  D@00000044science-attitude-13posttest\L>  D@00000040science-attitude-94posttest\L>  D@00000040science-attitude-83posttest\L>  D@00000040science-attitude-72posttest\L>  D@00000040science-attitude-63posttest\L>  D@00000040science-attitude-52posttest\L>  D@00000040science-attitude-43posttest\L>  D@00000040science-attitude-33posttest\L>  D@00000040science-attitude-23posttest\L>  D@00000040science-attitude-13posttest\L> a D@00000052science-attitude-93posttest\L> a D@00000052science-attitude-83posttest\L> a D@00000052science-attitude-73posttest\L> a D@00000052science-attitude-62posttest\L> a D@00000052science-attitude-52posttest\L> a D@00000052science-attitude-41posttest\L> a D@00000052science-attitude-32posttest\L> a D@00000052science-attitude-23posttest\L> a D@00000052science-attitude-12posttest\L> " D@00000038science-attitude-93posttest\L> " D@00000038science-attitude-82posttest\L> " D@00000038science-attitude-73posttest\L> " D@00000038science-attitude-63posttest\L> " D@00000038science-attitude-52posttest\L> " D@00000038science-attitude-43posttest\L> " D@00000038science-attitude-33posttest\L> " D@00000038science-attitude-22posttest\L> " D@00000038science-attitude-12posttest\L> QߋD@00000031science-attitude-92posttest\L> QߋD@00000031science-attitude-82posttest\L> QߋD@00000031science-attitude-73posttest\L> QߋD@00000031science-attitude-64posttest\L> QߋD@00000031science-attitude-52posttest\L> QߋD@00000031science-attitude-42posttest\L> QߋD@00000031science-attitude-34posttest\L> QߋD@00000031science-attitude-23posttest\L> &.\ ! O }  B p  5c(VIw<jYD@00000110science-attitude-53posttest\L> YD@00000110science-attitude-43posttest\L> YD@00000110science-attitude-33posttest\L> YD@00000110science-attitude-23posttest\L> YD@00000110science-attitude-13posttest\L>  D@00000058science-attitude-93posttest\L>  D@00000058science-attitude-83posttest\L>  D@00000058science-attitude-73posttest\L>  D@00000058science-attitude-63posttest\L>  D@00000058science-attitude-53posttest\L>  D@00000058science-attitude-43posttest\L>  D@00000058science-attitude-34posttest\L>  D@00000058science-attitude-22posttest\L>  D@00000058science-attitude-13posttest\L> ~D@00000053science-attitude-93posttest\L> ~D@00000053science-attitude-83posttest\L> ~D@00000053science-attitude-73posttest\L> ~D@00000053science-attitude-63posttest\L> ~D@00000053science-attitude-53posttest\L> ~D@00000053science-attitude-43posttest\L> ~D@00000053science-attitude-33posttest\L> ~D@00000053science-attitude-23posttest\L> ~D@00000053science-attitude-13posttest\L> 8D@00000059science-attitude-93posttest\L> 8D@00000059science-attitude-83posttest\L> 8D@00000059science-attitude-73posttest\L> 8D@00000059science-attitude-63posttest\L> 8D@00000059science-attitude-53posttest\L> 8D@00000059science-attitude-43posttest\L> 8D@00000059science-attitude-33posttest\L> 8D@00000059science-attitude-23posttest\L> 8D@00000059science-attitude-13posttest\L>  D@00000044science-attitude-93posttest\L>  D@00000044science-attitude-83posttest\L>  D@00000044science-attitude-73posttest\L>  D@00000044science-attitude-62posttest\L>  D@00000044science-attitude-53posttest\L>  D@00000044science-attitude-42posttest\L> &.\ ! O }  B p  5c(VIw<jRD@00000095science-attitude-74posttest\L> RD@00000095science-attitude-64posttest\L> RD@00000095science-attitude-54posttest\L> RD@00000095science-attitude-44posttest\L> RD@00000095science-attitude-34posttest\L> RD@00000095science-attitude-24posttest\L> RD@00000095science-attitude-13posttest\L> RD@00000047science-attitude-94posttest\L> RD@00000047science-attitude-83posttest\L> RD@00000047science-attitude-73posttest\L> RD@00000047science-attitude-64posttest\L> RD@00000047science-attitude-54posttest\L> RD@00000047science-attitude-44posttest\L> RD@00000047science-attitude-32posttest\L> RD@00000047science-attitude-22posttest\L> RD@00000047science-attitude-13posttest\L> 7D@00000108science-attitude-94posttest\L> 7D@00000108science-attitude-84posttest\L> 7D@00000108science-attitude-73posttest\L> 7D@00000108science-attitude-63posttest\L> 7D@00000108science-attitude-53posttest\L> 7D@00000108science-attitude-43posttest\L> 7D@00000108science-attitude-33posttest\L> 7D@00000108science-attitude-23posttest\L> 7D@00000108science-attitude-13posttest\L> fffD@00000117science-attitude-94posttest\L> fffD@00000117science-attitude-84posttest\L> fffD@00000117science-attitude-73posttest\L> fffD@00000117science-attitude-63posttest\L> fffD@00000117science-attitude-52posttest\L> fffD@00000117science-attitude-42posttest\L> fffD@00000117science-attitude-33posttest\L> fffD@00000117science-attitude-22posttest\L> fffD@00000117science-attitude-13posttest\L> YD@00000110science-attitude-93posttest\L> YD@00000110science-attitude-83posttest\L> YD@00000110science-attitude-73posttest\L> YD@00000110science-attitude-63posttest\L> &.\ ! O }  B p  5c(VIw<jdD@00000105science-attitude-94posttest\L> dD@00000105science-attitude-84posttest\L> dD@00000105science-attitude-73posttest\L> dD@00000105science-attitude-63posttest\L> dD@00000105science-attitude-53posttest\L> dD@00000105science-attitude-43posttest\L> dD@00000105science-attitude-33posttest\L> dD@00000105science-attitude-24posttest\L> dD@00000105science-attitude-13posttest\L> fqD@00000091science-attitude-94posttest\L> fqD@00000091science-attitude-84posttest\L> fqD@00000091science-attitude-74posttest\L> fqD@00000091science-attitude-63posttest\L> fqD@00000091science-attitude-52posttest\L> fqD@00000091science-attitude-43posttest\L> fqD@00000091science-attitude-32posttest\L> fqD@00000091science-attitude-24posttest\L> fqD@00000091science-attitude-13posttest\L> fqD@00000042science-attitude-93posttest\L> fqD@00000042science-attitude-83posttest\L> fqD@00000042science-attitude-73posttest\L> fqD@00000042science-attitude-63posttest\L> fqD@00000042science-attitude-52posttest\L> fqD@00000042science-attitude-42posttest\L> fqD@00000042science-attitude-33posttest\L> fqD@00000042science-attitude-23posttest\L> fqD@00000042science-attitude-12posttest\L> = YD@00000056science-attitude-93posttest\L> = YD@00000056science-attitude-83posttest\L> = YD@00000056science-attitude-73posttest\L> = YD@00000056science-attitude-63posttest\L> = YD@00000056science-attitude-53posttest\L> = YD@00000056science-attitude-43posttest\L> = YD@00000056science-attitude-33posttest\L> = YD@00000056science-attitude-23posttest\L> = YD@00000056science-attitude-13posttest\L> RD@00000095science-attitude-94posttest\L> RD@00000095science-attitude-84posttest\L> &.\ ! O }  B p  5c(VIw<jQaD@00000041science-attitude-23posttest\L> QaD@00000041science-attitude-13posttest\L> >D@00000034science-attitude-93posttest\L> >D@00000034science-attitude-83posttest\L> >D@00000034science-attitude-73posttest\L> >D@00000034science-attitude-62posttest\L> >D@00000034science-attitude-53posttest\L> >D@00000034science-attitude-42posttest\L> >D@00000034science-attitude-33posttest\L> >D@00000034science-attitude-23posttest\L> >D@00000034science-attitude-12posttest\L> !N&D@00000104science-attitude-93posttest\L> !N&D@00000104science-attitude-83posttest\L> !N&D@00000104science-attitude-74posttest\L> !N&D@00000104science-attitude-64posttest\L> !N&D@00000104science-attitude-54posttest\L> !N&D@00000104science-attitude-44posttest\L> !N&D@00000104science-attitude-33posttest\L> !N&D@00000104science-attitude-23posttest\L> !N&D@00000104science-attitude-13posttest\L> mD@00000046science-attitude-93posttest\L> mD@00000046science-attitude-83posttest\L> mD@00000046science-attitude-73posttest\L> mD@00000046science-attitude-63posttest\L> mD@00000046science-attitude-53posttest\L> mD@00000046science-attitude-43posttest\L> mD@00000046science-attitude-32posttest\L> mD@00000046science-attitude-23posttest\L> mD@00000046science-attitude-13posttest\L> e|D@00000102science-attitude-93posttest\L> e|D@00000102science-attitude-83posttest\L> e|D@00000102science-attitude-73posttest\L> e|D@00000102science-attitude-62posttest\L> e|D@00000102science-attitude-51posttest\L> e|D@00000102science-attitude-41posttest\L> e|D@00000102science-attitude-31posttest\L> e|D@00000102science-attitude-21posttest\L> e|D@00000102science-attitude-12posttest\L> &.\ ! O }  B p  5c(VIw<j^M ^M ^M ^M $D@00000055science-attitude-93posttest\L> $D@00000055science-attitude-83posttest\L> $D@00000055science-attitude-73posttest\L> $D@00000055science-attitude-63posttest\L> $D@00000055science-attitude-52posttest\L> $D@00000055science-attitude-43posttest\L> $D@00000055science-attitude-32posttest\L> $D@00000055science-attitude-23posttest\L> $D@00000055science-attitude-13posttest\L> |D@00000049science-attitude-93posttest\L> |D@00000049science-attitude-82posttest\L> |D@00000049science-attitude-72posttest\L> |D@00000049science-attitude-62posttest\L> |D@00000049science-attitude-52posttest\L> |D@00000049science-attitude-42posttest\L> |D@00000049science-attitude-33posttest\L> |D@00000049science-attitude-22posttest\L> |D@00000049science-attitude-13posttest\L> zD@00000100science-attitude-94posttest\L> zD@00000100science-attitude-84posttest\L> zD@00000100science-attitude-74posttest\L> zD@00000100science-attitude-63posttest\L> zD@00000100science-attitude-54posttest\L> zD@00000100science-attitude-43posttest\L> zD@00000100science-attitude-32posttest\L> zD@00000100science-attitude-23posttest\L> zD@00000100science-attitude-13posttest\L> QaD@00000041science-attitude-94posttest\L> QaD@00000041science-attitude-84posttest\L> QaD@00000041science-attitude-73posttest\L> QaD@00000041science-attitude-63posttest\L> QaD@00000041science-attitude-53posttest\L> QaD@00000041science-attitude-43posttest\L> QaD@00000041science-attitude-33posttest\L> &.\ ! O }  B p  5c(VIw<jPD@00000113science-attitude-64posttest\L> PD@00000113science-attitude-53posttest\L> PD@00000113science-attitude-44posttest\L> PD@00000113science-attitude-34posttest\L> PD@00000113science-attitude-23posttest\L> PD@00000113science-attitude-13posttest\L> I7D@00000036science-attitude-93posttest\L> I7D@00000036science-attitude-83posttest\L> I7D@00000036science-attitude-73posttest\L> I7D@00000036science-attitude-62posttest\L> I7D@00000036science-attitude-53posttest\L> I7D@00000036science-attitude-42posttest\L> I7D@00000036science-attitude-32posttest\L> I7D@00000036science-attitude-23posttest\L> I7D@00000036science-attitude-13posttest\L> .؂D@00000120science-attitude-93posttest\L> .؂D@00000120science-attitude-83posttest\L> .؂D@00000120science-attitude-73posttest\L> .؂D@00000120science-attitude-64posttest\L> .؂D@00000120science-attitude-53posttest\L> .؂D@00000120science-attitude-43posttest\L> .؂D@00000120science-attitude-32posttest\L> .؂D@00000120science-attitude-24posttest\L> .؂D@00000120science-attitude-13posttest\L> z5D@00000033science-attitude-93posttest\L> z5D@00000033science-attitude-84posttest\L> z5D@00000033science-attitude-73posttest\L> z5D@00000033science-attitude-63posttest\L> z5D@00000033science-attitude-52posttest\L> z5D@00000033science-attitude-43posttest\L> z5D@00000033science-attitude-32posttest\L> z5D@00000033science-attitude-22posttest\L> z5D@00000033science-attitude-13posttest\L> ^M ^M ^M ^M ^M &.\ ! O }  B p  5c(VIw<jHֹD@00000097science-attitude-83posttest\L> HֹD@00000097science-attitude-73posttest\L> HֹD@00000097science-attitude-62posttest\L> HֹD@00000097science-attitude-52posttest\L> HֹD@00000097science-attitude-42posttest\L> HֹD@00000097science-attitude-32posttest\L> HֹD@00000097science-attitude-23posttest\L> HֹD@00000097science-attitude-13posttest\L> yKsD@00000109science-attitude-93posttest\L> yKsD@00000109science-attitude-83posttest\L> yKsD@00000109science-attitude-73posttest\L> yKsD@00000109science-attitude-63posttest\L> yKsD@00000109science-attitude-52posttest\L> yKsD@00000109science-attitude-43posttest\L> yKsD@00000109science-attitude-33posttest\L> yKsD@00000109science-attitude-24posttest\L> yKsD@00000109science-attitude-13posttest\L> z*D@00000094science-attitude-93posttest\L> z*D@00000094science-attitude-83posttest\L> z*D@00000094science-attitude-73posttest\L> z*D@00000094science-attitude-63posttest\L> z*D@00000094science-attitude-52posttest\L> z*D@00000094science-attitude-43posttest\L> z*D@00000094science-attitude-32posttest\L> z*D@00000094science-attitude-23posttest\L> z*D@00000094science-attitude-13posttest\L> D@00000111science-attitude-94posttest\L> D@00000111science-attitude-84posttest\L> D@00000111science-attitude-74posttest\L> D@00000111science-attitude-63posttest\L> D@00000111science-attitude-53posttest\L> D@00000111science-attitude-43posttest\L> D@00000111science-attitude-33posttest\L> D@00000111science-attitude-23posttest\L> D@00000111science-attitude-13posttest\L> PD@00000113science-attitude-93posttest\L> PD@00000113science-attitude-83posttest\L> PD@00000113science-attitude-73posttest\L> &.\ ! O }  B p  5c(VIw<jD@00000057science-attitude-13posttest\L>  %D@00000103science-attitude-93posttest\L>  %D@00000103science-attitude-83posttest\L>  %D@00000103science-attitude-72posttest\L>  %D@00000103science-attitude-62posttest\L>  %D@00000103science-attitude-52posttest\L>  %D@00000103science-attitude-42posttest\L>  %D@00000103science-attitude-33posttest\L>  %D@00000103science-attitude-23posttest\L>  %D@00000103science-attitude-12posttest\L> |D@00000115science-attitude-93posttest\L> |D@00000115science-attitude-83posttest\L> |D@00000115science-attitude-73posttest\L> |D@00000115science-attitude-63posttest\L> |D@00000115science-attitude-53posttest\L> |D@00000115science-attitude-43posttest\L> |D@00000115science-attitude-33posttest\L> |D@00000115science-attitude-23posttest\L> |D@00000115science-attitude-13posttest\L> ľcD@00000101science-attitude-94posttest\L> ľcD@00000101science-attitude-83posttest\L> ľcD@00000101science-attitude-73posttest\L> ľcD@00000101science-attitude-63posttest\L> ľcD@00000101science-attitude-53posttest\L> ľcD@00000101science-attitude-43posttest\L> ľcD@00000101science-attitude-32posttest\L> ľcD@00000101science-attitude-22posttest\L> ľcD@00000101science-attitude-12posttest\L> 333D@00000039science-attitude-93posttest\L> 333D@00000039science-attitude-83posttest\L> 333D@00000039science-attitude-73posttest\L> 333D@00000039science-attitude-62posttest\L> 333D@00000039science-attitude-52posttest\L> 333D@00000039science-attitude-42posttest\L> 333D@00000039science-attitude-32posttest\L> 333D@00000039science-attitude-23posttest\L> 333D@00000039science-attitude-13posttest\L> HֹD@00000097science-attitude-93posttest\L> &.\ ! O }  B p  5c(VIw<jD@00000116science-attitude-43posttest\L> D@00000116science-attitude-33posttest\L> D@00000116science-attitude-23posttest\L> D@00000116science-attitude-13posttest\L> 2ID@00000099science-attitude-93posttest\L> 2ID@00000099science-attitude-83posttest\L> 2ID@00000099science-attitude-73posttest\L> 2ID@00000099science-attitude-63posttest\L> 2ID@00000099science-attitude-52posttest\L> 2ID@00000099science-attitude-43posttest\L> 2ID@00000099science-attitude-32posttest\L> 2ID@00000099science-attitude-22posttest\L> 2ID@00000099science-attitude-12posttest\L> q2ID@00000050science-attitude-93posttest\L> q2ID@00000050science-attitude-83posttest\L> q2ID@00000050science-attitude-73posttest\L> q2ID@00000050science-attitude-63posttest\L> q2ID@00000050science-attitude-52posttest\L> q2ID@00000050science-attitude-43posttest\L> q2ID@00000050science-attitude-33posttest\L> q2ID@00000050science-attitude-13posttest\L> q2ID@00000035science-attitude-93posttest\L> q2ID@00000035science-attitude-83posttest\L> q2ID@00000035science-attitude-73posttest\L> q2ID@00000035science-attitude-63posttest\L> q2ID@00000035science-attitude-53posttest\L> q2ID@00000035science-attitude-43posttest\L> q2ID@00000035science-attitude-33posttest\L> q2ID@00000035science-attitude-23posttest\L> q2ID@00000035science-attitude-13posttest\L> D@00000057science-attitude-93posttest\L> D@00000057science-attitude-83posttest\L> D@00000057science-attitude-73posttest\L> D@00000057science-attitude-63posttest\L> D@00000057science-attitude-53posttest\L> D@00000057science-attitude-43posttest\L> D@00000057science-attitude-33posttest\L> D@00000057science-attitude-23posttest\L> &.\ ! 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Weather and climate are different for weather is a short term condition whilst climate is a long term, more general condition.The carbon cycle is the process of carbon going through each sphere of the earth, such as the atmosphere, biosphere etc. It is important for it keeps the carbon circulating around areas where it may be needed, and then again equilises the level of carbon in each system.Greenhouse gases are warm gases produced and put out into the atmosphere and is kept in by the ozone layer in order to keep the earth at a temperature warm enough for life to exist.i really didn't understand the climate models enough to be able to make a recommendationi do not think that this is possible as the air displacement from the butterfly flapping its wings would not get greater as it travels away from brazil and would certainly not be able to cause a snowstorm on another continentthe current climate system is not really stable as we are releasing carbon into the atmosphere that should not be there and it is working as a greenhouse has to warm up the earthdynamic equilibrium is where the carbon from the earth an =d the atmosphere is contantly moving and therefore 'dynamic' and yet there is a total amount which is always the same between themi don't really understand the concept of feedbackclimate is not really predicted. it stays the same almost all of the time, hence why it is such a big deal the small changes nowweather can be predicted by weather patterns on other parts of the earth, accurate to about a week in advanceweather and climate are different. weather is thw remperature and conditions at a place for a temporary amount of time eg. a stormy day would be because of the weather. but the climate is the temperature of a place for a long period of timeLVAL V L  z:`When the temperature, or another aspect of the weather, stays the same in the long run but has little variations from day to day. E.g: temperature flucatuating a little daily but the average staying the same for the long run.The atmosphere changing in response to a human action, for example the temperature rising.Yes, climate always remains the same and hardly changes unless if we causing lots of things that make change.Yes, though it is not always accurate as weather conditions can change rapidly.Different,weather is the state of atmosphere at a particular state of time, while climate is throughout.Carbon particles travelling randomly through the air and ocean. It warms up the atmosphere as well as the ocean.Particles, like C02 in the atmosphere, which trap heat from the sun's rays. They are what keeps plants and animals alive.I believe the current global system is stable as we are continuing to use fossil fuel at a steady pace, not causing very many, sudden changes to the climate system. However on a larger scale of time, the current global climate system is most likely in amidst the change due to urbanisation, ie increased use of fossil fuels.An example of an emergent property isAn example of dynamic equillibrium in the system is the level of carbon. Changes in the amount of fossil fuel use will change the level of carbon in the system in areas such as the atmosphere and biosphere as well as in the ocean, however eventually they will meet a point where they run parallel to each other-like they did before the change was made. This is called dynamic equillibrium.Examples of feedback include such things as the water feedback.The water feedback is the process of water which is being an output also becomes an input and moves around the spheres of the earth.Climate can also be predicted however its accuracy may not be as great as weather as it is trying to predict the conditions further in the future.LVAL \~ " ><`examples of feedback in climate systems are water feedback and albedo feedback. greenhouse gases are gases in the atmosphere that cause the greenhouse effect. they prevent some of the heat of the sun from escaping the atmosphere. the grewenhouse effect is what makes life on earth possible as it keeps the earth warm. It is not very stable as the heat that is reaching the earth's surface is getting too hot due to climate change. The earth is recieving way more uv rays than it is suppose to due to the hole in the ozone layer. We have rapidly increased in the temperatures. This winter we faced the hottest winter of few years.examples of emergent properties in climate systems are Some examples of dynamic equilibum areSome examples of feedback in climate systems are the positive feedback, negative feedback, Climate is something that is hard to predict accurately. It can only be estimated how far the climate will change relying on the data collected on it from the previous years.weather can be predicted. However it can not be predicted as far to a year in advance but only to max week in advance. Hence the job meteorologist and the weather reports we rely on from the news.weather and climte are different. weather is what is seen over a short period of time and can only be predicted up to a week in advance. Climate is seen over a long period of time and can not be predicted as much as weather but can be predicted somewhat looking at datas collected from previous years.The carbon cycle is the cycle that recycles our air. The trees take in carbon dioxide and reldase oxygen. It is important to us as without this cycle, we won't have any fresh air to breathe in. It supports all living things on this planet.No, it is rising up due to the many changes we are causing.When the weather conditions change enough to kill off all the living parts of the biosphere.When a the pattern of an aspect of the weather is revealed.8$&6 \  ; a q  6d)Sy 2X|# 2_7:D@00000096science-attitude-83posttest\L> 2_7:D@00000096science-attitude-73posttest\L> 2_7:D@00000096science-attitude-63posttest\L> 2_7:D@00000096science-attitude-53posttest\L> 2_7:D@00000096science-attitude-43posttest\L> 2_7:D@00000096science-attitude-33posttest\L> 2_7:D@00000096science-attitude-23posttest\L> 2_7:D@00000096science-attitude-13posttest\L> w8D@00000044climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R w8D@00000044climate_knowledge_10n@ posttest01bNB w8D@00000044climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ w8D@00000044climate_knowledge_8n@ posttest01`L@ w8D@00000044climate_knowledge_7L@posttest01`L@ w8D@00000044climate_knowledge_6@posttest01`L@ w8D@00000044climate_knowledge_5\@posttest01`L@ w8D@00000044climate_knowledge_4@posttest01`L@ w8D@00000044climate_knowledge_3\@posttest01`L@ w8D@00000044climate_knowledge_2@posttest01`L@ w8D@00000044climate_knowledge_1posttest01`L@ 'D@00000058climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R 'D@00000058climate_knowledge_10v@posttest01bNB 'D@00000058climate_knowledge_9@posttest01`L@ 'D@00000058climate_knowledge_8v@posttest01`L@ 2LVAL  J x<Vdifferent weather is the state of tghe atmosphere in a certain area for a short period of time climate is long termc02 is absorbed into vegetation with light and photoynthesised into things like glucose and oxygen. that oxygen is used(breathed) by other living organisms and through process of respiration becomes carbon dioxide again carbon is also released into the atmosphere through other means such as tree and fossil fuel burning as the carbon becomes c02 again the process repeats important because it keeps life goingthese gases that trap heat from the sunthe current global climate system is not stable because the more carbon emmissions are being created, therefore adding to the carbon cycle. Also, temperatures in the earth are rising, possible due to an enhanced greenhouse effect. i dont know what 'tragedy of the commons' are. An emergent property in climate systems is something that emerges and was not part of the system at the start. An example of a dynamic equilibrium in climate systems is the carbon cycle. there is a constant amount of carbon in the system even the carbon molecules transfer from one place to another. climate can be predicted because it is the AVERAGE conditions of an area over a period of time. because it is an average and is detrmined from daa collected over a period of time, it is possible to predict climate by looking at changes happening to the overall conditions of an area. weather can be predicted to an extent. it can be predicted by studying an area's weather patterns and by measuring the conditions, but weather forecasts are not 100% accurate. weather is the state of the atmosphere at any given time. climate is the average atmospheric conditions of a particular area over a period of time. the carbon cycle comprises of the things carbon can be stored in - the atmosphere, animals, plants and fossil fuels. the carbon cycle is important because it explains why, if there is no adding of carbon, there is a constant amount of carbon on earth.2#&L j w f  E k"4Z9N`bID@00000050climate_knowledge_3@posttest01`L@ bID@00000050climate_knowledge_2@posttest01`L@ bID@00000050climate_knowledge_1@posttest01`L@ !CeGD@00000052climate_knowledge_confidence3posttest01t`R !CeGD@00000052climate_knowledge_10Z@posttest01bNB !CeGD@00000052climate_knowledge_9I'm not sure.posttest01o[@ !CeGD@00000052climate_knowledge_8@posttest01`L@ !CeGD@00000052climate_knowledge_7@posttest01`L@ !CeGD@00000052climate_knowledge_6@posttest01`L@ !CeGD@00000052climate_knowledge_5@posttest01`L@ !CeGD@00000052climate_knowledge_4@posttest01`L@ !CeGD@00000052climate_knowledge_3@posttest01`L@ !CeGD@00000052climate_knowledge_2@posttest01`L@ !CeGD@00000052climate_knowledge_1@posttest01`L@ #a@D@00000102climate_knowledge_confidence1posttest01t`R #a@D@00000102climate_knowledge_10x@posttest01bNB #a@D@00000102climate_knowledge_9f@posttest01`L@ #a@D@00000102climate_knowledge_8@posttest01`L@ #a@D@00000102climate_knowledge_7@posttest01`L@ #a@D@00000102climate_knowledge_6@posttest01`L@ #a@D@00000102climate_knowledge_5@posttest01`L@ #a@D@00000102climate_knowledge_4@posttest01`L@ #a@D@00000102climate_knowledge_30@posttest01`L@ #a@D@00000102climate_knowledge_2@posttest01`L@ #a@D@00000102climate_knowledge_1@posttest01`L@ #fLClimate can be predicted based on the weather over many years. The climate of a region can best be determined after collecting data of the weather of that particular region over many years. This allows a fairly accurate guess of the climate of a certain region or area.Weather can be predicted. Weather is predicted by advanced technology and synoptic maps. We are able to predict the temperature of tomorrow's weather with the dadvanced technology we have today. However, weather can only be predicted approx. a week after the date of the current day. This is because weather changes, therefore only allowing us to make an estimate.Different. Weather is the temperature of the air surrounding us. The term climate describes the surroundings around us. Climate does not change and fluctuate as much as weather does. Weather is talking about the forecast of the temperature in a certain region. Climate describes the average temperature and weather conditions of a certain region or place, allowing little flucutation unlike the term weather.A carbon cycle is a cycle which shows how greenhouse gases and fossil fuel usage affect our climate. It is important as we can see the long term effects of greenhouse gases and fossil fuel usage.Greenhouse gases are gases that are sent up into our atmosphere. They are gases like caron dioxide.the temperature over long periods of time as it fluctuates through the seasons it creates a zig zag pattern on the graph. if the long term temperature increases, the whole zigzag increases with it, if it decreases, then the temp. also decreases so despite the rising and falling of the temperature in accordance to the seasons, the whole thing overall still rises and falls togetherclimate can be predicted but not accurately because nobody fully understands climate or at least enough to predict things with complete certaintyweather can be predicted using a variety of instruments but not accurately because predictions in general are pretty much never 100% GUARANTEEDbLVALTZ : ~The carbon cycle is a closed cycle in which carbon moves around and changes form in the earth. Carbon is never destroyed and that is important as we should find ways to keep it in a form that isn't harmful to the earth. When a tree dies, the carbon it has absorbed over its life is released. I think the importance is that we know that it can't be destroyed but it probably can be contained in ways such as trees. If we can attempt to keep trees alive, or stop the logging of forests, then the carbon in the actual atmosphere will be limited, and the carbon will be in the trees.Greenhouse gases are the gases that are found in the atmosphere. They float around in the air and provide us with heat. UV rays reflect off them, and back to earth, so it is like a barrier that keeps the heat in. If there were no greenhouse gases, the UV rays would just come into earth and be reflected back out so earth would be too cold to live on.The current global climate system is stable in the short term. But, because of the continuous ice cap melting, and the temperature of the earth warming up due to increased fossil fuel usage and greenhouse gas emissions, the current global climate system is only stable for the next couple 100 years or so. Therefore, for the future generations, we will have to make some changes in how we use the supplies the earth has given us, such as coal. I do not know what 'tragedy of the commons' means. An example of an emergent property is the bird model. It shows that it is not in the birds nature to follow and obey a certain set of rules. It is an emergent property. Sorry, I still do not fully get the term emergent.Equilibrium is the balance between two things in a climate system. In order for the carbon cycle to continue running for a long time, we have to be able to adjust fossil fuel usage and greenhouse gas emissions. This is an example of dynamic equilibrium.I'm still not 100% comfortable with feedback. To be honest, I have no idea what it is.LVALh L hVI think that the current global climate system is not very stable and the equilibrium is not in place and the temperature keeps rising but there is nothing to cool it down. When something emerges from the use of something else? It is like when more rain is the effect / emergent of the increasing temperature. A dynamic equilibrium in climate systems are when two factors balance themselves out. If temperature rises a lot in the atmosphere, there will be more rain as the evaporation and condensation will happen much faster. Then the rain will fall and cool the earth? So the heat rises the temperature and then the rain cools it back to a balanced state?Feedback is when something happens in the environment, and that event causes someting else to happen in the environment. Such as the enlarged use of fossil fuels will cause more carbon to be in the atmosphere and will therefore mean that the temperature will go up and so will the carbon in the oceans, which could lead to acidification.No, climate cannot be predicted as the things we do can change it immensely. If we keep using fossil fuels, but suddenly stop, the climate will change. It really depends on if we know what human activities impact on the climate. If we can find out the activities that truly impact on the climate, then maybe we can predict it.Weather can be predicted as you can view the past weeks and days, and the state of the atmosphere at the time to give a prediction. The prediction may not be 100% accurate and may sometimes be wrong, when the earth takes a sudden turn, but it can generally be predicted.Weather is a short term thing, such as the temperature and rainfall of a day. It is of a particular place and time. Climate is the long term averages of the states of the atmosphere and is found through research and records. The climate is more constant and changes seen are over a more prolonged period of time. They are different.LVAL . j jdTemperature and the number of CO2s in the atmosphere are generally in a state of dynamic equilibrium, in that they follow each other in terms of trends, but yet are not equal, and fluctuate in a minor fashion, while still folloiwing a general trend.Feedback is when the a part of the outputs in a climate system become part of the inputs. For example, the carbon cycle, or the movement of heat in the greenhouse effect. The current global climate system is not stable because fossil fuel use is increasing, which leads to an increase in greenhouse gases and increasing temperatures. I'm not sure but examples of 'tragedy of the commons' in climate systems could be when common species like sheep begin to die out?.A dynamic equilibrium is when something e.g. temperature is constantly changing but stable overall. The system has reached a stable point and although fluctuations occur the temperature is stable in the long term.I'm not sure but feedback in climate systems is when an action like increasing fossil fuel use has an impact on the system and feedback occurs e.g. increased temperatures.Climate is more difficult to predict than weather because it is long term. However, we can use climate records from the recent past to find trends and patterns and use these to predict climate.Weather can be predicted accurately to withing the next two or three days.Weather and climate are different. Weather is short term and climate is more long term.The carbon cycle is the cycle of carbon movement on earth. Carbon is taken in by trees and stored, while carbon is released from oceans and fires etc. The amount of carbon on earth never changes, but the carbon is absorbed and released constantly.Greenhouse gases are gases like water vapour or carbon dioxide that are in the atmosphere and prevent some of the heat that the earth receives from the sun from escaping. They are important because they heat the earth and allow life to exist.k#&L c s  , R x &8^=as,kLD@00000049climate_knowledge_5@posttest01`L@ kLD@00000049climate_knowledge_4@posttest01`L@ kLD@00000049climate_knowledge_3@posttest01`L@ kLD@00000049climate_knowledge_2@ posttest01`L@ kLD@00000049climate_knowledge_1^@ posttest01`L@ oSLD@00000059climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R oSLD@00000059climate_knowledge_10@ posttest01bNB oSLD@00000059climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ oSLD@00000059climate_knowledge_8posttest01`L@ oSLD@00000059climate_knowledge_7P@posttest01`L@ oSLD@00000059climate_knowledge_6@posttest01`L@ oSLD@00000059climate_knowledge_5@posttest01`L@ oSLD@00000059climate_knowledge_4f@posttest01`L@ oSLD@00000059climate_knowledge_3@posttest01`L@ oSLD@00000059climate_knowledge_2`@posttest01`L@ oSLD@00000059climate_knowledge_1d@posttest01`L@ YID@00000031climate_knowledge_confidence3posttest01t`R YID@00000031climate_knowledge_10 No, as posttest01kWB YID@00000031climate_knowledge_9@posttest01`L@ YID@00000031climate_knowledge_8T@posttest01`L@ YID@00000031climate_knowledge_7@ posttest01`L@ YID@00000031climate_knowledge_6V@ posttest01`L@ YID@00000031climate_knowledge_56@posttest01`L@ YID@00000031climate_knowledge_4 @posttest01`L@ YID@00000031climate_knowledge_3~@posttest01`L@ YID@00000031climate_knowledge_2x@posttest01`L@ YID@00000031climate_knowledge_1@posttest01`L@ bID@00000050climate_knowledge_confidence3posttest01t`R bID@00000050climate_knowledge_10F@posttest01bNB bID@00000050climate_knowledge_9@posttest01`L@ bID@00000050climate_knowledge_8I'm not sure.posttest01o[@ bID@00000050climate_knowledge_7@posttest01`L@ bID@00000050climate_knowledge_6V@posttest01`L@ bID@00000050climate_knowledge_5@posttest01`L@ bID@00000050climate_knowledge_4@posttest01`L@ LVAL xYes, as climate is defined on the basis of previous data collection of atmospheric conditions, in the assumption that the previous data will repeat itself.Weather can be predeicted, but only in the short term. As weather refers to a short period of atmospheric conditions, quite specific in their details and also quite short-term, it can be predicted, however, not from more han a few days beforehand, at least not accurately.No, as weather refers to atmospheric conditions such as temperature, wind presence and speed, cloud cover and precipitation in the short term over a certain area of the Earth's surface, generally for a few days, predicted by conditions in the few days before. However, climate refers to the types of temperatures and precipitation in a specific area, during a specific period of months, as predicted by data gathered in previous years and decades.The carbon cycle is the movement of carbon in and directly surrounding the Earth throughout various forms, and also it's movement from the ocean to the Earth, to the atmosphere. It is important as it relates directly to the amount of carbon in living things, i.e. humans, and other organisms upon whom humans depend.Greenhouse gases are gases within the Earth's atmosphere, generally in the layer known as the troposphere, which serve to create a greenhouse effect. Namely, they aid in the trapping of heat and to a small degree, light in the Earth's atmosphere, by allowing the sun's rays into the Earht's atmposphere, adn then, instead of releasing them back into space, bouncing them off various parts of the Earth's surface, warming that part of the Earth, as well as the air above it. Eventually, part of this ray is sent back into space, however, a good deal of it has already been absorbed by the Earth. Greenhouse gases are important as they enable this process to exist. Without this process, the earth would not be sufficiently heated to be able to sustain life of almost any kind.  LVAL  P 8 z2The Carbon Cycle is way carbon moves in the atmosphere. Carbon travels in a cycle moving all around the atmosphere. It is important that the carbon cycle exists to keep all living organisms alive on the earth with a balance of the carbon cycle. Greenhouse gases are gases such as carbon dioxide that trap heat into the earth's atmosphere. This heat comes from the sun and would escape if there were no greenhouse gases. Greenhouse gases are important because without them the earth would be very cold and a place not sustainable for living things. I think the global climate system is stable because in the long term perspective, we cna see a pattern of climate in past records. Examples of dynamic equilibrium in climate systems is the temperature, while it is steadily increasing, patterns of sudden increase and decrease of temperature is seen.Examples of feedback in systems can be: albedo, ice makes the land and ocean temperture lower amount of cloud cover,fossil fuels burned, Yes since climate is seen from a long term point of view, climate can be predicted through patterns of past results.Yes it can but it may not be 100% correct at times.Weather and climate are different. Weather is measured and seen short term while climate is measure and seen form a long term point of view.The carbon cycle is when carbon dioxide (CO2) is breathed out from humans and produced by us through burning of fossil fuels (cars, airconditioning) into the atmoshpere and plants and trees turn the CO2 into oxygen for humans. This creates a cycle which makes Earth habitable by plants, trees and humans.Green house gases are gases in the atmoshpere. they are important because they protect us from harmful UV rays of the sun and also partially the heat emitted from the sun's rays.This was never taught to us. I do not know what 'tragedy of the commons' is.In a climate system, when albedo is increased, the temperature- CO2 relationship enters an emergent phase, in which the previous pattern changes and a new one is formed. 4LVAL 6 *L.V???? sorry. I'm guessing tragedy of the commons involves changes in wind speed or something like that.Examples of emergent properties in climate systems are: -oxygen -CO2 (SORRY, I REALLY DON'T KNOW HOW TO ANSWER THIS QUESTION. AGAIN, THIS WAS JUST A GUESS. SORRY FOR ANY INCONVENIENCE CAUSED) D;The current global climate system is stable in my opinion but others might say that it is not. Although it has kept a gradual pace in accordance to the global temperature, it is slowly going up. Tragedy of the commons, we didn't learn about this one...Emergent properties are new patterns evolving in a climate system. Examples can include a fire, or a new pattern on the temperature of the earth's atmosphere as a whole. Dynamic Equilibrium is when everything in a climate system has come to a constant, it will not move up or down but gradually stay the same. Feedback in climate systems are how the earth's atmosphere responds to certain changes. For example, more rays coming from the sun in a climate system can lead to feedback of more carbon in the atmosphere. Climate is not something that needs to be predicted. It is more based on where a place is located on the earth. For example, places near the Equator have a hotter and humid climate rather than somewhere near the poles of the earth. Weather can be predicted to a certain extent. It cannot be predicted a very long time beforehand. But we can get a general knowledge of how the weather will be like on a certain day around a week beforehand. Weather and Climate are different. The weather is short term and can be predicted, the weather usually means for one day. This can be predicted and varies according to whether it is Winter or Summer. The weather of the day can be sunny with a chance of rain for example. Climate is different, it is more long term and a vast knowlegde about the overall weather in a particular place. This is usually the same all year round and is like a ''summary'' of the particular place's weather. $&L \  ; a  *Pv /SeDj(\OD@00000053climate_knowledge_8R@posttest01`L@ (\OD@00000053climate_knowledge_7<@posttest01`L@ (\OD@00000053climate_knowledge_6\@posttest01`L@ (\OD@00000053climate_knowledge_5n@posttest01`L@ (\OD@00000053climate_knowledge_4@posttest01`L@ (\OD@00000053climate_knowledge_3@posttest01`L@ (\OD@00000053climate_knowledge_26@posttest01`L@ (\OD@00000053climate_knowledge_1~@posttest01`L@ ND@00000034climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R ND@00000034climate_knowledge_10@posttest01bNB ND@00000034climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ ND@00000034climate_knowledge_8@posttest01`L@ ND@00000034climate_knowledge_7@posttest01`L@ ND@00000034climate_knowledge_6@posttest01`L@ ND@00000034climate_knowledge_5@posttest01`L@ ND@00000034climate_knowledge_4@posttest01`L@ ND@00000034climate_knowledge_3d@posttest01`L@ ND@00000034climate_knowledge_2@posttest01`L@ ND@00000034climate_knowledge_1L@posttest01`L@ IvMD@00000032climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R IvMD@00000032climate_knowledge_10<@posttest01bNB IvMD@00000032climate_knowledge_9@ posttest01`L@ IvMD@00000032climate_knowledge_8@posttest01`L@ IvMD@00000032climate_knowledge_7@posttest01`L@ IvMD@00000032climate_knowledge_6@posttest01`L@ IvMD@00000032climate_knowledge_5@posttest01`L@ IvMD@00000032climate_knowledge_4@posttest01`L@ IvMD@00000032climate_knowledge_3@posttest01`L@ IvMD@00000032climate_knowledge_2@posttest01`L@ IvMD@00000032climate_knowledge_1@posttest01`L@ kLD@00000049climate_knowledge_confidence3posttest01t`R kLD@00000049climate_knowledge_10@posttest01bNB kLD@00000049climate_knowledge_9r@posttest01`L@ kLD@00000049climate_knowledge_8T@posttest01`L@ kLD@00000049climate_knowledge_7@posttest01`L@ kLD@00000049climate_knowledge_6@posttest01`L@ ,LVAL( Z h6HDynamic equilibrium is when something remains relatively constant despite the changing factors around it. For example, the amount carbon in a climate system is an example of dynamic equilibrium, as the amount of carbon remains relatively constant.Feedback is when the output of a system becomes an input. It can involve: water feedback, carbon emissions, cloud cover, albedo. (SORRY, I ACTUALLY DON'T KNOW THE ANSWER, IT'S JUST A GUESS) D;I think climate can be predicted because it observes temperature and air pressures over a long period of time. THe climate cannot change suddenly, it would change slowly. Taking into account of previous data and readings, I think that climate can be predicted.Weather can, to an extent, be predicted. It would have to take in numerous calculations and recordings of factors such as the temperature for the past 12 hours, air pressure, air masses, cold/warm fronts. It would be impossible to generate a completely accurate prediction however, I think an approximate prediction can be obtained. Weather and climate are different. Weather is the condition of air and temperature over a certain area for a short period of time. On the other hand, climate is the condition of air and temperature over a wider region for an extended period of time.The carbon cycle is the cycle is which tracks the movements of carbon. It involves the release of carbon (ie. from factories, cars, people, animals etc) and the taking-in of carbon (ie. trees, plants)It is important as it helps identify the proportion of carbon which is being released and taken in, which will assist us to attain a sustainable use of carbon.Greenhouse gases are gases in the atmosphere which trap heat on Earth. It is important as it regulates the global temperature and ensures that the temperature is suitabe for living and producing. Without greenhouse gases, our planet would be relatively warm when the sun faces us but the temperatures would drop significantly when the sun faces another direction. LVAL x~(I'm not sure. I have missed some lessons.Greenhouse gasses are gasses that trap heat in the atmosphere. Emergent properties in climate systems are things that emerge from actions or things in the climate system .Weather and climate are not the same. Weather is the term used to describe the temperature and wind conditions on a certain day at a certain time, however climate is used to describe temperature, wind and location conditions in a certain area of the world over a prolonged period of time - around 30 years.The carbon cycle is the closed system in which carbon travels throughout our planet. Carbon goes through a number of things and gets transsported in different ways. Carbon is in almost everything; air, trees, animals, water. It is in every sphere of the world, and gets transported through respiration, evaporation, food, and more.Greenhouse gases are a combination of natural and human-released gases into the atmosphere. The greenhouse effect is the mix of gases that is released, and this mix consists of gases like C02 and more. These gases work to prevent heat from escaping from our world and work with our Ozone layer.The current global climate system is not really stable as the CO2 emissions are increasing, thus an increased amount of greenhouse gases. Greenhouse gases keep the earth warm, therefore the water in the oceans will evaporate due to the heat. Because there are more greenhouse gases, the earth will be warmer, hence there will be more cloud cover. The increased cloud cover will result in the increased amount of radiation reflecting off the clouds to the ground. In a way, the cloud cover traps the radiation and heat as well. Due to the increase in heat, our global climate system is not stable. If the climate continues on this trend to get warmer, our system will soon reach a tipping point where the system is unable to function properly due to the imbalance of negative and positive feedback. \LVAL& Z HHtzYes it can. Weather can be predicted using synoptic charts and sattelite images. By studying weather systems present in the atmosphere, people can predict how the weather systems are going to move across the land and what type of wether they will bring.Weather and climate are different. The weather is the current state of the atmosphere in a paticular place at a paticular time. The climate is the general weather of a place over a prolonged period of time. The carbon cycle is the cycle in which carbon is released into the atmosphere by the oceans, people and othe living animals, and stored again in the earth.The current global climate system is not stable, because if we continue to live exactly the way we are without changing a thing, the climate of the whole world will rise, perhaps only by one or two degrees but this rise in temperature can do a lot of harm.Dynamic equilibrium in our climate systems is what is used to describe the equilibrium between things in cycles in the world. If one thing increases, another will react in some way to this increase.Feedback in climate systems is how we describe what happens when something in the climate system has changed. For example, the feedback of the water effect being higher is the temperature rising.Climate cannot be entirely predicted, however we know a few things that contribute to our knowledge of climate change. We do not know definitely what the climate will be like in 50 years time, however we predict that due to human actions combined with the natural events and cycles of the earth, our earth will be warmer, if we continue living the way we do.Weather can be predicted, but only a few days beforehand and these predictions are not always accurate, as the weather has quite unpredictable patterns. Weather cannot be predicted more than a couple of days beforehand. Predictions of the weather made on the news are not always right; they are almost just an estimate of what we should expect in the next few days.LVAL6  XNAn example of an emergent property of a climate system is...The Carbon cycle is the route which carbon takes through the different components of the system, sort of like the rain cycle. The carbon most probably starts in the air and can either get absorbed by the oceans or trees. The tree emit oxygen which is, in turn, used by animals who then exhale carbon dioxide and therefore releasing it back into the air and starting the whole cycle again. Greenhouse gases are gases that are the Earth's atmosphere. These gases include water vapour, carbon dioxide and methane. these gases have the ability to absorb heat from te sun and to stop them from escaping from the Earth's atmosphere. When the sun's rays come through our atmosphere, they hit the ground and then rebound off the ground. Without greenhouse gases all the heat that came from the sun would escape from the Earth's atmosphere leaving Earth at a cold temperature of -14/-15 degrees.With the help of greenhouse gases, less heat can escape from the Earth because these gases can absorb the heat.Yes, maybe. Thius is because even though some climate systems change and impact the temperature, the global climate system always manages to restabalise itselfand reach a dynamic equilibrium. I don't know. As I said, i missed some lessons.The temperature. When some climate pattern changes, the temperature is generally affected. The temperature may rise or fall due to the sudden change, but will eventually re-stabalise itself, and stop incresing/decreasing. When it reaches that point, it is called a dynamic equilibrium. Some examples of feedback include water and carbon. These are feedbacks because they are continuously in a cycle on the earth, releasing into the atmosphere and coming back. I don't think that climate can be predicted. This i sbecause climate is generally figured out by taking into account data collected over many years and averaging out the information. $$6 \  ; _ q  *Pv :Tz 3Y$WD@00000043climate_knowledge_7x@posttest01`L@ $WD@00000043climate_knowledge_6@ posttest01`L@ $WD@00000043climate_knowledge_5@ posttest01`L@ $WD@00000043climate_knowledge_4R@ posttest01`L@ $WD@00000043climate_knowledge_3\@posttest01`L@ $WD@00000043climate_knowledge_2@posttest01`L@ $WD@00000043climate_knowledge_1@posttest01`L@ =UD@00000044problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N =UD@00000044problem_solving_3posttest02\H< =UD@00000044problem_solving_2@posttest02\H< =UD@00000044problem_solving_1@posttest02\H< lTD@00000104climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R lTD@00000104climate_knowledge_106@posttest01bNB lTD@00000104climate_knowledge_9 im not sureposttest01mY@ lTD@00000104climate_knowledge_8^@posttest01`L@ lTD@00000104climate_knowledge_7@posttest01`L@ lTD@00000104climate_knowledge_6\@posttest01`L@ lTD@00000104climate_knowledge_5@ posttest01`L@ lTD@00000104climate_knowledge_4d@ posttest01`L@ lTD@00000104climate_knowledge_3@ posttest01`L@ lTD@00000104climate_knowledge_2@posttest01`L@ lTD@00000104climate_knowledge_1@posttest01`L@ &PD@00000048climate_knowledge_confidence1posttest01t`R &PD@00000048climate_knowledge_10j@posttest01bNB &PD@00000048climate_knowledge_9@posttest01`L@ &PD@00000048climate_knowledge_8x@posttest01`L@ &PD@00000048climate_knowledge_7@@posttest01`L@ &PD@00000048climate_knowledge_6"@posttest01`L@ &PD@00000048climate_knowledge_5V@posttest01`L@ &PD@00000048climate_knowledge_4@posttest01`L@ &PD@00000048climate_knowledge_3R@posttest01`L@ &PD@00000048climate_knowledge_2 @posttest01`L@ &PD@00000048climate_knowledge_1@posttest01`L@ (\OD@00000053climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R (\OD@00000053climate_knowledge_10@posttest01bNB (\OD@00000053climate_knowledge_9^@posttest01`L@ LVAL  ^DBTL&Climate cannot be predicted because climate is just the average temperature throughout the year ?yes, weather can be predicted by using satellites.they are different. weather is the day to day temperature (i.e. rain) whereas climate is the avergae temperature during the year. a carbon cycle is when carbon dioxide becomes a part of the environment. it is important because we need carbon to liveGreenhouse gases are important as they absorb infared light and without it the carbon cyce is not complete. (i.e. carbon dioxide)No. In a natural sytem where fossil fuels werent burning, there would be a dynamic equilibrium. But because of the industrial revolution and the introduction to fossil fuels that emit a lot of carbon into the air, there is a much larger output of carbon dioxide than the carbon dioxide that is being absobed. A tragedy of the commons is a common tragedy that commonly happens in tragic situations.A dynamic equilibrium is a system where everything is balanced but yet everything is changing. For example, the level of carbon dioxide is always changing but is stable at the same time because there is some sort of output/input that counter reacts the change in levels of carbon dioxide.An example of feedback is carbon dioxide. When carbon dioxide is released into the atmosphere it is able to comeback to the source of the carbon?Yes. Climate is more stable and if there is enough data and information from the past, we can see a pattern beginning to form and therefore can predict where it will head.No. Weather cannot be predicted because weather is unpredictable. The weather is a dynamic equillibrium meaning that it is always changing. It is almost impossible to predict where the weather is heading.No. Weather refers to a short term occurance such as a storm or a heatwave. Climat more generally refers to temperature in the long term and climate can include weather.LVAL > ,6(DNo, it is not stable, as due to climate warming. Albedo feedback where levels of ice covered the earth are differientated. Another example would be water feedback.Climate can be predicted moreso than weather because it rarely changes less than weather does.Weather can be only predicted a week before and even then it is not very accurate. With today's technology, it has become more accurate. Weather is a very fickle thing. Weather and climate are different, However weather is dependant on climate. If a certain place's climate was humid, you would expect lots of rain. Climate is the one that determines what kind of plants grow or what kind of weather, or average temperature. What kind of weather would this climate cause.The carbon cycle is the cycle where the carbon dioxide travels from animals, into the air and ocean, to trees, which then converts to oxygen, which lving beings breathe in. And thus the cycle begins again.Greenhouse gases are gases that trap some of the heat, that the earth reflects from the sun. These gases are needed as without them, the world would not have different climates or be able to sustain life due to the immense cold.Other rules or strategies that the robots should follow in order to most effectively and efficiently find all of the gold on the planet is being given seperate areas of the planet to look for gold. This will allow them to find more gold time efficiently. This is possible. The reason being, even a little change in movement in the air currents will effect in a change in weather somewhere else.right now i think it is stable but in the future it will not be becuase there will be too much uv radiation and carbon dioxide. but right now it is stable.im not sure but i think its things that emerge?when you change one facotr in a model and that affects everything else (i.e. the density of the trees affect the spread of the fire)im not 100% sure but i think feedback is when 2LVALD & LClimate can be predicted in the sense that a change in climate can take a long period of time. The climate of the deserts of Australia, for example, is dry and arid. However if we as humans participated in an activity that would change the climate of the deserts of Australia and would result in a large amount of rain falling over the deserts, that rain and the huge change in climate could be predictable to a degree. Weather can be predicted to a degree - It is impossible to know the weather in 10 yeas but the weather for the next couple of days can be predicted through weather balloons and satellite imagery. However the predictions are not always accurate, even if we use the most sophisticated equipment. Weather and Climate are two different things. The weather is what we, as humans, experience daily such as rain, sunshine, wind etc. The weather changes daily and is predictable to a degree - however we can do nothing to change the weather. Climate is the term given to the general long-term weather of a particular place. Climates can be something like arid, humid, tropical etc. Climates can change slowly over a long period of time and the actions we do such as burning fossil fuel can have an effect on the climate, such as making it warmer. The carbon cycle is the cycle of Carbon Dioxide travelling between the atmostphere and the ocean through variations in the temperature of the atmosphere. The carbon cycle is important as it helps the carbon of the air and ocean continously move and keep the cycle going. Greenhouse gases are Co2 gases in the atmostphere and the ocean. They are important as they act as an insulating blanket around the Earth to help keep the Earth warm. Without greenhouse gases our Earth would be several degrees cooler and therefore many things would not be able to survive. An example of dynamic equililbrium would be the carbon in the atmosphere and the ocean along with the moisture, with the cloud cover When one things changes, the others attempt to keep up.^#&6 \  ; @ P ~+Qw 0Tf^D@00000060climate_knowledge_5@posttest01`L@ ^D@00000060climate_knowledge_4@posttest01`L@ ^D@00000060climate_knowledge_3@posttest01`L@ ^D@00000060climate_knowledge_2@posttest01`L@ ^D@00000060climate_knowledge_1@posttest01`L@ ]D@00000033climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R ]D@00000033climate_knowledge_10@posttest01bNB ]D@00000033climate_knowledge_9@posttest01`L@ ]D@00000033climate_knowledge_8@posttest01`L@ ]D@00000033climate_knowledge_7@posttest01`L@ ]D@00000033climate_knowledge_64@posttest01`L@ ]D@00000033climate_knowledge_5.@posttest01`L@ ]D@00000033climate_knowledge_4@posttest01`L@ ]D@00000033climate_knowledge_3^@posttest01`L@ ]D@00000033climate_knowledge_2l@posttest01`L@ ]D@00000033climate_knowledge_1F@posttest01`L@ jYD@00000102problem_solving_confidence1posttest02p\N jYD@00000102problem_solving_3@posttest02\H< jYD@00000102problem_solving_2@posttest02\H< jYD@00000102problem_solving_1@posttest02\H< YD@00000051climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R YD@00000051climate_knowledge_104@posttest01bNB YD@00000051climate_knowledge_9!Tragedy of the commons is when posttest01m@ YD@00000051climate_knowledge_8(@posttest01`L@ YD@00000051climate_knowledge_7@posttest01`L@ YD@00000051climate_knowledge_6@posttest01`L@ YD@00000051climate_knowledge_5H@posttest01`L@ YD@00000051climate_knowledge_4L@posttest01`L@ YD@00000051climate_knowledge_3F@posttest01`L@ YD@00000051climate_knowledge_2@posttest01`L@ YD@00000051climate_knowledge_1D@posttest01`L@ $WD@00000043climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R $WD@00000043climate_knowledge_10b@ posttest01bNB $WD@00000043climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ $WD@00000043climate_knowledge_8posttest01`L@ LVAL>R * fEmergent properties are trends or things that emerge out of normal trends. They are the anomaly. Some examples include We should decrease our fossil fuel usage and greenhouse gas emissions. These two things play an important factor in our climate. By reducing this, we are able to sustain our global climate for a longer time.The robots should learn to track their steps. Because, it will allow them to find the gold more effectively and efficiently. For example; if a robot ends up spinning in circles around the same area, it is not very efficient.No. Because the effect of a butterfly flapping its wings in Brazil hardly has any effect to the people in Brazil, let alone create a snowstorm or duststorm in Brazil. So, how would it be possible for a creature that small, which only leaves the effect of a small cool breeze on someone's cheek, help cause a snowstorm in Alaska?The current global climate system is not stable as it is not in an dynamic equilibrium. Variables such as the burnng of fossil fuel has releasesd much more carbon into the atmostphere then there is in the oceans which therefore has trapped more heat in the earth then ever before. Emergent properties describes properties in climate systems that are emerged,rather than taken in. An example of emergent properties would be carbon dioxide, which is emerged from the ocean, instead of the sunlight that hits the ocean and bounces back. A dynamic equilibrium is a perfect system where everything is equal. In accordance to climate systems, a dynamic equilibrium describes a situation where the amount of carbon in the atmostphere and the amount of carbon in the oceans are the same. Feedback is when something is taken in and comes out as another substance. An example of feedback in climate system is when the light from the sun hits the earth which rebounds from the carbon dioxide and turns into UV rays. LLVAL N pB|jWhen there is a tipping point - when the amount of something on Earth reaches a certain point that it just 'tips' over. For example, the Some examples of dynamic equilibrium in climate systems are the carbon cycle, the oxygen cycle and water cycle. Despite everything moving around and changing into different forms as they are recycled on Earth, the amount of everything remains the same. There is no more or less. The albedo reflects some of the sun's heat. Some carbon is released by burning fossil fuels. The sun's radiation is an imput into the Earth and it is also released through the Earth's atmosphere. Yes, climate can be predicted. By creating models that represent patterns with the lements in the atmosphere on Earth and examining old data, trends and relationships and be drawn. We can use this information to predict how the climate is likely to change in the upcoming future.Yes, weather can be predicted by using special technological equipment to measure factors like the amount of humidity in the atmosphere, wind pressure and wind speed. However, the weather forecast is never 100% guaranteed to be accurate, because the Earth's weather is constantly changing and is in a way unpredictable. Weather and climate are different. Weather is the short-term variation in the temperature while climate is the more general and is the long-term variation in the temperature. The amount of carbon in the atmosphere is constant. It is constantly changing into different forms. It can exist as carbon molecules in the atmosphere, as carbon beneath the Earth, as carbon in the ocean, as carbon in animals and more. It is important because it keeps the temperature of the earth constant.Greenhouse gases are essential. They are so important because without them trapping the heat from the sun with the layer of gases, life on Earth would not be possible. Some of the heat from the sun is trapped by the Earth's atmosphere and maintain temperatures that are able to sustain life.TLVAL x ^rEmergent properties in climate systems can be the sudden difference in temperature due to the change of one aspect of the model. It is the emerging result due to the a domino effect caused by the consequence of changing one variable in the model.One example fo dynamic equilibrium is the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. The release of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is kept at a generally even level because animals and humans release carbon dioxide which is then abosrbed by the plants to produce oxygen and sugar. There is however an up and down pattern because plants do not absorb carbon dioxide in winter when their leaves fall off so although the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is fairly balanced, it is dynamic.Climate can be predicted because it determined by what the temperature and weather is like for a long period of time and is an area's overall weather. It is a general estimation and is therefore more likely to be accurate.Weather can be predicted by professional meterologists, but even then, the predictions won't always be accurate.This is because weather is determined due to a number of factors and a subtle change can alter the weather completely.Weather and climate are different. Weather is the day to day occurrence of natural phenomenon whereas climate is the long term observation of an areas temperature and weather and determining what that area is like at a particular time.The carbon cycle is cycle that carbon molecules go through. This is important because humans can then understand the amount of carbon being released and absorbed in the atmosphere and observe its pattern.Greenhouse gases are gases released into the atmosphere and covers the Earth like a blanket and creates a greenhouse effect by preventing the heat from escaping. They are important because they keep the Earth warm and makes it habitable for humans live on.Yes, it is relatively stable. Changes are not sudden and immediate. Temperature and climate gradually changes over time.#t- = c  B h x 1W}wLfrqD@00000104problem_solving_3"i dont understand this question.posttest02~j< qD@00000104problem_solving_2@posttest02\H< qD@00000104problem_solving_1@posttest02\H< ;L]nD@00000037problem_solving_confidence1posttest02p\N ;L]nD@00000037problem_solving_3@posttest02\H< ;L]nD@00000037problem_solving_2@posttest02\H< ;L]nD@*-problem_solving_1F@posttest02P<0 |jD@00000055climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R |jD@00000055climate_knowledge_10,@posttest01bNB |jD@00000055climate_knowledge_9sorry, I'm not sure.posttest01vb@ |jD@00000055climate_knowledge_8sorry, I don't know.posttest01vb@ |jD@00000055climate_knowledge_7@posttest01`L@ |jD@00000055climate_knowledge_6@posttest01`L@ |jD@00000055climate_knowledge_5@posttest01`L@ |jD@00000055climate_knowledge_4>@posttest01`L@ |jD@00000055climate_knowledge_3@posttest01`L@ |jD@00000055climate_knowledge_2@posttest01`L@ |jD@00000055climate_knowledge_1@posttest01`L@ Q_D@00000047climate_knowledge_confidence1posttest01t`R Q_D@00000047climate_knowledge_10F@posttest01bNB Q_D@00000047climate_knowledge_9@posttest01`L@ Q_D@00000047climate_knowledge_8L@posttest01`L@ Q_D@00000047climate_knowledge_7@posttest01`L@ Q_D@00000047climate_knowledge_6H@posttest01`L@ Q_D@00000047climate_knowledge_58@posttest01`L@ Q_D@00000047climate_knowledge_4@posttest01`L@ Q_D@00000047climate_knowledge_3@posttest01`L@ Q_D@00000047climate_knowledge_2b@posttest01`L@ Q_D@00000047climate_knowledge_1@posttest01`L@ ^D@00000060climate_knowledge_confidence3posttest01t`R ^D@00000060climate_knowledge_10f@posttest01bNB ^D@00000060climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ ^D@00000060climate_knowledge_8@posttest01`L@ ^D@00000060climate_knowledge_7@posttest01`L@ ^D@00000060climate_knowledge_6Examples of feedback include posttest01k@ 8LVAL RClimate can be predicted, to some extent, just like the weather. Because the climate looks at the weather conditions of a particular place over the long term, that can be taken into account and we can find patterns are specific types of weather that is likely to occur at that place. Weather can be predicted, to some extent. The use of satellites in our skies monitor the weather conditions, but they can only be predicted until the next week. Although they are not always 100% accurate, they do give some idea of what type of weather will come about. Weather and climate are different. Weather is the type of condition that a place will have, for example, sunshine and clouds. However, climate is the type of condition that a place will have over a longer period of time. This regards what the short and long term effects will be, and climate is also used to help predict the type of weather that will occur in the future. The carbon cycle is the cycle in which carbon dioxide goes through. This is important, as it is believed that carbon dioxide is leading to climate change. Additionally, because us humans excrete carbon dioxide through a chemical reaction, it is important to understand what the effects of our doings are. Greenhouse gases are gases that are trapped under the blanket-like atmosphere. Greenhouse gases are important because they make the conditions on the Earth hotter, and these differences can lead to climate change. The current global system is not stable because the amount of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere has increased significantly due to the burning of fossil fuel.Plants are unable to absorb this excessive amount of carbon dioxide so more carbon dioxide is in the atmospher adding to the amount of greenhouse gas. The Earth is warming up and therefore, the oceans are starting to get warmer. This causes more evaporation in the atmosphere and therefore more water vapour is in the atmosphere yet agin adding to the amount of greenhouse gas in the atmosphere.8LVAL " 8 "VXWeather can be predicted by sending up weather balloons with a sensor that sends imformation about the atmosphere to a computer and from there it is recorded. Weather and climnate are different. Weather is the temperature predicted of short term and climate is the temperature predicted of long term. Although weather and climate is different, climate is effected and by the weather.The carbon is the cycle in which air and carbon moves in a clockwise direction. The air and carbon starts of cool ,gets warmer which makes them rise as warm air rises and then it is cooled down and the process is repeated. This is important because it regulates the earths temperature, not leaving the air and carbon in the air not too hot nor not too cold. Greenhouse gases are gases that help trap the heat in the atmosphere. This is important because it keeps the temperature at a steady rate, not too hot nor not too cold. It also makes earth inhabitable, a place where humans cn live. The current global climate system is not stable, as everything is changing. Although we can argue that the global climate system has been changing since the start of time, science is always discovering new and amazing facts about the climate. It is important to monitor these changes and be aware of what may happen in the world around us, because a suttle difference in the nature can alter greatly in our lifestyles. An example of 'tragedy of the commons' in climate systems includes the oxygen. Examples of emergent properties in climate systems includes the wind. The wind is an example of an emergent property, because it can cause differences within nature. An example of dynamic equilibrium in climate systems includes the relationship in the carbon cycle. Carbon dioxide is taken in, but it is also returned naturally. This shows an equal balance in nature. Some examples of feedback in climate systems include the carbon cycle. Feedback is when something from nature is taken in, then taken back out in a different form. LVAL Zh ZHthat once a robot finds gold, it calls the other robots to come and get all the gold there (like the ants) robot teams go in different directions and call the rest of their team once something is found. they have different sectors to find gold in (one team in one part of the planet and another team in another part of the plane tand so on) yes it is possible because one small thing can have big effects later on. i think this is known as the butterfly effect. recommendations for a climate policy are to limit carbon emmissions and fossil fuel burning. Also, it should be encouraged to use alternative sources of energy such as wind energy, geothermal energy, etc. The robots should collect data that help determine which area would most probably have gold. that way, they are efficient when searching for gold. robots should only have a short distance between each other so that they can effectively communicate with each other. a butterfly flapping its wings cannot cause a snowstorm in alaska. due to the vast distance between the two countries, the force the butterfly exerts on the air by flapping its wings will have dissipate before it reaches alaska. for example, if you drop a pebble into a pond, it will cause ripples but these ripples will gradually decrease in size as it travels further away from the spot where the pebble was dropped. The current global climate system is stable because the temperature is not decreasing or increasing dynamically. Though as years pass, the current global climate system won't be as stable as it is now as right now it is changing bit by bit and by then it will be changed a lot. sorry, I don't know. I learnt about it whilst doing the activity but I forgot.Examples of feedback in climate systems are carbon and the sun's ray, because these things cause other things to change. Climate can be predicted, though I don't know how. I think it is through a machine.O%H b  9 _  >N7} f 9g D@00000046climate_knowledge_2posttest01`L@  D@00000046climate_knowledge_1posttest01`L@ )D@00000033problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N )D@/problem_solving_3posttest02N:. )D@00000033problem_solving_2@posttest02\H< )D@00000033problem_solving_1@posttest02\H< 2_7zD@climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01dPB 2_7zD@climate_knowledge_10@posttest01R>2 2_7zD@climate_knowledge_9posttest01P<0 2_7zD@climate_knowledge_8@posttest01P<0 2_7zD@climate_knowledge_7posttest01P<0 2_7zD@climate_knowledge_6@posttest01P<0 2_7zD@climate_knowledge_5@posttest01P<0 2_7zD@climate_knowledge_4\@posttest01P<0 2_7zD@climate_knowledge_3D@posttest01P<0 2_7zD@climate_knowledge_2@posttest01P<0 2_7zD@climate_knowledge_1@posttest01P<0 2_7zD@00000042climate_knowledge_confidence1posttest01t`R 2_7zD@00000042climate_knowledge_10@posttest01bNB 2_7zD@00000042climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ 2_7zD@00000042climate_knowledge_8@posttest01`L@ 2_7zD@00000042climate_knowledge_7z@posttest01`L@ 2_7zD@00000042climate_knowledge_6@posttest01`L@ 2_7zD@00000042climate_knowledge_5H@posttest01`L@ 2_7zD@00000042climate_knowledge_4@posttest01`L@ 2_7zD@00000042climate_knowledge_3@posttest01`L@ 2_7zD@00000042climate_knowledge_2@posttest01`L@ 2_7zD@00000042climate_knowledge_1@posttest01`L@ ~yD@00000049problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N ~yD@00000049problem_solving_3@posttest02\H< ~yD@00000049problem_solving_2@posttest02\H< ~yD@00000049problem_solving_1@posttest02\H< 333sD@00000045problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N 333sD@00000045problem_solving_3@posttest02\H< 333sD@00000045problem_solving_2T@posttest02\H< 333sD@00000045problem_solving_1*@posttest02\H< qD@00000104problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N LVAL - Stick together as a group so that the robots don't lose signal - There are perhaps no wise enough recommendations to make to a United Nations committee, for the easiest answe will be to stop using, or more so to use less fossil fuel. But with the current ways of life it is almost impossible to suddently reduce, or stop using fossil fuel. It will affect our quality of life significantly, and although our future generations may be affected at a larger scale, without us, future generations will not even exist. Therefore, I conclude that because the simplest recommendations will come with a positive however with a larger negative, there are no suggestions that will suit to our society today.In order for these robots to effectively and efficiently bring gold back to earth, they would also need to limit the amount of gold they carry-because gold is heavy, once it comes back to the earth where there is gravity, it could potentially perform an unsafe landing, causing destruction and damage of some sort. Another obvious rule they will have to follow is to only spread out to the distance they are able to communicate over, and also perhaps the information that these robots obtain should be reported back to the spaceship itself, not directly to earth for with each reporting directly back to earth, they could potentially disrupt each other and it is less efficient for those on earth to receive thousands of pieces of separate information. Also, because many machines use gold as well, these robots will need to have sensors that only detect the gold on the planet-it would be chaos if they started to detect each other. I believe that snow storms cannot be caused solely, or more so directly by he butterfly flapping its wings. However changes in the atmospheric conditions may be displayed through the butterfly flapping its wings, and due to those changes, a snowstorm could be caused in Alaska.<LVALt ,zj"ZFeedback is when an input alters the way an output works. A few ecamples of feedback in climate systems are water feedback and the albedo feedback. Water feedback is when the water effect is altered in a way so that the temperature is changed and albedo feedback is when the ice on the surface of the water is changed in response to the global temperature.Climate can be predicted to a certain extent as well but unlike the weather, the climate needs to be predicted through previous records and the fluctuation of data.Weather can be predicted to a certain extent, as it is a response to the climate. It can be roughly estimated using modern technologies.Weather and climate are different, because weather is a response to climate. Climate generally refers to the global temperature and such which is continuously changing, however weather is seen to be a temporary event.The carbon cycle is based on how the climate system is a closed system. Although the carbon cannot escape, it has the ability to move around everywhere within the Earth's atmosphere and even hydrosphere.Greenhouse gases are consisted of various gases, one of which is carbon dioxide. Greenhouse gases keep the Earth warm by trapping the heat emitted by the Sun's radiation. Without it, Earth would be too cold for many living things to survive. However, because of greenhouse gases, the Earth's average temeperature becomes approximately 21-23 degrees celcius, which is suitable for life. - There should be a limit on the amount of Carbon released into the Earth's atmosphere for each country. - A sufficient amount of trees should be placed in each country to keep the system to a dynamic equlibriuThis is not possible. One butterfly flapping its wings can only jiggle the air to a certain extent but this is not to a greater scale where this air can move to Alaska and create a snowstorm. The scale of a butterfly flapping its wings and jiggling the air is much smaller to the scale of a snow storm developing in Alaska. LVAL The carbon cycle is when carbon goes through the different stages of earth. it goes in the cycle where we produce carbon, which then circulates the earth, some of them going into the sea, over a long period of time carbon is compressed and thus this becomes fossil fuels. we humans dig up these fossil fuels becasue it is one of the many important resources we use. The carbon cycle is extremely important becuase if there is too much carbon in the air, earth will become inhabitable.On layer of green house gases are covering our earth, green houses gases are made up of various elements one of them being Carbon dioxide. Recently with the increase of industrialisation, humans have started to seek for energy resources such as coal and fossil fuels. Not only are we damaging the habitat by seeking these resources the burning of these fuels have increased the rate of Carbon being released into the air. Due to this Greenhouse gases have been increasing. Green house gases are what keeps our earth warm and at a constant temperature, it traps in warm air and regulates the earth's temperature making it not to hot or not to cold. With the increase of Green house gases it seems that the temperature on earth has increased.It is not stable as temperatures and other aspects of climate systems continue to fluctuate endlessly and will continue to do so in the future.Emergent properties occur when one aspect of climate systems are changed, which in turn causes a difference on another aspect of climate systems, in parallel to how the first aspect has been changed. One example is when carbon dioxide is being emitted, causing dust particles to be heated up and rise. This in turn causes the dust particle to be further away from the source of the heat, causing it to cool down and fall. Once it has fallen, it receives heat again and rises up, creating a cycle.One example of dynamic equilibrium is the movement of carbon.LVAL ` .Yes, although this sounds ludicrous, it is possible. The butterfly flapping its wings can cause a slight change in the wind speed, causing a slightly bigger wind and then eventually a snowstorm forms.The current global system is not stable, the amount of carbon that we are releasing into the air is adding to the greenhouse affect, thus making our earth a few degrees warmer, scientists are finding parts of antarctica melting and people have become concerned, we have reliased that our witners are shorter and flora and fauna are reacting to these change in a negative way.Some emergent properties are the carbin in the air and dust particles, they emerge together to form a new factor Some example are postitive feedback and negative feedback, some negative feedback in the climate is the amount of carbon beign released into the air, some positive feedback is the temperature in the air as the albedo affect heats the earth.Climate can be predicted, with such as slow change that it makes, climates tend to be easier to predict becasue scientists are able to see the small changes rather easily and make assumptions. Weather can be predicted, it is said that weather is a history book and is repeated constantly, meteorologist predict the weather by comparing the results to past weather, they predict the weather by doing so. Modern technology such as weather balloons have helped meteorolgists to predict the weather.Weather an climate are two different things, climate varies over the earth. Countries that are nearier to the equator have a hot climate, whereas countries nearier to the pole have colder climates. climate is something that changes over a large expanse of time, flora and fauna grow in climates and adapt to this. Weather is something that changes regularly, the weather may change over night and the weather contributes to the change of climate. if weather is constantly hot and humid over a long period of time, the climate may change slightly.LVAL N F  ^TSome examples of feedback in systems include the more the carbon in the air with more pressure even its out??Yes it is stable if we didnt omit any extra gases but even if we do the gases can still predict the system.tragedy of the commons are the things that are so common that they are tragic. emergent properties are properties where they are emergent.A dynmaic equilibrium is an equilibrium where everything has to be equal. I think a feedback in climate system would be the carbon cycle as they give feedback. Weather and climate are not the same. Climate is the physical environment where as weather is the pattern of temperature. -Sustainable use of carbon -Grow more trees to controll the amount of carbon in the atmosphereFossil fuel use should be minimised as it has a great impact on global temperatures. This leads to the dying out of plants and animals. I think the procedures outlined are clever. However, to improve effectiveness and efficiency, each robot could be pre-programmed to take a certain path. This way, no piece of land is searched twice. Or, the robots could move in a straight line, like a police search, so that they pass over as much land as possible.I don't think it is possible that a butterfly flapping is wings in Brazil can help cause a snowstorm in Alaska. Firstly, the air movement caused by the butterfly is very small and very weak. Secondly, I don't think that the air movement could travel to Alaska.The robots should only cover a certain part of the planet at a time. They should spread out evenly - the maximum distance that they can stil communicate with at least one other robot. The robots should be able to pass messages to each other one by one at a time, via other robots. Once this maximum area is all searched and covered, the robots then spread out in the some way and cover another area of the planet. They should do this until the entire planet is covered..$&L r  - [ u & Lr+Qa&@niD@00000096climate_knowledge_1@posttest01`L@ RD@00000048problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N RD@00000048problem_solving_3T@posttest02\H< RD@00000048problem_solving_2 @posttest02\H< RD@00000048problem_solving_1$@posttest02\H< D@00000052problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N D@00000052problem_solving_3@posttest02\H< D@00000052problem_solving_2>@posttest02\H< D@00000052problem_solving_1@posttest02\H< D@00000103climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R D@00000103climate_knowledge_10@ posttest01bNB D@00000103climate_knowledge_9@ posttest01`L@ D@00000103climate_knowledge_8v@posttest01`L@ D@00000103climate_knowledge_7@posttest01`L@ D@00000103climate_knowledge_6@posttest01`L@ D@00000103climate_knowledge_5@posttest01`L@ D@00000103climate_knowledge_4@posttest01`L@ D@00000103climate_knowledge_3@posttest01`L@ D@00000103climate_knowledge_2@posttest01`L@ D@00000103climate_knowledge_1@posttest01`L@ WD@00000032problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N WD@00000032problem_solving_3@posttest02\H< WD@00000032problem_solving_2@posttest02\H< WD@00000032problem_solving_1@posttest02\H< ͶD@00000050problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N ͶD@00000050problem_solving_3@posttest02\H< ͶD@00000050problem_solving_2v@posttest02\H< ͶD@00000050problem_solving_1@posttest02\H<  D@00000046climate_knowledge_10posttest01bNB  D@00000046climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@  D@00000046climate_knowledge_8posttest01`L@  D@00000046climate_knowledge_7posttest01`L@  D@00000046climate_knowledge_6posttest01`L@  D@00000046climate_knowledge_5posttest01`L@  D@00000046climate_knowledge_4posttest01`L@  D@00000046climate_knowledge_3posttest01`L@ xLVAL( z~Yes because a small burst of wind can be carried along a chain of reactions that eventually reach Alaska and thereby help in forming a snow storm.The carbon cycle is a cycle of lows and highs but they are in a cycle. They vary from season to season because of different temperatures and the environment. It is important because we can use this to predict future temperature. Green house gases are important because they warm up to world. If we didn't have green house gases, then the earth would be extremely cold. Greenhouse gases come from things such as plants when they release carbon dioxide. An example of this would be when green houses, where the plants are in a glass house. The plants heat up the house. Green houses gases could be carbon dioxide? Due to the disruption in long range communication, it would be more effective for the robots to stay in a certain area and extract the gold there, then move on to another area. When they move to another area, let it be programed that they only travel a certain amount of distance, this will ensure that the communication will not be lost.It has been said that a butterfly flapping its wings in Brazil can jiggle the air and thus can help cause a snowstorm in Alaska. However, is it true? Is it possible. My opinion on this is that it is not true and is not possible. Wind and storms are not caused by butterflies or animals, it is caused by the changes in temperature in the air. Warm air meeting cool air will cause the warm air to rise above the cool air due to the differing density. This creates movements in the air. Therefore, it is not possible for a mere butterfly to create movements in the air. Alaska is locates towards the top of America whereas Brazil is at the bottom. Both places are very far apart. It is impossible for a mere butterfly to generate so much force that the force could reach Alaska from all the way in Brazil. In conclusion, I believe that the statement above is not true. LVALT 8We should prevent the use of fossil fuels and we should plant more trees. We should prevent the use of transport. We should get rid air conditioning. Maybe technology isn't the actual causes of these things, so I guess there is nothing we can do until we are absolutely sure about a cause. If we could just keep researching and watching for changes, and recording the changes in the climate, we will be able to make a decision on a cause, if there is any, and therefore will be able to sort the problem out.The robots should spread out over the planet in a pattern so that every robot can atleast contact ten robots. They should be set onto equal sized areas and search for gold only in that area. If they are spread out evenly enough, the robots should at least be able to contact one robot, which could contact another, in a domino-like effect. Therefore, all of them will be able to contact each other, just indirectly.I don't think that a butterfly flapping its wings in Brazil can jiggle the air and help cause a snowstorm in Alaska. I think this as the air pressure created by the flapping butterfly will not be strong enough to move and create something so large, such as a snowstorm in Alaska. Even if the pressure were to build up, the air could and possibly would go down to the South rather than up to Alaska.Climate can be predicted by long term analysis. For example if the temperature was going up, then we cansee the long term effects of the earths climate. we can predict how temperatures will effect the earth's climate. We can predict climate with carbon dioxide levels in the earth's waters, or by the amount of carbon diocide that we are releasing.Weather can be predicted. Because of weather maps and stations where they record the temperature they can see moving clouds or any other change and predict if it will be windy/hot/calm. Although the weather cannot be foreseen within a 7 day period. LVALr&I officially do not understnad that concpet. Some emergent properties of climate properties include the Greenhouse gases are gases in the atmosphere including water vapour that helps keep the heat within Earth's atmosphere from leaking out to space. They are important as if there is no greehouse gases the Earth would be freezing cold with no specific patterns in climate (the water cycle) and Earth would be uninhabitable. I didnt really learn anything with the models and it pretty much just confused me and therefore i find it impossible to answer most of these questions including this one.There should be some checks on whether the sudden appearance of several thousands of robots will disrupt the planet's climate, ecosystem and inhabitants. There should also be a check on whether removing all the gold on this planet will somehow destroy it. The robots and the spaceship will probably run on some sort of fuel. This fuel will mostly likely be fossil fuels. The emmissions of the fossil fuel can damage the planet's climate system like fossil fuels are currently doing to out climate system. A strategy to avoid emmiting carbon dioxide into the atmosphere of the planet is to use the sun. If frequent solare flares are enough to disrupt communication signals then the sun should be powerful enough to power several thousands of robots and a shapeship. Other precautions should be taken such as whether there is any extra terrestrial activity taking place and if so, is the activity of the robots disrupting the creatures that live on the planet. Hoenstly i dont think this question is very well thought out because its not very practicial for a company to send thousands of robots in to space just find gold. Once the gold was found and brought back to Earth it would severely lower the price and value of gold making it invaluable and ending up in a massive loss for the company due to consrtuction of the robots and othere expenses.PLVAL rl^nlThe current global climate is not stable as the temperatures are rising dramatically.The rising of the temperature of the earth indicates that the polar caps will melt. The polar caps contains large stores of perafrost which embeds the fossils of the past prehistoric animals which lived in the polar caps. When this is released large amounts of greehouse gases are released which in turn heats up and melt even more permafrost. Many animals will be affected by the chnging of the temperature causing extinction.The tragedy of the commons include the affect of one particular factor which ruins the rest. Ifr one pollutes the atmosphere and the other who have not contaminated the air which is a shared common. This is was is called the tragedy of the commons.Some examples of the dynamic equilibrium include the balance of the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere in caomparison with the c-oceans. Climate can be predicted from the graphs of the rainfall, amount of sunshne., etc averaged to find the pattern as to what happened.Weather can be predicted but not entirely predicted. Weater balloon may be set off at a place which will track the incoming weather However things may cange drastically in the weather.Weather and climate are different in the way that weather measures the occurences in the atmosphere of a specific area. Climate may describe the type of area such as sub tropical area and is pretty constant. Weather may change from day to day.The carbon cycle is the rotation of the carbon particles between the amount of dissolved particles in the c-oceans and the amount in the sky. When one produces carbon dioxide the sky is affected first increasing. When the sky increases so does the carbon particles that are dissloved in the large expanse of water. There is a set ratio of the carbon particles in the ocean to the sky. When one tracks the pathway of one carbon particle they find it travels in a cycle from either sky/ ocean to the other and back in this closed environment. $&L r  ) ; a  @d)Cq*Pv}D@00000115climate_knowledge_8@posttest01`L@ }D@00000115climate_knowledge_7Z@posttest01`L@ }D@00000115climate_knowledge_6@posttest01`L@ }D@00000115climate_knowledge_5V@posttest01`L@ }D@00000115climate_knowledge_4@posttest01`L@ }D@00000115climate_knowledge_3I still don't know. posttest01vb@ }D@00000115climate_knowledge_2@posttest01`L@ }D@00000115climate_knowledge_1*@posttest01`L@  CD@00000051problem_solving_confidence3posttest02p\N  CD@00000051problem_solving_3@posttest02\H<  CD@00000051problem_solving_2@posttest02\H<  CD@00000051problem_solving_1@posttest02\H< RD@00000034problem_solving_confidence3posttest02p\N RD@00000034problem_solving_3P@posttest02\H< RD@00000034problem_solving_2t@posttest02\H< RD@00000034problem_solving_1@posttest02\H< E#D@00000120climate_knowledge_10posttest01bNB E#D@00000120climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ E#D@00000120climate_knowledge_8posttest01`L@ E#D@00000120climate_knowledge_7posttest01`L@ E#D@00000120climate_knowledge_6posttest01`L@ E#D@00000120climate_knowledge_5posttest01`L@ E#D@00000120climate_knowledge_4posttest01`L@ E#D@00000120climate_knowledge_3posttest01`L@ E#D@00000120climate_knowledge_2posttest01`L@ E#D@00000120climate_knowledge_1posttest01`L@ iD@00000096climate_knowledge_confidence1posttest01t`R iD@00000096climate_knowledge_10@posttest01bNB iD@00000096climate_knowledge_9@posttest01`L@ iD@00000096climate_knowledge_8v@posttest01`L@ iD@00000096climate_knowledge_7@posttest01`L@ iD@00000096climate_knowledge_6@ posttest01`L@ iD@00000096climate_knowledge_5@posttest01`L@ iD@00000096climate_knowledge_4p@posttest01`L@ iD@00000096climate_knowledge_3@posttest01`L@ iD@00000096climate_knowledge_28@posttest01`L@ <LVALB ~&VEmergent properties in climate systems include convection currents of the ocean, because of their cycle.No, the current global climate is not stable at all, our comsuption rate is, wideknown as death of mankind. Emergent properties in climate systems are awrga;rjga; rjer hgq[-Less burning of fossil-fuels -Lower water-effect -Carbon-dioxide in different areas and spheres of the world kept constant and sustainable -Control deforestation -The robots should be sent to one section of the planet, and only explore within a certain radius of the spaceship that is both small enough for the robots to definitely communicate or send signals to eachother, and also a small enough radius for each robot to be able to find their way back to the spaceship. Once one section of the planet where gold is suspected to lie has been searched through, the spaceship can then move on to another section of the planet, with the same radius rules explained above. Precautions need to be made to ensure that robots will not be damaged during the course of this journey; from taking off from earth, to suffering through the air pressure, to landing, to working in that planet's atmospheric condition, running out of battery etc. Precautions need to be made to make sure that robots are kept safe at all times and have enough battery to keep them running. Also, the amount of fuel in the spaceship must be enough. Maybe it could possibly help with causing a snowstorm in alaska, but only contribute extremely minor-ly. If a person walking causes more air movement than a butterfly, and a human has never been proven to cause a snowstorm, a butterfly definitely causes less air movement and cannot do much harm. However, maybe all these things that cause air-movement (including the butterfly flapping its wings in Brazil) could combine to cause a large amount of air movement. This amount of air-movement could then possibly reach the 'tipping-point' which is the point that is just enough to cause a snowstorm in Alaska.|LVALh Because climate is long-term, scientists can use many years of knowledge and evidence of climate patterns to draw out answers. This allows them to make predictions about climate based on the evidence. Much like an experiment, the more readings, the more likely it will be for accuracy.My recommendations for climate policy would be to: -Find another source of renewable energy and strive to switch from fossil fuels to something like wind energy -Try reduce the amount of carbon we are releasing into the atmostphere The robot could be carrying a small camera mounted on its back to record its movements. When it comes back to Earth the scientests could study the videotapes and photographs to design more efficient robots to send next time that is more suited to the terrain. The robot could be equipped with something more sophisticated than just a scoop, such as a precision-cut laser to cut around the gold it sensors so the scoop does not accidently scratch or break the gold. As the robot would need to be charged regularly if it was to stay on the planet for an extended period of time so they could carry extra packs of power supplies such as batteries. However in saying that the idea of sending robots into space is not a very bright one - the robots would take a large amount of money to make and by bringing in large amounts of gold, the co-oporation would lower the value of gold on Earth. Therefore, they will end up making a loss in terms of profit and money for value. However if the robots were on the planet for scientific study as well as collectin gold then the mission would have some purpose other than profit. No. This is not possible as a butterfly jiggling its wings could not possibly create a snowstorm in Alsaska. When a butterfly 'jiggles' the air, the movement is so minute that even in the most remote possibility that the 'jiggle' was to somehow turn into strong wind, the movement could not be carried all the way across the globe. LVAL *Weather is difficult to predict on a small scale as the earth is always changing. It is not always accurate as we must draw conclusions in a short amount of time.Weather can be predicted through measuring instruments sent into the area for observation and prediction. These little data collectors relay the information anaysled to the weather station, which utilises the information received and turns that to a weather report, which we receive. Through usage of the weather by media, technology and gaily life we can 'predict' what the weather is. E.G. Apple apps on weather, news and weather reports, internet site, google and chrome. The carbon cycle is a wane and flow of the carbon levels on earth. As it is known, the majority of the land mass is in the NOrthern Hemisphere. When the trees in the Northern Hemisphere grow and use carbon, the carbon levels decrease. However, when winter and autumn arrives, the trees shed their leaves and enter hibernation, which stops them using as much of the carbon. It is during this period that the carbon levels rise, only to be suppressed one season later, in spring. This cyle repeats endlessly. Greenhouse gases are gases that reside in the Earth's atomosphere, and they impact upon global temperature eventually. Essentially these are mainly composed carbon dioxide, but also water vapour. There is a linear relationship between the amount of carbon in the air and ocean, albedo effect, and terminable energy use. It is beacuse of the impact these varied gases have, that makes them important. Our current stance on fossil fuel comsumption indicates the complete usage of this source in 90 years or so- while thousands of flora and fauna species have vansihed due to these effects. It is important that the greenhouse gases are completely halted in production, even though it will not bring back the extinct species, Earth can preserve it for the remaining species and for mankind. ~LVAL n\Weather relates to temperature, cloud formations etc. whereas climate is the (often long-term) study of weather patterns. This includes the gradual increase or decrease of temperature on earth, levels of carbon dioxide and the way it is changing.The carbon cycle is the ongoing relationship between the carbon dioxide released by living creatures, fossil fuels etc. and the carbon dioxide absorbed by plants. It is important as it mantains carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere.Greenhouses gases regulate the temperature of the earth by trapping heat from the sun. They are important for making conditions on earth habitable for humans.Recommendations. Lowering of fossil fuels will help lower pollution in cities and around the world. Solar panels on schools, and office buildings/skyscapers will lower the cost of electricity and CO2 produced through electricity. Frequently report back to the space centre, effective communication will help the robots and people on Earth to locate and find were the gold is.Yes because the wind created by a butterfly's wings can jiggle a small amount of air but it can enough to create a snowstorm when combined with other causes such as storm and wind.Therefore there is enough for a butterfly in Brazil to jiggle the air and help create a snowstorm in Alaska.eg. In a system of ant trails, the ant searches until it finds food, and returns to the nest. Upon finding the food, it leaves a food trail which communicates to other ants that there is food there. This is the effect of feedback. Sometimes, the feedack is lost too quickly to be of use, so it is lost. This is the alternate version of feedback, the feedback loop. Technically, climate can be predicted, although mostly these are not, as they generally remain stable and constant. Climate can be predicted through location- e.g. if the area is closer to the equator the more bipolar the weather conditions. Japan has some freezing winters and boiling hot summers. $$: h ~  7 ]  &Tn3M{$JprÌD@00000101climate_knowledge_6posttest01`L@ rÌD@00000101climate_knowledge_5posttest01`L@ rÌD@00000101climate_knowledge_4posttest01`L@ rÌD@00000101climate_knowledge_3posttest01`L@ rÌD@00000101climate_knowledge_2@posttest01`L@ rÌD@00000101climate_knowledge_1Z@posttest01`L@ D@00000031problem_solving_confidence4posttest02p\N D@00000031problem_solving_3@posttest02\H< D@00000031problem_solving_2d@posttest02\H< D@00000031problem_solving_1h@posttest02\H< + D@00000043problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N + D@00000043problem_solving_3l@posttest02\H< + D@00000043problem_solving_2@posttest02\H< + D@00000043problem_solving_1R@posttest02\H< طD@00000047problem_solving_confidence1posttest02p\N طD@00000047problem_solving_3F@posttest02\H< طD@00000047problem_solving_2 @posttest02\H< طD@00000047problem_solving_1@posttest02\H< 4D@00000039climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R 4D@00000039climate_knowledge_10$@posttest01bNB 4D@00000039climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ 4D@00000039climate_knowledge_8P@posttest01`L@ 4D@00000039climate_knowledge_7j@posttest01`L@ 4D@00000039climate_knowledge_6@posttest01`L@ 4D@00000039climate_knowledge_5:@posttest01`L@ 4D@00000039climate_knowledge_4D@posttest01`L@ 4D@00000039climate_knowledge_3@posttest01`L@ 4D@00000039climate_knowledge_2@posttest01`L@ 4D@00000039climate_knowledge_1<@posttest01`L@ sªD@00000059problem_solving_confidence1posttest02p\N sªD@00000059problem_solving_3@posttest02\H< sªD@00000059problem_solving_2"@posttest02\H< sªD@00000059problem_solving_1@@posttest02\H< }D@00000115climate_knowledge_confidence1posttest01t`R }D@00000115climate_knowledge_10@posttest01bNB }D@00000115climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ LVALt 0A carbon cycle is when the carbon is released into the atmosphere through the burning of fuel. The carbon that has been released then travels through the air and the earth's sea, before being compressed back to fuel again after an extensive period of time. The carbon cycle is important as the fuel is burnt, the carbon contributes to the increase of temperature on Earth.Governments should set about making policies and time certain blackouts to lower electricity levels. There should be policies on what level of electricity and supply only a certain amount. Instead of fossil fuel, to power electricity, there should be thought on sustainable power source, such as a solar panel.It would be a good idea not to overmine as that would cause major damages to that planet. Overmining is never a good thing. With robots, that would be no limit to how much they will mine. Also robots should only take a certain amount. Gold is not a useful element, only admired for its ability to not rust and its pretty golden shine. There is no need to set a high amount of gold to be mined. Yes, a butterfly flapping its wings in Brazil can jiggle the air and thus can help cause a snowstorm in Alaska. This is possible, because everything is interconnected and therefore a small thing can make such a big difference somewhere else in the world. The current global cimate system is gradually increasing from previously stable conditions, although we can barely feel the changes at the moment.Emergent properties in climate systems include convection currents in the earth's atmosphere: areas of heat rising, mostly from the land, and areas of cool air sinking.A few examples of dynamic equilibrium in climate systems include- the relationship between carbon dioxide levels and fossil fuel, temperature and albedo, cloud cover and temperatureFeedback in climate systems includes the level of carbon dioxide in both the atmosphere and the ocean, temperature, amount of light reflected by a certain level of albedo, amount of trees and sheep.NLVALbThis cannot be true, as the amount of air to be disturbed to cause a snowstorm would be huge and even if the butterfly was the largest butterfly in the world, it would still not be able to cause a snowstorm. Also the energy for a snowstorm in Alaska, the snow and other causes must be taken into account. Such as the moisture, wind speeds and recent weather. There is no way a little buttefly can cause a snowstorm in Alaska.No, that is incorrect. I am not a member of the United Nation committe, but nonetheless, I still have recommendations for climate policy. Firstly, I think that all countries should abide by the same climate policies. It will simply be unjust if one country were to emit thousands of tonnes of carbon dioxide, and another were not to. Secondly, I think that all countries should also limit the use of fossil fuels. Rules or strategies that the robots should follow in order to most effectively and efficiently find all of the gold on the planet include not straying too far from the spaceship, and to quickly empty the gold in the spaceship once it has it. However, I personally do not believe that humans should just go to another planet and steal all of that gold. I find it hard to comprehend why humans want to continually evolve and make our lives better. I think that the lives that we are living with now is good enough. Why should we use all of our availiable technology to expand and glorify our own lives? Humans are so selfish these days. I think we should use our technology to benefit the Earth we are living on today. The world itself is so complicated and brimmed full of problems that it is insane to think that going to another planet to scoop up gold using robots will benefit our lives. There are people all over the world who can do nothing to stop the fact that they do not have access to clean water, or a decent home. Why don't we stop and think about our fellow human race? We should help them instead of looking for riches on another planet. LVAL 4 vGreenhouse gases are made up of water vapour and other gases that traps and prevents the heat reflected from the earth's surface from escaping the atmosphere, enabling life on earth. The increase in greenhouse gases lead to a higher temperature on earth, causing global warming and other complicationsIn terms of recommendations for international climate policy, I would recommenf that instead of only the proof FOR the current climate change theory being examined by international bodies, that skeptical scientists of the current theory are also requested to present their case, adn that the data for both arguments is examined by a number of non-biased, individual scientists, adn that all of theses scientists' findings are published, each in equal importance to the other. Then, if there is found to be absolutely no reasonable evidence for the current theory to be false, I would recommend that the United NAtions acts under the United NAtions Charter, under article 41/ 42 which enables the UN to act in a legally binding capability and require all nations by international law to reduce their carbon emissions by amounts relative to their current emissions.Fundamentally, the idea is flawed in that it would only encourage the price of gold on Earth to decrease, lowering the value of the gold being brought in from the distant planet. Although at first there would be a significant profit for whichever corporation backed the endeavour, eventually, due to the dropping price of the gold, the corporations profits would not be enough to sustain its continued projects on the other planet. I still believe everything I wrote earlier- namely that by moving it's wings, the butterfly can shif t air, creating a small degree of wind, and through an effect characterized only as a 'ripple effect' move enough quantities of air to then help to cause a snowstorm in Alaska. This is based upon the assumption that global atmospheric systems are simply that- global, and thus are interconnected in a way to allow this ripple to occur.$&J \  ; a  J`?es>d֌D@00000105climate_knowledge_6posttest01`L@ ֌D@00000105climate_knowledge_5posttest01`L@ ֌D@00000105climate_knowledge_4posttest01`L@ ֌D@00000105climate_knowledge_3posttest01`L@ ֌D@00000105climate_knowledge_2posttest01`L@ ֌D@00000105climate_knowledge_1posttest01`L@ AьD@00000097climate_knowledge_confidence1posttest01t`R AьD@00000097climate_knowledge_10@ posttest01bNB AьD@00000097climate_knowledge_9I don't know. Blank.posttest01vb@ AьD@00000097climate_knowledge_8@posttest01`L@ AьD@00000097climate_knowledge_70@ posttest01`L@ AьD@00000097climate_knowledge_6@ posttest01`L@ AьD@00000097climate_knowledge_5@ posttest01`L@ AьD@00000097climate_knowledge_4@posttest01`L@ AьD@00000097climate_knowledge_3@posttest01`L@ AьD@00000097climate_knowledge_2&@posttest01`L@ AьD@00000097climate_knowledge_1v@posttest01`L@ DZnjD@00000042problem_solving_confidence1posttest02p\N DZnjD@00000042problem_solving_3@posttest02\H< DZnjD@00000042problem_solving_2@posttest02\H< DZnjD@00000042problem_solving_1@posttest02\H< AƌD@00000040climate_knowledge_10posttest01bNB AƌD@00000040climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ AƌD@00000040climate_knowledge_8posttest01`L@ AƌD@00000040climate_knowledge_7posttest01`L@ AƌD@00000040climate_knowledge_6posttest01`L@ AƌD@00000040climate_knowledge_5posttest01`L@ AƌD@00000040climate_knowledge_4posttest01`L@ AƌD@00000040climate_knowledge_3posttest01`L@ AƌD@00000040climate_knowledge_2posttest01`L@ AƌD@00000040climate_knowledge_1posttest01`L@ rÌD@00000101climate_knowledge_confidence1posttest01t`R rÌD@00000101climate_knowledge_10posttest01bNB rÌD@00000101climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ rÌD@00000101climate_knowledge_8posttest01`L@ rÌD@00000101climate_knowledge_7posttest01`L@ LVAL`H 0"Weather can be predicted to a certain extent by looking back in history and observing previous patterns which gives us an idea of what weather could be like in the future, but altogether we cannot ever completely trust these predictions.Weather and climate are different things but I'm still not sure on the exact classification seperating them. Maybe weather is the physical manifestations of climate, while climate is th actual processes.The carbon cycle is the continous conversion of oxygen to carbon dioxide and vice versa. For example, humans intake oxygen and convert it to carbon dioxide, which is then converted back to oxygen by trees who absorb the carbon dioxide in the air, creating a balance of gases.Greenhouse gases are the gases in the atmosphere that trap the UV rays that rebound of the earth's surface from the sun. These gases do not hold all rays, some escape back into space. These gases are important to our environments stability as the rays they trap warm the earth, giving the ability for life on earth.Fossil fuel use, land use and the clearing of land needs to be reduced in order to make sure that the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and oceans are also reduced. This will cause a regular amount of greenhouse gases to keep the Earth warm but not too warm. The robots should dig for gold in a small area of the surface each day, to ensure that the robots can communicate to each other. The next day, the robots should search for gold in another small area and the day after that. They should continue to do this until they have dug through the whole planet and located all the gold that is possible to acquire. Because they are robots, they should be able to survive for quite a long time, but if a couple robots are malfunctioning, new batches of robots can be sent to the planet.Although the distance from Brazil and Alaska are quite vast, a butterfly flapping its wings in Brazil could somehow affect the air currents, which could continue on til it reaches Alaska, causing a snowstorm.LVAL, &This can be possible because of the currents and cycles that are continuously travelling in the air. Examples of emergent properties in climate When an scientific error occurs ... ? or when something bad is proven with scientific evidence ... ? woops sorry.there has been a theory that the flapping of the wings can cause a snowstorm in Alaska, the flapping of a butterfly's wings cause vibration in the air thus creating a snowstorm. Although it may not sound possible, small factors have also changed the climate so it is very possible that th flapping of thier wings may cause a snowstorm. however it may take quiet a lot of butterflies to be able to achieve this result Our current global climate system is not at all stable, the amount of CO2 is rising and creating a thicker layer of greenhouse gases which is breaking or wearing down the protective bubble of our atmosphere, letting in more direct UV rays and trapping more, which is steadily heating up our earth (hence 'global warming'). On top of this we are cutting down more trees and replanting few meaning the balance of carbon dioxide to oxygen is changing, not helped by our ever growing population.Dynamic equilibrium is when we have two or more factors in our climate which constantly follow eachother's erratic patterns, even though they may not be in the same amount. This creates a dynamic (changing) equilibrium (balance of these factors, to keep something going steadily).Feedback in climate systems is basically the difference between what has come out of the output and comes back into the input. The change gives us information about various processes in the climate that we cannot oberve with our own eyes.Climate can also be predicted by looking back into previous records and taking in todays new factors that could influence these outcomes, but again we can never be 100% certain. I also believe it is slightly harder and more involved to predict climate.$&J p  ) O u  4 N^j#Io&Tn tڌD@00000053problem_solving_confidence1posttest02p\N  tڌD@00000053problem_solving_3@ posttest02\H<  tڌD@00000053problem_solving_2@ posttest02\H<  tڌD@00000053problem_solving_1V@ posttest02\H< jٌD@00000111climate_knowledge_10posttest01bNB jٌD@00000111climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ jٌD@00000111climate_knowledge_8posttest01`L@ jٌD@00000111climate_knowledge_7posttest01`L@ jٌD@00000111climate_knowledge_6posttest01`L@ jٌD@00000111climate_knowledge_5posttest01`L@ jٌD@00000111climate_knowledge_4posttest01`L@ jٌD@00000111climate_knowledge_3posttest01`L@ jٌD@00000111climate_knowledge_2posttest01`L@ jٌD@00000111climate_knowledge_1posttest01`L@ ߦ،D@00000040problem_solving_confidence1posttest02p\N ߦ،D@00000040problem_solving_3I recommend posttest02jV< ߦ،D@00000040problem_solving_2i dont know. posttest02kW< ߦ،D@00000040problem_solving_1i odnt know. posttest02kW< ֌D@00000046problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N ֌D@00000046problem_solving_3@ posttest02\H< ֌D@00000046problem_solving_2@ posttest02\H< ֌D@00000046problem_solving_1D@ posttest02\H< ,H֌D@00000100climate_knowledge_10posttest01bNB ,H֌D@00000100climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ ,H֌D@00000100climate_knowledge_8posttest01`L@ ,H֌D@00000100climate_knowledge_7posttest01`L@ ,H֌D@00000100climate_knowledge_6posttest01`L@ ,H֌D@00000100climate_knowledge_5posttest01`L@ ,H֌D@00000100climate_knowledge_4posttest01`L@ ,H֌D@00000100climate_knowledge_3posttest01`L@ ,H֌D@00000100climate_knowledge_2posttest01`L@ ,H֌D@00000100climate_knowledge_1posttest01`L@ ֌D@00000105climate_knowledge_10posttest01bNB ֌D@00000105climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ ֌D@00000105climate_knowledge_8posttest01`L@ ֌D@00000105climate_knowledge_7posttest01`L@ LVALH R \Sorry, I do not have any recommendations. I would recommend that factories should carefully monitor the amount of fossil fuels they burn. There should be a set amount, and if factories o over, they should pay a penalty. I also think that alternative energy sources should be investigated. This would mean that greener energy would reduce the amount of corbon dioxide going into the atmosphere.The robots should travel in groups. Each group should search in one part of the planet. This would make sure that the whole planet is searched and covered. This would also ensure that the robots do not have to communicate over long distances. If there are not enough groups to cover the entire planet, a few groups should cover more than one area, but making sure that they stay a group. The robots should also ahve sensors as to make sure that they don't fall into holes dug out by other robots. I don't think that it is possible. This is because the amount of air a butterfly will displace is no where near enough to help cause a snowstorm in Alaska. The force exerted is not enough to travel that far. The displacement of air will be considerably less, and cannot affect a snowstorm in Alaska.i recommend that we should reduce the amount of carbon being released into the air. Many people have been assuming that climate change is not real, although this might be the case, i recommend that we should reduce our fossil fuel burning just in caseThe most effective way to for the robots to find gold, is to have them all search for gold over a relatively small piece of land. With more hands on deck it would be a faster and easier to find gold. Once there seems to be no more gold, the robots would mine in a different part of the land. that way the robots can communicate to each other also. Some rules for the robots are to make sure that they do not move away from the area and make sure to keep in the allocated area.B$&L r  + O u  . 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The robots should searching in lines, checking as a long line. If somehing is found, then the robots can communicate and send a message across the line. Then the robots can move in to the source and take more gold back to the ship. It is not possible to help create a snowstorm in Alaska. If the jiggle of the air cannot even be felt on someone standing next to the butterfly, how is something 10000 miles away possible. It would be best to reduce the fossil fuel burning to a minimum and more stable with the environment or find something which is able to replace the fossil fuels and not affect the rest of the environment.A better strategy is to be able to communicate with each other or leave a signal that will allow the robots to find the spot where a particular robot has found a place of gold so that the news t=can be spread and every other robot will come to help dig for the gold.no because it is too far away from located place and also the effect of the snowstorm is usually the result of weather patterns rather than just a butterfly flapping its wings triggering a snowstorm. It is unlikely that a butterfly flapping its wings would trigger a snowstorm because there are many butterflies and snowstorms occur less than the number of butterflies flapping their wings.xLVAL Fdlthe input and the output are the feedback. input could be the uv rays, output can be infra red yes no okaysometging bad happening as a result of something else?something that emerges as a result of something. i seriously dont knowyes its kinda the same as climateyes but its not accurate becasue we can never control the earth and it will alwats be diferent compared to what is predictedno climate is the long term fluctuations in our atmosphere and weather is short termwhy would the united nations committee hire someone who doesn't know anything 1. more people = more housing = environmentally harmful procedures to procure those resources to build houses = even more manmade things on nature = deforestation = not enough food = problems therefore people should adopt children instead of adding to the population. 2. no littering littering is bad 3. fossil fuel use leads to the heating of the earth therefore it should be reduced. 4. everyone should just live in villages again and fish and hunt for their own food 5. grow more trees 6. make houses with bamboo?? 7. build treehouses to live in :) 8. plant more flowers 1.have a lot of robots with scoops and a lot with buckets all robots should travel together until they find the mine of gold the ones with scoops should dig and give the gold to those with buckets those with buckets should travel together or at least in pairs to bring the gold back into the spaceship the process repeats until the robots have milked dry the minerals and resources of the planet 2.just make two giant robots to travel together and dig out the gold in huge scoops 3. the robots should eat the gold and store it in their systems so they can become gold themselves or maybe just not waste effort and time to assuage the endless pit of greed within the stomachs of humanity with contaminated gold from foreign land what value does gold hold if it becomes an easily accessible mineral rLVAL `~emergents are the unknown features which were not predicted in the system. they happen for no reason and impact the system.I recommend that factories around the world need to be more careful to the amount of fossil fuels they are releasing into the atmosphere. This increase in the amount of carbon dioxide is contributing to the increasing amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere which is likely to be the cause of the Earth warming up. Another recommendation would be that alternatives to the burning of fossil fuel needs to be investigated and used around the world to prevent factories from burning fossil fuel.A device should be put in the robot so he will stop digging gold when he reaches a certain level. This is to prevent gold falling out of the bin because it is unable to carry anymore. A GPS should be implanted in the robot so he remembers the area he is currently digging in and also the location of the space ship. This will help it navigate to the spaceship to dump its load and then back to its digging site to completely deplete the amount of gold in that area.The movement of air in the atmosphere is a very complicated cycle and if disturbed can produce various natural phenomenon. But, it seems highly improbable that a butterfly flapping it's wings can create a snowstorm anywhere in the world. It requires a suitalby large force to cause a considerable disurbance in the movement of air to achieve something close to a snowstorm. Wind is made when air rushes in to fill in the gap when hot air rises from the ground. There is a convection process as the air that has risen is cooled and comes back down above the ocean and is then pushed back onto land when the air there rises, creating a cycle. This is a fairly large cycle and if it can be interrupted by something as small as a butterfly flapping its wings, then there should be a lot of natural disasters happening in the world due to the movement of all the birds flapping their wings out there.LVAL l.do something to stop all the bad gases coming out of our factories and stuff do something about our fossil fuel burning - chemical trail - cohesion, alignment, separation.no. according to media. im not up to date. sorry.the commons- the ocean water, and the air, where no country can claim because of the mobility of such commons.Maybe have groups of robots to make sure all the gold is taken out of one area, to make sure no bits of gold are missed. There can also be underground tunnels, like underground trains, except many of them, and layered one on top of the other. They can run around the diameter of the planet, in many directions, and robots can travel in different carriages to avoid collision. They should be close enough together to make sure the robots can detect any of they close to it. This would make sure no gold is missed no matter how deep it is. Once they detect where all the gold is, they can then start digging from the top, and try to avoid the tunnels. They should also be able to determine how much gold there is in one place, and if the other robot has too much gold to carry in its bucket. It would probably best to have them be able to also detect the buckets and spaceship, to avoid confusion between gold still in the ground and gold already dug.I still don't think it is possible. There needs to be more of a dynamic change for it to trigger something like a snowstorm, especially in another place. If a snowstorm would be triggered, there has to be exaggerated changes in all aspects of the weather. If in Brazil the albedo rate is very high, and the wind speed has big changes, maybe it will spread to Alaska and become a global change because the changing conditions are so intense. If it isn't a natural change caused by aspects of the weather,then it won't be able to spread globally. But then again, global changes would have to happen first in order for the weather to spread around the world.$$.H n  ' M s   <b?Qw 0VzK~D@00000036climate_knowledge_10posttest01bNB K~D@00000036climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ K~D@00000036climate_knowledge_8posttest01`L@ K~D@00000036climate_knowledge_7posttest01`L@ K~D@00000036climate_knowledge_6posttest01`L@ K~D@00000036climate_knowledge_5posttest01`L@ K~D@00000036climate_knowledge_4posttest01`L@ K~D@00000036climate_knowledge_3posttest01`L@ K~D@00000036climate_knowledge_2posttest01`L@ K~D@00000036climate_knowledge_1posttest01`L@ `!8D@00000114climate_knowledge_confidence3posttest01t`R `!8D@00000114climate_knowledge_10N@posttest01bNB `!8D@00000114climate_knowledge_9B@posttest01`L@ `!8D@00000114climate_knowledge_8V@ posttest01`L@ `!8D@00000114climate_knowledge_7@posttest01`L@ `!8D@00000114climate_knowledge_6@posttest01`L@ `!8D@00000114climate_knowledge_5V@posttest01`L@ `!8D@00000114climate_knowledge_4@posttest01`L@ `!8D@00000114climate_knowledge_32@posttest01`L@ `!8D@00000114climate_knowledge_2@posttest01`L@ `!8D@00000114climate_knowledge_1B@posttest01`L@ vD@00000055problem_solving_confidence1posttest02p\N >D@00000055problem_solving_3@posttest02\H< >D@00000055problem_solving_2sorry i dont know.posttest02p\< >D@00000055problem_solving_1@posttest02\H< fffD@00000107climate_knowledge_confidence3posttest01t`R fffD@00000107climate_knowledge_10l@posttest01bNB fffD@00000107climate_knowledge_9z@posttest01`L@ fffD@00000107climate_knowledge_8@posttest01`L@ fffD@00000107climate_knowledge_7@posttest01`L@ fffD@00000107climate_knowledge_6H@posttest01`L@ fffD@00000107climate_knowledge_5 @posttest01`L@ fffD@00000107climate_knowledge_4@posttest01`L@ fffD@00000107climate_knowledge_3@posttest01`L@ fffD@00000107climate_knowledge_2l@posttest01`L@ fffD@00000107climate_knowledge_1@posttest01`L@ xLVAL bIn a dynamic equilibrium, we have a closed system where something remains constant. Eg. the amount of CO2 in the air will remain the same, you cannot add or subtract to the number there is in the world and it will only move around.Feedback in a climate system is the chain reaction of something occuring in a cycle. Feedback is like a loop where something will always return to a certain point.Yes, it can. By looking back at past reports of both weather and climate we can predict climate by looking at the pattersn and changes that occur/have occured in the past and try to apply these to the future. It may not be entirely correct because there will be outliers that take an effect on the pattern of climate, and it just takes a natural occurence to affect the entire prediction.Yes, it can be predicted by looking back at past weather reports to see certain changes or patterns that emerge in the temperature, and you can also read synoptic maps or weather charts that the satellite images provide. People specifically trained to read these charts will be able to predict weather, and often as seen on news reports, they are correct to a certain degree.No, they are different. Weather refers to a more of a short-term system of weather conditions ie. sunshine, rain, clouds, etc. Climate refers to a more of a long-term system where it is a collection of cumulative 'weather' reports and shows a pattern or change. Climate is also a broader subject that relates to the different living functional systems on earth including weather, habitats, living creatures, natural occurences, etc. Weather is a part of climate, but climate is not a part of weather.The carbon cycle is the cycle of carbon dioxide particles travelling from around the air and around the in the oceans. The particles move around based on the temperatures, which can be affected by burning fossil fuels. The carbon cycle is important because it maintains a balance in the Earth's temperatures.LVAL  p,If large deposits of gold are found, the most effective way to collect it is to allow each robot to be fairly cheap. These robots will be forever collecting gold, while a spaceship will travel to and from that planet, constantly collectin gold. When these robots are heavily broken, they can be left on the planet. Mechanical robots can do regular mainteneince. Lost robots will be abandoned, and all data will be transferred to Earth. If there are any needs not availiable on the planet, a 3D printing machine will print data of anything needed.This is not possible. The only valid hypothesis is that the when a butterfly flaps its wings, the small mounts of wind will collect together, forming large winds which will cause a snowstorm. However, there is no data to prove wind can collect to become stronger. Also, there would be winds travelling in the opposite direction, which would disrupt this theory. This process has been researched previously and is named the butterfly effect.From my findings from the investigations and observations of the computer models I used in this unit I would recommend to reduce the number of coals burtna and to reduca the amount of carbon being made from factories. A butterfly flapping its wings in Brazil can jiggle the air and this can help cause a snowstorm in Alaska. Although butterflies are small they can have a big impact on the earth. im not sure.Yes, as long as we remain to keep steady levels of fossil-fuel burning and we make good use of our resources, it will be stable. The burning of fossil fuels evidently increases the temperature levels in the atmosphere, and if we increase the lever to a high level, the temperatures will increase dramatically.If this is referring to the 'tipping point' in something, it's when you reach a certain point and everything after that will 'spiral downhill', only it doesn't have to be in a negative way. eg. once the density of the trees reached a certain point, the fire would definitely spread unto the other side of the screen.8$&N | % K q  * Nt-SwBh[DD@00000099climate_knowledge_8@posttest01`L@ [DD@00000099climate_knowledge_7@posttest01`L@ [DD@00000099climate_knowledge_6z@posttest01`L@ [DD@00000099climate_knowledge_5B@posttest01`L@ [DD@00000099climate_knowledge_4@posttest01`L@ [DD@00000099climate_knowledge_3@posttest01`L@ [DD@00000099climate_knowledge_2 @posttest01`L@ [DD@00000099climate_knowledge_1@posttest01`L@ D@00000057climate_knowledge_confidence3posttest01t`R D@00000057climate_knowledge_10@posttest01bNB D@00000057climate_knowledge_98@posttest01`L@ D@00000057climate_knowledge_8@posttest01`L@ D@00000057climate_knowledge_7@posttest01`L@ D@00000057climate_knowledge_6@posttest01`L@ D@00000057climate_knowledge_5R@posttest01`L@ D@00000057climate_knowledge_4:@posttest01`L@ D@00000057climate_knowledge_3@posttest01`L@ D@00000057climate_knowledge_2@posttest01`L@ D@00000057climate_knowledge_1:@posttest01`L@ 2ID@00000092climate_knowledge_10posttest01bNB 2ID@00000092climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ 2ID@00000092climate_knowledge_8posttest01`L@ 2ID@00000092climate_knowledge_7posttest01`L@ 2ID@00000092climate_knowledge_6posttest01`L@ 2ID@00000092climate_knowledge_5posttest01`L@ 2ID@00000092climate_knowledge_4posttest01`L@ 2ID@00000092climate_knowledge_3posttest01`L@ 2ID@00000092climate_knowledge_2posttest01`L@ 2ID@00000092climate_knowledge_1posttest01`L@ ,D@00000041problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N ,D@00000041problem_solving_3@ posttest02\H< ,D@00000041problem_solving_2D@posttest02\H< ,D@00000041problem_solving_1p@posttest02\H< aD@00000113climate_knowledge_10posttest01bNB aD@00000113climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ aD@00000113climate_knowledge_8posttest01`L@ LVAL Emergent properties are results in data that stand out or show a trend such as a steady increase/ decrease.Weather can be predicted by various equipment such as weather balloons, satellites, etc. Weather predictions are not exactly accurate due to the various changes in the atmosphere and natural causes. Many sudden changes cannot be predicted a few days before the occurence of the event. Weather and climate are different. Weather is the temperature collected for a short amount of days where climate is the temperature collected and observed over a long period of time. Climate can be determined by the temperatures from weather over a period of time. Most of the time, climate stays the same unless there is an overall increase/decrease of the weather over the past few months. Global warming can be shown due to the rise of temperatures causing the climate of many regions to be hot and humid.The carbon cycle is the process of carbon circulating the atmosphere, oceans, trees and living organisms. It circulates throughout the biosphere. CO2 is added to the atmosphere through various causes, such as fossil fuel burning, deforestation and the death of living organisms. CO2 is distributed in a convection current due to the rising and falling of the warm and cold air in the atmosphere. Oceans and trees also absorbs the CO2 in the atmosphere and then releases it due to photosynthesis.Greenhouse gases are gases that are emitted from various activites from humans and also from the burning of the fossil fuels. They are important us as they trap heat from the sun's rays in order to keep the earth warm and suitable for inhabitation. Without greenhouse gases, humans and many other species of flora and fauna would not be able to thrive. But if there is a large increase of heat trapped by the greenhouse gases, the earth would start to warm up and the temperatures would rise, causing many species of flora and fauna to die. 6LVAL 6Z"PThe current global climate system is stable as there aren't any frequent dramatic changes in the biosphere. BUt due to global warming, the future global system might not be stable anymore due to the inbalance of CO2 in the biosphere.Examples of 'Tragedy of the commons' are the dramatic increase of temperatures (extreme) and natural disasters. They are caused by the increase/decrease of CO2 in the biosphere which results into the 'tragedy of commons'. Global warming is also an example of 'tragedy of the commons'.The emergent properties in climate systems include water, living organisms, amount of CO2 in the biosphere, albedo rate. They are the properties in which the atmosphere which can cause many events due to the amount of it in the biosphere.Dynamic equilibrium in climate systems are through the results from the many models over the past days. The results from the models show a dynamic equilibrium as the results are constant and non-static. The results are also from a closed system.There are many feedback in climate systems such as water feedback, albedo feedback, etc. The feedback in the climate systems may be positive or negative. Positive feedback can result into positive results in the biosphere. The biosphere would maintain a balanced amount of CO2 and many living organisms would thrive and wouldn't die out quickly due to the variations in temperature caused by the increase/decrease of CO2. Also positive feedback can result into tipping points. Negative feedback can result into negative results and consequences in the biosphere. Temperatures may vary a lot causing many flora and fauna to die out due to the intense climate, making it inhabitable for living organisms to live. Climate can be predicted due the average of the temperature and weather occurences over a long period of time. As climate is observed over a long period of time, is easier to predict climate than weather. Sudden changes in the weather can be outliers when collecting data from the past few months.LVAL b P They should start in a really long line split across into NOrth east south and west and then come, so that at least two robots can track down one robot. they should go down across the planet and have them scoop up the gold. The robots should go back to a big bin at the spaceship after 48 hours and then recharge. After a while if they have cleared the area they should walk for 48 hours and have the spaceship go there too. While walking they should be able to get more gold. After a while the spaceship will be full, and the robots should take as much as they can store and then go back. And then the robots should be able to come to earth and work as gold miners. I think it can't because i think the air waves that the butterfly sends out would be too miniscule to help a snowstorm. Maybe it could drive up a tiny bit of water vapour up but it would probably have a small chance to make it to alaska as it is really far away. THe water vapour woul dhave gone up anyway. So a butterfly might be able to but only help by a small percent.nope. because from what we humans do everyday, our earth will most likely heat up in the future. and it will keep getting hotter and hotter and hotter and hotterrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrr. i dont exactly know but i tihnk its a pattern that happens as a result of somthing that occurs and its steady and keeps the same pattern feedback is something that naturally occurs in nature but isnt progamed into the system to occur example when we are cold the brain tells the body to start shivering to realise we are coldthe carbon cycle is the cycle that refers to the transfer of carbon in the different spheres. they are in the sea, air and earth. my answers are short because they got deleted and i dont want to write everything in detail again so ill just summarise what i wrote greenhouse gases are gases in the atmosphere that keep the earth warm and are created by us. they are trapped in the atmosphere $$: h  3 Y   8^n'Ms*PvHzD@00000095climate_knowledge_4posttest01`L@ HzD@00000095climate_knowledge_3posttest01`L@ HzD@00000095climate_knowledge_2posttest01`L@ HzD@00000095climate_knowledge_1posttest01`L@ UJD@00000091climate_knowledge_10posttest01bNB UJD@00000091climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ UJD@00000091climate_knowledge_8posttest01`L@ UJD@00000091climate_knowledge_7posttest01`L@ UJD@00000091climate_knowledge_6posttest01`L@ UJD@00000091climate_knowledge_5posttest01`L@ UJD@00000091climate_knowledge_4posttest01`L@ UJD@00000091climate_knowledge_3posttest01`L@ UJD@00000091climate_knowledge_2posttest01`L@ UJD@00000091climate_knowledge_1posttest01`L@ D@00000118climate_knowledge_confidence1posttest01t`R D@00000118climate_knowledge_10b@posttest01bNB D@00000118climate_knowledge_9@posttest01`L@ D@00000118climate_knowledge_8@posttest01`L@ D@00000118climate_knowledge_7@posttest01`L@ D@00000118climate_knowledge_6@posttest01`L@ D@00000118climate_knowledge_5B@posttest01`L@ D@00000118climate_knowledge_4b@posttest01`L@ D@00000118climate_knowledge_3@posttest01`L@ D@00000118climate_knowledge_2@posttest01`L@ D@00000118climate_knowledge_1@posttest01`L@ [D@00000101problem_solving_confidence1posttest02p\N [D@00000101problem_solving_3posttest02\H< [D@00000101problem_solving_28@posttest02\H< [D@00000101problem_solving_1@posttest02\H< vD@00000103problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N vD@00000103problem_solving_3@posttest02\H< vD@00000103problem_solving_28@posttest02\H< vD@00000103problem_solving_1@posttest02\H< [DD@00000099climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R [DD@00000099climate_knowledge_10l@posttest01bNB [DD@00000099climate_knowledge_9l@posttest01`L@ LVAL 0  ndynamic equilibrium in systems could be the carbon in the atmosphere and the carbon in the ocean. if there is an increase of carbon in the atmosphere, the carbon levels in the ocean will rise too, following the levels.yes, due to the patterns that can be made from the past climate changes, patterns can be drawn out. patterns can be extended, therefore predictions can be made.yes, weather can be predicted. to a certain extent, because of satellite pictures from outer space, monitering the earth and the clouds movement. what else can be explained? weather and climate are different. although both are predictable within a certain amount of time, weather is to deal with the humidity, the clouds and the sun. climate is to deal with the earth and how the sun and cold affects the earth. the earth.the carbon cycle is the cycle of carbon going around- in all systems, for example, carbon + oxygen breathd in, carbon breathed out. the gases that keep the earth warm are the greenhouse gases. they are important because if the warmth isnt kept within the ozone to keep the earth warm, the earth's temperature would decrease and life would cease because it would be too cold.Similar to the ant model........... The robots could spread out from their position to forage for gold and alert the others, causing the other robots to flock to the found gold to ensure it gets collected quickly im really nto aawke enguh to answer thi s sorry just g oi ng to submitThis is called the butterfly effect and it provides an example as to how one small event can trigger a series of events that lead to a bigger catastrophy. theoterically, the example given by the butterfly effect is possible I think that United Nations should impose a rule to stop having so many power plants with carbon dioxide in it. Maybe if they have to they have to get rid of the carbon dioxide themselves like putting a big balloon on the power plant and then let it out of space. $&L p   4 b |  -Sy 2Xh-Gu2>4D@00000117problem_solving_3@+posttest02\H< 2>4D@00000117problem_solving_2@+posttest02\H< 2>4D@00000117problem_solving_1\@+posttest02\H< .؂-D@00000105problem_solving_confidence3posttest02p\N .؂-D@00000105problem_solving_38@+posttest02\H< .؂-D@00000105problem_solving_2>@*posttest02\H< .؂-D@00000105problem_solving_1@*posttest02\H< !-#D@00000098climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R !-#D@00000098climate_knowledge_10j@*posttest01bNB !-#D@00000098climate_knowledge_9@posttest01`L@ !-#D@00000098climate_knowledge_8@posttest01`L@ !-#D@00000098climate_knowledge_7@posttest01`L@ !-#D@00000098climate_knowledge_6@*posttest01`L@ !-#D@00000098climate_knowledge_5@*posttest01`L@ !-#D@00000098climate_knowledge_4@*posttest01`L@ !-#D@00000098climate_knowledge_3L@)posttest01`L@ !-#D@00000098climate_knowledge_2@posttest01`L@ 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N1jxF@00000075science-attitude-73posttest\L> N1jxF@00000075science-attitude-63posttest\L> N1jxF@00000075science-attitude-53posttest\L> N1jxF@00000075science-attitude-43posttest\L> N1jxF@00000075science-attitude-33posttest\L> N1jxF@00000075science-attitude-23posttest\L> ,LVAL J T$JWeather frequently changes so iris hard to accurately pinpoint the weather but it ca be forecasted/ predictedExamples of emergent properties in climate systems include the amount of CO2 and c- oceans in the atmosphere.It should have a sensor to detect how much of the gold it has already dug out. The robots should also not dig in the same spot.The robots would have to be specifically programmed to actually collect the gold when they reach it or else there would be no point in sending them. They would also have to follow a set route or path to avoid wandering aimlessly all over the planet. This would also allow them to communicate better. The spaceship would then have to have the potential to carry all of the gold, considering the weight of the gold, back to earth.The butterfly effect is rather unplausible as there is no direct connection between the two places. Air cannot be 'jiggled' and perhaps even a larger force would not be capable of causing a snowstorm on the other side of the world. However, by flapping its wings it may pay a very small contribution to developing a snowstorm.or technology must be really advanced to do this really. what if what they dig up isnt gold biut dirt or some other element? they will kinda have to have really amazing sensors no. its pretty weird and stupid because its a butterfly. if tere is a butterfly that can flap its wings so hard it will the jiggle the air then thats pretty coo. but a butterfly will probably at most make small breeze with its wings let alone cause a snowstorm in alaska which is on the other side of the worldI do not think that a butterfly flapping its wings can jiggle the air and thus completely cause a snowstorm in Alaska. However, I do believe that there may be a minor contribution. Perhaps combined with other factors, a butterfuly flapping its wings may help cause a snowstorm in Alaska. In the models we have seen this term, change one thing and everything changes with it, no matter how minor or major this change is.RLVAL pjjFeedback in climate systems can include the input of the sun's rays and the output of ultraviolet rays radiating from the earth.Yes. Affects such as feedback, emergence and dynamic equilibrium would allow a butterfly in Brazil to cause a snowstorm in Alaska. W e a t h e r and climate are different. Weather can be predicted by using machines and technology so that people, for example, can decide what to bring on a trip, if a Monday is a good day for a wedding. Weather can be predicted for a while before the actual day. Weather is the temperature and the kind of day it will be- sunny, rainy, stormy etc. The weather is a factor that contributes to the climate. So, on the other hand, climate is not only about the weather but also about other factors including the amount of CO2, albedo and stuff. G r e e n h o u s e gases are the gases in the atmosphere so that when UV rays from the sun enter the Earth's atmosphere they will be trapped in, warming the Earth. Greenhouse gases are created from gases released into the atmosphere from aerosals, machines, air conditioners etc. Greenhouse gases prevent infrared light to go back into space, instead trapping the light inside the Earth's atmosphere so that the Earth is heated. Changing climate patterns on earth are a cause of concern as they will alter the equilibrium that we humans are currently comfortable with. Through investigations and observations of climate computer models, it can be concluded that increasing levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere are strongly linked to global warming. These levels of carbon dioxide are caused by activities such as fossil fuel burning. Thus being said, it is important that society is aware of this change and make an effort to lower carbon emissions by doing things from small tasks like using public transport rather than driving a car, to exploring and creating new strategies, such as alternative energies (windpower and solar energy), and laws that reduce these emissions.jLVALf n HEach robot should be designated a certain area, and each should be spread out evenly each with their own area to search and dig up. They should have a sensor to detect other robots in the area so they don't collide with each other when returning to the ship to empty out the gold. Each robot should have an efficient gold-finding technique installed, with many gadgets to find the most gold quickly and efficiently.Maybe, even though it sounds a little far-fetched. If there are millions of butterflies in Brazil flapping their wings, then maybe it would contribute to something. However, one butterfly can't do much, so it would have to be a huge amount or migration or something. All systems are interconnected so it may have an effect. N o . Due to the amount of fossil fuels the things on our Earth produce our climate has become precariously dangerous some of the animals on our planet. Birds who think it is Spring (as the end of Winter is getting increasingly warm through the years) migrate early and face hardship as there is no food. F e e d b a c k is when a part of the system leaves a trace for others of the system so as to continue the system. In climate systems there are different kind of feedback. When something happens, for example, increasing the amount of albedo in the model, it affects the rest of the model because it is programmed to change one a thing changes. C l i m a t e , on the other hand, cannot be predicted as there are so many unpredictable factors that one needs to know. Things like the amount of carbon and the albedo affect are needed to know the climate. Climate can only be known at the time. A s stated above, weather can be predicted by using machines and technology so that people, for example, can decide what to bring on a trip, if a Monday is a good day for a wedding. Weather can be predicted for a while before the actual day. Weather is the temperature and the kind of day it will be- sunny, rainy, stormy etc. LVALl4- Do something to regulate fossil fuels burning - This is a problem that needs to be resolved by the powerful countries because it is they who have the biggest greenhouse gas emissions - Put a cap on the maximum amount of emissions that should be emmited by each country - Some form of punishment if countries exceeds cap - Maybe they need to go to climate school and understand feedback, dynamic equilibrium and emergence - Hold conferences but actually get work done at conferences instead of just arguing - Maybe compromise your economic growth for a more sustainable futureA sensor should be set so that the robots stay the maximum distance between eachother while still able to maintain communication. This will enable the robots to spread over the biggest distance possible at a time.No. The distance is too large. The scale of the event is too small. It is logistically and practically impossible for a butterfly in Brazil to cause a snowstorm in Alaska.1. Have a small amount of fossil fuel burning as possible, and eventually don't need them at all(they're running out very quickly anyway) 2. Install renewable/conservative forms of creating energy all around the world/members in the United Nation e.g. hydraulic power, wind, solar, etc. 3. Have more plantations/plant more trees to restore forests - stop logging in areas that are vulnerable/should not be logged/affects ecosystems, etc. 4. Stop overfishing/poaching - have stricter laws/better monitoring systems/punishment (since animals help regulate ecosystems and therefore climate). 5. Have more effective/efficient methods for disposing of rubbish/use more recyclable materials for packaging, etc - landfill is filling up, more space would be needed, but this would make things worse. Rotting organic material release large amounts of methane gas, and other materials take thousands of years. 6. Have more water-efficient methods for everything - that way, water will be saved/conserved and less water-waste would be washed up streams, etc.$H ^  ( N r 9gF`?YͫID@00000114problem_solving_confidence3posttest02p\N ͫID@00000114problem_solving_3@1posttest02\H< ͫID@00000114problem_solving_2@1posttest02\H< ͫID@00000114problem_solving_1@0posttest02\H< ΕGD@00000097problem_solving_confidence1posttest02p\N ΕGD@00000097problem_solving_3@0posttest02\H< ΕGD@00000097problem_solving_2@0posttest02\H< ΕGD@00000097problem_solving_1@/posttest02\H< ?D@00000057problem_solving_confidence3posttest02p\N ?D@00000057problem_solving_3@/posttest02\H< ?D@00000057problem_solving_2"@/posttest02\H< ?D@00000057problem_solving_16@/posttest02\H< Z;D@00000091problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N Z;D@00000091problem_solving_3`@/posttest02\H< Z;D@00000091problem_solving_2@(posttest02\H< Z;D@00000091problem_solving_1@-posttest02\H< 8D@00000113problem_solving_confidence3posttest02p\N 8D@00000113problem_solving_3@@.posttest02\H< 8D@00000113problem_solving_2@.posttest02\H< 8D@00000113problem_solving_1>@.posttest02\H< 7D@00000035climate_knowledge_confidence3posttest01t`R 7D@00000035climate_knowledge_10@.posttest01bNB 7D@00000035climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ 7D@00000035climate_knowledge_8@posttest01`L@ 7D@00000035climate_knowledge_7@posttest01`L@ 7D@00000035climate_knowledge_6H@-posttest01`L@ 7D@00000035climate_knowledge_5H@-posttest01`L@ 7D@00000035climate_knowledge_4No, not definitely.posttest01ua@ 7D@00000035climate_knowledge_3t@-posttest01`L@ 7D@00000035climate_knowledge_2@-posttest01`L@ 7D@00000035climate_knowledge_1@posttest01`L@ q2I5D@00000111problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N q2I5D@00000111problem_solving_3d@-posttest02\H< q2I5D@00000111problem_solving_2@-posttest02\H< q2I5D@00000111problem_solving_1@)posttest02\H< 2>4D@00000117problem_solving_confidence1posttest02p\N LVAL( 8No, but bascically the theory is stating that one variable, no matter how minute it is will have an effect on the other variable.Feedback in climate systems include water and albedo feedback which are factors influencing results with certain processes like photosynthesis and the carbon cycle.Climate can be predicted from past weather records all over the world to discover trends and patterns over the years and see events that could repeat in the future.THey are different. Weather is the arth's conditions over a shorter period of time in a more local area whereas climate is the earth's conditions over a longer period of time, globally. The carbon cycle is the random distribution of CO2 through the atmosphere, oceans and living things/trees on land. The burning of fossil fuels though human activity contributes to the convection currents of CO2 in the atmosphere where hot and cold air rises and falls.I would recommend that in order to mantain some balance in the global climate system, each country would have to be given a set amount of carbon they are allowed to emit. The amount of carbon each country is allowed to emit could be increased in proportion to the number of excess trees planted in that country, and a country, for example Denmark, that uses a lot of renewable energy and thus has lower carbon emmissions could sell some of their quota of carbon emmissions to a country like China that uses a lot of non-renewable. Every ton over the limit that is emitted by a country would result in a fine to payed by that country, the proceeds of which would go towards climate research.Other rules that the robots should be programmed to follow are to stay a certain distance away from the other robots, this will make them spread out so they will be able to cover the entire surface of the planet; the robots must also return to the spaceship once their gold-bin is full, so the gold is returned to earth rather than bein left on the distant planet.FLVALr4 \all countries should legislate a cap on the CO2 emmisions they are allowed to release based on population. they are only allowed to use sustainablly managed forests for timber, paper and other necessities, and big companies that use an excessive amount of fossil fuels for burning should have to contribute to the conservation of other resources to reduce their footprint and there should be practices put into place that forces these companies to limit their usage of fossil fuels, the level being reduced by a certain percentage every year. just like ants in a colony, they should have a way of communicating with each other over longer distances, such as a car horn. the robots could sound the horn and the other robots could have sound sensors! the louder the horn, the larger the amount of gold the robot has found. on a serious note, the robots could use a trackng device to measure their precise location where the gold has been found and transmit to any robots in close proximity. when the robot travels back to base, it transmits this signal so that other, previously uncontactable robots can be sent to find the gold. i have already answered this question in the pre-test. my answer has not changed but i have been told i have to answer it again. here it goes: Theoretically, the butterfly's wing movements could be enough the cause a domino effect - the wing movement creates a tiny amount of air movement, which contributes to the breeze blowing outside, which can now build into a strong wind, which feeds the global wind bands that wrap around the world, which creats abnormally strong winds in Alaska, which then creates a snowstorm due to the wild conditions. In real life, this would never happen. i answered this completely in the pre-test. again. my answer has not changed.Yes it is currently stable but in the future, some research shows global warming may be a problem with unstable distribution of CO2 in the atmosphere apparently caused by excessive fossil fuel usage.lLVALj H ,They are different. Weather is short term (day + 0 day) and li ate is long term...Emergent properties in climate systems can include the degree of water feedback.In theory, a butterfly flapping it's wings in Brazil could possibly cause a snowstorm in Alaska, but this is not at all likely. We can follow the rule that everything in life effects, even slightly, evertything else which would allow something as ridiculous as this to happen. This flapping could cause a domino-like effect, snowballing (pardon the pun) in power to end up creating the snowstorm. Although in reality this would be an extremely rare and untraceable occurence.People should use public transportation instead of cars, to reduce the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere which is causing global warming. Also people should recycle and reuse many objects as the production of the materials is costly as well as bad for the environment. Plant more trees in order to keep and maintain the balance of CO2 in the atmosphere so there wouldn't be too much in the biosphere, causing temperatures to rise, and flora and fauna dying and oceans warming up.The condition of the robot should be concerned due to the gravity from space. Also there should be protection from the solar flares. Also the accuracy of the sensor to detect the gold should be kept in mind. The amount of the scoop to dig the gold should be concerned. This is not possible as Brazil is located in the Southern hemisphere and Alaska is located in the Northern Hemisphere. The large amount of distance between the two locations is not possible for the cause. Also the air in Brazil is usually warm due to the climate there and Alaska has a different climate so it isnt possible for a snowstorm to occur in Alaska just by the force of a butterfly flapping its wings.Our carbon output should be minimised to nothing or very little. We should also have a carbon tax on large companies and stop the use of coal or 'fracking' for 'natural gases'.&LVALD @.@Ni, climate is dependent on weather over time and weather can only be predicted, accurately somewhat ahead of a month .No, not really, because it is long term to an extent, yes, if the weather patterns appear to be similar and recurring.Yes, it can be predicted up to one week before the day being predicted.A butterfly flapping its wings in Brazil cannot jiggle the air and thus cannot help cause a snowstorm in Alaska. A butterfly flapping its wings is cause by an entirely different phenomenon called air pressure. On the other hand a snow storm is caused by weather changes in the atmosphere. The climate solely affects the snowstorm occurence. All this proves the fact that notion and idea of butterfly wings flapping having caused the snowstorm is not possible. First of all everyone can regonise that our planet is going downhill. We are routining our host and ignoring the effects, just because it won't effect us personally. For every section of land cleared we should replant seeds, creating a continuous cycle of reuse, instead of simply plowing through our forests. We should take action and completely ban the use of fossil fuels, there are so many other options and yet people are too lazy to take action. As a civilisation we have always preferred a comforting lie to a uncomfortable truth. Altogether we need to take time to heal our planet and the ozone layer if we wish to remain living here.I believe we should program the robots to follow almost the same orders as the ant diagram, they should always remain within a certain distance of eachother, the furthest they can go without losing communication with another robot. This way they will be able to explore a large distance without getting lost. As well as this ammendment, everytime a robot finds gold he should send a message to all other robots as feedback, alerting them to the newly discovered gold spot. With these two new rules to follow the discovery of the gold should quicken and the entire process should become much more efficient.fLVAL& Hh~Green house gases are gases in the earths' atmosphere that filter sunlight through to the earth and keep UV rays out.Yes, by looking at graphs and charts you can locate the trends and predict if temperature will rise, drop etc. Talking about this metaphorically, I guess the message it is trying to say is that a small effect and affect something in a larger scale. Which some what links to the effect that a small rise in temperatures can cause icecaps to melt and perhaps animals to be migrating or feeding too early. (????) Though if we take it literally, it does not seem possible that a butterfly causing the slightest movement in air particles in Brazil would cause a snowstorm in Alaska. I mean if it did, we would be hearing about thousands of snowstorms happening in Alaska.A carbon tax should be employed because not only does it provide money for the government but it will also be successful in decreasing the amounts of carbon that are wasted by human sannually. There should be a limited carbon footprint that is allowed for every person living in a particular location. This will give the government the ability to successfully govern the carbon footprints that are being left by every individual. This reccomendation has been initiated by the many climate change models as they show the neccesity of an equilibrium in the climate change systems.SOme of the strategies that the robots must follow include the following - 1. There should be a certain amount of weight that a particular robot can carry as excess weight may disfunction the robot. 2. There should be robots that have been allocated at particular places of the planet. 3. The scoop should be quite hollow so that oit is successful in taking out large amounts of gold. 4. The carrying bins should have lids on top in order to prevent the gold from falling out of the bins. These are some of the strategies that should be employed in order to most succssfully take away the largest amounts of gold.F$.H v ' U  4 b|-[u :Pv ~qE@00000041climate_knowledge_5@9posttest01`L@ ~qE@00000041climate_knowledge_4@9posttest01`L@ ~qE@00000041climate_knowledge_3^@9posttest01`L@ ~qE@00000041climate_knowledge_2r@9posttest01`L@ ~qE@00000041climate_knowledge_1L@9posttest01`L@ D@00000098problem_solving_confidence3posttest02p\N D@00000098problem_solving_3@9posttest02\H< D@00000098problem_solving_2 @8posttest02\H< D@00000098problem_solving_1@8posttest02\H< :m`D@00000100problem_solving_confidence4posttest02p\N :m`D@00000100problem_solving_3@8posttest02\H< :m`D@00000100problem_solving_2@7posttest02\H< :m`D@00000100problem_solving_1@7posttest02\H< :W^D@00000095problem_solving_confidence3posttest02p\N :W^D@00000095problem_solving_3@6posttest02\H< :W^D@00000095problem_solving_2X@6posttest02\H< :W^D@00000095problem_solving_1@6posttest02\H<  ]D@00000092problem_solving_confidence3posttest02p\N  ]D@00000092problem_solving_3T@6posttest02\H<  ]D@00000092problem_solving_2@6posttest02\H<  ]D@00000092problem_solving_1@6posttest02\H< ]D@00000035problem_solving_confidence3posttest02p\N ]D@00000035problem_solving_3P@5posttest02\H< ]D@00000035problem_solving_2@5posttest02\H< ]D@00000035problem_solving_1@5posttest02\H< UJTD@00000107problem_solving_3\@5posttest02\H< UJTD@00000107problem_solving_2@5posttest02\H< UJTD@00000107problem_solving_1@4posttest02\H< ųQD@00000108problem_solving_confidence1posttest02p\N ųQD@00000108problem_solving_3:@4posttest02\H< ųQD@00000108problem_solving_2`@4posttest02\H< ųQD@00000108problem_solving_1T@3posttest02\H< LD@00000094problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N LD@00000094problem_solving_3H@3posttest02\H< LD@00000094problem_solving_2`@3posttest02\H< LD@00000094problem_solving_1Z@1posttest02\H< LVAL X:@Dynamic Equilibrium is the returning to the original state in a sudden way?an example of dynamic between the carbon emitted by equilibrium would be to balance between the carbon emitted by the oceansyes, to a certain extent with our current technology but as humans have have not progress to a point If one examines the details of this theory, then it might be possible for butterflies flapping their wings to cause a snowstorm. However this is highly unlikely. If we look at the positive or negtive feedback effect, everything in a loop should cause another thing to happen, causing another thing to happen, and this should keep going in a loop. Even though in the theory is correct, the wings of butterflies, no matter how many there were, would not be strong enough to propel a large enough amount of air all the way to Alaska, and create a snowstorm.The earth's temperatures are rising and we should try to find out exactly why. If the results do point towards Climate Change, they should find exactly what emmisions are making the rise. If it is man - made emmisions that affect the earth's temperatures then the United Nation committee should take the necesary steps to prevent it or try at least to stop what we've already done. (????????????????????????????????????)The robots should first before digging should make a estimated circle for where to dig (within their programing not actually on the ground). This should be done by the robots using sensors to try to locate the places where they sense gold and where they don't. When the robot digs up the gold and finds that there is too much gold for it to carry it should return back to the ship but while it's doing that, the robot should use some sort of GPS system to track the path from the gold to the space ship. This GPS system should be on all robots and when a track appears, robots near the track should head towards the track and follow it. Just like the systems that bees use to find food.xLVAL fVNo, Because climate non linear and we are on we verge of tipping point with the heat rising like so I accidentally clicked on something in my bookmarks when I was trying to move the tab somewhere else so I'll just summarise what I first wrote: The force or energy the butterfly uses to flap its wings will cause a somewhat shift in the air immediately next to it, if only even slightly. What happens is that if this effect was magnified, it would have a huge impact on the air even as far away as Alaska, and this effect that the power of flapping uses helps build up to the effect needed to buffet a snowstorm. So yes, I think that will be possible, since it shifts the air over just a tiny bit over the entire 'blanket' of air around the world.Every person in the world can make a small difference to the current downhill slope of the earth's climate. If humans somehow decreased the amount of fossil fuels being burned, the temperature would become more stable. We need to adjust our way of living to create a more dynamic equilibrium, for a more balanced environment. If the environment was balanced, the number of things dying would be the same as those being born, causing no net decrease or increase. In a perfect world, every living thing should follow a certain set of rules depending on who they were. This would create a more balanced climate for earth and also be more beneficial for future generations.I think that the robots should all have programmed the same set of rules or patterns in order to obtain the best possible results. Another rule should be that if one robot moves too far away from the others, they will turn around and return. The same should be if they get too close to another robot. This will keep the results being stable, and in a dynamic equilibrium. With every robot following a set of the same rules, the gold should be able to be found more quickly, which is what the humans want. The robots is in a cycle of positive feedback this way.LVALF The United Nations should continue researching the factors that may possibly contribute to global warming or negative climate change and monitor CO2 levels efficiently.The robots can search for gold in a large group while splitting off into smaller groups within small distances. A smaller group will form a line to the spaceship in order to pass the gold back. A line of robots will allow short distance communication.No, it is not possible for a butterfly's wings flapping to cause a snowstorm. IF combined with other influences it could create a snowball effect with wind and changes in air pressure over time but not alone and definitely over a small amount of time. Find other forms of more environmentally-friendly energy usages/consumptionmethods because burning fossil fuels is not the way to go. Out current resources such as coal and oil will run out someday and we desperately need an alternative. High amounts of fossil-fuesl are not good for the environment and they affect the temperature, distorting the original temperature patterns because human-actionss are taking an effect on it.I accidentally clicked on something in my bookmarks when I was trying to move the tab somewhere else so I'll just summarise what I first wrote: I think that the most convenient and efficient way would be to have enough mini-robots to fill up the entire planet, spaced out in a way that they would all be close enough to each other that they can communicate to each other. Although it would be quite costly and maybe unpractical, it is the most efficient way of getting together all the gold and at the end of the day it's probably fastest and has a higher guarantee of being successful. They would remain in their original formations and then after they've all dug up the gold in that one spot they would rotate to dig in a second spot next to each other, the plan would be formulated beforehand and programmed into them so that they know what they're doing.LVAL & where the release and absorption of suns' rays are equal and undisturbed by other aspects (ex water effect, C02 and albedo)Dynamic equilibrium is when aspect of the a cycle is changed and it affects anoithe aspect of the cycle which keep it balancedWe need to bring our fossil fuel usage down significantly. To do this, we need to look at eco friendly options for energy. Energy sources that could potentially be used include: solar energy, wind energy and hydro electricity. So that the robots can effectively find the gold, the robots should travel in packs. This allows them to communicate with each other and helps them find more gold quickly. It is not possible for butterflies to cause snowstorms in another part of the world. If the butterflies were capable to having any sort of effect on the wind patterns, their power would be thwarted by greater forces such as the Coriolis effect. reduce carbon emission a per year and educate more students about the effects of climate change and how the climate works to promote less carbon emissions in the futurei would program the robots to use the same function/sytem ants use to find food. by programming the robots to leave chemical trails that allow other robots to be noified and follow the trail to bring back the gold. the chemical trail should have a medium diffusion rate since once all the gold is found in one spot then the robots wont need to continue to foolow the trail. yes because through all the models we have done we can notice that if one varible is changed just slightly the whole system is effect. this butterfly effect theory explores this concept since the tiniest change in the air difference can start a chain reaction which may result in a snowstorm in alaska. the difference in air current/ pressure a butterflies wings can cause may be amplified by like a ripple effect in pond. this may cause a low pressure system to form above alaska and cause a snowstormrLVAL$4I think it is where there is an inevitable dramatic increase or decrease in some aspectthe robots should do what the ants do, as in they should leave a trail when they find a big depsoit of gold that they cant carry all by themselves and then the other robots will pick up that trail and add to the trail creating a feedback effect. they should also have built in censors that detect gold (im assuming that there is unlimited technology) meaning they should have massive rocket boosters just cos they can and they should also have indestructable metal cos otherwise the suns rays and stuff would kill them there spaceship should have built in hypospace (like in star wars) and it should have atomic guns and stuff to protect from alien attach, cos of course, the aliens will detect all the activity and then the aliens will want the gold so the robots will have to kill them with the atomic blasters and stuff, and the rocket boosters will help them dodge alein attachs.no this is not possible, this so impossible. that phrase that says 'nothing is impossible' is wrong, this is impossible a butterfly is mini and a snow storm is massive. brazil is in south america and alaska is above north america. a butterfly would flap its wings and cause a disturbance in the air over brazil and that is all that would happen, besides even if that butterfly was massive a disturbance in teh air would not make a snowstorm in alaska because snowstorm are not just made from disturbances in the air, the air must be cold, it needs to be windy and there needs to be enough water vapour in the air to freeze into snow. therefore the butterfly would notcontribute to a snowstorm in alaska because movement of air doesn't even cause snowstorms, cold an dwindy conditions cause snowstorms. this is not to say that whilst this butterfly jiggles its wings in the air over brazil a snowstorm will not occur in alaska, this just means tha tthe butterfly will not be the cause of the snowstorm.LVALj  Obviously the few rules listed above are definitely not enough to pull off an experiment this large. The robots need to be programmed so that when humans are not able to communicate with them they will still be able to work. This may be advanced technology. We would also need a spaceship that will be able to bring the robots back, with all the gold. It would have to be large enough for the thousand of robots and the (maybe) thousands of pieces of gold. The robots should be programmed or communicated to cover a part of the planet so that different robots wouldn't have to look over the same land that other robots already have. No. I do not believe that flutter of a butterfy's wings will not cause a storm thousands of kilometres away. On the contrary, the saying may mean that a little movement, even a flutter of change in the system may affect the whole system or model at a larger scale at a different place. For example if we change the speed of reproduction of wolves in the wolf-sheep model by only a few numbers the affect of wolf and sheep will differ drastically form before. we should totally adopt a green earth effect, and just in cause that doesn't work we should set up a colony on mars and moon thats near saturn or jupiter that make completely of ice (cos of course we need water) we should stop burning fossil fuels as it has an adverse effect on the whole environment, we should also leave ants alone cos they clean up all the food rubbish that we inevitably leave behind. we should also try to increase the earths albedo rate (by covering the earth with ice, yes its doable) cos that means that the erath warm sup less. we woulkd need to control this carefully though because this could turn into a feedback effect and then the world may be thrown into an ice age which would not be too good. in general we just need to look after our earth because its our home and we dont really have anywhere else to go.LVALZ >hExamples of feedback in climate systems include the mount of CO2 ic-oceans , amount of trees, sheep and temperature. These are affected by other factors such as albedo, climate change and deep-on. All these factors affect each other like a chain.Yes, climate can be predicted. Climate can be predicted using old climate statistics. Also, if we can accurately calculate the Mount of outputting CO2 , albedo , c-oceans and other factors, we can predict the upcoming climate.Yes, weather can be predicted. One way is to use weather balloons. This is done by releasing balloons into the atmosphere with sensors in them. Another way is to use satellites to predict weather, or large ships with sensitive sensors.No, weather and li mate are different. Weather is a short term calculator of factors in the atmosphere, such as temperature, humidity, wind direction or high/low pressure. It also predicts whether it will be sunny, rainy or cloudy etc. on the other hand, li ate is a long term study of the same factors. Also, climate change has a larger impact than the change of weather , as the change of climate will affect or in the long term.The carbon cycle is the movement of carbon in the atmosphere. An example is, when a carbon atom is released from a factory , technology, humans or animals, it floats in the atmosphere. Sometime, it will meet a plant and will be absorbed. An oxygen atom will be exchanged, and it will be converted back in to CO2 .Greenhouse gases are gases floating in the atmosphere, such as CO2 , or water vapour. They are important as they help warm the earth. When the sun heats up on the earth, the heat is trapped by these greenhouse gases. Without these gases, the Earth would be at least 20C colder than it is today. Recommendation for the climate policy, using all the observations I have used would be: 1. To inforce a law that fossil fuels should be limited 2. To be careful with our environment as it is delicate%$&L \  ; a t  Ic(VAg{/~rE@00000011climate_knowledge_6I don't know T_Tposttest01r^@ /~rE@00000011climate_knowledge_5@0posttest01`L@ /~rE@00000011climate_knowledge_4@0posttest01`L@ /~rE@00000011climate_knowledge_3@/posttest01`L@ /~rE@00000011climate_knowledge_2F@<posttest01`L@ /~rE@00000011climate_knowledge_1@<posttest01`L@ v v v v v v v v v RfrE@00000056problem_solving_confidence1posttest02p\N RfrE@00000056problem_solving_3@<posttest02\H< RfrE@00000056problem_solving_2@<posttest02\H< RfrE@00000056problem_solving_1R@<posttest02\H< N(rE@00000056climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R N(rE@00000056climate_knowledge_10@;posttest01bNB N(rE@00000056climate_knowledge_9I'm not sure.....posttest01s_@ N(rE@00000056climate_knowledge_8@/posttest01`L@ N(rE@00000056climate_knowledge_7@;posttest01`L@ N(rE@00000056climate_knowledge_6@)posttest01`L@ N(rE@00000056climate_knowledge_5r@;posttest01`L@ N(rE@00000056climate_knowledge_4@(posttest01`L@ N(rE@00000056climate_knowledge_3D@;posttest01`L@ N(rE@00000056climate_knowledge_2@;posttest01`L@ N(rE@00000056climate_knowledge_1@;posttest01`L@ ~qE@00000041climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R ~qE@00000041climate_knowledge_10D@;posttest01bNB ~qE@00000041climate_knowledge_9 @;posttest01`L@ ~qE@00000041climate_knowledge_8@(posttest01`L@ ~qE@00000041climate_knowledge_7@;posttest01`L@ ~qE@00000041climate_knowledge_6@9posttest01`L@ 8LVAL ^XThe current global climate system is rather stable because there are no dramatic changes of the Earth's climate or the temperature.Dynamic equilibrium can be seen with the differences and changes between the temperature of the earth and the amount of albedo. The changes seem parallel as the temperature responds to the changes in the atmospheres.The climate over an area can be predicted, for in certain areas, certain types of climate is experienced. For example, countries near the equator can expect more humid and warm weather Weather is the changes of the earth's climate over a short period of time, whereas climate is the weather experienced in. Certain area over a long period of time.The carbon cycle is the m cement of carbon around the Earth. Trees take carbon from the atmosphere and produce oxygen. When trees die and become fossils Nader the Earth's surface, the carbon inside the trees stay. When those fossil fuels are burnt , the carbon is released back into their. The carbon is important because carbon is a greenhouse affect.Greenhouse gases are gases that cause a greenhouse affect when released into the atmosphere. These gases trap heat that are reflected off the earth's surface and help keep the Earth warm. Examples include carbon and water vapour. Greenhouse gases are important because they affect the overall temperature of the earth and without these gases the earth would be unsuitable for any life to live on it.The current global climate system is not stable. This is because the world is constantly changing. The amount of out. Puted CO2 and absorption of CO2 is changing. The ' tragedy of commons' in climate systems include the amount of sheep and trees. This is because the many usually does not change.Examples of dynamic equilibrium are usually CO2 a c-oceans. Dynamic equilibrium is when a certain feedback has a wide range of results, but a general trend is still visible. The amount of CO2and c - oceans change the most as there are many factors affecting them LVAL 0 X66Greenhouse gases are gases such oxygen and carbon dioxide which retain in the atmosphere. They are important as they the earth's temperature . Without these gases humans control would be living in a completely different atmosphere. It would be a lot colderNo, I don't think so I believe this because of the massive distance between Brazil and Alaska, as well as the minuteness of the butterfly action.No, because of the inappropriate abuse of Earth's resources. Because of the ignorance that climate change is approached with, the Erath, an average is in reading in temperature by 1*c each yearThe carbon cycle is the way that the carbon in the Earth's atmosphere interacts and the works. It is important because it helps regulate the temperature on earth. Greenhouse gases keep the warmth of the earth trapped in the Earth's atmosphere when there is an excessive amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere the temperature rises and the earth will become less comfortable for humans or any another species to live in. The amount of albedo and water vapour in the atmosphere should be constantly monitored and the amount of fossil fuels burnt should be controlled and reduce to reduce the amount of greenhouse gases produced.The robots should cover areas in groups and in slow pace, therefore they can thoroughly check and by staying close they can communicate to other groups who may be closer to the spaceships so they can pass the message on over a long distance.It has been said that a butterfly flapping its wings in Brazil can jiggle the air and this can help cause a snowstorm in Alaska but I highly doubt that this is the case. First of all, if such a small disturbance in the air such as butterfly flapping its wings can create a snowstorm, then what would an airplane cause? Even though they are in different places (Brazil and Alaska) I don't think it could cause a snowstorm. From what I know, what is need to create snowstorm is a large amount of water vapour, freezing cold temperatures and strong winds$ * X r 7 e *Pv /Ue*DrDE@00000003science-attitude-33posttest\L> DE@00000003science-attitude-23posttest\L> DE@00000003science-attitude-12posttest\L>  sE@00000009problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N  sE@00000009problem_solving_3d@?posttest02\H<  sE@00000009problem_solving_2@>posttest02\H<  sE@00000009problem_solving_1~@>posttest02\H<  ףpsE@00000009climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R  ףpsE@00000009climate_knowledge_10(@>posttest01bNB  ףpsE@00000009climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@  ףpsE@00000009climate_knowledge_8posttest01`L@  ףpsE@00000009climate_knowledge_7posttest01`L@  ףpsE@00000009climate_knowledge_6posttest01`L@  ףpsE@00000009climate_knowledge_5@0posttest01`L@  ףpsE@00000009climate_knowledge_4$@>posttest01`L@  ףpsE@00000009climate_knowledge_3P@>posttest01`L@  ףpsE@00000009climate_knowledge_2posttest01`L@  ףpsE@00000009climate_knowledge_1@<posttest01`L@ -sE@00000009science-attitude-93posttest\L> -sE@00000009science-attitude-82posttest\L> -sE@00000009science-attitude-73posttest\L> -sE@00000009science-attitude-63posttest\L> -sE@00000009science-attitude-52posttest\L> -sE@00000009science-attitude-43posttest\L> -sE@00000009science-attitude-33posttest\L> -sE@00000009science-attitude-23posttest\L> -sE@00000009science-attitude-12posttest\L> wlrE@00000011problem_solving_confidence1posttest02p\N wlrE@00000011problem_solving_3posttest02\H< wlrE@00000011problem_solving_2posttest02\H< wlrE@00000011problem_solving_1"@<posttest02\H< /~rE@00000011climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R /~rE@00000011climate_knowledge_10@<posttest01bNB /~rE@00000011climate_knowledge_9I don't know T_Tposttest01r^@ /~rE@00000011climate_knowledge_8I don't know T_Tposttest01r^@ /~rE@00000011climate_knowledge_7I don't know T_Tposttest01r^@ BLVAL d ZFirstly for this project to be financially efficient the cost of the development and maintenance of these robots must be smaller than the potential amount of gold found on this distant planet. For the robot to be efficient, make the scoop ergonomic for the robot, ensuring it can work on all terrain it could also be larger to scoop larger amounts of gold. The carrying bin should also be made larger so less tris to and from the spaceships are needed as the bin will not get full as quickly. Let the boot have the fastest software in order for it to more more quickly and detect gold more accurately and efficiently Also, lighter and more durable materials are needed for the robot to let t more swiftly and survive through the conditions of the distant planet. Assign the robots to separate pats of the planet and creat virtual boundaries so the robots search through the whole continent and to ensure the robots do not search through already searched land.This is not possible . The movement of a butterfly is too minute to cause a snowstorm in Alaska . Even so, development of a snowstorm is not dependent on the movement of animals or humans . The butterfly's movement is so small that it is absorbed by the air around it.the movement is irrelevant compared to the size of the Earth. Let alone the movement of a human. Normal human movement cannot cause natural disasters so as butterfly's certainly can not either. The creation of snowstorm is dependent on a lot of other variables , and a butterfly's movement is irrelevant.No it is not. Humans have been burning too much fossil fuels and releasing too much greenhouse gases causing disruption of the dynamic equilibrium .Yes, weather can be perfected through observations of the earth's atmosphere such as lean currents and by the observation of El nia and El NioWeather is a short term observation of an environments conditions such temperature and humidity. Climate is based on weather conditions over a prolonged period of time.DLVAL , V bTo an extent , yes, by tracking the movements of low/high pressure systems and warm/cold frontsThe levels of CO2 , they are negative feedback and come back to a dynamic equilibrium -> it stops increasing and becomes stable, but a higher temperature than before. It is dynamic becuase it fluctuates and is not constant.There are positive and negative feedback- positive makes a change (A -> B -> A) and negative steps it and brings it back to an equilibrium (A-> B-> A) an example would be the ice caps and albedo -> the less albedo, the more heat absorbed into the ocean, warms it up -> less ice -> less albedo -> more heat in ocean etc. Another example is the water moisture -> high temp-> more water moisture ->higher temp etc.Yes, we can use machines to predict it e.g detect cold and warm fronts, high/low pressure systems, moisture in the air, events like EN56 (El Nino and La Nina)Weather is the temporary state of a habitat inc. temperature, rainfall, humidity, wind etc. it includes extreme conditions (e.g storm) Climate is the state of habitat over a long period of time (also inc. temperature, rainfall etc.)The cycle of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere and the land. it is breathed in by plants and released as oxygen whereas animals do the opposite. There is carbon in the ocean also. CO2 is a greenhouse gas and human activity disrupts the carbon cycle (e.g fossil fuel burning) and increases CO2 which warms up the earth.Greenhouse gases are gases in the atmosphere (inc. carbon dioxide, methane, water vapour) that absorb infrared and re-radiate it back onto the earth. they also trap heat inside the earth's atmosphere, warming it up. like a greenhouse for plants.1. limit the amount of fossil fuels being used. 2. Implement a carbon tax, despite many people being against it. 3. Plant more trees to absorb carbon dioxide. Reduce deforestation 4. Protect the ozone layer by doing whatever is needed e.g ban CFC's 5. Promote Eco friendly living e.g Eco houses, cars.|LVAL D x,NGreenhouse gases are the gases in the atmosphere which trap heat , helping keep the earths temperature relatively stable.Equilibrium........sorry i have a general idea but it is not clear enough for me to understandNo because the effect of input is becoming less than the effect of outputequilibrium is where things are stableclimate can be predicted as it is an average of common weather conditions and if weather can be predicted so can climateThe land heats up faster than the sea, which causes a conviction current to emerge.Dynamic equilibrium is when, in a feedback cycle. the cycle aims to reduce the difference to 0 (?)Yes , by using past data and also taking into account the El Nino Southern Oscillation, it is possible to predict climateI think it is possible because every small choice triggers greta consequences, but it really depends. A Butterfly flapping its wings does not seem significant at first (micro scale) as an individual but if you zoom out and look at the bigger picture (macro scale) combined with other things (e.g wind, temperature, humidity etc) a bigger pattern could emerge and thus trigger this snowstorm. However it depends on a lot of other factors, what time of the year, temperature, wind speed/velocity , and a lot of other things were not specified in the question, hoe=w big is the butterfly (it could be the size of Brazil for all i know) are there other butterflies there and is this in the present day or future (the earth would look very different in 2 million years) So, Yes i think it is possible but whether or not actually occurs depends on a whole range of factors.No, because it is at a tipping point (where the positive feedback > negative feedback). The temperature keeps increasing and does not become stable and does not fall back into a dynamic equilibrium.Properties that are introduced into a climate system (that weren't there before) e.g fossil fuel burning increasing CO2 and disrupting the carbon cycle.LVALcarbon cycle is how the UV rays penetrate and reflect off the earth, some of which are trapped from the greenhouse gasesAgain, this depends on a lot of things. factors need to be taken into consideration, such as, how big is the planet? Do the robots have a limited walking distance due to fuel and if so does the combined range cover the whole surface of the planet? How much gold does that bin hold? how far can the sensors detect gold? Generally however, assuming that the fuel is infinite etc robots should be deployed at one point on the planet then dispersed in every different direction -> They should walk straight ahead and only leaving the straight line to get gold but only 1/2 distance of the distance between the robots (ie. if they are 6km apart (the robots) then each robot should only walk 3km to right and left). In the case that there is gold right in between (which would be not lively). the communication between them could work when they get nearer t each other and only one robot would continue whereas the other gold on the sides they would walk perpendicular to the straight line to ensure no part of the planet is missed. However, sending robots straight to the planet to dig for gold would not be a very effective way, for it to be more effective, humans should male calculations of the planet and the gold beforehand. This could include the size of the planet, this could help in determining the number of robots used as fuel distance and also they should see which parts of the planet are the most abundant in gold and station more robots there -> which could save money. However when you think about it, the likelihood of the situations is that the cost of building and sending thousands of robots on to t=another planet would outweigh the cost of the gold anyways, so it'd be a pointless expedition if looking for money and should be used for intergalactic exploration instead.ZLVAL02tyes up to a week in advance . But they can never be 100% accurate because it is very changeableNo it is not stable, because as recent reports say, the temperature of the earth is rising, though subtly . which even now is having an impact in our environmental systemyes also to an extent but as climate cover more broader range of statistics, it is somewhat easier to predict in relation to weatherweather and climate are different as weather is the measurement of condition such as temperature, humidity and air currents over a small period of time over a small area, but climate measures those conditions over a longer period of time as well as larger areas.the carbon cycle is how carbon produces on earth is being used and recycled by other factors. This is important because and influx of carbon in the earth has the ability to affect the world as a whole.1. Carbon use from humans (e.g fossil fuel burning) should be limited -> or banned in the best situations. banned because it disrupt the natural carbon cycle. If increases CO2 in the atmosphere and the temperature of the earth, warming up the poles and melting ice, which brings me to my next points. 2. albedo depends on the amount of ice on the earth (more ice -> less albedo -> less temperature ) when ice melts albedo decreases and earth becomes warmer. This in turn makes more water -> so more sunlight is absorbed into the oceans, which speeds up the warming effect even further _> positive feedback. 3. CO2 increases greenhouse gases which traps the heat in the atmosphere So basically limit CO2 if you want the climate system to become stable (equilibrium) and if you don't want the earth to reach 120 degree celsius in the future -> - limit burning of fossil fuels (increases CO2), and other line deforestation - refrain from using CFC's which pollute atmosphere (e.g some aerosols , Fridges) - Decrease methane (cows, eat less meat) - Limit water vapour - stop killing plants which convert CO2 to oxygenN$.T z 3 Y i " Hn%;iHv RE@00000028science-attitude-83posttest\L> RE@00000028science-attitude-73posttest\L> RE@00000028science-attitude-63posttest\L> RE@00000028science-attitude-52posttest\L> RE@00000028science-attitude-42posttest\L> RE@00000028science-attitude-33posttest\L> RE@00000028science-attitude-23posttest\L> RE@00000028science-attitude-13posttest\L> E@00000026problem_solving_confidence1posttest02p\N E@00000026problem_solving_3@Fposttest02\H< E@00000026problem_solving_2X@Eposttest02\H< E@00000026problem_solving_1:@Eposttest02\H< >铑E@00000015climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R >铑E@00000015climate_knowledge_10@4posttest01bNB >铑E@00000015climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ >铑E@00000015climate_knowledge_8@Dposttest01`L@ >铑E@00000015climate_knowledge_7@3posttest01`L@ >铑E@00000015climate_knowledge_6J@Dposttest01`L@ >铑E@00000015climate_knowledge_5@Dposttest01`L@ >铑E@00000015climate_knowledge_4@@Dposttest01`L@ >铑E@00000015climate_knowledge_3N@Dposttest01`L@ >铑E@00000015climate_knowledge_2@Dposttest01`L@ >铑E@00000015climate_knowledge_1@Dposttest01`L@ eE@00000026climate_knowledge_confidence1posttest01t`R eE@00000026climate_knowledge_10T@Bposttest01bNB eE@00000026climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ eE@00000026climate_knowledge_8posttest01`L@ eE@00000026climate_knowledge_7@3posttest01`L@ eE@00000026climate_knowledge_6posttest01`L@ eE@00000026climate_knowledge_5 @Bposttest01`L@ eE@00000026climate_knowledge_4@3posttest01`L@ eE@00000026climate_knowledge_3 @Bposttest01`L@ eE@00000026climate_knowledge_2@Bposttest01`L@ eE@00000026climate_knowledge_1@1posttest01`L@ TkWE@00000026science-attitude-93posttest\L> TkWE@00000026science-attitude-83posttest\L> LVAL d @ 0.tclimate can be predicted according to the weatherit is how the factors can be abnormally increased or decreased, causing a prominent imbalanceemergent properties are the factors which affect climate systemsdynamic equilibrium is the state of stability in a climate systemyes, it is what the general weather is throughout the year which will repeat itselfEmergent is when on the micro scale, a pattern is not seen but on the macro scale it can be seen The air and water currents though individual molecules may not be following the circular pattern overall way are travelling like thatThe water feedback -> it is a positive feedback system in which warm air hold more water vapour which insulates more heat which in turn allows the air cold more water vapour The albedo effect -> the cold air produces ice which in turn allows heat absorpbtion which in turn produce colder airClimate can be predicted by observing the gradual or sudden changes and what it will result overall e.g hotter weather or wilder storms.Weather can be predicted but only for the few weeks ahead. we can observe the patterns and current system and predict what is likely to develop in certain areasWeather and climate are different. Climate is the long term condition of a place which is like the average of the weather systems. Weather changes from day today. The carbon cycle is the constant cycle that is transforming of carbon onto one form to another, so it is transforming carbon stored into the earth to carbon dioxide. it mainly uses respiration and the photosynthesis to change it forms. it is important as we live in a close environment and it is important to keep a balance between the release and absorption rateGreenhouse gases are gases that are in the earth's atmosphere that reflect and trap heat inside the earth. They are important as without them our world would be frozen and very cold as the insulate the heatLVAL nyes to an extent.heat waves can be predicted months before though not explicit datesControl pollution that goes up into the atmosphere so we can control the albedo rate (controlling fossil fuel burning)the carbon cycle, no carbon atoms can actually be destroyed or escape from the cycle therefore its a closed cyclein order to collect all of the gold on the planet, several other strategy could be implemented. the first being the robots should search the planet section by section in order for all of the gold to be collected. The next strategy would be to order the robots to stay within the communication range of each other . the third would be to make sure the robots should be able to deposit the collected gold somewhere where it can be taken back to earth. the fourth would be to have someway of repairing the robots if they need fixing. these are some of the methods i would employ , but i also raise the ethical question of whether it is right to dig up the entire planet for the sake of harvesting shiny metals which happens to be valuable to a species far away from the said planet and if humans will be responsible for the environment of this far away planet by cleaning up the mess we have now made by harvesting all of the gold. In short yes, though the question raised is to what degree is a butterfly going to influence the snowstorm in Alaska? I believe the butterfly can affect the snowstorm to a certain degree, unlikely to have any effect on the metaphorical snowstorm. One reason why the butterfly would not affect the snowstorm much would be the scale of the air the butterfly moves in relation to the air currents of the entire earth. The butterfly simply isn't big enough. If the butterfly actually did manage to start an chain reactions , the entire cause of the snowstorm would not be attributed to the butterfly. these two reasons are the main reasons why i have this opinion.LVAL H ,NR|$They are gases which are created to warm the atmosphere. It is important that the atmosphere is warm for the living species.Examples of 'tragedy of the commons' in climate system are..Emergent properties in climate systems are..examples of dynamic equilibrium in climate system are..Feedback in climate systems is when there is a cycleclimate may be predictable if seen in a cycle. Australia is predicted to be entering $ years of drought, in the El Nino cycle?the temperature of the earth and the amount of C02 in the atmosphere, The amount of C02 changes the temperaturenegative and positive feedback negative- positive- the temperature rises due to the water feedbackI do not believe that a butterfly flapping its wing in Brazil jiggling the air, can create a snow storm in Alaska. I think this is called the butterfly effect and it is a metaphoric meaning that small actions can have huge consequences, using the idea of emergence, on the macro scale, molecules don't like they're flowing in the same direction and pattern they seem random. but on the macro scale the pattern emerges. So one butterfly jiggling the air won't matter that much Also to create such drastic changes in weather there are other factors to be considered like the amount of water vapour, temperature of the water , the land mass, the albedo effect not just air currents.As a member of the United Nations committee , these are the recommendations I would give based on my investigations and observations. The first would be to investigate sustainable ways of harvesting energy to replace the means on how we are using finite resources for energy now. Another would be to find a way to stop the thinning of the layer of albedo in the atmosphere. a third proposal would be to make society more informed and aware of our current situation in terms of earths' climate. (ex. many have an exaggerated or downplayed view of what will happen in terms of the earths' future) `$.\ v ; i . T z 3Yi.Dj#\yE@00000004climate_knowledge_7>@Jposttest01`L@ \yE@00000004climate_knowledge_6@Jposttest01`L@ \yE@00000004climate_knowledge_5J@Jposttest01`L@ \yE@00000004climate_knowledge_4v@Jposttest01`L@ \yE@00000004climate_knowledge_3v@Jposttest01`L@ \yE@00000004climate_knowledge_2@Jposttest01`L@ \yE@00000004climate_knowledge_1H@Jposttest01`L@ .E@00000028problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N .E@00000028problem_solving_3 @Jposttest02\H< .E@00000028problem_solving_2@Jposttest02\H< .E@00000028problem_solving_1^@Iposttest02\H< _,9E@00000028climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R _,9E@00000028climate_knowledge_10@Iposttest01bNB _,9E@00000028climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ _,9E@00000028climate_knowledge_8|@Iposttest01`L@ _,9E@00000028climate_knowledge_7@6posttest01`L@ _,9E@00000028climate_knowledge_6,@Iposttest01`L@ _,9E@00000028climate_knowledge_5posttest01`L@ _,9E@00000028climate_knowledge_4posttest01`L@ _,9E@00000028climate_knowledge_3&@Hposttest01`L@ _,9E@00000028climate_knowledge_2posttest01`L@ _,9E@00000028climate_knowledge_1@Hposttest01`L@ E@00000004science-attitude-93posttest\L> E@00000004science-attitude-83posttest\L> E@00000004science-attitude-73posttest\L> E@00000004science-attitude-63posttest\L> E@00000004science-attitude-52posttest\L> E@00000004science-attitude-43posttest\L> E@00000004science-attitude-33posttest\L> E@00000004science-attitude-23posttest\L> E@00000004science-attitude-13posttest\L> 4 E@00000015problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N 4 E@00000015problem_solving_3v@Hposttest02\H< 4 E@00000015problem_solving_2P@Hposttest02\H< 4 E@00000015problem_solving_1P@Fposttest02\H< RE@00000028science-attitude-93posttest\L> LVAL:~XDifferent. Weather is the short term condition. climate is the long term condition.climate is the change of the earths' temperature over a long period of time while weather are the change of temperature over a short period of timeGreenhouse gases are a gas that can be created from human activities , for example, the burning of fossil fuels. These gases make the atmosphere of the earth more diverse making the heat within the earth harder to get out.Place carbon tax - making fossil fuels more expensive to obtain than renewable sources Place a limit on the amount of carbon release in atmosphere promote newer, renewable ways of living e.g eating insects/arthropods. insects take up less land area and money to produce does not mind being squished together full of essential nutrients and healthy lipids Public transport Inform the public and educate them of consequences Invest in Climate change research all over the world maybe invest in nuclear research for energy?To efficiently find gold on the planet you must cover the whole area of the planet with little or no overlaps . Assuming the gold is of reachable distant of each robot and that the planet is pretty flat, then going along the longitudes of the planet, then through pale two and back along their opposite longitude back to the original position. The equator where they will be furthest apart the distance between their communicators and scanners is at their maximum. then send the robots one by one for 180 degree one behind the other so all robots, except the first and last one will have at least two robots, signals in their communication radius by the time the first one arrives the last one should have jest left. Thus if any robot broke down the message could be relayed back to the pole 1 and would send another to retrieve and replace . it is also so the avoid crashes near poles. this ways each robot travels the same distanceLVAL X pthe feedback of sun rays in the atmosphere and on earth and oceansNo, the technology cannot predict long term conditionsYes, weather forecast can show weather predicted using technologyNo , it is not possible for a flapping of a butterfly wings in Brazil to create a snowstorm in Alaska. Firstly snowstorm are not created by a butterfly ( they are caused by natural elements of the earth). in fact the flapping of butterfly's' wings are not even enough to create any sort of wind or snow not even human can cause snowstorm so therefore it is impossible for a butterfly to cause snowstorm.secondly, the butterfly is too far away from Alaska to cause any disaster.say that the butterfly in Brazil could create snowstorm, it could probably only affect the areas around Brazil. It would be highly impossible for a snowstorm in Brazil to reach the other side of the earth in Alaska.Thus the butterfly its wings in Brazil can not create a snowstorm all the way in Alaska. From the points , it is quite evident that a snowstorm in Alaska is not caused by the flapping of butterfly wings as they are too far away and not strong enough. the current global climate systems are not very stable as people are not fully aware of the dangers of climate change and therefore are not changing their ways so that the climate system is stableemergence is when one aspect of the cycle doesn't seem to be going in a pattern ,but when with all aspects of the cycle as a whole is moving in one direction. one example is the dust particle in the sky, one particle seems to be going in random direction but the dust particle as a whole is going in a circular motionFeedback is when one variable changes another variable. but when the second variable is changed it affects the the first variable , An example is if many trees are c ut it affects the humans and animals . The change in the number of people and animals can affect the trees also LVAL b X  Vj Ldynamic equilibrium means that one thing in a system as over powering another, It is called 'dynamic' because both of the processes involve are aren't constantPositive feedback means that something creates something else, which further increases the amount of the first object. Foe example, the movement of hot air can create a fire but then the fire then further as to the increase of hot airClimate can also be predicted. By analysing graphs about the past weather and revert it back to ways of factor that affect weather, climate can somewhat be predictedWeather can be predicted but not completely accurately. This is done with instrument at weather station which analyse patterns and gather information when may foreshadow tomorrows weatherWeather and climate are different. Weather describes the earth's state for example, sunny or rainy, while climate describes the earth's atmosphere in temperature, for example 31 degree C.The carbon cycle is the emitting of carbon into the atmosphere. None of this carbon can escape the atmosphere, thus creating a cycle. This is why the earth is beginning to warm as carbon is being trapped and cannot escapeGreenhouse gases are the gases emitted from the burning of fossil fuels, deforestation and various other industrial activities. These gases moderate the earths temperature however recently, a global increase in greenhouse gases is causing the earth's temperature to increase and become warmerNever cut trees without the governments' authority. reduce the burning of fossil fuels and enforce natural energy like solar and windThe robots should have a sensor to sense if the gold that they are attaining has any harmful substances that could harm the human race and the earth. If there are , they should either reject it nor clean the substance away. Another rule that robots should follow is not to take any living other than the gold as it could be dangerous. $&6 d ~  C q  6 d)WBh!G !E@00000017climate_knowledge_10@Nposttest01bNB  !E@00000017climate_knowledge_9@7posttest01`L@  !E@00000017climate_knowledge_8@Nposttest01`L@  !E@00000017climate_knowledge_7@6posttest01`L@  !E@00000017climate_knowledge_6@Nposttest01`L@  !E@00000017climate_knowledge_5@Mposttest01`L@  !E@00000017climate_knowledge_4D@Mposttest01`L@  !E@00000017climate_knowledge_3@Mposttest01`L@  !E@00000017climate_knowledge_2@Mposttest01`L@  !E@00000017climate_knowledge_1b@Mposttest01`L@ E@00000017science-attitude-94posttest\L> E@00000017science-attitude-84posttest\L> E@00000017science-attitude-74posttest\L> E@00000017science-attitude-64posttest\L> E@00000017science-attitude-54posttest\L> E@00000017science-attitude-44posttest\L> E@00000017science-attitude-34posttest\L> E@00000017science-attitude-23posttest\L> E@00000017science-attitude-14posttest\L> o^ E@00000012science-attitude-93posttest\L> o^ E@00000012science-attitude-83posttest\L> o^ E@00000012science-attitude-73posttest\L> o^ E@00000012science-attitude-63posttest\L> o^ E@00000012science-attitude-52posttest\L> o^ E@00000012science-attitude-42posttest\L> o^ E@00000012science-attitude-33posttest\L> o^ E@00000012science-attitude-23posttest\L> o^ E@00000012science-attitude-13posttest\L> rE@00000004problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N rE@00000004problem_solving_3@Mposttest02\H< rE@00000004problem_solving_2@Lposttest02\H< rE@00000004problem_solving_1Z@Lposttest02\H< \yE@00000004climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R \yE@00000004climate_knowledge_10h@Lposttest01bNB \yE@00000004climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ \yE@00000004climate_knowledge_8posttest01`L@ PLVAL >:fUse of release rate to create equal proportions of amounts of carbon in the atmosphere and in the oceans..rules and strategies robots can follow include setting a restricted area for them all to retrieve all the gold and then move to another area, rather than roaming around as some of the robots maybe trying to find gold in an area where it has already been found. Having the robots in a restricted group also provides a higher chance for them to find all the gold. another advantage of having the robot close to each other is the fact they will be able to communicate and be able to alert one anther of problem. Also at the same time , split up the group to different sections of the planet. Because of different air pressures and surroundings on another planet, the robots shall be careful when transporting the gold into the bin and transferring the bins to the planes.It is impossible for a butterfly in Brazil to jiggle the air and in turn, create a snowstorm in Alaska. Firstly a creature as miniscule as a butterfly is not powerful enough to create something as monstrous as a snowstorm. Butterflies do not produce enough air pressure simply by flapping their wings to create something as vicious as a snowstorm in fact they barely create any air pressure at all. Furthermore, the distance between Brazil and Alaska is too far and way to unrealistic . Snowstorms currently in alaska simply do not occur because of animals rather because of atmospheric processes created by nature. however, theoretically speaking, it is possible for an enormous amount of butterflies to create a pressure large enough to trigger a snowstorm, but just one butterfly will not be powerful enough The current global Climate system is not stable. This is because the globe is continually rising to an unstable temperature. This is due to a wide range of human actions . if some of our current actions aren't stopped it will be a matter of years before the earth will; become so warm that it is inhabitable.@LVAL, :t0Zyes to a certain extent . if trends and patterns are obvious then the general outcome can be predicted with reliable scientific reasoning and evidence. Even though prediction are not extremely precise, the general direction is accurateyes, it can be predicted, but not to exact and precise terms. It is possible to gather info from previous climate cycles, satellite imaging, weather mapping, etc.weather is the forecast for a short amount of time (a week) for example, rain, wind, cloud cover, humidity , etc. Climate is the state or behavior of such things over long period of time and is more permanent and less dynamicthe carbon cycle is where trees and vegetation convert carbon dioxide into oxygen, and when the leaves fall (or when it is destroyed) more carbon is released through the dead leaves that fall. It is important because burning fossil fuels release a huge amount of carbon dioxide as they are made from millenia old dead vegetationGreen house gases such as Co2 retain heat from the sun and keep it in the atmosphere. they are important because without them earth would not be able to retain as much heat. i.e. earth would have to be cooler. they are also important because if we have to much it can heat the earth causing global warmingpolicies need to be implemented restricting or minimising the use of fossil fuels and non-renewable resources . Other activities including machines in factories that can cause pollution should be restricted. This is because the temperature of the atmosphere is increasing at a dangerous rate. these warmer climate system are melting ice and therefore affecting the albedo system of the earth. hotter climate also means a higher frequency of fires , rising sea level means more land will be underwater by the matter of few years. therefore, there should be a limiting amount of carbon each country is allowed to produce. renewable energy sources such as solar , geothermal power should be promoted to ensure the future survival of the populationLVALt 2 >2Positive Feedback = the cycle is seemingly infinite as the different components of each grow/respond to each other Negative Feedback = the cycle has a tipping point as it moves towards an equilibrium. There is a difference in the components of the cycle so it aims to become equal (?)They are different, Climate = average conditions foe an area over an extended period of time Weather = short term conditions of an areaThe carbon cycle is the different forms of carbon in our world which affect the climate, such as carbon in the atmosphere (gas), carbon stored in tress (photosynthesis) or carbon fossilised floral fauna (coal). This cycle is complex and each element is dependent on each other. This affects the amount of carbon in the atmosphere and therefore the temperature/climate, so it is important. Greenhouse gases are the gas form of chemicals like carbon which float in the atmosphere. They are important because they can greatly affect the temperature of the earth as they trap infrared rays inside the atmosphere and therefore heat up the earthNo because our current use of resources is not sustainable , having effects on our climate . The excessive use of fossil fuels causes sun rays to be trapped causing the earth an sea to warm up. destroying some of the albedo as melting ice, increasing water vapor effect, etc. it is a cause and effect sequence, this inevitable changes earths climateI think it is where there are sudden increases in the temperature amount of C02 in the atmosphere and ocean , etc... They occur probably as a result of extreme positive feedback or a tipping pointPositive feedback- Negative feedback for example an inevitable increase in temperature that will cause and affect other aspect causing it to rise further. An example was the water model with carbon dioxide in the atmosphere , high albedo and increased water effect , the temperature rose dramatically causing a tipping point $8 ^  6 d ~Cq6\;aqE@00000005climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R E@00000005climate_knowledge_10@@posttest01bNB E@00000005climate_knowledge_9 @Pposttest01`L@ E@00000005climate_knowledge_8@Pposttest01`L@ E@00000005climate_knowledge_7L@@posttest01`L@ E@00000005climate_knowledge_6$@Qposttest01`L@ E@00000005climate_knowledge_5@@posttest01`L@ E@00000005climate_knowledge_4$@Qposttest01`L@ E@00000005climate_knowledge_3@Qposttest01`L@ E@00000005climate_knowledge_2@Qposttest01`L@ E@00000005climate_knowledge_1@Qposttest01`L@ 5mJE@00000005science-attitude-93posttest\L> 5mJE@00000005science-attitude-83posttest\L> 5mJE@00000005science-attitude-73posttest\L> 5mJE@00000005science-attitude-62posttest\L> 5mJE@00000005science-attitude-53posttest\L> 5mJE@00000005science-attitude-41posttest\L> 5mJE@00000005science-attitude-32posttest\L> 5mJE@00000005science-attitude-22posttest\L> 5mJE@00000005science-attitude-13posttest\L> |@E@00000017problem_solving_confidence3posttest02p\N |@E@00000017problem_solving_3@Qposttest02\H< |@E@00000017problem_solving_2@Pposttest02\H< |@E@00000017problem_solving_1"@Pposttest02\H< d0E@00000012climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R d0E@00000012climate_knowledge_10@Pposttest01bNB d0E@00000012climate_knowledge_9(I honestly have no idea)posttest01{g@ d0E@00000012climate_knowledge_8@@posttest01`L@ d0E@00000012climate_knowledge_7@@posttest01`L@ d0E@00000012climate_knowledge_6>@Nposttest01`L@ d0E@00000012climate_knowledge_5@@posttest01`L@ d0E@00000012climate_knowledge_4@?posttest01`L@ d0E@00000012climate_knowledge_3@Nposttest01`L@ d0E@00000012climate_knowledge_2 @Nposttest01`L@ d0E@00000012climate_knowledge_1@Nposttest01`L@  !E@00000017climate_knowledge_confidence3posttest01t`R RLVAL^< .nNO, climate change can't be predicted because human actions can change the course of the climateNo, fossil fuels and man made systems affect ittragedy of commons is where no nations wish to take responsibility of pollution and negative changes in climate in the oceans and seasTomatoes are an example because i have no clue. they look words.. Emergent properties are patterns that become visible in climate system- they could travel in small groups so communication is better or be evenly spaced out in large numbers just so communication is possible.when they detect a deposit whether large or small, it should be mapped and recorded before taking any action. when extracting the gold from the reserve, they can communicate and several robots should work on the reserve. also it should be thorough so they don't have to return to the deposit. -There should be a system where once a group of robots has their bins full they return and another group fills their place in a system. They should be close enough to still communicate even simple messages - there could also be a system where the gold found is passed along a chain of robots to the ship -depending on the size of the reserve, a lot of robots working on one would be faster and more thoroughI do not think that this is entirely impossible, in fact, i think it is more possible that not. The butterfly does not create the snowstorm , it helps , air is constantly moving currents and patterns and possibly disturbing these can cause changes. Maybe the butterfly's' flap combined with other small elements , wind currents can carry the air mass to Alaska and potentially cause snowstorm. All in all , when butterfly flies , it displaces air and from there many things are possible, therefore, this theory could be trueNo, because with our carbon emissions we are creating a positive feedback system which moves away from an equilibrium, eventually resulting in extremely high temperature and a generally inhabitable environmentLVAL8Negative feedback is where the input of things affecting the climate is similar to the output of results , thus having a stable linear progressionWeather can be predicted as we monitor the weather condition of areas around us and look for any similarities with the weather we receive over a span of few days. for example, Sydney usually experiences similar weather conditions the one the Perth experience three years agoweather is different to climate as climate is what we expect from previous common weather conditions, whilst weather is what actually happensthe carbon cycle is a closed system and refers to where and in what form carbon is stored in. It is important as too much carbon being released in the atmosphere would cause the earth to heat upgreenhouse gases are produce via the burning of fossil fuels and other fuels. They are important as they keep the earth warm enough to sustain life. without them , the earth would be about 20 degrees colder.A lot of aspects of our climate are changed or amplified when carbon dioxide is released into the atmosphere, Thus this is where humans can start as it is the main cause of the climate change. Firstly, more people should be educated about all the different aspects of what would change earths climate. The public should be aware why we are putting restrictions and the benefit that it would make Burning fossil fuels can inevitably increase the temperature , setting all other aspects that can increase the effect. for example, raised temperature means ice is melted (less albedo)species that depend on climate patterns die (trees can die) the water level water could increase, etc. We can place restrictions on mining coal and burning it. introduce and build facilities for sustainable energy , eliminating the use of fossil fuels. There should be heavier restrictions on countries that burn more. there could be car restrictions, introduction of hybrid electrical cars or public transportLVALJV4some examples are CO2, water feedback and the fossil fuelsGreenhouse gases are gases produced into the atmosphere because solar radiation heats up the earth reflecting infra red lights. some lights remain within the earths atmosphere up most reflect out into space. without these gases the temperature of the earth will not prosperIn order to fix climate change, we must develop a new disease that will spread quickly and take its victims painlessly. This is needed to improve the climate as humans are slowly destroying this planet. However, this destruction is making and greater progress, therefore we must obliterate the cause of the problem which are humans. by ridding the world of human life, we are dramatically reducing the chance of murdering numerous other innocent species. Humans are losing respect to the environment and are therefore destroying it for their own benefit. To go back to the cave men times would be beneficial , however, we have become far too intelligent and conceited and therefore should be eliminated by plagueIn order to find all the gold in the planet, the robots could go out in groups of two (couples) and ones the robot finds some gold, the other one would return to the group and then they will all follow and help collect the gold. these groups would consist of about 50-80 robots and abase camp would need to be set-up in order to return the gold to. Similar to an army, there would be several battalions situated in different areas of the planet and they would have two weeks to scour their respective areas and if the land lacked gold they would move on. This procedure would be programmed into their software and once no more gold could be detected , they would return home with their lootThe input could potentially cause a greater effect on the output, thus resulting in a butterfly causing snowstorm. In Brazil, a butterfly could flap its wings and jiggle the air and thus help cause a snowstorm in Alaska%.H v ; i * P v /SiHv ;iHE@00000014science-attitude-94posttest\L> HE@00000014science-attitude-83posttest\L> HE@00000014science-attitude-73posttest\L> HE@00000014science-attitude-62posttest\L> HE@00000014science-attitude-52posttest\L> HE@00000014science-attitude-43posttest\L> HE@00000014science-attitude-33posttest\L> HE@00000014science-attitude-23posttest\L> HE@00000014science-attitude-13posttest\L> E@00000001problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N E@00000001problem_solving_3,@Uposttest02\H< E@00000001problem_solving_2@Tposttest02\H< E@00000001problem_solving_1<@Tposttest02\H< 2TE@00000001climate_knowledge_confidence3posttest01t`R 2TE@00000001climate_knowledge_10 @Tposttest01bNB 2TE@00000001climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ 2TE@00000001climate_knowledge_8posttest01`L@ 2TE@00000001climate_knowledge_7posttest01`L@ 2TE@00000001climate_knowledge_6@ @posttest01`L@ 2TE@00000001climate_knowledge_5@Tposttest01`L@ 2TE@00000001climate_knowledge_4(@Tposttest01`L@ 2TE@00000001climate_knowledge_3@Tposttest01`L@ 2TE@00000001climate_knowledge_2@Tposttest01`L@ 2TE@00000001climate_knowledge_1"@Rposttest01`L@ xasE@00000001science-attitude-94posttest\L> xasE@00000001science-attitude-84posttest\L> xasE@00000001science-attitude-74posttest\L> xasE@00000001science-attitude-64posttest\L> xasE@00000001science-attitude-53posttest\L> xasE@00000001science-attitude-43posttest\L> xasE@00000001science-attitude-33posttest\L> xasE@00000001science-attitude-23posttest\L> xasE@00000001science-attitude-13posttest\L> ²E@00000005problem_solving_confidence3posttest02p\N ²E@00000005problem_solving_3@Rposttest02\H< ²E@00000005problem_solving_2d@Rposttest02\H< ²E@00000005problem_solving_1@Rposttest02\H< LVAL *-robots hould be allocated certain areas to look for gold so that the other robots don't waste time looking for gold in the same area. -it would be kind of like looking , digging for coal and other fossil fuels, so follow and adopt the efficiency of the coal mines Sorry i don't really know what this has got to do with climate change.A butterfly flapping its wings in Brazil can not jiggle the air and thus help cause snowstorm in Alaska. this is because of the air movement that a butterfly creates is far too small and minor . maybe if thousands of butterflies were to flap their wings and create a small force of air.The current global climate system is not stable since the fossil fuels we burn and the carbon that is emitted is overwhelming for the earths atmosphere. this means that more infra red radiation is being captured within the atmosphere heating up the earth rapidlyclimate can be predicted as well. we can justify this through climate models that keep track of the balance of carbon gases emitted or how much fossil fuel is used up per year or the forestation and agricultural life. by keeping track of the several elements you can predict and see a clear visual pattern of the climate (infra-red radiation)weather is able to predicted for a period of 2 weeks or so because we have acquire the technology that is able to keep track of the the movement of the wind and air pressure. But because wind direction change frequently and non-linearly there is a limit on how accurate it is.weather and climate is different. weather is the amount of wind blown or weather there is precipitation , etc. while climate is the overall recording of the atmospheric patterns of temperature rising and falling therefore changing the earths forestation or vegetationThe carbon cycle is the cycle which is made up of carbon dioxide trapped inside the fossils at trees for hundreds and thousands of year. people dig up this fossil to produce energy. This is then releases extra carbon gases which were trapped in the fossilsLVAL  No, the climate system is not stable, and research shows that temperature within the earth is steadily risingSome examples of emergent properties are temperaturethe robots should be distributed evenly across the planet so they can find gold throughout the planet, not just in one area. there should also be a program to replace the planet's earth after it has been dug up to minimize damage. the robots should also be attached in some ways such as a string to the spaceship so they can return safely with the gold, along with the a sensor for the gold, there should also be something to attract the robots to the gold, like a magnet A butterfly flapping its wings in Brazil can jiggle the air and cause a snowstorm in Alaska. this is possible because small factors can altered can cause s huge impact. for example, the burning of fossil fuels for a short period of time increases the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, thickening the layer of greenhouse gases. This warms the earth and the seas which make more rainfall, melting the polar ice caps, creating floods, and destroying the earth. We see from this that even small events are irreversible and cause an impactNo because the relentless burning of fossil fuels continue to affect the climate systems which will continue to create anomalies in the global climatefeedback is how one or more variable affect the climate systems. for example, burning more fossil fuel will increase the greenhouse gases , warming up the earth and oceans causing more rainfall and so fortweather is how conditions are for upto a week in advance , climate is the overall general weather , conditions from a prolonged period of time- reduce fossil fuel burning, find another source of energy -reduce carbon emissions -place a monitor per family or individual and minimize the amount of carbon footprint per person ( by exception by government with cause) -plant more trees, focus on regrowth of vegetation G$&L r  + ; i  Hb'U@fw lE@00000002climate_knowledge_8posttest01`L@ lE@00000002climate_knowledge_7@Eposttest01`L@ lE@00000002climate_knowledge_6Whats feedback? lolposttest01ua@ lE@00000002climate_knowledge_5b@ Dposttest01`L@ lE@00000002climate_knowledge_4@Xposttest01`L@ lE@00000002climate_knowledge_3F@Xposttest01`L@ lE@00000002climate_knowledge_2@Xposttest01`L@ lE@00000002climate_knowledge_1@Wposttest01`L@ RE@00000002science-attitude-93posttest\L> RE@00000002science-attitude-83posttest\L> RE@00000002science-attitude-73posttest\L> RE@00000002science-attitude-63posttest\L> RE@00000002science-attitude-53posttest\L> RE@00000002science-attitude-43posttest\L> RE@00000002science-attitude-32posttest\L> RE@00000002science-attitude-23posttest\L> RE@00000002science-attitude-13posttest\L> ͫIE@00000012problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N ͫIE@00000012problem_solving_3@Wposttest02\H< ͫIE@00000012problem_solving_2@Wposttest02\H< ͫIE@00000012problem_solving_1@Wposttest02\H< ;A\E@00000014problem_solving_confidence1posttest02p\N ;A\E@00000014problem_solving_3@Wposttest02\H< ;A\E@00000014problem_solving_2@Uposttest02\H< ;A\E@00000014problem_solving_1,@Uposttest02\H<  E@00000014climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R  E@00000014climate_knowledge_10,@Uposttest01bNB  E@00000014climate_knowledge_9@ Dposttest01`L@  E@00000014climate_knowledge_8@ Dposttest01`L@  E@00000014climate_knowledge_7@Dposttest01`L@  E@00000014climate_knowledge_6@Uposttest01`L@  E@00000014climate_knowledge_5@Dposttest01`L@  E@00000014climate_knowledge_4@Bposttest01`L@  E@00000014climate_knowledge_3@Uposttest01`L@  E@00000014climate_knowledge_2@Aposttest01`L@  E@00000014climate_knowledge_1@ @posttest01`L@ LVALf rthe carbon cycle is the movement of carbon through a cycle. it emits oxygen and takes in C02greenhouse gases are gases such as carbon dioxide and methane that are in the earth's atmosphere. They are important for they help form our ozone layer keeping or letting out heat from the sun- Use environmentally sustainable means of retrieving energy/electricity (e.g hydro electricity, wind farms, solar electricity) so as to cut down on carbon emission. _Use natural gas (?) instead of methane or wood to burn in fires (in domestic fireplace) - use electric cars/bicycles for transport - put restrictions and heavier taxes on fuel, coal etcPLAN: - rebury soil - keep close to maintain comms In order to maintain the integrity of the planet and its topsoil, the robots should be cautious when digging so as to prevent the unnecessary disturbance of the topsoil They should also not exceed a certain distance of each other to maintain the communication channels. They can also create a network of underground tunnels so they can navigate through the planet more quickly , access more gold and also avoid disturbing the surface.No, because the wings of a butterfly are too small in scale to cause such major snowstorm. The butterfly's wings will cause movement in the air particles , but this movement will be microscopic and will eventually die out. It will not be strong enough to even move a piece of confetti. Furthermore, if this theory were true, wouldn't there be a snowstorm every time a butterfly flapped its wings? Yet, we see hardly any snowstorm therefore the answer to this question is NO. If conditions continue in this way, there is surely no future for our planet. we must put in measures for renewable sources of energy such as wind, solar and hydro because the level of carbon dioxide we are increasing in the air will take along time to recover if ever. this is why we need to resolve things now before it is too lateLVALL  Weather can be predicted with scientific devices but is is not always certainly accurate in measuring temperaturesFor the detection of gold on this planet to be the most effective, we should set up large bases with stronger communications (life wifi or home zone) so the robots can communicate better. Bases should should be set up so ranges are all covered. bases should also have sensors to detect gold so that robots are giving double detecting. Plus each robot should be assigned an area to concentrate on so gold can be found more efficientlya butterfly flapping its wings may cause winds but this wind is not strong enough to cause disaster plus snowstorm are caused by cool winds blowing due to the changing pressure in pressure systems. These stronger winds pick up strength as the move through different areas . Therefore a butterfly flapping its wings CANNOT start snowstorms due to the fact that snowstorms require naturally occurring strong winds.No. Global warming is causing a lot of problems in the world. The ice caps melting causes sea levels to rise displacing people who live on low land coastal areas. Food chains are deteriorating since animals hatching/birth time aren't aligned as they used to be, meaning the starvation and unefficient reproduction of other animals or the over population of some species.Weather can be predicted up to 1 week but it can still change. Forecasters can see how clouds are moving from satellite so they can predict its destination and what it will bring. (also pressure systems which are measured help predict were clouds are going)They are different. Weather comes in the form of rain, wind etc and can cause the wearing away of rocks and topsoil. Climate is temperature etc and can be measuredCarbon cycle is the recycling of carbon atoms which can be found in animals and plants - basically all living things are based on the carbon atom. 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These gases are released from cars and burning of coal for electricity and is causing global warming. They are important because global warming, we need to be aware of the change we are doingthe albedo effect shows how temperature decreases as less heat is absorbed into the ocean. how fossil fuels dramatically increase the C02 in the atmosphere therefore increasing the temperature of earth. the more cloud cover the less heat hits the ground -making sure the robots do not search an area that has already been search. Use of beans.. -good communication -try not to break anything -do not pollute the planet, don;t leave anything behind yes, it is possible. a butterfly can trigger a small wind that can develop into a large one. The wind pattern can move towards Alaska gathering wind speed. This is very unlikely.No. fossil fuels are polluting the earth. making the temperature rise steadily. even a small change in temperature will affect humans and animals and the environmentyes, but not very accurately. Scientist can predict the direction of wind and therefore where clouds are likely to from. They can predict the temperature quite accurately however, some of their predictions are incorrect as the wind patters are unpredictabledifferent. weather is the short term measurement of temperature, winds, cloud cover, rain, etc. climate is the long term general weather of an area average out. when animals breath out carbon dioxide and trees use the carbon dioxide to form oxygen. important to maintain the carbon dioxide levels and keep them relatively stablegreenhouse gases are gases that retain the heat, and trapping some of the heat from escaping into space. they are like a blanket and are formed from gases such as C02 methane and water vapor. they are important because without them the earth would be colder to the point of in-habitability in most areas g$.H v ; i * P v /Si3a&6ЩE@00000030science-attitude-83posttest\L> 6ЩE@00000030science-attitude-73posttest\L> 6ЩE@00000030science-attitude-63posttest\L> 6ЩE@00000030science-attitude-52posttest\L> 6ЩE@00000030science-attitude-42posttest\L> 6ЩE@00000030science-attitude-32posttest\L> 6ЩE@00000030science-attitude-22posttest\L> 6ЩE@00000030science-attitude-12posttest\L> GE@00000020problem_solving_confidence1posttest02p\N GE@00000020problem_solving_3I don't know sorry posttest02q]< GE@00000020problem_solving_2t@\posttest02\H< GE@00000020problem_solving_1@\posttest02\H< M1jE@00000020climate_knowledge_confidence1posttest01t`R M1jE@00000020climate_knowledge_10@\posttest01bNB M1jE@00000020climate_knowledge_9x@Fposttest01`L@ M1jE@00000020climate_knowledge_8X@Fposttest01`L@ M1jE@00000020climate_knowledge_7n@Fposttest01`L@ M1jE@00000020climate_knowledge_6h@Fposttest01`L@ M1jE@00000020climate_knowledge_5@Fposttest01`L@ M1jE@00000020climate_knowledge_4&@\posttest01`L@ M1jE@00000020climate_knowledge_3:@\posttest01`L@ M1jE@00000020climate_knowledge_2@\posttest01`L@ M1jE@00000020climate_knowledge_12@Zposttest01`L@ ^M<+E@00000022science-attitude-94posttest\L> ^M<+E@00000022science-attitude-84posttest\L> ^M<+E@00000022science-attitude-74posttest\L> ^M<+E@00000022science-attitude-64posttest\L> ^M<+E@00000022science-attitude-54posttest\L> ^M<+E@00000022science-attitude-44posttest\L> ^M<+E@00000022science-attitude-34posttest\L> ^M<+E@00000022science-attitude-24posttest\L> ^M<+E@00000022science-attitude-14posttest\L> ߦE@00000018problem_solving_confidence1posttest02p\N ߦE@00000018problem_solving_3@Zposttest02\H< ߦE@00000018problem_solving_2@Zposttest02\H< ߦE@00000018problem_solving_1d@Zposttest02\H< LVAL climate can not be predicted because it can happen at any time/place and it's changes could happen drasticallyGreenhouse gases are gases in the atmosphere that traps the reflected heat off the earth in the atmosphere to keep the earth sustainable for life. it is important as without these essential gases/water vapor life would not be sustainable on earth. when they is too much in the atmosphere this poses a problem for us as humans as the earth becomes warmer and warmerDepends how big the planet is program each robot to map a certain part of the planet and then complete each part. after the robots have all mapped out their parts, each section can be cleared at gold with the help of the other robot. now earth will be rich! robots don't get tired, but their batteries may run out?I am not sure whether it is possible or not, apparently this phrase 'a butterfly flaps its wings in Brazil, it will cause a snowstorm in Alaska' is a metaphor for saying a small event can cause a much bigger eventThe current global climate system is not stable because the greenhouse effect is warming up the earth quickly, lakes are drying up, snow is disappearing off mountains, spring is coming up early , the ice is melting and island are sinkingWeather can be predicted around 4-5 days ahead. but these readings may not always be accurate. People use specific equipment to measure the weatherweather is the measure of things over a short period of time e.g rain, sun, snow Climate is the measure over a long period of time e.g drought, tornadoes The carbon cycle is the cycle of carbon throughout the atmosphere. The carbon is emitted from us humans and animals, and the trees take in the carbon, Therefore there is an equal balance. But it is important because we have been cutting down trees and increasing our carbon level with gas from cars and coal factories, this is leading to an inequal balance and the greenhouse effect...$*P v / S e  DNrnMg,Z %tE@00000008science-attitude-53posttest\L>  %tE@00000008science-attitude-42posttest\L>  %tE@00000008science-attitude-34posttest\L>  %tE@00000008science-attitude-23posttest\L>  %tE@00000008science-attitude-13posttest\L> N[E@00000030problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N N[E@00000030problem_solving_3@`posttest02\H< N[E@00000030problem_solving_2@`posttest02\H< N[E@00000030problem_solving_1@_posttest02\H< E@00000022problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N E@00000022problem_solving_3@_posttest02\H< E@00000022problem_solving_2@_posttest02\H< E@00000022problem_solving_1maybe, highly , unlikelyposttest02vb< lE@00000030climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R lE@00000030climate_knowledge_10^@Pposttest01bNB lE@00000030climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ lE@00000030climate_knowledge_8The carbon in carbon cycleposttest01|h@ lE@00000030climate_knowledge_7@Lposttest01`L@ lE@00000030climate_knowledge_6@Iposttest01`L@ lE@00000030climate_knowledge_5l@Iposttest01`L@ lE@00000030climate_knowledge_4@Iposttest01`L@ lE@00000030climate_knowledge_3@Hposttest01`L@ lE@00000030climate_knowledge_2:@^posttest01`L@ lE@00000030climate_knowledge_1@ Fposttest01`L@ _!E@00000022climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R _!E@00000022climate_knowledge_10@^posttest01bNB _!E@00000022climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ _!E@00000022climate_knowledge_8posttest01`L@ _!E@00000022climate_knowledge_7(@^posttest01`L@ _!E@00000022climate_knowledge_6@^posttest01`L@ _!E@00000022climate_knowledge_5@^posttest01`L@ _!E@00000022climate_knowledge_4\@^posttest01`L@ _!E@00000022climate_knowledge_3@^posttest01`L@ _!E@00000022climate_knowledge_2@^posttest01`L@ _!E@00000022climate_knowledge_1@\posttest01`L@ 6ЩE@00000030science-attitude-93posttest\L> LVAL J, H b(albedo, fossil fuels, gases are examples of emergent properties in a climate systemdynamic equilibrium is the equal distribution in the atmosphereit is the cycle of the amount of carbon in the atmosphere, oceans and earth. It;s affected by the fossil fuels. It's important for the carbon to form a cycleNo it is increasing unstable as the C02 and greenhouse gases increase causing something called global warming. Global warming is quite detrimental to our earth as climate change is affecting various areas of peoples lives.dynamic equilibrium is when there are inputs and outputs to the climate system. It is dynamic as it is not stationary parts are moving in a system. positive-when fossil fuels are burnt , C02 are C02 in the air, trapping more sunlight heat and causing more ice to melt. This in turn means more heat is absorbed by the ocean that being reflected off the ice. Therefore, it is just a steady increase. negative- when it comes back to an equilibrium , ex, albedo so it is stable and not increasingyes, more so than weather because it is long term and is more stable. Using such systems like La nina or El nino or the air currents we can have an accurate measures of the climate and roughly what it will be like in the next years.yes it can be but to a certain extent. weather , since it is short term , it may be unpredictable and prone to change quickly. Scientist have ways of measuring such weather. they are different. Weather- short term state of a particular region including rainfall, wind , temperature, etc. Climate- long term state , can refer to a state, country or globally has profound impacts on how we can live our lives. includes droughts and flooding, etc.the carbon cycle is the cycle in which the carbon goes around . Trees produced oxygen and take in carbon.sheep/cattle release C02 , trees are burnt (fossil fuels) and the stored C02 is released back into the atmosphereLVALLH,it is not stable due to the amount of carbon dioxide being produced . the global climate is risingthe amount of sheep can be an affect from tragedy of commonsThis is not possible due to the minute force of the flaps of the butterfly's wings. This force cannot create a huge impact of a snowstorm Brazil is also very far from Alaska, thus the power of one butterfly cannot affect Alaska. the force stops before reaching Alaska- reduce consumption of fossil fuels -stable the world population as we all use material that contributes to the climate change -make everyone go vegetarian, less cattle that produces methane -plant more trees , takes in C02 , keep the level more stable -make a policy ( carbon tax or something similar) that will limit greenhouse gases in our atmosphere increasing this way there will be higher albedo, ratio of the amount reflected to the amount absorbed by the sea , and thus a lower overall temperature.rules /strategies - go in small groups tp communicate with each other ..this way they can cover small areas by splitting up the planets surface -once in group , split up into individual robots but keep within the range of distance from communicating -don't let any robot go off by itself looking for gold, this may cause confusion and isolation of one robot who may not be able to communicate with others -once they have got the gold, set a meeting place to deposit gold this way they won't have to leave gold behind as they are carrying bins can only hold certain amount -use teamwork to help each other , track where the gold is, eg, if the gold is out of range for 1 robot another one can direct it using its sensors -if one robot has his hands full, use his communication to ask another robot to come over and help him carry the gold -program them to go to different areas , so that a group of robots won't cover the same area that another group of robots has searched. LVAL 0Weather is the term used to describe atmosphere conditions in a small period of time. Climate in the term used to describe atmospheric conditions and patterns in prolonged period of time. There no, they are completely different terms.The carbon cycle is the cycle of carbon in our environment. this includes ocean absorption respiration. IDK. maybe because it balances the amount of CO2 in the airGreenhouse gases are certain gases in out atmosphere which filter excess UV light and trap heat to warm the earth. The absence of these gases would mean that the earth would not be able to heat up to certain temperature which can sustain plants, animals, us and other living organisms.I recommend that fossil fuel burning are controlled, not to disrupt the balance of carbon in the carbon cycle. we need to ensure the albedo is the right thickness so that sun rays are reflected back to space and absorbed into earth's atmosphere as well. This can ensure there is a decreased global warming. Global warming can affect the earth's climate causing ice caps to melt and the oceans to dry up. This has serious impacts on animals and water used for irrigation. It in turn affects housing and farms. Food/crops are affected, causing impacts on industries. we should maintain a dynamic equilibrium in climate systems. There should be a balance of trees, livestock and fossil fuels in climate systems to ensure good climates and weatherThe robots need a sensor which senses where the spaceship is , so that they can carry the gold back to the spaceship. They need to know when the carrying bin is full and a sensor to sense the unfinished place that it has dug before The robots should form a pattern when searching for gold to effectively ensure they find all the gold on the planet. The robots should be in groups so they can work together. However, the groups should all have a specific area to cover, ensuring effectiveness and efficiency.&$.\  ; a Q a &@n3a0V|.E@00000023climate_knowledge_8h@Uposttest01`L@ .E@00000023climate_knowledge_7@dposttest01`L@ .E@00000023climate_knowledge_6t@Rposttest01`L@ .E@00000023climate_knowledge_5@Pposttest01`L@ .E@00000023climate_knowledge_4\@dposttest01`L@ .E@00000023climate_knowledge_3They are differentposttest01t`@ .E@00000023climate_knowledge_2@bposttest01`L@ .E@00000023climate_knowledge_1@cposttest01`L@ E@00000023science-attitude-93posttest\L> E@00000023science-attitude-83posttest\L> E@00000023science-attitude-73posttest\L> E@00000023science-attitude-63posttest\L> E@00000023science-attitude-52posttest\L> E@00000023science-attitude-42posttest\L> E@00000023science-attitude-33posttest\L> E@00000023science-attitude-23posttest\L> E@00000023science-attitude-12posttest\L> iE@00000008problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N iE@00000008problem_solving_3posttest02\H< iE@00000008problem_solving_2@cposttest02\H< iE@00000008problem_solving_1@cposttest02\H< E@00000008climate_knowledge_confidence3posttest01t`R E@00000008climate_knowledge_10@bposttest01bNB E@00000008climate_knowledge_9I don't recall this . IDKposttest01{g@ E@00000008climate_knowledge_8I don't recall this . IDKposttest01{g@ E@00000008climate_knowledge_7@bposttest01`L@ E@00000008climate_knowledge_6@bposttest01`L@ E@00000008climate_knowledge_5@bposttest01`L@ E@00000008climate_knowledge_4N@bposttest01`L@ E@00000008climate_knowledge_3@`posttest01`L@ E@00000008climate_knowledge_2F@`posttest01`L@ E@00000008climate_knowledge_1:@`posttest01`L@  %tE@00000008science-attitude-94posttest\L>  %tE@00000008science-attitude-84posttest\L>  %tE@00000008science-attitude-74posttest\L>  %tE@00000008science-attitude-64posttest\L> ZLVAL jfbPvdynamic equilibrium is when all the parts of climate systems are working together and nothing is out of placeThe carbon cycle is the continuos flow of carbon atoms. This is because they are always moving and so the cycle starts when the atmospheric CO2 is heated up. When it heats up, it starts to rise and it must be replaced. The cooler CO2 rushes down to fill/replace the rising carbon and this creates a cycle. if the carbon rises, it cools as it gets higher in the atmosphere and so it rushes downthe current global climate system is relatively stable but i feel that due to daily emissions of green house gases by burning oil, coal, fuel reserves for energy is ruining or offsetting the delicate equilibrium/ balance of our weather patterns. there also more frequent episodes of natural disasters which have become more common after the excessive emission of CO2 into our atmosphereDynamic equilibrium example is when the oceanic absorption rate increases when CO2 in the air increases? Im sorry but i don't knowOne example of feedback is the albedo effect and water effect. Albedo refers to the proportion of sunlight reflected from the surface of the ice. The albedo controls the amount of heat absorbed and radiated into space. The water effect refers to emission of water vapour due to high temperatures. the water vapour is a form of feedback.climate, like weather, can be predicted to some extent. Due to the fact that climate is long term, it can make it easier to identify recurring events and when they occur such as high pressure systems, el nino or el nina phenomenon, with the aid of advanced technology, climate can be predicted to some extent by looking at recurring trends.Weather can be predicted to some extent however due to the instability of air masses it is difficult to accurately describe what conditions are likely to occur in the future in a fixed amount of time. However certain trends and patterns in data can be collected by advanced forecasting technolgyLVALfgreenhouse gases are the gases emitted from human actions that are heating up the earth. They play a role because that gases block UV rays from leaving the earth and so they are reflected into it surface of the earth. This causes the earth to heat up. When there are more greenhouse gases emitted, there are more UV rays being reflected/bounced back to Earthsome strategies that could be used to extract gold would be by ordering all robots to select a small space in a certain range and extract all gold there. then move to on to another area and repeat until the whole expanse of the planet has been covered. or another idea is landing the spaceship in different areas of the planet for a period of time and allowing the robots to scavenge the area and bring back gold and then changing the location of the spacecraft.I don't think that a butterfly flapping its wings in brazil can jiggle the air and cause snowstorm in Alaska. The first reason is obviously the miniscule movement of the butterfly wings , it is highly unlikely that the movement of the small butterfly would cause such a large scale event. Secondly, the distance is a major issue. The distance between Brazil and Alaska is thousands of kilometers and therefore it is very unlikely that the force of the butterfly's wings would create such an event from a distance thousands of kilometers . thirdly , the instability air patterns can mean there is no way to be exactly sure whether or not the snowstorm was caused by the butterfly. there must be other factors of greater contribution. Lastly, but not the least, are many daily disturbances to airflow around the world such as high pressure systems, hurricanes and storms. some of these large scale disturbances are only in a certain area and might not cause any weather problem in nearby countries. Therefore, I feel that the flapping of the butterfly's wings will not have a significant impact on altering weather patterns in a countries so far away.LVAL  V &They are different. weather is the current conditions of an area whilst climate is the average condition of a place, usually over a period of time.The carbon cycle is the system in which the carbon in our environment and atmosphere is converted into different forms. It is important because we need to monitor our used and emissions to make sure our environment is siustainableGreenhouse gases are the CO2 emissions that are trapped within our atmosphere. They are in the form of heat from sun rays and travel to the earth as infrared but are unable to leave the earth, causing global warming.Some recommendation are: 1. Reducing carbon emissions 2. Reducing fossil fuels 3. increasing the planting of trees /reducing deforestationThe Robots should maintain a systematic approach and should always stay in something like a straight line where the gap between them is equal. Every lap of the planet they should shuffle across a little to ensure that every centimetre of the planet is coveredA butterfly flapping its wings would jiggle the air in BRAZIL but would it be enough for a snowstorm? it could be enough if the butterfly flapped its wings at the same time a wind current was coming in and the 'jiggle' in the air could cause a change in the cycle causing it to have a major events in q country/(state) like AlaskaNo, it is not stable because fossil fuels usage keeps rising and when it rises, the entire system can become unstable and it will disturb the equilibrium of the system.An example of dynamic equilibrium is the level of carbon dioxide to the temperature of the Earth. If the level of carbon is disturbed by a factor like fossil fuels, it can affect the temperature since more of the sun's rays will be reflected back to earthweather can be predicted because of the satellites we have. This technology allows us to fully examine and take an educated guess about the weather at least a week in advance9$r G a & T  ?eDT3a"""bE@00000025science-attitude-52posttest\L> """bE@00000025science-attitude-42posttest\L> """bE@00000025science-attitude-32posttest\L> """bE@00000025science-attitude-23posttest\L> """bE@00000025science-attitude-12posttest\L> +E@00000016problem_solving_confidence1posttest02p\N +E@00000016problem_solving_3@fposttest02\H< +E@00000016problem_solving_2@fposttest02\H< +E@00000016problem_solving_1@fposttest02\H< `E@00000016climate_knowledge_confidence1posttest01t`R `E@00000016climate_knowledge_10@Uposttest01bNB `E@00000016climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ `E@00000016climate_knowledge_8posttest01`L@ `E@00000016climate_knowledge_7@fposttest01`L@ `E@00000016climate_knowledge_6@fposttest01`L@ `E@00000016climate_knowledge_5 @fposttest01`L@ `E@00000016climate_knowledge_4@fposttest01`L@ `E@00000016climate_knowledge_3&@dposttest01`L@ `E@00000016climate_knowledge_2@dposttest01`L@ `E@00000016climate_knowledge_1@dposttest01`L@ @PE@00000016science-attitude-93posttest\L> @PE@00000016science-attitude-83posttest\L> @PE@00000016science-attitude-73posttest\L> @PE@00000016science-attitude-62posttest\L> @PE@00000016science-attitude-52posttest\L> @PE@00000016science-attitude-42posttest\L> @PE@00000016science-attitude-33posttest\L> @PE@00000016science-attitude-23posttest\L> @PE@00000016science-attitude-13posttest\L> (\E@00000023problem_solving_confidence1posttest02p\N (\E@00000023problem_solving_3@dposttest02\H< (\E@00000023problem_solving_2@dposttest02\H< (\E@00000023problem_solving_1@dposttest02\H< .E@00000023climate_knowledge_confidence1posttest01t`R .E@00000023climate_knowledge_10P@dposttest01bNB .E@00000023climate_knowledge_9!I still don't know what this isposttest01m@ LVALR 2 x dt'tragedy of the commons' is when something that is usually in balance falls out of place.I recommend that everyone should be educated about climate change, and use models to graph and determine the positive and negative effects we're having on our environment. also, know and understand the effects of human actions such as fossil fuel burning on our environment, and find ways to keep our planet sustainable longerEach robot should communicate with each other and tell each other which areas have been explored and searched for gold, so the mission is faster and no robots will be searching one place over and over when another robot has already searched there. Also the robots should return to the spaceships once their carrying bin is full to avoid using any of the goldIt is not possible for one butterfly flapping its wings to reach such an effect but if there were million of butterflies flPPING t the same time and for a long period of time, then this is a possibilitydynamic equilibrium is the balance between factors of the environment, for example, the relationship between trees using up carbon and producing oxygen. there has to be a sustainable number of trees to balance out the number of humans and animals using up the oxygenFeedback is the change(positive/negative) in the environment that reflects other factors. For example, the more sheep there are consuming oxygen, the more carbon they exhale, for the trees, thus creating positive feedbackNo, climate is the average conditions of a particular region. climate can't be predicted because the conditions will stay approximately the sameYes, using models and graphs. We can use previous data/records to predict future weather patterns. we can also use satellites to track the movement of clouds, for example. However, the accuracy of weather predictions can't be guaranteed as there are other factors that could influence the environment that we haven't predicted i'e strong winds%%.\  ; a  . \!O}.\!O}%E@00000029science-attitude-94posttest\L> %E@00000029science-attitude-83posttest\L> %E@00000029science-attitude-73posttest\L> %E@00000029science-attitude-63posttest\L> %E@00000029science-attitude-52posttest\L> %E@00000029science-attitude-43posttest\L> %E@00000029science-attitude-33posttest\L> %E@00000029science-attitude-23posttest\L> %E@00000029science-attitude-13posttest\L> M<+E@00000025problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N M<+E@00000025problem_solving_3@iposttest02\H< M<+E@00000025problem_solving_2@hposttest02\H< M<+E@00000025problem_solving_1@hposttest02\H< QE@00000013science-attitude-94posttest\L> QE@00000013science-attitude-84posttest\L> QE@00000013science-attitude-74posttest\L> QE@00000013science-attitude-64posttest\L> QE@00000013science-attitude-54posttest\L> QE@00000013science-attitude-42posttest\L> QE@00000013science-attitude-33posttest\L> QE@00000013science-attitude-23posttest\L> QE@00000013science-attitude-13posttest\L> SE@00000025climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R SE@00000025climate_knowledge_10@_posttest01bNB SE@00000025climate_knowledge_9x@_posttest01`L@ SE@00000025climate_knowledge_8@ ^posttest01`L@ SE@00000025climate_knowledge_7~@^posttest01`L@ SE@00000025climate_knowledge_6@hposttest01`L@ SE@00000025climate_knowledge_5@\posttest01`L@ SE@00000025climate_knowledge_4@Xposttest01`L@ SE@00000025climate_knowledge_3l@hposttest01`L@ SE@00000025climate_knowledge_2@Wposttest01`L@ SE@00000025climate_knowledge_1l@hposttest01`L@ """bE@00000025science-attitude-93posttest\L> """bE@00000025science-attitude-83posttest\L> """bE@00000025science-attitude-72posttest\L> """bE@00000025science-attitude-62posttest\L> ZLVAL( 2rtDynamic equilibrium in the climate include the amount of fossil fuels burnt. The albedo of the land is also highly influential.the robots would need are the ability to cooperate, wheels to travel on and effectively put the gold in a safe place after it has been dug out. If the robots could talk to each other, they could easily hand each other the amounts of gold so that it could be stored in their spaceship quicker. The wheels are needed for them to glide across the planet otherwise they would be able to travel out at all. Once they sense the gold, dig it up and put it in their bin. they should go to their spaceship and put the gold in a safer place. if not the gold might fall out of their bin and they will be left with none.butterflies are insect with wings which allow them to fly. they flap their wings in large swarms because it enables them to travel to other places faster. In Brazil, where there are millions of butterflies , it has been said that when they flap their wings together they can cause a snowstorm in Alaska. Firstly, butterflies are very fast creatures, thus makes it easy for them to flap their wings in incredible speed. with this ability , a swarm of butterflies can produce large amount of wind gushes. Secondly, Brazil has a warm climate zone. In warm area winds are much more emphasized and can become storms. If the butterflies were to flap their wings together in a swarm the strong winds could then travel to Alaska an cause a minor snowstorm.an example of feedback can be water feedback which tells us the amount of moisture in the atmosphere based on how much of something is releasedthey are different. weather is based on the earth temperature and how it affects an individual zone. example of weather storm, for example winds, clouds, rainstorms, heat waves, etc.greenhouse gases are emitted fossil fuel in our atmosphere. they build up and are trapped in the ozone layer. these green house gases cause the earth to heat up , thus global warmingBLVAL x hdthese are gases in the atmosphere which help trap heat from the sun rays to keep the earth at a relatively warm and stable temperature. An excess of greenhouse gases causes a rise in temperature, as the suns' rays are nor able to be reflected back onto spaceno, it is not. there is a determined climate for every area, however the gradual rising temperatures and 'climate change' are altering the climate system of the worldEmergent properties are what stand out in climate systems, for example, if there is a break in a trend or an anomaly in a pattern.Examples of feedback can include water feedback which tells us the amount of moisture in the atmosphere based on how much of something is releasedno, because climate is determined using weather patterns of an area. It requires observation and research and cannot simply be predicted.Yes, it can be predicted. firstly, for example if the climate of an area is cold and wet, it can be predicted that there will be many rainy days, weather can also be predicted by observing the past few days and making a judgementNo, they are different. Climate is typical description of weather conditions in an area and provides a general guideline. weather is the specific events of an area and can vary; climate is an average of generalisation of these eventsThe carbon cycle is the movement of carbon through all parts of the earth. it is important because everything is comprised of carbon and we need to know how it affects life on earthGreenhouse gases are those that are associated with the green house effect. They become trapped in the atmosphere due to global warming, and heat the earth's surface like greenhouse. these include carbon dioxide . they are important for us to know what is associated with global warming and how it is affecting our planet.- if there is a destination to go to which is 500m away, must not use a car unless elderly or disabled -air conditioner should not be turned on for over an hour - lower use of C02 N$&L r  + ; a  @fv ;UHv OE@00000029problem_solving_1@mposttest02\H<  E@00000007science-attitude-94posttest\L>  E@00000007science-attitude-84posttest\L>  E@00000007science-attitude-73posttest\L>  E@00000007science-attitude-62posttest\L>  E@00000007science-attitude-52posttest\L>  E@00000007science-attitude-42posttest\L>  E@00000007science-attitude-33posttest\L>  E@00000007science-attitude-24posttest\L>  E@00000007science-attitude-13posttest\L> 5hE@00000013problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N 5hE@00000013problem_solving_3\@lposttest02\H< 5hE@00000013problem_solving_2P@lposttest02\H< 5hE@00000013problem_solving_1X@lposttest02\H< YE@00000029climate_knowledge_confidence3posttest01t`R YE@00000029climate_knowledge_10(@kposttest01bNB YE@00000029climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ YE@00000029climate_knowledge_8@kposttest01`L@ YE@00000029climate_knowledge_7N@kposttest01`L@ YE@00000029climate_knowledge_62@kposttest01`L@ YE@00000029climate_knowledge_5@kposttest01`L@ YE@00000029climate_knowledge_4@kposttest01`L@ YE@00000029climate_knowledge_38@kposttest01`L@ YE@00000029climate_knowledge_2@kposttest01`L@ YE@00000029climate_knowledge_1@ iposttest01`L@ E@00000013climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R E@00000013climate_knowledge_10L@iposttest01bNB E@00000013climate_knowledge_9@fposttest01`L@ E@00000013climate_knowledge_8@iposttest01`L@ E@00000013climate_knowledge_7@bposttest01`L@ E@00000013climate_knowledge_6$@iposttest01`L@ E@00000013climate_knowledge_5@iposttest01`L@ E@00000013climate_knowledge_4@iposttest01`L@ E@00000013climate_knowledge_3@iposttest01`L@ E@00000013climate_knowledge_2j@iposttest01`L@ E@00000013climate_knowledge_1@iposttest01`L@ LVALd , L .the current global climate system is not stable. there has been a sudden rise in C02 in the atmosphere, and more greenhouse gases which has caused the rise in temperature. this affects the global climate system and the continued rising of temperature is causing global warmingemergence is where a pattern is observed at micro level, which can not be seen at a larger scale. For example, the movement of heat particles in a circular motion , rising at the land and sinking at the sea is emergent propertythe movement of C02 particles in the climate system. Although the total amountr remains the same, C02, particles are always moving between the land, sea and atmosphereif the sun's rays melt the ice , and the amount of ice decreased, this results in less rays being reflected into space. This causes rising temperature and the cycle continues. this is an example of negative feedback, as the cycle is pushing further away from a state of equilibriumclimate can be predicted with more accuracy that weather. This is because if there is enough data and a trend , we can predict climate. also as climate refers to patterns over a long period of time , it can be predicted more easily by looking for patterns in pasts years weather can be predicted but to a limited degree, usually for only a week. Meteorologist can use satellites to help predict weather but because weather is so complicated and relies on so many factors, the predictions are not always accurateweather is day to day events such as rain , sunshine, clouds and thunderstorms. climate is a pattern over a prolonged period of time such as annual rainfallthe carbon cycle is the movement of carbon particles between the living and non-living parts of the environment. It is important to keep a balance of the amount of carbon being used and the stored carbon. for example, carbon is used by a sheep, in the atmosphere and is also a stored as the remains of ancient trees under the ground LVAL Xfweather only last for a short period of time. climate is more long termEmergent properties are the factors that start to influence climate change.firstly, based on the observation, the first that needs to be controlled is CO2 usage. CO2 is primarily associated with rises in temperature of the earth and accelerates global warming. deforestation also contributes to the problem, with CO2 levels increasing as the number of trees decreases. to reduce greenhouses gas emissions, there should be limits to how much coal factories can burn, and how much waste is disposed of in the ocean. water usage also need to be monitored to prevent droughts and drier climates. the albedo rate also needs to be observedFirstly, the robots should be programmed to not exceed a certain distance for a certain period of time. this way, all the robots cans search together and are able to communicate together constantly, as they are not far apart. the gold will be effectively collected as all robots will be together and work quickly. after a period of a few hours, the robots should relocate to a different area and repeat the same process. they should send signals to earth. each robot should also make the counting process easier. each time they visit an area, the robots should return to the spaceship and store their gold. this way, the collection of the gold will be easy effective and efficientthis can possible, but only on a much larger or much smaller scale. if one million butterflies flap their wings, this would have a much greater effect on this. it can also be said that the flapping of the wings could move air towards Alaska. one butterfly would not affect anything by itself. if the flapping of the wings led to more actions which the caused the snowstorm, this would be more plausible. this called 'the butterfly effect'. only a chain of events could build up to a snowstorm starting at the butterfly, but not the butterfly's wings alone.*LVAL >fossil fuel burning should be kept at a minimum , as the greenhouse gases and carbon emissions are causing a rise in the global temperature. More trees should be planted as they help use the C02 and thus lower the global temperature. agriculture is contributing to the greenhouse gases significantly , as shown by the sheep in the models. cutting down of agriculture or at least improving practices will be vital for the climate policythe robots should be equipped with a device which allows human on earth to monitor them and have control over them. a small camera should be attached to each robot, sending an image every few minutes so we can monitor the progress being made. the robots should have sensors so they can mark their own territory to search. this way, the robots will be able to search more efficiently . the spaceship should emit noise every few seconds , so the robots are able to find their way back to the spaceship. there should be a large container in the main spaceship n, where the gold can be brought back and emptied in. there should also be a machine which sifts through the gold and remove any rocks or dirt. so that they can be dumped elsewhere. this way the spaceship does not have as much to carry and there is more room for the gold. the idea that a butterfly flapping its wings in Brazil can jiggle the air and then help cause snowstorm in Alaska is not possible. while this can be possible on a much smaller scale, and does have origins in facts. the effect of the butterfly is much too little to have an effect on a snowstorm so far away. the movement of the air will cause the surrounding air to move to move as well and have repercussions on a small scale. for example, waving a fan will cause a small breeze if it is next to your face, however, this is on a much smaller scale, and even then,the breeze is too small to help cause a snowstorm . also the distance between the two countries is far too big for the repercussions of the air moving to have an effect on a snowstorm. X$.D j # I m  4b'U<bE@00000027climate_knowledge_9 @qposttest01`L@ E@00000027climate_knowledge_8~@qposttest01`L@ E@00000027climate_knowledge_7@qposttest01`L@ E@00000027climate_knowledge_6@qposttest01`L@ E@00000027climate_knowledge_5@qposttest01`L@ E@00000027climate_knowledge_4@qposttest01`L@ E@00000027climate_knowledge_3^@qposttest01`L@ E@00000027climate_knowledge_2@qposttest01`L@ E@00000027climate_knowledge_1@qposttest01`L@ 5/E@00000027science-attitude-93posttest\L> 5/E@00000027science-attitude-83posttest\L> 5/E@00000027science-attitude-73posttest\L> 5/E@00000027science-attitude-63posttest\L> 5/E@00000027science-attitude-52posttest\L> 5/E@00000027science-attitude-43posttest\L> 5/E@00000027science-attitude-33posttest\L> 5/E@00000027science-attitude-22posttest\L> 5/E@00000027science-attitude-13posttest\L> |E@00000007problem_solving_confidence3posttest02p\N |E@00000007problem_solving_3@pposttest02\H< |E@00000007problem_solving_2@pposttest02\H< |E@00000007problem_solving_1@pposttest02\H< 8&E@00000007climate_knowledge_confidence3posttest01t`R 8&E@00000007climate_knowledge_10`@oposttest01bNB 8&E@00000007climate_knowledge_9@oposttest01`L@ 8&E@00000007climate_knowledge_8@lposttest01`L@ 8&E@00000007climate_knowledge_7@hposttest01`L@ 8&E@00000007climate_knowledge_6\@oposttest01`L@ 8&E@00000007climate_knowledge_5R@oposttest01`L@ 8&E@00000007climate_knowledge_42@oposttest01`L@ 8&E@00000007climate_knowledge_3@oposttest01`L@ 8&E@00000007climate_knowledge_2@oposttest01`L@ 8&E@00000007climate_knowledge_1 @oposttest01`L@ OE@00000029problem_solving_confidence3posttest02p\N OE@00000029problem_solving_3f@mposttest02\H< OE@00000029problem_solving_2|@mposttest02\H< LVAL t h |The current global climate is definitely not sustainable. As the icecaps are melting, all the temperature does is rise. If we continue this, the sea levels will rise along with the temperature. A lot of animal species will die, causing a break in the food chain which will soon effect human food sources.They are common things that everyday people do for example, driving cars (producing CO2) that are changing the ozone layer and the level of rays are reflected back to the earth causing climate change.Feedback in climate change is the different things that are affected from the change. This could be, population decrease/increase, animal population, temperature and weather.Climate usually can't be predicted. It is a prolonged type depending on the areas location on the earth. Drastic climate change is hard to predict and nearly impossible.Weather is able to be predicted. By looking at the clouds and, wind flows, it is usually possible to predict the weather however it isn't always correct.Weather and climate are NOT the same. Weather: changes in the rainfall that vary and change either daily or even hourly. They are like rain, sun, cloudy. It can usually be predicted. Climate: long lasting types of air and rainfall. They usually don't change for long period of time. Example wet climate, dry climate. The carbon cycle is the cycle where carbon dioxide is turned into oxygen through the trees. The trees absorb the CO2 and release oxygen however when the leaves are falling in Autumn, the CO2 comes back out. The cycle is important because it allows us to have enough oxygen to breathe and also less CO2 in the atmosphere.Greenhouse gases are gases like carbon dioxide that are produced by humans, mostly from burning fossil fuels that adds to the ozone layer. Without the thickening, the earth would be way too cold to live in. Therefore it is important we have our greenhouse gases.LVAL byes, weather can be predicted . weather shows sign of change , el nino, la ninaAs a member of a United Nation committee, I would constantly remind everyone to stop using so much energy. In order to raise awareness, all schools are compulsory to study the topic of climate change and ads on television and before movies are to be shown. Collecting precise data is necessary and it is important to acknowledge the problems to everyone. There should be competitions for the People of the world to participate in, trying to think of ways to help global warming. The winner would recieve a prize and the ideas can be put to thought and consideration by scientists. Most important is to always make sure people are aware of all the problems the Earth will face if we keep living the unsustainable lifestyle.-Each robot should have a tracking device. -If one robot has a malfunction, it should magnetically attract two other robots that have been assigned to stay close to each other so that they can join and go back to home base (space craft) -Send constant pictures/statistics back to Earth whenever possible. -emergency button to stop all processing. -robots shut down when malfunctioning, however the tract device still works. -When the gold is dug out, examine extremely carefully before adding to pile.Although the theory is fairly controversal and many argue both sides, I believe that the theory is most definitely not true. My first reason is because of the little impact the butterfly would have on the earth. Unless there are about 7,000,000 butterflys, flapping their wings at exactly the same time, causing a MASSIVE gush of wind to Alaska, it is quite impossible that one little butterfly could start a snowstorm. Also, the snowstorm are determined by clouds from different places. If a butterfly flapping its wing in Brazil can start a snowstorm, what would happen if a bird flaping it's wings? It is just an impossible theory.LVAL j @ v v(climate can be predicted, climate stations or collected info about the weatherTragedy of commons is the fact that some aspects of the climate system are affected so badly that it can't go back to the way it was originally.Emergent properties in climate systems are the fact that although individual air particles look like they are moving in random directions, as a mass they are all moving in the same direction.The way carbon moves in the climate systems is an example of dynamic equilibrium. Even though individual carbon particles never stay in the same place, the amount of carbon is kept consistent, or equal.Feedback in the climate system can be the way water is evaporated (which then becomes a greenhouse gas), traps more heat in the atmosphere, causing more water to evaporate, trapping more heat in the atmosphere, and so on.Climate can be predicted, more so than the weather, because it is gradual and we can examine the factors that goes into the changing climate and figure out how the climate will change in the future. Factors such as the atmospher or greenhouse gas emission.Weather is hard to predict because it can be very random and fluctuate a lot, but the general weather for the next few days is possible to find because we can relate changes in weather to things such as winds, oceans, atmosphere,Weather and climate are different. Weather can change from day to day, and isn't always consistent, while climate is the general weather (like an average) of a specific place.The carbon cycle is the cycle in which carbon goes through the atmosphere, earth and ocean It is important because carbon is an important element int the world and the way the carbon is moving around the world can affect everyone.Greenhouse gases are gases released into the atmosphere that keep the heat radiated to us by the sun, trapped in the atmosphere. They are important because they keep the earth at a warm livable climate. FLVALd dBbNo, weather is specific in terms of place, time and date, while climate takes place in a wider range of settingsThe carbon cycle is a closed cycle of carbon atoms constantly being transferred between organisms.common sense tells me that this is not possibleno, global warming and climate change creates a tipping point and the world will endwater feedback when the water warms and create greenhouse gases (evapoartion) this is negative feedback A butterfly flapping its wings in one area and largely affecting an area in another part of the world is called the butterfly effect. The theory that changes in one place causes a domino effect that causes changes in another place. Small changes - even a butterflies wings changing the air around it with the flap of its wings, can instigate an assorted of other changes as a result of this small changes in the air around it. The small change in the air can affect the air next to it, which might affect the larger amount of air next to it, which could instigate wind, breeze or change in temperate in the atmosphere or ocean, all of these changes stack up to create a situation in which a snowstorm occurs in another part of the world, in this case, Alaska. This theory is evident in relation to the climate systems - one small change can end up changing and effecting the entire system. It may not be as dramatic a snowstorm, but it has the potential to be. The Butterfly effect is in our everyday life, if we do something slightly different in the morning, it could change how entire day works out. The point is, small changes can effect something only slightly bigger, which may affect something that is only lightly bigger, and it keeps going until the changes become more prominent - which can result in an snowstorm. The current global system is not completely stable, because an increase in greenhouse gas emission affect the way in which the air, water and carbon particles behave, and causes it to not remain consistent.^$> X  K y  : `?cy*Xz*pF@00000064science-attitude-63posttest\L> z*pF@00000064science-attitude-54posttest\L> z*pF@00000064science-attitude-44posttest\L> z*pF@00000064science-attitude-33posttest\L> z*pF@00000064science-attitude-23posttest\L> z*pF@00000064science-attitude-13posttest\L> y@NE@00000019problem_solving_confidence1posttest02p\N y@NE@00000019problem_solving_3@tposttest02\H< y@NE@00000019problem_solving_2@@uposttest02\H< y@NE@00000019problem_solving_1^@rposttest02\H< 7E@00000019climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R 7E@00000019climate_knowledge_10@rposttest01bNB 7E@00000019climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ 7E@00000019climate_knowledge_8posttest01`L@ 7E@00000019climate_knowledge_7*@uposttest01`L@ 7E@00000019climate_knowledge_6@rposttest01`L@ 7E@00000019climate_knowledge_5@ qposttest01`L@ 7E@00000019climate_knowledge_4@pposttest01`L@ 7E@00000019climate_knowledge_3@lposttest01`L@ 7E@00000019climate_knowledge_2@uposttest01`L@ 7E@00000019climate_knowledge_1@uposttest01`L@ E@00000019science-attitude-93posttest\L> E@00000019science-attitude-83posttest\L> E@00000019science-attitude-74posttest\L> E@00000019science-attitude-63posttest\L> E@00000019science-attitude-52posttest\L> E@00000019science-attitude-43posttest\L> E@00000019science-attitude-33posttest\L> E@00000019science-attitude-23posttest\L> E@00000019science-attitude-13posttest\L> =E@00000027problem_solving_confidence3posttest02p\N =E@00000027problem_solving_3F@uposttest02\H< =E@00000027problem_solving_2 @tposttest02\H< =E@00000027problem_solving_1 @rposttest02\H< E@00000027climate_knowledge_confidence3posttest01t`R E@00000027climate_knowledge_10@rposttest01bNB LVAL &The carbon cycle is the everlasting process of the gas molecules changing form. it undergoes different form such as energy for photosynthesis in plants and oxygen for animalsGreen house gases are gases in the atmosphere that trap incoming solar radiation on Earth in order for a stable temperature on Earth. They're important because they keep the Earth from freezing...maximum of 2 child policy. carbon tax to reduce carbon emissions. aim to reduc greenhouse gases, reduce evaporation (increase albedo effect), reduce carbon emission ( reduce use of petroleum cars, reduce fossil fuelling, slowdown logging/ deforestration Gold deposits tend to be far underground the more you dig it up - after the gold fairly close to the surface has been dug up, and the sensors don't pick up any traces of gold anywhere, the robots should all meet in an area such as the spaceship and split off into groups, where they will then use 'man'power to dig up the gold that is further underground. Before all this however they would communicate with each other to tell each other if they have exhausted the amount of gold in the area (thats not too deep for one robot to find). Then, as a group, the robots will move to another section of the planet, doing the same thing they did in the first area. They will try and find as much gold that they can reach in an area so they can communicate with one another. They should proceed this way until they're gone over the entire planet, afterwhich they will separate into groups and start to dig deeper for gold. However there would be an issue as to how much gold each robot could carry if it had only one carrying bin, which wouldn't be able to store all the gold if they were to go over the entire planet. There would have to be one brave robot who would in waves, take the gold back to the spaceship. As the group of robots moved further away from the spaceship, the more robots they would send to transport the gold (for safety measures, and so the robots can keep each other company :) )LVAL$that every robot must stay in range of 2 other robots. Tell the robots that you only live once and if they don't find all the gold within the time limit , they'll all die , teah scare the robots. equip robots with solar power boards so they can work faster with the frequent solar flares.carbon and oxygen cycle its constantly changing, produces carbon dioxide, trees absorb the carbon dioxide then exhales oxygen which is then absorbed.the carbon cycle is the cycle of carbon within the atmosphere. it is important because we need a healthy carbon cycle for a healthy planetgreenhouse gases are gases which contribute to the greenhouse effect and essential global warming and climate change. They are important because they contribute entirely to global warming and climate change and those are the issues majorly affecting out lives today and will continue to affect our future if no-one put a stop to it First of all, and most obviously, the amount of greenhouse gases emitted must be brought down to a consistent rate, that is very low, so that the greenhouse gases won't affect the climate and force it to change dramatically. Renewable energy should predominantly be used to keep the energy we use at a sustainable level. The temperature of the air, the carbon in the atmosphere and ocean all are affected by the greenhouse gas emission. We will only increase use of greenhouse gas emission in the future, so it is essential we cut down on the greenhouse gases now, by making use of renewable energy. The amount of trees we cut down will also affect the state of our climate if we keep getting rid of them. They help keep the carbon equal in the carbon cycle and in relation to dynamic equilibrium. The key is to keep our environment at a level in which it can sustain itself - which we can help to do by refraining from pumping loads of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, and getting rid of something that can help control the situation - trees.^$.X ~  7 ] . \!Oy 2X~ F@00000075problem_solving_1X@xposttest02\H< !N&F@00000075climate_knowledge_confidence1posttest01t`R !N&F@00000075climate_knowledge_10noposttest01fRB !N&F@00000075climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ !N&F@00000075climate_knowledge_8posttest01`L@ !N&F@00000075climate_knowledge_7posttest01`L@ !N&F@00000075climate_knowledge_6@xposttest01`L@ !N&F@00000075climate_knowledge_5@xposttest01`L@ !N&F@00000075climate_knowledge_4@xposttest01`L@ !N&F@00000075climate_knowledge_3@rposttest01`L@ !N&F@00000075climate_knowledge_2\@tposttest01`L@ !N&F@00000075climate_knowledge_1@wposttest01`L@ $F@00000077science-attitude-94posttest\L> $F@00000077science-attitude-84posttest\L> $F@00000077science-attitude-74posttest\L> $F@00000077science-attitude-63posttest\L> $F@00000077science-attitude-52posttest\L> $F@00000077science-attitude-42posttest\L> $F@00000077science-attitude-32posttest\L> $F@00000077science-attitude-22posttest\L> $F@00000077science-attitude-12posttest\L> N1jxF@00000075science-attitude-93posttest\L> #<F@00000064climate_knowledge_confidence3posttest01t`R #<F@00000064climate_knowledge_10B@wposttest01bNB #<F@00000064climate_knowledge_9@wposttest01`L@ #<F@00000064climate_knowledge_8@wposttest01`L@ #<F@00000064climate_knowledge_7@wposttest01`L@ #<F@00000064climate_knowledge_6@wposttest01`L@ #<F@00000064climate_knowledge_58@wposttest01`L@ #<F@00000064climate_knowledge_4h@wposttest01`L@ #<F@00000064climate_knowledge_3@wposttest01`L@ #<F@00000064climate_knowledge_2@rposttest01`L@ #<F@00000064climate_knowledge_1@tposttest01`L@ z*pF@00000064science-attitude-91posttest\L> z*pF@00000064science-attitude-81posttest\L> z*pF@00000064science-attitude-73posttest\L> LVAL |  Greenhouse gases are gases released when there is a certain activity. it is vital to our lives because it is an important factor in the carbon cycle keeping the environment of the earth sustainableThe current global climate system isn't stable, because CO2 is constantly being released into the atmosphere, strengthening the effects of greenhouse effect. If this continiues tom happen without trying to reverse the effects, a) the fossil fuels will run out and b0temperatures will rise.Tragedy of the commons are resources that have no 'owner' so countries deplete and ruin them without restoring and replenishing (air,water).Emergent properties in the climate system relates to the 'circle of air' that occurs where land meets the ocean. The air is simply reacting to the enviroment it's placed in (over cool water or hot land) but when looked at a macro-level, it shows a recurring cycle.Dynamic equilibrium in climate systems would relate to CO2 in the atmosphere and the CO2 in the ocean. They both remain equal with each other constantly, but isn't a static equilibrium because carbon is constantly being exchanged between the atmosphere and ocean.Feedback in climate systems is where something is put in and something is received in a loop...I forgot... I remember the ants model though where the ants chemical trail helped the colony efficiently and effectively find food.Climate can be predicted more accurately then weather. Climate shows a trend/pattern over a long period of time and can therefore continue and be predicted.Weather can be predicted to a certain extent (1 week into the future) but is not always accurate. You can track the movement of preassure systems but is again, not always accurate.Weather and climate are different. Weather is the atmospheric movement at a particular time. Climate is the pattern of temperatures over a long period of time. Weather varies more than climate.LVAL,H 0 f$weather is the immediate atmospheric conditions , whereas, climate is far more general statistic over longer period of timesGreenhouse gases are particles in the air that are product of human activity, ex carbon and water vapor. They can disturb processess on eart and the earth's equilibriumFrom the information gathered , it is suggested that there are changes that can be made by human to reduce climate change and global warming. It is ideal to reduce burning of fossil fuels, reducing factories-main source of pollution. Also, thought should be put with the carbon tax. and people should be put to vote for it. More trees can be planted and there should be a day when everyone rests and plant a tree eachrelating to the ant model. the programs of the robot can be designed so that, the robots find a large amount. it can leave chemicals or scents on the ground so that the other robots can follow the tracks. There should also be a program where sensors are attached to the robots so that they do not crash into each other , relating to the bird flocking model.the term is not to be taken literally but more thought should be put in to determine the true meaning. A butterfly can not cause a snowstorm in Alaska, however, if taken metaphorically it shows the concept of altering a factor which can change the whole systems of problems. it explains that effort should be put in to overcome global warming. so that the small changes we make in our actions can actually make a big difference.feedback is systems are when there is an income from what was originally the outcome. am example is the climate systems would be when the temperature of the land and sea increases as the cloud cover and albedo rates reduced.climate can be predicted however, it is able to change , unlike weather. It is only estimated from past recordingsweather can be predicted . There are estimations that can be made through past weather or satellite images %.H v ; i & L r+;iHv ;e|hF@00000077climate_knowledge_1@{posttest01`L@ !CeGF@00000073science-attitude-94posttest\L> !CeGF@00000073science-attitude-84posttest\L> !CeGF@00000073science-attitude-74posttest\L> !CeGF@00000073science-attitude-64posttest\L> !CeGF@00000073science-attitude-54posttest\L> !CeGF@00000073science-attitude-43posttest\L> !CeGF@00000073science-attitude-34posttest\L> !CeGF@00000073science-attitude-23posttest\L> !CeGF@00000073science-attitude-13posttest\L>  AF@00000081problem_solving_confidence1posttest02p\N  AF@00000081problem_solving_3B@{posttest02\H<  AF@00000081problem_solving_2@zposttest02\H<  AF@00000081problem_solving_1posttest02\H< F@00000081climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R F@00000081climate_knowledge_10@zposttest01bNB F@00000081climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ F@00000081climate_knowledge_8posttest01`L@ F@00000081climate_knowledge_7posttest01`L@ F@00000081climate_knowledge_6r@zposttest01`L@ F@00000081climate_knowledge_5 @zposttest01`L@ F@00000081climate_knowledge_4 @zposttest01`L@ F@00000081climate_knowledge_3r@zposttest01`L@ F@00000081climate_knowledge_2 @zposttest01`L@ F@00000081climate_knowledge_1P@xposttest01`L@ dF@00000081science-attitude-93posttest\L> dF@00000081science-attitude-83posttest\L> dF@00000081science-attitude-73posttest\L> dF@00000081science-attitude-63posttest\L> dF@00000081science-attitude-53posttest\L> dF@00000081science-attitude-43posttest\L> dF@00000081science-attitude-33posttest\L> dF@00000081science-attitude-23posttest\L> dF@00000081science-attitude-13posttest\L>  F@00000075problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N  F@00000075problem_solving_3B@xposttest02\H<  F@00000075problem_solving_2@xposttest02\H< LVAL d X \less carbon is to be burnt and energy sources such as solar energy, hydro power, thermo-electric energy ( for now anyway)no, the increasingly unbalanced amount of carbon in the air is changing the climate for the worseI believe that we should not send robots to another planet to collect gold as this will only increase the greed of developed nations. the world will not be a place in which all citizens are equal and have equal opportunities. But if we choose to send robots to this distant planet. - the robots could absorb the sun's heat and use it as its energy to find and dig gold. -robots must look for gold in groups rather than individually -use magnets to attract goldno, the current global climate system is beginning to heat up. the sea level is also rising due to the rise in temperature and this causes problems for ecosystems. the climate is not stable anymore as humans begin to produce more carbon emissionsfeedback is when an output of a system becomes part of the input in a system. ex. radiation of the sun is an example of feedback. it is used in the albedo effect to create on the earthyes, but there are many factors that influence the climate. we can monitor hte change in climate but can not predict it with precisionyes, but only an approximation. It can be predicted with weather maps, satellite information and with the use of equipment like weather balloonsNo. weather is in the short-term. It can be predicted at an approximation. the climate is in long term, its patterns can be approximated but many factors influence the change in climatethere is carbon in everything, the trees, animals and atmosphere and the sea. It is the amount of carbon shared on the earth. It is important that the amount of carbon is balanced so that processes on earth do not change dramatically. the carbon cycle is the carbon travels in cycle from the trees to the atmosphere to the animals. carbon cannot be destroyed as it is a never ending cycle.LVAL  v($(2yes. by observing past records of climate in particular places it is probably quite easy to predict by observing the trendsyes, but it is hard to predict due to many changing factors affecting the outcome of itthe carbon cycle is the cylce of carbondynamic equilibrium refers to the fluctuations in two parts of a climate system that may change slightly in the short term but remain relatively constant by keeping each other in balance. an example is the amount of carbon in the ocean and its temperature. feedback occurs when something in a climate system is changed (e.g amount of fossil fuels being burnt) and something else is affected because of it. in this case, the temperature rising is a form of positive feedback as it continues to riseclimate can be predicted to a certain extent by looking back on past climate records and taking into account factors like our current use of fossil fuels, forecast a long term patternweather can be predicted to a certain extent by observing fronts, high/low pressure systems, and therefore the likelihood of certain conditions or temperatureweather and climate are different in that weather refers to short term temperature and conditions, whilst climate is a long term measure of such temperature and conditionsThe carbon cycle refers to carbon molecules that remain on different parts of the earth. They can be in the air, in the ocean, or buried underground, and as the passes carbon, the water 'cycle' through the different 'spheres' on the earthgreenhouse gases are gases like carbon dioxide and water vapour that trap solar radiation by forming a 'blanket over the earth. its is due to the that planet earth is warm enough for humans to live on and keeps the temperature hospitable-limit human impact and emissions by reducing number of factories .perhaps changing coal to nuclear energy to limit human carbon output -reducing cloud cover (by less carbon output) . this way the suns radiation can reach the earth and be absorbed in the albedo but not overheat the earth>$&L r  ) ; a  @dz+Ys 8fTYF@00000079science-attitude-72posttest\L> TYF@00000079science-attitude-62posttest\L> TYF@00000079science-attitude-51posttest\L> TYF@00000079science-attitude-42posttest\L> TYF@00000079science-attitude-32posttest\L> TYF@00000079science-attitude-23posttest\L> TYF@00000079science-attitude-13posttest\L> ףpF@00000077problem_solving_confidence1posttest02p\N ףpF@00000077problem_solving_3@posttest02\H< ףpF@00000077problem_solving_2>@~posttest02\H< ףpF@00000077problem_solving_1@~posttest02\H< F@00000073problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N F@00000073problem_solving_3@zposttest02\H< F@00000073problem_solving_26@~posttest02\H< F@00000073problem_solving_1"@~posttest02\H< OzF@00000073climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R OzF@00000073climate_knowledge_10@zposttest01bNB OzF@00000073climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ OzF@00000073climate_knowledge_8posttest01`L@ OzF@00000073climate_knowledge_7posttest01`L@ OzF@00000073climate_knowledge_6@}posttest01`L@ OzF@00000073climate_knowledge_5d@}posttest01`L@ OzF@00000073climate_knowledge_4@}posttest01`L@ OzF@00000073climate_knowledge_3@xposttest01`L@ OzF@00000073climate_knowledge_2 @}posttest01`L@ OzF@00000073climate_knowledge_1@}posttest01`L@ |hF@00000077climate_knowledge_confidence3posttest01t`R |hF@00000077climate_knowledge_102@}posttest01bNB |hF@00000077climate_knowledge_9@}posttest01`L@ |hF@00000077climate_knowledge_8@}posttest01`L@ |hF@00000077climate_knowledge_7@{posttest01`L@ |hF@00000077climate_knowledge_6@{posttest01`L@ |hF@00000077climate_knowledge_5n@{posttest01`L@ |hF@00000077climate_knowledge_4<@{posttest01`L@ |hF@00000077climate_knowledge_3V@{posttest01`L@ |hF@00000077climate_knowledge_2@{posttest01`L@ LVAL 4 ` ljno, the current global climate system seem to be getting warmerwhen the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere is increased due to higher temperatures, the temperature increases further because of the greenhouse effect. This causes more water vapor to be put in the atmosphere and so the temperature rise further , etc.arguably climate is harder to predict because of the elongated time period . when averages change more than they should , past records can be consulted and estimation can be madeto certain extent , weather is very unruly and can be difficult to determine more than a few days in advance. However, patterns can be observed and followed and we can cross-reference them to help us predict weather in certain areas.the carbon cycle is a balanced closed circuit in which carbon on earth moves in processes can take thousands of years or happen relatively fast. the balance of this cycle is essential to life , if carbon overloaded the atmosphere or oceans, catastrophic events could occurgreenhouse gases are gases in the atmosphere that reflect UV rays from the sun that have already been reflected by the earth's surface back to earth. Without them the earth would be dozens of degrees colderthe current global climate system is unstable due to our excessive use of fossil fuels, we cannot be certain what will happen next- hence it is unstable.an example of the 'tragedy of the common' in climate systems could be air pollution-nobody is responsible for 'looking after' the air, which is shared by everyone but owned taken responsibility for by no oneemergent occurs when, individually, parts of climate system (e.g the air molecules in a model) react to its environment and change accordingly, at the micro level, they are not following a particular trend, but a pattern 'emerges' when we view the model/system as a whole - for instance, hot air rising and cool air rushing in to replace it in a a sea breezeLVAL Something that is significantly out of the dynamic equilibrium such as the significant rise in temperature.i think that, like the ants in one of the models, the robots should emit a chemical trail, when they find gold so that others may flock towards it and follow. Then when all gold has been dug up from a certain location, the robots should scatter and continue their exploration until yet mother robot finds gold. This way, the robots should be able to find and dry all the gold on the planet relatively efficiently. i don't think it is possible for a butterfly flapping its wings in Brazil to jiggle the air and help cause snowstorm in Alaska. a snowstorm requires many different climatic factors especially the right temperature, which butterfly cannot affect. secondly, the question refers to 'a butterfly' not many of them, and one butterfly contributing to a snowstorm is highly implausible. Thirdly, even if they could cause snowstorm a butterfly in North America or Canada would be far likely to contribute to its formation than one form Brazil Therefore, i don't think a butterfly in Brazil can help cause snowstorm in Alaskathe robots should send out signal to other robots when they find the gold, as such, robots should go to these signals in order to collect all of the gold. When they pick up a signal saying that the gold has been found, they should automatically follow it , while also emitting same signal so that others also follow and find the gold. To prevent the unnecessary loss robots, they should change direction when they are at the maximum range of communication so that they don't become lost and not be able to communicate with the other robotsNo, the displacement of air would be so miniscule as to hardly be registered at all, let alone cause a snowstorm thousands of kilometers away. if movements that small could conjure extreme weather conditions than they would occur at a startlingly rate than they already do,LVAL b b$IC habe mein Antwort vergessen. Does albedo haave anything to do with it?sun rays to earth-heat absorbed and reflected. reflected rays are feedbackDynamic equilibrium is when everything is in balance. There is a tipping point present in a dynamic equilibrium.I think it's the tragedy of the water and wind.no, it is a butterfly. it surely does not have the power to cause a snowstorm in Alaska. Unless it is a monstrous butterfly with abnormal powers like being able to cause snowstorms in Alaskawhen you at a single object , ex. birds , it appears they are just flying around randomly but when you observe the flock of birds you can see a pattern emerge.the amount of carbon in the atmosphere and the amount of carbon i the earth. the overall amount of carbons stays the same but the amount in the sky and in the ground mirror each other while keeping an overall constant amount. ex, if the amount of carbon in the atmosphere increases the amount of carbon in the ground will decrease , vice versathey are different . weather is the temperature of a certain day while climate is the average temperature over a long period of timeGreenhouse gases are gases trapped in the earth's surface and cause the surface to heat up. they are important because they affect the global climate and be a contributing factor to the global warming*Because excessive use of fossil fuels creates using temperatures we should place restrictions on the amount of fossil fuels being burnt. *To prevent the 'tragedy of the commons' from developing further, we should allow countries to divide the commons so they are each responsible fro owning and maintaining parts of the ocean and atmosphere/air *we should establish more weather observation stations to observe and predict long term climate changes *we should create a worlwide tax on carbon *we should observe long term climate changes/trends to see if any emergent properties appear.LVAL t @greenhouse are gases that are produced into the atmosphere such as methane. it also contributes to the global warmingExample of feedback in climate systems are: -how dense bush is, affecting how fires can spread -increasing albedo, affecting the atmosphere how much of heat & light are reflected and absorbed on the EarthClimate can be predicted because it is based on past information collected, so scientist can assume the future climate from historical evidence.Weather can be predicted because you are able to calculate the future through satellite whether patterns etc. However it can only be predicted a week in advance.Weather is the change in the atmosphere over a short period of time where as climate is the change in the Earth's atmosphere over a long period of time. They are different.The carbon cycle is where carbon is created, but cannot be destroyed. It transfers from the state to another from the atmosphere, land and oceans always cycling through the Earth in one form or another. It is important because too much carbon is bad and we need to keep it constant.Green house gases are a combination of carbon dioxide and other gases that retain the Earth's heat. The more green house gas, the more heat reflected off and the less escaping from the atmosphere. They are important because it keeps the temperature constant, but big increases or decreases mean a change in temp.Let all the robots roam in a small confined area of the planet so that they are all within range to communicate with each other. If they can't find gold in that area and continue until they find gold. once one of them does find gold it should communicate to the other robots so they can all dig for the gold together and go back to the spaceship once their bins are full and empty them , then go back and collect more. And so on. Once all the gold has been found in that area they should restart the procedure in another area.LVAL, xyes, you can judge from current and past data and predict what is overall going to happen-changing in climate - global warming / pollutionOther rules or strategies the robots should follow to effectively and efficiently find all the gold on the planet are: -after it collects and holds a certain amount of gold, it is to deliver back to the spaceship -then go to collect more gold -keep collecting gold until all the gold is depleted, or until they've taken as much as possible without having adverse affects -once all gold that can be collected, is collected the robots return to the ship and head back to Earth -if there are alien life forms, the robots must communicate that we bring no harm, we just want gold, collect as much gold as possible, before trouble occurs -select certain areas where groups of robots can work together in with good communication then when the resources are depleted, choose a different area to work in -cover the entire planet eventually and finish the job Yes this is possible because the jiggled air no matter how small can thus help cause a snowstorm. Effects from one continent can affect another, but there would have to be thousands of butterflies in Brazil flapping their wings to cause a snowstorm in Alaska. For example El nino affects two entirely different continents Oceania and South America so the jiggled air can help cause a snowstorm.Yes, but not as stable as it can be. This is because there is a greatly increasing amount of carbon which would increase temperatures, pushing the planet Earth to the tipping point. Once we reach the tipping point, the global climate system would be unstable and out humanity's control. We are close to the tipping point.Dynamic equilibrium, consists of negative and positive feed back , examples of this in climate systems are: -if grass doesn't grow fast enough for sheep to eat, they die out, and since there aren't enough sheep to eat, wolves die out %D r 7 e & L r+OeDr 7e|+DAF@00000071science-attitude-94posttest\L> |+DAF@00000071science-attitude-84posttest\L> |+DAF@00000071science-attitude-73posttest\L> |+DAF@00000071science-attitude-63posttest\L> |+DAF@00000071science-attitude-53posttest\L> |+DAF@00000071science-attitude-42posttest\L> |+DAF@00000071science-attitude-33posttest\L> |+DAF@00000071science-attitude-24posttest\L> |+DAF@00000071science-attitude-13posttest\L> xV4AF@00000066problem_solving_confidence3posttest02p\N xV4AF@00000066problem_solving_3H@posttest02\H< xV4AF@00000066problem_solving_2@posttest02\H< xV4AF@00000066problem_solving_1h@posttest02\H< }'@F@00000066climate_knowledge_confidence3posttest01t`R }'@F@00000066climate_knowledge_10@posttest01bNB }'@F@00000066climate_knowledge_9^@posttest01`L@ }'@F@00000066climate_knowledge_8@~posttest01`L@ }'@F@00000066climate_knowledge_7d@posttest01`L@ }'@F@00000066climate_knowledge_6@posttest01`L@ }'@F@00000066climate_knowledge_5@posttest01`L@ }'@F@00000066climate_knowledge_4B@posttest01`L@ }'@F@00000066climate_knowledge_3@posttest01`L@ }'@F@00000066climate_knowledge_2@posttest01`L@ }'@F@00000066climate_knowledge_1@posttest01`L@ s@F@00000066science-attitude-94posttest\L> s@F@00000066science-attitude-83posttest\L> s@F@00000066science-attitude-73posttest\L> s@F@00000066science-attitude-62posttest\L> s@F@00000066science-attitude-52posttest\L> s@F@00000066science-attitude-42posttest\L> s@F@00000066science-attitude-33posttest\L> s@F@00000066science-attitude-22posttest\L> s@F@00000066science-attitude-13posttest\L> >R@F@00000078problem_solving_3@posttest02\H< >R@F@00000078problem_solving_2@posttest02\H< >R@F@00000078problem_solving_1@posttest02\H< ϊF@F@00000078climate_knowledge_confidence3posttest01t`R LVAL  v~<dynamic equilibrium is when there is positive or negative feedbackClimate can also be predicted with the aid of modern technology, research science and observations. Scientists can make trends, and graph weather and patterns may arise. We can assume the future climate from this data.Weather can be predicted, especially with the aid of modern technology. Meteorologists can observe patterns with the seasons, cloud, sun, wind, rain. Satellites help us by showing images of the earth which present the movement of clouds. Proof: weather forecasts on news are very accurate.Weather is short term, of a days temperature, wind movement, moisture levels which may include winds, storms, rain 'sunny' days, cloudy, lightning. Climate is weather over a long period of time. For example, central Australia's climate is hot and dry.All living things are made of the carbon atom. The carbon cycle is the movement of carbon through the earth. A carbon particle may be found in a living creature, then is expired as carbon dioxide, which is then in the atmosphere, which is then in the water. It is constantly changing, however cannot be destroyed or produced. Only the place is changes. The carbon cycle allows there to be different state of matter. The carbon cycles goes round and round.Greenhouse gases act as a layer above the earth's surface which traps some heat in (infrared rays?). They are important because without, the earth would be very cold at night as the sun's rays are not directed at the earth. The gases keep the heat in, making it warmer.-reduce fossil fuel usage in each and every country -implement measures that avoid using coal and any other mass greenhouse gas producer -use solar, wind, hydro or nuclear energy or a combination of them or any green source of energy educate people of adverse affects of climate change on the planet and society -try to be a green, environmentally friendly planetLVAL B @ tFeedback example in climate system include negative and positive feedbackyes, the trends of the weather and the many factors including temperature can be used to make an approximation about the climateno, certain predicted weather course may change due to the influences of other factors, making it difficult to predict.the carbon cycle is where carbon atoms from organisms are transferred to other organisms through a series of processesresults of differences in the climate - good or badFirstly, this is a typical thing for a human to do. Everything seems to revolve round money and riches. I wouldn't bother thinking about rules and strategies for robots to find gold on other planets. Oh wait - follow that ant thing - feedback. One robot finds something, the other robot should follow and dig in that area. When there is no more gold - go somewhere else and repeat.No, it is not possible. Wind movement is caused by currents which move in certain directions according to the land and sea. The higher the positive feedback, the larger the storm.No - the temperature is rising steadily because of the increased carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. (not more carbon, but more in a certain place) which is greenhouse gas, which traps more heat in the earth.Dynamic equilibrium is the opposite of feedback. It creates a constant equal measure. An example is the equilibrium with the carbon in the atmosphere and ocean - when the amount of carbon in the atmosphere increases, the amount in the ocean decreases. The dynamic equilibrium brings it back to being equal.Feedback is the input of something which creates an output. For example, the denser a forest, the more fire and it just keeps growing - this is positive feedback. In climate systems: the sun's rays hits the albedo and is reflected, the earth cools, the albedo turns colder (ice), and reflects more, and it repeats and the earth gets cooler and cooler.LVAL vhDynamic Equilibrium is where the cycle of the earth's climate is stable and equalWeather can be predicted for a couple of days ahead due to pattern in weather that can be read and conclusion can be drawn. Tracking of moving components to weather eg. cold fronts, can be predicted to reach a certain area.Climate and weather are not the same. Climate is a complex system over a large area, whilst the weather is brief modification and variables in the meteorological system, effected by wind, temperature, etc. A climate is an area, whilst weather is a shared common. The carbon cycle is the cycle carbon goes through the spheres - hydrosphere, lythosphere, atmosphere. Carbon is recycled through this system. This is important because carbon is a stable for life, eg. carbon in the air we breathe, carbon that we burn for fuel, energy.Greenhouse gases insulate the atmosphere, and therefore our planet. Survival is dependant on the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Greenhouse gases form a layer in the atmosphere which traps solar rays from escaping. This gives a higher chance of the solar ray to be transformed into ultra red rays which warm the earth significantly. Thick layers of greenhouse gases produce a warmer climate.propose a few things: -reduce the amount of carbon in the atmosphere by: -saving energy (eg. switching off lights) -allow only one car per family -educating students about climate change -educate teachers and schools on saving paper - print double-sided. Climate change is happening and we should do something about it. From the models, we should try and avoid feedback and bring the carbon back to the dynamic equilibrium - this will stop the temperature rising. Australia should definitely do something about climate policy, as we are the world's largest producer in carbon emmissions per capita. We should take lead and be the first country to act.4$&L r   ) W  Jx 1W},Bpb߱KF@00000071problem_solving_1:@posttest02\H< ֮1JF@00000069problem_solving_confidence3posttest02p\N ֮1JF@00000069problem_solving_3@posttest02\H< ֮1JF@00000069problem_solving_2 @posttest02\H< ֮1JF@00000069problem_solving_1 @posttest02\H< fIF@00000069climate_knowledge_confidence3posttest01t`R fIF@00000069climate_knowledge_10@posttest01bNB fIF@00000069climate_knowledge_9`@posttest01`L@ fIF@00000069climate_knowledge_8IDK...posttest01hT@ fIF@00000069climate_knowledge_7@posttest01`L@ fIF@00000069climate_knowledge_6 @posttest01`L@ fIF@00000069climate_knowledge_5@posttest01`L@ fIF@00000069climate_knowledge_4F@posttest01`L@ fIF@00000069climate_knowledge_3@posttest01`L@ fIF@00000069climate_knowledge_2@posttest01`L@ fIF@00000069climate_knowledge_1@posttest01`L@ 5HF@00000069science-attitude-93posttest\L> 5HF@00000069science-attitude-84posttest\L> 5HF@00000069science-attitude-74posttest\L> 5HF@00000069science-attitude-64posttest\L> 5HF@00000069science-attitude-53posttest\L> 5HF@00000069science-attitude-44posttest\L> 5HF@00000069science-attitude-34posttest\L> 5HF@00000069science-attitude-23posttest\L> 5HF@00000069science-attitude-13posttest\L> z*0AF@00000071climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R z*0AF@00000071climate_knowledge_10@@posttest01bNB z*0AF@00000071climate_knowledge_9 @posttest01`L@ z*0AF@00000071climate_knowledge_8I don't rememberposttest01r^@ z*0AF@00000071climate_knowledge_7@posttest01`L@ z*0AF@00000071climate_knowledge_6@posttest01`L@ z*0AF@00000071climate_knowledge_5B@posttest01`L@ z*0AF@00000071climate_knowledge_4@posttest01`L@ z*0AF@00000071climate_knowledge_3@posttest01`L@ z*0AF@00000071climate_knowledge_2@posttest01`L@ z*0AF@00000071climate_knowledge_1*@posttest01`L@ LVAL rThe carbon cycle is the movement of carbon from one place to another. Example of this is: -a certain particle being trapped in the chemical bond, H2O, or commonly known as water. This might then evaporate and the carbon would be in the air, depending on the elements surrounding it, this carbon molecule might bond and become C02. This C02 particle would the be photosynthesis ans 'stuck' in the tree. The continuous movement of carbon. That is the carbon cycle.Green house gases are the gases, or in some cases, vapour/particles that are released into the air naturally. Example of greenhouse gases are: -water vapour -carbon dioxide These can be released into the atmosphere by many means such as evaporation, decomposition and burning. However these can also be bought back into the lithosphere via rain and photosynthesis.Earth, water, fire, air. All fur nation lived in harmony, but everything changes when the fur nation attacked. Only the avatar, mentor of all fur nation could save us. But when we needed him the most, he vanished. A hundred years later, my brother and I found the new avatar, Hang. Although his arbinding skills are great, he still has also to learn before he can save anyone. But I believe, Hang can save the world.Tragedy of common is when we shared element, eg. water, air, is abused by one source, resulting in uneven distribution of the earth's resources.Feedback can be seen in the greenhouse gas effect. The trapping of solar rays heats the atmosphere, which produces more vapour and other greenhouse gases, which helps trap solar rays more efficiently. This goes in a cycle until the tipping point.Climate can be predicted on large scale measures, eg. water levels will decreases in an area or temperature might rise. Prediction are merely hypothesis, and may not occur in practice though. Factors and variables in an area can be measured to hypothesis future modifications to a climate.ZLVAL( \0xno, rising temperatures make climate warmer and sea levels rise higher them pre-ordered rateTragedy of commons is where the earth's resources are unequally distributedemergent properties are the accumulative result of various other propertiesSea breezes. When the hot air rises, colder air comes to replace the void. However this air becomes warmer too, at the same time the rising air is cooling and when the warming air rises, this cool air moves in. This is an example of dynamic equilibrium because it will always be like this and nothing natural can dramatically change it.A example of feedback in the climate is the continual cycle of water evaporation and temperature increases. This is an example of positive feedback. However, to counter this imbalance, a negative feedback comes into play. This is the water cycle. Even though water is evaporated into the air to add to the greenhouse effect, by creating clouds and rain a lot of the water vapour is brought back down.A climate cannot always be predicted. Even though climate states' of an area shouldn't change frequently (unlike weather), even if we use topographic maps and information on sun spots solar storm patterns, to change a climate would take a long time. Who knows what kind of devastating or changing event might occur in a thousand or even a million years.Weather can be predicted, this is able to be done by using satellites and air current maps. However, the atmosphere is unpredictable, a sunny day could turn into a devastating storm if the conditions were right. So even though we were able to predict the weather, it is never 100% accurate.Weather & climate are different. Weather is what the conditions are in a place, this changes on a daily, sometimes even hourly basis. Climate is a way of categorising different areas into arctic, antarctic, temperate, tropical, desert. Basically, climate is the type of area the spot is this depends on the conditions and weather there as well as the ecosystems.LVAL * xH\JRwhen something is happening that causes for more or less things to happen. for example ; positive feedback -> wind and heatwell. i guess.. to a certain extent because if you know the weather and the temperature, then the climate could be predicted.no! weather is whether it's sunny, or cold etc. climate is wet, dry , 19 degree Cgreenhouse gases in this world that have an effect on the environment. they are important because it affects our environmentno, as temperature globally are currently rapidly risingclimate may be predicted up to certain extent, but is not always accurate, so yesweather can be predicted with the use of a barometer,so yes.greenhouse gases are gases that are released into the atmosphere via the greenhouse effectNo, the global temperature is rising and when something is moving, it is the opposite of stable.I do not know what the 'tragedy of the commons' is Seasons- Spring -summer, autumn, winter the temperature changes , but these are regular and constantit is although temperatures are not constant the rise of climate temperatures is constantan example of 'tragedy of common' materials have accumulated and tip the scales of equilibriumIt is stable in a way since the world is surviving right now (somehow). However many areas in the world climate are dying, especially inland areas which have large desert areas. This is due to the fact the rain clouds are unable to carry large masses of water to those areas resulting in a large area of desert surrounded by lush forest & grassland.Tragedy of the common is when necessities are not moved out equally. An example of this in climate systems is the distribution of water. To many plants, water is abundance and there is no way for drought such as in rain forests. However in drier, more avid region such as deserts, water is scarce and because of this lack, the desert enroaches on surrounding areas for water but only ever accomplishing the expansion of the desert.>LVALT\L\weather is short term an is in regards to a certain area climate is the weather of a certain area over a period of timeNo it is not, it is changing as a result of the effect our activities have on the environmentwhen the equilibrium is disrupted due to external influences , ex., human activitythe current global climate system is not that stable... because it is changing constantlyexamples of 'tragedy of the common' in climate system areexamples of emergent properties are in climate system are when ....examples of dynamic equilibrium in climate system are when:...... sorry not sureWhen a butterfly flaps its wings, this will not help cause a snowstorm in Alaska. For one, if the small jiggling of the air can amplify so much over such a distance the shouldn't the west-coast of USA also feel some sort of effect? Also, if we use theory of feedback that there would need the be something that can continue to amplify the movement made by a butterfly wings. If the movement of a butterfly's wings can help cause a snowstorm in Alaska, Places on the west coast of the USA should feel at least a quartre of the impact this movement has on Alaska. However these doesn't seem to be much extreme air activity in that area except for the occasional storm caused by sea breezes. Also these reports of tornadoes are usually from the inland areas and these two areas are not very close by. Thus from this evidence, the movement of butterfly's wings to the no affect on Alaska or on the west coast of the USA. If the jiggling of the air were to create such a devastating wind, then the theory of positive feedback should be able to be observed through the process. However there is nothing which can increase such a small no. butterflies. The movement would simply dissipate into the air and can only affect light object surrounding it. With this evidence, it should be seen that the 'jiggling' of the air from a butterfly's wings cannot help create a snow storm in Alaska. But it's always nice to dream.\LVAL \>zHNl|An example of tragedy of the commons could be humans polluting the earth and causing dis-balances in dynamic equilibriumclimate can also be predicted by averaging out the weather of a specific location over an extended period of timeweather can be predicted by weather ologist by the use of scientific equipment and utensils to farewell the upcoming weather.when the earth's resources are unevenly distributedexamples of feedback in climate systems include ...There are 2 types of feedback positive and negativeyes, though the recording and collection of satellite data , it is possible to predict the weatherGreenhouse gases are the gases that are trapped in the earth's atmosphere by the ozone layerwhen the earths resources are unequally distributedIf this event were to occur and the robots were sent out, then to maintain a long-distance communication, a car larger communication to men should be placed around the planet. Another option would be to create some sort of magnetic shield such as that observed on Earth, to protect the planet from solar flares, storms and radiation. Before actually digging around for gold on the planet, First the robots should establish a few hundred fall communication to wen so that the robots transmissions can be picked up and amplified to allow another robot on the other side of the planet to hear. Although because of solar radiation being so spontaneous, a strong wave might damage these. Another way to secure long-distance communication would be for all robots to be internally equiped/ fitted with a heave metal with a magnetic force. The robots should be made of a durable but non-metal material. Each robot should be assigned a specific area and a magnetic shield can be created. This can also be done with stations (which is probably a better idea) but the robots would still have to be made out if a non-metal material. If both of these methods are used then long-distance communication should be successful. And we will be rich.*LVALf,>Yes, weather can be predicted through such tools , the weather balloons and satellites which show the change in weatherNo, the butterfly can't affect the Alaskan weather. The small shift in air caused by a butterfly is barely detectable to a human. This shift in air has no chance to affect a country on the other side of Earth. Using the same logic is the claim that butterflies flying can cause a snowstorm, a small child clapping its hands can cause a catastrophic damage in Iceland, an the force of a person breathing can trigger a devastating landslide in Peru. The winds of earth would comune the jiggle of air and thus it would have no effect on anything. The scale on the distance in Brazil to Alaska is tremendously large to the flap of a butterfly. It is something like an atom to a human. If one atom curled it, the human couldn't even blink an eye. It is nigh impossible for this small 'jiggle' of air to cause a snowstorm on Alaska due to the minute, undetectable change in its surrounding 10cm2, which is undetectable in Alaska.To reduce the risk of global warming, more carbon and water vapour should be taken from the air. A way yo do this is to plant more trees which will take out some of the gases however not in excess since trees cannot hold too much unless in a large group. glass Domes should also be built to store water. A way to slow or prevent global warming is to plant trees. However because of the risk of a bushfire, there should be many groups of trees planted in separate areas. Thus lowering the risk of a large scale bushfire. Since it is water vapour that greatly contributes to global warming (more so then carbon) the trees are a good idea since they can store both water and carbon. Numerous glass domes should also be built to store but also to trap water vapour so less can be released into the air as a greenhouse gas. So if the actions are taken less greenhouse gases will be released and lots can be drawn back down to provide for us especially those who need it most.LVAL~ $Greenhouse gases are gases in the atmosphere that keep the earth around 33 degrees warmer than it would be otherwise. They are important because they keep the earth at the right temperature for life to be able to exist-To avoid tragedy of commons, The privileged must use their money to create a better systems for the less privileged, eg. building water system in African countries suffering drought, educating farmers to farm better -Create a certain a limit of carbon fuel emission per Capita to reduce world emission. Countries must use sources mindfully - caring is sharing -Everyone share and be nice, basically. One benefit for you may be a downfall for others, so fly and acrid thru. Short term benefits like chopping trees, overusing harvest grush should be stopped to produce a long term benefit. -In benefit of the entire world, a communist government should be selected to course firm enforcement of laws. A culling system for the people deemed mentally dead, eg. severe alchiemer should be used to ensure maximum input and output. A child policy worldwide may help too, in reducing resource use. Euthanasia should be legal in all countries. These all help to ensure output = inputThe strategies used to program an efficient feedback systems are the following; the ability to move towards the nearest highburning robot, the ability to swirl around an approaching robot to avoid collision, and the ability to follow the same path as the robot closest. This will produce an efficient flock of orderly robots to produce a structure feedback formation for advancement. When a robot has failed its bin, then its shall go back to its spaceship, releasing a sensor that renders it invisible to other robots so they will not follow path. When they have captured their bins, they could pick up a sensor that robots that have found a gold source give out, to locate gold quicker. This can produce an ever advancing squad of undefectable gold lasting robot armies, which can find gold quickly and tell its comrades about it. %.H v ; i & L r)9gFt 9cM1RF@00000021climate_knowledge_1\@posttest01`L@ WQF@00000021science-attitude-93posttest\L> WQF@00000021science-attitude-83posttest\L> WQF@00000021science-attitude-73posttest\L> WQF@00000021science-attitude-62posttest\L> WQF@00000021science-attitude-53posttest\L> WQF@00000021science-attitude-43posttest\L> WQF@00000021science-attitude-33posttest\L> WQF@00000021science-attitude-23posttest\L> WQF@00000021science-attitude-13posttest\L>  QF@00000010problem_solving_confidence1posttest02p\N  QF@00000010problem_solving_3~@posttest02\H<  QF@00000010problem_solving_2~@posttest02\H<  QF@00000010problem_solving_1@posttest02\H< {kQF@00000010climate_knowledge_confidence3posttest01t`R {kQF@00000010climate_knowledge_10@posttest01bNB {kQF@00000010climate_knowledge_9?posttest01bN@ {kQF@00000010climate_knowledge_8d@posttest01`L@ {kQF@00000010climate_knowledge_7@posttest01`L@ {kQF@00000010climate_knowledge_6^@posttest01`L@ {kQF@00000010climate_knowledge_5@posttest01`L@ {kQF@00000010climate_knowledge_4Z@posttest01`L@ {kQF@00000010climate_knowledge_3@posttest01`L@ {kQF@00000010climate_knowledge_2@posttest01`L@ {kQF@00000010climate_knowledge_1@posttest01`L@ EQF@00000010science-attitude-93posttest\L> EQF@00000010science-attitude-83posttest\L> EQF@00000010science-attitude-73posttest\L> EQF@00000010science-attitude-63posttest\L> EQF@00000010science-attitude-53posttest\L> EQF@00000010science-attitude-42posttest\L> EQF@00000010science-attitude-33posttest\L> EQF@00000010science-attitude-23posttest\L> EQF@00000010science-attitude-12posttest\L> b߱KF@00000071problem_solving_confidence3posttest02p\N b߱KF@00000071problem_solving_3@posttest02\H< b߱KF@00000071problem_solving_2@posttest02\H< *LVALd V FOne example is when you look at air particles in a convection current (at a microspcopic level) and there is no visible pattern. However, when viewing the dust particle moved by the convection current (at a macro level) , the pattern emerges and it is possible to see that it is indeed a convection currentOne example of dynamic equilibrium is the cycle of pxygen and carbon dioxide in animals and plants. Animals breathe in oxygen and breathe out carbon dioxide , which then absorbed by plants. Plants release oxygen , which is breathed in by animals. If all the plants were removed from the system, this would disrupt the equilibrium and the animals would die and vice versaNegative Feedback- when the amount of heat from the sun coming into the earth is greater than amount of heat being radiated back into the space, and this difference causes albedo to increase and more heat is reflected until the balance is regained. Positive feedback- when there is more water vapor in the atmosphere , causing the temperature to rise , which in turn causes the water vapor levels to rise, a cycle which continues.climate can be predicted , as it is a generalization of what the weather will be like, and so usually stays the same in different areas.People can predict the weather to an extent-they can only predict what the weather will be a few days before it occurs, aand are still often incorrect with their prediction.Weather and climate are different . weather is the short term changes in the atmosphere-things like the temperature and level of wind in a certain day. climate is the long-term weather-how the weather is generally in a certain area at different times of the year.the carbon cycle is they way that carbon changes form- animals and plants are made of carbon, animals breath out carbon dioxide which is then absorbed by plants, when animals and plants die, because it ensures that the level of carbon stays the same in all parts of the cycle. One small change in the cycle can affect everything else.(LVAL, @greenhouse gases are gases as carbon dioxide and water vapor that are in the earths atmosphere. This gases absorb infra red rays reflected into the atmosphere from the earth.stop burning fossil fuels and find a renewable source of energy. not only is the quantity of fossil fuels finite, meaning that we will run out and not have anymore available for millions and millions of years, but this burning of fossil fuels releases carbon into the atmosphere which disrupts the balance and is causing our climate to change and the temperature to rise. Even the slightest increase in carbon in the atmosphere has a huge effect.In order for robot to most effectively and efficiently find all the gold on the planet, there are few things they must do. They should , in pairs, cover a specific area of the planet. This way, the robots wouldn't end up looking for gold in areas where it was already taken back to the spaceship. Also, it saves time, because each robot knows exactly where to go and can take the most direct route without wandering aimlessly. The reason why they should cover each area in pairs is that while one robot is searching for and collecting the gold, the other robot is taking its load back to the spaceship. this way , time is saved, as there is constantly searching for gold all over the planet. The robots need to return to the spaceship as soon as their bin for carrying the gold is full, to avoid spilling and losing any of the gold a butterfly flapping its wings in Brazil can't directly cause a snowstorm in Alaska. However, the slight movement of air caused by the butterfly flapping its wings could disrupt the previous balance. this could be the start of a domino effect, causing larger and larger changes, until it finally resulted in a snowstorm in AlaskaNo, because many many tonnes of fossil fuels have been burnt , causing large quantities of carbon to be released into the atmosphere. this has disrupted the equilibrium of the global climate system, resulting in the temperature risingLVAL : the current global system is not stable because of the earth's greenhouse gases being added to the atmosphere. this means that there is a collapse of the dynamic equilibrium because more is is being added and is unable to escape. the greenhouse gases absorb heat from the sun that bis reflected off the earth. This causes a rise in global temperature. Eventually , the amount of positive-will become too large and the global climate will reach tipping point , which is detrimental resultsConvection currents , water vapor, extra vapor:extra heat =rise in temperature -nothing to cancel out-albedo + heat continue to rise -heat over takes- tipping pint = tragedyDynamic equilibrium occurs in a closed system. the feedback from different parts of the climate system are able to remain equal as the system is closed and nothing is added or removed. It is dynamic because the particles move. the carbon cycle is an example of dynamic equilibriumclimate is relatively constant and cannot be predicted as such. However, because climate is regular patterns of climate in areas can be known in advance by looking at past climatic patterns in the areaweather can be predicted . Meteorologists do this. weather is able to predicted by changes in air (cold fronts, warm fronts, high and low pressure systems). How these air systems move enable meteorologists to predict the weather for a maximum of one week in advanceweather and climate are different. weather is the day to day changes in temperature , humidity , wind , etc. Climate however, is the temperature, rainfall, humidity , etc. for a part of hte world over a long period of time and usually remains constant over the years.all living things are based on a carbon atom. Humans take oxygen and Release C02 , which is then photosynthesized by trees to produce starch and more oxygen . The earth is able to carbon levels equal by the transferring of carbon from one living thing to anotherR$&L r  ) ? m  Lz?eDjz:UF@00000070problem_solving_2@posttest02\H< :UF@00000070problem_solving_1@posttest02\H< UF@00000070climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R UF@00000070climate_knowledge_10d@posttest01bNB UF@00000070climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ UF@00000070climate_knowledge_8d@posttest01`L@ UF@00000070climate_knowledge_7posttest01`L@ UF@00000070climate_knowledge_6^@posttest01`L@ UF@00000070climate_knowledge_5@posttest01`L@ UF@00000070climate_knowledge_4@posttest01`L@ UF@00000070climate_knowledge_3<@posttest01`L@ UF@00000070climate_knowledge_2@posttest01`L@ UF@00000070climate_knowledge_1@posttest01`L@ sUF@00000070science-attitude-93posttest\L> sUF@00000070science-attitude-83posttest\L> sUF@00000070science-attitude-73posttest\L> sUF@00000070science-attitude-63posttest\L> sUF@00000070science-attitude-53posttest\L> sUF@00000070science-attitude-43posttest\L> sUF@00000070science-attitude-33posttest\L> sUF@00000070science-attitude-23posttest\L> sUF@00000070science-attitude-13posttest\L> ERF@00000021problem_solving_confidence3posttest02p\N ERF@00000021problem_solving_3>@posttest02\H< ERF@00000021problem_solving_2@posttest02\H< ERF@00000021problem_solving_1L@posttest02\H< M1RF@00000021climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R M1RF@00000021climate_knowledge_10@posttest01bNB M1RF@00000021climate_knowledge_9Z@posttest01`L@ M1RF@00000021climate_knowledge_8@ posttest01`L@ M1RF@00000021climate_knowledge_70@posttest01`L@ M1RF@00000021climate_knowledge_6@posttest01`L@ M1RF@00000021climate_knowledge_5@posttest01`L@ M1RF@00000021climate_knowledge_4@posttest01`L@ M1RF@00000021climate_knowledge_3@posttest01`L@ M1RF@00000021climate_knowledge_2 @posttest01`L@ LVAL No. Weather is the temperature and natural effects that occur during a short period of time, ex. day.. Climate is measured in longer periods, ex.. a few years-carbon in the air -evaporation in the /through the ocean - causes the atmosphere to grow warmer/colder depending on evaporation - it contributes to cloud and cloud cover which causes the rise and drops of temperature Our climate is in danger of reaching a tipping point due to the increase of greenhouse gases in our atmosphere, the increase of albedo and a constant rise in temperature. We need to refrain from adding more carbon into our closed system and if possible, find a way to remove carbon so that our earth can return to a dynamic equilibrium. this will contribute to helping our climate regain stability across the globe in order to most effectively and efficiently find a lot of gold, the robots must be assigned individual areas for search. Each robot should dig up all the gold in there small area. At the same time everyday, the robots must return their gold to the spaceship. This method would be efficient because it means that all areas of the planet would be covered and that the robots would not need to communicate with each other because they would all follow the same time scheduleThe movement of a butterfly's wings can indeed jiggle the air, but the movement in the air caused by the butterfly is very small. Therefore, it would be highly unlikely that a snowstorm in Alaska would be caused by the air movement created by a butterfly. If this were to occur, the small changes created by the butterfly would have to intensify massively and travel across continents to create such a big climatic event, i.e. snowstorm. Therefore, it is incredibly unlikely that a little butterfly flapping its wings in Brazil can cause a snowstorm , across continents, in Alaska really unlikely. The butterfly would have to be really big to cause such a change in air movement2LVALj 4  Las robots are machine that have developed since contemporary society, they have the capability of doing things that is much more difficult for us humans to do. Robots travelling to a different planet in order to collect gold is an example of an activity that humans can't do. Robots should have stations which would be placed every few meters that could save them from carrying bins or overfilling them. This way , robots will be able to carry gold more efficiently and easily.the butterfly effect is where something smalland minor grows to cause something huge and important. A butterfly flapping its wings in Brazil and eventually help to cause a snowstorm in Alaska is an example of butterfly effect. Although a butterfly flapping its wings is small and may not cause anything big, jiggling the air will contribute to a small change in the wind. This may eventually grow to get bigger and bigger until something big such as a snowstorm in Alaska occurs.the current global climate is not completely stable. as global warming and pollution is increasing, it is changing the climate and thus interfering with the global climate systemwhen there is more carbon in the air, the ocean would produce more evaporation. this would evaporate into the atmosphere and make it warmer-positive feedback. Opposite to positive feedback , negative feedback would be caused when there is less evaporation and in the end, making the atmosphere colderclimate can be predicted. the weather maybe estimated as well as future rainfall, wind, humidity . the climate can be predicted but not completely accurately. The future climate can be predicted through predictions of the future weatherweather can be predicted through effects such as humidity, wind, etc. the estimated temperature and weather conditions maybe predicted. However, the prediction of the weather would not be completely accurate as there maybe changes in nature that occur. Using modern technology such as satellites , weather can still be predicted|LVAL *2xclimate is much more gradual change - it it does at all - and say by observing its progress in a specific area from hundreds of year back it is much easier to predict climatethey are different. Weather is very dynamic it describes the change in the atmosphere over a shorter period of time. Climate describes the change in the atmosphere over a longer period of timeyes, it only makes gradual changes over very long periods of time., however, small changes could have very very big impacts. So because of global warming , and the increasing temperature, the climate is subject to change.when the sun gives us its heat and the ground either absorb it or reflects it back out. The release of heat is the feedback . for example, when an ant goes and collects food, it leaves a trail of scent so other other ants can follow itNo but you can predict the temperature. weather is one specific time and you can not predict it. you can only make /base judgements from the dataNo weather is short term. Climate is weather in one area over an extended period of time. the climate refers to the conditions be it hot or cold and weather refers to the temperatureThe carbon cycle is the absorbing in the ocean and land and where it goes and whether the plants and animals take any of it in. It keeps the ocean a constant temperature. the carbon goes from the air to the land and the ocean and is forever thereGreenhouse gases. They are trapped in the earth's atmosphere heat from the sun that is not reflected back into space. greenhouse gases keep the earth warm and comfortably habitable by humans * ways to produce less pollution will help the environment and contribute to less changes with climate. -less factories and activities that make greenhouse gas must be supported as greenhouse gas contribute to global warming which maybe help change the future climate -find ways that will not heat the atmosphere as first or not as in the future climate will have gotten much hotter %H v ; i " H n%;iHv ;a@7WF@00000072climate_knowledge_2@posttest01`L@ @7WF@00000072climate_knowledge_1@posttest01`L@ lWF@00000072science-attitude-92posttest\L> lWF@00000072science-attitude-82posttest\L> lWF@00000072science-attitude-72posttest\L> lWF@00000072science-attitude-63posttest\L> lWF@00000072science-attitude-52posttest\L> lWF@00000072science-attitude-43posttest\L> lWF@00000072science-attitude-32posttest\L> lWF@00000072science-attitude-22posttest\L> lWF@00000072science-attitude-13posttest\L> M1jVF@00000085problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N M1jVF@00000085problem_solving_3@posttest02\H< M1jVF@00000085problem_solving_2@posttest02\H< M1jVF@00000085problem_solving_1@posttest02\H<  !-VF@00000085climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R  !-VF@00000085climate_knowledge_10@posttest01bNB  !-VF@00000085climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@  !-VF@00000085climate_knowledge_8f@posttest01`L@  !-VF@00000085climate_knowledge_7@posttest01`L@  !-VF@00000085climate_knowledge_6@posttest01`L@  !-VF@00000085climate_knowledge_5@posttest01`L@  !-VF@00000085climate_knowledge_4"@posttest01`L@  !-VF@00000085climate_knowledge_3l@posttest01`L@  !-VF@00000085climate_knowledge_2@posttest01`L@  !-VF@00000085climate_knowledge_1~@posttest01`L@ UF@00000085science-attitude-93posttest\L> UF@00000085science-attitude-83posttest\L> UF@00000085science-attitude-73posttest\L> UF@00000085science-attitude-63posttest\L> UF@00000085science-attitude-53posttest\L> UF@00000085science-attitude-43posttest\L> UF@00000085science-attitude-33posttest\L> UF@00000085science-attitude-23posttest\L> UF@00000085science-attitude-13posttest\L> :UF@00000070problem_solving_confidence1posttest02p\N :UF@00000070problem_solving_3@posttest02\H< LVAL| greenhouse gases are a mixture of carbon dioxide and other harmful gases as a result of human activity and natural release of these gasesA group of scientists have to agree on one theory with enough evidence and present it to the united nations. Places that are going to be directly affected should be 1st priority and plans/actions should take place immediately. If there is going to be a tax , the amount should be determined by how much you make. ex. if you are a poverty stricken family in Africa-no tax. -change/diversify our power source -agree on one standard rule -be open to change -power usage limitsThat robots should have an allocated area and only search within that area so that the robots don't waste time searching areas that have already been done. The robots are only allowed out within a certain distance of each other so they don't lose communication signals. Since every single are of ground on the earth has been covered, the robots should return all the gold to the spaceship and if the ship cannot take extra weight the robots will be left behind until another ship comes. assuming there is sunlight due t the existence of solar flares, it seems to be good to have the robots solar powered. After all of that , all robots should return home and make sure, we don't leave a mark on the other planet (other than digging half of it up)No it is not possible geographically, Brazil isn't even next to Alaska. There are other things that cause way more 'jiggle' like birds ans aeroplanes and basically anything that moves. Blaming it solely on butterflies is not accurate because of so many other factors involved. A jiggle in the air 'may' cause a slight disruption but for a snowstorm , you need much stronger and constant winds. Butterflies can't even fly in winter if the air is too cold and certainly not at right. Therefore, it is totally false that the butterflies in Brazil even affect the storms in Alaska%&L r   C ] " P~Cq6d!GmYF@00000087climate_knowledge_6~@posttest01`L@ YF@00000087climate_knowledge_5\@posttest01`L@ YF@00000087climate_knowledge_4 @posttest01`L@ YF@00000087climate_knowledge_3@posttest01`L@ YF@00000087climate_knowledge_2@posttest01`L@ YF@00000087climate_knowledge_1@posttest01`L@ *0YF@00000083science-attitude-94posttest\L> *0YF@00000083science-attitude-84posttest\L> *0YF@00000083science-attitude-73posttest\L> *0YF@00000083science-attitude-63posttest\L> *0YF@00000083science-attitude-52posttest\L> *0YF@00000083science-attitude-42posttest\L> *0YF@00000083science-attitude-33posttest\L> *0YF@00000083science-attitude-24posttest\L> *0YF@00000083science-attitude-13posttest\L> ]YF@00000087science-attitude-93posttest\L> ]YF@00000087science-attitude-82posttest\L> ]YF@00000087science-attitude-73posttest\L> ]YF@00000087science-attitude-62posttest\L> ]YF@00000087science-attitude-53posttest\L> ]YF@00000087science-attitude-41posttest\L> ]YF@00000087science-attitude-33posttest\L> ]YF@00000087science-attitude-23posttest\L> ]YF@00000087science-attitude-13posttest\L> 0;XF@00000072problem_solving_confidence1posttest02p\N 0;XF@00000072problem_solving_3j@posttest02\H< 0;XF@00000072problem_solving_2@posttest02\H< 0;XF@00000072problem_solving_1|@posttest02\H< @7WF@00000072climate_knowledge_confidence1posttest01t`R @7WF@00000072climate_knowledge_10@posttest01bNB @7WF@00000072climate_knowledge_9@posttest01`L@ @7WF@00000072climate_knowledge_8@posttest01`L@ @7WF@00000072climate_knowledge_7@posttest01`L@ @7WF@00000072climate_knowledge_6@ posttest01`L@ @7WF@00000072climate_knowledge_5@posttest01`L@ @7WF@00000072climate_knowledge_4@posttest01`L@ @7WF@00000072climate_knowledge_3@posttest01`L@ LVAL " R`weather can be predicted to an extent through use of instrument that can detect humidity, wind speed, rain measures and temperatures. weather can only be predicted to such an extent because of the complex currents in the ocean and air can change weather abruptlyweather is a short - term effect on any surrounding area in a particular place while climate is much more long term and influencing factor of the weather and the ecosystem that lives in its particular regionthe carbon cycle is the natural cycle of life and death. for instance, a cow has died. as it decomposes it releases its carbon into the atmosphere and that is used to feed the trees so that they can grow and in turn be eaten figuratively by the cowsgreenhouse gases are naturally occurring gases in the atmosphere like carbon dioxide and H2O water droplets. greenhouse gases are important because they act as an insulating blanket around the earth that trap some UV rays coming into the atmosphere between it and the earth. if there were no greenhouse gases then the world be at least -30 degree celsius cold- decreasing the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere - increasing albedo - planting more trees - generating artificial clouds - have each country switch to nuclear energyFeedback -> Robots -> should have protective coating and come attached with a fire extinguisher. they should be given a cooling system so they don't overheat. a method to communicate with other robots so that the robot doesn't dig the same place twiceyes if it is on the correct circumstances. For example, the fire-burning model- the tress burnt according to the density of the fire but the trees themselves, did not move, however given the right amount it would completely extinguish the whole forest. In this case, if a butterfly flapped its wings then, if the circumstances one correct and the appropriate weather conditions occur then it is possible that it may cause a snowstorm in Alaska.LVAL Zyes, but not accurately as it can change unpredictably , that is why weather forecasts can often be wrongPredicting the climate is easier than predicting the weather because the weather is more accurate and unpredictable. Climate include seasons and average temperature, while weather includes measurement of precipitation , wind and pressure systems and warm fronts. therefore, climate and weather are different things.In the carbon cycle , carbon atoms are recycled and move around. what was a tree in the 1960s could now be a vegetable due to photosynthesis, and this vegetable could become part of you when you eat it., which could also become feces which gets used as fertilizer, which is absorbed by another tree and the cycle starts again. the carbon cycle is important because it is very efficient method of recycling atomsgreenhouse gases keep the earth warm by trapping the heat before they are retrieve back into space. some types of greenhouses gases are water vapor and carbon dioxide. If greenhouse gases didn't exist, the world would be approximately 30 degrees cooler and humans would die. The amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere is increasing each year due to human activity (more likely) and this will cause global warming, which will make sea levels rise and cause cities to drown, resulting in what it is almost an apocalypseemergent properties are, properties that become opponent after a set amount of time. for example, the steam when boiling water would be an emergent propertyan example of dynamic equilibrium in a climate system could be, for instance when moisture in the air gets over the dynamic equilibrium. to counter this effect and return the air to a state of neutral, it rainsan example of feedback in climate systems would be of rising global temperatures. the feedback would then be the temperature taken one could think it as being the effect in 'cause and effect'+$&J \  ; F j 1_y>l1[*F F@00000067climate_knowledge_3n@posttest01`L@ *F F@00000067climate_knowledge_2.@posttest01`L@ *F F@00000067climate_knowledge_1@posttest01`L@ SYF@00000067science-attitude-93posttest\L> SYF@00000067science-attitude-83posttest\L> SYF@00000067science-attitude-73posttest\L> SYF@00000067science-attitude-63posttest\L> SYF@00000067science-attitude-52posttest\L> SYF@00000067science-attitude-42posttest\L> SYF@00000067science-attitude-33posttest\L> SYF@00000067science-attitude-23posttest\L> SYF@00000067science-attitude-12posttest\L> N&VZF@00000087problem_solving_confidence3posttest02p\N N&VZF@00000087problem_solving_3 @posttest02\H< N&VZF@00000087problem_solving_2t@posttest02\H< N&VZF@00000087problem_solving_1@posttest02\H< -COZF@00000083problem_solving_confidence3posttest02p\N -COZF@00000083problem_solving_3@posttest02\H< -COZF@00000083problem_solving_2@posttest02\H< -COZF@00000083problem_solving_1@posttest02\H< EZF@00000083climate_knowledge_confidence3posttest01t`R EZF@00000083climate_knowledge_10@posttest01bNB EZF@00000083climate_knowledge_9f@posttest01`L@ EZF@00000083climate_knowledge_8Oh no I forgot.oops sorryposttest01{g@ EZF@00000083climate_knowledge_7@posttest01`L@ EZF@00000083climate_knowledge_6@posttest01`L@ EZF@00000083climate_knowledge_5X@posttest01`L@ EZF@00000083climate_knowledge_4h@posttest01`L@ EZF@00000083climate_knowledge_3v@posttest01`L@ EZF@00000083climate_knowledge_26@posttest01`L@ EZF@00000083climate_knowledge_1@posttest01`L@ YF@00000087climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R YF@00000087climate_knowledge_10@posttest01bNB YF@00000087climate_knowledge_9@posttest01`L@ YF@00000087climate_knowledge_88@posttest01`L@ YF@00000087climate_knowledge_7@posttest01`L@ ^LVAL @ lvthis is very similar to the model of the ants finding food and I think the robots should follow the same strategy. when a robot finds gold, it should leave a signal or trail, keeping more robots find gold. This signal should not last for too long, otherwise other robots will follow the trail where the gold has already been discovered, resulting in many sad robots. The trail will become stronger as other robots find gold and will fade as the amount of gold diminishes, just like the ants with their food.this could be possible , but very improbable, because it would mean that a single movement of anything could cause storms, tornadoes, cyclones and other wind events all over the world. Clearly this is not happening, so in conclusion, the butterfly effect does not existCAn I use dot points? on well, YOLO - higher temperature-lower albedo -more sun- higher temperature -higher albedo-lower temperature more fossil fuels burned-more greenhouse gases-higher temeprature-Global warming BADclimate can be predicted up to many years. There are many graphs and studies predicting the weather up to 10 years in advance, because climate is not as specific as weatherweather can be predicted but only for a few days and even then it would not be very accurate. this is because sudden changes in temperature and wind speed can change locations of storms and heatwaves and other weather events, just like the severe storm being shifted from Sydney to Melbourne a few weeks ago,LVAL our world is too big for any puff of air from a butterfly's wings to help cause a snowstorm in Alaska. any wind could sweep it up in its own current and displace it a puff of air from a butterfly's wings - no matter how large - simply cannot help cause a snowstorm in Alaska. even in comparison, the zophyr of air cannot compare to the 100km/h winds that are needed to cause any snowstorm. it is impossible for this to happen. the puff of air from a butterfly's wings will do eventually dissipate from fiction by other wind anyway a butterfly flapping it's wings in Brazil cannot jiggle the air enough to help cause a snowstorm in AlaskaHonestly we should fins a way to get rid of fossil fuels, because they seem to be the main cause of the greenhouse gases and global warming. We need to find more sustainable sources of energy like solar , kinetic or wind and we should reduce the amount of aerosol cans to reduce CFCs, if that hasn't been done yet. We should also limit the use of technology and make unsustainable energy sources more expensive and make sustainable resources cheaper to influence more people to use sustainable resources. If possible, we could even make people (This is ridiculous example) run on treadmills to power the electricity in their homes. This would reduce the amount of overweight people in the world and also have more sustainable energy resulting in a better world.LVAL R|"to a certain extent. but not always accurate. for example, they can only predict roughly a week beforehand., and even then they could be wrong because it is always changing.an example of feedback in a climate system is the chemical track left behind by ants, as it acts as a sort of route for other ants to follow, also bringing them back to their nest.climate is s combination of pressure, precipitation, temperature, etc. over a long period of time. weather is the same, but for the shorter period of time. weather is forecasted dailythe carbon cycle is the cycle in which CO2 atoms flow in the atmosphere . the cycle is important because it warms the earth and provides us with oxygen- burn less fossil fuel - actually try and understand how it can affect us - keep an equilibrium -be aware of the climate fluctuations -don't fall asleep in the discussion. they're important -try and see the macro picture to how climate change can affect the world - implement a plan on how to manage limited resources like coal and oil * look to other alternatives like geothermic, nuclear, solar, hydro and wind power - think long term - educate people on the importance of understanding climate changethe robots should spread out in a grid shape and scout the land by moving in a set pattern, all at once so that the distance between the robots are constant their movements should go from one side of their assigned grid, turn around and move back to their starting side. this is to be repeated until the robot behind is in the space previously by the robot that was in front of it. this would be the most effective way at finding all the gold on the planet since their grid-formation would be constant and well spaced. robots diagonal to any other robot should be in the robots sensor range this is an example of how, individually, the robots are doing their own actions, but on a macro scale are working together even if they can't communicate to each robot on the planet. they work together to form a bigger pictureF$&L r   G a & T?eDTF@00000062problem_solving_confidence1posttest02p\N F@00000062problem_solving_3@posttest02\H< F@00000062problem_solving_28@posttest02\H< F@00000062problem_solving_1@posttest02\H< ^XLF@00000062climate_knowledge_confidence1posttest01t`R ^XLF@00000062climate_knowledge_10@posttest01bNB ^XLF@00000062climate_knowledge_9r@posttest01`L@ ^XLF@00000062climate_knowledge_8@posttest01`L@ ^XLF@00000062climate_knowledge_7@posttest01`L@ ^XLF@00000062climate_knowledge_6@posttest01`L@ ^XLF@00000062climate_knowledge_5@ posttest01`L@ ^XLF@00000062climate_knowledge_4Z@posttest01`L@ ^XLF@00000062climate_knowledge_3@ posttest01`L@ ^XLF@00000062climate_knowledge_2@posttest01`L@ ^XLF@00000062climate_knowledge_1@ posttest01`L@ 3>F@00000062science-attitude-94posttest\L> 3>F@00000062science-attitude-84posttest\L> 3>F@00000062science-attitude-74posttest\L> 3>F@00000062science-attitude-62posttest\L> 3>F@00000062science-attitude-53posttest\L> 3>F@00000062science-attitude-42posttest\L> 3>F@00000062science-attitude-32posttest\L> 3>F@00000062science-attitude-22posttest\L> 3>F@00000062science-attitude-12posttest\L> XLǴF@00000067problem_solving_confidence1posttest02p\N XLǴF@00000067problem_solving_38@posttest02\H< XLǴF@00000067problem_solving_2@posttest02\H< XLǴF@00000067problem_solving_1@posttest02\H< *F F@00000067climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R *F F@00000067climate_knowledge_10p@ posttest01bNB *F F@00000067climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ *F F@00000067climate_knowledge_8posttest01`L@ *F F@00000067climate_knowledge_7posttest01`L@ *F F@00000067climate_knowledge_6h@posttest01`L@ *F F@00000067climate_knowledge_5@ posttest01`L@ *F F@00000067climate_knowledge_4x@posttest01`L@ PLVAL B fthe carbon cycle is the cycle of carbon that goes round our earth no matter what the carbon in this atmosphere stays -> so the cycle is that no matter where the carbon is -> temporarily, it is forever there hence, cycle! important because it's got to do with this environment that we live in and could potentially affect our climate...form the information gathered from the various computer models i viewed in class, i would recommend placing a limit on the amount and rate of fossil fuel burning. i would also recommend the planting of large numbers of trees. i would think that the implication of carbon taxes across as many countries as possible would also work in reducing individual carbon footprint levels globally, and help save the planet.programmers for the robots would need to keep in mind that the robots could crash into each other and potentially cause destruction if not handled properly. in order to combat this they would need to maybe follow a rule ensuring that they stay at least a certain distance away from each other. also, in order to uncover 'large deposits' of gold, their individual bins may have to be able to hold large quantities of gold. they also may have to be engineered to be able to dig deep enough to find the gold, and will need to be able to store it in suitable conditions for it to arrive back at earth in pristine condition.. the gold should also be handled with care, as some of it is very fragile and prone to breakage/damaging.no, it's not possible. the tiny amount of force given off by a butterfly flapping it's wings wouldn't even contribute to a thousandth of the force needed to generate a snowstorm, let alone one hundreds of kilometres aways. the size of the butterfly's wings is incomparable to the size of the snowstorm itself, so why and how would one contribute to a snowstorm that are away? the force of hundred butterflies flapping their wings wouldn't do, so i am very doubtful about the power of one making any difference, if at all.LVAL &they are the mixtures of gases which envelope the earth . they are important as they trap solar radiation , which keep the earth warmmake drastic change that everyone is actually going to listen to rather than all these small little things like carbon taX that people actually wouldn't listening to. people running businesses will still be (using/making) .. CARBON the only thing is that they won't have as much money because they will be paying carbon tax, so just pick on something else, that people will think - 'oh , i cam do that' . because one it's here we can't go backwards with carbon....apart from having a sensor to detect the gold, a scoop to dig up the gold and carrying bin to hold the amounts of gold, they should also designate an area for each robot to be searching in, so that robots don't all go to the same places. this way it will be done more efficiently and much faster! they should also make a sort of sensor that says, when one robot has filled up their bags with gold and then another robot signals that there isn't much gold in their area and get matched together in order to fill up the bags with more goldin my belief, a butterfly flapping it's wings in Brazil will not ... jiggle the air and help cause a snowstorm in Alaska. this is because even if it was true that a butterfly flapping it's wings in Brazil might jiggle the air, it would not be so intense that a snowstorm would be caused in Brazil.. LET ALONE ALASKA as it would not even reach that far, and if you think about it, what about people or machines that moves things up and done. i'm sure that there are many different things in this world that have much more intense, capability to .. jiggle the air.. and even then, it will not cause a snowstorm in Alaska. this theory is silly and could not even be possible unless perhaps every single micro -metre of Brazil was to be covered with flapping butterflies,$&L r  + ; i  Hv ;eDHlqF@00000090problem_solving_1@posttest02\H< Q^F@00000090climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R Q^F@00000090climate_knowledge_10f@posttest01bNB Q^F@00000090climate_knowledge_9f@posttest01`L@ Q^F@00000090climate_knowledge_8posttest01`L@ Q^F@00000090climate_knowledge_7"it is when everything is balanceposttest01n@ Q^F@00000090climate_knowledge_6t@posttest01`L@ Q^F@00000090climate_knowledge_5@posttest01`L@ Q^F@00000090climate_knowledge_4@posttest01`L@ Q^F@00000090climate_knowledge_3@posttest01`L@ Q^F@00000090climate_knowledge_2@posttest01`L@ Q^F@00000090climate_knowledge_1T@posttest01`L@ ALF@00000090science-attitude-92posttest\L> ALF@00000090science-attitude-82posttest\L> ALF@00000090science-attitude-73posttest\L> ALF@00000090science-attitude-63posttest\L> ALF@00000090science-attitude-52posttest\L> ALF@00000090science-attitude-43posttest\L> ALF@00000090science-attitude-33posttest\L> ALF@00000090science-attitude-23posttest\L> ALF@00000090science-attitude-13posttest\L> xa3F@00000086problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N xa3F@00000086problem_solving_3J@posttest02\H< xa3F@00000086problem_solving_2"@posttest02\H< xa3F@00000086problem_solving_1,@posttest02\H< F@00000086climate_knowledge_confidence3posttest01t`R F@00000086climate_knowledge_10@posttest01bNB F@00000086climate_knowledge_9@posttest01`L@ F@00000086climate_knowledge_8@posttest01`L@ F@00000086climate_knowledge_7@posttest01`L@ F@00000086climate_knowledge_6@posttest01`L@ F@00000086climate_knowledge_5@posttest01`L@ F@00000086climate_knowledge_4`@posttest01`L@ F@00000086climate_knowledge_3Z@posttest01`L@ F@00000086climate_knowledge_2@posttest01`L@ F@00000086climate_knowledge_1 @posttest01`L@ LVAL\ 4the carbon cycle is the cycle of the carbon dioxide in the earth. It is when carbon in the air is absorbed by trees , the trees die, gradually forming deposits of coal and the coal is burnt , releasing all the carbon dioxide . this is important because the changes of the amount of carbon dioxide in the air also is one of the causes of global warmingWhen a pattern is emerging on a macro level, ex., the seasons would have been observed as emergent properties as it would have been observed that plants behaved differently during certain times of the year. ex., in Autumn trees would have shed their leaves.It can be shown in the carbon cycle . for example, the amount of carbon in the oceans and atmosphere stays roughly the same (without any external influences), but since the particles are constantly in motion ( in changing forms)it is dynamic albedo. ex. when the albedo is low , the land radiates heat, heating particles in the air which in turn raise the temperature of the earth. The input would be the sun's radiation and the output would be the earth's temperatureIt can be predicted , but often not accurately as climate can be quite erratic in behavior. However, trends can be observed such as temperature , which can then aaid and the logical deduction for future climate, however, it is difficult to gauge the accuracy yes, it can be predicted to ac certain extent as scientists can observe wind patterns and cloud formation and deduce a pattern , therefore predicting the weather and conditionsweather and climate are different as weather is the state of atmosphere at any given point in time and climate is the state of the atmosphere over an extended period of timethe carbon cycle is the movement of carbon through different forms and spheres. It is important because it is essential for life and also keeps some carbon trapped which deter the earth from heating up too muchLVAL hGreenhouse gases include water vapor and carbon dioxide and they are important because it is the fluctuations of these gases that cause the changes in earth's temperature-plant a lot more trees -implement more carbon policies, ex. there is only a certain amount of carbon dioxide that is country can emit and companies buy parts of this emission, fines apply if this amount of emission is exceeded - create a lower albedo in affected areas, artificial ice floor, ice? -mass production of vehicles which instigate do not use fossil fuel -invert a scrubber type device for carbon dioxide?Robots should only ever stay within range of a certain group of assigned robots., which will increase the effectiveness of the operation as it will waste less energy, because the robots will have communicated to others about where gold has been found. It will also be more efficient as if a robot breaks down, it would not be alone in uncharted area and therefore the gold in that area would not be discovered. There would be plenty of other robots to make up for the loss of one robot. the robots would therefore also become responsible for certain areas. the robots should also have a program installed within them to find an area without gold and communicate to certain number of robots, which will increase efficiency as the robots would not have to head back to the ship everytimeIt is not possible that the butterfly jiggling the air in Brazil would help cause a snowstorm in Alaska, as this would be in too small of a scale and the force exerted by the butterfly's wings could be too small and weak to actually help create a snowstorm in Alaska. The distance is also too great between the countries. However, it is possible that the air moved by the butterfly's wings would feature in the snowstorm in Alaska, due to air currents and wind, however, it is unlikely that it would help cause the snowstorm in AlaskaxLVAL& D Nthis system is simple. However, it needs a positive feedback system in which the robots mine the gold and bring it back. The robot much like an ANT colony , should excrete a chemical when a deposit of gold is found, alerting the other robots to the gold. This way it would create an effective and efficient way to find gold. Should have a shared installed map of a planet installed and place a marker on areas with deposits of gold and mark it once again when the gold is minedNo, the butterfly flapping its wings in Brazil can not cause a snowstorm in Alaska. If according to this hypothesis, every butterfly flapping its wings would cause a snowstorm , which would probably be several thousands if not million of snowstorms , yet Alaska has not been buried under the snow yet. While air currents can travel large distances , the gust of wind produced by the movement of the butterfly's wings would not have stayed the same. It would have dissipated , gotten stronger or have gone off to a different direction altogether. Due to the reasons stated above, I believe, the hypothesis to be theoretically imposiblecurrent global climate are relatively stable. however, the amount of C02 burnt varies the temperature. The depletion of earth's resources are placing the global climate in declinewhen water feedback rises so thus the temperature and when the temperature rises , the water feedback does as well , and this continuing in a feedback system. A feedback system is when the change of one thing will affect another and that will change another and so on, creating either positive or negative feedbackclimate can be predicted due to the fact that as the position of an area will not change, the climate will stay relatively the same.weather can be predicted to an extent , following the patterns from the past , but a slight change in wind will change everything . If the day was going to be sunny , gusts of wind could blow rain clouds and cause the day to be overcasts%.H v ; i & L r+;iHv ;iF@00000088problem_solving_1@posttest02\H< pSF@00000088science-attitude-93posttest\L> pSF@00000088science-attitude-83posttest\L> pSF@00000088science-attitude-74posttest\L> pSF@00000088science-attitude-63posttest\L> pSF@00000088science-attitude-53posttest\L> pSF@00000088science-attitude-43posttest\L> pSF@00000088science-attitude-33posttest\L> pSF@00000088science-attitude-23posttest\L> pSF@00000088science-attitude-13posttest\L> = cF@00000065problem_solving_confidence1posttest02p\N = cF@00000065problem_solving_3@posttest02\H< = cF@00000065problem_solving_2@posttest02\H< = cF@00000065problem_solving_1$@posttest02\H< :F@00000065climate_knowledge_confidence1posttest01t`R :F@00000065climate_knowledge_10@posttest01bNB :F@00000065climate_knowledge_9f@posttest01`L@ :F@00000065climate_knowledge_8posttest01`L@ :F@00000065climate_knowledge_7N@posttest01`L@ :F@00000065climate_knowledge_6@posttest01`L@ :F@00000065climate_knowledge_5@posttest01`L@ :F@00000065climate_knowledge_4@posttest01`L@ :F@00000065climate_knowledge_3@posttest01`L@ :F@00000065climate_knowledge_2@posttest01`L@ :F@00000065climate_knowledge_1@posttest01`L@ F@00000065science-attitude-93posttest\L> F@00000065science-attitude-83posttest\L> F@00000065science-attitude-73posttest\L> F@00000065science-attitude-62posttest\L> F@00000065science-attitude-52posttest\L> F@00000065science-attitude-43posttest\L> F@00000065science-attitude-32posttest\L> F@00000065science-attitude-22posttest\L> F@00000065science-attitude-12posttest\L> qF@00000090problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N qF@00000090problem_solving_3l@posttest02\H< qF@00000090problem_solving_2@posttest02\H< LVAL  -it is an example of feedback , the feedback in this example is positive . the robots should travel in a pack and always be within the relatively small distance of another. - always use protection and -one robot policy (can they breed?prevent over population and -back up generator (in-case power failure) - scan the whole planet and put down smokes in marking places with goldNo the idea of emergent properties . As it would travel across the ocean it would encounter the sea breeze , effect which would counteract the butterfly flap. ( i believe that this phenomena is incorrect because , starships are meant to fly...it never said butterflies were)it is not stable , due to the depletion of the ozome layer and the increasing C02 emissions . the melting ice caps cause sea levels to rise and the increase in C02 , the depletion of the ozone layer are causing temperatures to rise.examples of dynamic equilibrium in climate systems include the decrease of sheep and the increase of foxes. As one rises, the other decreases so it maintains a balanceafter recording and collecting weather samples over decades and centuries , it is possible to find a trend and therefore predict climate. you have to factor in the depletion of the ozone layer as well as the carbon cycle.Weather is the measure of temperature , wind air pressure, etc. over a short period of time, whereas, climate is a measure of temperature, wind air pressure, etc. over a prolonged period of time. This data is then averaged.the carbon cycle is the movement of carbon between the biosphere, atmosphere and hydrosphere. the carbon cycle is a closed system-should reduce the amount of coal burnt as the excess of C02 in the atmosphere is causing an unbalance natural forces (ex, temperature. if the temperature goes up, then so does the water feedback continuing in a loop., increase in C)2 also proven to be greenhouse gas, which then contributes to global warming.LVAL< <the sun's rays are absorbed as heat on Earth, and the albedo reflects and absorbs this, which simultaneously cools down and heats up the earth. when it heats the earth up, it is giving a positive feedback.Firstly, the robots need to have a distinct map or image of the all planet's surface. they need to know where they need to go and also the amount of area that needs to be covered. Humans must also know where each of the robot are . The robots can not see or have minds of themselves to make logical decisions in which direction to go. if the humans wanted to be extra careful and dedicated to finding gold, they would send a first wave of robots travelling in a straight line (next to each other, not behind) to cover all surfaces first. Then a second wave to go over where the first wave of robots have been so that no gold is left behind. Each robot should mark the place where they have already been so they can't go there again. Robots should be split into groups and a assigned to a certain area It can not be possible that a butterfly flapping its wings in Brazil can jiggle the air and thus will create a snowstorm in Alaska.There are multiple reasons as to why. Firstly, there could be multiple butterflies in Brazil flapping their wings right now and possible everyday but that does not mean that there is a snowstorm everyday. Also s snowstorm is a natural disaster and is created from specific conditions in the climate and weather. If a butterfly was to flap its wings while it is summer in Alaska, there is absolutely no chance that temperature would fly to sub-zero temperature in an instant-try to equal earth's natural resources (3rd world countries- tragedies of the commons) -increase carbon tax -increase toll (people use cars less and public transport more, less C02 emissions -Caring is sharing (care bears)%.H v ; i . \ !Ou.Tz CiOfqG@00000084climate_knowledge_5@posttest01`L@ OfqG@00000084climate_knowledge_4@posttest01`L@ OfqG@00000084climate_knowledge_3@posttest01`L@ OfqG@00000084climate_knowledge_2@posttest01`L@ OfqG@00000084climate_knowledge_1,@posttest01`L@ =G@00000080climate_knowledge_confidence1posttest01t`R =G@00000080climate_knowledge_10 @posttest01bNB =G@00000080climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ =G@00000080climate_knowledge_8@posttest01`L@ =G@00000080climate_knowledge_7@posttest01`L@ =G@00000080climate_knowledge_6@posttest01`L@ =G@00000080climate_knowledge_5l@posttest01`L@ =G@00000080climate_knowledge_4t@posttest01`L@ =G@00000080climate_knowledge_3@posttest01`L@ =G@00000080climate_knowledge_2@posttest01`L@ =G@00000080climate_knowledge_1@posttest01`L@ ׮1G@00000084science-attitude-93posttest\L> ׮1G@00000084science-attitude-83posttest\L> ׮1G@00000084science-attitude-73posttest\L> ׮1G@00000084science-attitude-63posttest\L> ׮1G@00000084science-attitude-53posttest\L> ׮1G@00000084science-attitude-43posttest\L> ׮1G@00000084science-attitude-33posttest\L> ׮1G@00000084science-attitude-23posttest\L> ׮1G@00000084science-attitude-13posttest\L> kG@23456789science-attitude-93posttest\L> kG@23456789science-attitude-83posttest\L> kG@23456789science-attitude-73posttest\L> kG@23456789science-attitude-63posttest\L> kG@23456789science-attitude-53posttest\L> kG@23456789science-attitude-43posttest\L> kG@23456789science-attitude-33posttest\L> kG@23456789science-attitude-23posttest\L> kG@23456789science-attitude-13posttest\L> F@00000088problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N F@00000088problem_solving_3.@posttest02\H< F@00000088problem_solving_2H@posttest02\H< LVAL 4i think climate can be estimated, by studying records and by finding emerging trends. the predictions would be more of an estimate though, since trends could be affected at anytime..it can only be predicted about a week ahead of time, due to the random changes in air current direction and flow, and even that is not 100% accurate since air current flow varies so muchthey are different. weather refers to the conditions due to the changing air currents. it refers to conditions such as rain,storms, hail, etc. while climate, refers more to the temperature and physical state the earth's in for an extended period of time.the carbon cycle is the continuous recycling of carbon being changed from one form to another being 'evaporated' up to the atmosphere and then 'absorbed' back down, where it stays for a while before being once again 'evaporated' it is important because it demonstrates exactly what the over -released carbons from the burning of fossil fuel is doing to the earth. it shows how more carbon is being released and less is being re-cycled, thus increasing over earth's temperature.greenhouse gases are the many different types of gases that are present in the earth's atmosphere - (e.g carbon dioxide, hydrogen, and oxygen .etc) they are important as they act as 'layer' that determines the Earth's temperature, and affect the climate.Recommendations for a climate policy could be that before any major factory or any other mass producer of C02 is built, the amount of C02 it produces should be approximately measured and place in a area where carbon is more likely to be absorbed. So for example, closer to the oceans or masses of trees. countries also should be more aware of the amount of C02 produced each year . make future predictions of the climate, measurement and recording should be regularly recorded for sun ray levels, C02 levels. Absorption of C02 by oceans / amount of cloud cover and compare the measurements to see the relationships between them and observe the impacts they make`LVAL: l b6xThe carbon cycle is the amount is the amount of carbon that exist in the earth, which we have studied in many of the models and followed a carbon molecule . the carbon cycle cycles the amount of carbon on earth so that it travels both through the air and with complex systems can be absorbed as a part of tree's entity or a sheep . The carbon also can be part of the water and continues to move around on the earth as a part of the bigger system , the carbon cycle is important because it helps balance the amount of carbon in a dynamic equilibrium as things are always moving and move the carbon with them greenhouse gases are air particles in the atmosphere that help trap warmth from the sun in the earth. without greenhouse gases , the earth's temperature would not be habitable as it would be too cold .Greenhouse gases consists of particles such as carbon dioxide and water vaporcurrently it is not stable, temperatures on earth are undoubtedly increasing, due to the huge amounts of carbon released from the burning of fossil fuels. this over released of carbon disrupts the balance of gases that make up our greenhouse gases, meaning more heat from the sun is absorbed and less is able to escape back to space. as a result our global temperature rise, causing more cloud cover, therefore even more heat being absorbed and not being released, which again in turn increases the global temperaturethey are patterns that emerge from looking at results at a closer-scale. for example, as the earth's temperature rises so does the amount of water vapour evaporated. also, as more carbon is released, the temperature on earth risesas heat builds up on Earth, due to more heat being absorbed and less being released back into space, the temperature on earth rises. the rising of temperature also causes the amount of water vapour to increase which would in turn cause more cloud cover which again encourages the entrapment of heat within the earth, thus increasing the temeperature againzLVAL @dynamic equilibrium in climate systems is when every aspect of the system is at a balance., the feedback that are negative continue to prevent the system from over balancing and reaching a tipping point. An example, of dynamic equilibrium in climate system is like when the greenhouse gases and albedo of the earth help balance out the extreme rise in temperature and the greenhouse gases trapping a part of the reflected heat on earth through this they manage to sustain the balance moderate temperatureexamples of feedback in climate system is like when heat from the sun enters the earth atmosphere and warms the temperature. The feedback, the temperature that rises would melt the albedo that exists on the earth's surface, which would be the factor that helps cool down the earth by reflecting the sun's warmth. The warming temperature would be an example of positive feedback , as it pushes the cycle from dynamic equilibrium by decreasing and continually rising temperatures no, not quite. It is possible to construct a model that may happen the future, but because earth's condition are highly subject to change , a proper prediction that is educated guess be difficult to conductweather can be predicted through the use of satellites , looking at the pattern of cloud and measuring wind pressure. However, you can predict weather only when the time to predict is real, because many of the earths pattern are highly unpredictable and subject to changesimilar but different. weather is like part of the climate, whereas, climate is looking at earth's condition at a larger scale , weather is only looking at a particular part of the earth for a smaller range of time. Climate considers all aspects of condition for a long period of time and summaries the condition , weather takes like humidity , are temperature into account (wet, dry) and summaries the aspects , what are the conditions would be like in a small period of time more specifically, rain, sunny, so on.N$&L \ ! ; i  Hv ;a@fv a 4G@00000061problem_solving_2@posttest02\H< a 4G@00000061problem_solving_1\@posttest02\H< ֮3G@00000061climate_knowledge_confidence3posttest01t`R ֮3G@00000061climate_knowledge_10@posttest01bNB ֮3G@00000061climate_knowledge_9@posttest01`L@ ֮3G@00000061climate_knowledge_8@posttest01`L@ ֮3G@00000061climate_knowledge_7@posttest01`L@ ֮3G@00000061climate_knowledge_6@posttest01`L@ ֮3G@00000061climate_knowledge_5@posttest01`L@ ֮3G@00000061climate_knowledge_4@posttest01`L@ ֮3G@00000061climate_knowledge_3@posttest01`L@ ֮3G@00000061climate_knowledge_2^@posttest01`L@ ֮3G@00000061climate_knowledge_1&@posttest01`L@ G3G@00000061science-attitude-94posttest\L> G3G@00000061science-attitude-83posttest\L> G3G@00000061science-attitude-73posttest\L> G3G@00000061science-attitude-63posttest\L> G3G@00000061science-attitude-53posttest\L> G3G@00000061science-attitude-43posttest\L> G3G@00000061science-attitude-33posttest\L> G3G@00000061science-attitude-23posttest\L> G3G@00000061science-attitude-13posttest\L> b԰G@00000084problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N b԰G@00000084problem_solving_3r@posttest02\H< b԰G@00000084problem_solving_22@posttest02\H< b԰G@00000084problem_solving_1@posttest02\H< 6G@00000080problem_solving_confidence1posttest02p\N 6G@00000080problem_solving_3@posttest02\H< 6G@00000080problem_solving_2@posttest02\H< 6G@00000080problem_solving_1@posttest02\H< OfqG@00000084climate_knowledge_confidence3posttest01t`R OfqG@00000084climate_knowledge_10@posttest01bNB OfqG@00000084climate_knowledge_9@posttest01`L@ OfqG@00000084climate_knowledge_8D@posttest01`L@ OfqG@00000084climate_knowledge_7@posttest01`L@ OfqG@00000084climate_knowledge_6@posttest01`L@ LVAL currently, the global climate system is quite stable. this is because effect produces by human in concerns of carbon and temperatures has not fully collapsed the system. However, if we continue the action that had been taken , the global climate system will most likely reach a tipping point where temperatures reaches very high and melt the reflecting albedo on earth. Therefore, overall it can be argued that essentially the system is not quite stable because of the excess of the production of carbon dioxide The tragedy of commons so like the tipping point of a climate system, when a positive feedback is received and when it reaches a certain point pushes the system to only one side of the balance. this can happen when heat from the sun enters the earth and due to rising temperatures would melt the albedo therefore leading to the temperatures growing higher and higher. This can also happen , vice versa, when the albedo reflects too much warmth , therefore resulting in a very cold temperature and forming more albedoemergent properties are properties that emerge on a larger scale so when smaller parts in their own individual systems play their role, it produces an emergent that contributes to a dynamic equilibrium or balance. This can be found happening in the sea breeze and difference in temperature between the ocean surface and earth's surface. Because each property has different temperatures, the difference created produces a cooling effect on the land carried by wind. this overall produces a balanced temperature on land, being the emergent property,LVAL. @the increase of forestation slowly reduces the amount of carbon dioxide in the air,(photosynthesis), which means that if we plant more trees, while we are still in the process of finding solutions, we can still gradually decrease or at least maintain the more constant climate. Obviously less fossil fuel burning released less carbons, so if we place more restrictions and/or limitations of the amount of fossil fuels countries can burn, it could also greatly reduce its negative effectsthey should be made with devices that will alert other robots,when one finds gold, so that the process is quicker, more efficient and more productive. this is similar to how ants work, how they take in food and release a chemical trail, on the way to find even more food, and this chemical acts as a trail for surrounding ants to follow to find food, meaning that more food is collected at one time.at the current point in time, i do not believe that a butterfly could 'that greatly' affect the air current. However it could be possible at a point in the near future, it our global climate continues to unstabilise. air current flow and direction is already very inconsistent, and an unstable climate is only going to further increase its unpredictable nature, which could also mean that an animal or even butterfly could possibly 'jiggle' the air in one place of the world enough for it to start 'domino effecting' surrounding air currents thus causing severe storms in different parts of the world, such as Alaska.LLVAL, bgreenhouse gases are gases emitted from the earth. They help keep our temperature, climate and atmosphere at stable levels . they are natural gasesit would be essential that temperature should not reach a certain in many parts of the world, so that there is no positive feedback pushing systems out of balance. Furthermore, if there is an imbalance that occurs, ( i.e. albedo melting)it would be necessary that we have a back up plan to support the dynamic equilibrium of the system such as cooling system ( eg. no carbon day/week and other events)to push close tipping point to revert to its balance state. we could also introduce a world public holiday where we support awareness for the need of a balanced system.in order to keep the robots with the ability to communicate with one another without being disrupted by solar flares, it would be essential that the robots are supplies with the program of knowing not to travel too far away from each other, and staying within the maximum distance that they all can reach , therefore, covering a certain amount of area it would be important that we link the robots and make sure they travel groups. Additionally, robots much be programmed so that they are able to direct themselves back to the spaceship.when looking at all the climate system at a macro level scale, it is very difficult to determine whether a butterfly flapping its wings can actually create a snowstorm in Alaska. There is slight chance in my opinion that this can happen, however, i think this concept relates to emergent properties quite significantly and therefore when a lot of butterflies playing their roles as part of their individual systems and flapping wings in Brazil could contribute adding wind , and so when looked at large scale, is likely to have helped produce a snowstorm in Alaska maybe not fully but helped increase the strength etc.8LVAL  Ra current global climate system is stable because our ozone layer is still reasonably protective and helps keep our temperature's somewhat stable. Though if we keep on using the world as we are now the global climate system will become more and more unstable due to humans using too many fossil fuels and exploiting the environmentemergent properties can appear an extended period of time of doing something. for example when freezing water is eventually becomes ice.an example of a dynamic equilibrium in a climate system is the carbon cycle. this is because the carbon never dies or disappears, but just moves around in the atmosphere, it is always present in the atmospheresome examples of feedback in a climate system are for example the density of a forest during bushfire. this is because the density of the forest will then affect the percentage of forest burnedweather is the temperature of a location over a shorter period of time, while climate includes the weather , humidity, rainfall, wind speed, etc. over a longer period of time and averages it outthe carbon cycle is the movement of a carbon atom in the atmosphere from the instance an animal, to a tree, into the sea and then back into the atmosphere, the importance of the carbon cycle is that it is a dynamic equilibrium because the carbon is always in the atmosphere and never dies or disappears.LVAL On the distant once the robots have landed they should all spread out and search in separate areas for gold in order to attain as much as possible. perhaps the robots should also be separated into smaller groups when they're searching for the gold so that they can stay relatively close and communicate with each other easily; because they can only communicate over relatively short distances. Furthermore, just in case, the robots should be told and designed to not to get violent. because on the planet with no control of humans the robots could end up fighting over a piece of gold. lastly, the robots should be checked before sending them as to make sure all the settings are correct and that the robots will obey their ordersI don't believe this is a positive that a little butterfly flapping its tiny wings could cause a snowstorm in Alaska. Perhaps if there were already many powerful contributions to the snowstorm the butterfly flapping its wings could help cause a snowstorm in Alaska. To create a snowstorm there would also have to be extreme weather conditions as well as powerful winds. The force emitted from a butterfly , flapping its wings is no where near the power needed to trigger a snowstorm. To conclude, it would be very unlikely for a Brazilian butterfly to cause a snowstorm though perhaps the force from numerous butterflies could contribute to the triggering of a snow storm in Alaska.LVAL\ `Hone example for feedback on climate system is the output/input of sun radiation which is then absorbed and released back into space as infrared depending on cloud cover and other factors (this is negative feedback as it rises to put it back into a dynamic equilibrium)yes, climate can be predicted from weather at the part which is then combined with statistics of the present( ex. fossil fuel usage) to predict what the climate maybe in the futurethey are different. Weather is the predicted temperature of the day whereas climate is found based on weather over a long period of time.the carbon cycle is the process of carbon through the atmosphere, into the ocean , back into the atmosphere, converted into oxygen through plants (photosynthesis) so trapped in plants and released again. It is a constant cycle where the carbon is not destroyed not transferred and sharedthe greenhouse gases are gases in the atmosphere such as carbon dioxide and water vapor that traps heat that is reflected off the earth. They are important because they keep the temperature of the earth warm enough so that living creatures and ecosystems can thrive/live and plants can growSome recommendations for the United Nations committee on the issue of climate policy could be the reduction of fossil fuels use by the human population in order to decrease the C02 levels. Another recommendation could be to use more environmentally friendly items to help protect the environment. Furthermore we could try to keep the grass levels up for animals so that they have a stable supplu of good so they don't become extinct due to lack of food. Lastly, solar panels could be further encouraged so that more families and households install them. this would also help decrease the levels of fossil fuels being created by humans. Though these ways and many more the climate of the world will hopefully improve  %H v ; i " H n%;iHv ;aq6G@00000089climate_knowledge_2$@posttest01`L@ q6G@00000089climate_knowledge_1@posttest01`L@ Gz6G@00000089science-attitude-93posttest\L> Gz6G@00000089science-attitude-84posttest\L> Gz6G@00000089science-attitude-73posttest\L> Gz6G@00000089science-attitude-63posttest\L> Gz6G@00000089science-attitude-53posttest\L> Gz6G@00000089science-attitude-42posttest\L> Gz6G@00000089science-attitude-33posttest\L> Gz6G@00000089science-attitude-23posttest\L> Gz6G@00000089science-attitude-12posttest\L> 2~5G@00000082problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N 2~5G@00000082problem_solving_3@posttest02\H< 2~5G@00000082problem_solving_2X@posttest02\H< 2~5G@00000082problem_solving_1@posttest02\H< {4G@00000082climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R {4G@00000082climate_knowledge_10@posttest01bNB {4G@00000082climate_knowledge_9@posttest01`L@ {4G@00000082climate_knowledge_8^@posttest01`L@ {4G@00000082climate_knowledge_7@posttest01`L@ {4G@00000082climate_knowledge_6@posttest01`L@ {4G@00000082climate_knowledge_5h@posttest01`L@ {4G@00000082climate_knowledge_4@posttest01`L@ {4G@00000082climate_knowledge_3@posttest01`L@ {4G@00000082climate_knowledge_2>@posttest01`L@ {4G@00000082climate_knowledge_1D@posttest01`L@ { %4G@00000082science-attitude-93posttest\L> { %4G@00000082science-attitude-84posttest\L> { %4G@00000082science-attitude-74posttest\L> { %4G@00000082science-attitude-64posttest\L> { %4G@00000082science-attitude-53posttest\L> { %4G@00000082science-attitude-44posttest\L> { %4G@00000082science-attitude-33posttest\L> { %4G@00000082science-attitude-23posttest\L> { %4G@00000082science-attitude-13posttest\L> a 4G@00000061problem_solving_confidence3posttest02p\N a 4G@00000061problem_solving_3@posttest02\H< LVAL 4I do not believe this is possible because although climate change is occurring which may cause a snowstorm in Alaska, a butterfly flapping its wings will not contribute a lot (of carbon) to climate change and so i don't think a butterfly can cause such great change. The (around) 7 Billion of us humans can as we are constantly burning fossil fuels and putting more carbon into the atmosphere which results in change in climate and weather but a single butterfly can notit is not very stable with the increasing use of carbon dioxide and burning of fossil fuels which results in rising temperature and more carbon dioxide but the same amount of resources to reduce the carbon on the atmospherean example of tragedy of commons in climate systems is farming where everyone farms a lot., thinking everyone else won't which increases the carbon rising put into the atmosphere, creating a tipping point at which the positive feedback overrules the negativeexamples of emergent properties include dust particles which are seen to move on a circular motion with the wind which is caused by the rising and falling of hot air when temperatures rise. We see this pattern when there is more than one dust particle because of the behavior of the particles as a groupAn example is the cycle where without any other factors such as fossil fuel burning. There is a balance in climate system where temperatures are relatively similar and carbon is on a constant cycle through the atmosphere , the oceans and the living thingsdLVAL xGreenhouse gases are gases that trap sunlight in the atmosphere which warms the earth up. when sun rays hit the earth, some are reflected back to space by the albedo effect, but some are trapped on the surface /lower atmosphere by greenhouse gases like C02 . It's important because without it the earth would be very coldSome recommendations I would make are; firstly, to try to reduce carbon dioxide levels on the case of reducing the burning of fossil fuels because it breaks the carbon cycle and creates negative feedback. Secondly, to be aware and try to prevent incidents/activity that promotes a tipping point as seen on the water feedback model, where the temperature increased at alarming rates towards 100 degrees centigrade with no signs of slowing . Also, I would recommend the observation of patterns of emergence in the climate systems as by these patterns , we may see a change that can be further explored into to figure out solutions to helping decrease carbon levels and improving the climate change problem we currently have.Another strategy that can be used is the idea of a positive feedback loop where when each robot finds gold, it sends out waves to other robots which then also send out waves allowing more robots to join together at the same place to retrieve the gold. this is like the ants model where they diffuse chemicals which allows other ants from other colony to find the food and so creating a ( positive) chain of ants to and from the food until there is none left, when they restart this cycle when an ant find (more) food in a different location. It should also be noted that the ( diffusion rate or) communication of the robots should be sent more than once and for longer periods of time to increase the chance of more robots finding the gold and receiving the waves which allow it to find to position of the gold LVAL L  yes it is relatively stable now but won't be for much longer. This is because of the excessive amount of fossil fuels being burnt causing the climate system to become unstable.examples of dynamic equilibrium in climate systems; temperatures stay relatively stable due to the balanced amount of fossil fuels burning. albedo effect and the amount of sunlight. When they are in scale , temperatures stay in a state of dynamic equilibriuman example of feedback in climate system would be the ocean's evaporation and the temperatures rising. when the temperature rise , the ocean will evaporate faster. The ice glaciers would also melt , causing lower albedo effect. A lower albedo effect would mean higher temperatures which will cause a cycle. This is a feedback loop. Another example is when temperatures rise, oceans will evaporate faster causing more water vapor in the atmosphere. this will mean ore cloud cover and temperatures will rise due to this . it is a feedback loopyes, pretty accurately, This is because scientists can look at previous patterns of climate and the variety of factors affecting climate like C02 levels and the amount of greenhouse gases can be used to predict climateDifferent, weather is a short term and is very predictable. It is affected by many different factors and can change very quickly. Climate is long term and scientist can predict the climate pretty accurately by looking at different factorsthe carbon cycle is the cycle of C02 , for example if you follow one C02 molecule it is an endless cycle of being produced by burning of fossil fuels , going into the atmosphere , then being absorbed in a tree then when the tree is cut down it goes back into the atmosphere. it is important because without carbon trees wouldn't be able to survive and therefore no oxygen - which means humans wouldn't &L r 7 Q F ;0= cG@science-attitude-93posttestL<. = cG@science-attitude-83posttestL<. = cG@science-attitude-73posttestL<. = cG@science-attitude-63posttestL<. = cG@science-attitude-53posttestL<. = cG@science-attitude-43posttestL<. = cG@science-attitude-33posttestL<. = cG@science-attitude-23posttestL<. = cG@science-attitude-13posttestL<. 7i7G@00000089problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N 7i7G@00000089problem_solving_32@posttest02\H< 7i7G@00000089problem_solving_2@posttest02\H< 7i7G@00000089problem_solving_1@posttest02\H< q6G@00000089climate_knowledge_confidence3posttest01t`R q6G@00000089climate_knowledge_10`@posttest01bNB q6G@00000089climate_knowledge_9 C02 levelsposttest01lX@ q6G@00000089climate_knowledge_8posttest01`L@ q6G@00000089climate_knowledge_7@posttest01`L@ q6G@00000089climate_knowledge_6:@posttest01`L@ q6G@00000089climate_knowledge_5@posttest01`L@ q6G@00000089climate_knowledge_4@posttest01`L@ q6G@00000089climate_knowledge_3@posttest01`L@ LVALR \*I recommend that we minimize and restrict a certain amount of fossil burning as fossil fuel burning only produces more C02, a greenhouse gas. More greenhouse gases will mean temperatures rising and ice caps melting causing a lessened albedo effect which will only heat up the earth more. Another recommendation is that we provide more environmentally friendly ways of energy, like solar power instead of fossil fuel burning. it will reduce the waste and C02 levels currently in the atmosphere and will be good for the climate long termThe robots could have a communication system where they leave a trail for the other robots to find when they find gold. When another robot finds the trail they could strengthen it so that others find it also which means hat a lot of robots could help dig up a gold deposit. The trail could be like a radar signal that others can pick up when they are near the vicinity . the signal could fade over time so that robots don't become confused with too many signals. Another rule could be that once all the robots should return and deposit the gold, they found in a big gold bin once theirs is full. This will mean that the robot could keep searching for gold after they fill up their bin so the robot could be as effective and wuick as possible to find all the gold A butterfly flapping its wings could possibly help cause a snowstorm in Alaska, by jiggling the air with his wings. this is possible as the tiny air movement caused by the butterfly is air movement nevertheless. The air flow could rise as Brazil is a tropical humid place and warm air rises . the air will get swept up by larger winds and reach Alaska where the air is cold and dense. this could indeed then contribute to some larger winds in Alaska and help a ssnowstorm@ YaccoN Y { Y d Y Y  Y  dusernamequestion answerdate_entered pageIDl|ce_: | itt# YYYY answerdate_entered pageIDPRIMARY         LVAL  Rt2Tdynamic equilibrium is the balance between oceanic C02 and atmospheric C02climate can be predicted by looking at the history of the past and by looking at the conditions of the prresentyes, to some extent. weather can be told by looking at the types of winds ( cold/warm fronts) coming inweather and climate are two different things. weather is a description of a plac and its conditions at a specific time, climate is a description of a vast area over a long period of timethe carbon cycle is the cycle of a carbon molecule travels on the earth. it could be absorbed by the ocean , land on a tree or stay flowing in the atmosphere. it is important because this cycle of carbon sculpts the level of C02 in the aircarbon gases are gases like the carbon dioxide and water vapor that trapped within the earth's atmosphere. they are important because they play a big role in the temperature of the earth and the level of C02 in the atmosphere -Should be able to find its way back to the spaceship when its carrying bin is full and proceed to find more gold. -Should never be able to be too close to another robot to make the gold searching efficient (work in their own areas). -Maybe work as a team (searchers and robots who bring back the gold to the spaceship to work productively.I don't think it's possible. A tiny butterfly thousands of km away from Alaska wouldn't cause a snowstorm. You probably wouldn't even feel wind in Brazil from the butterfly. It could be a metaphor for exess carbon use in one country affecting another country though...(tragedy of the commons).-Freeze carbon dioxide to make dry ice, bury in Central Australia/anywhere that isn't inhabited, or send to mars where their polar caps are made of dry ice. -Use nuclear energy+bury in the places. -Stop politicians arguing about refuges and stop being money hungry, selfish and unwilling to find what's best for the common good. -Reward households for the carbon emissions?bLVALH xj&emergent properties are when pattern emerges in nature due to individual behaviors weather can be predicted but only days at a time as it is quite unpredictable and is influenced by many factorsThese are gases that are released into the atmosphere, either due to human activity or naturally. these gases cause a greenhouse effect, when in the atmosphere-they allow heat in, but don't allow it back out. if there are too many greenhouse gases the earth will keep warming up as no heat would be releasewith climate change escalating day by day, below are some recommendations of the the slowing down climate change and perhaps even preventing it. 1. monitor the factory use of carbon dioxide to an extent that when a factory exceeds it emissions of C02. it is no longer allowed to produce any of its products. 2. people who breach the limit of carbon dioxide emissions have to pay more tax Let some robots follow the other robots like the ant model. and let the robots flock together and move in mass amounts like the bird modelI don't think that it is possible for a snowstorm to occur in Alaska if a butterfly flaps its wings in Brazil. First of all, Alaska and Brazil have a very large distance between them and the strength of a butterfly flapping its wings is not enough to cause the change in wind patterns and create a snowstorm in Alaska. Secondly, a butterfly flapping its wings and causing a snowstorm in Alaska is not ideal because what if there was a whole group of butterflies all flapping their wing together? these are the reasons why i don't think that a butterfly flapping its wings can help cause snowstorm in Alaskait is rising steadily but could change dramatically . the emission of C02 increases the temperature of the earth and therefore causes the climate gradually get warmerexamples of feedback is the burning of trees an the density of the forest. this cycle feeds back on itself. the higher the density , the quicker the rate at which the trees will burn%%H v ; e  D j ;UHv 7]8F@00000074climate_knowledge_3X@posttest01`L@ 8F@00000074climate_knowledge_2@posttest01`L@ 8F@00000074climate_knowledge_1.@posttest01`L@ |ݨF@00000074science-attitude-93posttest\L> |ݨF@00000074science-attitude-83posttest\L> |ݨF@00000074science-attitude-73posttest\L> |ݨF@00000074science-attitude-63posttest\L> |ݨF@00000074science-attitude-52posttest\L> |ݨF@00000074science-attitude-42posttest\L> |ݨF@00000074science-attitude-33posttest\L> |ݨF@00000074science-attitude-23posttest\L> |ݨF@00000074science-attitude-13posttest\L> .F@00000068problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N .F@00000068problem_solving_3@posttest02\H< .F@00000068problem_solving_22@posttest02\H< .F@00000068problem_solving_1T@posttest02\H< WOF@00000068climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R WOF@00000068climate_knowledge_10@posttest01bNB WOF@00000068climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ WOF@00000068climate_knowledge_8@posttest01`L@ WOF@00000068climate_knowledge_7@posttest01`L@ WOF@00000068climate_knowledge_6@posttest01`L@ WOF@00000068climate_knowledge_5$@posttest01`L@ WOF@00000068climate_knowledge_4@posttest01`L@ WOF@00000068climate_knowledge_3`@posttest01`L@ WOF@00000068climate_knowledge_2@posttest01`L@ WOF@00000068climate_knowledge_1d@posttest01`L@ F@00000068science-attitude-93posttest\L> F@00000068science-attitude-83posttest\L> F@00000068science-attitude-73posttest\L> F@00000068science-attitude-64posttest\L> F@00000068science-attitude-53posttest\L> F@00000068science-attitude-43posttest\L> F@00000068science-attitude-33posttest\L> F@00000068science-attitude-23posttest\L> F@00000068science-attitude-13posttest\L> F@00000076problem_solving_confidence1posttest02p\N LVAL jfeedback in climatic systems can include -melting of polar ice caps due to the earth warming. this leads to higher sea level. -plants and animals flourish more in some climatic systems due to the fact that they may like rhe average weather conditions and rainfall in the place. yes, it is possible. For example, if a person picks up a worm lying on the ground, the kind that was going to eat that worm would die of hunger and so would its chicks. because those chicks died a feral bobcat also starves because it doesn't get to eat those chicks. because of decomposition of the bobcat, the soil would get nutrition and plants will flourish, more oxygen will be released in the air. If that happens all the creatures on earth will continue to live. all of this possible because of a human who picked up a worm he/she saw along the wayyes it is stable, there is a gradual rise in the overall temperature of the worldfor example C02 is heated in the water and it rises, which decreases the amount of C02 in the water. however, C02 that has cooled in the air sinks, again, leveling out the level of C02 in the wateran example is the input of the sun's rays and the output od the overall rise in temperature. when the temperature rises more greenhouse gases are released , this leads to more heat being sustained which leads to an overall increase in temperatureyes, climate can be predicted as it is along term characteristics , so statistics over a long period of time can be used to predict future climateno they are not. weather is the immediate characteristics of an area such as cloudy , rainy , windy. while climate is the long-term characteristics such as tropical , dry, etc.the carbon cycle is a repetitive cycle that occurs in nature. for example, carbon dioxide in the air cools down and is absorbed by water. the heats up the water and C02 and the C02 is released back into the air. These continues to happen again and againXLVAL dtno climate can not be predicted. we can make an educated guess about climate but it can not be predicted as climate takes place over a long period of time and there maybe different variables that may affect the climate that we may not even know of.yes, weather can be predicted using hot air balloons and satellite images, etc. it can be predicted but the predictions may not entirely be accurateweather and climate are not the same. Weather is the conditions present on a short time period, whilst climate is the average weather conditions over a long period of time.the carbon cycle is the movement of carbon and all its different states throughout all the spheres(biosphere, atmosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere). the carbon cylce is important as it is part of our every day lives and all living things are affected by carbon. If the carbon is affected in one sphere, all the other spheres are affected toogreenhouse gases are gasses such as carbon , that gets trapped in the atmosphere. they are important as they play a major role in keeping heat on earthcarbon emissions should be reduced., especially on days with high cloud cover to minimize the rise in temperature, as C02 acts as a catalyst in the natural rise and fall of overall temperature. Instead of allowing the earth to cool, it increases the amount of greenhouse and gases and allows less heat to escape from the atmosphere, thus acting as a catalyst in the gradual rise of temperaturethe robots should have a sensor that tells them if they have already been in that area and dad cleaned it. then they should tell the next robot they meet and that robot should tell the next robot if it meets and so on. after their bins are filled , they should go back to the ship and empty their bins, all the while spreading words of areas that has been searched. the robots should travel in threes . One robot would communicate with other groups and the other two would sense and dig the gold , just in case one robot miss some gold. =%%&L j z  ? m  2 `%SFt 9g~fۋD@00000054science-attitude-82posttest\L> ~fۋD@00000054science-attitude-73posttest\L> ~fۋD@00000054science-attitude-63posttest\L> ~fۋD@00000054science-attitude-52posttest\L> ~fۋD@00000054science-attitude-41posttest\L> ~fۋD@00000054science-attitude-33posttest\L> ~fۋD@00000054science-attitude-23posttest\L> ~fۋD@00000054science-attitude-12posttest\L> SًD@00000051science-attitude-94posttest\L> SًD@00000051science-attitude-84posttest\L> SًD@00000051science-attitude-73posttest\L> SًD@00000051science-attitude-62posttest\L> SًD@00000051science-attitude-52posttest\L> SًD@00000051science-attitude-42posttest\L> SًD@00000051science-attitude-32posttest\L> SًD@00000051science-attitude-23posttest\L> SًD@00000051science-attitude-13posttest\L> ؂-؋D@00000060science-attitude-93posttest\L> ؂-؋D@00000060science-attitude-83posttest\L> ؂-؋D@00000060science-attitude-73posttest\L> ؂-؋D@00000060science-attitude-62posttest\L> ؂-؋D@00000060science-attitude-53posttest\L> ؂-؋D@00000060science-attitude-42posttest\L> ؂-؋D@00000060science-attitude-33posttest\L> ؂-؋D@00000060science-attitude-22posttest\L> ؂-؋D@00000060science-attitude-13posttest\L>  F@00000074problem_solving_3@posttest02\H<  F@00000074problem_solving_2R@posttest02\H<  F@00000074problem_solving_1@posttest02\H< 8F@00000074climate_knowledge_confidence3posttest01t`R 8F@00000074climate_knowledge_10b@posttest01bNB 8F@00000074climate_knowledge_9WHAT?1posttest01hT@ 8F@00000074climate_knowledge_8posttest01`L@ 8F@00000074climate_knowledge_7posttest01`L@ 8F@00000074climate_knowledge_60@posttest01`L@ 8F@00000074climate_knowledge_5@posttest01`L@ 8F@00000074climate_knowledge_4(@posttest01`L@ LVAL Xthe carbon cycle is a cycle where things release carbon and other things such as trees use this carbon to put back oxygen so that other forms if life on the earth can use it and turn it back into carbongreenhouse gases are gases that are in the atmosphere and keep the heat from escaping the earth. they are important so that we don;t freeze to deathtax companies for the amount of carbon they use or limit the use of the amount of carbon , a company can use. This way the company will be more careful about using carbon and will try to find alternatives. Also the money collected from these companies can be invested in many things. some of which can be used on finding and setting up alternatives for burning fossil fuels to create electricity. In the diagrams, we have seen that the more fossil fuels the we burn, the higher the avergae temperature of the earth will get. this is on way that we can help prevent this planet from being unlivable.if you limit the robots to a small areas for a set amount of time and then allocate tehm to another small section and another small sectio until all the surface area on that planet is covered. this way the robots can communicate with each other whilst making sure that they cover all of the land.I do not believe that a butterfly jiggling the air in Brazil can cause such a large event as snowstorm in Alaska. I believe that other factors such as wind patterns and weather patterns would cause the snowstorm in the Alaska. If something so small could create such a large event then what would happen if a whole flock of butterflies gathered together and flapped their wings?I believe that the climatic system is stable but only for a short period of time. If we continue living this way, the average global temperatures will rise and it will be livable for a while but when the temperature of the earth rises to much , it will eventually affect all the populations on this earth.%&.\ ! O }  B p  5c(VIw<jQߋD@00000031science-attitude-13posttest\L> iߋD@00000037science-attitude-94posttest\L> iߋD@00000037science-attitude-84posttest\L> iߋD@00000037science-attitude-74posttest\L> iߋD@00000037science-attitude-64posttest\L> iߋD@00000037science-attitude-53posttest\L> iߋD@00000037science-attitude-43posttest\L> iߋD@00000037science-attitude-34posttest\L> iߋD@00000037science-attitude-23posttest\L> iߋD@00000037science-attitude-13posttest\L> :WދD@00000032science-attitude-92posttest\L> :WދD@00000032science-attitude-83posttest\L> :WދD@00000032science-attitude-73posttest\L> :WދD@00000032science-attitude-63posttest\L> :WދD@00000032science-attitude-53posttest\L> :WދD@00000032science-attitude-42posttest\L> :WދD@00000032science-attitude-33posttest\L> :WދD@00000032science-attitude-23posttest\L> :WދD@00000032science-attitude-13posttest\L> #݋D@00000045science-attitude-94posttest\L> #݋D@00000045science-attitude-83posttest\L> #݋D@00000045science-attitude-73posttest\L> #݋D@00000045science-attitude-64posttest\L> #݋D@00000045science-attitude-52posttest\L> #݋D@00000045science-attitude-43posttest\L> #݋D@00000045science-attitude-33posttest\L> #݋D@00000045science-attitude-23posttest\L> #݋D@00000045science-attitude-13posttest\L> ݋D@00000048science-attitude-93posttest\L> ݋D@00000048science-attitude-83posttest\L> ݋D@00000048science-attitude-73posttest\L> ݋D@00000048science-attitude-63posttest\L> ݋D@00000048science-attitude-51posttest\L> ݋D@00000048science-attitude-43posttest\L> ݋D@00000048science-attitude-33posttest\L> ݋D@00000048science-attitude-22posttest\L> ݋D@00000048science-attitude-12posttest\L> ~fۋD@00000054science-attitude-93posttest\L> %&.\ ! O }  B p  5c(VIw<j D@00000044science-attitude-33posttest\L>  D@00000044science-attitude-23posttest\L>  D@00000044science-attitude-13posttest\L>  D@00000040science-attitude-94posttest\L>  D@00000040science-attitude-83posttest\L>  D@00000040science-attitude-72posttest\L>  D@00000040science-attitude-63posttest\L>  D@00000040science-attitude-52posttest\L>  D@00000040science-attitude-43posttest\L>  D@00000040science-attitude-33posttest\L>  D@00000040science-attitude-23posttest\L>  D@00000040science-attitude-13posttest\L> a D@00000052science-attitude-93posttest\L> a D@00000052science-attitude-83posttest\L> a D@00000052science-attitude-73posttest\L> a D@00000052science-attitude-62posttest\L> a D@00000052science-attitude-52posttest\L> a D@00000052science-attitude-41posttest\L> a D@00000052science-attitude-32posttest\L> a D@00000052science-attitude-23posttest\L> a D@00000052science-attitude-12posttest\L> " D@00000038science-attitude-93posttest\L> " D@00000038science-attitude-82posttest\L> " D@00000038science-attitude-73posttest\L> " D@00000038science-attitude-63posttest\L> " D@00000038science-attitude-52posttest\L> " D@00000038science-attitude-43posttest\L> " D@00000038science-attitude-33posttest\L> " D@00000038science-attitude-22posttest\L> " D@00000038science-attitude-12posttest\L> QߋD@00000031science-attitude-92posttest\L> QߋD@00000031science-attitude-82posttest\L> QߋD@00000031science-attitude-73posttest\L> QߋD@00000031science-attitude-64posttest\L> QߋD@00000031science-attitude-52posttest\L> QߋD@00000031science-attitude-42posttest\L> QߋD@00000031science-attitude-34posttest\L> QߋD@00000031science-attitude-23posttest\L> %&.\ ! 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O }  B p  5c(VIw<jdD@00000105science-attitude-94posttest\L> dD@00000105science-attitude-84posttest\L> dD@00000105science-attitude-73posttest\L> dD@00000105science-attitude-63posttest\L> dD@00000105science-attitude-53posttest\L> dD@00000105science-attitude-43posttest\L> dD@00000105science-attitude-33posttest\L> dD@00000105science-attitude-24posttest\L> dD@00000105science-attitude-13posttest\L> fqD@00000091science-attitude-94posttest\L> fqD@00000091science-attitude-84posttest\L> fqD@00000091science-attitude-74posttest\L> fqD@00000091science-attitude-63posttest\L> fqD@00000091science-attitude-52posttest\L> fqD@00000091science-attitude-43posttest\L> fqD@00000091science-attitude-32posttest\L> fqD@00000091science-attitude-24posttest\L> fqD@00000091science-attitude-13posttest\L> fqD@00000042science-attitude-93posttest\L> fqD@00000042science-attitude-83posttest\L> fqD@00000042science-attitude-73posttest\L> fqD@00000042science-attitude-63posttest\L> fqD@00000042science-attitude-52posttest\L> fqD@00000042science-attitude-42posttest\L> fqD@00000042science-attitude-33posttest\L> fqD@00000042science-attitude-23posttest\L> fqD@00000042science-attitude-12posttest\L> = YD@00000056science-attitude-93posttest\L> = YD@00000056science-attitude-83posttest\L> = YD@00000056science-attitude-73posttest\L> = YD@00000056science-attitude-63posttest\L> = YD@00000056science-attitude-53posttest\L> = YD@00000056science-attitude-43posttest\L> = YD@00000056science-attitude-33posttest\L> = YD@00000056science-attitude-23posttest\L> = YD@00000056science-attitude-13posttest\L> RD@00000095science-attitude-94posttest\L> RD@00000095science-attitude-84posttest\L> %&.\ ! 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O }  B p  5c(VIw<j)\D@00000098science-attitude-63posttest\L> )\D@00000098science-attitude-52posttest\L> )\D@00000098science-attitude-42posttest\L> )\D@00000098science-attitude-33posttest\L> )\D@00000098science-attitude-23posttest\L> )\D@00000098science-attitude-12posttest\L> ZHD@00000107science-attitude-93posttest\L> ZHD@00000107science-attitude-84posttest\L> ZHD@00000107science-attitude-74posttest\L> ZHD@00000107science-attitude-63posttest\L> ZHD@00000107science-attitude-53posttest\L> ZHD@00000107science-attitude-43posttest\L> ZHD@00000107science-attitude-33posttest\L> ZHD@00000107science-attitude-23posttest\L> ZHD@00000107science-attitude-13posttest\L> D@00000114science-attitude-94posttest\L> D@00000114science-attitude-84posttest\L> D@00000114science-attitude-74posttest\L> D@00000114science-attitude-63posttest\L> D@00000114science-attitude-53posttest\L> D@00000114science-attitude-43posttest\L> D@00000114science-attitude-33posttest\L> D@00000114science-attitude-22posttest\L> D@00000114science-attitude-13posttest\L> F@D@00000092science-attitude-93posttest\L> F@D@00000092science-attitude-83posttest\L> F@D@00000092science-attitude-73posttest\L> F@D@00000092science-attitude-63posttest\L> F@D@00000092science-attitude-53posttest\L> F@D@00000092science-attitude-43posttest\L> F@D@00000092science-attitude-33posttest\L> F@D@00000092science-attitude-23posttest\L> F@D@00000092science-attitude-13posttest\L> D@00000116science-attitude-94posttest\L> D@00000116science-attitude-84posttest\L> D@00000116science-attitude-74posttest\L> D@00000116science-attitude-63posttest\L> D@00000116science-attitude-54posttest\L> %$.X ~  7 M b x =cBRx 1W'D@00000058climate_knowledge_7@ posttest01`L@ 'D@00000058climate_knowledge_6@ posttest01`L@ 'D@00000058climate_knowledge_5@ posttest01`L@ 'D@00000058climate_knowledge_4@posttest01`L@ 'D@00000058climate_knowledge_3@posttest01`L@ 'D@00000058climate_knowledge_2@posttest01`L@ 'D@00000058climate_knowledge_1@posttest01`L@  &D@00000045climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R  &D@00000045climate_knowledge_10@posttest01bNB  &D@00000045climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@  &D@00000045climate_knowledge_8J@posttest01`L@  &D@00000045climate_knowledge_7 @posttest01`L@  &D@00000045climate_knowledge_6@posttest01`L@  &D@00000045climate_knowledge_5$@posttest01`L@  &D@00000045climate_knowledge_4 @ posttest01`L@  &D@00000045climate_knowledge_3@ posttest01`L@  &D@00000045climate_knowledge_2@ posttest01`L@  &D@00000045climate_knowledge_1j@posttest01`L@ _!D@00000038problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N _!D@00000038problem_solving_3@posttest02\H< _!D@00000038problem_solving_2i have no idea. posttest02nZ< _!D@00000038problem_solving_1@posttest02\H< V?D@00000038climate_knowledge_confidence3posttest01t`R V?D@00000038climate_knowledge_10d@posttest01bNB V?D@00000038climate_knowledge_9i do not knowposttest01o[@ V?D@00000038climate_knowledge_8i do not know posttest01p\@ V?D@00000038climate_knowledge_7z@posttest01`L@ V?D@00000038climate_knowledge_6b@posttest01`L@ V?D@00000038climate_knowledge_5@posttest01`L@ V?D@00000038climate_knowledge_4@posttest01`L@ V?D@00000038climate_knowledge_3@posttest01`L@ V?D@00000038climate_knowledge_2@posttest01`L@ V?D@00000038climate_knowledge_1(@posttest01`L@ )\D@00000098science-attitude-92posttest\L> )\D@00000098science-attitude-82posttest\L> )\D@00000098science-attitude-73posttest\L> LVAL F F j  D*Yes weather can be predicted through the use of satellite technology etc, however it can never be a 100% correct for it can change very easily. Weather and climate are different for weather is a short term condition whilst climate is a long term, more general condition.The carbon cycle is the process of carbon going through each sphere of the earth, such as the atmosphere, biosphere etc. It is important for it keeps the carbon circulating around areas where it may be needed, and then again equilises the level of carbon in each system.Greenhouse gases are warm gases produced and put out into the atmosphere and is kept in by the ozone layer in order to keep the earth at a temperature warm enough for life to exist.i really didn't understand the climate models enough to be able to make a recommendationi do not think that this is possible as the air displacement from the butterfly flapping its wings would not get greater as it travels away from brazil and would certainly not be able to cause a snowstorm on another continentthe current climate system is not really stable as we are releasing carbon into the atmosphere that should not be there and it is working as a greenhouse has to warm up the earthdynamic equilibrium is where the carbon from the earth an =d the atmosphere is contantly moving and therefore 'dynamic' and yet there is a total amount which is always the same between themi don't really understand the concept of feedbackclimate is not really predicted. it stays the same almost all of the time, hence why it is such a big deal the small changes nowweather can be predicted by weather patterns on other parts of the earth, accurate to about a week in advanceweather and climate are different. weather is thw remperature and conditions at a place for a temporary amount of time eg. a stormy day would be because of the weather. but the climate is the temperature of a place for a long period of timeLVAL V L  z:`When the temperature, or another aspect of the weather, stays the same in the long run but has little variations from day to day. E.g: temperature flucatuating a little daily but the average staying the same for the long run.The atmosphere changing in response to a human action, for example the temperature rising.Yes, climate always remains the same and hardly changes unless if we causing lots of things that make change.Yes, though it is not always accurate as weather conditions can change rapidly.Different,weather is the state of atmosphere at a particular state of time, while climate is throughout.Carbon particles travelling randomly through the air and ocean. It warms up the atmosphere as well as the ocean.Particles, like C02 in the atmosphere, which trap heat from the sun's rays. They are what keeps plants and animals alive.I believe the current global system is stable as we are continuing to use fossil fuel at a steady pace, not causing very many, sudden changes to the climate system. However on a larger scale of time, the current global climate system is most likely in amidst the change due to urbanisation, ie increased use of fossil fuels.An example of an emergent property isAn example of dynamic equillibrium in the system is the level of carbon. Changes in the amount of fossil fuel use will change the level of carbon in the system in areas such as the atmosphere and biosphere as well as in the ocean, however eventually they will meet a point where they run parallel to each other-like they did before the change was made. This is called dynamic equillibrium.Examples of feedback include such things as the water feedback.The water feedback is the process of water which is being an output also becomes an input and moves around the spheres of the earth.Climate can also be predicted however its accuracy may not be as great as weather as it is trying to predict the conditions further in the future.LVAL \~ " ><`examples of feedback in climate systems are water feedback and albedo feedback. greenhouse gases are gases in the atmosphere that cause the greenhouse effect. they prevent some of the heat of the sun from escaping the atmosphere. the grewenhouse effect is what makes life on earth possible as it keeps the earth warm. It is not very stable as the heat that is reaching the earth's surface is getting too hot due to climate change. The earth is recieving way more uv rays than it is suppose to due to the hole in the ozone layer. We have rapidly increased in the temperatures. This winter we faced the hottest winter of few years.examples of emergent properties in climate systems are Some examples of dynamic equilibum areSome examples of feedback in climate systems are the positive feedback, negative feedback, Climate is something that is hard to predict accurately. It can only be estimated how far the climate will change relying on the data collected on it from the previous years.weather can be predicted. However it can not be predicted as far to a year in advance but only to max week in advance. Hence the job meteorologist and the weather reports we rely on from the news.weather and climte are different. weather is what is seen over a short period of time and can only be predicted up to a week in advance. Climate is seen over a long period of time and can not be predicted as much as weather but can be predicted somewhat looking at datas collected from previous years.The carbon cycle is the cycle that recycles our air. The trees take in carbon dioxide and reldase oxygen. It is important to us as without this cycle, we won't have any fresh air to breathe in. It supports all living things on this planet.No, it is rising up due to the many changes we are causing.When the weather conditions change enough to kill off all the living parts of the biosphere.When a the pattern of an aspect of the weather is revealed.8%$&6 \  ; a q  6d)Sy 2X|# 2_7:D@00000096science-attitude-83posttest\L> 2_7:D@00000096science-attitude-73posttest\L> 2_7:D@00000096science-attitude-63posttest\L> 2_7:D@00000096science-attitude-53posttest\L> 2_7:D@00000096science-attitude-43posttest\L> 2_7:D@00000096science-attitude-33posttest\L> 2_7:D@00000096science-attitude-23posttest\L> 2_7:D@00000096science-attitude-13posttest\L> w8D@00000044climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R w8D@00000044climate_knowledge_10n@ posttest01bNB w8D@00000044climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ w8D@00000044climate_knowledge_8n@ posttest01`L@ w8D@00000044climate_knowledge_7L@posttest01`L@ w8D@00000044climate_knowledge_6@posttest01`L@ w8D@00000044climate_knowledge_5\@posttest01`L@ w8D@00000044climate_knowledge_4@posttest01`L@ w8D@00000044climate_knowledge_3\@posttest01`L@ w8D@00000044climate_knowledge_2@posttest01`L@ w8D@00000044climate_knowledge_1posttest01`L@ 'D@00000058climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R 'D@00000058climate_knowledge_10v@posttest01bNB 'D@00000058climate_knowledge_9@posttest01`L@ 'D@00000058climate_knowledge_8v@posttest01`L@ 2LVAL  J x<Vdifferent weather is the state of tghe atmosphere in a certain area for a short period of time climate is long termc02 is absorbed into vegetation with light and photoynthesised into things like glucose and oxygen. that oxygen is used(breathed) by other living organisms and through process of respiration becomes carbon dioxide again carbon is also released into the atmosphere through other means such as tree and fossil fuel burning as the carbon becomes c02 again the process repeats important because it keeps life goingthese gases that trap heat from the sunthe current global climate system is not stable because the more carbon emmissions are being created, therefore adding to the carbon cycle. Also, temperatures in the earth are rising, possible due to an enhanced greenhouse effect. i dont know what 'tragedy of the commons' are. An emergent property in climate systems is something that emerges and was not part of the system at the start. An example of a dynamic equilibrium in climate systems is the carbon cycle. there is a constant amount of carbon in the system even the carbon molecules transfer from one place to another. climate can be predicted because it is the AVERAGE conditions of an area over a period of time. because it is an average and is detrmined from daa collected over a period of time, it is possible to predict climate by looking at changes happening to the overall conditions of an area. weather can be predicted to an extent. it can be predicted by studying an area's weather patterns and by measuring the conditions, but weather forecasts are not 100% accurate. weather is the state of the atmosphere at any given time. climate is the average atmospheric conditions of a particular area over a period of time. the carbon cycle comprises of the things carbon can be stored in - the atmosphere, animals, plants and fossil fuels. the carbon cycle is important because it explains why, if there is no adding of carbon, there is a constant amount of carbon on earth.2%#&L j w f  E k"4Z9N`bID@00000050climate_knowledge_3@posttest01`L@ bID@00000050climate_knowledge_2@posttest01`L@ bID@00000050climate_knowledge_1@posttest01`L@ !CeGD@00000052climate_knowledge_confidence3posttest01t`R !CeGD@00000052climate_knowledge_10Z@posttest01bNB !CeGD@00000052climate_knowledge_9I'm not sure.posttest01o[@ !CeGD@00000052climate_knowledge_8@posttest01`L@ !CeGD@00000052climate_knowledge_7@posttest01`L@ !CeGD@00000052climate_knowledge_6@posttest01`L@ !CeGD@00000052climate_knowledge_5@posttest01`L@ !CeGD@00000052climate_knowledge_4@posttest01`L@ !CeGD@00000052climate_knowledge_3@posttest01`L@ !CeGD@00000052climate_knowledge_2@posttest01`L@ !CeGD@00000052climate_knowledge_1@posttest01`L@ #a@D@00000102climate_knowledge_confidence1posttest01t`R #a@D@00000102climate_knowledge_10x@posttest01bNB #a@D@00000102climate_knowledge_9f@posttest01`L@ #a@D@00000102climate_knowledge_8@posttest01`L@ #a@D@00000102climate_knowledge_7@posttest01`L@ #a@D@00000102climate_knowledge_6@posttest01`L@ #a@D@00000102climate_knowledge_5@posttest01`L@ #a@D@00000102climate_knowledge_4@posttest01`L@ #a@D@00000102climate_knowledge_30@posttest01`L@ #a@D@00000102climate_knowledge_2@posttest01`L@ #a@D@00000102climate_knowledge_1@posttest01`L@ #fLClimate can be predicted based on the weather over many years. The climate of a region can best be determined after collecting data of the weather of that particular region over many years. This allows a fairly accurate guess of the climate of a certain region or area.Weather can be predicted. Weather is predicted by advanced technology and synoptic maps. We are able to predict the temperature of tomorrow's weather with the dadvanced technology we have today. However, weather can only be predicted approx. a week after the date of the current day. This is because weather changes, therefore only allowing us to make an estimate.Different. Weather is the temperature of the air surrounding us. The term climate describes the surroundings around us. Climate does not change and fluctuate as much as weather does. Weather is talking about the forecast of the temperature in a certain region. Climate describes the average temperature and weather conditions of a certain region or place, allowing little flucutation unlike the term weather.A carbon cycle is a cycle which shows how greenhouse gases and fossil fuel usage affect our climate. It is important as we can see the long term effects of greenhouse gases and fossil fuel usage.Greenhouse gases are gases that are sent up into our atmosphere. They are gases like caron dioxide.the temperature over long periods of time as it fluctuates through the seasons it creates a zig zag pattern on the graph. if the long term temperature increases, the whole zigzag increases with it, if it decreases, then the temp. also decreases so despite the rising and falling of the temperature in accordance to the seasons, the whole thing overall still rises and falls togetherclimate can be predicted but not accurately because nobody fully understands climate or at least enough to predict things with complete certaintyweather can be predicted using a variety of instruments but not accurately because predictions in general are pretty much never 100% GUARANTEEDbLVALTZ : ~The carbon cycle is a closed cycle in which carbon moves around and changes form in the earth. Carbon is never destroyed and that is important as we should find ways to keep it in a form that isn't harmful to the earth. When a tree dies, the carbon it has absorbed over its life is released. I think the importance is that we know that it can't be destroyed but it probably can be contained in ways such as trees. If we can attempt to keep trees alive, or stop the logging of forests, then the carbon in the actual atmosphere will be limited, and the carbon will be in the trees.Greenhouse gases are the gases that are found in the atmosphere. They float around in the air and provide us with heat. UV rays reflect off them, and back to earth, so it is like a barrier that keeps the heat in. If there were no greenhouse gases, the UV rays would just come into earth and be reflected back out so earth would be too cold to live on.The current global climate system is stable in the short term. But, because of the continuous ice cap melting, and the temperature of the earth warming up due to increased fossil fuel usage and greenhouse gas emissions, the current global climate system is only stable for the next couple 100 years or so. Therefore, for the future generations, we will have to make some changes in how we use the supplies the earth has given us, such as coal. I do not know what 'tragedy of the commons' means. An example of an emergent property is the bird model. It shows that it is not in the birds nature to follow and obey a certain set of rules. It is an emergent property. Sorry, I still do not fully get the term emergent.Equilibrium is the balance between two things in a climate system. In order for the carbon cycle to continue running for a long time, we have to be able to adjust fossil fuel usage and greenhouse gas emissions. This is an example of dynamic equilibrium.I'm still not 100% comfortable with feedback. To be honest, I have no idea what it is.LVALh L hVI think that the current global climate system is not very stable and the equilibrium is not in place and the temperature keeps rising but there is nothing to cool it down. When something emerges from the use of something else? It is like when more rain is the effect / emergent of the increasing temperature. A dynamic equilibrium in climate systems are when two factors balance themselves out. If temperature rises a lot in the atmosphere, there will be more rain as the evaporation and condensation will happen much faster. Then the rain will fall and cool the earth? So the heat rises the temperature and then the rain cools it back to a balanced state?Feedback is when something happens in the environment, and that event causes someting else to happen in the environment. Such as the enlarged use of fossil fuels will cause more carbon to be in the atmosphere and will therefore mean that the temperature will go up and so will the carbon in the oceans, which could lead to acidification.No, climate cannot be predicted as the things we do can change it immensely. If we keep using fossil fuels, but suddenly stop, the climate will change. It really depends on if we know what human activities impact on the climate. If we can find out the activities that truly impact on the climate, then maybe we can predict it.Weather can be predicted as you can view the past weeks and days, and the state of the atmosphere at the time to give a prediction. The prediction may not be 100% accurate and may sometimes be wrong, when the earth takes a sudden turn, but it can generally be predicted.Weather is a short term thing, such as the temperature and rainfall of a day. It is of a particular place and time. Climate is the long term averages of the states of the atmosphere and is found through research and records. The climate is more constant and changes seen are over a more prolonged period of time. They are different.LVAL . j jdTemperature and the number of CO2s in the atmosphere are generally in a state of dynamic equilibrium, in that they follow each other in terms of trends, but yet are not equal, and fluctuate in a minor fashion, while still folloiwing a general trend.Feedback is when the a part of the outputs in a climate system become part of the inputs. For example, the carbon cycle, or the movement of heat in the greenhouse effect. The current global climate system is not stable because fossil fuel use is increasing, which leads to an increase in greenhouse gases and increasing temperatures. I'm not sure but examples of 'tragedy of the commons' in climate systems could be when common species like sheep begin to die out?.A dynamic equilibrium is when something e.g. temperature is constantly changing but stable overall. The system has reached a stable point and although fluctuations occur the temperature is stable in the long term.I'm not sure but feedback in climate systems is when an action like increasing fossil fuel use has an impact on the system and feedback occurs e.g. increased temperatures.Climate is more difficult to predict than weather because it is long term. However, we can use climate records from the recent past to find trends and patterns and use these to predict climate.Weather can be predicted accurately to withing the next two or three days.Weather and climate are different. Weather is short term and climate is more long term.The carbon cycle is the cycle of carbon movement on earth. Carbon is taken in by trees and stored, while carbon is released from oceans and fires etc. The amount of carbon on earth never changes, but the carbon is absorbed and released constantly.Greenhouse gases are gases like water vapour or carbon dioxide that are in the atmosphere and prevent some of the heat that the earth receives from the sun from escaping. They are important because they heat the earth and allow life to exist.k%#&L c s  , R x &8^=as,kLD@00000049climate_knowledge_5@posttest01`L@ kLD@00000049climate_knowledge_4@posttest01`L@ kLD@00000049climate_knowledge_3@posttest01`L@ kLD@00000049climate_knowledge_2@ posttest01`L@ kLD@00000049climate_knowledge_1^@ posttest01`L@ oSLD@00000059climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R oSLD@00000059climate_knowledge_10@ posttest01bNB oSLD@00000059climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ oSLD@00000059climate_knowledge_8posttest01`L@ oSLD@00000059climate_knowledge_7P@posttest01`L@ oSLD@00000059climate_knowledge_6@posttest01`L@ oSLD@00000059climate_knowledge_5@posttest01`L@ oSLD@00000059climate_knowledge_4f@posttest01`L@ oSLD@00000059climate_knowledge_3@posttest01`L@ oSLD@00000059climate_knowledge_2`@posttest01`L@ oSLD@00000059climate_knowledge_1d@posttest01`L@ YID@00000031climate_knowledge_confidence3posttest01t`R YID@00000031climate_knowledge_10 No, as posttest01kWB YID@00000031climate_knowledge_9@posttest01`L@ YID@00000031climate_knowledge_8T@posttest01`L@ YID@00000031climate_knowledge_7@ posttest01`L@ YID@00000031climate_knowledge_6V@ posttest01`L@ YID@00000031climate_knowledge_56@posttest01`L@ YID@00000031climate_knowledge_4 @posttest01`L@ YID@00000031climate_knowledge_3~@posttest01`L@ YID@00000031climate_knowledge_2x@posttest01`L@ YID@00000031climate_knowledge_1@posttest01`L@ bID@00000050climate_knowledge_confidence3posttest01t`R bID@00000050climate_knowledge_10F@posttest01bNB bID@00000050climate_knowledge_9@posttest01`L@ bID@00000050climate_knowledge_8I'm not sure.posttest01o[@ bID@00000050climate_knowledge_7@posttest01`L@ bID@00000050climate_knowledge_6V@posttest01`L@ bID@00000050climate_knowledge_5@posttest01`L@ bID@00000050climate_knowledge_4@posttest01`L@ LVAL xYes, as climate is defined on the basis of previous data collection of atmospheric conditions, in the assumption that the previous data will repeat itself.Weather can be predeicted, but only in the short term. As weather refers to a short period of atmospheric conditions, quite specific in their details and also quite short-term, it can be predicted, however, not from more han a few days beforehand, at least not accurately.No, as weather refers to atmospheric conditions such as temperature, wind presence and speed, cloud cover and precipitation in the short term over a certain area of the Earth's surface, generally for a few days, predicted by conditions in the few days before. However, climate refers to the types of temperatures and precipitation in a specific area, during a specific period of months, as predicted by data gathered in previous years and decades.The carbon cycle is the movement of carbon in and directly surrounding the Earth throughout various forms, and also it's movement from the ocean to the Earth, to the atmosphere. It is important as it relates directly to the amount of carbon in living things, i.e. humans, and other organisms upon whom humans depend.Greenhouse gases are gases within the Earth's atmosphere, generally in the layer known as the troposphere, which serve to create a greenhouse effect. Namely, they aid in the trapping of heat and to a small degree, light in the Earth's atmosphere, by allowing the sun's rays into the Earht's atmposphere, adn then, instead of releasing them back into space, bouncing them off various parts of the Earth's surface, warming that part of the Earth, as well as the air above it. Eventually, part of this ray is sent back into space, however, a good deal of it has already been absorbed by the Earth. Greenhouse gases are important as they enable this process to exist. Without this process, the earth would not be sufficiently heated to be able to sustain life of almost any kind.  LVAL  P 8 z2The Carbon Cycle is way carbon moves in the atmosphere. Carbon travels in a cycle moving all around the atmosphere. It is important that the carbon cycle exists to keep all living organisms alive on the earth with a balance of the carbon cycle. Greenhouse gases are gases such as carbon dioxide that trap heat into the earth's atmosphere. This heat comes from the sun and would escape if there were no greenhouse gases. Greenhouse gases are important because without them the earth would be very cold and a place not sustainable for living things. I think the global climate system is stable because in the long term perspective, we cna see a pattern of climate in past records. Examples of dynamic equilibrium in climate systems is the temperature, while it is steadily increasing, patterns of sudden increase and decrease of temperature is seen.Examples of feedback in systems can be: albedo, ice makes the land and ocean temperture lower amount of cloud cover,fossil fuels burned, Yes since climate is seen from a long term point of view, climate can be predicted through patterns of past results.Yes it can but it may not be 100% correct at times.Weather and climate are different. Weather is measured and seen short term while climate is measure and seen form a long term point of view.The carbon cycle is when carbon dioxide (CO2) is breathed out from humans and produced by us through burning of fossil fuels (cars, airconditioning) into the atmoshpere and plants and trees turn the CO2 into oxygen for humans. This creates a cycle which makes Earth habitable by plants, trees and humans.Green house gases are gases in the atmoshpere. they are important because they protect us from harmful UV rays of the sun and also partially the heat emitted from the sun's rays.This was never taught to us. I do not know what 'tragedy of the commons' is.In a climate system, when albedo is increased, the temperature- CO2 relationship enters an emergent phase, in which the previous pattern changes and a new one is formed. 4LVAL 6 *L.V???? sorry. I'm guessing tragedy of the commons involves changes in wind speed or something like that.Examples of emergent properties in climate systems are: -oxygen -CO2 (SORRY, I REALLY DON'T KNOW HOW TO ANSWER THIS QUESTION. AGAIN, THIS WAS JUST A GUESS. SORRY FOR ANY INCONVENIENCE CAUSED) D;The current global climate system is stable in my opinion but others might say that it is not. Although it has kept a gradual pace in accordance to the global temperature, it is slowly going up. Tragedy of the commons, we didn't learn about this one...Emergent properties are new patterns evolving in a climate system. Examples can include a fire, or a new pattern on the temperature of the earth's atmosphere as a whole. Dynamic Equilibrium is when everything in a climate system has come to a constant, it will not move up or down but gradually stay the same. Feedback in climate systems are how the earth's atmosphere responds to certain changes. For example, more rays coming from the sun in a climate system can lead to feedback of more carbon in the atmosphere. Climate is not something that needs to be predicted. It is more based on where a place is located on the earth. For example, places near the Equator have a hotter and humid climate rather than somewhere near the poles of the earth. Weather can be predicted to a certain extent. It cannot be predicted a very long time beforehand. But we can get a general knowledge of how the weather will be like on a certain day around a week beforehand. Weather and Climate are different. The weather is short term and can be predicted, the weather usually means for one day. This can be predicted and varies according to whether it is Winter or Summer. The weather of the day can be sunny with a chance of rain for example. Climate is different, it is more long term and a vast knowlegde about the overall weather in a particular place. This is usually the same all year round and is like a ''summary'' of the particular place's weather. %$&L \  ; a  *Pv /SeDj(\OD@00000053climate_knowledge_8R@posttest01`L@ (\OD@00000053climate_knowledge_7<@posttest01`L@ (\OD@00000053climate_knowledge_6\@posttest01`L@ (\OD@00000053climate_knowledge_5n@posttest01`L@ (\OD@00000053climate_knowledge_4@posttest01`L@ (\OD@00000053climate_knowledge_3@posttest01`L@ (\OD@00000053climate_knowledge_26@posttest01`L@ (\OD@00000053climate_knowledge_1~@posttest01`L@ ND@00000034climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R ND@00000034climate_knowledge_10@posttest01bNB ND@00000034climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ ND@00000034climate_knowledge_8@posttest01`L@ ND@00000034climate_knowledge_7@posttest01`L@ ND@00000034climate_knowledge_6@posttest01`L@ ND@00000034climate_knowledge_5@posttest01`L@ ND@00000034climate_knowledge_4@posttest01`L@ ND@00000034climate_knowledge_3d@posttest01`L@ ND@00000034climate_knowledge_2@posttest01`L@ ND@00000034climate_knowledge_1L@posttest01`L@ IvMD@00000032climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R IvMD@00000032climate_knowledge_10<@posttest01bNB IvMD@00000032climate_knowledge_9@ posttest01`L@ IvMD@00000032climate_knowledge_8@posttest01`L@ IvMD@00000032climate_knowledge_7@posttest01`L@ IvMD@00000032climate_knowledge_6@posttest01`L@ IvMD@00000032climate_knowledge_5@posttest01`L@ IvMD@00000032climate_knowledge_4@posttest01`L@ IvMD@00000032climate_knowledge_3@posttest01`L@ IvMD@00000032climate_knowledge_2@posttest01`L@ IvMD@00000032climate_knowledge_1@posttest01`L@ kLD@00000049climate_knowledge_confidence3posttest01t`R kLD@00000049climate_knowledge_10@posttest01bNB kLD@00000049climate_knowledge_9r@posttest01`L@ kLD@00000049climate_knowledge_8T@posttest01`L@ kLD@00000049climate_knowledge_7@posttest01`L@ kLD@00000049climate_knowledge_6@posttest01`L@ ,LVAL( Z h6HDynamic equilibrium is when something remains relatively constant despite the changing factors around it. For example, the amount carbon in a climate system is an example of dynamic equilibrium, as the amount of carbon remains relatively constant.Feedback is when the output of a system becomes an input. It can involve: water feedback, carbon emissions, cloud cover, albedo. (SORRY, I ACTUALLY DON'T KNOW THE ANSWER, IT'S JUST A GUESS) D;I think climate can be predicted because it observes temperature and air pressures over a long period of time. THe climate cannot change suddenly, it would change slowly. Taking into account of previous data and readings, I think that climate can be predicted.Weather can, to an extent, be predicted. It would have to take in numerous calculations and recordings of factors such as the temperature for the past 12 hours, air pressure, air masses, cold/warm fronts. It would be impossible to generate a completely accurate prediction however, I think an approximate prediction can be obtained. Weather and climate are different. Weather is the condition of air and temperature over a certain area for a short period of time. On the other hand, climate is the condition of air and temperature over a wider region for an extended period of time.The carbon cycle is the cycle is which tracks the movements of carbon. It involves the release of carbon (ie. from factories, cars, people, animals etc) and the taking-in of carbon (ie. trees, plants)It is important as it helps identify the proportion of carbon which is being released and taken in, which will assist us to attain a sustainable use of carbon.Greenhouse gases are gases in the atmosphere which trap heat on Earth. It is important as it regulates the global temperature and ensures that the temperature is suitabe for living and producing. Without greenhouse gases, our planet would be relatively warm when the sun faces us but the temperatures would drop significantly when the sun faces another direction. LVAL x~(I'm not sure. I have missed some lessons.Greenhouse gasses are gasses that trap heat in the atmosphere. Emergent properties in climate systems are things that emerge from actions or things in the climate system .Weather and climate are not the same. Weather is the term used to describe the temperature and wind conditions on a certain day at a certain time, however climate is used to describe temperature, wind and location conditions in a certain area of the world over a prolonged period of time - around 30 years.The carbon cycle is the closed system in which carbon travels throughout our planet. Carbon goes through a number of things and gets transsported in different ways. Carbon is in almost everything; air, trees, animals, water. It is in every sphere of the world, and gets transported through respiration, evaporation, food, and more.Greenhouse gases are a combination of natural and human-released gases into the atmosphere. The greenhouse effect is the mix of gases that is released, and this mix consists of gases like C02 and more. These gases work to prevent heat from escaping from our world and work with our Ozone layer.The current global climate system is not really stable as the CO2 emissions are increasing, thus an increased amount of greenhouse gases. Greenhouse gases keep the earth warm, therefore the water in the oceans will evaporate due to the heat. Because there are more greenhouse gases, the earth will be warmer, hence there will be more cloud cover. The increased cloud cover will result in the increased amount of radiation reflecting off the clouds to the ground. In a way, the cloud cover traps the radiation and heat as well. Due to the increase in heat, our global climate system is not stable. If the climate continues on this trend to get warmer, our system will soon reach a tipping point where the system is unable to function properly due to the imbalance of negative and positive feedback. \LVAL& Z HHtzYes it can. Weather can be predicted using synoptic charts and sattelite images. By studying weather systems present in the atmosphere, people can predict how the weather systems are going to move across the land and what type of wether they will bring.Weather and climate are different. The weather is the current state of the atmosphere in a paticular place at a paticular time. The climate is the general weather of a place over a prolonged period of time. The carbon cycle is the cycle in which carbon is released into the atmosphere by the oceans, people and othe living animals, and stored again in the earth.The current global climate system is not stable, because if we continue to live exactly the way we are without changing a thing, the climate of the whole world will rise, perhaps only by one or two degrees but this rise in temperature can do a lot of harm.Dynamic equilibrium in our climate systems is what is used to describe the equilibrium between things in cycles in the world. If one thing increases, another will react in some way to this increase.Feedback in climate systems is how we describe what happens when something in the climate system has changed. For example, the feedback of the water effect being higher is the temperature rising.Climate cannot be entirely predicted, however we know a few things that contribute to our knowledge of climate change. We do not know definitely what the climate will be like in 50 years time, however we predict that due to human actions combined with the natural events and cycles of the earth, our earth will be warmer, if we continue living the way we do.Weather can be predicted, but only a few days beforehand and these predictions are not always accurate, as the weather has quite unpredictable patterns. Weather cannot be predicted more than a couple of days beforehand. Predictions of the weather made on the news are not always right; they are almost just an estimate of what we should expect in the next few days.LVAL6  XNAn example of an emergent property of a climate system is...The Carbon cycle is the route which carbon takes through the different components of the system, sort of like the rain cycle. The carbon most probably starts in the air and can either get absorbed by the oceans or trees. The tree emit oxygen which is, in turn, used by animals who then exhale carbon dioxide and therefore releasing it back into the air and starting the whole cycle again. Greenhouse gases are gases that are the Earth's atmosphere. These gases include water vapour, carbon dioxide and methane. these gases have the ability to absorb heat from te sun and to stop them from escaping from the Earth's atmosphere. When the sun's rays come through our atmosphere, they hit the ground and then rebound off the ground. Without greenhouse gases all the heat that came from the sun would escape from the Earth's atmosphere leaving Earth at a cold temperature of -14/-15 degrees.With the help of greenhouse gases, less heat can escape from the Earth because these gases can absorb the heat.Yes, maybe. Thius is because even though some climate systems change and impact the temperature, the global climate system always manages to restabalise itselfand reach a dynamic equilibrium. I don't know. As I said, i missed some lessons.The temperature. When some climate pattern changes, the temperature is generally affected. The temperature may rise or fall due to the sudden change, but will eventually re-stabalise itself, and stop incresing/decreasing. When it reaches that point, it is called a dynamic equilibrium. Some examples of feedback include water and carbon. These are feedbacks because they are continuously in a cycle on the earth, releasing into the atmosphere and coming back. I don't think that climate can be predicted. This i sbecause climate is generally figured out by taking into account data collected over many years and averaging out the information. %$$6 \  ; _ q  *Pv :Tz 3Y$WD@00000043climate_knowledge_7x@posttest01`L@ $WD@00000043climate_knowledge_6@ posttest01`L@ $WD@00000043climate_knowledge_5@ posttest01`L@ $WD@00000043climate_knowledge_4R@ posttest01`L@ $WD@00000043climate_knowledge_3\@posttest01`L@ $WD@00000043climate_knowledge_2@posttest01`L@ $WD@00000043climate_knowledge_1@posttest01`L@ =UD@00000044problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N =UD@00000044problem_solving_3posttest02\H< =UD@00000044problem_solving_2@posttest02\H< =UD@00000044problem_solving_1@posttest02\H< lTD@00000104climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R lTD@00000104climate_knowledge_106@posttest01bNB lTD@00000104climate_knowledge_9 im not sureposttest01mY@ lTD@00000104climate_knowledge_8^@posttest01`L@ lTD@00000104climate_knowledge_7@posttest01`L@ lTD@00000104climate_knowledge_6\@posttest01`L@ lTD@00000104climate_knowledge_5@ posttest01`L@ lTD@00000104climate_knowledge_4d@ posttest01`L@ lTD@00000104climate_knowledge_3@ posttest01`L@ lTD@00000104climate_knowledge_2@posttest01`L@ lTD@00000104climate_knowledge_1@posttest01`L@ &PD@00000048climate_knowledge_confidence1posttest01t`R &PD@00000048climate_knowledge_10j@posttest01bNB &PD@00000048climate_knowledge_9@posttest01`L@ &PD@00000048climate_knowledge_8x@posttest01`L@ &PD@00000048climate_knowledge_7@@posttest01`L@ &PD@00000048climate_knowledge_6"@posttest01`L@ &PD@00000048climate_knowledge_5V@posttest01`L@ &PD@00000048climate_knowledge_4@posttest01`L@ &PD@00000048climate_knowledge_3R@posttest01`L@ &PD@00000048climate_knowledge_2 @posttest01`L@ &PD@00000048climate_knowledge_1@posttest01`L@ (\OD@00000053climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R (\OD@00000053climate_knowledge_10@posttest01bNB (\OD@00000053climate_knowledge_9^@posttest01`L@ LVAL  ^DBTL&Climate cannot be predicted because climate is just the average temperature throughout the year ?yes, weather can be predicted by using satellites.they are different. weather is the day to day temperature (i.e. rain) whereas climate is the avergae temperature during the year. a carbon cycle is when carbon dioxide becomes a part of the environment. it is important because we need carbon to liveGreenhouse gases are important as they absorb infared light and without it the carbon cyce is not complete. (i.e. carbon dioxide)No. In a natural sytem where fossil fuels werent burning, there would be a dynamic equilibrium. But because of the industrial revolution and the introduction to fossil fuels that emit a lot of carbon into the air, there is a much larger output of carbon dioxide than the carbon dioxide that is being absobed. A tragedy of the commons is a common tragedy that commonly happens in tragic situations.A dynamic equilibrium is a system where everything is balanced but yet everything is changing. For example, the level of carbon dioxide is always changing but is stable at the same time because there is some sort of output/input that counter reacts the change in levels of carbon dioxide.An example of feedback is carbon dioxide. When carbon dioxide is released into the atmosphere it is able to comeback to the source of the carbon?Yes. Climate is more stable and if there is enough data and information from the past, we can see a pattern beginning to form and therefore can predict where it will head.No. Weather cannot be predicted because weather is unpredictable. The weather is a dynamic equillibrium meaning that it is always changing. It is almost impossible to predict where the weather is heading.No. Weather refers to a short term occurance such as a storm or a heatwave. Climat more generally refers to temperature in the long term and climate can include weather.LVAL > ,6(DNo, it is not stable, as due to climate warming. Albedo feedback where levels of ice covered the earth are differientated. Another example would be water feedback.Climate can be predicted moreso than weather because it rarely changes less than weather does.Weather can be only predicted a week before and even then it is not very accurate. With today's technology, it has become more accurate. Weather is a very fickle thing. Weather and climate are different, However weather is dependant on climate. If a certain place's climate was humid, you would expect lots of rain. Climate is the one that determines what kind of plants grow or what kind of weather, or average temperature. What kind of weather would this climate cause.The carbon cycle is the cycle where the carbon dioxide travels from animals, into the air and ocean, to trees, which then converts to oxygen, which lving beings breathe in. And thus the cycle begins again.Greenhouse gases are gases that trap some of the heat, that the earth reflects from the sun. These gases are needed as without them, the world would not have different climates or be able to sustain life due to the immense cold.Other rules or strategies that the robots should follow in order to most effectively and efficiently find all of the gold on the planet is being given seperate areas of the planet to look for gold. This will allow them to find more gold time efficiently. This is possible. The reason being, even a little change in movement in the air currents will effect in a change in weather somewhere else.right now i think it is stable but in the future it will not be becuase there will be too much uv radiation and carbon dioxide. but right now it is stable.im not sure but i think its things that emerge?when you change one facotr in a model and that affects everything else (i.e. the density of the trees affect the spread of the fire)im not 100% sure but i think feedback is when 2LVALD & LClimate can be predicted in the sense that a change in climate can take a long period of time. The climate of the deserts of Australia, for example, is dry and arid. However if we as humans participated in an activity that would change the climate of the deserts of Australia and would result in a large amount of rain falling over the deserts, that rain and the huge change in climate could be predictable to a degree. Weather can be predicted to a degree - It is impossible to know the weather in 10 yeas but the weather for the next couple of days can be predicted through weather balloons and satellite imagery. However the predictions are not always accurate, even if we use the most sophisticated equipment. Weather and Climate are two different things. The weather is what we, as humans, experience daily such as rain, sunshine, wind etc. The weather changes daily and is predictable to a degree - however we can do nothing to change the weather. Climate is the term given to the general long-term weather of a particular place. Climates can be something like arid, humid, tropical etc. Climates can change slowly over a long period of time and the actions we do such as burning fossil fuel can have an effect on the climate, such as making it warmer. The carbon cycle is the cycle of Carbon Dioxide travelling between the atmostphere and the ocean through variations in the temperature of the atmosphere. The carbon cycle is important as it helps the carbon of the air and ocean continously move and keep the cycle going. Greenhouse gases are Co2 gases in the atmostphere and the ocean. They are important as they act as an insulating blanket around the Earth to help keep the Earth warm. Without greenhouse gases our Earth would be several degrees cooler and therefore many things would not be able to survive. An example of dynamic equililbrium would be the carbon in the atmosphere and the ocean along with the moisture, with the cloud cover When one things changes, the others attempt to keep up.^%#&6 \  ; @ P ~+Qw 0Tf^D@00000060climate_knowledge_5@posttest01`L@ ^D@00000060climate_knowledge_4@posttest01`L@ ^D@00000060climate_knowledge_3@posttest01`L@ ^D@00000060climate_knowledge_2@posttest01`L@ ^D@00000060climate_knowledge_1@posttest01`L@ ]D@00000033climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R ]D@00000033climate_knowledge_10@posttest01bNB ]D@00000033climate_knowledge_9@posttest01`L@ ]D@00000033climate_knowledge_8@posttest01`L@ ]D@00000033climate_knowledge_7@posttest01`L@ ]D@00000033climate_knowledge_64@posttest01`L@ ]D@00000033climate_knowledge_5.@posttest01`L@ ]D@00000033climate_knowledge_4@posttest01`L@ ]D@00000033climate_knowledge_3^@posttest01`L@ ]D@00000033climate_knowledge_2l@posttest01`L@ ]D@00000033climate_knowledge_1F@posttest01`L@ jYD@00000102problem_solving_confidence1posttest02p\N jYD@00000102problem_solving_3@posttest02\H< jYD@00000102problem_solving_2@posttest02\H< jYD@00000102problem_solving_1@posttest02\H< YD@00000051climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R YD@00000051climate_knowledge_104@posttest01bNB YD@00000051climate_knowledge_9!Tragedy of the commons is when posttest01m@ YD@00000051climate_knowledge_8(@posttest01`L@ YD@00000051climate_knowledge_7@posttest01`L@ YD@00000051climate_knowledge_6@posttest01`L@ YD@00000051climate_knowledge_5H@posttest01`L@ YD@00000051climate_knowledge_4L@posttest01`L@ YD@00000051climate_knowledge_3F@posttest01`L@ YD@00000051climate_knowledge_2@posttest01`L@ YD@00000051climate_knowledge_1D@posttest01`L@ $WD@00000043climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R $WD@00000043climate_knowledge_10b@ posttest01bNB $WD@00000043climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ $WD@00000043climate_knowledge_8posttest01`L@ LVAL>R * fEmergent properties are trends or things that emerge out of normal trends. They are the anomaly. Some examples include We should decrease our fossil fuel usage and greenhouse gas emissions. These two things play an important factor in our climate. By reducing this, we are able to sustain our global climate for a longer time.The robots should learn to track their steps. Because, it will allow them to find the gold more effectively and efficiently. For example; if a robot ends up spinning in circles around the same area, it is not very efficient.No. Because the effect of a butterfly flapping its wings in Brazil hardly has any effect to the people in Brazil, let alone create a snowstorm or duststorm in Brazil. So, how would it be possible for a creature that small, which only leaves the effect of a small cool breeze on someone's cheek, help cause a snowstorm in Alaska?The current global climate system is not stable as it is not in an dynamic equilibrium. Variables such as the burnng of fossil fuel has releasesd much more carbon into the atmostphere then there is in the oceans which therefore has trapped more heat in the earth then ever before. Emergent properties describes properties in climate systems that are emerged,rather than taken in. An example of emergent properties would be carbon dioxide, which is emerged from the ocean, instead of the sunlight that hits the ocean and bounces back. A dynamic equilibrium is a perfect system where everything is equal. In accordance to climate systems, a dynamic equilibrium describes a situation where the amount of carbon in the atmostphere and the amount of carbon in the oceans are the same. Feedback is when something is taken in and comes out as another substance. An example of feedback in climate system is when the light from the sun hits the earth which rebounds from the carbon dioxide and turns into UV rays. LLVAL N pB|jWhen there is a tipping point - when the amount of something on Earth reaches a certain point that it just 'tips' over. For example, the Some examples of dynamic equilibrium in climate systems are the carbon cycle, the oxygen cycle and water cycle. Despite everything moving around and changing into different forms as they are recycled on Earth, the amount of everything remains the same. There is no more or less. The albedo reflects some of the sun's heat. Some carbon is released by burning fossil fuels. The sun's radiation is an imput into the Earth and it is also released through the Earth's atmosphere. Yes, climate can be predicted. By creating models that represent patterns with the lements in the atmosphere on Earth and examining old data, trends and relationships and be drawn. We can use this information to predict how the climate is likely to change in the upcoming future.Yes, weather can be predicted by using special technological equipment to measure factors like the amount of humidity in the atmosphere, wind pressure and wind speed. However, the weather forecast is never 100% guaranteed to be accurate, because the Earth's weather is constantly changing and is in a way unpredictable. Weather and climate are different. Weather is the short-term variation in the temperature while climate is the more general and is the long-term variation in the temperature. The amount of carbon in the atmosphere is constant. It is constantly changing into different forms. It can exist as carbon molecules in the atmosphere, as carbon beneath the Earth, as carbon in the ocean, as carbon in animals and more. It is important because it keeps the temperature of the earth constant.Greenhouse gases are essential. They are so important because without them trapping the heat from the sun with the layer of gases, life on Earth would not be possible. Some of the heat from the sun is trapped by the Earth's atmosphere and maintain temperatures that are able to sustain life.TLVAL x ^rEmergent properties in climate systems can be the sudden difference in temperature due to the change of one aspect of the model. It is the emerging result due to the a domino effect caused by the consequence of changing one variable in the model.One example fo dynamic equilibrium is the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. The release of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is kept at a generally even level because animals and humans release carbon dioxide which is then abosrbed by the plants to produce oxygen and sugar. There is however an up and down pattern because plants do not absorb carbon dioxide in winter when their leaves fall off so although the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is fairly balanced, it is dynamic.Climate can be predicted because it determined by what the temperature and weather is like for a long period of time and is an area's overall weather. It is a general estimation and is therefore more likely to be accurate.Weather can be predicted by professional meterologists, but even then, the predictions won't always be accurate.This is because weather is determined due to a number of factors and a subtle change can alter the weather completely.Weather and climate are different. Weather is the day to day occurrence of natural phenomenon whereas climate is the long term observation of an areas temperature and weather and determining what that area is like at a particular time.The carbon cycle is cycle that carbon molecules go through. This is important because humans can then understand the amount of carbon being released and absorbed in the atmosphere and observe its pattern.Greenhouse gases are gases released into the atmosphere and covers the Earth like a blanket and creates a greenhouse effect by preventing the heat from escaping. They are important because they keep the Earth warm and makes it habitable for humans live on.Yes, it is relatively stable. Changes are not sudden and immediate. Temperature and climate gradually changes over time.%#t- = c  B h x 1W}wLfrqD@00000104problem_solving_3"i dont understand this question.posttest02~j< qD@00000104problem_solving_2@posttest02\H< qD@00000104problem_solving_1@posttest02\H< ;L]nD@00000037problem_solving_confidence1posttest02p\N ;L]nD@00000037problem_solving_3@posttest02\H< ;L]nD@00000037problem_solving_2@posttest02\H< ;L]nD@00000037problem_solving_1F@posttest02\H< |jD@00000055climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R |jD@00000055climate_knowledge_10,@posttest01bNB |jD@00000055climate_knowledge_9sorry, I'm not sure.posttest01vb@ |jD@00000055climate_knowledge_8sorry, I don't know.posttest01vb@ |jD@00000055climate_knowledge_7@posttest01`L@ |jD@00000055climate_knowledge_6@posttest01`L@ |jD@00000055climate_knowledge_5@posttest01`L@ |jD@00000055climate_knowledge_4>@posttest01`L@ |jD@00000055climate_knowledge_3@posttest01`L@ |jD@00000055climate_knowledge_2@posttest01`L@ |jD@00000055climate_knowledge_1@posttest01`L@ Q_D@00000047climate_knowledge_confidence1posttest01t`R Q_D@00000047climate_knowledge_10F@posttest01bNB Q_D@00000047climate_knowledge_9@posttest01`L@ Q_D@00000047climate_knowledge_8L@posttest01`L@ Q_D@00000047climate_knowledge_7@posttest01`L@ Q_D@00000047climate_knowledge_6H@posttest01`L@ Q_D@00000047climate_knowledge_58@posttest01`L@ Q_D@00000047climate_knowledge_4@posttest01`L@ Q_D@00000047climate_knowledge_3@posttest01`L@ Q_D@00000047climate_knowledge_2b@posttest01`L@ Q_D@00000047climate_knowledge_1@posttest01`L@ ^D@00000060climate_knowledge_confidence3posttest01t`R ^D@00000060climate_knowledge_10f@posttest01bNB ^D@00000060climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ ^D@00000060climate_knowledge_8@posttest01`L@ ^D@00000060climate_knowledge_7@posttest01`L@ ^D@00000060climate_knowledge_6Examples of feedback include posttest01k@ 8LVAL RClimate can be predicted, to some extent, just like the weather. Because the climate looks at the weather conditions of a particular place over the long term, that can be taken into account and we can find patterns are specific types of weather that is likely to occur at that place. Weather can be predicted, to some extent. The use of satellites in our skies monitor the weather conditions, but they can only be predicted until the next week. Although they are not always 100% accurate, they do give some idea of what type of weather will come about. Weather and climate are different. Weather is the type of condition that a place will have, for example, sunshine and clouds. However, climate is the type of condition that a place will have over a longer period of time. This regards what the short and long term effects will be, and climate is also used to help predict the type of weather that will occur in the future. The carbon cycle is the cycle in which carbon dioxide goes through. This is important, as it is believed that carbon dioxide is leading to climate change. Additionally, because us humans excrete carbon dioxide through a chemical reaction, it is important to understand what the effects of our doings are. Greenhouse gases are gases that are trapped under the blanket-like atmosphere. Greenhouse gases are important because they make the conditions on the Earth hotter, and these differences can lead to climate change. The current global system is not stable because the amount of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere has increased significantly due to the burning of fossil fuel.Plants are unable to absorb this excessive amount of carbon dioxide so more carbon dioxide is in the atmospher adding to the amount of greenhouse gas. The Earth is warming up and therefore, the oceans are starting to get warmer. This causes more evaporation in the atmosphere and therefore more water vapour is in the atmosphere yet agin adding to the amount of greenhouse gas in the atmosphere.8LVAL " 8 "VXWeather can be predicted by sending up weather balloons with a sensor that sends imformation about the atmosphere to a computer and from there it is recorded. Weather and climnate are different. Weather is the temperature predicted of short term and climate is the temperature predicted of long term. Although weather and climate is different, climate is effected and by the weather.The carbon is the cycle in which air and carbon moves in a clockwise direction. The air and carbon starts of cool ,gets warmer which makes them rise as warm air rises and then it is cooled down and the process is repeated. This is important because it regulates the earths temperature, not leaving the air and carbon in the air not too hot nor not too cold. Greenhouse gases are gases that help trap the heat in the atmosphere. This is important because it keeps the temperature at a steady rate, not too hot nor not too cold. It also makes earth inhabitable, a place where humans cn live. The current global climate system is not stable, as everything is changing. Although we can argue that the global climate system has been changing since the start of time, science is always discovering new and amazing facts about the climate. It is important to monitor these changes and be aware of what may happen in the world around us, because a suttle difference in the nature can alter greatly in our lifestyles. An example of 'tragedy of the commons' in climate systems includes the oxygen. Examples of emergent properties in climate systems includes the wind. The wind is an example of an emergent property, because it can cause differences within nature. An example of dynamic equilibrium in climate systems includes the relationship in the carbon cycle. Carbon dioxide is taken in, but it is also returned naturally. This shows an equal balance in nature. Some examples of feedback in climate systems include the carbon cycle. Feedback is when something from nature is taken in, then taken back out in a different form. LVAL Zh ZHthat once a robot finds gold, it calls the other robots to come and get all the gold there (like the ants) robot teams go in different directions and call the rest of their team once something is found. they have different sectors to find gold in (one team in one part of the planet and another team in another part of the plane tand so on) yes it is possible because one small thing can have big effects later on. i think this is known as the butterfly effect. recommendations for a climate policy are to limit carbon emmissions and fossil fuel burning. Also, it should be encouraged to use alternative sources of energy such as wind energy, geothermal energy, etc. The robots should collect data that help determine which area would most probably have gold. that way, they are efficient when searching for gold. robots should only have a short distance between each other so that they can effectively communicate with each other. a butterfly flapping its wings cannot cause a snowstorm in alaska. due to the vast distance between the two countries, the force the butterfly exerts on the air by flapping its wings will have dissipate before it reaches alaska. for example, if you drop a pebble into a pond, it will cause ripples but these ripples will gradually decrease in size as it travels further away from the spot where the pebble was dropped. The current global climate system is stable because the temperature is not decreasing or increasing dynamically. Though as years pass, the current global climate system won't be as stable as it is now as right now it is changing bit by bit and by then it will be changed a lot. sorry, I don't know. I learnt about it whilst doing the activity but I forgot.Examples of feedback in climate systems are carbon and the sun's ray, because these things cause other things to change. Climate can be predicted, though I don't know how. I think it is through a machine.O%%H b  9 _  >N7} f 9g D@00000046climate_knowledge_2posttest01`L@  D@00000046climate_knowledge_1posttest01`L@ )D@00000033problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N )D@00000033problem_solving_3posttest02\H< )D@00000033problem_solving_2@posttest02\H< )D@00000033problem_solving_1@posttest02\H< 2_7zD@climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01dPB 2_7zD@climate_knowledge_10@posttest01R>2 2_7zD@climate_knowledge_9posttest01P<0 2_7zD@climate_knowledge_8@posttest01P<0 2_7zD@climate_knowledge_7posttest01P<0 2_7zD@climate_knowledge_6@posttest01P<0 2_7zD@climate_knowledge_5@posttest01P<0 2_7zD@climate_knowledge_4\@posttest01P<0 2_7zD@climate_knowledge_3D@posttest01P<0 2_7zD@climate_knowledge_2@posttest01P<0 2_7zD@climate_knowledge_1@posttest01P<0 2_7zD@00000042climate_knowledge_confidence1posttest01t`R 2_7zD@00000042climate_knowledge_10@posttest01bNB 2_7zD@00000042climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ 2_7zD@00000042climate_knowledge_8@posttest01`L@ 2_7zD@00000042climate_knowledge_7z@posttest01`L@ 2_7zD@00000042climate_knowledge_6@posttest01`L@ 2_7zD@00000042climate_knowledge_5H@posttest01`L@ 2_7zD@00000042climate_knowledge_4@posttest01`L@ 2_7zD@00000042climate_knowledge_3@posttest01`L@ 2_7zD@00000042climate_knowledge_2@posttest01`L@ 2_7zD@00000042climate_knowledge_1@posttest01`L@ ~yD@00000049problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N ~yD@00000049problem_solving_3@posttest02\H< ~yD@00000049problem_solving_2@posttest02\H< ~yD@00000049problem_solving_1@posttest02\H< 333sD@00000045problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N 333sD@00000045problem_solving_3@posttest02\H< 333sD@00000045problem_solving_2T@posttest02\H< 333sD@00000045problem_solving_1*@posttest02\H< qD@00000104problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N LVAL - Stick together as a group so that the robots don't lose signal - There are perhaps no wise enough recommendations to make to a United Nations committee, for the easiest answe will be to stop using, or more so to use less fossil fuel. But with the current ways of life it is almost impossible to suddently reduce, or stop using fossil fuel. It will affect our quality of life significantly, and although our future generations may be affected at a larger scale, without us, future generations will not even exist. Therefore, I conclude that because the simplest recommendations will come with a positive however with a larger negative, there are no suggestions that will suit to our society today.In order for these robots to effectively and efficiently bring gold back to earth, they would also need to limit the amount of gold they carry-because gold is heavy, once it comes back to the earth where there is gravity, it could potentially perform an unsafe landing, causing destruction and damage of some sort. Another obvious rule they will have to follow is to only spread out to the distance they are able to communicate over, and also perhaps the information that these robots obtain should be reported back to the spaceship itself, not directly to earth for with each reporting directly back to earth, they could potentially disrupt each other and it is less efficient for those on earth to receive thousands of pieces of separate information. Also, because many machines use gold as well, these robots will need to have sensors that only detect the gold on the planet-it would be chaos if they started to detect each other. I believe that snow storms cannot be caused solely, or more so directly by he butterfly flapping its wings. However changes in the atmospheric conditions may be displayed through the butterfly flapping its wings, and due to those changes, a snowstorm could be caused in Alaska.<LVALt ,zj"ZFeedback is when an input alters the way an output works. A few ecamples of feedback in climate systems are water feedback and the albedo feedback. Water feedback is when the water effect is altered in a way so that the temperature is changed and albedo feedback is when the ice on the surface of the water is changed in response to the global temperature.Climate can be predicted to a certain extent as well but unlike the weather, the climate needs to be predicted through previous records and the fluctuation of data.Weather can be predicted to a certain extent, as it is a response to the climate. It can be roughly estimated using modern technologies.Weather and climate are different, because weather is a response to climate. Climate generally refers to the global temperature and such which is continuously changing, however weather is seen to be a temporary event.The carbon cycle is based on how the climate system is a closed system. Although the carbon cannot escape, it has the ability to move around everywhere within the Earth's atmosphere and even hydrosphere.Greenhouse gases are consisted of various gases, one of which is carbon dioxide. Greenhouse gases keep the Earth warm by trapping the heat emitted by the Sun's radiation. Without it, Earth would be too cold for many living things to survive. However, because of greenhouse gases, the Earth's average temeperature becomes approximately 21-23 degrees celcius, which is suitable for life. - There should be a limit on the amount of Carbon released into the Earth's atmosphere for each country. - A sufficient amount of trees should be placed in each country to keep the system to a dynamic equlibriuThis is not possible. One butterfly flapping its wings can only jiggle the air to a certain extent but this is not to a greater scale where this air can move to Alaska and create a snowstorm. The scale of a butterfly flapping its wings and jiggling the air is much smaller to the scale of a snow storm developing in Alaska. LVAL The carbon cycle is when carbon goes through the different stages of earth. it goes in the cycle where we produce carbon, which then circulates the earth, some of them going into the sea, over a long period of time carbon is compressed and thus this becomes fossil fuels. we humans dig up these fossil fuels becasue it is one of the many important resources we use. The carbon cycle is extremely important becuase if there is too much carbon in the air, earth will become inhabitable.On layer of green house gases are covering our earth, green houses gases are made up of various elements one of them being Carbon dioxide. Recently with the increase of industrialisation, humans have started to seek for energy resources such as coal and fossil fuels. Not only are we damaging the habitat by seeking these resources the burning of these fuels have increased the rate of Carbon being released into the air. Due to this Greenhouse gases have been increasing. Green house gases are what keeps our earth warm and at a constant temperature, it traps in warm air and regulates the earth's temperature making it not to hot or not to cold. With the increase of Green house gases it seems that the temperature on earth has increased.It is not stable as temperatures and other aspects of climate systems continue to fluctuate endlessly and will continue to do so in the future.Emergent properties occur when one aspect of climate systems are changed, which in turn causes a difference on another aspect of climate systems, in parallel to how the first aspect has been changed. One example is when carbon dioxide is being emitted, causing dust particles to be heated up and rise. This in turn causes the dust particle to be further away from the source of the heat, causing it to cool down and fall. Once it has fallen, it receives heat again and rises up, creating a cycle.One example of dynamic equilibrium is the movement of carbon.LVAL ` .Yes, although this sounds ludicrous, it is possible. The butterfly flapping its wings can cause a slight change in the wind speed, causing a slightly bigger wind and then eventually a snowstorm forms.The current global system is not stable, the amount of carbon that we are releasing into the air is adding to the greenhouse affect, thus making our earth a few degrees warmer, scientists are finding parts of antarctica melting and people have become concerned, we have reliased that our witners are shorter and flora and fauna are reacting to these change in a negative way.Some emergent properties are the carbin in the air and dust particles, they emerge together to form a new factor Some example are postitive feedback and negative feedback, some negative feedback in the climate is the amount of carbon beign released into the air, some positive feedback is the temperature in the air as the albedo affect heats the earth.Climate can be predicted, with such as slow change that it makes, climates tend to be easier to predict becasue scientists are able to see the small changes rather easily and make assumptions. Weather can be predicted, it is said that weather is a history book and is repeated constantly, meteorologist predict the weather by comparing the results to past weather, they predict the weather by doing so. Modern technology such as weather balloons have helped meteorolgists to predict the weather.Weather an climate are two different things, climate varies over the earth. Countries that are nearier to the equator have a hot climate, whereas countries nearier to the pole have colder climates. climate is something that changes over a large expanse of time, flora and fauna grow in climates and adapt to this. Weather is something that changes regularly, the weather may change over night and the weather contributes to the change of climate. if weather is constantly hot and humid over a long period of time, the climate may change slightly.LVAL N F  ^TSome examples of feedback in systems include the more the carbon in the air with more pressure even its out??Yes it is stable if we didnt omit any extra gases but even if we do the gases can still predict the system.tragedy of the commons are the things that are so common that they are tragic. emergent properties are properties where they are emergent.A dynmaic equilibrium is an equilibrium where everything has to be equal. I think a feedback in climate system would be the carbon cycle as they give feedback. Weather and climate are not the same. Climate is the physical environment where as weather is the pattern of temperature. -Sustainable use of carbon -Grow more trees to controll the amount of carbon in the atmosphereFossil fuel use should be minimised as it has a great impact on global temperatures. This leads to the dying out of plants and animals. I think the procedures outlined are clever. However, to improve effectiveness and efficiency, each robot could be pre-programmed to take a certain path. This way, no piece of land is searched twice. Or, the robots could move in a straight line, like a police search, so that they pass over as much land as possible.I don't think it is possible that a butterfly flapping is wings in Brazil can help cause a snowstorm in Alaska. Firstly, the air movement caused by the butterfly is very small and very weak. Secondly, I don't think that the air movement could travel to Alaska.The robots should only cover a certain part of the planet at a time. They should spread out evenly - the maximum distance that they can stil communicate with at least one other robot. The robots should be able to pass messages to each other one by one at a time, via other robots. Once this maximum area is all searched and covered, the robots then spread out in the some way and cover another area of the planet. They should do this until the entire planet is covered..%$&L r  - [ u & Lr+Qa&@niD@00000096climate_knowledge_1@posttest01`L@ RD@00000048problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N RD@00000048problem_solving_3T@posttest02\H< RD@00000048problem_solving_2 @posttest02\H< RD@00000048problem_solving_1$@posttest02\H< D@00000052problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N D@00000052problem_solving_3@posttest02\H< D@00000052problem_solving_2>@posttest02\H< D@00000052problem_solving_1@posttest02\H< D@00000103climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R D@00000103climate_knowledge_10@ posttest01bNB D@00000103climate_knowledge_9@ posttest01`L@ D@00000103climate_knowledge_8v@posttest01`L@ D@00000103climate_knowledge_7@posttest01`L@ D@00000103climate_knowledge_6@posttest01`L@ D@00000103climate_knowledge_5@posttest01`L@ D@00000103climate_knowledge_4@posttest01`L@ D@00000103climate_knowledge_3@posttest01`L@ D@00000103climate_knowledge_2@posttest01`L@ D@00000103climate_knowledge_1@posttest01`L@ WD@00000032problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N WD@00000032problem_solving_3@posttest02\H< WD@00000032problem_solving_2@posttest02\H< WD@00000032problem_solving_1@posttest02\H< ͶD@00000050problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N ͶD@00000050problem_solving_3@posttest02\H< ͶD@00000050problem_solving_2v@posttest02\H< ͶD@00000050problem_solving_1@posttest02\H<  D@00000046climate_knowledge_10posttest01bNB  D@00000046climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@  D@00000046climate_knowledge_8posttest01`L@  D@00000046climate_knowledge_7posttest01`L@  D@00000046climate_knowledge_6posttest01`L@  D@00000046climate_knowledge_5posttest01`L@  D@00000046climate_knowledge_4posttest01`L@  D@00000046climate_knowledge_3posttest01`L@ xLVAL( z~Yes because a small burst of wind can be carried along a chain of reactions that eventually reach Alaska and thereby help in forming a snow storm.The carbon cycle is a cycle of lows and highs but they are in a cycle. They vary from season to season because of different temperatures and the environment. It is important because we can use this to predict future temperature. Green house gases are important because they warm up to world. If we didn't have green house gases, then the earth would be extremely cold. Greenhouse gases come from things such as plants when they release carbon dioxide. An example of this would be when green houses, where the plants are in a glass house. The plants heat up the house. Green houses gases could be carbon dioxide? Due to the disruption in long range communication, it would be more effective for the robots to stay in a certain area and extract the gold there, then move on to another area. When they move to another area, let it be programed that they only travel a certain amount of distance, this will ensure that the communication will not be lost.It has been said that a butterfly flapping its wings in Brazil can jiggle the air and thus can help cause a snowstorm in Alaska. However, is it true? Is it possible. My opinion on this is that it is not true and is not possible. Wind and storms are not caused by butterflies or animals, it is caused by the changes in temperature in the air. Warm air meeting cool air will cause the warm air to rise above the cool air due to the differing density. This creates movements in the air. Therefore, it is not possible for a mere butterfly to create movements in the air. Alaska is locates towards the top of America whereas Brazil is at the bottom. Both places are very far apart. It is impossible for a mere butterfly to generate so much force that the force could reach Alaska from all the way in Brazil. In conclusion, I believe that the statement above is not true. LVALT 8We should prevent the use of fossil fuels and we should plant more trees. We should prevent the use of transport. We should get rid air conditioning. Maybe technology isn't the actual causes of these things, so I guess there is nothing we can do until we are absolutely sure about a cause. If we could just keep researching and watching for changes, and recording the changes in the climate, we will be able to make a decision on a cause, if there is any, and therefore will be able to sort the problem out.The robots should spread out over the planet in a pattern so that every robot can atleast contact ten robots. They should be set onto equal sized areas and search for gold only in that area. If they are spread out evenly enough, the robots should at least be able to contact one robot, which could contact another, in a domino-like effect. Therefore, all of them will be able to contact each other, just indirectly.I don't think that a butterfly flapping its wings in Brazil can jiggle the air and help cause a snowstorm in Alaska. I think this as the air pressure created by the flapping butterfly will not be strong enough to move and create something so large, such as a snowstorm in Alaska. Even if the pressure were to build up, the air could and possibly would go down to the South rather than up to Alaska.Climate can be predicted by long term analysis. For example if the temperature was going up, then we cansee the long term effects of the earths climate. we can predict how temperatures will effect the earth's climate. We can predict climate with carbon dioxide levels in the earth's waters, or by the amount of carbon diocide that we are releasing.Weather can be predicted. Because of weather maps and stations where they record the temperature they can see moving clouds or any other change and predict if it will be windy/hot/calm. Although the weather cannot be foreseen within a 7 day period. LVALr&I officially do not understnad that concpet. Some emergent properties of climate properties include the Greenhouse gases are gases in the atmosphere including water vapour that helps keep the heat within Earth's atmosphere from leaking out to space. They are important as if there is no greehouse gases the Earth would be freezing cold with no specific patterns in climate (the water cycle) and Earth would be uninhabitable. I didnt really learn anything with the models and it pretty much just confused me and therefore i find it impossible to answer most of these questions including this one.There should be some checks on whether the sudden appearance of several thousands of robots will disrupt the planet's climate, ecosystem and inhabitants. There should also be a check on whether removing all the gold on this planet will somehow destroy it. The robots and the spaceship will probably run on some sort of fuel. This fuel will mostly likely be fossil fuels. The emmissions of the fossil fuel can damage the planet's climate system like fossil fuels are currently doing to out climate system. A strategy to avoid emmiting carbon dioxide into the atmosphere of the planet is to use the sun. If frequent solare flares are enough to disrupt communication signals then the sun should be powerful enough to power several thousands of robots and a shapeship. Other precautions should be taken such as whether there is any extra terrestrial activity taking place and if so, is the activity of the robots disrupting the creatures that live on the planet. Hoenstly i dont think this question is very well thought out because its not very practicial for a company to send thousands of robots in to space just find gold. Once the gold was found and brought back to Earth it would severely lower the price and value of gold making it invaluable and ending up in a massive loss for the company due to consrtuction of the robots and othere expenses.PLVAL rl^nlThe current global climate is not stable as the temperatures are rising dramatically.The rising of the temperature of the earth indicates that the polar caps will melt. The polar caps contains large stores of perafrost which embeds the fossils of the past prehistoric animals which lived in the polar caps. When this is released large amounts of greehouse gases are released which in turn heats up and melt even more permafrost. Many animals will be affected by the chnging of the temperature causing extinction.The tragedy of the commons include the affect of one particular factor which ruins the rest. Ifr one pollutes the atmosphere and the other who have not contaminated the air which is a shared common. This is was is called the tragedy of the commons.Some examples of the dynamic equilibrium include the balance of the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere in caomparison with the c-oceans. Climate can be predicted from the graphs of the rainfall, amount of sunshne., etc averaged to find the pattern as to what happened.Weather can be predicted but not entirely predicted. Weater balloon may be set off at a place which will track the incoming weather However things may cange drastically in the weather.Weather and climate are different in the way that weather measures the occurences in the atmosphere of a specific area. Climate may describe the type of area such as sub tropical area and is pretty constant. Weather may change from day to day.The carbon cycle is the rotation of the carbon particles between the amount of dissolved particles in the c-oceans and the amount in the sky. When one produces carbon dioxide the sky is affected first increasing. When the sky increases so does the carbon particles that are dissloved in the large expanse of water. There is a set ratio of the carbon particles in the ocean to the sky. When one tracks the pathway of one carbon particle they find it travels in a cycle from either sky/ ocean to the other and back in this closed environment. %$&L r  ) ; a  @d)Cq*Pv}D@00000115climate_knowledge_8@posttest01`L@ }D@00000115climate_knowledge_7Z@posttest01`L@ }D@00000115climate_knowledge_6@posttest01`L@ }D@00000115climate_knowledge_5V@posttest01`L@ }D@00000115climate_knowledge_4@posttest01`L@ }D@00000115climate_knowledge_3I still don't know. posttest01vb@ }D@00000115climate_knowledge_2@posttest01`L@ }D@00000115climate_knowledge_1*@posttest01`L@  CD@00000051problem_solving_confidence3posttest02p\N  CD@00000051problem_solving_3@posttest02\H<  CD@00000051problem_solving_2@posttest02\H<  CD@00000051problem_solving_1@posttest02\H< RD@00000034problem_solving_confidence3posttest02p\N RD@00000034problem_solving_3P@posttest02\H< RD@00000034problem_solving_2t@posttest02\H< RD@00000034problem_solving_1@posttest02\H< E#D@00000120climate_knowledge_10posttest01bNB E#D@00000120climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ E#D@00000120climate_knowledge_8posttest01`L@ E#D@00000120climate_knowledge_7posttest01`L@ E#D@00000120climate_knowledge_6posttest01`L@ E#D@00000120climate_knowledge_5posttest01`L@ E#D@00000120climate_knowledge_4posttest01`L@ E#D@00000120climate_knowledge_3posttest01`L@ E#D@00000120climate_knowledge_2posttest01`L@ E#D@00000120climate_knowledge_1posttest01`L@ iD@00000096climate_knowledge_confidence1posttest01t`R iD@00000096climate_knowledge_10@posttest01bNB iD@00000096climate_knowledge_9@posttest01`L@ iD@00000096climate_knowledge_8v@posttest01`L@ iD@00000096climate_knowledge_7@posttest01`L@ iD@00000096climate_knowledge_6@ posttest01`L@ iD@00000096climate_knowledge_5@posttest01`L@ iD@00000096climate_knowledge_4p@posttest01`L@ iD@00000096climate_knowledge_3@posttest01`L@ iD@00000096climate_knowledge_28@posttest01`L@ <LVALB ~&VEmergent properties in climate systems include convection currents of the ocean, because of their cycle.No, the current global climate is not stable at all, our comsuption rate is, wideknown as death of mankind. Emergent properties in climate systems are awrga;rjga; rjer hgq[-Less burning of fossil-fuels -Lower water-effect -Carbon-dioxide in different areas and spheres of the world kept constant and sustainable -Control deforestation -The robots should be sent to one section of the planet, and only explore within a certain radius of the spaceship that is both small enough for the robots to definitely communicate or send signals to eachother, and also a small enough radius for each robot to be able to find their way back to the spaceship. Once one section of the planet where gold is suspected to lie has been searched through, the spaceship can then move on to another section of the planet, with the same radius rules explained above. Precautions need to be made to ensure that robots will not be damaged during the course of this journey; from taking off from earth, to suffering through the air pressure, to landing, to working in that planet's atmospheric condition, running out of battery etc. Precautions need to be made to make sure that robots are kept safe at all times and have enough battery to keep them running. Also, the amount of fuel in the spaceship must be enough. Maybe it could possibly help with causing a snowstorm in alaska, but only contribute extremely minor-ly. If a person walking causes more air movement than a butterfly, and a human has never been proven to cause a snowstorm, a butterfly definitely causes less air movement and cannot do much harm. However, maybe all these things that cause air-movement (including the butterfly flapping its wings in Brazil) could combine to cause a large amount of air movement. This amount of air-movement could then possibly reach the 'tipping-point' which is the point that is just enough to cause a snowstorm in Alaska.|LVALh Because climate is long-term, scientists can use many years of knowledge and evidence of climate patterns to draw out answers. This allows them to make predictions about climate based on the evidence. Much like an experiment, the more readings, the more likely it will be for accuracy.My recommendations for climate policy would be to: -Find another source of renewable energy and strive to switch from fossil fuels to something like wind energy -Try reduce the amount of carbon we are releasing into the atmostphere The robot could be carrying a small camera mounted on its back to record its movements. When it comes back to Earth the scientests could study the videotapes and photographs to design more efficient robots to send next time that is more suited to the terrain. The robot could be equipped with something more sophisticated than just a scoop, such as a precision-cut laser to cut around the gold it sensors so the scoop does not accidently scratch or break the gold. As the robot would need to be charged regularly if it was to stay on the planet for an extended period of time so they could carry extra packs of power supplies such as batteries. However in saying that the idea of sending robots into space is not a very bright one - the robots would take a large amount of money to make and by bringing in large amounts of gold, the co-oporation would lower the value of gold on Earth. Therefore, they will end up making a loss in terms of profit and money for value. However if the robots were on the planet for scientific study as well as collectin gold then the mission would have some purpose other than profit. No. This is not possible as a butterfly jiggling its wings could not possibly create a snowstorm in Alsaska. When a butterfly 'jiggles' the air, the movement is so minute that even in the most remote possibility that the 'jiggle' was to somehow turn into strong wind, the movement could not be carried all the way across the globe. LVAL *Weather is difficult to predict on a small scale as the earth is always changing. It is not always accurate as we must draw conclusions in a short amount of time.Weather can be predicted through measuring instruments sent into the area for observation and prediction. These little data collectors relay the information anaysled to the weather station, which utilises the information received and turns that to a weather report, which we receive. Through usage of the weather by media, technology and gaily life we can 'predict' what the weather is. E.G. Apple apps on weather, news and weather reports, internet site, google and chrome. The carbon cycle is a wane and flow of the carbon levels on earth. As it is known, the majority of the land mass is in the NOrthern Hemisphere. When the trees in the Northern Hemisphere grow and use carbon, the carbon levels decrease. However, when winter and autumn arrives, the trees shed their leaves and enter hibernation, which stops them using as much of the carbon. It is during this period that the carbon levels rise, only to be suppressed one season later, in spring. This cyle repeats endlessly. Greenhouse gases are gases that reside in the Earth's atomosphere, and they impact upon global temperature eventually. Essentially these are mainly composed carbon dioxide, but also water vapour. There is a linear relationship between the amount of carbon in the air and ocean, albedo effect, and terminable energy use. It is beacuse of the impact these varied gases have, that makes them important. Our current stance on fossil fuel comsumption indicates the complete usage of this source in 90 years or so- while thousands of flora and fauna species have vansihed due to these effects. It is important that the greenhouse gases are completely halted in production, even though it will not bring back the extinct species, Earth can preserve it for the remaining species and for mankind. ~LVAL n\Weather relates to temperature, cloud formations etc. whereas climate is the (often long-term) study of weather patterns. This includes the gradual increase or decrease of temperature on earth, levels of carbon dioxide and the way it is changing.The carbon cycle is the ongoing relationship between the carbon dioxide released by living creatures, fossil fuels etc. and the carbon dioxide absorbed by plants. It is important as it mantains carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere.Greenhouses gases regulate the temperature of the earth by trapping heat from the sun. They are important for making conditions on earth habitable for humans.Recommendations. Lowering of fossil fuels will help lower pollution in cities and around the world. Solar panels on schools, and office buildings/skyscapers will lower the cost of electricity and CO2 produced through electricity. Frequently report back to the space centre, effective communication will help the robots and people on Earth to locate and find were the gold is.Yes because the wind created by a butterfly's wings can jiggle a small amount of air but it can enough to create a snowstorm when combined with other causes such as storm and wind.Therefore there is enough for a butterfly in Brazil to jiggle the air and help create a snowstorm in Alaska.eg. In a system of ant trails, the ant searches until it finds food, and returns to the nest. Upon finding the food, it leaves a food trail which communicates to other ants that there is food there. This is the effect of feedback. Sometimes, the feedack is lost too quickly to be of use, so it is lost. This is the alternate version of feedback, the feedback loop. Technically, climate can be predicted, although mostly these are not, as they generally remain stable and constant. Climate can be predicted through location- e.g. if the area is closer to the equator the more bipolar the weather conditions. Japan has some freezing winters and boiling hot summers. %$$: h ~  7 ]  &Tn3M{$JprÌD@00000101climate_knowledge_6posttest01`L@ rÌD@00000101climate_knowledge_5posttest01`L@ rÌD@00000101climate_knowledge_4posttest01`L@ rÌD@00000101climate_knowledge_3posttest01`L@ rÌD@00000101climate_knowledge_2@posttest01`L@ rÌD@00000101climate_knowledge_1Z@posttest01`L@ D@00000031problem_solving_confidence4posttest02p\N D@00000031problem_solving_3@posttest02\H< D@00000031problem_solving_2d@posttest02\H< D@00000031problem_solving_1h@posttest02\H< + D@00000043problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N + D@00000043problem_solving_3l@posttest02\H< + D@00000043problem_solving_2@posttest02\H< + D@00000043problem_solving_1R@posttest02\H< طD@00000047problem_solving_confidence1posttest02p\N طD@00000047problem_solving_3F@posttest02\H< طD@00000047problem_solving_2 @posttest02\H< طD@00000047problem_solving_1@posttest02\H< 4D@00000039climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R 4D@00000039climate_knowledge_10$@posttest01bNB 4D@00000039climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ 4D@00000039climate_knowledge_8P@posttest01`L@ 4D@00000039climate_knowledge_7j@posttest01`L@ 4D@00000039climate_knowledge_6@posttest01`L@ 4D@00000039climate_knowledge_5:@posttest01`L@ 4D@00000039climate_knowledge_4D@posttest01`L@ 4D@00000039climate_knowledge_3@posttest01`L@ 4D@00000039climate_knowledge_2@posttest01`L@ 4D@00000039climate_knowledge_1<@posttest01`L@ sªD@00000059problem_solving_confidence1posttest02p\N sªD@00000059problem_solving_3@posttest02\H< sªD@00000059problem_solving_2"@posttest02\H< sªD@00000059problem_solving_1@@posttest02\H< }D@00000115climate_knowledge_confidence1posttest01t`R }D@00000115climate_knowledge_10@posttest01bNB }D@00000115climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ LVALt 0A carbon cycle is when the carbon is released into the atmosphere through the burning of fuel. The carbon that has been released then travels through the air and the earth's sea, before being compressed back to fuel again after an extensive period of time. The carbon cycle is important as the fuel is burnt, the carbon contributes to the increase of temperature on Earth.Governments should set about making policies and time certain blackouts to lower electricity levels. There should be policies on what level of electricity and supply only a certain amount. Instead of fossil fuel, to power electricity, there should be thought on sustainable power source, such as a solar panel.It would be a good idea not to overmine as that would cause major damages to that planet. Overmining is never a good thing. With robots, that would be no limit to how much they will mine. Also robots should only take a certain amount. Gold is not a useful element, only admired for its ability to not rust and its pretty golden shine. There is no need to set a high amount of gold to be mined. Yes, a butterfly flapping its wings in Brazil can jiggle the air and thus can help cause a snowstorm in Alaska. This is possible, because everything is interconnected and therefore a small thing can make such a big difference somewhere else in the world. The current global cimate system is gradually increasing from previously stable conditions, although we can barely feel the changes at the moment.Emergent properties in climate systems include convection currents in the earth's atmosphere: areas of heat rising, mostly from the land, and areas of cool air sinking.A few examples of dynamic equilibrium in climate systems include- the relationship between carbon dioxide levels and fossil fuel, temperature and albedo, cloud cover and temperatureFeedback in climate systems includes the level of carbon dioxide in both the atmosphere and the ocean, temperature, amount of light reflected by a certain level of albedo, amount of trees and sheep.NLVALbThis cannot be true, as the amount of air to be disturbed to cause a snowstorm would be huge and even if the butterfly was the largest butterfly in the world, it would still not be able to cause a snowstorm. Also the energy for a snowstorm in Alaska, the snow and other causes must be taken into account. Such as the moisture, wind speeds and recent weather. There is no way a little buttefly can cause a snowstorm in Alaska.No, that is incorrect. I am not a member of the United Nation committe, but nonetheless, I still have recommendations for climate policy. Firstly, I think that all countries should abide by the same climate policies. It will simply be unjust if one country were to emit thousands of tonnes of carbon dioxide, and another were not to. Secondly, I think that all countries should also limit the use of fossil fuels. Rules or strategies that the robots should follow in order to most effectively and efficiently find all of the gold on the planet include not straying too far from the spaceship, and to quickly empty the gold in the spaceship once it has it. However, I personally do not believe that humans should just go to another planet and steal all of that gold. I find it hard to comprehend why humans want to continually evolve and make our lives better. I think that the lives that we are living with now is good enough. Why should we use all of our availiable technology to expand and glorify our own lives? Humans are so selfish these days. I think we should use our technology to benefit the Earth we are living on today. The world itself is so complicated and brimmed full of problems that it is insane to think that going to another planet to scoop up gold using robots will benefit our lives. There are people all over the world who can do nothing to stop the fact that they do not have access to clean water, or a decent home. Why don't we stop and think about our fellow human race? We should help them instead of looking for riches on another planet. LVAL 4 vGreenhouse gases are made up of water vapour and other gases that traps and prevents the heat reflected from the earth's surface from escaping the atmosphere, enabling life on earth. The increase in greenhouse gases lead to a higher temperature on earth, causing global warming and other complicationsIn terms of recommendations for international climate policy, I would recommenf that instead of only the proof FOR the current climate change theory being examined by international bodies, that skeptical scientists of the current theory are also requested to present their case, adn that the data for both arguments is examined by a number of non-biased, individual scientists, adn that all of theses scientists' findings are published, each in equal importance to the other. Then, if there is found to be absolutely no reasonable evidence for the current theory to be false, I would recommend that the United NAtions acts under the United NAtions Charter, under article 41/ 42 which enables the UN to act in a legally binding capability and require all nations by international law to reduce their carbon emissions by amounts relative to their current emissions.Fundamentally, the idea is flawed in that it would only encourage the price of gold on Earth to decrease, lowering the value of the gold being brought in from the distant planet. Although at first there would be a significant profit for whichever corporation backed the endeavour, eventually, due to the dropping price of the gold, the corporations profits would not be enough to sustain its continued projects on the other planet. I still believe everything I wrote earlier- namely that by moving it's wings, the butterfly can shif t air, creating a small degree of wind, and through an effect characterized only as a 'ripple effect' move enough quantities of air to then help to cause a snowstorm in Alaska. This is based upon the assumption that global atmospheric systems are simply that- global, and thus are interconnected in a way to allow this ripple to occur.%$&J \  ; a  J`?es>d֌D@00000105climate_knowledge_6posttest01`L@ ֌D@00000105climate_knowledge_5posttest01`L@ ֌D@00000105climate_knowledge_4posttest01`L@ ֌D@00000105climate_knowledge_3posttest01`L@ ֌D@00000105climate_knowledge_2posttest01`L@ ֌D@00000105climate_knowledge_1posttest01`L@ AьD@00000097climate_knowledge_confidence1posttest01t`R AьD@00000097climate_knowledge_10@ posttest01bNB AьD@00000097climate_knowledge_9I don't know. Blank.posttest01vb@ AьD@00000097climate_knowledge_8@posttest01`L@ AьD@00000097climate_knowledge_70@ posttest01`L@ AьD@00000097climate_knowledge_6@ posttest01`L@ AьD@00000097climate_knowledge_5@ posttest01`L@ AьD@00000097climate_knowledge_4@posttest01`L@ AьD@00000097climate_knowledge_3@posttest01`L@ AьD@00000097climate_knowledge_2&@posttest01`L@ AьD@00000097climate_knowledge_1v@posttest01`L@ DZnjD@00000042problem_solving_confidence1posttest02p\N DZnjD@00000042problem_solving_3@posttest02\H< DZnjD@00000042problem_solving_2@posttest02\H< DZnjD@00000042problem_solving_1@posttest02\H< AƌD@00000040climate_knowledge_10posttest01bNB AƌD@00000040climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ AƌD@00000040climate_knowledge_8posttest01`L@ AƌD@00000040climate_knowledge_7posttest01`L@ AƌD@00000040climate_knowledge_6posttest01`L@ AƌD@00000040climate_knowledge_5posttest01`L@ AƌD@00000040climate_knowledge_4posttest01`L@ AƌD@00000040climate_knowledge_3posttest01`L@ AƌD@00000040climate_knowledge_2posttest01`L@ AƌD@00000040climate_knowledge_1posttest01`L@ rÌD@00000101climate_knowledge_confidence1posttest01t`R rÌD@00000101climate_knowledge_10posttest01bNB rÌD@00000101climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ rÌD@00000101climate_knowledge_8posttest01`L@ rÌD@00000101climate_knowledge_7posttest01`L@ LVAL`H 0"Weather can be predicted to a certain extent by looking back in history and observing previous patterns which gives us an idea of what weather could be like in the future, but altogether we cannot ever completely trust these predictions.Weather and climate are different things but I'm still not sure on the exact classification seperating them. Maybe weather is the physical manifestations of climate, while climate is th actual processes.The carbon cycle is the continous conversion of oxygen to carbon dioxide and vice versa. For example, humans intake oxygen and convert it to carbon dioxide, which is then converted back to oxygen by trees who absorb the carbon dioxide in the air, creating a balance of gases.Greenhouse gases are the gases in the atmosphere that trap the UV rays that rebound of the earth's surface from the sun. These gases do not hold all rays, some escape back into space. These gases are important to our environments stability as the rays they trap warm the earth, giving the ability for life on earth.Fossil fuel use, land use and the clearing of land needs to be reduced in order to make sure that the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and oceans are also reduced. This will cause a regular amount of greenhouse gases to keep the Earth warm but not too warm. The robots should dig for gold in a small area of the surface each day, to ensure that the robots can communicate to each other. The next day, the robots should search for gold in another small area and the day after that. They should continue to do this until they have dug through the whole planet and located all the gold that is possible to acquire. Because they are robots, they should be able to survive for quite a long time, but if a couple robots are malfunctioning, new batches of robots can be sent to the planet.Although the distance from Brazil and Alaska are quite vast, a butterfly flapping its wings in Brazil could somehow affect the air currents, which could continue on til it reaches Alaska, causing a snowstorm.LVAL, &This can be possible because of the currents and cycles that are continuously travelling in the air. Examples of emergent properties in climate When an scientific error occurs ... ? or when something bad is proven with scientific evidence ... ? woops sorry.there has been a theory that the flapping of the wings can cause a snowstorm in Alaska, the flapping of a butterfly's wings cause vibration in the air thus creating a snowstorm. Although it may not sound possible, small factors have also changed the climate so it is very possible that th flapping of thier wings may cause a snowstorm. however it may take quiet a lot of butterflies to be able to achieve this result Our current global climate system is not at all stable, the amount of CO2 is rising and creating a thicker layer of greenhouse gases which is breaking or wearing down the protective bubble of our atmosphere, letting in more direct UV rays and trapping more, which is steadily heating up our earth (hence 'global warming'). On top of this we are cutting down more trees and replanting few meaning the balance of carbon dioxide to oxygen is changing, not helped by our ever growing population.Dynamic equilibrium is when we have two or more factors in our climate which constantly follow eachother's erratic patterns, even though they may not be in the same amount. This creates a dynamic (changing) equilibrium (balance of these factors, to keep something going steadily).Feedback in climate systems is basically the difference between what has come out of the output and comes back into the input. The change gives us information about various processes in the climate that we cannot oberve with our own eyes.Climate can also be predicted by looking back into previous records and taking in todays new factors that could influence these outcomes, but again we can never be 100% certain. I also believe it is slightly harder and more involved to predict climate.%$&J p  ) O u  4 N^j#Io&Tn tڌD@00000053problem_solving_confidence1posttest02p\N  tڌD@00000053problem_solving_3@ posttest02\H<  tڌD@00000053problem_solving_2@ posttest02\H<  tڌD@00000053problem_solving_1V@ posttest02\H< jٌD@00000111climate_knowledge_10posttest01bNB jٌD@00000111climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ jٌD@00000111climate_knowledge_8posttest01`L@ jٌD@00000111climate_knowledge_7posttest01`L@ jٌD@00000111climate_knowledge_6posttest01`L@ jٌD@00000111climate_knowledge_5posttest01`L@ jٌD@00000111climate_knowledge_4posttest01`L@ jٌD@00000111climate_knowledge_3posttest01`L@ jٌD@00000111climate_knowledge_2posttest01`L@ jٌD@00000111climate_knowledge_1posttest01`L@ ߦ،D@00000040problem_solving_confidence1posttest02p\N ߦ،D@00000040problem_solving_3I recommend posttest02jV< ߦ،D@00000040problem_solving_2i dont know. posttest02kW< ߦ،D@00000040problem_solving_1i odnt know. posttest02kW< ֌D@00000046problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N ֌D@00000046problem_solving_3@ posttest02\H< ֌D@00000046problem_solving_2@ posttest02\H< ֌D@00000046problem_solving_1D@ posttest02\H< ,H֌D@00000100climate_knowledge_10posttest01bNB ,H֌D@00000100climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ ,H֌D@00000100climate_knowledge_8posttest01`L@ ,H֌D@00000100climate_knowledge_7posttest01`L@ ,H֌D@00000100climate_knowledge_6posttest01`L@ ,H֌D@00000100climate_knowledge_5posttest01`L@ ,H֌D@00000100climate_knowledge_4posttest01`L@ ,H֌D@00000100climate_knowledge_3posttest01`L@ ,H֌D@00000100climate_knowledge_2posttest01`L@ ,H֌D@00000100climate_knowledge_1posttest01`L@ ֌D@00000105climate_knowledge_10posttest01bNB ֌D@00000105climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ ֌D@00000105climate_knowledge_8posttest01`L@ ֌D@00000105climate_knowledge_7posttest01`L@ LVALH R \Sorry, I do not have any recommendations. I would recommend that factories should carefully monitor the amount of fossil fuels they burn. There should be a set amount, and if factories o over, they should pay a penalty. I also think that alternative energy sources should be investigated. This would mean that greener energy would reduce the amount of corbon dioxide going into the atmosphere.The robots should travel in groups. Each group should search in one part of the planet. This would make sure that the whole planet is searched and covered. This would also ensure that the robots do not have to communicate over long distances. If there are not enough groups to cover the entire planet, a few groups should cover more than one area, but making sure that they stay a group. The robots should also ahve sensors as to make sure that they don't fall into holes dug out by other robots. I don't think that it is possible. This is because the amount of air a butterfly will displace is no where near enough to help cause a snowstorm in Alaska. The force exerted is not enough to travel that far. The displacement of air will be considerably less, and cannot affect a snowstorm in Alaska.i recommend that we should reduce the amount of carbon being released into the air. Many people have been assuming that climate change is not real, although this might be the case, i recommend that we should reduce our fossil fuel burning just in caseThe most effective way to for the robots to find gold, is to have them all search for gold over a relatively small piece of land. With more hands on deck it would be a faster and easier to find gold. Once there seems to be no more gold, the robots would mine in a different part of the land. that way the robots can communicate to each other also. Some rules for the robots are to make sure that they do not move away from the area and make sure to keep in the allocated area.B%$&L r  + O u  . Tx=W6P~?܌D@00000060problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N ?܌D@00000060problem_solving_3@posttest02\H< ?܌D@00000060problem_solving_2@posttest02\H< ?܌D@00000060problem_solving_1@posttest02\H< ?܌D@00000054problem_solving_confidence1posttest02p\N ?܌D@00000054problem_solving_3T@posttest02\H< ?܌D@00000054problem_solving_2f@posttest02\H< ?܌D@00000054problem_solving_1p@ posttest02\H< ~fیD@00000115problem_solving_confidence1posttest02p\N ~fیD@00000115problem_solving_3@ posttest02\H< ~fیD@00000115problem_solving_2@ posttest02\H< ~fیD@00000115problem_solving_1z@ posttest02\H< NیD@00000120problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N NیD@00000120problem_solving_3@ posttest02\H< NیD@00000120problem_solving_2@ posttest02\H< NیD@00000120problem_solving_1 @ posttest02\H< NیD@00000117climate_knowledge_10posttest01bNB NیD@00000117climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ NیD@00000117climate_knowledge_8posttest01`L@ NیD@00000117climate_knowledge_7posttest01`L@ NیD@00000117climate_knowledge_6posttest01`L@ NیD@00000117climate_knowledge_5posttest01`L@ NیD@00000117climate_knowledge_4posttest01`L@ NیD@00000117climate_knowledge_3posttest01`L@ NیD@00000117climate_knowledge_2posttest01`L@ NیD@00000117climate_knowledge_1posttest01`L@ $یD@00000108climate_knowledge_10posttest01bNB $یD@00000108climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ $یD@00000108climate_knowledge_8posttest01`L@ $یD@00000108climate_knowledge_7posttest01`L@ $یD@00000108climate_knowledge_6posttest01`L@ $یD@00000108climate_knowledge_5posttest01`L@ $یD@00000108climate_knowledge_4posttest01`L@ $یD@00000108climate_knowledge_3posttest01`L@ $یD@00000108climate_knowledge_2posttest01`L@ $یD@00000108climate_knowledge_1posttest01`L@ LVAL H The recommendations I would make include reducing the output of CO2.its this question again this is probably not possible because that one butterfly is not the only butterfly to have existed on the tropical lands of brazil. there are other butterflies and other species of things with wings sich as birds and flies and mosquitoes. one butterfly being able to create a snowstorm just DOESNT MAKE SENSE but then again the question says can HELP so in that case it might be possible but i do not know why.I recommend complete annilation of brown energy usage- any energy comsumption that releases some form of harm to any life on Earth. The robots should searching in lines, checking as a long line. If somehing is found, then the robots can communicate and send a message across the line. Then the robots can move in to the source and take more gold back to the ship. It is not possible to help create a snowstorm in Alaska. If the jiggle of the air cannot even be felt on someone standing next to the butterfly, how is something 10000 miles away possible. It would be best to reduce the fossil fuel burning to a minimum and more stable with the environment or find something which is able to replace the fossil fuels and not affect the rest of the environment.A better strategy is to be able to communicate with each other or leave a signal that will allow the robots to find the spot where a particular robot has found a place of gold so that the news t=can be spread and every other robot will come to help dig for the gold.no because it is too far away from located place and also the effect of the snowstorm is usually the result of weather patterns rather than just a butterfly flapping its wings triggering a snowstorm. It is unlikely that a butterfly flapping its wings would trigger a snowstorm because there are many butterflies and snowstorms occur less than the number of butterflies flapping their wings.xLVAL Fdlthe input and the output are the feedback. input could be the uv rays, output can be infra red yes no okaysometging bad happening as a result of something else?something that emerges as a result of something. i seriously dont knowyes its kinda the same as climateyes but its not accurate becasue we can never control the earth and it will alwats be diferent compared to what is predictedno climate is the long term fluctuations in our atmosphere and weather is short termwhy would the united nations committee hire someone who doesn't know anything 1. more people = more housing = environmentally harmful procedures to procure those resources to build houses = even more manmade things on nature = deforestation = not enough food = problems therefore people should adopt children instead of adding to the population. 2. no littering littering is bad 3. fossil fuel use leads to the heating of the earth therefore it should be reduced. 4. everyone should just live in villages again and fish and hunt for their own food 5. grow more trees 6. make houses with bamboo?? 7. build treehouses to live in :) 8. plant more flowers 1.have a lot of robots with scoops and a lot with buckets all robots should travel together until they find the mine of gold the ones with scoops should dig and give the gold to those with buckets those with buckets should travel together or at least in pairs to bring the gold back into the spaceship the process repeats until the robots have milked dry the minerals and resources of the planet 2.just make two giant robots to travel together and dig out the gold in huge scoops 3. the robots should eat the gold and store it in their systems so they can become gold themselves or maybe just not waste effort and time to assuage the endless pit of greed within the stomachs of humanity with contaminated gold from foreign land what value does gold hold if it becomes an easily accessible mineral rLVAL `~emergents are the unknown features which were not predicted in the system. they happen for no reason and impact the system.I recommend that factories around the world need to be more careful to the amount of fossil fuels they are releasing into the atmosphere. This increase in the amount of carbon dioxide is contributing to the increasing amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere which is likely to be the cause of the Earth warming up. Another recommendation would be that alternatives to the burning of fossil fuel needs to be investigated and used around the world to prevent factories from burning fossil fuel.A device should be put in the robot so he will stop digging gold when he reaches a certain level. This is to prevent gold falling out of the bin because it is unable to carry anymore. A GPS should be implanted in the robot so he remembers the area he is currently digging in and also the location of the space ship. This will help it navigate to the spaceship to dump its load and then back to its digging site to completely deplete the amount of gold in that area.The movement of air in the atmosphere is a very complicated cycle and if disturbed can produce various natural phenomenon. But, it seems highly improbable that a butterfly flapping it's wings can create a snowstorm anywhere in the world. It requires a suitalby large force to cause a considerable disurbance in the movement of air to achieve something close to a snowstorm. Wind is made when air rushes in to fill in the gap when hot air rises from the ground. There is a convection process as the air that has risen is cooled and comes back down above the ocean and is then pushed back onto land when the air there rises, creating a cycle. This is a fairly large cycle and if it can be interrupted by something as small as a butterfly flapping its wings, then there should be a lot of natural disasters happening in the world due to the movement of all the birds flapping their wings out there.LVAL l.do something to stop all the bad gases coming out of our factories and stuff do something about our fossil fuel burning - chemical trail - cohesion, alignment, separation.no. according to media. im not up to date. sorry.the commons- the ocean water, and the air, where no country can claim because of the mobility of such commons.Maybe have groups of robots to make sure all the gold is taken out of one area, to make sure no bits of gold are missed. There can also be underground tunnels, like underground trains, except many of them, and layered one on top of the other. They can run around the diameter of the planet, in many directions, and robots can travel in different carriages to avoid collision. They should be close enough together to make sure the robots can detect any of they close to it. This would make sure no gold is missed no matter how deep it is. Once they detect where all the gold is, they can then start digging from the top, and try to avoid the tunnels. They should also be able to determine how much gold there is in one place, and if the other robot has too much gold to carry in its bucket. It would probably best to have them be able to also detect the buckets and spaceship, to avoid confusion between gold still in the ground and gold already dug.I still don't think it is possible. There needs to be more of a dynamic change for it to trigger something like a snowstorm, especially in another place. If a snowstorm would be triggered, there has to be exaggerated changes in all aspects of the weather. If in Brazil the albedo rate is very high, and the wind speed has big changes, maybe it will spread to Alaska and become a global change because the changing conditions are so intense. If it isn't a natural change caused by aspects of the weather,then it won't be able to spread globally. But then again, global changes would have to happen first in order for the weather to spread around the world.$%$.H n  ' M s   <b?Qw 0VzK~D@00000036climate_knowledge_10posttest01bNB K~D@00000036climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ K~D@00000036climate_knowledge_8posttest01`L@ K~D@00000036climate_knowledge_7posttest01`L@ K~D@00000036climate_knowledge_6posttest01`L@ K~D@00000036climate_knowledge_5posttest01`L@ K~D@00000036climate_knowledge_4posttest01`L@ K~D@00000036climate_knowledge_3posttest01`L@ K~D@00000036climate_knowledge_2posttest01`L@ K~D@00000036climate_knowledge_1posttest01`L@ `!8D@00000114climate_knowledge_confidence3posttest01t`R `!8D@00000114climate_knowledge_10N@posttest01bNB `!8D@00000114climate_knowledge_9B@posttest01`L@ `!8D@00000114climate_knowledge_8V@ posttest01`L@ `!8D@00000114climate_knowledge_7@posttest01`L@ `!8D@00000114climate_knowledge_6@posttest01`L@ `!8D@00000114climate_knowledge_5V@posttest01`L@ `!8D@00000114climate_knowledge_4@posttest01`L@ `!8D@00000114climate_knowledge_32@posttest01`L@ `!8D@00000114climate_knowledge_2@posttest01`L@ `!8D@00000114climate_knowledge_1B@posttest01`L@ vD@00000055problem_solving_confidence1posttest02p\N >D@00000055problem_solving_3@posttest02\H< >D@00000055problem_solving_2sorry i dont know.posttest02p\< >D@00000055problem_solving_1@posttest02\H< fffD@00000107climate_knowledge_confidence3posttest01t`R fffD@00000107climate_knowledge_10l@posttest01bNB fffD@00000107climate_knowledge_9z@posttest01`L@ fffD@00000107climate_knowledge_8@posttest01`L@ fffD@00000107climate_knowledge_7@posttest01`L@ fffD@00000107climate_knowledge_6H@posttest01`L@ fffD@00000107climate_knowledge_5 @posttest01`L@ fffD@00000107climate_knowledge_4@posttest01`L@ fffD@00000107climate_knowledge_3@posttest01`L@ fffD@00000107climate_knowledge_2l@posttest01`L@ fffD@00000107climate_knowledge_1@posttest01`L@ xLVAL bIn a dynamic equilibrium, we have a closed system where something remains constant. Eg. the amount of CO2 in the air will remain the same, you cannot add or subtract to the number there is in the world and it will only move around.Feedback in a climate system is the chain reaction of something occuring in a cycle. Feedback is like a loop where something will always return to a certain point.Yes, it can. By looking back at past reports of both weather and climate we can predict climate by looking at the pattersn and changes that occur/have occured in the past and try to apply these to the future. It may not be entirely correct because there will be outliers that take an effect on the pattern of climate, and it just takes a natural occurence to affect the entire prediction.Yes, it can be predicted by looking back at past weather reports to see certain changes or patterns that emerge in the temperature, and you can also read synoptic maps or weather charts that the satellite images provide. People specifically trained to read these charts will be able to predict weather, and often as seen on news reports, they are correct to a certain degree.No, they are different. Weather refers to a more of a short-term system of weather conditions ie. sunshine, rain, clouds, etc. Climate refers to a more of a long-term system where it is a collection of cumulative 'weather' reports and shows a pattern or change. Climate is also a broader subject that relates to the different living functional systems on earth including weather, habitats, living creatures, natural occurences, etc. Weather is a part of climate, but climate is not a part of weather.The carbon cycle is the cycle of carbon dioxide particles travelling from around the air and around the in the oceans. The particles move around based on the temperatures, which can be affected by burning fossil fuels. The carbon cycle is important because it maintains a balance in the Earth's temperatures.LVAL  p,If large deposits of gold are found, the most effective way to collect it is to allow each robot to be fairly cheap. These robots will be forever collecting gold, while a spaceship will travel to and from that planet, constantly collectin gold. When these robots are heavily broken, they can be left on the planet. Mechanical robots can do regular mainteneince. Lost robots will be abandoned, and all data will be transferred to Earth. If there are any needs not availiable on the planet, a 3D printing machine will print data of anything needed.This is not possible. The only valid hypothesis is that the when a butterfly flaps its wings, the small mounts of wind will collect together, forming large winds which will cause a snowstorm. However, there is no data to prove wind can collect to become stronger. Also, there would be winds travelling in the opposite direction, which would disrupt this theory. This process has been researched previously and is named the butterfly effect.From my findings from the investigations and observations of the computer models I used in this unit I would recommend to reduce the number of coals burtna and to reduca the amount of carbon being made from factories. A butterfly flapping its wings in Brazil can jiggle the air and this can help cause a snowstorm in Alaska. Although butterflies are small they can have a big impact on the earth. im not sure.Yes, as long as we remain to keep steady levels of fossil-fuel burning and we make good use of our resources, it will be stable. The burning of fossil fuels evidently increases the temperature levels in the atmosphere, and if we increase the lever to a high level, the temperatures will increase dramatically.If this is referring to the 'tipping point' in something, it's when you reach a certain point and everything after that will 'spiral downhill', only it doesn't have to be in a negative way. eg. once the density of the trees reached a certain point, the fire would definitely spread unto the other side of the screen.8%$&N | % K q  * Nt-SwBh[DD@00000099climate_knowledge_8@posttest01`L@ [DD@00000099climate_knowledge_7@posttest01`L@ [DD@00000099climate_knowledge_6z@posttest01`L@ [DD@00000099climate_knowledge_5B@posttest01`L@ [DD@00000099climate_knowledge_4@posttest01`L@ [DD@00000099climate_knowledge_3@posttest01`L@ [DD@00000099climate_knowledge_2 @posttest01`L@ [DD@00000099climate_knowledge_1@posttest01`L@ D@00000057climate_knowledge_confidence3posttest01t`R D@00000057climate_knowledge_10@posttest01bNB D@00000057climate_knowledge_98@posttest01`L@ D@00000057climate_knowledge_8@posttest01`L@ D@00000057climate_knowledge_7@posttest01`L@ D@00000057climate_knowledge_6@posttest01`L@ D@00000057climate_knowledge_5R@posttest01`L@ D@00000057climate_knowledge_4:@posttest01`L@ D@00000057climate_knowledge_3@posttest01`L@ D@00000057climate_knowledge_2@posttest01`L@ D@00000057climate_knowledge_1:@posttest01`L@ 2ID@00000092climate_knowledge_10posttest01bNB 2ID@00000092climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ 2ID@00000092climate_knowledge_8posttest01`L@ 2ID@00000092climate_knowledge_7posttest01`L@ 2ID@00000092climate_knowledge_6posttest01`L@ 2ID@00000092climate_knowledge_5posttest01`L@ 2ID@00000092climate_knowledge_4posttest01`L@ 2ID@00000092climate_knowledge_3posttest01`L@ 2ID@00000092climate_knowledge_2posttest01`L@ 2ID@00000092climate_knowledge_1posttest01`L@ ,D@00000041problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N ,D@00000041problem_solving_3@ posttest02\H< ,D@00000041problem_solving_2D@posttest02\H< ,D@00000041problem_solving_1p@posttest02\H< aD@00000113climate_knowledge_10posttest01bNB aD@00000113climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ aD@00000113climate_knowledge_8posttest01`L@ LVAL Emergent properties are results in data that stand out or show a trend such as a steady increase/ decrease.Weather can be predicted by various equipment such as weather balloons, satellites, etc. Weather predictions are not exactly accurate due to the various changes in the atmosphere and natural causes. Many sudden changes cannot be predicted a few days before the occurence of the event. Weather and climate are different. Weather is the temperature collected for a short amount of days where climate is the temperature collected and observed over a long period of time. Climate can be determined by the temperatures from weather over a period of time. Most of the time, climate stays the same unless there is an overall increase/decrease of the weather over the past few months. Global warming can be shown due to the rise of temperatures causing the climate of many regions to be hot and humid.The carbon cycle is the process of carbon circulating the atmosphere, oceans, trees and living organisms. It circulates throughout the biosphere. CO2 is added to the atmosphere through various causes, such as fossil fuel burning, deforestation and the death of living organisms. CO2 is distributed in a convection current due to the rising and falling of the warm and cold air in the atmosphere. Oceans and trees also absorbs the CO2 in the atmosphere and then releases it due to photosynthesis.Greenhouse gases are gases that are emitted from various activites from humans and also from the burning of the fossil fuels. They are important us as they trap heat from the sun's rays in order to keep the earth warm and suitable for inhabitation. Without greenhouse gases, humans and many other species of flora and fauna would not be able to thrive. But if there is a large increase of heat trapped by the greenhouse gases, the earth would start to warm up and the temperatures would rise, causing many species of flora and fauna to die. 6LVAL 6Z"PThe current global climate system is stable as there aren't any frequent dramatic changes in the biosphere. BUt due to global warming, the future global system might not be stable anymore due to the inbalance of CO2 in the biosphere.Examples of 'Tragedy of the commons' are the dramatic increase of temperatures (extreme) and natural disasters. They are caused by the increase/decrease of CO2 in the biosphere which results into the 'tragedy of commons'. Global warming is also an example of 'tragedy of the commons'.The emergent properties in climate systems include water, living organisms, amount of CO2 in the biosphere, albedo rate. They are the properties in which the atmosphere which can cause many events due to the amount of it in the biosphere.Dynamic equilibrium in climate systems are through the results from the many models over the past days. The results from the models show a dynamic equilibrium as the results are constant and non-static. The results are also from a closed system.There are many feedback in climate systems such as water feedback, albedo feedback, etc. The feedback in the climate systems may be positive or negative. Positive feedback can result into positive results in the biosphere. The biosphere would maintain a balanced amount of CO2 and many living organisms would thrive and wouldn't die out quickly due to the variations in temperature caused by the increase/decrease of CO2. Also positive feedback can result into tipping points. Negative feedback can result into negative results and consequences in the biosphere. Temperatures may vary a lot causing many flora and fauna to die out due to the intense climate, making it inhabitable for living organisms to live. Climate can be predicted due the average of the temperature and weather occurences over a long period of time. As climate is observed over a long period of time, is easier to predict climate than weather. Sudden changes in the weather can be outliers when collecting data from the past few months.LVAL b P They should start in a really long line split across into NOrth east south and west and then come, so that at least two robots can track down one robot. they should go down across the planet and have them scoop up the gold. The robots should go back to a big bin at the spaceship after 48 hours and then recharge. After a while if they have cleared the area they should walk for 48 hours and have the spaceship go there too. While walking they should be able to get more gold. After a while the spaceship will be full, and the robots should take as much as they can store and then go back. And then the robots should be able to come to earth and work as gold miners. I think it can't because i think the air waves that the butterfly sends out would be too miniscule to help a snowstorm. Maybe it could drive up a tiny bit of water vapour up but it would probably have a small chance to make it to alaska as it is really far away. THe water vapour woul dhave gone up anyway. So a butterfly might be able to but only help by a small percent.nope. because from what we humans do everyday, our earth will most likely heat up in the future. and it will keep getting hotter and hotter and hotter and hotterrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrr. i dont exactly know but i tihnk its a pattern that happens as a result of somthing that occurs and its steady and keeps the same pattern feedback is something that naturally occurs in nature but isnt progamed into the system to occur example when we are cold the brain tells the body to start shivering to realise we are coldthe carbon cycle is the cycle that refers to the transfer of carbon in the different spheres. they are in the sea, air and earth. my answers are short because they got deleted and i dont want to write everything in detail again so ill just summarise what i wrote greenhouse gases are gases in the atmosphere that keep the earth warm and are created by us. they are trapped in the atmosphere %$$: h  3 Y   8^n'Ms*PvHzD@00000095climate_knowledge_4posttest01`L@ HzD@00000095climate_knowledge_3posttest01`L@ HzD@00000095climate_knowledge_2posttest01`L@ HzD@00000095climate_knowledge_1posttest01`L@ UJD@00000091climate_knowledge_10posttest01bNB UJD@00000091climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ UJD@00000091climate_knowledge_8posttest01`L@ UJD@00000091climate_knowledge_7posttest01`L@ UJD@00000091climate_knowledge_6posttest01`L@ UJD@00000091climate_knowledge_5posttest01`L@ UJD@00000091climate_knowledge_4posttest01`L@ UJD@00000091climate_knowledge_3posttest01`L@ UJD@00000091climate_knowledge_2posttest01`L@ UJD@00000091climate_knowledge_1posttest01`L@ D@00000118climate_knowledge_confidence1posttest01t`R D@00000118climate_knowledge_10b@posttest01bNB D@00000118climate_knowledge_9@posttest01`L@ D@00000118climate_knowledge_8@posttest01`L@ D@00000118climate_knowledge_7@posttest01`L@ D@00000118climate_knowledge_6@posttest01`L@ D@00000118climate_knowledge_5B@posttest01`L@ D@00000118climate_knowledge_4b@posttest01`L@ D@00000118climate_knowledge_3@posttest01`L@ D@00000118climate_knowledge_2@posttest01`L@ D@00000118climate_knowledge_1@posttest01`L@ [D@00000101problem_solving_confidence1posttest02p\N [D@00000101problem_solving_3posttest02\H< [D@00000101problem_solving_28@posttest02\H< [D@00000101problem_solving_1@posttest02\H< vD@00000103problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N vD@00000103problem_solving_3@posttest02\H< vD@00000103problem_solving_28@posttest02\H< vD@00000103problem_solving_1@posttest02\H< [DD@00000099climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R [DD@00000099climate_knowledge_10l@posttest01bNB [DD@00000099climate_knowledge_9l@posttest01`L@ LVAL 0  ndynamic equilibrium in systems could be the carbon in the atmosphere and the carbon in the ocean. if there is an increase of carbon in the atmosphere, the carbon levels in the ocean will rise too, following the levels.yes, due to the patterns that can be made from the past climate changes, patterns can be drawn out. patterns can be extended, therefore predictions can be made.yes, weather can be predicted. to a certain extent, because of satellite pictures from outer space, monitering the earth and the clouds movement. what else can be explained? weather and climate are different. although both are predictable within a certain amount of time, weather is to deal with the humidity, the clouds and the sun. climate is to deal with the earth and how the sun and cold affects the earth. the earth.the carbon cycle is the cycle of carbon going around- in all systems, for example, carbon + oxygen breathd in, carbon breathed out. the gases that keep the earth warm are the greenhouse gases. they are important because if the warmth isnt kept within the ozone to keep the earth warm, the earth's temperature would decrease and life would cease because it would be too cold.Similar to the ant model........... The robots could spread out from their position to forage for gold and alert the others, causing the other robots to flock to the found gold to ensure it gets collected quickly im really nto aawke enguh to answer thi s sorry just g oi ng to submitThis is called the butterfly effect and it provides an example as to how one small event can trigger a series of events that lead to a bigger catastrophy. theoterically, the example given by the butterfly effect is possible I think that United Nations should impose a rule to stop having so many power plants with carbon dioxide in it. 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Place an animal in Russia where the acAim: TO help the animals in Omosa to stop declininAim: To observe why animal populations in Omosa arI disagree. With an increase of traffic and narrowBecause need to seen on the road and the traffic m 7  Ha t  [ b߱Y=@434206685confidence43posttest02T@2 b߱Y=@43420668513~TEXTd@#posttest02J6* b߱Y=@434206685confidence34posttest02T@2 b߱Y=@43420668512bposttest02B.  b߱Y=@43420668511dposttest02B.  b߱Y=@43420668510dposttest02B.  b߱Y=@4342066859dposttest02@, b߱Y=@4342066858bposttest02@, b߱Y=@4342066857aposttest02@, YH=@432765024confidence42posttest02T@2 YH=@43276502413~TEXTd@#posttest02J6*   YaccoN Y { Y d Y Y  Y  dusernamequestion answerdate_entered pageIDl|ce_: | itt YYYY answerdate_entered pageIDPRIMARY,LVAL J T$JWeather frequently changes so iris hard to accurately pinpoint the weather but it ca be forecasted/ predictedExamples of emergent properties in climate systems include the amount of CO2 and c- oceans in the atmosphere.It should have a sensor to detect how much of the gold it has already dug out. The robots should also not dig in the same spot.The robots would have to be specifically programmed to actually collect the gold when they reach it or else there would be no point in sending them. They would also have to follow a set route or path to avoid wandering aimlessly all over the planet. This would also allow them to communicate better. The spaceship would then have to have the potential to carry all of the gold, considering the weight of the gold, back to earth.The butterfly effect is rather unplausible as there is no direct connection between the two places. Air cannot be 'jiggled' and perhaps even a larger force would not be capable of causing a snowstorm on the other side of the world. However, by flapping its wings it may pay a very small contribution to developing a snowstorm.or technology must be really advanced to do this really. what if what they dig up isnt gold biut dirt or some other element? they will kinda have to have really amazing sensors no. its pretty weird and stupid because its a butterfly. if tere is a butterfly that can flap its wings so hard it will the jiggle the air then thats pretty coo. but a butterfly will probably at most make small breeze with its wings let alone cause a snowstorm in alaska which is on the other side of the worldI do not think that a butterfly flapping its wings can jiggle the air and thus completely cause a snowstorm in Alaska. However, I do believe that there may be a minor contribution. Perhaps combined with other factors, a butterfuly flapping its wings may help cause a snowstorm in Alaska. In the models we have seen this term, change one thing and everything changes with it, no matter how minor or major this change is.RLVAL pjjFeedback in climate systems can include the input of the sun's rays and the output of ultraviolet rays radiating from the earth.Yes. Affects such as feedback, emergence and dynamic equilibrium would allow a butterfly in Brazil to cause a snowstorm in Alaska. W e a t h e r and climate are different. Weather can be predicted by using machines and technology so that people, for example, can decide what to bring on a trip, if a Monday is a good day for a wedding. Weather can be predicted for a while before the actual day. Weather is the temperature and the kind of day it will be- sunny, rainy, stormy etc. The weather is a factor that contributes to the climate. So, on the other hand, climate is not only about the weather but also about other factors including the amount of CO2, albedo and stuff. G r e e n h o u s e gases are the gases in the atmosphere so that when UV rays from the sun enter the Earth's atmosphere they will be trapped in, warming the Earth. Greenhouse gases are created from gases released into the atmosphere from aerosals, machines, air conditioners etc. Greenhouse gases prevent infrared light to go back into space, instead trapping the light inside the Earth's atmosphere so that the Earth is heated. Changing climate patterns on earth are a cause of concern as they will alter the equilibrium that we humans are currently comfortable with. Through investigations and observations of climate computer models, it can be concluded that increasing levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere are strongly linked to global warming. These levels of carbon dioxide are caused by activities such as fossil fuel burning. Thus being said, it is important that society is aware of this change and make an effort to lower carbon emissions by doing things from small tasks like using public transport rather than driving a car, to exploring and creating new strategies, such as alternative energies (windpower and solar energy), and laws that reduce these emissions.jLVALf n HEach robot should be designated a certain area, and each should be spread out evenly each with their own area to search and dig up. They should have a sensor to detect other robots in the area so they don't collide with each other when returning to the ship to empty out the gold. Each robot should have an efficient gold-finding technique installed, with many gadgets to find the most gold quickly and efficiently.Maybe, even though it sounds a little far-fetched. If there are millions of butterflies in Brazil flapping their wings, then maybe it would contribute to something. However, one butterfly can't do much, so it would have to be a huge amount or migration or something. All systems are interconnected so it may have an effect. N o . Due to the amount of fossil fuels the things on our Earth produce our climate has become precariously dangerous some of the animals on our planet. Birds who think it is Spring (as the end of Winter is getting increasingly warm through the years) migrate early and face hardship as there is no food. F e e d b a c k is when a part of the system leaves a trace for others of the system so as to continue the system. In climate systems there are different kind of feedback. When something happens, for example, increasing the amount of albedo in the model, it affects the rest of the model because it is programmed to change one a thing changes. C l i m a t e , on the other hand, cannot be predicted as there are so many unpredictable factors that one needs to know. Things like the amount of carbon and the albedo affect are needed to know the climate. Climate can only be known at the time. A s stated above, weather can be predicted by using machines and technology so that people, for example, can decide what to bring on a trip, if a Monday is a good day for a wedding. Weather can be predicted for a while before the actual day. Weather is the temperature and the kind of day it will be- sunny, rainy, stormy etc. LVALl4- Do something to regulate fossil fuels burning - This is a problem that needs to be resolved by the powerful countries because it is they who have the biggest greenhouse gas emissions - Put a cap on the maximum amount of emissions that should be emmited by each country - Some form of punishment if countries exceeds cap - Maybe they need to go to climate school and understand feedback, dynamic equilibrium and emergence - Hold conferences but actually get work done at conferences instead of just arguing - Maybe compromise your economic growth for a more sustainable futureA sensor should be set so that the robots stay the maximum distance between eachother while still able to maintain communication. This will enable the robots to spread over the biggest distance possible at a time.No. The distance is too large. The scale of the event is too small. It is logistically and practically impossible for a butterfly in Brazil to cause a snowstorm in Alaska.1. Have a small amount of fossil fuel burning as possible, and eventually don't need them at all(they're running out very quickly anyway) 2. Install renewable/conservative forms of creating energy all around the world/members in the United Nation e.g. hydraulic power, wind, solar, etc. 3. Have more plantations/plant more trees to restore forests - stop logging in areas that are vulnerable/should not be logged/affects ecosystems, etc. 4. Stop overfishing/poaching - have stricter laws/better monitoring systems/punishment (since animals help regulate ecosystems and therefore climate). 5. Have more effective/efficient methods for disposing of rubbish/use more recyclable materials for packaging, etc - landfill is filling up, more space would be needed, but this would make things worse. Rotting organic material release large amounts of methane gas, and other materials take thousands of years. 6. Have more water-efficient methods for everything - that way, water will be saved/conserved and less water-waste would be washed up streams, etc.%$H ^  ( N r 9gF`?YͫID@00000114problem_solving_confidence3posttest02p\N ͫID@00000114problem_solving_3@1posttest02\H< ͫID@00000114problem_solving_2@1posttest02\H< ͫID@00000114problem_solving_1@0posttest02\H< ΕGD@00000097problem_solving_confidence1posttest02p\N ΕGD@00000097problem_solving_3@0posttest02\H< ΕGD@00000097problem_solving_2@0posttest02\H< ΕGD@00000097problem_solving_1@/posttest02\H< ?D@00000057problem_solving_confidence3posttest02p\N ?D@00000057problem_solving_3@/posttest02\H< ?D@00000057problem_solving_2"@/posttest02\H< ?D@00000057problem_solving_16@/posttest02\H< Z;D@00000091problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N Z;D@00000091problem_solving_3`@/posttest02\H< Z;D@00000091problem_solving_2@(posttest02\H< Z;D@00000091problem_solving_1@-posttest02\H< 8D@00000113problem_solving_confidence3posttest02p\N 8D@00000113problem_solving_3@@.posttest02\H< 8D@00000113problem_solving_2@.posttest02\H< 8D@00000113problem_solving_1>@.posttest02\H< 7D@00000035climate_knowledge_confidence3posttest01t`R 7D@00000035climate_knowledge_10@.posttest01bNB 7D@00000035climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ 7D@00000035climate_knowledge_8@posttest01`L@ 7D@00000035climate_knowledge_7@posttest01`L@ 7D@00000035climate_knowledge_6H@-posttest01`L@ 7D@00000035climate_knowledge_5H@-posttest01`L@ 7D@00000035climate_knowledge_4No, not definitely.posttest01ua@ 7D@00000035climate_knowledge_3t@-posttest01`L@ 7D@00000035climate_knowledge_2@-posttest01`L@ 7D@00000035climate_knowledge_1@posttest01`L@ q2I5D@00000111problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N q2I5D@00000111problem_solving_3d@-posttest02\H< q2I5D@00000111problem_solving_2@-posttest02\H< q2I5D@00000111problem_solving_1@)posttest02\H< 2>4D@00000117problem_solving_confidence1posttest02p\N LVAL( 8No, but bascically the theory is stating that one variable, no matter how minute it is will have an effect on the other variable.Feedback in climate systems include water and albedo feedback which are factors influencing results with certain processes like photosynthesis and the carbon cycle.Climate can be predicted from past weather records all over the world to discover trends and patterns over the years and see events that could repeat in the future.THey are different. Weather is the arth's conditions over a shorter period of time in a more local area whereas climate is the earth's conditions over a longer period of time, globally. The carbon cycle is the random distribution of CO2 through the atmosphere, oceans and living things/trees on land. The burning of fossil fuels though human activity contributes to the convection currents of CO2 in the atmosphere where hot and cold air rises and falls.I would recommend that in order to mantain some balance in the global climate system, each country would have to be given a set amount of carbon they are allowed to emit. The amount of carbon each country is allowed to emit could be increased in proportion to the number of excess trees planted in that country, and a country, for example Denmark, that uses a lot of renewable energy and thus has lower carbon emmissions could sell some of their quota of carbon emmissions to a country like China that uses a lot of non-renewable. Every ton over the limit that is emitted by a country would result in a fine to payed by that country, the proceeds of which would go towards climate research.Other rules that the robots should be programmed to follow are to stay a certain distance away from the other robots, this will make them spread out so they will be able to cover the entire surface of the planet; the robots must also return to the spaceship once their gold-bin is full, so the gold is returned to earth rather than bein left on the distant planet.FLVALr4 \all countries should legislate a cap on the CO2 emmisions they are allowed to release based on population. they are only allowed to use sustainablly managed forests for timber, paper and other necessities, and big companies that use an excessive amount of fossil fuels for burning should have to contribute to the conservation of other resources to reduce their footprint and there should be practices put into place that forces these companies to limit their usage of fossil fuels, the level being reduced by a certain percentage every year. just like ants in a colony, they should have a way of communicating with each other over longer distances, such as a car horn. the robots could sound the horn and the other robots could have sound sensors! the louder the horn, the larger the amount of gold the robot has found. on a serious note, the robots could use a trackng device to measure their precise location where the gold has been found and transmit to any robots in close proximity. when the robot travels back to base, it transmits this signal so that other, previously uncontactable robots can be sent to find the gold. i have already answered this question in the pre-test. my answer has not changed but i have been told i have to answer it again. here it goes: Theoretically, the butterfly's wing movements could be enough the cause a domino effect - the wing movement creates a tiny amount of air movement, which contributes to the breeze blowing outside, which can now build into a strong wind, which feeds the global wind bands that wrap around the world, which creats abnormally strong winds in Alaska, which then creates a snowstorm due to the wild conditions. In real life, this would never happen. i answered this completely in the pre-test. again. my answer has not changed.Yes it is currently stable but in the future, some research shows global warming may be a problem with unstable distribution of CO2 in the atmosphere apparently caused by excessive fossil fuel usage.lLVALj H ,They are different. Weather is short term (day + 0 day) and li ate is long term...Emergent properties in climate systems can include the degree of water feedback.In theory, a butterfly flapping it's wings in Brazil could possibly cause a snowstorm in Alaska, but this is not at all likely. We can follow the rule that everything in life effects, even slightly, evertything else which would allow something as ridiculous as this to happen. This flapping could cause a domino-like effect, snowballing (pardon the pun) in power to end up creating the snowstorm. Although in reality this would be an extremely rare and untraceable occurence.People should use public transportation instead of cars, to reduce the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere which is causing global warming. Also people should recycle and reuse many objects as the production of the materials is costly as well as bad for the environment. Plant more trees in order to keep and maintain the balance of CO2 in the atmosphere so there wouldn't be too much in the biosphere, causing temperatures to rise, and flora and fauna dying and oceans warming up.The condition of the robot should be concerned due to the gravity from space. Also there should be protection from the solar flares. Also the accuracy of the sensor to detect the gold should be kept in mind. The amount of the scoop to dig the gold should be concerned. This is not possible as Brazil is located in the Southern hemisphere and Alaska is located in the Northern Hemisphere. The large amount of distance between the two locations is not possible for the cause. Also the air in Brazil is usually warm due to the climate there and Alaska has a different climate so it isnt possible for a snowstorm to occur in Alaska just by the force of a butterfly flapping its wings.Our carbon output should be minimised to nothing or very little. We should also have a carbon tax on large companies and stop the use of coal or 'fracking' for 'natural gases'.&LVALD @.@Ni, climate is dependent on weather over time and weather can only be predicted, accurately somewhat ahead of a month .No, not really, because it is long term to an extent, yes, if the weather patterns appear to be similar and recurring.Yes, it can be predicted up to one week before the day being predicted.A butterfly flapping its wings in Brazil cannot jiggle the air and thus cannot help cause a snowstorm in Alaska. A butterfly flapping its wings is cause by an entirely different phenomenon called air pressure. On the other hand a snow storm is caused by weather changes in the atmosphere. The climate solely affects the snowstorm occurence. All this proves the fact that notion and idea of butterfly wings flapping having caused the snowstorm is not possible. First of all everyone can regonise that our planet is going downhill. We are routining our host and ignoring the effects, just because it won't effect us personally. For every section of land cleared we should replant seeds, creating a continuous cycle of reuse, instead of simply plowing through our forests. We should take action and completely ban the use of fossil fuels, there are so many other options and yet people are too lazy to take action. As a civilisation we have always preferred a comforting lie to a uncomfortable truth. Altogether we need to take time to heal our planet and the ozone layer if we wish to remain living here.I believe we should program the robots to follow almost the same orders as the ant diagram, they should always remain within a certain distance of eachother, the furthest they can go without losing communication with another robot. This way they will be able to explore a large distance without getting lost. As well as this ammendment, everytime a robot finds gold he should send a message to all other robots as feedback, alerting them to the newly discovered gold spot. With these two new rules to follow the discovery of the gold should quicken and the entire process should become much more efficient.fLVAL& Hh~Green house gases are gases in the earths' atmosphere that filter sunlight through to the earth and keep UV rays out.Yes, by looking at graphs and charts you can locate the trends and predict if temperature will rise, drop etc. Talking about this metaphorically, I guess the message it is trying to say is that a small effect and affect something in a larger scale. Which some what links to the effect that a small rise in temperatures can cause icecaps to melt and perhaps animals to be migrating or feeding too early. (????) Though if we take it literally, it does not seem possible that a butterfly causing the slightest movement in air particles in Brazil would cause a snowstorm in Alaska. I mean if it did, we would be hearing about thousands of snowstorms happening in Alaska.A carbon tax should be employed because not only does it provide money for the government but it will also be successful in decreasing the amounts of carbon that are wasted by human sannually. There should be a limited carbon footprint that is allowed for every person living in a particular location. This will give the government the ability to successfully govern the carbon footprints that are being left by every individual. This reccomendation has been initiated by the many climate change models as they show the neccesity of an equilibrium in the climate change systems.SOme of the strategies that the robots must follow include the following - 1. There should be a certain amount of weight that a particular robot can carry as excess weight may disfunction the robot. 2. There should be robots that have been allocated at particular places of the planet. 3. The scoop should be quite hollow so that oit is successful in taking out large amounts of gold. 4. The carrying bins should have lids on top in order to prevent the gold from falling out of the bins. These are some of the strategies that should be employed in order to most succssfully take away the largest amounts of gold.F%$.H v ' U  4 b|-[u :Pv ~qE@00000041climate_knowledge_5@9posttest01`L@ ~qE@00000041climate_knowledge_4@9posttest01`L@ ~qE@00000041climate_knowledge_3^@9posttest01`L@ ~qE@00000041climate_knowledge_2r@9posttest01`L@ ~qE@00000041climate_knowledge_1L@9posttest01`L@ D@00000098problem_solving_confidence3posttest02p\N D@00000098problem_solving_3@9posttest02\H< D@00000098problem_solving_2 @8posttest02\H< D@00000098problem_solving_1@8posttest02\H< :m`D@00000100problem_solving_confidence4posttest02p\N :m`D@00000100problem_solving_3@8posttest02\H< :m`D@00000100problem_solving_2@7posttest02\H< :m`D@00000100problem_solving_1@7posttest02\H< :W^D@00000095problem_solving_confidence3posttest02p\N :W^D@00000095problem_solving_3@6posttest02\H< :W^D@00000095problem_solving_2X@6posttest02\H< :W^D@00000095problem_solving_1@6posttest02\H<  ]D@00000092problem_solving_confidence3posttest02p\N  ]D@00000092problem_solving_3T@6posttest02\H<  ]D@00000092problem_solving_2@6posttest02\H<  ]D@00000092problem_solving_1@6posttest02\H< ]D@00000035problem_solving_confidence3posttest02p\N ]D@00000035problem_solving_3P@5posttest02\H< ]D@00000035problem_solving_2@5posttest02\H< ]D@00000035problem_solving_1@5posttest02\H< UJTD@00000107problem_solving_3\@5posttest02\H< UJTD@00000107problem_solving_2@5posttest02\H< UJTD@00000107problem_solving_1@4posttest02\H< ųQD@00000108problem_solving_confidence1posttest02p\N ųQD@00000108problem_solving_3:@4posttest02\H< ųQD@00000108problem_solving_2`@4posttest02\H< ųQD@00000108problem_solving_1T@3posttest02\H< LD@00000094problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N LD@00000094problem_solving_3H@3posttest02\H< LD@00000094problem_solving_2`@3posttest02\H< LD@00000094problem_solving_1Z@1posttest02\H< LVAL X:@Dynamic Equilibrium is the returning to the original state in a sudden way?an example of dynamic between the carbon emitted by equilibrium would be to balance between the carbon emitted by the oceansyes, to a certain extent with our current technology but as humans have have not progress to a point If one examines the details of this theory, then it might be possible for butterflies flapping their wings to cause a snowstorm. However this is highly unlikely. If we look at the positive or negtive feedback effect, everything in a loop should cause another thing to happen, causing another thing to happen, and this should keep going in a loop. Even though in the theory is correct, the wings of butterflies, no matter how many there were, would not be strong enough to propel a large enough amount of air all the way to Alaska, and create a snowstorm.The earth's temperatures are rising and we should try to find out exactly why. If the results do point towards Climate Change, they should find exactly what emmisions are making the rise. If it is man - made emmisions that affect the earth's temperatures then the United Nation committee should take the necesary steps to prevent it or try at least to stop what we've already done. (????????????????????????????????????)The robots should first before digging should make a estimated circle for where to dig (within their programing not actually on the ground). This should be done by the robots using sensors to try to locate the places where they sense gold and where they don't. When the robot digs up the gold and finds that there is too much gold for it to carry it should return back to the ship but while it's doing that, the robot should use some sort of GPS system to track the path from the gold to the space ship. This GPS system should be on all robots and when a track appears, robots near the track should head towards the track and follow it. Just like the systems that bees use to find food.xLVAL fVNo, Because climate non linear and we are on we verge of tipping point with the heat rising like so I accidentally clicked on something in my bookmarks when I was trying to move the tab somewhere else so I'll just summarise what I first wrote: The force or energy the butterfly uses to flap its wings will cause a somewhat shift in the air immediately next to it, if only even slightly. What happens is that if this effect was magnified, it would have a huge impact on the air even as far away as Alaska, and this effect that the power of flapping uses helps build up to the effect needed to buffet a snowstorm. So yes, I think that will be possible, since it shifts the air over just a tiny bit over the entire 'blanket' of air around the world.Every person in the world can make a small difference to the current downhill slope of the earth's climate. If humans somehow decreased the amount of fossil fuels being burned, the temperature would become more stable. We need to adjust our way of living to create a more dynamic equilibrium, for a more balanced environment. If the environment was balanced, the number of things dying would be the same as those being born, causing no net decrease or increase. In a perfect world, every living thing should follow a certain set of rules depending on who they were. This would create a more balanced climate for earth and also be more beneficial for future generations.I think that the robots should all have programmed the same set of rules or patterns in order to obtain the best possible results. Another rule should be that if one robot moves too far away from the others, they will turn around and return. The same should be if they get too close to another robot. This will keep the results being stable, and in a dynamic equilibrium. With every robot following a set of the same rules, the gold should be able to be found more quickly, which is what the humans want. The robots is in a cycle of positive feedback this way.LVALF The United Nations should continue researching the factors that may possibly contribute to global warming or negative climate change and monitor CO2 levels efficiently.The robots can search for gold in a large group while splitting off into smaller groups within small distances. A smaller group will form a line to the spaceship in order to pass the gold back. A line of robots will allow short distance communication.No, it is not possible for a butterfly's wings flapping to cause a snowstorm. IF combined with other influences it could create a snowball effect with wind and changes in air pressure over time but not alone and definitely over a small amount of time. Find other forms of more environmentally-friendly energy usages/consumptionmethods because burning fossil fuels is not the way to go. Out current resources such as coal and oil will run out someday and we desperately need an alternative. High amounts of fossil-fuesl are not good for the environment and they affect the temperature, distorting the original temperature patterns because human-actionss are taking an effect on it.I accidentally clicked on something in my bookmarks when I was trying to move the tab somewhere else so I'll just summarise what I first wrote: I think that the most convenient and efficient way would be to have enough mini-robots to fill up the entire planet, spaced out in a way that they would all be close enough to each other that they can communicate to each other. Although it would be quite costly and maybe unpractical, it is the most efficient way of getting together all the gold and at the end of the day it's probably fastest and has a higher guarantee of being successful. They would remain in their original formations and then after they've all dug up the gold in that one spot they would rotate to dig in a second spot next to each other, the plan would be formulated beforehand and programmed into them so that they know what they're doing.LVAL & where the release and absorption of suns' rays are equal and undisturbed by other aspects (ex water effect, C02 and albedo)Dynamic equilibrium is when aspect of the a cycle is changed and it affects anoithe aspect of the cycle which keep it balancedWe need to bring our fossil fuel usage down significantly. To do this, we need to look at eco friendly options for energy. Energy sources that could potentially be used include: solar energy, wind energy and hydro electricity. So that the robots can effectively find the gold, the robots should travel in packs. This allows them to communicate with each other and helps them find more gold quickly. It is not possible for butterflies to cause snowstorms in another part of the world. If the butterflies were capable to having any sort of effect on the wind patterns, their power would be thwarted by greater forces such as the Coriolis effect. reduce carbon emission a per year and educate more students about the effects of climate change and how the climate works to promote less carbon emissions in the futurei would program the robots to use the same function/sytem ants use to find food. by programming the robots to leave chemical trails that allow other robots to be noified and follow the trail to bring back the gold. the chemical trail should have a medium diffusion rate since once all the gold is found in one spot then the robots wont need to continue to foolow the trail. yes because through all the models we have done we can notice that if one varible is changed just slightly the whole system is effect. this butterfly effect theory explores this concept since the tiniest change in the air difference can start a chain reaction which may result in a snowstorm in alaska. the difference in air current/ pressure a butterflies wings can cause may be amplified by like a ripple effect in pond. this may cause a low pressure system to form above alaska and cause a snowstormrLVAL$4I think it is where there is an inevitable dramatic increase or decrease in some aspectthe robots should do what the ants do, as in they should leave a trail when they find a big depsoit of gold that they cant carry all by themselves and then the other robots will pick up that trail and add to the trail creating a feedback effect. they should also have built in censors that detect gold (im assuming that there is unlimited technology) meaning they should have massive rocket boosters just cos they can and they should also have indestructable metal cos otherwise the suns rays and stuff would kill them there spaceship should have built in hypospace (like in star wars) and it should have atomic guns and stuff to protect from alien attach, cos of course, the aliens will detect all the activity and then the aliens will want the gold so the robots will have to kill them with the atomic blasters and stuff, and the rocket boosters will help them dodge alein attachs.no this is not possible, this so impossible. that phrase that says 'nothing is impossible' is wrong, this is impossible a butterfly is mini and a snow storm is massive. brazil is in south america and alaska is above north america. a butterfly would flap its wings and cause a disturbance in the air over brazil and that is all that would happen, besides even if that butterfly was massive a disturbance in teh air would not make a snowstorm in alaska because snowstorm are not just made from disturbances in the air, the air must be cold, it needs to be windy and there needs to be enough water vapour in the air to freeze into snow. therefore the butterfly would notcontribute to a snowstorm in alaska because movement of air doesn't even cause snowstorms, cold an dwindy conditions cause snowstorms. this is not to say that whilst this butterfly jiggles its wings in the air over brazil a snowstorm will not occur in alaska, this just means tha tthe butterfly will not be the cause of the snowstorm.LVALj  Obviously the few rules listed above are definitely not enough to pull off an experiment this large. The robots need to be programmed so that when humans are not able to communicate with them they will still be able to work. This may be advanced technology. We would also need a spaceship that will be able to bring the robots back, with all the gold. It would have to be large enough for the thousand of robots and the (maybe) thousands of pieces of gold. The robots should be programmed or communicated to cover a part of the planet so that different robots wouldn't have to look over the same land that other robots already have. No. I do not believe that flutter of a butterfy's wings will not cause a storm thousands of kilometres away. On the contrary, the saying may mean that a little movement, even a flutter of change in the system may affect the whole system or model at a larger scale at a different place. For example if we change the speed of reproduction of wolves in the wolf-sheep model by only a few numbers the affect of wolf and sheep will differ drastically form before. we should totally adopt a green earth effect, and just in cause that doesn't work we should set up a colony on mars and moon thats near saturn or jupiter that make completely of ice (cos of course we need water) we should stop burning fossil fuels as it has an adverse effect on the whole environment, we should also leave ants alone cos they clean up all the food rubbish that we inevitably leave behind. we should also try to increase the earths albedo rate (by covering the earth with ice, yes its doable) cos that means that the erath warm sup less. we woulkd need to control this carefully though because this could turn into a feedback effect and then the world may be thrown into an ice age which would not be too good. in general we just need to look after our earth because its our home and we dont really have anywhere else to go.LVALZ >hExamples of feedback in climate systems include the mount of CO2 ic-oceans , amount of trees, sheep and temperature. These are affected by other factors such as albedo, climate change and deep-on. All these factors affect each other like a chain.Yes, climate can be predicted. Climate can be predicted using old climate statistics. Also, if we can accurately calculate the Mount of outputting CO2 , albedo , c-oceans and other factors, we can predict the upcoming climate.Yes, weather can be predicted. One way is to use weather balloons. This is done by releasing balloons into the atmosphere with sensors in them. Another way is to use satellites to predict weather, or large ships with sensitive sensors.No, weather and li mate are different. Weather is a short term calculator of factors in the atmosphere, such as temperature, humidity, wind direction or high/low pressure. It also predicts whether it will be sunny, rainy or cloudy etc. on the other hand, li ate is a long term study of the same factors. Also, climate change has a larger impact than the change of weather , as the change of climate will affect or in the long term.The carbon cycle is the movement of carbon in the atmosphere. An example is, when a carbon atom is released from a factory , technology, humans or animals, it floats in the atmosphere. Sometime, it will meet a plant and will be absorbed. An oxygen atom will be exchanged, and it will be converted back in to CO2 .Greenhouse gases are gases floating in the atmosphere, such as CO2 , or water vapour. They are important as they help warm the earth. When the sun heats up on the earth, the heat is trapped by these greenhouse gases. Without these gases, the Earth would be at least 20C colder than it is today. Recommendation for the climate policy, using all the observations I have used would be: 1. To inforce a law that fossil fuels should be limited 2. To be careful with our environment as it is delicate%%$&L \  ; a t  Ic(VAg{/~rE@00000011climate_knowledge_6I don't know T_Tposttest01r^@ /~rE@00000011climate_knowledge_5@0posttest01`L@ /~rE@00000011climate_knowledge_4@0posttest01`L@ /~rE@00000011climate_knowledge_3@/posttest01`L@ /~rE@00000011climate_knowledge_2F@<posttest01`L@ /~rE@00000011climate_knowledge_1@<posttest01`L@ v v v v v v v v v RfrE@00000056problem_solving_confidence1posttest02p\N RfrE@00000056problem_solving_3@<posttest02\H< RfrE@00000056problem_solving_2@<posttest02\H< RfrE@00000056problem_solving_1R@<posttest02\H< N(rE@00000056climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R N(rE@00000056climate_knowledge_10@;posttest01bNB N(rE@00000056climate_knowledge_9I'm not sure.....posttest01s_@ N(rE@00000056climate_knowledge_8@/posttest01`L@ N(rE@00000056climate_knowledge_7@;posttest01`L@ N(rE@00000056climate_knowledge_6@)posttest01`L@ N(rE@00000056climate_knowledge_5r@;posttest01`L@ N(rE@00000056climate_knowledge_4@(posttest01`L@ N(rE@00000056climate_knowledge_3D@;posttest01`L@ N(rE@00000056climate_knowledge_2@;posttest01`L@ N(rE@00000056climate_knowledge_1@;posttest01`L@ ~qE@00000041climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R ~qE@00000041climate_knowledge_10D@;posttest01bNB ~qE@00000041climate_knowledge_9 @;posttest01`L@ ~qE@00000041climate_knowledge_8@(posttest01`L@ ~qE@00000041climate_knowledge_7@;posttest01`L@ ~qE@00000041climate_knowledge_6@9posttest01`L@ 8LVAL ^XThe current global climate system is rather stable because there are no dramatic changes of the Earth's climate or the temperature.Dynamic equilibrium can be seen with the differences and changes between the temperature of the earth and the amount of albedo. The changes seem parallel as the temperature responds to the changes in the atmospheres.The climate over an area can be predicted, for in certain areas, certain types of climate is experienced. For example, countries near the equator can expect more humid and warm weather Weather is the changes of the earth's climate over a short period of time, whereas climate is the weather experienced in. Certain area over a long period of time.The carbon cycle is the m cement of carbon around the Earth. Trees take carbon from the atmosphere and produce oxygen. When trees die and become fossils Nader the Earth's surface, the carbon inside the trees stay. When those fossil fuels are burnt , the carbon is released back into their. The carbon is important because carbon is a greenhouse affect.Greenhouse gases are gases that cause a greenhouse affect when released into the atmosphere. These gases trap heat that are reflected off the earth's surface and help keep the Earth warm. Examples include carbon and water vapour. Greenhouse gases are important because they affect the overall temperature of the earth and without these gases the earth would be unsuitable for any life to live on it.The current global climate system is not stable. This is because the world is constantly changing. The amount of out. Puted CO2 and absorption of CO2 is changing. The ' tragedy of commons' in climate systems include the amount of sheep and trees. This is because the many usually does not change.Examples of dynamic equilibrium are usually CO2 a c-oceans. Dynamic equilibrium is when a certain feedback has a wide range of results, but a general trend is still visible. The amount of CO2and c - oceans change the most as there are many factors affecting them LVAL 0 X66Greenhouse gases are gases such oxygen and carbon dioxide which retain in the atmosphere. They are important as they the earth's temperature . Without these gases humans control would be living in a completely different atmosphere. It would be a lot colderNo, I don't think so I believe this because of the massive distance between Brazil and Alaska, as well as the minuteness of the butterfly action.No, because of the inappropriate abuse of Earth's resources. Because of the ignorance that climate change is approached with, the Erath, an average is in reading in temperature by 1*c each yearThe carbon cycle is the way that the carbon in the Earth's atmosphere interacts and the works. It is important because it helps regulate the temperature on earth. Greenhouse gases keep the warmth of the earth trapped in the Earth's atmosphere when there is an excessive amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere the temperature rises and the earth will become less comfortable for humans or any another species to live in. The amount of albedo and water vapour in the atmosphere should be constantly monitored and the amount of fossil fuels burnt should be controlled and reduce to reduce the amount of greenhouse gases produced.The robots should cover areas in groups and in slow pace, therefore they can thoroughly check and by staying close they can communicate to other groups who may be closer to the spaceships so they can pass the message on over a long distance.It has been said that a butterfly flapping its wings in Brazil can jiggle the air and this can help cause a snowstorm in Alaska but I highly doubt that this is the case. First of all, if such a small disturbance in the air such as butterfly flapping its wings can create a snowstorm, then what would an airplane cause? Even though they are in different places (Brazil and Alaska) I don't think it could cause a snowstorm. From what I know, what is need to create snowstorm is a large amount of water vapour, freezing cold temperatures and strong winds%$ * X r 7 e *Pv /Ue*DrDE@00000003science-attitude-33posttest\L> DE@00000003science-attitude-23posttest\L> DE@00000003science-attitude-12posttest\L>  sE@00000009problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N  sE@00000009problem_solving_3d@?posttest02\H<  sE@00000009problem_solving_2@>posttest02\H<  sE@00000009problem_solving_1~@>posttest02\H<  ףpsE@00000009climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R  ףpsE@00000009climate_knowledge_10(@>posttest01bNB  ףpsE@00000009climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@  ףpsE@00000009climate_knowledge_8posttest01`L@  ףpsE@00000009climate_knowledge_7posttest01`L@  ףpsE@00000009climate_knowledge_6posttest01`L@  ףpsE@00000009climate_knowledge_5@0posttest01`L@  ףpsE@00000009climate_knowledge_4$@>posttest01`L@  ףpsE@00000009climate_knowledge_3P@>posttest01`L@  ףpsE@00000009climate_knowledge_2posttest01`L@  ףpsE@00000009climate_knowledge_1@<posttest01`L@ -sE@00000009science-attitude-93posttest\L> -sE@00000009science-attitude-82posttest\L> -sE@00000009science-attitude-73posttest\L> -sE@00000009science-attitude-63posttest\L> -sE@00000009science-attitude-52posttest\L> -sE@00000009science-attitude-43posttest\L> -sE@00000009science-attitude-33posttest\L> -sE@00000009science-attitude-23posttest\L> -sE@00000009science-attitude-12posttest\L> wlrE@00000011problem_solving_confidence1posttest02p\N wlrE@00000011problem_solving_3posttest02\H< wlrE@00000011problem_solving_2posttest02\H< wlrE@00000011problem_solving_1"@<posttest02\H< /~rE@00000011climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R /~rE@00000011climate_knowledge_10@<posttest01bNB /~rE@00000011climate_knowledge_9I don't know T_Tposttest01r^@ /~rE@00000011climate_knowledge_8I don't know T_Tposttest01r^@ /~rE@00000011climate_knowledge_7I don't know T_Tposttest01r^@ BLVAL d ZFirstly for this project to be financially efficient the cost of the development and maintenance of these robots must be smaller than the potential amount of gold found on this distant planet. For the robot to be efficient, make the scoop ergonomic for the robot, ensuring it can work on all terrain it could also be larger to scoop larger amounts of gold. The carrying bin should also be made larger so less tris to and from the spaceships are needed as the bin will not get full as quickly. Let the boot have the fastest software in order for it to more more quickly and detect gold more accurately and efficiently Also, lighter and more durable materials are needed for the robot to let t more swiftly and survive through the conditions of the distant planet. Assign the robots to separate pats of the planet and creat virtual boundaries so the robots search through the whole continent and to ensure the robots do not search through already searched land.This is not possible . The movement of a butterfly is too minute to cause a snowstorm in Alaska . Even so, development of a snowstorm is not dependent on the movement of animals or humans . The butterfly's movement is so small that it is absorbed by the air around it.the movement is irrelevant compared to the size of the Earth. Let alone the movement of a human. Normal human movement cannot cause natural disasters so as butterfly's certainly can not either. The creation of snowstorm is dependent on a lot of other variables , and a butterfly's movement is irrelevant.No it is not. Humans have been burning too much fossil fuels and releasing too much greenhouse gases causing disruption of the dynamic equilibrium .Yes, weather can be perfected through observations of the earth's atmosphere such as lean currents and by the observation of El nia and El NioWeather is a short term observation of an environments conditions such temperature and humidity. Climate is based on weather conditions over a prolonged period of time.DLVAL , V bTo an extent , yes, by tracking the movements of low/high pressure systems and warm/cold frontsThe levels of CO2 , they are negative feedback and come back to a dynamic equilibrium -> it stops increasing and becomes stable, but a higher temperature than before. It is dynamic becuase it fluctuates and is not constant.There are positive and negative feedback- positive makes a change (A -> B -> A) and negative steps it and brings it back to an equilibrium (A-> B-> A) an example would be the ice caps and albedo -> the less albedo, the more heat absorbed into the ocean, warms it up -> less ice -> less albedo -> more heat in ocean etc. Another example is the water moisture -> high temp-> more water moisture ->higher temp etc.Yes, we can use machines to predict it e.g detect cold and warm fronts, high/low pressure systems, moisture in the air, events like EN56 (El Nino and La Nina)Weather is the temporary state of a habitat inc. temperature, rainfall, humidity, wind etc. it includes extreme conditions (e.g storm) Climate is the state of habitat over a long period of time (also inc. temperature, rainfall etc.)The cycle of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere and the land. it is breathed in by plants and released as oxygen whereas animals do the opposite. There is carbon in the ocean also. CO2 is a greenhouse gas and human activity disrupts the carbon cycle (e.g fossil fuel burning) and increases CO2 which warms up the earth.Greenhouse gases are gases in the atmosphere (inc. carbon dioxide, methane, water vapour) that absorb infrared and re-radiate it back onto the earth. they also trap heat inside the earth's atmosphere, warming it up. like a greenhouse for plants.1. limit the amount of fossil fuels being used. 2. Implement a carbon tax, despite many people being against it. 3. Plant more trees to absorb carbon dioxide. Reduce deforestation 4. Protect the ozone layer by doing whatever is needed e.g ban CFC's 5. Promote Eco friendly living e.g Eco houses, cars.|LVAL D x,NGreenhouse gases are the gases in the atmosphere which trap heat , helping keep the earths temperature relatively stable.Equilibrium........sorry i have a general idea but it is not clear enough for me to understandNo because the effect of input is becoming less than the effect of outputequilibrium is where things are stableclimate can be predicted as it is an average of common weather conditions and if weather can be predicted so can climateThe land heats up faster than the sea, which causes a conviction current to emerge.Dynamic equilibrium is when, in a feedback cycle. the cycle aims to reduce the difference to 0 (?)Yes , by using past data and also taking into account the El Nino Southern Oscillation, it is possible to predict climateI think it is possible because every small choice triggers greta consequences, but it really depends. A Butterfly flapping its wings does not seem significant at first (micro scale) as an individual but if you zoom out and look at the bigger picture (macro scale) combined with other things (e.g wind, temperature, humidity etc) a bigger pattern could emerge and thus trigger this snowstorm. However it depends on a lot of other factors, what time of the year, temperature, wind speed/velocity , and a lot of other things were not specified in the question, hoe=w big is the butterfly (it could be the size of Brazil for all i know) are there other butterflies there and is this in the present day or future (the earth would look very different in 2 million years) So, Yes i think it is possible but whether or not actually occurs depends on a whole range of factors.No, because it is at a tipping point (where the positive feedback > negative feedback). The temperature keeps increasing and does not become stable and does not fall back into a dynamic equilibrium.Properties that are introduced into a climate system (that weren't there before) e.g fossil fuel burning increasing CO2 and disrupting the carbon cycle.LVALcarbon cycle is how the UV rays penetrate and reflect off the earth, some of which are trapped from the greenhouse gasesAgain, this depends on a lot of things. factors need to be taken into consideration, such as, how big is the planet? Do the robots have a limited walking distance due to fuel and if so does the combined range cover the whole surface of the planet? How much gold does that bin hold? how far can the sensors detect gold? Generally however, assuming that the fuel is infinite etc robots should be deployed at one point on the planet then dispersed in every different direction -> They should walk straight ahead and only leaving the straight line to get gold but only 1/2 distance of the distance between the robots (ie. if they are 6km apart (the robots) then each robot should only walk 3km to right and left). In the case that there is gold right in between (which would be not lively). the communication between them could work when they get nearer t each other and only one robot would continue whereas the other gold on the sides they would walk perpendicular to the straight line to ensure no part of the planet is missed. However, sending robots straight to the planet to dig for gold would not be a very effective way, for it to be more effective, humans should male calculations of the planet and the gold beforehand. This could include the size of the planet, this could help in determining the number of robots used as fuel distance and also they should see which parts of the planet are the most abundant in gold and station more robots there -> which could save money. However when you think about it, the likelihood of the situations is that the cost of building and sending thousands of robots on to t=another planet would outweigh the cost of the gold anyways, so it'd be a pointless expedition if looking for money and should be used for intergalactic exploration instead.ZLVAL02tyes up to a week in advance . But they can never be 100% accurate because it is very changeableNo it is not stable, because as recent reports say, the temperature of the earth is rising, though subtly . which even now is having an impact in our environmental systemyes also to an extent but as climate cover more broader range of statistics, it is somewhat easier to predict in relation to weatherweather and climate are different as weather is the measurement of condition such as temperature, humidity and air currents over a small period of time over a small area, but climate measures those conditions over a longer period of time as well as larger areas.the carbon cycle is how carbon produces on earth is being used and recycled by other factors. This is important because and influx of carbon in the earth has the ability to affect the world as a whole.1. Carbon use from humans (e.g fossil fuel burning) should be limited -> or banned in the best situations. banned because it disrupt the natural carbon cycle. If increases CO2 in the atmosphere and the temperature of the earth, warming up the poles and melting ice, which brings me to my next points. 2. albedo depends on the amount of ice on the earth (more ice -> less albedo -> less temperature ) when ice melts albedo decreases and earth becomes warmer. This in turn makes more water -> so more sunlight is absorbed into the oceans, which speeds up the warming effect even further _> positive feedback. 3. CO2 increases greenhouse gases which traps the heat in the atmosphere So basically limit CO2 if you want the climate system to become stable (equilibrium) and if you don't want the earth to reach 120 degree celsius in the future -> - limit burning of fossil fuels (increases CO2), and other line deforestation - refrain from using CFC's which pollute atmosphere (e.g some aerosols , Fridges) - Decrease methane (cows, eat less meat) - Limit water vapour - stop killing plants which convert CO2 to oxygenN%$.T z 3 Y i " Hn%;iHv RE@00000028science-attitude-83posttest\L> RE@00000028science-attitude-73posttest\L> RE@00000028science-attitude-63posttest\L> RE@00000028science-attitude-52posttest\L> RE@00000028science-attitude-42posttest\L> RE@00000028science-attitude-33posttest\L> RE@00000028science-attitude-23posttest\L> RE@00000028science-attitude-13posttest\L> E@00000026problem_solving_confidence1posttest02p\N E@00000026problem_solving_3@Fposttest02\H< E@00000026problem_solving_2X@Eposttest02\H< E@00000026problem_solving_1:@Eposttest02\H< >铑E@00000015climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R >铑E@00000015climate_knowledge_10@4posttest01bNB >铑E@00000015climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ >铑E@00000015climate_knowledge_8@Dposttest01`L@ >铑E@00000015climate_knowledge_7@3posttest01`L@ >铑E@00000015climate_knowledge_6J@Dposttest01`L@ >铑E@00000015climate_knowledge_5@Dposttest01`L@ >铑E@00000015climate_knowledge_4@@Dposttest01`L@ >铑E@00000015climate_knowledge_3N@Dposttest01`L@ >铑E@00000015climate_knowledge_2@Dposttest01`L@ >铑E@00000015climate_knowledge_1@Dposttest01`L@ eE@00000026climate_knowledge_confidence1posttest01t`R eE@00000026climate_knowledge_10T@Bposttest01bNB eE@00000026climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ eE@00000026climate_knowledge_8posttest01`L@ eE@00000026climate_knowledge_7@3posttest01`L@ eE@00000026climate_knowledge_6posttest01`L@ eE@00000026climate_knowledge_5 @Bposttest01`L@ eE@00000026climate_knowledge_4@3posttest01`L@ eE@00000026climate_knowledge_3 @Bposttest01`L@ eE@00000026climate_knowledge_2@Bposttest01`L@ eE@00000026climate_knowledge_1@1posttest01`L@ TkWE@00000026science-attitude-93posttest\L> TkWE@00000026science-attitude-83posttest\L> LVAL d @ 0.tclimate can be predicted according to the weatherit is how the factors can be abnormally increased or decreased, causing a prominent imbalanceemergent properties are the factors which affect climate systemsdynamic equilibrium is the state of stability in a climate systemyes, it is what the general weather is throughout the year which will repeat itselfEmergent is when on the micro scale, a pattern is not seen but on the macro scale it can be seen The air and water currents though individual molecules may not be following the circular pattern overall way are travelling like thatThe water feedback -> it is a positive feedback system in which warm air hold more water vapour which insulates more heat which in turn allows the air cold more water vapour The albedo effect -> the cold air produces ice which in turn allows heat absorpbtion which in turn produce colder airClimate can be predicted by observing the gradual or sudden changes and what it will result overall e.g hotter weather or wilder storms.Weather can be predicted but only for the few weeks ahead. we can observe the patterns and current system and predict what is likely to develop in certain areasWeather and climate are different. Climate is the long term condition of a place which is like the average of the weather systems. Weather changes from day today. The carbon cycle is the constant cycle that is transforming of carbon onto one form to another, so it is transforming carbon stored into the earth to carbon dioxide. it mainly uses respiration and the photosynthesis to change it forms. it is important as we live in a close environment and it is important to keep a balance between the release and absorption rateGreenhouse gases are gases that are in the earth's atmosphere that reflect and trap heat inside the earth. They are important as without them our world would be frozen and very cold as the insulate the heatLVAL nyes to an extent.heat waves can be predicted months before though not explicit datesControl pollution that goes up into the atmosphere so we can control the albedo rate (controlling fossil fuel burning)the carbon cycle, no carbon atoms can actually be destroyed or escape from the cycle therefore its a closed cyclein order to collect all of the gold on the planet, several other strategy could be implemented. the first being the robots should search the planet section by section in order for all of the gold to be collected. The next strategy would be to order the robots to stay within the communication range of each other . the third would be to make sure the robots should be able to deposit the collected gold somewhere where it can be taken back to earth. the fourth would be to have someway of repairing the robots if they need fixing. these are some of the methods i would employ , but i also raise the ethical question of whether it is right to dig up the entire planet for the sake of harvesting shiny metals which happens to be valuable to a species far away from the said planet and if humans will be responsible for the environment of this far away planet by cleaning up the mess we have now made by harvesting all of the gold. In short yes, though the question raised is to what degree is a butterfly going to influence the snowstorm in Alaska? I believe the butterfly can affect the snowstorm to a certain degree, unlikely to have any effect on the metaphorical snowstorm. One reason why the butterfly would not affect the snowstorm much would be the scale of the air the butterfly moves in relation to the air currents of the entire earth. The butterfly simply isn't big enough. If the butterfly actually did manage to start an chain reactions , the entire cause of the snowstorm would not be attributed to the butterfly. these two reasons are the main reasons why i have this opinion.LVAL H ,NR|$They are gases which are created to warm the atmosphere. It is important that the atmosphere is warm for the living species.Examples of 'tragedy of the commons' in climate system are..Emergent properties in climate systems are..examples of dynamic equilibrium in climate system are..Feedback in climate systems is when there is a cycleclimate may be predictable if seen in a cycle. Australia is predicted to be entering $ years of drought, in the El Nino cycle?the temperature of the earth and the amount of C02 in the atmosphere, The amount of C02 changes the temperaturenegative and positive feedback negative- positive- the temperature rises due to the water feedbackI do not believe that a butterfly flapping its wing in Brazil jiggling the air, can create a snow storm in Alaska. I think this is called the butterfly effect and it is a metaphoric meaning that small actions can have huge consequences, using the idea of emergence, on the macro scale, molecules don't like they're flowing in the same direction and pattern they seem random. but on the macro scale the pattern emerges. So one butterfly jiggling the air won't matter that much Also to create such drastic changes in weather there are other factors to be considered like the amount of water vapour, temperature of the water , the land mass, the albedo effect not just air currents.As a member of the United Nations committee , these are the recommendations I would give based on my investigations and observations. The first would be to investigate sustainable ways of harvesting energy to replace the means on how we are using finite resources for energy now. Another would be to find a way to stop the thinning of the layer of albedo in the atmosphere. a third proposal would be to make society more informed and aware of our current situation in terms of earths' climate. (ex. many have an exaggerated or downplayed view of what will happen in terms of the earths' future) `%$.\ v ; i . T z 3Yi.Dj#\yE@00000004climate_knowledge_7>@Jposttest01`L@ \yE@00000004climate_knowledge_6@Jposttest01`L@ \yE@00000004climate_knowledge_5J@Jposttest01`L@ \yE@00000004climate_knowledge_4v@Jposttest01`L@ \yE@00000004climate_knowledge_3v@Jposttest01`L@ \yE@00000004climate_knowledge_2@Jposttest01`L@ \yE@00000004climate_knowledge_1H@Jposttest01`L@ .E@00000028problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N .E@00000028problem_solving_3 @Jposttest02\H< .E@00000028problem_solving_2@Jposttest02\H< .E@00000028problem_solving_1^@Iposttest02\H< _,9E@00000028climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R _,9E@00000028climate_knowledge_10@Iposttest01bNB _,9E@00000028climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ _,9E@00000028climate_knowledge_8|@Iposttest01`L@ _,9E@00000028climate_knowledge_7@6posttest01`L@ _,9E@00000028climate_knowledge_6,@Iposttest01`L@ _,9E@00000028climate_knowledge_5posttest01`L@ _,9E@00000028climate_knowledge_4posttest01`L@ _,9E@00000028climate_knowledge_3&@Hposttest01`L@ _,9E@00000028climate_knowledge_2posttest01`L@ _,9E@00000028climate_knowledge_1@Hposttest01`L@ E@00000004science-attitude-93posttest\L> E@00000004science-attitude-83posttest\L> E@00000004science-attitude-73posttest\L> E@00000004science-attitude-63posttest\L> E@00000004science-attitude-52posttest\L> E@00000004science-attitude-43posttest\L> E@00000004science-attitude-33posttest\L> E@00000004science-attitude-23posttest\L> E@00000004science-attitude-13posttest\L> 4 E@00000015problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N 4 E@00000015problem_solving_3v@Hposttest02\H< 4 E@00000015problem_solving_2P@Hposttest02\H< 4 E@00000015problem_solving_1P@Fposttest02\H< RE@00000028science-attitude-93posttest\L> LVAL:~XDifferent. Weather is the short term condition. climate is the long term condition.climate is the change of the earths' temperature over a long period of time while weather are the change of temperature over a short period of timeGreenhouse gases are a gas that can be created from human activities , for example, the burning of fossil fuels. These gases make the atmosphere of the earth more diverse making the heat within the earth harder to get out.Place carbon tax - making fossil fuels more expensive to obtain than renewable sources Place a limit on the amount of carbon release in atmosphere promote newer, renewable ways of living e.g eating insects/arthropods. insects take up less land area and money to produce does not mind being squished together full of essential nutrients and healthy lipids Public transport Inform the public and educate them of consequences Invest in Climate change research all over the world maybe invest in nuclear research for energy?To efficiently find gold on the planet you must cover the whole area of the planet with little or no overlaps . Assuming the gold is of reachable distant of each robot and that the planet is pretty flat, then going along the longitudes of the planet, then through pale two and back along their opposite longitude back to the original position. The equator where they will be furthest apart the distance between their communicators and scanners is at their maximum. then send the robots one by one for 180 degree one behind the other so all robots, except the first and last one will have at least two robots, signals in their communication radius by the time the first one arrives the last one should have jest left. Thus if any robot broke down the message could be relayed back to the pole 1 and would send another to retrieve and replace . it is also so the avoid crashes near poles. this ways each robot travels the same distanceLVAL X pthe feedback of sun rays in the atmosphere and on earth and oceansNo, the technology cannot predict long term conditionsYes, weather forecast can show weather predicted using technologyNo , it is not possible for a flapping of a butterfly wings in Brazil to create a snowstorm in Alaska. Firstly snowstorm are not created by a butterfly ( they are caused by natural elements of the earth). in fact the flapping of butterfly's' wings are not even enough to create any sort of wind or snow not even human can cause snowstorm so therefore it is impossible for a butterfly to cause snowstorm.secondly, the butterfly is too far away from Alaska to cause any disaster.say that the butterfly in Brazil could create snowstorm, it could probably only affect the areas around Brazil. It would be highly impossible for a snowstorm in Brazil to reach the other side of the earth in Alaska.Thus the butterfly its wings in Brazil can not create a snowstorm all the way in Alaska. From the points , it is quite evident that a snowstorm in Alaska is not caused by the flapping of butterfly wings as they are too far away and not strong enough. the current global climate systems are not very stable as people are not fully aware of the dangers of climate change and therefore are not changing their ways so that the climate system is stableemergence is when one aspect of the cycle doesn't seem to be going in a pattern ,but when with all aspects of the cycle as a whole is moving in one direction. one example is the dust particle in the sky, one particle seems to be going in random direction but the dust particle as a whole is going in a circular motionFeedback is when one variable changes another variable. but when the second variable is changed it affects the the first variable , An example is if many trees are c ut it affects the humans and animals . The change in the number of people and animals can affect the trees also LVAL b X  Vj Ldynamic equilibrium means that one thing in a system as over powering another, It is called 'dynamic' because both of the processes involve are aren't constantPositive feedback means that something creates something else, which further increases the amount of the first object. Foe example, the movement of hot air can create a fire but then the fire then further as to the increase of hot airClimate can also be predicted. By analysing graphs about the past weather and revert it back to ways of factor that affect weather, climate can somewhat be predictedWeather can be predicted but not completely accurately. This is done with instrument at weather station which analyse patterns and gather information when may foreshadow tomorrows weatherWeather and climate are different. Weather describes the earth's state for example, sunny or rainy, while climate describes the earth's atmosphere in temperature, for example 31 degree C.The carbon cycle is the emitting of carbon into the atmosphere. None of this carbon can escape the atmosphere, thus creating a cycle. This is why the earth is beginning to warm as carbon is being trapped and cannot escapeGreenhouse gases are the gases emitted from the burning of fossil fuels, deforestation and various other industrial activities. These gases moderate the earths temperature however recently, a global increase in greenhouse gases is causing the earth's temperature to increase and become warmerNever cut trees without the governments' authority. reduce the burning of fossil fuels and enforce natural energy like solar and windThe robots should have a sensor to sense if the gold that they are attaining has any harmful substances that could harm the human race and the earth. If there are , they should either reject it nor clean the substance away. Another rule that robots should follow is not to take any living other than the gold as it could be dangerous. %$&6 d ~  C q  6 d)WBh!G !E@00000017climate_knowledge_10@Nposttest01bNB  !E@00000017climate_knowledge_9@7posttest01`L@  !E@00000017climate_knowledge_8@Nposttest01`L@  !E@00000017climate_knowledge_7@6posttest01`L@  !E@00000017climate_knowledge_6@Nposttest01`L@  !E@00000017climate_knowledge_5@Mposttest01`L@  !E@00000017climate_knowledge_4D@Mposttest01`L@  !E@00000017climate_knowledge_3@Mposttest01`L@  !E@00000017climate_knowledge_2@Mposttest01`L@  !E@00000017climate_knowledge_1b@Mposttest01`L@ E@00000017science-attitude-94posttest\L> E@00000017science-attitude-84posttest\L> E@00000017science-attitude-74posttest\L> E@00000017science-attitude-64posttest\L> E@00000017science-attitude-54posttest\L> E@00000017science-attitude-44posttest\L> E@00000017science-attitude-34posttest\L> E@00000017science-attitude-23posttest\L> E@00000017science-attitude-14posttest\L> o^ E@00000012science-attitude-93posttest\L> o^ E@00000012science-attitude-83posttest\L> o^ E@00000012science-attitude-73posttest\L> o^ E@00000012science-attitude-63posttest\L> o^ E@00000012science-attitude-52posttest\L> o^ E@00000012science-attitude-42posttest\L> o^ E@00000012science-attitude-33posttest\L> o^ E@00000012science-attitude-23posttest\L> o^ E@00000012science-attitude-13posttest\L> rE@00000004problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N rE@00000004problem_solving_3@Mposttest02\H< rE@00000004problem_solving_2@Lposttest02\H< rE@00000004problem_solving_1Z@Lposttest02\H< \yE@00000004climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R \yE@00000004climate_knowledge_10h@Lposttest01bNB \yE@00000004climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ \yE@00000004climate_knowledge_8posttest01`L@ PLVAL >:fUse of release rate to create equal proportions of amounts of carbon in the atmosphere and in the oceans..rules and strategies robots can follow include setting a restricted area for them all to retrieve all the gold and then move to another area, rather than roaming around as some of the robots maybe trying to find gold in an area where it has already been found. Having the robots in a restricted group also provides a higher chance for them to find all the gold. another advantage of having the robot close to each other is the fact they will be able to communicate and be able to alert one anther of problem. Also at the same time , split up the group to different sections of the planet. Because of different air pressures and surroundings on another planet, the robots shall be careful when transporting the gold into the bin and transferring the bins to the planes.It is impossible for a butterfly in Brazil to jiggle the air and in turn, create a snowstorm in Alaska. Firstly a creature as miniscule as a butterfly is not powerful enough to create something as monstrous as a snowstorm. Butterflies do not produce enough air pressure simply by flapping their wings to create something as vicious as a snowstorm in fact they barely create any air pressure at all. Furthermore, the distance between Brazil and Alaska is too far and way to unrealistic . Snowstorms currently in alaska simply do not occur because of animals rather because of atmospheric processes created by nature. however, theoretically speaking, it is possible for an enormous amount of butterflies to create a pressure large enough to trigger a snowstorm, but just one butterfly will not be powerful enough The current global Climate system is not stable. This is because the globe is continually rising to an unstable temperature. This is due to a wide range of human actions . if some of our current actions aren't stopped it will be a matter of years before the earth will; become so warm that it is inhabitable.@LVAL, :t0Zyes to a certain extent . if trends and patterns are obvious then the general outcome can be predicted with reliable scientific reasoning and evidence. Even though prediction are not extremely precise, the general direction is accurateyes, it can be predicted, but not to exact and precise terms. It is possible to gather info from previous climate cycles, satellite imaging, weather mapping, etc.weather is the forecast for a short amount of time (a week) for example, rain, wind, cloud cover, humidity , etc. Climate is the state or behavior of such things over long period of time and is more permanent and less dynamicthe carbon cycle is where trees and vegetation convert carbon dioxide into oxygen, and when the leaves fall (or when it is destroyed) more carbon is released through the dead leaves that fall. It is important because burning fossil fuels release a huge amount of carbon dioxide as they are made from millenia old dead vegetationGreen house gases such as Co2 retain heat from the sun and keep it in the atmosphere. they are important because without them earth would not be able to retain as much heat. i.e. earth would have to be cooler. they are also important because if we have to much it can heat the earth causing global warmingpolicies need to be implemented restricting or minimising the use of fossil fuels and non-renewable resources . Other activities including machines in factories that can cause pollution should be restricted. This is because the temperature of the atmosphere is increasing at a dangerous rate. these warmer climate system are melting ice and therefore affecting the albedo system of the earth. hotter climate also means a higher frequency of fires , rising sea level means more land will be underwater by the matter of few years. therefore, there should be a limiting amount of carbon each country is allowed to produce. renewable energy sources such as solar , geothermal power should be promoted to ensure the future survival of the populationLVALt 2 >2Positive Feedback = the cycle is seemingly infinite as the different components of each grow/respond to each other Negative Feedback = the cycle has a tipping point as it moves towards an equilibrium. There is a difference in the components of the cycle so it aims to become equal (?)They are different, Climate = average conditions foe an area over an extended period of time Weather = short term conditions of an areaThe carbon cycle is the different forms of carbon in our world which affect the climate, such as carbon in the atmosphere (gas), carbon stored in tress (photosynthesis) or carbon fossilised floral fauna (coal). This cycle is complex and each element is dependent on each other. This affects the amount of carbon in the atmosphere and therefore the temperature/climate, so it is important. Greenhouse gases are the gas form of chemicals like carbon which float in the atmosphere. They are important because they can greatly affect the temperature of the earth as they trap infrared rays inside the atmosphere and therefore heat up the earthNo because our current use of resources is not sustainable , having effects on our climate . The excessive use of fossil fuels causes sun rays to be trapped causing the earth an sea to warm up. destroying some of the albedo as melting ice, increasing water vapor effect, etc. it is a cause and effect sequence, this inevitable changes earths climateI think it is where there are sudden increases in the temperature amount of C02 in the atmosphere and ocean , etc... They occur probably as a result of extreme positive feedback or a tipping pointPositive feedback- Negative feedback for example an inevitable increase in temperature that will cause and affect other aspect causing it to rise further. An example was the water model with carbon dioxide in the atmosphere , high albedo and increased water effect , the temperature rose dramatically causing a tipping point %$8 ^  6 d ~Cq6\;aqE@00000005climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R E@00000005climate_knowledge_10@@posttest01bNB E@00000005climate_knowledge_9 @Pposttest01`L@ E@00000005climate_knowledge_8@Pposttest01`L@ E@00000005climate_knowledge_7L@@posttest01`L@ E@00000005climate_knowledge_6$@Qposttest01`L@ E@00000005climate_knowledge_5@@posttest01`L@ E@00000005climate_knowledge_4$@Qposttest01`L@ E@00000005climate_knowledge_3@Qposttest01`L@ E@00000005climate_knowledge_2@Qposttest01`L@ E@00000005climate_knowledge_1@Qposttest01`L@ 5mJE@00000005science-attitude-93posttest\L> 5mJE@00000005science-attitude-83posttest\L> 5mJE@00000005science-attitude-73posttest\L> 5mJE@00000005science-attitude-62posttest\L> 5mJE@00000005science-attitude-53posttest\L> 5mJE@00000005science-attitude-41posttest\L> 5mJE@00000005science-attitude-32posttest\L> 5mJE@00000005science-attitude-22posttest\L> 5mJE@00000005science-attitude-13posttest\L> |@E@00000017problem_solving_confidence3posttest02p\N |@E@00000017problem_solving_3@Qposttest02\H< |@E@00000017problem_solving_2@Pposttest02\H< |@E@00000017problem_solving_1"@Pposttest02\H< d0E@00000012climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R d0E@00000012climate_knowledge_10@Pposttest01bNB d0E@00000012climate_knowledge_9(I honestly have no idea)posttest01{g@ d0E@00000012climate_knowledge_8@@posttest01`L@ d0E@00000012climate_knowledge_7@@posttest01`L@ d0E@00000012climate_knowledge_6>@Nposttest01`L@ d0E@00000012climate_knowledge_5@@posttest01`L@ d0E@00000012climate_knowledge_4@?posttest01`L@ d0E@00000012climate_knowledge_3@Nposttest01`L@ d0E@00000012climate_knowledge_2 @Nposttest01`L@ d0E@00000012climate_knowledge_1@Nposttest01`L@  !E@00000017climate_knowledge_confidence3posttest01t`R RLVAL^< .nNO, climate change can't be predicted because human actions can change the course of the climateNo, fossil fuels and man made systems affect ittragedy of commons is where no nations wish to take responsibility of pollution and negative changes in climate in the oceans and seasTomatoes are an example because i have no clue. they look words.. Emergent properties are patterns that become visible in climate system- they could travel in small groups so communication is better or be evenly spaced out in large numbers just so communication is possible.when they detect a deposit whether large or small, it should be mapped and recorded before taking any action. when extracting the gold from the reserve, they can communicate and several robots should work on the reserve. also it should be thorough so they don't have to return to the deposit. -There should be a system where once a group of robots has their bins full they return and another group fills their place in a system. They should be close enough to still communicate even simple messages - there could also be a system where the gold found is passed along a chain of robots to the ship -depending on the size of the reserve, a lot of robots working on one would be faster and more thoroughI do not think that this is entirely impossible, in fact, i think it is more possible that not. The butterfly does not create the snowstorm , it helps , air is constantly moving currents and patterns and possibly disturbing these can cause changes. Maybe the butterfly's' flap combined with other small elements , wind currents can carry the air mass to Alaska and potentially cause snowstorm. All in all , when butterfly flies , it displaces air and from there many things are possible, therefore, this theory could be trueNo, because with our carbon emissions we are creating a positive feedback system which moves away from an equilibrium, eventually resulting in extremely high temperature and a generally inhabitable environmentLVAL8Negative feedback is where the input of things affecting the climate is similar to the output of results , thus having a stable linear progressionWeather can be predicted as we monitor the weather condition of areas around us and look for any similarities with the weather we receive over a span of few days. for example, Sydney usually experiences similar weather conditions the one the Perth experience three years agoweather is different to climate as climate is what we expect from previous common weather conditions, whilst weather is what actually happensthe carbon cycle is a closed system and refers to where and in what form carbon is stored in. It is important as too much carbon being released in the atmosphere would cause the earth to heat upgreenhouse gases are produce via the burning of fossil fuels and other fuels. They are important as they keep the earth warm enough to sustain life. without them , the earth would be about 20 degrees colder.A lot of aspects of our climate are changed or amplified when carbon dioxide is released into the atmosphere, Thus this is where humans can start as it is the main cause of the climate change. Firstly, more people should be educated about all the different aspects of what would change earths climate. The public should be aware why we are putting restrictions and the benefit that it would make Burning fossil fuels can inevitably increase the temperature , setting all other aspects that can increase the effect. for example, raised temperature means ice is melted (less albedo)species that depend on climate patterns die (trees can die) the water level water could increase, etc. We can place restrictions on mining coal and burning it. introduce and build facilities for sustainable energy , eliminating the use of fossil fuels. There should be heavier restrictions on countries that burn more. there could be car restrictions, introduction of hybrid electrical cars or public transportLVALJV4some examples are CO2, water feedback and the fossil fuelsGreenhouse gases are gases produced into the atmosphere because solar radiation heats up the earth reflecting infra red lights. some lights remain within the earths atmosphere up most reflect out into space. without these gases the temperature of the earth will not prosperIn order to fix climate change, we must develop a new disease that will spread quickly and take its victims painlessly. This is needed to improve the climate as humans are slowly destroying this planet. However, this destruction is making and greater progress, therefore we must obliterate the cause of the problem which are humans. by ridding the world of human life, we are dramatically reducing the chance of murdering numerous other innocent species. Humans are losing respect to the environment and are therefore destroying it for their own benefit. To go back to the cave men times would be beneficial , however, we have become far too intelligent and conceited and therefore should be eliminated by plagueIn order to find all the gold in the planet, the robots could go out in groups of two (couples) and ones the robot finds some gold, the other one would return to the group and then they will all follow and help collect the gold. these groups would consist of about 50-80 robots and abase camp would need to be set-up in order to return the gold to. Similar to an army, there would be several battalions situated in different areas of the planet and they would have two weeks to scour their respective areas and if the land lacked gold they would move on. This procedure would be programmed into their software and once no more gold could be detected , they would return home with their lootThe input could potentially cause a greater effect on the output, thus resulting in a butterfly causing snowstorm. In Brazil, a butterfly could flap its wings and jiggle the air and thus help cause a snowstorm in Alaska%%.H v ; i * P v /SiHv ;iHE@00000014science-attitude-94posttest\L> HE@00000014science-attitude-83posttest\L> HE@00000014science-attitude-73posttest\L> HE@00000014science-attitude-62posttest\L> HE@00000014science-attitude-52posttest\L> HE@00000014science-attitude-43posttest\L> HE@00000014science-attitude-33posttest\L> HE@00000014science-attitude-23posttest\L> HE@00000014science-attitude-13posttest\L> E@00000001problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N E@00000001problem_solving_3,@Uposttest02\H< E@00000001problem_solving_2@Tposttest02\H< E@00000001problem_solving_1<@Tposttest02\H< 2TE@00000001climate_knowledge_confidence3posttest01t`R 2TE@00000001climate_knowledge_10 @Tposttest01bNB 2TE@00000001climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ 2TE@00000001climate_knowledge_8posttest01`L@ 2TE@00000001climate_knowledge_7posttest01`L@ 2TE@00000001climate_knowledge_6@ @posttest01`L@ 2TE@00000001climate_knowledge_5@Tposttest01`L@ 2TE@00000001climate_knowledge_4(@Tposttest01`L@ 2TE@00000001climate_knowledge_3@Tposttest01`L@ 2TE@00000001climate_knowledge_2@Tposttest01`L@ 2TE@00000001climate_knowledge_1"@Rposttest01`L@ xasE@00000001science-attitude-94posttest\L> xasE@00000001science-attitude-84posttest\L> xasE@00000001science-attitude-74posttest\L> xasE@00000001science-attitude-64posttest\L> xasE@00000001science-attitude-53posttest\L> xasE@00000001science-attitude-43posttest\L> xasE@00000001science-attitude-33posttest\L> xasE@00000001science-attitude-23posttest\L> xasE@00000001science-attitude-13posttest\L> ²E@00000005problem_solving_confidence3posttest02p\N ²E@00000005problem_solving_3@Rposttest02\H< ²E@00000005problem_solving_2d@Rposttest02\H< ²E@00000005problem_solving_1@Rposttest02\H< LVAL *-robots hould be allocated certain areas to look for gold so that the other robots don't waste time looking for gold in the same area. -it would be kind of like looking , digging for coal and other fossil fuels, so follow and adopt the efficiency of the coal mines Sorry i don't really know what this has got to do with climate change.A butterfly flapping its wings in Brazil can not jiggle the air and thus help cause snowstorm in Alaska. this is because of the air movement that a butterfly creates is far too small and minor . maybe if thousands of butterflies were to flap their wings and create a small force of air.The current global climate system is not stable since the fossil fuels we burn and the carbon that is emitted is overwhelming for the earths atmosphere. this means that more infra red radiation is being captured within the atmosphere heating up the earth rapidlyclimate can be predicted as well. we can justify this through climate models that keep track of the balance of carbon gases emitted or how much fossil fuel is used up per year or the forestation and agricultural life. by keeping track of the several elements you can predict and see a clear visual pattern of the climate (infra-red radiation)weather is able to predicted for a period of 2 weeks or so because we have acquire the technology that is able to keep track of the the movement of the wind and air pressure. But because wind direction change frequently and non-linearly there is a limit on how accurate it is.weather and climate is different. weather is the amount of wind blown or weather there is precipitation , etc. while climate is the overall recording of the atmospheric patterns of temperature rising and falling therefore changing the earths forestation or vegetationThe carbon cycle is the cycle which is made up of carbon dioxide trapped inside the fossils at trees for hundreds and thousands of year. people dig up this fossil to produce energy. This is then releases extra carbon gases which were trapped in the fossilsLVAL  No, the climate system is not stable, and research shows that temperature within the earth is steadily risingSome examples of emergent properties are temperaturethe robots should be distributed evenly across the planet so they can find gold throughout the planet, not just in one area. there should also be a program to replace the planet's earth after it has been dug up to minimize damage. the robots should also be attached in some ways such as a string to the spaceship so they can return safely with the gold, along with the a sensor for the gold, there should also be something to attract the robots to the gold, like a magnet A butterfly flapping its wings in Brazil can jiggle the air and cause a snowstorm in Alaska. this is possible because small factors can altered can cause s huge impact. for example, the burning of fossil fuels for a short period of time increases the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, thickening the layer of greenhouse gases. This warms the earth and the seas which make more rainfall, melting the polar ice caps, creating floods, and destroying the earth. We see from this that even small events are irreversible and cause an impactNo because the relentless burning of fossil fuels continue to affect the climate systems which will continue to create anomalies in the global climatefeedback is how one or more variable affect the climate systems. for example, burning more fossil fuel will increase the greenhouse gases , warming up the earth and oceans causing more rainfall and so fortweather is how conditions are for upto a week in advance , climate is the overall general weather , conditions from a prolonged period of time- reduce fossil fuel burning, find another source of energy -reduce carbon emissions -place a monitor per family or individual and minimize the amount of carbon footprint per person ( by exception by government with cause) -plant more trees, focus on regrowth of vegetation G%$&L r  + ; i  Hb'U@fw lE@00000002climate_knowledge_8posttest01`L@ lE@00000002climate_knowledge_7@Eposttest01`L@ lE@00000002climate_knowledge_6Whats feedback? lolposttest01ua@ lE@00000002climate_knowledge_5b@ Dposttest01`L@ lE@00000002climate_knowledge_4@Xposttest01`L@ lE@00000002climate_knowledge_3F@Xposttest01`L@ lE@00000002climate_knowledge_2@Xposttest01`L@ lE@00000002climate_knowledge_1@Wposttest01`L@ RE@00000002science-attitude-93posttest\L> RE@00000002science-attitude-83posttest\L> RE@00000002science-attitude-73posttest\L> RE@00000002science-attitude-63posttest\L> RE@00000002science-attitude-53posttest\L> RE@00000002science-attitude-43posttest\L> RE@00000002science-attitude-32posttest\L> RE@00000002science-attitude-23posttest\L> RE@00000002science-attitude-13posttest\L> ͫIE@00000012problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N ͫIE@00000012problem_solving_3@Wposttest02\H< ͫIE@00000012problem_solving_2@Wposttest02\H< ͫIE@00000012problem_solving_1@Wposttest02\H< ;A\E@00000014problem_solving_confidence1posttest02p\N ;A\E@00000014problem_solving_3@Wposttest02\H< ;A\E@00000014problem_solving_2@Uposttest02\H< ;A\E@00000014problem_solving_1,@Uposttest02\H<  E@00000014climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R  E@00000014climate_knowledge_10,@Uposttest01bNB  E@00000014climate_knowledge_9@ Dposttest01`L@  E@00000014climate_knowledge_8@ Dposttest01`L@  E@00000014climate_knowledge_7@Dposttest01`L@  E@00000014climate_knowledge_6@Uposttest01`L@  E@00000014climate_knowledge_5@Dposttest01`L@  E@00000014climate_knowledge_4@Bposttest01`L@  E@00000014climate_knowledge_3@Uposttest01`L@  E@00000014climate_knowledge_2@Aposttest01`L@  E@00000014climate_knowledge_1@ @posttest01`L@ LVALf rthe carbon cycle is the movement of carbon through a cycle. it emits oxygen and takes in C02greenhouse gases are gases such as carbon dioxide and methane that are in the earth's atmosphere. They are important for they help form our ozone layer keeping or letting out heat from the sun- Use environmentally sustainable means of retrieving energy/electricity (e.g hydro electricity, wind farms, solar electricity) so as to cut down on carbon emission. _Use natural gas (?) instead of methane or wood to burn in fires (in domestic fireplace) - use electric cars/bicycles for transport - put restrictions and heavier taxes on fuel, coal etcPLAN: - rebury soil - keep close to maintain comms In order to maintain the integrity of the planet and its topsoil, the robots should be cautious when digging so as to prevent the unnecessary disturbance of the topsoil They should also not exceed a certain distance of each other to maintain the communication channels. They can also create a network of underground tunnels so they can navigate through the planet more quickly , access more gold and also avoid disturbing the surface.No, because the wings of a butterfly are too small in scale to cause such major snowstorm. The butterfly's wings will cause movement in the air particles , but this movement will be microscopic and will eventually die out. It will not be strong enough to even move a piece of confetti. Furthermore, if this theory were true, wouldn't there be a snowstorm every time a butterfly flapped its wings? Yet, we see hardly any snowstorm therefore the answer to this question is NO. If conditions continue in this way, there is surely no future for our planet. we must put in measures for renewable sources of energy such as wind, solar and hydro because the level of carbon dioxide we are increasing in the air will take along time to recover if ever. this is why we need to resolve things now before it is too lateLVALL  Weather can be predicted with scientific devices but is is not always certainly accurate in measuring temperaturesFor the detection of gold on this planet to be the most effective, we should set up large bases with stronger communications (life wifi or home zone) so the robots can communicate better. Bases should should be set up so ranges are all covered. bases should also have sensors to detect gold so that robots are giving double detecting. Plus each robot should be assigned an area to concentrate on so gold can be found more efficientlya butterfly flapping its wings may cause winds but this wind is not strong enough to cause disaster plus snowstorm are caused by cool winds blowing due to the changing pressure in pressure systems. These stronger winds pick up strength as the move through different areas . Therefore a butterfly flapping its wings CANNOT start snowstorms due to the fact that snowstorms require naturally occurring strong winds.No. Global warming is causing a lot of problems in the world. The ice caps melting causes sea levels to rise displacing people who live on low land coastal areas. Food chains are deteriorating since animals hatching/birth time aren't aligned as they used to be, meaning the starvation and unefficient reproduction of other animals or the over population of some species.Weather can be predicted up to 1 week but it can still change. Forecasters can see how clouds are moving from satellite so they can predict its destination and what it will bring. (also pressure systems which are measured help predict were clouds are going)They are different. Weather comes in the form of rain, wind etc and can cause the wearing away of rocks and topsoil. Climate is temperature etc and can be measuredCarbon cycle is the recycling of carbon atoms which can be found in animals and plants - basically all living things are based on the carbon atom. The changing state (solid, liquid, gas) of the carbon creates the cyclea%$- [ u : h - [ N|5[8G;E@00000018climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R G;E@00000018climate_knowledge_10J@Zposttest01bNB G;E@00000018climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ G;E@00000018climate_knowledge_8posttest01`L@ G;E@00000018climate_knowledge_7@Fposttest01`L@ G;E@00000018climate_knowledge_6@Fposttest01`L@ G;E@00000018climate_knowledge_5@Eposttest01`L@ G;E@00000018climate_knowledge_4@Zposttest01`L@ G;E@00000018climate_knowledge_3D@Zposttest01`L@ G;E@00000018climate_knowledge_2N@Zposttest01`L@ G;E@00000018climate_knowledge_1`@Zposttest01`L@ " E@00000018science-attitude-94posttest\L> " E@00000018science-attitude-84posttest\L> " E@00000018science-attitude-74posttest\L> " E@00000018science-attitude-64posttest\L> " E@00000018science-attitude-54posttest\L> " E@00000018science-attitude-44posttest\L> " E@00000018science-attitude-33posttest\L> " E@00000018science-attitude-23posttest\L> " E@00000018science-attitude-13posttest\L> [E@00000020science-attitude-94posttest\L> [E@00000020science-attitude-84posttest\L> [E@00000020science-attitude-74posttest\L> [E@00000020science-attitude-63posttest\L> [E@00000020science-attitude-53posttest\L> [E@00000020science-attitude-42posttest\L> [E@00000020science-attitude-31posttest\L> [E@00000020science-attitude-23posttest\L> [E@00000020science-attitude-12posttest\L> >ҵE@00000002problem_solving_confidence1posttest02p\N >ҵE@00000002problem_solving_3@Eposttest02\H< >ҵE@00000002problem_solving_2d@Xposttest02\H< >ҵE@00000002problem_solving_18@Xposttest02\H< lE@00000002climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R lE@00000002climate_knowledge_10@Xposttest01bNB lE@00000002climate_knowledge_9 I dont knowposttest01mY@ LVAL R  ^greenhouse gases are gases in the atmosphere which are emitted from earth, such as CFC's. These gases are released from cars and burning of coal for electricity and is causing global warming. They are important because global warming, we need to be aware of the change we are doingthe albedo effect shows how temperature decreases as less heat is absorbed into the ocean. how fossil fuels dramatically increase the C02 in the atmosphere therefore increasing the temperature of earth. the more cloud cover the less heat hits the ground -making sure the robots do not search an area that has already been search. Use of beans.. -good communication -try not to break anything -do not pollute the planet, don;t leave anything behind yes, it is possible. a butterfly can trigger a small wind that can develop into a large one. The wind pattern can move towards Alaska gathering wind speed. This is very unlikely.No. fossil fuels are polluting the earth. making the temperature rise steadily. even a small change in temperature will affect humans and animals and the environmentyes, but not very accurately. Scientist can predict the direction of wind and therefore where clouds are likely to from. They can predict the temperature quite accurately however, some of their predictions are incorrect as the wind patters are unpredictabledifferent. weather is the short term measurement of temperature, winds, cloud cover, rain, etc. climate is the long term general weather of an area average out. when animals breath out carbon dioxide and trees use the carbon dioxide to form oxygen. important to maintain the carbon dioxide levels and keep them relatively stablegreenhouse gases are gases that retain the heat, and trapping some of the heat from escaping into space. they are like a blanket and are formed from gases such as C02 methane and water vapor. they are important because without them the earth would be colder to the point of in-habitability in most areas g%$.H v ; i * P v /Si3a&6ЩE@00000030science-attitude-83posttest\L> 6ЩE@00000030science-attitude-73posttest\L> 6ЩE@00000030science-attitude-63posttest\L> 6ЩE@00000030science-attitude-52posttest\L> 6ЩE@00000030science-attitude-42posttest\L> 6ЩE@00000030science-attitude-32posttest\L> 6ЩE@00000030science-attitude-22posttest\L> 6ЩE@00000030science-attitude-12posttest\L> GE@00000020problem_solving_confidence1posttest02p\N GE@00000020problem_solving_3I don't know sorry posttest02q]< GE@00000020problem_solving_2t@\posttest02\H< GE@00000020problem_solving_1@\posttest02\H< M1jE@00000020climate_knowledge_confidence1posttest01t`R M1jE@00000020climate_knowledge_10@\posttest01bNB M1jE@00000020climate_knowledge_9x@Fposttest01`L@ M1jE@00000020climate_knowledge_8X@Fposttest01`L@ M1jE@00000020climate_knowledge_7n@Fposttest01`L@ M1jE@00000020climate_knowledge_6h@Fposttest01`L@ M1jE@00000020climate_knowledge_5@Fposttest01`L@ M1jE@00000020climate_knowledge_4&@\posttest01`L@ M1jE@00000020climate_knowledge_3:@\posttest01`L@ M1jE@00000020climate_knowledge_2@\posttest01`L@ M1jE@00000020climate_knowledge_12@Zposttest01`L@ ^M<+E@00000022science-attitude-94posttest\L> ^M<+E@00000022science-attitude-84posttest\L> ^M<+E@00000022science-attitude-74posttest\L> ^M<+E@00000022science-attitude-64posttest\L> ^M<+E@00000022science-attitude-54posttest\L> ^M<+E@00000022science-attitude-44posttest\L> ^M<+E@00000022science-attitude-34posttest\L> ^M<+E@00000022science-attitude-24posttest\L> ^M<+E@00000022science-attitude-14posttest\L> ߦE@00000018problem_solving_confidence1posttest02p\N ߦE@00000018problem_solving_3@Zposttest02\H< ߦE@00000018problem_solving_2@Zposttest02\H< ߦE@00000018problem_solving_1d@Zposttest02\H< LVAL climate can not be predicted because it can happen at any time/place and it's changes could happen drasticallyGreenhouse gases are gases in the atmosphere that traps the reflected heat off the earth in the atmosphere to keep the earth sustainable for life. it is important as without these essential gases/water vapor life would not be sustainable on earth. when they is too much in the atmosphere this poses a problem for us as humans as the earth becomes warmer and warmerDepends how big the planet is program each robot to map a certain part of the planet and then complete each part. after the robots have all mapped out their parts, each section can be cleared at gold with the help of the other robot. now earth will be rich! robots don't get tired, but their batteries may run out?I am not sure whether it is possible or not, apparently this phrase 'a butterfly flaps its wings in Brazil, it will cause a snowstorm in Alaska' is a metaphor for saying a small event can cause a much bigger eventThe current global climate system is not stable because the greenhouse effect is warming up the earth quickly, lakes are drying up, snow is disappearing off mountains, spring is coming up early , the ice is melting and island are sinkingWeather can be predicted around 4-5 days ahead. but these readings may not always be accurate. People use specific equipment to measure the weatherweather is the measure of things over a short period of time e.g rain, sun, snow Climate is the measure over a long period of time e.g drought, tornadoes The carbon cycle is the cycle of carbon throughout the atmosphere. The carbon is emitted from us humans and animals, and the trees take in the carbon, Therefore there is an equal balance. But it is important because we have been cutting down trees and increasing our carbon level with gas from cars and coal factories, this is leading to an inequal balance and the greenhouse effect...%$*P v / S e  DNrnMg,Z %tE@00000008science-attitude-53posttest\L>  %tE@00000008science-attitude-42posttest\L>  %tE@00000008science-attitude-34posttest\L>  %tE@00000008science-attitude-23posttest\L>  %tE@00000008science-attitude-13posttest\L> N[E@00000030problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N N[E@00000030problem_solving_3@`posttest02\H< N[E@00000030problem_solving_2@`posttest02\H< N[E@00000030problem_solving_1@_posttest02\H< E@00000022problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N E@00000022problem_solving_3@_posttest02\H< E@00000022problem_solving_2@_posttest02\H< E@00000022problem_solving_1maybe, highly , unlikelyposttest02vb< lE@00000030climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R lE@00000030climate_knowledge_10^@Pposttest01bNB lE@00000030climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ lE@00000030climate_knowledge_8The carbon in carbon cycleposttest01|h@ lE@00000030climate_knowledge_7@Lposttest01`L@ lE@00000030climate_knowledge_6@Iposttest01`L@ lE@00000030climate_knowledge_5l@Iposttest01`L@ lE@00000030climate_knowledge_4@Iposttest01`L@ lE@00000030climate_knowledge_3@Hposttest01`L@ lE@00000030climate_knowledge_2:@^posttest01`L@ lE@00000030climate_knowledge_1@ Fposttest01`L@ _!E@00000022climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R _!E@00000022climate_knowledge_10@^posttest01bNB _!E@00000022climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ _!E@00000022climate_knowledge_8posttest01`L@ _!E@00000022climate_knowledge_7(@^posttest01`L@ _!E@00000022climate_knowledge_6@^posttest01`L@ _!E@00000022climate_knowledge_5@^posttest01`L@ _!E@00000022climate_knowledge_4\@^posttest01`L@ _!E@00000022climate_knowledge_3@^posttest01`L@ _!E@00000022climate_knowledge_2@^posttest01`L@ _!E@00000022climate_knowledge_1@\posttest01`L@ 6ЩE@00000030science-attitude-93posttest\L> LVAL J, H b(albedo, fossil fuels, gases are examples of emergent properties in a climate systemdynamic equilibrium is the equal distribution in the atmosphereit is the cycle of the amount of carbon in the atmosphere, oceans and earth. It;s affected by the fossil fuels. It's important for the carbon to form a cycleNo it is increasing unstable as the C02 and greenhouse gases increase causing something called global warming. Global warming is quite detrimental to our earth as climate change is affecting various areas of peoples lives.dynamic equilibrium is when there are inputs and outputs to the climate system. It is dynamic as it is not stationary parts are moving in a system. positive-when fossil fuels are burnt , C02 are C02 in the air, trapping more sunlight heat and causing more ice to melt. This in turn means more heat is absorbed by the ocean that being reflected off the ice. Therefore, it is just a steady increase. negative- when it comes back to an equilibrium , ex, albedo so it is stable and not increasingyes, more so than weather because it is long term and is more stable. Using such systems like La nina or El nino or the air currents we can have an accurate measures of the climate and roughly what it will be like in the next years.yes it can be but to a certain extent. weather , since it is short term , it may be unpredictable and prone to change quickly. Scientist have ways of measuring such weather. they are different. Weather- short term state of a particular region including rainfall, wind , temperature, etc. Climate- long term state , can refer to a state, country or globally has profound impacts on how we can live our lives. includes droughts and flooding, etc.the carbon cycle is the cycle in which the carbon goes around . Trees produced oxygen and take in carbon.sheep/cattle release C02 , trees are burnt (fossil fuels) and the stored C02 is released back into the atmosphereLVALLH,it is not stable due to the amount of carbon dioxide being produced . the global climate is risingthe amount of sheep can be an affect from tragedy of commonsThis is not possible due to the minute force of the flaps of the butterfly's wings. This force cannot create a huge impact of a snowstorm Brazil is also very far from Alaska, thus the power of one butterfly cannot affect Alaska. the force stops before reaching Alaska- reduce consumption of fossil fuels -stable the world population as we all use material that contributes to the climate change -make everyone go vegetarian, less cattle that produces methane -plant more trees , takes in C02 , keep the level more stable -make a policy ( carbon tax or something similar) that will limit greenhouse gases in our atmosphere increasing this way there will be higher albedo, ratio of the amount reflected to the amount absorbed by the sea , and thus a lower overall temperature.rules /strategies - go in small groups tp communicate with each other ..this way they can cover small areas by splitting up the planets surface -once in group , split up into individual robots but keep within the range of distance from communicating -don't let any robot go off by itself looking for gold, this may cause confusion and isolation of one robot who may not be able to communicate with others -once they have got the gold, set a meeting place to deposit gold this way they won't have to leave gold behind as they are carrying bins can only hold certain amount -use teamwork to help each other , track where the gold is, eg, if the gold is out of range for 1 robot another one can direct it using its sensors -if one robot has his hands full, use his communication to ask another robot to come over and help him carry the gold -program them to go to different areas , so that a group of robots won't cover the same area that another group of robots has searched. LVAL 0Weather is the term used to describe atmosphere conditions in a small period of time. Climate in the term used to describe atmospheric conditions and patterns in prolonged period of time. There no, they are completely different terms.The carbon cycle is the cycle of carbon in our environment. this includes ocean absorption respiration. IDK. maybe because it balances the amount of CO2 in the airGreenhouse gases are certain gases in out atmosphere which filter excess UV light and trap heat to warm the earth. The absence of these gases would mean that the earth would not be able to heat up to certain temperature which can sustain plants, animals, us and other living organisms.I recommend that fossil fuel burning are controlled, not to disrupt the balance of carbon in the carbon cycle. we need to ensure the albedo is the right thickness so that sun rays are reflected back to space and absorbed into earth's atmosphere as well. This can ensure there is a decreased global warming. Global warming can affect the earth's climate causing ice caps to melt and the oceans to dry up. This has serious impacts on animals and water used for irrigation. It in turn affects housing and farms. Food/crops are affected, causing impacts on industries. we should maintain a dynamic equilibrium in climate systems. There should be a balance of trees, livestock and fossil fuels in climate systems to ensure good climates and weatherThe robots need a sensor which senses where the spaceship is , so that they can carry the gold back to the spaceship. They need to know when the carrying bin is full and a sensor to sense the unfinished place that it has dug before The robots should form a pattern when searching for gold to effectively ensure they find all the gold on the planet. The robots should be in groups so they can work together. However, the groups should all have a specific area to cover, ensuring effectiveness and efficiency.&%$.\  ; a Q a &@n3a0V|.E@00000023climate_knowledge_8h@Uposttest01`L@ .E@00000023climate_knowledge_7@dposttest01`L@ .E@00000023climate_knowledge_6t@Rposttest01`L@ .E@00000023climate_knowledge_5@Pposttest01`L@ .E@00000023climate_knowledge_4\@dposttest01`L@ .E@00000023climate_knowledge_3They are differentposttest01t`@ .E@00000023climate_knowledge_2@bposttest01`L@ .E@00000023climate_knowledge_1@cposttest01`L@ E@00000023science-attitude-93posttest\L> E@00000023science-attitude-83posttest\L> E@00000023science-attitude-73posttest\L> E@00000023science-attitude-63posttest\L> E@00000023science-attitude-52posttest\L> E@00000023science-attitude-42posttest\L> E@00000023science-attitude-33posttest\L> E@00000023science-attitude-23posttest\L> E@00000023science-attitude-12posttest\L> iE@00000008problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N iE@00000008problem_solving_3posttest02\H< iE@00000008problem_solving_2@cposttest02\H< iE@00000008problem_solving_1@cposttest02\H< E@00000008climate_knowledge_confidence3posttest01t`R E@00000008climate_knowledge_10@bposttest01bNB E@00000008climate_knowledge_9I don't recall this . IDKposttest01{g@ E@00000008climate_knowledge_8I don't recall this . IDKposttest01{g@ E@00000008climate_knowledge_7@bposttest01`L@ E@00000008climate_knowledge_6@bposttest01`L@ E@00000008climate_knowledge_5@bposttest01`L@ E@00000008climate_knowledge_4N@bposttest01`L@ E@00000008climate_knowledge_3@`posttest01`L@ E@00000008climate_knowledge_2F@`posttest01`L@ E@00000008climate_knowledge_1:@`posttest01`L@  %tE@00000008science-attitude-94posttest\L>  %tE@00000008science-attitude-84posttest\L>  %tE@00000008science-attitude-74posttest\L>  %tE@00000008science-attitude-64posttest\L> ZLVAL jfbPvdynamic equilibrium is when all the parts of climate systems are working together and nothing is out of placeThe carbon cycle is the continuos flow of carbon atoms. This is because they are always moving and so the cycle starts when the atmospheric CO2 is heated up. When it heats up, it starts to rise and it must be replaced. The cooler CO2 rushes down to fill/replace the rising carbon and this creates a cycle. if the carbon rises, it cools as it gets higher in the atmosphere and so it rushes downthe current global climate system is relatively stable but i feel that due to daily emissions of green house gases by burning oil, coal, fuel reserves for energy is ruining or offsetting the delicate equilibrium/ balance of our weather patterns. there also more frequent episodes of natural disasters which have become more common after the excessive emission of CO2 into our atmosphereDynamic equilibrium example is when the oceanic absorption rate increases when CO2 in the air increases? Im sorry but i don't knowOne example of feedback is the albedo effect and water effect. Albedo refers to the proportion of sunlight reflected from the surface of the ice. The albedo controls the amount of heat absorbed and radiated into space. The water effect refers to emission of water vapour due to high temperatures. the water vapour is a form of feedback.climate, like weather, can be predicted to some extent. Due to the fact that climate is long term, it can make it easier to identify recurring events and when they occur such as high pressure systems, el nino or el nina phenomenon, with the aid of advanced technology, climate can be predicted to some extent by looking at recurring trends.Weather can be predicted to some extent however due to the instability of air masses it is difficult to accurately describe what conditions are likely to occur in the future in a fixed amount of time. However certain trends and patterns in data can be collected by advanced forecasting technolgyLVALfgreenhouse gases are the gases emitted from human actions that are heating up the earth. They play a role because that gases block UV rays from leaving the earth and so they are reflected into it surface of the earth. This causes the earth to heat up. When there are more greenhouse gases emitted, there are more UV rays being reflected/bounced back to Earthsome strategies that could be used to extract gold would be by ordering all robots to select a small space in a certain range and extract all gold there. then move to on to another area and repeat until the whole expanse of the planet has been covered. or another idea is landing the spaceship in different areas of the planet for a period of time and allowing the robots to scavenge the area and bring back gold and then changing the location of the spacecraft.I don't think that a butterfly flapping its wings in brazil can jiggle the air and cause snowstorm in Alaska. The first reason is obviously the miniscule movement of the butterfly wings , it is highly unlikely that the movement of the small butterfly would cause such a large scale event. Secondly, the distance is a major issue. The distance between Brazil and Alaska is thousands of kilometers and therefore it is very unlikely that the force of the butterfly's wings would create such an event from a distance thousands of kilometers . thirdly , the instability air patterns can mean there is no way to be exactly sure whether or not the snowstorm was caused by the butterfly. there must be other factors of greater contribution. Lastly, but not the least, are many daily disturbances to airflow around the world such as high pressure systems, hurricanes and storms. some of these large scale disturbances are only in a certain area and might not cause any weather problem in nearby countries. Therefore, I feel that the flapping of the butterfly's wings will not have a significant impact on altering weather patterns in a countries so far away.LVAL  V &They are different. weather is the current conditions of an area whilst climate is the average condition of a place, usually over a period of time.The carbon cycle is the system in which the carbon in our environment and atmosphere is converted into different forms. It is important because we need to monitor our used and emissions to make sure our environment is siustainableGreenhouse gases are the CO2 emissions that are trapped within our atmosphere. They are in the form of heat from sun rays and travel to the earth as infrared but are unable to leave the earth, causing global warming.Some recommendation are: 1. Reducing carbon emissions 2. Reducing fossil fuels 3. increasing the planting of trees /reducing deforestationThe Robots should maintain a systematic approach and should always stay in something like a straight line where the gap between them is equal. Every lap of the planet they should shuffle across a little to ensure that every centimetre of the planet is coveredA butterfly flapping its wings would jiggle the air in BRAZIL but would it be enough for a snowstorm? it could be enough if the butterfly flapped its wings at the same time a wind current was coming in and the 'jiggle' in the air could cause a change in the cycle causing it to have a major events in q country/(state) like AlaskaNo, it is not stable because fossil fuels usage keeps rising and when it rises, the entire system can become unstable and it will disturb the equilibrium of the system.An example of dynamic equilibrium is the level of carbon dioxide to the temperature of the Earth. If the level of carbon is disturbed by a factor like fossil fuels, it can affect the temperature since more of the sun's rays will be reflected back to earthweather can be predicted because of the satellites we have. This technology allows us to fully examine and take an educated guess about the weather at least a week in advance9%$r G a & T  ?eDT3a"""bE@00000025science-attitude-52posttest\L> """bE@00000025science-attitude-42posttest\L> """bE@00000025science-attitude-32posttest\L> """bE@00000025science-attitude-23posttest\L> """bE@00000025science-attitude-12posttest\L> +E@00000016problem_solving_confidence1posttest02p\N +E@00000016problem_solving_3@fposttest02\H< +E@00000016problem_solving_2@fposttest02\H< +E@00000016problem_solving_1@fposttest02\H< `E@00000016climate_knowledge_confidence1posttest01t`R `E@00000016climate_knowledge_10@Uposttest01bNB `E@00000016climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ `E@00000016climate_knowledge_8posttest01`L@ `E@00000016climate_knowledge_7@fposttest01`L@ `E@00000016climate_knowledge_6@fposttest01`L@ `E@00000016climate_knowledge_5 @fposttest01`L@ `E@00000016climate_knowledge_4@fposttest01`L@ `E@00000016climate_knowledge_3&@dposttest01`L@ `E@00000016climate_knowledge_2@dposttest01`L@ `E@00000016climate_knowledge_1@dposttest01`L@ @PE@00000016science-attitude-93posttest\L> @PE@00000016science-attitude-83posttest\L> @PE@00000016science-attitude-73posttest\L> @PE@00000016science-attitude-62posttest\L> @PE@00000016science-attitude-52posttest\L> @PE@00000016science-attitude-42posttest\L> @PE@00000016science-attitude-33posttest\L> @PE@00000016science-attitude-23posttest\L> @PE@00000016science-attitude-13posttest\L> (\E@00000023problem_solving_confidence1posttest02p\N (\E@00000023problem_solving_3@dposttest02\H< (\E@00000023problem_solving_2@dposttest02\H< (\E@00000023problem_solving_1@dposttest02\H< .E@00000023climate_knowledge_confidence1posttest01t`R .E@00000023climate_knowledge_10P@dposttest01bNB .E@00000023climate_knowledge_9!I still don't know what this isposttest01m@ LVALR 2 x dt'tragedy of the commons' is when something that is usually in balance falls out of place.I recommend that everyone should be educated about climate change, and use models to graph and determine the positive and negative effects we're having on our environment. also, know and understand the effects of human actions such as fossil fuel burning on our environment, and find ways to keep our planet sustainable longerEach robot should communicate with each other and tell each other which areas have been explored and searched for gold, so the mission is faster and no robots will be searching one place over and over when another robot has already searched there. Also the robots should return to the spaceships once their carrying bin is full to avoid using any of the goldIt is not possible for one butterfly flapping its wings to reach such an effect but if there were million of butterflies flPPING t the same time and for a long period of time, then this is a possibilitydynamic equilibrium is the balance between factors of the environment, for example, the relationship between trees using up carbon and producing oxygen. there has to be a sustainable number of trees to balance out the number of humans and animals using up the oxygenFeedback is the change(positive/negative) in the environment that reflects other factors. For example, the more sheep there are consuming oxygen, the more carbon they exhale, for the trees, thus creating positive feedbackNo, climate is the average conditions of a particular region. climate can't be predicted because the conditions will stay approximately the sameYes, using models and graphs. We can use previous data/records to predict future weather patterns. we can also use satellites to track the movement of clouds, for example. However, the accuracy of weather predictions can't be guaranteed as there are other factors that could influence the environment that we haven't predicted i'e strong winds%%%.\  ; a  . \!O}.\!O}%E@00000029science-attitude-94posttest\L> %E@00000029science-attitude-83posttest\L> %E@00000029science-attitude-73posttest\L> %E@00000029science-attitude-63posttest\L> %E@00000029science-attitude-52posttest\L> %E@00000029science-attitude-43posttest\L> %E@00000029science-attitude-33posttest\L> %E@00000029science-attitude-23posttest\L> %E@00000029science-attitude-13posttest\L> M<+E@00000025problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N M<+E@00000025problem_solving_3@iposttest02\H< M<+E@00000025problem_solving_2@hposttest02\H< M<+E@00000025problem_solving_1@hposttest02\H< QE@00000013science-attitude-94posttest\L> QE@00000013science-attitude-84posttest\L> QE@00000013science-attitude-74posttest\L> QE@00000013science-attitude-64posttest\L> QE@00000013science-attitude-54posttest\L> QE@00000013science-attitude-42posttest\L> QE@00000013science-attitude-33posttest\L> QE@00000013science-attitude-23posttest\L> QE@00000013science-attitude-13posttest\L> SE@00000025climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R SE@00000025climate_knowledge_10@_posttest01bNB SE@00000025climate_knowledge_9x@_posttest01`L@ SE@00000025climate_knowledge_8@ ^posttest01`L@ SE@00000025climate_knowledge_7~@^posttest01`L@ SE@00000025climate_knowledge_6@hposttest01`L@ SE@00000025climate_knowledge_5@\posttest01`L@ SE@00000025climate_knowledge_4@Xposttest01`L@ SE@00000025climate_knowledge_3l@hposttest01`L@ SE@00000025climate_knowledge_2@Wposttest01`L@ SE@00000025climate_knowledge_1l@hposttest01`L@ """bE@00000025science-attitude-93posttest\L> """bE@00000025science-attitude-83posttest\L> """bE@00000025science-attitude-72posttest\L> """bE@00000025science-attitude-62posttest\L> ZLVAL( 2rtDynamic equilibrium in the climate include the amount of fossil fuels burnt. The albedo of the land is also highly influential.the robots would need are the ability to cooperate, wheels to travel on and effectively put the gold in a safe place after it has been dug out. If the robots could talk to each other, they could easily hand each other the amounts of gold so that it could be stored in their spaceship quicker. The wheels are needed for them to glide across the planet otherwise they would be able to travel out at all. Once they sense the gold, dig it up and put it in their bin. they should go to their spaceship and put the gold in a safer place. if not the gold might fall out of their bin and they will be left with none.butterflies are insect with wings which allow them to fly. they flap their wings in large swarms because it enables them to travel to other places faster. In Brazil, where there are millions of butterflies , it has been said that when they flap their wings together they can cause a snowstorm in Alaska. Firstly, butterflies are very fast creatures, thus makes it easy for them to flap their wings in incredible speed. with this ability , a swarm of butterflies can produce large amount of wind gushes. Secondly, Brazil has a warm climate zone. In warm area winds are much more emphasized and can become storms. If the butterflies were to flap their wings together in a swarm the strong winds could then travel to Alaska an cause a minor snowstorm.an example of feedback can be water feedback which tells us the amount of moisture in the atmosphere based on how much of something is releasedthey are different. weather is based on the earth temperature and how it affects an individual zone. example of weather storm, for example winds, clouds, rainstorms, heat waves, etc.greenhouse gases are emitted fossil fuel in our atmosphere. they build up and are trapped in the ozone layer. these green house gases cause the earth to heat up , thus global warmingBLVAL x hdthese are gases in the atmosphere which help trap heat from the sun rays to keep the earth at a relatively warm and stable temperature. An excess of greenhouse gases causes a rise in temperature, as the suns' rays are nor able to be reflected back onto spaceno, it is not. there is a determined climate for every area, however the gradual rising temperatures and 'climate change' are altering the climate system of the worldEmergent properties are what stand out in climate systems, for example, if there is a break in a trend or an anomaly in a pattern.Examples of feedback can include water feedback which tells us the amount of moisture in the atmosphere based on how much of something is releasedno, because climate is determined using weather patterns of an area. It requires observation and research and cannot simply be predicted.Yes, it can be predicted. firstly, for example if the climate of an area is cold and wet, it can be predicted that there will be many rainy days, weather can also be predicted by observing the past few days and making a judgementNo, they are different. Climate is typical description of weather conditions in an area and provides a general guideline. weather is the specific events of an area and can vary; climate is an average of generalisation of these eventsThe carbon cycle is the movement of carbon through all parts of the earth. it is important because everything is comprised of carbon and we need to know how it affects life on earthGreenhouse gases are those that are associated with the green house effect. They become trapped in the atmosphere due to global warming, and heat the earth's surface like greenhouse. these include carbon dioxide . they are important for us to know what is associated with global warming and how it is affecting our planet.- if there is a destination to go to which is 500m away, must not use a car unless elderly or disabled -air conditioner should not be turned on for over an hour - lower use of C02 N%$&L r  + ; a  @fv ;UHv OE@00000029problem_solving_1@mposttest02\H<  E@00000007science-attitude-94posttest\L>  E@00000007science-attitude-84posttest\L>  E@00000007science-attitude-73posttest\L>  E@00000007science-attitude-62posttest\L>  E@00000007science-attitude-52posttest\L>  E@00000007science-attitude-42posttest\L>  E@00000007science-attitude-33posttest\L>  E@00000007science-attitude-24posttest\L>  E@00000007science-attitude-13posttest\L> 5hE@00000013problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N 5hE@00000013problem_solving_3\@lposttest02\H< 5hE@00000013problem_solving_2P@lposttest02\H< 5hE@00000013problem_solving_1X@lposttest02\H< YE@00000029climate_knowledge_confidence3posttest01t`R YE@00000029climate_knowledge_10(@kposttest01bNB YE@00000029climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ YE@00000029climate_knowledge_8@kposttest01`L@ YE@00000029climate_knowledge_7N@kposttest01`L@ YE@00000029climate_knowledge_62@kposttest01`L@ YE@00000029climate_knowledge_5@kposttest01`L@ YE@00000029climate_knowledge_4@kposttest01`L@ YE@00000029climate_knowledge_38@kposttest01`L@ YE@00000029climate_knowledge_2@kposttest01`L@ YE@00000029climate_knowledge_1@ iposttest01`L@ E@00000013climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R E@00000013climate_knowledge_10L@iposttest01bNB E@00000013climate_knowledge_9@fposttest01`L@ E@00000013climate_knowledge_8@iposttest01`L@ E@00000013climate_knowledge_7@bposttest01`L@ E@00000013climate_knowledge_6$@iposttest01`L@ E@00000013climate_knowledge_5@iposttest01`L@ E@00000013climate_knowledge_4@iposttest01`L@ E@00000013climate_knowledge_3@iposttest01`L@ E@00000013climate_knowledge_2j@iposttest01`L@ E@00000013climate_knowledge_1@iposttest01`L@ LVALd , L .the current global climate system is not stable. there has been a sudden rise in C02 in the atmosphere, and more greenhouse gases which has caused the rise in temperature. this affects the global climate system and the continued rising of temperature is causing global warmingemergence is where a pattern is observed at micro level, which can not be seen at a larger scale. For example, the movement of heat particles in a circular motion , rising at the land and sinking at the sea is emergent propertythe movement of C02 particles in the climate system. Although the total amountr remains the same, C02, particles are always moving between the land, sea and atmosphereif the sun's rays melt the ice , and the amount of ice decreased, this results in less rays being reflected into space. This causes rising temperature and the cycle continues. this is an example of negative feedback, as the cycle is pushing further away from a state of equilibriumclimate can be predicted with more accuracy that weather. This is because if there is enough data and a trend , we can predict climate. also as climate refers to patterns over a long period of time , it can be predicted more easily by looking for patterns in pasts years weather can be predicted but to a limited degree, usually for only a week. Meteorologist can use satellites to help predict weather but because weather is so complicated and relies on so many factors, the predictions are not always accurateweather is day to day events such as rain , sunshine, clouds and thunderstorms. climate is a pattern over a prolonged period of time such as annual rainfallthe carbon cycle is the movement of carbon particles between the living and non-living parts of the environment. It is important to keep a balance of the amount of carbon being used and the stored carbon. for example, carbon is used by a sheep, in the atmosphere and is also a stored as the remains of ancient trees under the ground LVAL Xfweather only last for a short period of time. climate is more long termEmergent properties are the factors that start to influence climate change.firstly, based on the observation, the first that needs to be controlled is CO2 usage. CO2 is primarily associated with rises in temperature of the earth and accelerates global warming. deforestation also contributes to the problem, with CO2 levels increasing as the number of trees decreases. to reduce greenhouses gas emissions, there should be limits to how much coal factories can burn, and how much waste is disposed of in the ocean. water usage also need to be monitored to prevent droughts and drier climates. the albedo rate also needs to be observedFirstly, the robots should be programmed to not exceed a certain distance for a certain period of time. this way, all the robots cans search together and are able to communicate together constantly, as they are not far apart. the gold will be effectively collected as all robots will be together and work quickly. after a period of a few hours, the robots should relocate to a different area and repeat the same process. they should send signals to earth. each robot should also make the counting process easier. each time they visit an area, the robots should return to the spaceship and store their gold. this way, the collection of the gold will be easy effective and efficientthis can possible, but only on a much larger or much smaller scale. if one million butterflies flap their wings, this would have a much greater effect on this. it can also be said that the flapping of the wings could move air towards Alaska. one butterfly would not affect anything by itself. if the flapping of the wings led to more actions which the caused the snowstorm, this would be more plausible. this called 'the butterfly effect'. only a chain of events could build up to a snowstorm starting at the butterfly, but not the butterfly's wings alone.*LVAL >fossil fuel burning should be kept at a minimum , as the greenhouse gases and carbon emissions are causing a rise in the global temperature. More trees should be planted as they help use the C02 and thus lower the global temperature. agriculture is contributing to the greenhouse gases significantly , as shown by the sheep in the models. cutting down of agriculture or at least improving practices will be vital for the climate policythe robots should be equipped with a device which allows human on earth to monitor them and have control over them. a small camera should be attached to each robot, sending an image every few minutes so we can monitor the progress being made. the robots should have sensors so they can mark their own territory to search. this way, the robots will be able to search more efficiently . the spaceship should emit noise every few seconds , so the robots are able to find their way back to the spaceship. there should be a large container in the main spaceship n, where the gold can be brought back and emptied in. there should also be a machine which sifts through the gold and remove any rocks or dirt. so that they can be dumped elsewhere. this way the spaceship does not have as much to carry and there is more room for the gold. the idea that a butterfly flapping its wings in Brazil can jiggle the air and then help cause snowstorm in Alaska is not possible. while this can be possible on a much smaller scale, and does have origins in facts. the effect of the butterfly is much too little to have an effect on a snowstorm so far away. the movement of the air will cause the surrounding air to move to move as well and have repercussions on a small scale. for example, waving a fan will cause a small breeze if it is next to your face, however, this is on a much smaller scale, and even then,the breeze is too small to help cause a snowstorm . also the distance between the two countries is far too big for the repercussions of the air moving to have an effect on a snowstorm. X%$.D j # I m  4b'U<bE@00000027climate_knowledge_9 @qposttest01`L@ E@00000027climate_knowledge_8~@qposttest01`L@ E@00000027climate_knowledge_7@qposttest01`L@ E@00000027climate_knowledge_6@qposttest01`L@ E@00000027climate_knowledge_5@qposttest01`L@ E@00000027climate_knowledge_4@qposttest01`L@ E@00000027climate_knowledge_3^@qposttest01`L@ E@00000027climate_knowledge_2@qposttest01`L@ E@00000027climate_knowledge_1@qposttest01`L@ 5/E@00000027science-attitude-93posttest\L> 5/E@00000027science-attitude-83posttest\L> 5/E@00000027science-attitude-73posttest\L> 5/E@00000027science-attitude-63posttest\L> 5/E@00000027science-attitude-52posttest\L> 5/E@00000027science-attitude-43posttest\L> 5/E@00000027science-attitude-33posttest\L> 5/E@00000027science-attitude-22posttest\L> 5/E@00000027science-attitude-13posttest\L> |E@00000007problem_solving_confidence3posttest02p\N |E@00000007problem_solving_3@pposttest02\H< |E@00000007problem_solving_2@pposttest02\H< |E@00000007problem_solving_1@pposttest02\H< 8&E@00000007climate_knowledge_confidence3posttest01t`R 8&E@00000007climate_knowledge_10`@oposttest01bNB 8&E@00000007climate_knowledge_9@oposttest01`L@ 8&E@00000007climate_knowledge_8@lposttest01`L@ 8&E@00000007climate_knowledge_7@hposttest01`L@ 8&E@00000007climate_knowledge_6\@oposttest01`L@ 8&E@00000007climate_knowledge_5R@oposttest01`L@ 8&E@00000007climate_knowledge_42@oposttest01`L@ 8&E@00000007climate_knowledge_3@oposttest01`L@ 8&E@00000007climate_knowledge_2@oposttest01`L@ 8&E@00000007climate_knowledge_1 @oposttest01`L@ OE@00000029problem_solving_confidence3posttest02p\N OE@00000029problem_solving_3f@mposttest02\H< OE@00000029problem_solving_2|@mposttest02\H< LVAL t h |The current global climate is definitely not sustainable. As the icecaps are melting, all the temperature does is rise. If we continue this, the sea levels will rise along with the temperature. A lot of animal species will die, causing a break in the food chain which will soon effect human food sources.They are common things that everyday people do for example, driving cars (producing CO2) that are changing the ozone layer and the level of rays are reflected back to the earth causing climate change.Feedback in climate change is the different things that are affected from the change. This could be, population decrease/increase, animal population, temperature and weather.Climate usually can't be predicted. It is a prolonged type depending on the areas location on the earth. Drastic climate change is hard to predict and nearly impossible.Weather is able to be predicted. By looking at the clouds and, wind flows, it is usually possible to predict the weather however it isn't always correct.Weather and climate are NOT the same. Weather: changes in the rainfall that vary and change either daily or even hourly. They are like rain, sun, cloudy. It can usually be predicted. Climate: long lasting types of air and rainfall. They usually don't change for long period of time. Example wet climate, dry climate. The carbon cycle is the cycle where carbon dioxide is turned into oxygen through the trees. The trees absorb the CO2 and release oxygen however when the leaves are falling in Autumn, the CO2 comes back out. The cycle is important because it allows us to have enough oxygen to breathe and also less CO2 in the atmosphere.Greenhouse gases are gases like carbon dioxide that are produced by humans, mostly from burning fossil fuels that adds to the ozone layer. Without the thickening, the earth would be way too cold to live in. Therefore it is important we have our greenhouse gases.LVAL byes, weather can be predicted . weather shows sign of change , el nino, la ninaAs a member of a United Nation committee, I would constantly remind everyone to stop using so much energy. In order to raise awareness, all schools are compulsory to study the topic of climate change and ads on television and before movies are to be shown. Collecting precise data is necessary and it is important to acknowledge the problems to everyone. There should be competitions for the People of the world to participate in, trying to think of ways to help global warming. The winner would recieve a prize and the ideas can be put to thought and consideration by scientists. Most important is to always make sure people are aware of all the problems the Earth will face if we keep living the unsustainable lifestyle.-Each robot should have a tracking device. -If one robot has a malfunction, it should magnetically attract two other robots that have been assigned to stay close to each other so that they can join and go back to home base (space craft) -Send constant pictures/statistics back to Earth whenever possible. -emergency button to stop all processing. -robots shut down when malfunctioning, however the tract device still works. -When the gold is dug out, examine extremely carefully before adding to pile.Although the theory is fairly controversal and many argue both sides, I believe that the theory is most definitely not true. My first reason is because of the little impact the butterfly would have on the earth. Unless there are about 7,000,000 butterflys, flapping their wings at exactly the same time, causing a MASSIVE gush of wind to Alaska, it is quite impossible that one little butterfly could start a snowstorm. Also, the snowstorm are determined by clouds from different places. If a butterfly flapping its wing in Brazil can start a snowstorm, what would happen if a bird flaping it's wings? It is just an impossible theory.LVAL j @ v v(climate can be predicted, climate stations or collected info about the weatherTragedy of commons is the fact that some aspects of the climate system are affected so badly that it can't go back to the way it was originally.Emergent properties in climate systems are the fact that although individual air particles look like they are moving in random directions, as a mass they are all moving in the same direction.The way carbon moves in the climate systems is an example of dynamic equilibrium. Even though individual carbon particles never stay in the same place, the amount of carbon is kept consistent, or equal.Feedback in the climate system can be the way water is evaporated (which then becomes a greenhouse gas), traps more heat in the atmosphere, causing more water to evaporate, trapping more heat in the atmosphere, and so on.Climate can be predicted, more so than the weather, because it is gradual and we can examine the factors that goes into the changing climate and figure out how the climate will change in the future. Factors such as the atmospher or greenhouse gas emission.Weather is hard to predict because it can be very random and fluctuate a lot, but the general weather for the next few days is possible to find because we can relate changes in weather to things such as winds, oceans, atmosphere,Weather and climate are different. Weather can change from day to day, and isn't always consistent, while climate is the general weather (like an average) of a specific place.The carbon cycle is the cycle in which carbon goes through the atmosphere, earth and ocean It is important because carbon is an important element int the world and the way the carbon is moving around the world can affect everyone.Greenhouse gases are gases released into the atmosphere that keep the heat radiated to us by the sun, trapped in the atmosphere. They are important because they keep the earth at a warm livable climate. FLVALd dBbNo, weather is specific in terms of place, time and date, while climate takes place in a wider range of settingsThe carbon cycle is a closed cycle of carbon atoms constantly being transferred between organisms.common sense tells me that this is not possibleno, global warming and climate change creates a tipping point and the world will endwater feedback when the water warms and create greenhouse gases (evapoartion) this is negative feedback A butterfly flapping its wings in one area and largely affecting an area in another part of the world is called the butterfly effect. The theory that changes in one place causes a domino effect that causes changes in another place. Small changes - even a butterflies wings changing the air around it with the flap of its wings, can instigate an assorted of other changes as a result of this small changes in the air around it. The small change in the air can affect the air next to it, which might affect the larger amount of air next to it, which could instigate wind, breeze or change in temperate in the atmosphere or ocean, all of these changes stack up to create a situation in which a snowstorm occurs in another part of the world, in this case, Alaska. This theory is evident in relation to the climate systems - one small change can end up changing and effecting the entire system. It may not be as dramatic a snowstorm, but it has the potential to be. The Butterfly effect is in our everyday life, if we do something slightly different in the morning, it could change how entire day works out. The point is, small changes can effect something only slightly bigger, which may affect something that is only lightly bigger, and it keeps going until the changes become more prominent - which can result in an snowstorm. The current global system is not completely stable, because an increase in greenhouse gas emission affect the way in which the air, water and carbon particles behave, and causes it to not remain consistent.^%$> X  K y  : `?cy*Xz*pF@00000064science-attitude-63posttest\L> z*pF@00000064science-attitude-54posttest\L> z*pF@00000064science-attitude-44posttest\L> z*pF@00000064science-attitude-33posttest\L> z*pF@00000064science-attitude-23posttest\L> z*pF@00000064science-attitude-13posttest\L> y@NE@00000019problem_solving_confidence1posttest02p\N y@NE@00000019problem_solving_3@tposttest02\H< y@NE@00000019problem_solving_2@@uposttest02\H< y@NE@00000019problem_solving_1^@rposttest02\H< 7E@00000019climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R 7E@00000019climate_knowledge_10@rposttest01bNB 7E@00000019climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ 7E@00000019climate_knowledge_8posttest01`L@ 7E@00000019climate_knowledge_7*@uposttest01`L@ 7E@00000019climate_knowledge_6@rposttest01`L@ 7E@00000019climate_knowledge_5@ qposttest01`L@ 7E@00000019climate_knowledge_4@pposttest01`L@ 7E@00000019climate_knowledge_3@lposttest01`L@ 7E@00000019climate_knowledge_2@uposttest01`L@ 7E@00000019climate_knowledge_1@uposttest01`L@ E@00000019science-attitude-93posttest\L> E@00000019science-attitude-83posttest\L> E@00000019science-attitude-74posttest\L> E@00000019science-attitude-63posttest\L> E@00000019science-attitude-52posttest\L> E@00000019science-attitude-43posttest\L> E@00000019science-attitude-33posttest\L> E@00000019science-attitude-23posttest\L> E@00000019science-attitude-13posttest\L> =E@00000027problem_solving_confidence3posttest02p\N =E@00000027problem_solving_3F@uposttest02\H< =E@00000027problem_solving_2 @tposttest02\H< =E@00000027problem_solving_1 @rposttest02\H< E@00000027climate_knowledge_confidence3posttest01t`R E@00000027climate_knowledge_10@rposttest01bNB LVAL &The carbon cycle is the everlasting process of the gas molecules changing form. it undergoes different form such as energy for photosynthesis in plants and oxygen for animalsGreen house gases are gases in the atmosphere that trap incoming solar radiation on Earth in order for a stable temperature on Earth. They're important because they keep the Earth from freezing...maximum of 2 child policy. carbon tax to reduce carbon emissions. aim to reduc greenhouse gases, reduce evaporation (increase albedo effect), reduce carbon emission ( reduce use of petroleum cars, reduce fossil fuelling, slowdown logging/ deforestration Gold deposits tend to be far underground the more you dig it up - after the gold fairly close to the surface has been dug up, and the sensors don't pick up any traces of gold anywhere, the robots should all meet in an area such as the spaceship and split off into groups, where they will then use 'man'power to dig up the gold that is further underground. Before all this however they would communicate with each other to tell each other if they have exhausted the amount of gold in the area (thats not too deep for one robot to find). Then, as a group, the robots will move to another section of the planet, doing the same thing they did in the first area. They will try and find as much gold that they can reach in an area so they can communicate with one another. They should proceed this way until they're gone over the entire planet, afterwhich they will separate into groups and start to dig deeper for gold. However there would be an issue as to how much gold each robot could carry if it had only one carrying bin, which wouldn't be able to store all the gold if they were to go over the entire planet. There would have to be one brave robot who would in waves, take the gold back to the spaceship. As the group of robots moved further away from the spaceship, the more robots they would send to transport the gold (for safety measures, and so the robots can keep each other company :) )LVAL$that every robot must stay in range of 2 other robots. Tell the robots that you only live once and if they don't find all the gold within the time limit , they'll all die , teah scare the robots. equip robots with solar power boards so they can work faster with the frequent solar flares.carbon and oxygen cycle its constantly changing, produces carbon dioxide, trees absorb the carbon dioxide then exhales oxygen which is then absorbed.the carbon cycle is the cycle of carbon within the atmosphere. it is important because we need a healthy carbon cycle for a healthy planetgreenhouse gases are gases which contribute to the greenhouse effect and essential global warming and climate change. They are important because they contribute entirely to global warming and climate change and those are the issues majorly affecting out lives today and will continue to affect our future if no-one put a stop to it First of all, and most obviously, the amount of greenhouse gases emitted must be brought down to a consistent rate, that is very low, so that the greenhouse gases won't affect the climate and force it to change dramatically. Renewable energy should predominantly be used to keep the energy we use at a sustainable level. The temperature of the air, the carbon in the atmosphere and ocean all are affected by the greenhouse gas emission. We will only increase use of greenhouse gas emission in the future, so it is essential we cut down on the greenhouse gases now, by making use of renewable energy. The amount of trees we cut down will also affect the state of our climate if we keep getting rid of them. They help keep the carbon equal in the carbon cycle and in relation to dynamic equilibrium. The key is to keep our environment at a level in which it can sustain itself - which we can help to do by refraining from pumping loads of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, and getting rid of something that can help control the situation - trees.^%$.X ~  7 ] . \!Oy 2X~ F@00000075problem_solving_1X@xposttest02\H< !N&F@00000075climate_knowledge_confidence1posttest01t`R !N&F@00000075climate_knowledge_10noposttest01fRB !N&F@00000075climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ !N&F@00000075climate_knowledge_8posttest01`L@ !N&F@00000075climate_knowledge_7posttest01`L@ !N&F@00000075climate_knowledge_6@xposttest01`L@ !N&F@00000075climate_knowledge_5@xposttest01`L@ !N&F@00000075climate_knowledge_4@xposttest01`L@ !N&F@00000075climate_knowledge_3@rposttest01`L@ !N&F@00000075climate_knowledge_2\@tposttest01`L@ !N&F@00000075climate_knowledge_1@wposttest01`L@ $F@00000077science-attitude-94posttest\L> $F@00000077science-attitude-84posttest\L> $F@00000077science-attitude-74posttest\L> $F@00000077science-attitude-63posttest\L> $F@00000077science-attitude-52posttest\L> $F@00000077science-attitude-42posttest\L> $F@00000077science-attitude-32posttest\L> $F@00000077science-attitude-22posttest\L> $F@00000077science-attitude-12posttest\L> N1jxF@00000075science-attitude-93posttest\L> #<F@00000064climate_knowledge_confidence3posttest01t`R #<F@00000064climate_knowledge_10B@wposttest01bNB #<F@00000064climate_knowledge_9@wposttest01`L@ #<F@00000064climate_knowledge_8@wposttest01`L@ #<F@00000064climate_knowledge_7@wposttest01`L@ #<F@00000064climate_knowledge_6@wposttest01`L@ #<F@00000064climate_knowledge_58@wposttest01`L@ #<F@00000064climate_knowledge_4h@wposttest01`L@ #<F@00000064climate_knowledge_3@wposttest01`L@ #<F@00000064climate_knowledge_2@rposttest01`L@ #<F@00000064climate_knowledge_1@tposttest01`L@ z*pF@00000064science-attitude-91posttest\L> z*pF@00000064science-attitude-81posttest\L> z*pF@00000064science-attitude-73posttest\L> LVAL |  Greenhouse gases are gases released when there is a certain activity. it is vital to our lives because it is an important factor in the carbon cycle keeping the environment of the earth sustainableThe current global climate system isn't stable, because CO2 is constantly being released into the atmosphere, strengthening the effects of greenhouse effect. If this continiues tom happen without trying to reverse the effects, a) the fossil fuels will run out and b0temperatures will rise.Tragedy of the commons are resources that have no 'owner' so countries deplete and ruin them without restoring and replenishing (air,water).Emergent properties in the climate system relates to the 'circle of air' that occurs where land meets the ocean. The air is simply reacting to the enviroment it's placed in (over cool water or hot land) but when looked at a macro-level, it shows a recurring cycle.Dynamic equilibrium in climate systems would relate to CO2 in the atmosphere and the CO2 in the ocean. They both remain equal with each other constantly, but isn't a static equilibrium because carbon is constantly being exchanged between the atmosphere and ocean.Feedback in climate systems is where something is put in and something is received in a loop...I forgot... I remember the ants model though where the ants chemical trail helped the colony efficiently and effectively find food.Climate can be predicted more accurately then weather. Climate shows a trend/pattern over a long period of time and can therefore continue and be predicted.Weather can be predicted to a certain extent (1 week into the future) but is not always accurate. You can track the movement of preassure systems but is again, not always accurate.Weather and climate are different. Weather is the atmospheric movement at a particular time. Climate is the pattern of temperatures over a long period of time. Weather varies more than climate.LVAL,H 0 f$weather is the immediate atmospheric conditions , whereas, climate is far more general statistic over longer period of timesGreenhouse gases are particles in the air that are product of human activity, ex carbon and water vapor. They can disturb processess on eart and the earth's equilibriumFrom the information gathered , it is suggested that there are changes that can be made by human to reduce climate change and global warming. It is ideal to reduce burning of fossil fuels, reducing factories-main source of pollution. Also, thought should be put with the carbon tax. and people should be put to vote for it. More trees can be planted and there should be a day when everyone rests and plant a tree eachrelating to the ant model. the programs of the robot can be designed so that, the robots find a large amount. it can leave chemicals or scents on the ground so that the other robots can follow the tracks. There should also be a program where sensors are attached to the robots so that they do not crash into each other , relating to the bird flocking model.the term is not to be taken literally but more thought should be put in to determine the true meaning. A butterfly can not cause a snowstorm in Alaska, however, if taken metaphorically it shows the concept of altering a factor which can change the whole systems of problems. it explains that effort should be put in to overcome global warming. so that the small changes we make in our actions can actually make a big difference.feedback is systems are when there is an income from what was originally the outcome. am example is the climate systems would be when the temperature of the land and sea increases as the cloud cover and albedo rates reduced.climate can be predicted however, it is able to change , unlike weather. It is only estimated from past recordingsweather can be predicted . There are estimations that can be made through past weather or satellite images %%.H v ; i & L r+;iHv ;e|hF@00000077climate_knowledge_1@{posttest01`L@ !CeGF@00000073science-attitude-94posttest\L> !CeGF@00000073science-attitude-84posttest\L> !CeGF@00000073science-attitude-74posttest\L> !CeGF@00000073science-attitude-64posttest\L> !CeGF@00000073science-attitude-54posttest\L> !CeGF@00000073science-attitude-43posttest\L> !CeGF@00000073science-attitude-34posttest\L> !CeGF@00000073science-attitude-23posttest\L> !CeGF@00000073science-attitude-13posttest\L>  AF@00000081problem_solving_confidence1posttest02p\N  AF@00000081problem_solving_3B@{posttest02\H<  AF@00000081problem_solving_2@zposttest02\H<  AF@00000081problem_solving_1posttest02\H< F@00000081climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R F@00000081climate_knowledge_10@zposttest01bNB F@00000081climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ F@00000081climate_knowledge_8posttest01`L@ F@00000081climate_knowledge_7posttest01`L@ F@00000081climate_knowledge_6r@zposttest01`L@ F@00000081climate_knowledge_5 @zposttest01`L@ F@00000081climate_knowledge_4 @zposttest01`L@ F@00000081climate_knowledge_3r@zposttest01`L@ F@00000081climate_knowledge_2 @zposttest01`L@ F@00000081climate_knowledge_1P@xposttest01`L@ dF@00000081science-attitude-93posttest\L> dF@00000081science-attitude-83posttest\L> dF@00000081science-attitude-73posttest\L> dF@00000081science-attitude-63posttest\L> dF@00000081science-attitude-53posttest\L> dF@00000081science-attitude-43posttest\L> dF@00000081science-attitude-33posttest\L> dF@00000081science-attitude-23posttest\L> dF@00000081science-attitude-13posttest\L>  F@00000075problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N  F@00000075problem_solving_3B@xposttest02\H<  F@00000075problem_solving_2@xposttest02\H< LVAL d X \less carbon is to be burnt and energy sources such as solar energy, hydro power, thermo-electric energy ( for now anyway)no, the increasingly unbalanced amount of carbon in the air is changing the climate for the worseI believe that we should not send robots to another planet to collect gold as this will only increase the greed of developed nations. the world will not be a place in which all citizens are equal and have equal opportunities. But if we choose to send robots to this distant planet. - the robots could absorb the sun's heat and use it as its energy to find and dig gold. -robots must look for gold in groups rather than individually -use magnets to attract goldno, the current global climate system is beginning to heat up. the sea level is also rising due to the rise in temperature and this causes problems for ecosystems. the climate is not stable anymore as humans begin to produce more carbon emissionsfeedback is when an output of a system becomes part of the input in a system. ex. radiation of the sun is an example of feedback. it is used in the albedo effect to create on the earthyes, but there are many factors that influence the climate. we can monitor hte change in climate but can not predict it with precisionyes, but only an approximation. It can be predicted with weather maps, satellite information and with the use of equipment like weather balloonsNo. weather is in the short-term. It can be predicted at an approximation. the climate is in long term, its patterns can be approximated but many factors influence the change in climatethere is carbon in everything, the trees, animals and atmosphere and the sea. It is the amount of carbon shared on the earth. It is important that the amount of carbon is balanced so that processes on earth do not change dramatically. the carbon cycle is the carbon travels in cycle from the trees to the atmosphere to the animals. carbon cannot be destroyed as it is a never ending cycle.LVAL  v($(2yes. by observing past records of climate in particular places it is probably quite easy to predict by observing the trendsyes, but it is hard to predict due to many changing factors affecting the outcome of itthe carbon cycle is the cylce of carbondynamic equilibrium refers to the fluctuations in two parts of a climate system that may change slightly in the short term but remain relatively constant by keeping each other in balance. an example is the amount of carbon in the ocean and its temperature. feedback occurs when something in a climate system is changed (e.g amount of fossil fuels being burnt) and something else is affected because of it. in this case, the temperature rising is a form of positive feedback as it continues to riseclimate can be predicted to a certain extent by looking back on past climate records and taking into account factors like our current use of fossil fuels, forecast a long term patternweather can be predicted to a certain extent by observing fronts, high/low pressure systems, and therefore the likelihood of certain conditions or temperatureweather and climate are different in that weather refers to short term temperature and conditions, whilst climate is a long term measure of such temperature and conditionsThe carbon cycle refers to carbon molecules that remain on different parts of the earth. They can be in the air, in the ocean, or buried underground, and as the passes carbon, the water 'cycle' through the different 'spheres' on the earthgreenhouse gases are gases like carbon dioxide and water vapour that trap solar radiation by forming a 'blanket over the earth. its is due to the that planet earth is warm enough for humans to live on and keeps the temperature hospitable-limit human impact and emissions by reducing number of factories .perhaps changing coal to nuclear energy to limit human carbon output -reducing cloud cover (by less carbon output) . this way the suns radiation can reach the earth and be absorbed in the albedo but not overheat the earth>%$&L r  ) ; a  @dz+Ys 8fTYF@00000079science-attitude-72posttest\L> TYF@00000079science-attitude-62posttest\L> TYF@00000079science-attitude-51posttest\L> TYF@00000079science-attitude-42posttest\L> TYF@00000079science-attitude-32posttest\L> TYF@00000079science-attitude-23posttest\L> TYF@00000079science-attitude-13posttest\L> ףpF@00000077problem_solving_confidence1posttest02p\N ףpF@00000077problem_solving_3@posttest02\H< ףpF@00000077problem_solving_2>@~posttest02\H< ףpF@00000077problem_solving_1@~posttest02\H< F@00000073problem_solving_confidence2posttest02p\N F@00000073problem_solving_3@zposttest02\H< F@00000073problem_solving_26@~posttest02\H< F@00000073problem_solving_1"@~posttest02\H< OzF@00000073climate_knowledge_confidence2posttest01t`R OzF@00000073climate_knowledge_10@zposttest01bNB OzF@00000073climate_knowledge_9posttest01`L@ OzF@00000073climate_knowledge_8posttest01`L@ OzF@00000073climate_knowledge_7posttest01`L@ OzF@00000073climate_knowledge_6@}posttest01`L@ OzF@00000073climate_knowledge_5d@}posttest01`L@ OzF@00000073climate_knowledge_4@}posttest01`L@ OzF@00000073climate_knowledge_3@xposttest01`L@ OzF@00000073climate_knowledge_2 @}posttest01`L@ OzF@00000073climate_knowledge_1@}posttest01`L@ |hF@00000077climate_knowledge_confidence3posttest01t`R |hF@00000077climate_knowledge_102@}posttest01bNB |hF@00000077climate_knowledge_9@}posttest01`L@ |hF@00000077climate_knowledge_8@}posttest01`L@ |hF@00000077climate_knowledge_7@{posttest01`L@ |hF@00000077climate_knowledge_6@{posttest01`L@ |hF@00000077climate_knowledge_5n@{posttest01`L@ |hF@00000077climate_knowledge_4<@{posttest01`L@ |hF@00000077climate_knowledge_3V@{posttest01`L@ |hF@00000077climate_knowledge_2@{posttest01`L@ LVAL 4 ` ljno, the current global climate system seem to be getting warmerwhen the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere is increased due to higher temperatures, the temperature increases further because of the greenhouse effect. This causes more water vapor to be put in the atmosphere and so the temperature rise further , etc.arguably climate is harder to predict because of the elongated time period . when averages change more than they should , past records can be consulted and estimation can be madeto certain extent , weather is very unruly and can be difficult to determine more than a few days in advance. However, patterns can be observed and followed and we can cross-reference them to help us predict weather in certain areas.the carbon cycle is a balanced closed circuit in which carbon on earth moves in processes can take thousands of years or happen relatively fast. the balance of this cycle is essential to life , if carbon overloaded the atmosphere or oceans, catastrophic events could occurgreenhouse gases are gases in the atmosphere that reflect UV rays from the sun that have already been reflected by the earth's surface back to earth. Without them the earth would be dozens of degrees colderthe current global climate system is unstable due to our excessive use of fossil fuels, we cannot be certain what will happen next- hence it is unstable.an example of the 'tragedy of the common' in climate systems could be air pollution-nobody is responsible for 'looking after' the air, which is shared by everyone but owned taken responsibility for by no oneemergent occurs when, individually, parts of climate system (e.g the air molecules in a model) react to its environment and change accordingly, at the micro level, they are not following a particular trend, but a pattern 'emerges' when we view the model/system as a whole - for instance, hot air rising and cool air rushing in to replace it in a a sea breeze|LVAL i think that, like the ants in one of the models, the robots should emit a chemical trail, when they find gold so that others may flock towards it and follow. Then when all gold has been dug up from a certain location, the robots should scatter and continue their exploration until yet mother robot finds gold. This way, the robots should be able to find and dry all the gold on the planet relatively efficiently. i don't think it is possible for a butterfly flapping its wings in Brazil to jiggle the air and help cause snowstorm in Alaska. a snowstorm requires many different climatic factors especially the right temperature, which butterfly cannot affect. secondly, the question refers to 'a butterfly' not many of them, and one butterfly contributing to a snowstorm is highly implausible. Thirdly, even if they could cause snowstorm a butterfly in North America or Canada would be far likely to contribute to its formation than one form Brazil Therefore, i don't think a butterfly in Brazil can help cause snowstorm in Alaskathe robots should send out signal to other robots when they find the gold, as such, robots should go to these signals in order to collect all of the gold. When they pick up a signal saying that the gold has been found, they should automatically follow it , while also emitting same signal so that others also follow and find the gold. To prevent the unnecessary loss robots, they should change direction when they are at the maximum range of communication so that they don't become lost and not be able to communicate with the other robotsNo, the displacement of air would be so miniscule as to hardly be registered at all, let alone cause a snowstorm thousands of kilometers away. if movements that small could conjure extreme weather conditions than they would occur at a startlingly rate than they already do,HLVALb bno, it is a butterfly. it surely does not have the power to cause a snowstorm in Alaska. Unless it is a monstrous butterfly with abnormal powers like being able to cause snowstorms in Alaskawhen you at a single object , ex. birds , it appears they are just flying around randomly but when you observe the flock of birds you can see a pattern emerge.the amount of carbon in the atmosphere and the amount of carbon i the earth. the overall amount of carbons stays the same but the amount in the sky and in the ground mirror each other while keeping an overall constant amount. ex, if the amount of carbon in the atmosphere increases the amount of carbon in the ground will decrease , vice versathey are different . weather is the temperature of a certain day while climate is the average temperature over a long period of timeGreenhouse gases are gases trapped in the earth's surface and cause the surface to heat up. they are important because they affect the global climate and be a contributing factor to the global warming*Because excessive use of fossil fuels creates using temperatures we should place restrictions on the amount of fossil fuels being burnt. *To prevent the 'tragedy of the commons' from developing further, we should allow countries to divide the commons so they are each responsible fro owning and maintaining parts of the ocean and atmosphere/air *we should establish more weather observation stations to observe and predict long term climate changes *we should create a worlwide tax on carbon *we should observe long term climate changes/trends to see if any emergent properties appear. LVAL Let all the robots roam in a small confined area of the planet so that they are all within range to communicate with each other. If they can't find gold in that area and continue until they find gold. once one of them does find gold it should communicate to the other robots so they can all dig for the gold together and go back to the spaceship once their bins are full and empty them , then go back and collect more. And so on. Once all the gold has been found in that area they should restart the procedure in another area. YaccoN Y { Y d Y Y  Y  dusernamequestion answerdate_entered pageIDl|ce_: | itt YYYY answerdate_entered pageIDPRIMARY@@@@@     LVALDSN=vworlds;DESCRIPTION=vworlds;SERVER=mysql.science.mq.edu.au;UID=vworlds_admin;PWD=v266w367;DATABASE=vworlds;PORT=3306"YN Y  Y z?d Y Y  Y dusernamequestion answerdate_entered pageIDv1 $  &2n%6 [  h  m | 3 D i z1:SX ]v{. 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Jp=@4299538129bposttest02@, Jp=@4299538128aposttest02@, Jp=@4299538127aposttest02@, Εp=@428339932confidence64posttest04T@2 Εp=@42833993215b~TEXTd@"posttest04L8, Εp=@42833993215aaposttest04D0" \yp=@428339932confidence53posttest03T@2 \yp=@42833993214~TEXTd@!posttest03J6* ߼p=@436822031confidence43posttest02T@2 2Hm v )  6 G X  } ENWh0Ufw.gE=@431681129confidence13posttestP@2 gE=@4316811293bposttest<, gE=@4316811292aposttest<, gE=@4316811291bposttest<, 7Ũ=@438550291confidence12posttestP@2 7Ũ=@4385502913cposttest<, 7Ũ=@4385502912dposttest<, 7Ũ=@4385502911bposttest<, )QΠ=@433034848confidence13posttestP@2 )QΠ=@4330348483cposttest<, )QΠ=@4330348482aposttest<, )QΠ=@4330348481aposttest<, >T=@435269079confidence12posttestP@2 >T=@4352690793cposttest<, >T=@4352690792cposttest<, >T=@4352690791aposttest<, v<=@434788218confidence12posttestP@2 v<=@4347882183cposttest<, v<=@4347882182aposttest<, v<=@4347882181aposttest<, v<=@434787840confidence24posttest01T@2 v<=@4347878406dposttest01@, v<=@4347878405aposttest01@, v<=@4347878404cposttest01@, # =@434146721confidence14posttestP@2 # =@4341467213cposttest<, # =@4341467212aposttest<, # =@4341467211aposttest<, :W=@433040422confidence13posttestP@2 :W=@4330404223cposttest<, :W=@4330404222cposttest<, :W=@4330404221aposttest<, v=@433035470confidence13posttestP@2 v=@4330354703cposttest<, v=@4330354702aposttest<, v=@4330354701aposttest<, N=@434787840confidence14posttestP@2 N=@4347878403cposttest<, N=@4347878402dposttest<, N=@4347878401dposttest<, x=@433805755confidence23posttest01T@2 x=@4338057556dposttest01@, x=@4338057555aposttest01@, x=@4338057554cposttest01@, 폳=@433805755confidence13posttestP@2 폳=@4338057553cposttest<, 폳=@4338057552aposttest<, 폳=@4338057551aposttest<, TYp=@436822031confidence53posttest03T@2 TYp=@43682203114~TEXTd@%posttest03J6* F0fk p # ( M V [  `y~16KDINW=@4316811296dposttest01@, W=@4316811295bposttest01@, W=@4316811294cposttest01@, ͫ=@432088936confidence23posttest01T@2 ͫ=@4320889366cposttest01@, ͫ=@4320889365aposttest01@, ͫ=@4320889364bposttest01@, J=@433805755confidence44posttest02T@2 J=@43380575513~TEXTd@posttest02J6* J=@433805755confidence33posttest02T@2 J=@43380575512bposttest02B.  J=@43380575511cposttest02B.  J=@43380575510bposttest02B.  J=@4338057559aposttest02@, J=@4338057558bposttest02@, J=@4338057557dposttest02@,  =@438550291confidence22posttest01T@2  =@4385502916dposttest01@,  =@4385502915aposttest01@,  =@4385502914cposttest01@, f|詳=@434788218confidence24posttest01T@2 f|詳=@4347882186dposttest01@, f|詳=@4347882185aposttest01@, f|詳=@4347882184cposttest01@,  =@435269079confidence23posttest01T@2  =@4352690796dposttest01@,  =@4352690795bposttest01@,  =@4352690794cposttest01@, 񡧳=@433034848confidence24posttest01T@2 񡧳=@4330348486dposttest01@, 񡧳=@4330348485aposttest01@, 񡧳=@4330348484cposttest01@, s=@432088936confidence13posttestP@2 s=@4320889363bposttest<, s=@4320889362bposttest<, s=@4320889361bposttest<, 6*=@433040422confidence23posttest01T@2 6*=@4330404226cposttest01@, 6*=@4330404225dposttest01@, 6*=@4330404224cposttest01@, 8=@433035470confidence23posttest01T@2 8=@4330354706bposttest01@, 8=@4330354705dposttest01@, 8=@4330354704cposttest01@, ϕ=@434146721confidence24posttest01T@2 ϕ=@4341467216dposttest01@, ϕ=@4341467215aposttest01@, ϕ=@4341467214cposttest01@, LVAL&8p  D |  P $ \ 0h<tHT(Aim: To determine if sunlight causes a human's braHaving faster cars on a narrow road could cause moAim: To found out if Joan's ideas will work out acaim: To see what causes the brain to wake up in thIt lets peope drive fast to places but still be saI strongly agree as the traffic moves faster and iI believe that it was an unreasonable idea to painallows traffic to move more fluently and efficientI agree that it weas the best decision at it helpeTitle: Variable of waking up Aim: TO investigate Aim: To test if animal populations in Omosa are deaim: to test if deciding about what time to wake uget two people to go to bed at the same time. HoweTitle: Human Alam Clock Aim: To see if people canTitle: Alarming light Aim: To test if light from 1.Lane lines help people determine where on the roTitle: Animal population in Omosa Aim: To determiAim: to determine whether people can wake up by seAim: To found out why the animal population in OmoIf the traffic keeps nearer to the edge of the roa1. Use fire stick farming to burn some of the grasaim: to test why animal populations in omosa may bput a tracker on the animals in omosa then find deTitle: Decline Aim: To test why animal populationEquipment: 2 people, 2 rooms with beds, alarm clocTitle: Animals in Decline Aim: To see why animal If the traffic is faster then thats important and Because if the traffic moves quicker it will make The reason why I think that they shouldn't be placAim: Determine why animal population in Omosa has If this puts people in more danger than they were Place a person in a contained environment with no I think that light will wake people up utomaticallThe population od various animals in Omosa may be 1. Select 6 people to perform this test 2.make eaExamine the effects of removal of the food sourcesTo grab all the possibilities and then test each iI think the drought is causing he nimal population80V g 1 2 z - 2 W `u&n s&n s&98E.=@4298323063bposttest<, E.=@4298323062dposttest<, E.=@4298323061dposttest<, a=@43304042213~TEXTposttest02J6* a=@433040422confidence33posttest02T@2 a=@43304042212aposttest02B.  a=@43304042211dposttest02B.  a=@43304042210bposttest02B.  a=@4330404229bposttest02@, a=@4330404228bposttest02@, a=@4330404227dposttest02@, 5=@434787840confidence53posttest03T@2 5=@43478784014~TEXTd@posttest03J6* 0=@435293352confidence24posttest01T@2 0=@4352933526aposttest01@, 0=@4352933525dposttest01@, 0=@4352933524cposttest01@, ؍=@433035470confidence43posttest02T@2 ؍=@43303547013~TEXTd@posttest02J6* ؍=@433035470confidence33posttest02T@2 ؍=@43303547012cposttest02B.  ؍=@43303547011dposttest02B.  ؍=@43303547010dposttest02B.  ؍=@4330354709dposttest02@, ؍=@4330354708bposttest02@, ؍=@4330354707dposttest02@, \µ=@435293352confidence13posttestP@2 \µ=@4352933523cposttest<, \µ=@4352933522bposttest<, \µ=@4352933521dposttest<,  %=@428349661confidence23posttest01T@2  %=@4283496616bposttest01@,  %=@4283496615aposttest01@,  %=@4283496614cposttest01@, =@434787840confidence43posttest02T@2 =@43478784013~TEXTd@posttest02J6* =@434787840confidence33posttest02T@2 =@43478784012dposttest02B.  =@43478784011dposttest02B.  =@43478784010bposttest02B.  =@4347878409aposttest02@, =@4347878408bposttest02@, =@4347878407dposttest02@, :=@428349661confidence12posttestP@2 :=@4283496613bposttest<, :=@4283496612dposttest<, :=@4283496611bposttest<, W=@431681129confidence23posttest01T@2 )/V m n  i  P E ^  qX k~/DI>3'}ҳ=@43303547017cposttest05B.  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X=@435269079confidence63posttest04T@2 X=@43526907915b~TEXTd@posttest04L8, X=@43526907915abposttest04D0" 8=@435293352confidence43posttest02T@2 8=@43529335213~TEXTd@posttest02J6* 8=@435293352confidence32posttest02T@2 8=@43529335212dposttest02B.  8=@43529335211cposttest02B.  8=@43529335210bposttest02B.  8=@4352933529bposttest02@, 8=@4352933528bposttest02@, 8=@4352933527aposttest02@, ϕ=@43304042224cposttest05B.  1NE X k  ; F Y l0CVu,~%w*|+qߦ=@434788218confidence63posttest04T@2 ߦ=@43478821815b~TEXTd@!posttest04L8, ߦ=@43478821815abposttest04D0" $=@434029139confidence23posttest01T@2 $=@4340291396dposttest01@, $=@4340291395aposttest01@, $=@4340291394cposttest01@, N&=@435293352confidence62posttest04T@2 N&=@43529335215b~TEXTd@ posttest04L8, N&=@43529335215abposttest04D0" ==@429686113confidence12posttestP@2 ==@4296861133bposttest<, ==@4296861132bposttest<, ==@4296861131aposttest<, >=@42834966124dposttest05B.  >=@42834966123dposttest05B.  >=@42834966122cposttest05B.  >=@42834966121cposttest05B.  >=@42834966120dposttest05B.  >=@42834966119dposttest05B.  >=@42834966118cposttest05B.  >=@42834966117cposttest05B.  >=@42834966116dposttest05B.  ,=@43168112924bposttest05B.  ,=@43168112923cposttest05B.  ,=@43168112922cposttest05B.  ,=@43168112921bposttest05B.  ,=@43168112920cposttest05B.  ,=@43168112919cposttest05B.  ,=@43168112918bposttest05B.  ,=@43168112917bposttest05B.  ,=@43168112916cposttest05B.  =@434029139confidence13posttestP@2 =@4340291393cposttest<, =@4340291392aposttest<, =@4340291391aposttest<, P=@43855029124cposttest05B.  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E.€;@433035470pretest-confidence42pretest03bPB E.€;@433035470pretest-13@pretest03N<0 ot;@434205557pretest-confidence23pretest01bPB ot;@434205557pretest-6bpretest01N<. ot;@434205557pretest-5cpretest01N<. ot;@434205557pretest-4bpretest01N<. }'};@433034848pretest-confidence33pretest02bPB }'};@433034848pretest-12bpretest02P>0 }'};@433034848pretest-11apretest02P>0 }'};@433034848pretest-10bpretest02P>0 }'};@433034848pretest-9apretest02N<. }'};@433034848pretest-7dpretest02N<. p^M|;@429832306pretest-confidence22pretest01bPB p^M|;@429832306pretest-6dpretest01N<. p^M|;@429832306pretest-5cpretest01N<. p^M|;@429832306pretest-4cpretest01N<. Hy;@432765024pretest-confidence32pretest02bPB Hy;@432765024pretest-12cpretest02P>0 Hy;@432765024pretest-11cpretest02P>0 LVALXz $ `Because it could potentially stop traffic an dangerous drivingAim- To see if granite affects plant growth Hypothesis- I think it will affect the growth Materials- Plant sample, granite, pot, soil 1. Collect samples of the granite and and the crops 2. Put crops in pot of soil and place granite in pot also 3. Observe hourly and record resultsAim: To find weather granite dust would afect the farmers produce Hypothesis: The granite dust will poison the plants and render them unusable Materials: 1xsmaple of granite dust 1x produce from the feild still in the soil Method: 1. Collect a sample of the granite dust that was to be put on the farm 2.select some of the produce from that farm still in its soil 3.Put the granite dust on the plant and check every day for a week wheather the produce was still growing, poisoned or stopped growing Dust or No Dust Aim: To see whether granite dust effects the growth of plants. Materials: -2 pots -granite dust -two plants (of the same species) -ruler -water Method: 1. Place two plants in pots, and add identical amounts of soil. 2. place granite dust on top of ONE of the plants. 3. Give both plants each necessity they need, equally. i.e water, sunlight. 4. Record every day with a ruler how tall each plant has grown.My reasons for disagreeing is that not all roads are the same. HIghway lanes are different to surburban streets, therefore requiring different circumstances of lane lines.Aim: To find if storing granite on farms affects their produce Materieals: 2 Farms, Seeds, Granite Method: 1. Plant seeds in both the farms 2. Place ganite in one farm 3. When the crops are ready, observe if there are any differences Experiment: Store two buckets of soil in sunlight, both with seeds and place a small quantity of granite dust in one. 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Equipment: fresh fruits/vegetables, granite dust, beaker, timer/clock Method: 1. Place frsh produce in beaker 2. Pour granite dust on top 3. Place beaker outside into open sunlight 4. Begin using the clock and wait until the fresh produe begins to take on effect from the granite dust 5. Observe and test how long it took for the frsh produce to be effected 6. Repeat steps 1-5 three times for fair test Results table: Graph: Conclusion:Aim: To test if granite dust badly affects plant growth. Materials: Plant seeds x2, soil, granite dust, 1L+ containers x2 Method: 1) Fill both containers with soil and plant the seeds in them. 2) Water both the plants and sprinkle granite dust on one. We will call the un-granited plant 'A' and the granited plant 'B'. 3) Repeat step 2 every day for 2 weeks. 4) Record the height of both the plants.I believe that the roads should be lined, as they increase the movement of traffic on the road, allowing for less conjestion and traffic jams. Also all the cars keep nearer to the edges of road, allowing for more cars to fit in to the space of roadAim: To find out if granite dust affects plant growth. Materials: granite dust, plant Method: 1) Put some granite dust on a plant 2) Leave the plant for few hours 3) After few hours check if the plant looks different 4) Put the plant in water and see if the water colour changes 5) Record if granite dust affects plantBecause the traffic moves quicker, the road is more efficent and gets people to where they need to be faster. 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Get the farmers to plant their vegetles and fruit 2. Place the granite piles next to the farm 3. Wait until the produce finishes growing 4. Test the produce for any contaminationThis will be more dangerous since the vehicles will have a higher chance of: 1. crushing the pathway. (closer to edges of road) 2. crushing pedestrians. (closer to edges of road) 2. crushing other vehicles (higher speed)I agree to painting lines on the narrow roads because it would be more clear for drivers and as it was more safer to have lane lines than no lane lines.Method: 1. Fill granite dust in three cups of the same size. 2. Pour them on three different vegetables and fruits. 3. Observe for 7 days and record the result. 4. Repeat step 1 to 3 three more times. Aim: To find if granite dust would pollute the farmer's produce. Materials: Granite dust, two medium-sized plant pots, soil, 6 lettuce seeds, water, 200ml beaker. Method: 1. Divide the soil into two equal parts. 2. Mix granite dust into one of the parts of soil and put them both into seperate pots 3. Plant 3 letuce seeds in each pot and place them where they will recieve equal amounts of sunlight 4. Twice a day for 2 weeks, fill the 200ml beaker with water and water the plants. 5. Observe the two kinds of lettuce under a microscope to see if they are infected.if the lines once painted in caused more dangerous driving then tehy should not be painted in. If there is more chance of damage to life then lines are not a good idea Although the traffic was already dangerous the lines only made it worseaim: To see if granite dust would affect plant growth materials:seed of fruit,granite dust,soil method: 1. 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[Ì;@434789494pretest-confidence43pretest03bPB [Ì;@434789494pretest-13@pretest03N<0 ;@434029139pretest-confidence54pretest04bPB ;@434029139pretest-14b@pretest04P>2 ;@434029139pretest-14abpretest04R@2 [Ƽ;@432765024pretest-234pretest05P>0 [Ƽ;@432765024pretest-223pretest05P>0 [Ƽ;@432765024pretest-213pretest05P>0 [Ƽ;@432765024pretest-204pretest05P>0 [Ƽ;@432765024pretest-193pretest05P>0 [Ƽ;@432765024pretest-183pretest05P>0 [Ƽ;@432765024pretest-173pretest05P>0 [Ƽ;@432765024pretest-163pretest05P>0 [Ƽ;@432765024pretest-153pretest05P>0 ;@432765024pretest-confidence52pretest04bPB ;@432765024pretest-14b0@pretest04P>2 ;@432765024pretest-14abpretest04R@2 9;@434206685pretest-confidence44pretest03bPB 9;@434206685pretest-13@pretest03N<0 + ;@438550291pretest-confidence14pretest^PB + ;@438550291pretest-3cpretestJ<. + ;@438550291pretest-2dpretestJ<. \µ;@434787840pretest-233pretest05P>0 \µ;@434787840pretest-223pretest05P>0 LVAL~ NI disagree because if the lines were painted people would be more careless of where they are driving because they think it is 'safe' just because of th lines. I think that if they were not drawn people would be more careful of where they are driving and would it may prevent more crashes or dangerous situations.aim: to test for granite in the farmers produce. materials: farmers produce,granite. hypothesis:I think there will be granite in the farmers produce. method: 1.Having faster cars on a narrow road is dangerous as the room for moving is less. Having traffic nearer to the edges of the road with speeding cars will make the chance of an accident more.When the traffic keeps nearer to the road, the risk of an accident will be greatly increased. This combined with the higher speed of the cars will create an overall less safe environment on narrow roads.I disagree because the purpose of lane lines was to decrease the speed of traffic and make vehicles more inline and a specific distance away from each other and the road so it would be safer. As the results show, the lane lines instead caused traffic speed to increase, positioning of vehicles too close to the edge meaning it would be more dangerous for pedestrians and the distance giving no change meaning that there is no decreasing risk of crashing or any other close encounter accidents.Granite and Plants Aim: To find out if Granite dust effects the growth of plants. Hypothesis: I think the Granite dust will effect the plants because the dust may cause the plant to stop growing. 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Title 2.Aim 3.Diagram 4.hypothesis 5.Method 6.Equipment 7.Results 8.Conclusion1)Title 2)Aim 3)Method 4)Hypothesis 5)Equipment 6)Diagram 7)Results 8)Conclusiontitle: aim: diagram: hypothesis:I strongly disagree with the postion the cars must go through. With an increase of traffic, narrow roads, accidents are more likely to occur when changing lanes. I agree with painting the narrow roads as drivers cna find it easier to drive without the fear of hitting other objects.Grow a plant with normal soil and soil with granite in it and measure it every day to deermine its growth.get two plants and put one plant with granite dust and see which plant grows the most deciding which plant grows the most. 1. collect equpment 2. plant two plants separate from each other with one next to granite and one without 3. record the resultsTitle: Testing food for contamination Aim: To investigate whether granite will ffect and contaminate the growth of plants Equipment: *vegetable *fruits *granite dust *soil patch Method: 1. Plant 2 sets of crops, but one with granite dust and the other normally 2. Water plants equally 3. Check on the crops every day 4. Observe any differences between two different crops 5. After growth takes plant, observe and cut up to notice any growth differences Results: Granite dusted plants affected growth Normal plants gew karger than granite dusted ones Conclusion: The King was wrong as the experiment showed that the granite dusted crops did not grow as arge or better as the nomal growing plants.materials: granite dust,farmers soil, test tube, universal indicator, white powder step 1: collect farmer produce step 2: take sample from farmers soil and place in test tube step 3: add granite dust into the test tube step 4: add white powder into the test tube step 5: add universal indicator step 6: shake and test PH levelG):! 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B;@434788218pretest-5bpretest01N<. B;@434788218pretest-4cpretest01N<. ;@432836134pretest-confidence43pretest03bPB ;@432836134pretest-13@pretest03N<0 |;@434788927pretest-confidence43pretest03bPB |;@434788927pretest-13@pretest03N<0 7;@434788218pretest-confidence12pretest^PB 7;@434788218pretest-3cpretestJ<. 7;@434788218pretest-2dpretestJ<. 7;@434788218pretest-1bpretestJ<. 8;@435293352pretest-confidence42pretest03bPB ZLVAL tBecause the traffic will be quick and does not change.Th traffic keeps near edges of the road.The road are better if they are narrow lines.I agree because traffic congestion is a big problem in all developed countries around the world. The speed of the traffic may be faster and the distance to the side of the road may be closer but that is a small price to pay for the reduction of accidents.i agreee to put lines in the middle of the road because that it will make the traffic move faster which will help people not to be lateNo because it would be a waste of time and money to get to all the lanes. If people do hit the sides of the narrow roads its their fault for not paying attention to the width of the roadAim: To discover whether granite dust will affect the growth of fruits and vegetables. Materials: Fruits, Vegetables, Granite Method: 1.Place produce in areas with granite and without granite. 2. Observe differences in samples of produce. Results: Gran Conclusion: From this experiment, we can see that granite dust does not affect produce when placed near it.Granite and Farming Aim: To test if granite in soil affects plant growth Hypothesus: I am not sure whether granite particles will affect plant growth Equipment: -2x Cups -10x Basil Seeds -1.4L Water -1x Ruler -Sunlight -250g Soil -250g Soil and Granite mixture Method: 1) Empty 250g of Soil into one cup 2) Empty 250g of Soil and Granite Mixture into other cup 3) Place 5 Basil Seeds into the cup 4) Pour 100mL of Water into each cup 5) Reapeat step 4 once a day for a week 6) Measure length of Basil Stems Diagram: \____/ -----Cup \__/------Soil Results: Cup With Granite+Soil Cup without Granite+Soil ________________________|_______________________ Length 25mm | 30mm ________________________|_______________________ Conclusion: Through this experiment i learnt that granite does affect plant growthM)4z c  L ! g P 9&nE^3g  ;@431681129pretest-172pretest05P>0  ;@431681129pretest-162pretest05P>0  ;@431681129pretest-153pretest05P>0 ';@434205557pretest-confidence53pretest04bPB ';@434205557pretest-14b@pretest04P>2 ';@434205557pretest-14aapretest04R@2 Πȅ;@435293352pretest-confidence53pretest04bPB Πȅ;@435293352pretest-14b@pretest04P>2 Πȅ;@435293352pretest-14abpretest04R@2 -́;@431681129pretest-confidence53pretest04bPB -́;@431681129pretest-14b@pretest04P>2 -́;@431681129pretest-14abpretest04R@2 Z{;@434788218pretest-confidence32pretest02bPB Z{;@434788218pretest-12bpretest02P>0 Z{;@434788218pretest-11apretest02P>0 Z{;@434788218pretest-10dpretest02P>0 Z{;@434788218pretest-9apretest02N<. 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Aim: To find if granite dust pollutes plant growth. Hypothesis: I think granite dust will distrupt plant growth. Materials: 50g granite dust, 50g apple, 1 bowl. Method: 1. Place a 50g apple and 50g of granite dust together in a bowl. 2. Wait for 4 - 5 days to see if growth occurs. Conclusion: Nurturing plants can't compensate with growth when granite dust overcomes it.Aim: Founding the proof of the granite dust and plant growth Materials: granite dust, construction materials, vegetables and fresh produce Method: 1.To found out if the granite dust would pollute their fruits and vegetables 2.Found the piling of granite in the farms 3. Prepare the shortage of construction materials 4.Add the granite dust 5.Found proof for the granite dust Conclusion : The shortage of the construction materials were part of the country's strategy to prepare.People will be able to move faster without thinking they will crash into someone else It is more safe people will not drive on the middle of the roadTitle:Plant Destroyed by Dust? Aim: To see if the granite dust would affect the plants. Material: Granite dust, 2 pot plants Method: 1. Place the one pot plant in a closed area filled with granite dust. 2. Place another pot plant in a clean room. 3. Check daily to see if the plants have any changes. 4. Compare the changes. i disagree with this decision due to the fact that crashes can result when cars are too close to the edges of the roads. also people may have nowhere to walk if all the cars are really close to the edge of the road.Painting the lines on narrow roads improved Traffic as the traffic moves more faster, keeps the traffic near edges which prevents car crashed and assuming the distance was good before these are positive imorovements. This was the best decision as it makes the lanes clearer and allows people to stay in the correct lane. 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I think weather and climate are different but I'm not sure how. A carbon cycle is a cycle of carbon circling around in the air.Tragedy of commons is when an abnormality happens in a climate system.Weather can be predicted, but only to an extent of a day or two before. This is because Earth's weather patterns are erratic.Greenhouse gases are gases that exist within the atmosphere. They can be a problem if there is too much.climate can be predicted i don't know howcarbon cycle is the cycle where fossils are buried for thousands of years and then burnt up to become carbon gases in the airFossil fuels. The burning of fossil fuels emerge into the atmosphere which causes climate change.The dynamic things that contibute to climate on the earth.When we receive feedback from the climate.yes, to some extent weather can be predicted.Weather and climate are different. The carbon cycle is when waste decomposes and releases it's carbon into the atmosphere.I honestly have no idea. Is it when something in the climate is equal with something else?Feedback in a climate system is when a climatic pattern reoccurs in an area.Yes, as climate defines the long term state of a state/country and is not quite as changable as weather.For example, the releasing of CFC's into the atmosphere, causing the holes in the ozone laer to grow bigger.Climate cannot be predicted as it does not change, climate is a characteristic of a particular location.Weather can be predicted, by using satellite technology however can only be predicted a few days in advanceNo, human activity has contributed to more greenhouse gases (burning carbon) and destroying the ozone layer (CFCs), which heats up the earth. This continues in a cycle and gets worse. ׽wwmw}  $8 R |  ; e r /YBl?iWlB@00000022climate_knowledge_5@pretest02^L@ WlB@00000022climate_knowledge_4@pretest02^L@ WlB@00000022climate_knowledge_3@pretest02^L@ WlB@00000022climate_knowledge_2pretest02^L@ WlB@00000022climate_knowledge_1@pretest02^L@ WlB@00000024climate_knowledge_confidence2pretest02r`R WlB@00000024climate_knowledge_10@pretest02`NB WlB@00000024climate_knowledge_9@pretest02^L@ WlB@00000024climate_knowledge_8pretest02^L@ WlB@00000024climate_knowledge_7pretest02^L@ WlB@00000024climate_knowledge_62@pretest02^L@ WlB@00000024climate_knowledge_5@pretest02^L@ WlB@00000024climate_knowledge_4@pretest02^L@ WlB@00000024climate_knowledge_3@pretest02^L@ WlB@00000024climate_knowledge_2@pretest02^L@ WlB@00000024climate_knowledge_1>@pretest02^L@ ,ŒlB@00000030problem_solving_confidence2pretest03n\N ,ŒlB@00000030problem_solving_1@pretest03ZH< ]nlB@00000004problem_solving_confidence3pretest03n\N ]nlB@00000004problem_solving_1 @pretest03ZH<  lB@00000005climate_knowledge_confidence2pretest02r`R  lB@00000005climate_knowledge_10sure if you want it to bepretest02{iB  lB@00000005climate_knowledge_9pretest02^L@  lB@00000005climate_knowledge_8pretest02^L@  lB@00000005climate_knowledge_7pretest02^L@  lB@00000005climate_knowledge_6pretest02^L@  lB@00000005climate_knowledge_52@pretest02^L@  lB@00000005climate_knowledge_4@pretest02^L@  lB@00000005climate_knowledge_3@pretest02^L@  lB@00000005climate_knowledge_2t@pretest02^L@  lB@00000005climate_knowledge_1t@pretest02^L@ CpHlB@00000016problem_solving_confidence1pretest03n\N CpHlB@00000016problem_solving_1@pretest03ZH< p=lB@00000010problem_solving_confidence2pretest03n\N p=lB@00000010problem_solving_1@pretest03ZH< fq'lB@00000003climate_knowledge_confidence1pretest02r`R I(BBD@?T" @a6LVALB$P,No, due the large quantities of greenhouse gases emitted, making it warmer thus changing the climateExtinction of animals and species :DHave no idea, maybe the evolving of some animalsWilder weather, hotter climates, melting of the icecapsYes but to an extent. You can see the changes in climate and predict the changes in the graph.Yes but to an extent. You can see the weather patterns and predict how it would be in a couple of days. Climate is the average term of the weather around a large area while weather is just from day to day.no butterflies can't do anything they have no powerproperties that are emergent occur in climate systemsequilibriums that are dynamic occur in climate systemsWeather and climate are different. Weather is a short-term occurence while climate is the general weather patterns of an area.More droughts for more floods, because these even each-other out. (I honestly have no idea)No. Climate change will cause more cyclones, tornadoes, a hotter climate, rising sea levels. It isn't possible for a butterfly in brazil flapping its wings to trigger a snowstorm in Alaska - however, the butterfly flapping its wings could jiggle the air, leading to other things which would get progressively bigger and bigger, leading to the snowstorm in Alaska. By itself, the wing movement of a butterfly is too small of an action to directly cause a snowstorm in another continent. It is the fact that this wing movement then causes other, more significant consequences that eventually leads to the snowstorm. Also, because there is more than just one butterfly flapping its wings in Brazil, this means that the consequences are larger than if there was a single butterfly. All in all, it's similar to a domino effect - the initial small movement of the butterfly in Brazil leads to the air jiggling, which leads to other larger things, eventually leading to a snow storm in Alaska.LVALJ L V:Fl*|Weather can be predicted in a week in advance, but not any further because the atmosphere changes very rapidly.The carbon cycle is aimed at recycling carbon so it can be used again and againGrennhouse gases are natural gases emitted from the Earth. They help keep the gases in the Earth at stable levels.I don't know what the carbon cycle is.Yes, with trends in data collected from the past.With the use of barometers, yes. Trees take carbon dioxide and convert it to oxygen.Yes because climate can be gathered from the past results.No weather is the temperature and conditions at one particular place at one time whereas climate is the long term weather.Carbon dioxide being either absorbed by the ocean or converted to oxygen by the trees.No necessarily. Since climate occurs over a long period of time, it is harder to predict the climate.It's not very stable because its gradually warming and the temperature is going up.Global warming is a 'tragedy of the commons'The ermergent properties in climate systems are properties that are ermergent. Dynamic equilibrium is dramatic changes in the climate. Feedback is the different changes we notice with our climate changing. The theory that a butterfly flapping it's wings in Brazil can cause a snowstorm in Alaska highly unlikely, but not impossible. A single butterfly would not be able to achieve this effect. However, the butterfly flapping it's wings could progressively lead to other, much bigger effects, which could potential cause the snowstorm in Alaska. Alone, a single butterfly beating it's wings would not make much difference to the air surrounding it. However, like a domino effect, the butterfly flapping it's wings could lead to something else like other butterflies flapping their wings and caushing leaves to fall onto the ground. With all these things built up, there is a small cance that the snowstorm in Alaska is a possibility.LVAL X Granite Experiment Hypothesis: I think that the granite will pollute all of the produce. I think that this is because granite can be a hazardous material that can poison easily if ingested or otherwise consumed. Method: Expose the fruit and vegetables to the granite and moniter the produce conditions over the next few weeks. Results: The granite polluted all of the produce. Experiment: hypothesis: Get all the samples from the farm and test them Method: Test The samples and create a graph Result: Whatever it says on the graph Equipment: microscope slide dye samples of vegetables grown by the farmers Method: 1. place a small sample of one of the vegetables on a slide 2. put 1-2 drops of dye on the vegetable sample 3. place the slide in the microscope 4. adjust the focus of the microscope 5. If you see granite dust on the vegetables it has obviously been affected 6. Repeat steps 1-5 for some more types of vegetableI agree with this because firstly it allows drivers and other pedastrians to see clearly, secondly, Lines are there beacause it allows the motorists to drive more safely as they can see where their lane is, and finally, lines should be drawn because it looks cool on the road and make it more neat.Title: Granite-dust plants Aim: To find out if granite dust effects plant growth. Hypothesis: I think granite dust does not affect the plant growth. 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LVAL   The farmers could start a new farm or the granite could be moved to a different location I disagree because the speed is an issue. The speed is an issue because the cars are going faster therefore making more dangerous. I also think that the position is dangerous because the sidewalkers could get hit by the cars because the cars are nearer to the road. Aim: To see if granite dust affects the crops Equiptment: 2 Pots, Some soil, Seeds, Granite, Method: 1. fill each pot with the same amount of soil and the same amoun of seeds in each pot 2.Water them daily and make sure they both have the same amount of sunlight 3.Once both crops are fully grown you can see the difference of taste the difference between the 2 Hypothesis: I think the crops grown without the granite would be grown in better conditions and wont be contaminated like the ones with the granite testing for contamination to test fruit and vegetables for contamination method 1.expose vegetable to granite dust 2.test for contamination 3.record results 4.do steps 1 to 2 again with different vegetables 5.record results 6.do steps 1, 2 and 4 7.record resultsaim: to see weather the granite will effect the vegertables are mutated hypothsis: i think the granite will effect the vegtables because its radioactive. materials: - granite - vegtables -10 square m of dirt for vegtables method step one: expose vegtables to grainte to see weather the vegtables are contaminated by granite. The farmer claims that the granite dust would pollute their fruits and vegtable because the minister decides to store the granite in their farms, the minister explained that the piling of granite in the farms was part of the country's strategy to prepare for any shortage of cinstruction material. the farmer explains that the granite dust would damge the fruits and vegtable due from the granites dust~LVAL d6 R$>get the friut and vegetbles on a table and cover them with to dust and observeSome cars may be too big to fit on their side of the road. They would be charged a fee just for having a large car.If the lines were painted on all narrow roads, some people might get confused about where to go or whether they should stay in the lines or whether they should drive like they normally would.I think it is good to get painted roads because peope have their ways and i think it would make cars more organised such as people staying in their own lanes and pathways and so forth.I think it is good to get painted roads because people have their ways and i think it would make cars more organised such as people staying in their own lanes and pathways and so forth.i think it is good to get painted roads because people have their ways and i think it would make cars more organised such people staying in their own lanes and pathways and so forthi agree because it was smart and because IM BATMANYou need lines on the road because it makes you drive faster and its important to be able to drive as fast as you like incase you're late to some place.I disagree because speed increase and the closing distance to the edge of the road will inevitably cause more accidents. I believe that Peter should have put speed signs up, indicating a a decrease in speed is needed. I believe the results do not show that lane lines should be painted on all narrow roads. The results say that with lines painted the cars on the road increased in speed which is a negative change. The results also say that the traffic is closer to the edge of a road which on a narrow road is a positive change. The other thing the results show is that the cars still go the same distance apart which is, with the increased speed, negative. 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Hypothesis: I think that granite dust will make the fruit and vegetables dirty but not polluted. Equpitment needed: -Bucket of fruit and vegetables -Bucket of granite -Table Steps 1)Empty fruit and vegetables onto table 2)Empty granite next to fruit andvegetables on table allowing dust to cover them 3)Once fruit and vegetables are covered in dust, observe granite farm sickness test aim:to find out if the granite could affect the farmers produce and make the produce unhealthy what you need: .2x test tubes .beaker .dropper method: conclusion:To test this experimenti would keep a pile of granite near some crops for a couple of days. I would also have some normal crops growing and harvest those. I would conduct a test on both crops and see the difference between them. They would require th same amount of sunlight and water. *F/ w  N 7 } h =qZC.xa6l~;@433040198pretest-7dpretest02N<. 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Take two samples of fruit and vegetables, one from a site where there is no granite rock and one from a site that has granite rock. 2. Test the quality of the fruit and vegetables. If there is no change in quality the granite hasnt affected the fruit and vegetable. And if there is a changge in quality you now know the granite is directly affected the fruit and vegetable. I agree to this decision they made because if all the narrow roads move faster they will cause less traffic for the city. ive already done this with my partner on a different accountAim : To find out if the pilling of granite would affect the farmers produce and to find out if the Minister of Land is lying. Hypothesis : The pilling of granite WILL affect the farmers produce. i already did this with my partnerIt was a good idea so lanes dont collide and and cars dont accidedentally crash into each toher. 1) title 2) aim 3) hypothisis 4)equipment 5)method 6)graph 7)results 8)conclusion The reason for why I agree is because even if it didn't exactly change the way the traffic flows, it was worth the try to just see if it would do anything. Step 1) Collect fruit, vegetables, granite and two containers. Step 2) Place half of the fruit and vegetables into a container with the granite and put the lid on. Step 3) Place the other half of the fruit and vegetables in the second container and put the lid on it. 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F ۳=@434027161pretest-233pretest05P>0 F ۳=@434027161pretest-222pretest05P>0 F ۳=@434027161pretest-213pretest05P>0 F ۳=@434027161pretest-203pretest05P>0 F ۳=@434027161pretest-192pretest05P>0 F ۳=@434027161pretest-183pretest05P>0 F ۳=@434027161pretest-172pretest05P>0 F ۳=@434027161pretest-163pretest05P>0 F ۳=@434027161pretest-154pretest05P>0 UUUճ=@434027161pretest-confidence53pretest04bPB UUUճ=@434027161pretest-14b@ pretest04P>2 UUUճ=@434027161pretest-14abpretest04R@2 ʳ=@434027161pretest-confidence43pretest03bPB ʳ=@434027161pretest-13@ pretest03N<0 =@434027161pretest-confidence33pretest02bPB =@434027161pretest-12bpretest02P>0 =@434027161pretest-11apretest02P>0 =@434027161pretest-10bpretest02P>0 =@434027161pretest-9dpretest02N<.  LVAL Title- Farmers argue about grantie dust Aim- To find if granite dust affects the growth of fruits and vegetables Hypothesis- Granite Dust will afect the growth of vegetables and fruits in a farm. Method- 1. Separate the farm into two areas 2. 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sAlB@00000019science-attitude-52pretest01^L> sAlB@00000019science-attitude-42pretest01^L> sAlB@00000019science-attitude-33pretest01^L> sAlB@00000019science-attitude-23pretest01^L> sAlB@00000019science-attitude-13pretest01^L> sAlB@00000007science-attitude-93pretest01^L> sAlB@00000007science-attitude-83pretest01^L> sAlB@00000007science-attitude-73pretest01^L> sAlB@00000007science-attitude-63pretest01^L> sAlB@00000007science-attitude-52pretest01^L> $*T ~ # M w Jt 3]q0Z^q6ilB@00000017climate_knowledge_9no idea (?) pretest02lZ@ 6ilB@00000017climate_knowledge_8 no ideapretest02gU@ 6ilB@00000017climate_knowledge_7something about equal..pretest02we@ 6ilB@00000017climate_knowledge_6 um no idea?pretest02kY@ 6ilB@00000017climate_knowledge_5 @pretest02^L@ 6ilB@00000017climate_knowledge_4@pretest02^L@ 6ilB@00000017climate_knowledge_3>@ pretest02^L@ 6ilB@00000017climate_knowledge_2@ pretest02^L@ 6ilB@00000017climate_knowledge_1@pretest02^L@ !8elB@00000016climate_knowledge_confidence2pretest02r`R !8elB@00000016climate_knowledge_10pretest02`NB !8elB@00000016climate_knowledge_9pretest02^L@ !8elB@00000016climate_knowledge_8pretest02^L@ !8elB@00000016climate_knowledge_7pretest02^L@ !8elB@00000016climate_knowledge_6pretest02^L@ !8elB@00000016climate_knowledge_5d@pretest02^L@ !8elB@00000016climate_knowledge_4@pretest02^L@ !8elB@00000016climate_knowledge_3P@pretest02^L@ !8elB@00000016climate_knowledge_2pretest02^L@ !8elB@00000016climate_knowledge_1b@pretest02^L@ Q_lB@00000010climate_knowledge_confidence2pretest02r`R Q_lB@00000010climate_knowledge_10pretest02`NB Q_lB@00000010climate_knowledge_9pretest02^L@ Q_lB@00000010climate_knowledge_8pretest02^L@ Q_lB@00000010climate_knowledge_7pretest02^L@ Q_lB@00000010climate_knowledge_6pretest02^L@ Q_lB@00000010climate_knowledge_5@pretest02^L@ Q_lB@00000010climate_knowledge_4<@pretest02^L@ Q_lB@00000010climate_knowledge_3@pretest02^L@ Q_lB@00000010climate_knowledge_2I don't know what it is.pretest02xf@ Q_lB@00000010climate_knowledge_1@pretest02^L@ GWlB@00000002science-attitude-94pretest01^L> GWlB@00000002science-attitude-84pretest01^L> GWlB@00000002science-attitude-74pretest01^L> GWlB@00000002science-attitude-63pretest01^L> GWlB@00000002science-attitude-53pretest01^L> 4LVAL | @ H zrXno climate is temperature and weather etc. over a long period of time which doesn't change a lot while weather is like weekly forecasting eg. rain, sun, cloudi has something to do with plants and trees and decompsition (?) and how its released back into the atmospherethey're specific types of gasses that absorbs heat (?) from the sun and warms up the earth surface and thus warms up the air and sea. they're important because if we have to much it may lead to climate change. Yes, but not always. If the weather has been consisted for a long period of time and the data has been collected, climate can be predicted based on these results. However, if, for example, there are sudden heat waves that weren't in the previous data collected, then the predictions can be very inaccurate.Yes, but not accurately. Scientists and Metereologists can predict weather patterns using satellite images, but the accuracy is never certain.No. Weather is the current condition a place is experiencing, whilst climate is the average temperature and conditions of a place recorded over a longer period of time.Greenhouse gases are carbon emissons in the atmosphere that cause global warming. They're important because scientists can study the gases and reduce the risk of global warming.Climate can be predicted, because it is how the conditions of a place are in general - it is less variable than the weather.Weather can be predicted to an extent, and only about a week into the future. However, predictions are very often incorrect, because weather is very variable.Weather and climate are different. Weather is the short term changes in the conditions (temperature, rain, etc) of a place, while climate is the longterm conditions - how the weather is in general in a place.Greenhouse gases are the gases in the earth that keep it an average of around 33 degrees C warmer than it would be otherwise. They are important, because without them, it wouldn't be possible for life to exist on earth - it would be too cold.LVAL  j H D^I'm not exactly sure what the carbon cycle is.Weather is the actual description of the Earth, for example, a day could be sunny, rainy, cloudy or stormy. However, the climate is how hot or cold the temperature is, for example, 32 degrees. Greenhouse gases are created by the burning of fossil fuels, deforestation and other human activity. Greenhouse gases moderate the earths temperature and keep it warm. The more fossil fuels that are burned, deforestation that occurs and the more negative human waste that is produced, the globe will continually become warmer and warmer to the point where the planet is no longer habitable. No, it is changing and the climate in different places of the world are different. This is due to climate change and the ozone layer.A change in strong weather conditions.No it cannot. Climate is long term and the appliances can only predict short term effects.Yes, it can be predicted by weather forecasting. This is done using scientific appliances which measure the upcoming weather.No, weather is the short term effect and climate is the long term one.A carbon cycle is the cycle of our carbon footprint. It is important of how much carbon we produce.Greenhouse gases are gases which are made by burning fuels and transports. They reflect in the atmosphere and are important to keep warm air in .no it is heating up because there are increased greenhouse gasses in the atmosphere that have been caused by human activity for example using cars, burning fossil fuels and this is causing the antarctic and arctic ice caps to melt, which means our sea levels will rise and the overall temerature of the earth is increasing. it can be predicted/estimated if there is enough evidence and a definite trend. for example rising temperatures, ice caps meling etc. it can be roughly predicted one week in advance (?) it sometimes is not accurate and is predicted forom satelite imageing etc. m#> h | l   ? i(RfCm,F@}lB@00000027climate_knowledge_9pretest02^L@ F@}lB@00000027climate_knowledge_8pretest02^L@ F@}lB@00000027climate_knowledge_7pretest02^L@ F@}lB@00000027climate_knowledge_6pretest02^L@ F@}lB@00000027climate_knowledge_5@pretest02^L@ F@}lB@00000027climate_knowledge_4@pretest02^L@ F@}lB@00000027climate_knowledge_3@pretest02^L@ F@}lB@00000027climate_knowledge_2pretest02^L@ F@}lB@00000027climate_knowledge_1f@pretest02^L@ zlB@00000017problem_solving_confidence3pretest03n\N zlB@00000017problem_solving_1@pretest03ZH< $\ylB@00000004climate_knowledge_confidence2pretest02r`R $\ylB@00000004climate_knowledge_10B@pretest02`NB $\ylB@00000004climate_knowledge_9pretest02^L@ $\ylB@00000004climate_knowledge_8pretest02^L@ $\ylB@00000004climate_knowledge_7pretest02^L@ $\ylB@00000004climate_knowledge_6pretest02^L@ $\ylB@00000004climate_knowledge_5P@pretest02^L@ $\ylB@00000004climate_knowledge_4@pretest02^L@ $\ylB@00000004climate_knowledge_3@ pretest02^L@ $\ylB@00000004climate_knowledge_2pretest02^L@ $\ylB@00000004climate_knowledge_1@ pretest02^L@ slB@00000030climate_knowledge_confidence1pretest02r`R slB@00000030climate_knowledge_10 @ pretest02`NB slB@00000030climate_knowledge_9L@pretest02^L@ slB@00000030climate_knowledge_8Rapid changes in weather.pretest02yg@ slB@00000030climate_knowledge_7The climate remains the same.pretest02}k@ slB@00000030climate_knowledge_6The climate changes.pretest02tb@ slB@00000030climate_knowledge_5@pretest02^L@ slB@00000030climate_knowledge_4@pretest02^L@ slB@00000030climate_knowledge_3@pretest02^L@ slB@00000030climate_knowledge_2@pretest02^L@ slB@00000030climate_knowledge_1"@pretest02^L@ 6ilB@00000017climate_knowledge_confidence2pretest02r`R 6ilB@00000017climate_knowledge_10@pretest02`NB LVALr" Climate is easier to predict than weather because it will have a more gradual change, where as weather fluctuates. It is easier to predict how the climate will change because little changes will already be occuring right now to help us identify what will happen later.Weather can be predicted to a certain extent - cold fronts, clouds, and so on can be seen and identified on satellite images, but some weather changes occur too quickly or may go unnoticed until it actually occurs, in which case, it is not predictable.Weather and climate are different - weather changes from day to day, and can vary very much as a result, while climate is the broad spectrum of the type of weather that is experienced in a certain place for a year. Greenhouse Gases are gases that are released when fossil fuels are burned. They are important because they keep the earth warm by trapping the sun's heat inside the atmosphere. i think so because air is constantly moving, and even though the butterfly may not be directly creating the snowstorm, the movement of the air it creates may comtribute towards bigger masses of similarly moving air, and therefore this is possible. I personally believe that the current climate system in the world is relatively stable. For instance in Australia, our Summers and Winters are bearable and for a good majority of the year the climate is quite pleasant. However, in the future, this may be different. The globe is continually becoming warmer and warmer which may see a drastic change to our future, however, as of now, I believe the climate is stable. Climate cannot be predicted to the point where it is 100% accurate. There are many varying factors which can ultimately change the final temperature of the atmosphere. Weather can be predicted however even so, it is not 100% accurate. This is done by instruments in the sky or at stations and information is collected which can show what the future weather MIGHT be. |LVAL XDLNO. this is because the human race has inaccurately abused substances that are harmful to the earth's sustainability. If we continue to live the way we have over the past few decades, t will not be long before the Earth will no longer be the place that we know it to be today. It will cahnge for the worse, due to the ignorance of the human race.No, because it is long term and not immediate. to an extent, it can be predicted if the weather patterns appear to be similar, but if any drastic change is made to the weather than the climate cannot be predicted.weather can pe predicted, so long as the time of prediction is within 1 week (?) of the day that the meteorologist is trying to predict. Predictionas are not always accurate, but they provide an insight into the conditions that we will face in terms of temperatures and other weather conditions.Clmate and weather are two different things. Climate is the long term variation of the weather, and weather is a day to day type of thing.The carbon cycle is the cycle in which the Carbon in Earth's atmosphere interacts and works. The carbon syvcle is important to us because it regulates the weather conditions that we face on Earth, and if this was to be disrupted, we would be heavily impacted in a less than desirable manner.Greenhouse gases keep the earth warm at a comfotable level. If there is an excessive amount of Greenhouse gases trapped in the Earth's atmosphere, the earth will overheat, making it difficult for human civilisation. As we are currently livng, the Earth's temperature is increasing bu 1 Degree each year. Our current global climate system isn't very stable because we have been releasing too many greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, and there have been ramifications - temperatures are becoming colder in Winter and hotter in Summer than it was before. There have been overrall, slightly erratic, changes in the global climate system, and it would appear that it is less stable than before.]#> h  ! O a JrGqfq'lB@00000003climate_knowledge_10p@pretest02`NB fq'lB@00000003climate_knowledge_9?pretest02`N@ fq'lB@00000003climate_knowledge_8I have no ideapretest02n\@ fq'lB@00000003climate_knowledge_7`@ pretest02^L@ fq'lB@00000003climate_knowledge_6n@ pretest02^L@ fq'lB@00000003climate_knowledge_5@ pretest02^L@ fq'lB@00000003climate_knowledge_4@pretest02^L@ fq'lB@00000003climate_knowledge_3@pretest02^L@ fq'lB@00000003climate_knowledge_20@pretest02^L@ fq'lB@00000003climate_knowledge_1 @pretest02^L@ ZlB@00000023climate_knowledge_confidence1pretest02r`R ZlB@00000023climate_knowledge_10@pretest02`NB ZlB@00000023climate_knowledge_9pretest02^L@ ZlB@00000023climate_knowledge_8pretest02^L@ ZlB@00000023climate_knowledge_7pretest02^L@ ZlB@00000023climate_knowledge_6b@pretest02^L@ ZlB@00000023climate_knowledge_5@pretest02^L@ ZlB@00000023climate_knowledge_4@pretest02^L@ ZlB@00000023climate_knowledge_3The are not the same. pretest02vd@ ZlB@00000023climate_knowledge_2\@ pretest02^L@ ZlB@00000023climate_knowledge_1l@pretest02^L@ =lB@00000011problem_solving_1pretest03ZH< }lB@00000011climate_knowledge_confidence2pretest02r`R }lB@00000011climate_knowledge_10@pretest02`NB }lB@00000011climate_knowledge_9I dont know T_Tpretest02o]@ }lB@00000011climate_knowledge_8I dont know T_Tpretest02o]@ }lB@00000011climate_knowledge_7I dont know T_Tpretest02o]@ }lB@00000011climate_knowledge_6I dont know T_Tpretest02o]@ }lB@00000011climate_knowledge_5@pretest02^L@ }lB@00000011climate_knowledge_4N@pretest02^L@ }lB@00000011climate_knowledge_3@pretest02^L@ }lB@00000011climate_knowledge_2F@pretest02^L@ }lB@00000011climate_knowledge_1`@pretest02^L@ F@}lB@00000027climate_knowledge_confidence2pretest02r`R F@}lB@00000027climate_knowledge_10@pretest02`NB PLVAL  ,PxExamples of feedback in the climate system are flooding, droughts, storms, cyclones, tornadoes and rainfall.There is a balance between the climate systems in what they take (absorb) and produce, so that there wouldn't be a substance (eg. carbon dioxide) that has more than it should. What they produce/release? Eg. carbon dioxide, oxygen. Yes, to some extent- you can look at the trends of temperature and how much it is increasing/decreasing to predict future temperature. Weather can be predicted by various machines and equipment, meteorolgy observes the wind, cloud, temperature patterns (eg. cold fronts, low pressure cells) to predict upcoming weather. However it is not 100% accurate.They are different- weather is a temporary temperature, humidity, rainfall etc, and can include extreme conditions like natural disasters, whereas climate is the conditions of a location for a long period of time.When we burn carbon it releases more carbon dioxide into the air, it is important because it contributes to the greenhouse gases that heat up the earth.Greenhouse gases are gases in the atmosphere that absorb the radiation (from the sun)then re-radiate it onto the earth. It also traps the heat inside of the earth, not allowing it to escape, heating up the earth. The gases include water vapour, carbon dioxide and methane.the current global climate system isn't stable because we still have CFC's being produced (even thouh it's rare) and there are so many other problems still affecting the ozone layer which is contributing to global warming.I don't know what feedback in climate systems is.Climate can't be predicted. it is always changing and it is affected by us.Weather can be predicted. But only a week in advance. It is always changing and so there is no way to really find the exact weather.Greenhouse gases are the main problem in the greenhouse effect. they are created by us and can affect the ozone layer. it is the reason why we have climate change and global warming.LVAL 4 n<6No it is not possible. The force of a butterfly's wind is too small to create a snowstorm. A snowstorm is created by a lot of force. Also there is only one butterfly and therefore the force is even smaller. There is also a fair distance between Brazil and Alaska. It is not possible for the air in Brazil to affect Alaska because of the small change in the air in Brazil.I do not believe this is possible as I do not believe a creature as small scale as a butterfly could create such a large scale phenomenon like a snowstorm. Also, simply a butterfly flapping it's wings does not create enough force or pressure to whirl up a snowstorm, in fact, it does not have much of an impact at all. Furthermore, the distance between Brazil and Alaska is way too drastic and something that occurs in Brazil would not be able to impact on the environment in Alaska, especially if it is created by a butterfly. Yes, as climate is an average of common conditions, it is based upon the weather conditions that occur, and if weather is predictable, climate is as wellYes. We recieve similar weather to that which regions before us (ahead of us in longitude). We can predict how high and low pressure systems will vary as they move across the land, by observing them from previous days and noting their patterns. Furthermore, our climate has an impact on the weather, as the environment around us can influence the weather.Weather is what you get whilst climate is what you expect. Although they are two different things, climate is an average of the common conditions or frequencies that an area experience. Weather is what occurs at the time or what is predicted.the carbon cycle is how carbon is stored in different forms and how it is released. the carbon cycle important as it impacts the atmosphere and therefore our climate and state of living.Greenhouse gases produced from burning fossil fuels and they heat up the earth, as the ozone layer does not allow all of the gases to escape. without them, the earth would be real cold.LVAL r Weather and climate are different. Weather is the short term state of a particular region in terms of rainfall, wind, temperature, humidty, etc. Climate, however, is the general long term state of a region/country for a longer period of time.Greenhouse gases are gases that are in the atmoshpere of the Earth. They are called greenhouse gases because a greenhouse retains heat and in the same way, these gases act like a blanket and trap the heat that is reflected off the Earth. They are essential for life on Earth, but human consumption of fossil fuels and other stuff has increased the levels of greenhouse gases to the extent that there is something occuring called global warming. They are important, as without greenhouse gases, the atmosphere would not be able to trap heat and the Earth would be too cold to sustain life. The current global climate system is not sustainable as we are emitting too much CO2 and pollution, also cutting down too many trees and burning too many fossil fuels, and using the natural resources too rapidly. Therefore this is not sustainable. The globe is heating up faster, causing all the ice caps in the north pole to melt, and countries overall are becoming hotter. For example, hotter temperature as the ozone layer becomes thinner, causing the sun's ultra- violet rays to hit the earth faster and with more inensity. Weather is known as the temperature and climaic conditions day to day of an area. However climate are the overall conditions of a location.The carbon cycle shows what happens to carbon as it is released into the air, then brought back into earth and released again. It is important as we know what we are doing with our planet, what carbon does to the earth and how we can slow down climate change.Greenhouse gases are gases released into the atmosphere. They are carbon dioixide and they warm up the earth and the atmosphere as it is released into the air.tLVAL $tbThe weather is often predictable within a time span of a week but after that, it is difficult to tell. Examples of 'tragedy of the commons' in climate systems are things like tornadoes in tropical areas which often occur due to the climate.Climate cannot be predicted as such as it is measured over a log period of time and greatly depends on where in the world it is being observed. However, climates are able to be assumed to due the ares postition on the earth, for example, tropical or temperate climate can be seen by position on the earth.Weather can be predicted as we currently have weather reports that tell us what the weather will be for the next week. Weather can only be predicted a week in advance.Weather and climate are different. Weather refers to the day to day changes in temperature and humidity, whereas climate refers to the weather over a longer period of time and determines things like weather a country is generally cold, warm, wet or dry.The carbon cycle refers to how living things in the world contain carbon particles and how they cycle through living things. For example, humans exhale carbon dioxide and then trees take in carbon dioxide to create starch. Green house gases are gases such as carbon dioxide and cfcs in the earth's atmosphere that absorb some of the rays from the sun that are reflected back from the earth into the sky. The rays are absorbed to warm the earth.No, as the Earth is changing (global warming) due to industrialisation, human burning of fossil fuels, agriculture and pollution. Global warming is effecting the Earth in various ways and this causes the global climate system to be quite unstable and unpredictable, especially in the next few years.Yes, weather can be predicted to a certain extent, though not usually more than a week. It is also not always very accurate. Clouds can be predicted by wind movement thus rain can be predicted from cloud movement. I am not exactly sure how they can predict weather $$*T h ' Q {  8 Nx ?g}<Zz؂-lB@00000001climate_knowledge_8N/Apretest02cQ@ ؂-lB@00000001climate_knowledge_7N/Apretest02cQ@ ؂-lB@00000001climate_knowledge_6 sorry, N/Apretest02jX@ ؂-lB@00000001climate_knowledge_5T@pretest02^L@ ؂-lB@00000001climate_knowledge_4l@pretest02^L@ ؂-lB@00000001climate_knowledge_3@pretest02^L@ ؂-lB@00000001climate_knowledge_2@ pretest02^L@ ؂-lB@00000001climate_knowledge_1d@pretest02^L@ N&lB@00000025climate_knowledge_confidence1pretest02r`R N&lB@00000025climate_knowledge_10l@pretest02`NB N&lB@00000025climate_knowledge_9@pretest02^L@ N&lB@00000025climate_knowledge_8@ pretest02^L@ N&lB@00000025climate_knowledge_7t@ pretest02^L@ N&lB@00000025climate_knowledge_6T@ pretest02^L@ N&lB@00000025climate_knowledge_5"No climate can not be predicted.pretest02n@ N&lB@00000025climate_knowledge_4Z@ pretest02^L@ N&lB@00000025climate_knowledge_3F@pretest02^L@ N&lB@00000025climate_knowledge_2@pretest02^L@ N&lB@00000025climate_knowledge_1|@pretest02^L@ >lB@00000021climate_knowledge_confidence2pretest02r`R >lB@00000021climate_knowledge_10^@pretest02`NB >lB@00000021climate_knowledge_9@pretest02^L@ >lB@00000021climate_knowledge_8pretest02^L@ >lB@00000021climate_knowledge_7@pretest02^L@ >lB@00000021climate_knowledge_6@pretest02^L@ >lB@00000021climate_knowledge_5b@pretest02^L@ >lB@00000021climate_knowledge_4N@pretest02^L@ >lB@00000021climate_knowledge_3@pretest02^L@ >lB@00000021climate_knowledge_2@pretest02^L@ >lB@00000021climate_knowledge_1@pretest02^L@ WlB@00000022climate_knowledge_confidence2pretest02r`R WlB@00000022climate_knowledge_10V@pretest02`NB WlB@00000022climate_knowledge_9pretest02^L@ WlB@00000022climate_knowledge_8pretest02^L@ WlB@00000022climate_knowledge_7pretest02^L@ WlB@00000022climate_knowledge_6pretest02^L@ zLVAL& T only to a maximum of 2weeks. Even that wouldn't be accurate though.. it is hard to follow and predict the exact movement of the weather. i know the general idea but i can't explaindifferent. weather is the description of a day to a fortnight of the cloud, humidity and storm movement, whereas climate is a long period of time which is estimated to be in the Suns presence.greenhouse gases are carbondyoxide gases released into the atmosphere through the burning of fuels. green house gases are important because it helps radiate enough of the suns heat to the Earth. Humans also create unnecessary greenhouse gases through the burning of natural fuels such as coal(fossils of prehistoric flora and fauna), which is dug up from under the earth. By burning up these fuels from thousands of years ago, gases are released into the atmosphere attracting more than enough heat from the Sun. If this continues the icecaps will melt, seasons will be upturned which would lead to damaging consequences (migration of animals are interrupted, extinction, lack of food etc).No because it changes throughout the world.Humans are using too much unrenewable resources which release a lot of carbon into the atmospher. This is making the global climate hotter.cyclones, tsunamis, natural bush fires, earthquakes. These tragedies come from natural causes such as the earth's plates moving below the ground causing earthquakes and tsunamis and when the weather gets too hot it causes bush fires.Green house gases are gases from the ozone layer that keep the earth at a steady temperature. The fossil fuels produced from the burning of coal contributes to the emmission released into the ozone layer. When too much emmission is in the ozone layer, the earth's temperature rises and this can lead to global warming.No, it is not stable due to global warming and climate change. The Earth is gradualy getting warmer due to greenhouse gases keeping the sun's warmth in the Earth's atmosphere.$#9 c " L t  Isp 3]FZ7ŨlB@00000029climate_knowledge_confidence2pretest02r`R 7ŨlB@00000029climate_knowledge_10@@pretest02`NB 7ŨlB@00000029climate_knowledge_9pretest02^L@ 7ŨlB@00000029climate_knowledge_8pretest02^L@ 7ŨlB@00000029climate_knowledge_7@pretest02^L@ 7ŨlB@00000029climate_knowledge_6@pretest02^L@ 7ŨlB@00000029climate_knowledge_5Z@pretest02^L@ 7ŨlB@00000029climate_knowledge_4@pretest02^L@ 7ŨlB@00000029climate_knowledge_3@pretest02^L@ 7ŨlB@00000029climate_knowledge_2@pretest02^L@ 7ŨlB@00000029climate_knowledge_1@pretest02^L@ _lB@00000020climate_knowledge_confidence1pretest02r`R _lB@00000020climate_knowledge_10H@pretest02`NB _lB@00000020climate_knowledge_9I don't know. pretest02n\@ _lB@00000020climate_knowledge_8I don't know.pretest02m[@ _lB@00000020climate_knowledge_7I have absolutely no idea.:(pretest02|j@ _lB@00000020climate_knowledge_6@pretest02^L@ _lB@00000020climate_knowledge_5F@pretest02^L@ _lB@00000020climate_knowledge_4F@pretest02^L@ _lB@00000020climate_knowledge_3@pretest02^L@ _lB@00000020climate_knowledge_2~@pretest02^L@ _lB@00000020climate_knowledge_1B@pretest02^L@ olB@00000006climate_knowledge_confidence1pretest02r`R olB@00000006climate_knowledge_10@pretest02`NB olB@00000006climate_knowledge_9@pretest02^L@ olB@00000006climate_knowledge_8@pretest02^L@ olB@00000006climate_knowledge_7D@pretest02^L@ olB@00000006climate_knowledge_6@pretest02^L@ olB@00000006climate_knowledge_5f@pretest02^L@ olB@00000006climate_knowledge_4@pretest02^L@ olB@00000006climate_knowledge_3@pretest02^L@ olB@00000006climate_knowledge_2@pretest02^L@ olB@00000006climate_knowledge_1@pretest02^L@ ؂-lB@00000001climate_knowledge_confidence2pretest02r`R ؂-lB@00000001climate_knowledge_10@pretest02`NB ؂-lB@00000001climate_knowledge_9N/Apretest02cQ@ LVAL B4  <& Greenhouse gases are gases which trap heat in our earth. Greenhouse gases are good for the earth to keep it warm but lately greenhouse gases like chlouroflourocarbon have been heating up our earth's atmosphere to much. Chlouroflourocarbon is one of the greenhouse gases that is polluting our earth and making our temperature rise. it is predicted that by 2100 he temperature of our earth wil have risen by 8 degrees.The current global climate is stable as it is going through changes that renew itself every few millions of years. It is the first time that humanity has experience it as mankind has only existed for a short period of time compared to the age of Earth itself.Emergent properties in climate systems are the irrational factors that may occur when something has gone wrong in the state of equilibrium.Dynamic equilibrium in climate systems is when two or more systems must balance each other out so that they can co-exist without tipping the scale of equilibrium.Examples of feedback in climate systems are the information researchers receive from their devices are used to make judgements and conclusions are formed which further our understanding of how climate works.Climate is influenced by weather, but it is more consistent than weather as it does not change too much. For example, during summer, the climte will be expected to be warm to hot.Weather is the phenomenon that happens in the atmosphere, but before the divide of space. Climate is affected by weather, but not the same as it. Climate includes both the atmosphere and the ground-level temperature.A carbon cycle is when carbon is renewed so it can be used again. This is important because it keeps the order of how the planet works.steady, yet not stable. it is estimated that within 50 years there will be more refugees effected by climate than because of the war. Steady in the sense that the Earth has heated up 1degree, and will continue to rise. nLVALt rVlWeather can be predicted but not completely. Meteorologists are able to predict rainfall, sunshine, and clouds for about a week. However, as there are so many things which can influence weather, it is hard to predict with complete accuracy.Weather and climate are different. Weather is everyday occurrences, such as sunshine, clouds, or rain. Climate is a pattern over a longer period of time, including annual rainfall. Climate accounts for the trends in weather in a particular area.The carbon cycle is the recycling of carbon, which exists in all the biotic living organisms in the world. It is important because this allows a constant amount of carbon in the world to create life.Greenhouse gases are gases which exist in the atmosphere. They are important because they allow a constant amount of heat to warm the Earth, by trapping the Sun's rays in a protective layer around the Earth. However, if humans interfere by producing more gases, more heat is trapped in the Earth, which leads to global warming.No. CFC's are raising the temperature of our Earth and if we don't fix it, it will soon be ou of control. Overpopulation is another mass problem in our world. Our main resources are running out and there will not be enough for everyone. It is also predicted that by 2100 there will be about 13 billion people lving on this planet, about twice the amount of people now! This is discussed in Dan Brown's new book, Inferno.I don't know :(. Maybe feedback is when erosion occurs and wears a piece of rock down and an earthquake occurs and creates a mountain. That way nature is kind of 'feeding back' the climate systems?? I don't know. Sorry :(Climate is generally predictable about a week before the date but major events such as avalanches, tornados and volcano eruptions are generally very unpredictable.Weather is generally predictable about a week before the date but major events such as avalanches, tornados and volcano eruptions are generally very unpredictable.:LVAL  FZ\Weather refers to temperature or conditions on a particular day; climate refers to weather patterns over a long period of time.no. studies have shown that the global climate has been rising, global warming.The carbon cycle is a cycle of carbon. Climate can be predicted to some extent. By analysing trends in our weather patterns,we can gradually build a forecast of climate. Although it may not prove to be accurate, we can look for consistent elements.Weather can be predicted using our modern day measuring devices however not accurately due to the instability of the elements which make up our atmosphere. It has been said that weather can be predicted a week in advance but still may not provide an accurate forecast. Weather and Climate are different. Weather is the condition of wind, water, air and other geophysical forces in a fixed period of time, most commonly used one is on a day to day basis. Climate is a long term account of weather patterns.Greenhouse gases are gases which surround the earth in a layer known as the ozone layer. They are important as they block out harmful UV rays emitted from the sun and also trap sufficient heat to warm the earth to a suitable temperature.The current global climate system is not very stable. Evidence of global warming supports this. This is because humans are able to interfere more and more, and even daily tasks such as driving a car can cause problems in the global climate system. Since the climate system can be easily influenced by even a slight change in temperature, this causes further implications, such as rising water levels or extreme heat.Examples of feedback are rain or global warming. When humans produce more greenhouse gases in the climate, this leads to global warming. When water from rivers or oceans vapourise and form clouds, the result is rain.Climate can be predicted as it is based on trends over a long period of time. For example, if an area's climate is usually hot and dry, it will most probably be hot and dry.$*T j p  & P z9cw*T~=]lB@00000013climate_knowledge_10@ pretest02`NB lB@00000013climate_knowledge_9------pretest02fT@ lB@00000013climate_knowledge_8@ pretest02^L@ lB@00000013climate_knowledge_7@ pretest02^L@ lB@00000013climate_knowledge_6Z@ pretest02^L@ lB@00000013climate_knowledge_5B@ pretest02^L@ lB@00000013climate_knowledge_4@ pretest02^L@ lB@00000013climate_knowledge_3@ pretest02^L@ lB@00000013climate_knowledge_2H@ pretest02^L@ lB@00000013climate_knowledge_1@ pretest02^L@ lB@00000027problem_solving_confidence3pretest03n\N lB@00000027problem_solving_1N @ pretest03ZH< &֮lB@00000018climate_knowledge_confidence3pretest02r`R &֮lB@00000018climate_knowledge_10@pretest02`NB &֮lB@00000018climate_knowledge_9pretest02^L@ &֮lB@00000018climate_knowledge_8pretest02^L@ &֮lB@00000018climate_knowledge_7pretest02^L@ &֮lB@00000018climate_knowledge_6pretest02^L@ &֮lB@00000018climate_knowledge_5@ pretest02^L@ &֮lB@00000018climate_knowledge_4@ pretest02^L@ &֮lB@00000018climate_knowledge_3@ pretest02^L@ &֮lB@00000018climate_knowledge_2pretest02^L@ &֮lB@00000018climate_knowledge_1@ pretest02^L@ &֮lB@00000005problem_solving_confidence1pretest03n\N &֮lB@00000005problem_solving_1@ pretest03ZH< 6ЩlB@00000008climate_knowledge_confidence3pretest02r`R 6ЩlB@00000008climate_knowledge_10@ pretest02`NB 6ЩlB@00000008climate_knowledge_9I dont know ok.pretest02o]@ 6ЩlB@00000008climate_knowledge_8-I dont know. pretest02n\@ 6ЩlB@00000008climate_knowledge_7Sorry I dont know.pretest02r`@ 6ЩlB@00000008climate_knowledge_6Sorry I dont know.pretest02r`@ 6ЩlB@00000008climate_knowledge_5@pretest02^L@ 6ЩlB@00000008climate_knowledge_4@pretest02^L@ 6ЩlB@00000008climate_knowledge_3@pretest02^L@ 6ЩlB@00000008climate_knowledge_2@pretest02^L@ 6ЩlB@00000008climate_knowledge_1@pretest02^L@ PLVALV @Vlthe carbon cycle is the movement and storage of carbon within the atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere and lithosphere.The way living things behave in climate systems.Weather can be predicted, though the predictions are not very accurate, and are sometimes incorrect. This is because wind patterns are unpredictable, therefore the cloud movement is unpredictable. No, they are different. Weather is the short term state of the atmosphere at a place or time, referring to heat, temperature, and humidity, etc. Climate is the general weather of a place during a long period of time. Greenhouse gases are gases that retain heat. This heat is originally light that has reflected off the ground. Greenhouse gases are named so because greenhouse gases act like the glass of a greenhouse does - the glass keeps most of the heat in. The Greenhouse Gases are essential, otherwise none of the heat would retain and the Earth would be much colder than it is now (appximately -19 degrees Celcius). Some examples of Greenhouse Gases are methane and carbon dioxide. if a butterfly flaps its wings in brazil, it will jiggle the air and thus help cause a snowstorm in Alaska. the flapping of this butterfly's wings affects the air movements and as air moves, it will in turn affect the air of surrounding areas. however,evidently, brazil and alaska are not near each other. but the air movements can slowly increase as it moves farther along. and thus concludes this essay presenting legit data. the butterfly effect is very powerful. I dont think that our current global system is very stable. We have been having many natural disasters which are a significant piece of evidence for climate change. For example, The Indian Uttarakhand Floods caused by a cloud burst in a valley was very much the result, of a severe change in the weather. It has been proven repeatedly that small changes in our weather can drastically impact our climate systems. So no, I dont think our current global system is stable.LVALGreenhouse gases are gases that contribute to the greenhouse effect, which is when ultraviolet radiation from the sun becomes trapped within the earth and the ozone layer instead of being radiated back into space. An example of a greenhouse gas is carbon dioxide. These gases are important because they contribute to global warming and it is vital to know about them so that we can control our use of them and maintain awareness about the future of our planet and its life. A butterfly that flaps its wings in one end of the world and has a significant effect on a place somewhere else in the world, is considered 'the butterfly effect'. I believe this is possibly, because we are all connected to the world around us, and changes in one area can easily effect the circumstances in another area. We are all a part of an ecosystem with other living things and the actual environment around us. A butterfly flapping its wings in Brazil can slightly change the heat of the air, the direction its flowing in, and so on, and this slight change can lead to a bigger change in the surrounding air. Air travels, and can pass its properties to surround air, which means that something that happened in one place can very quickly be transferred to another place. Eventually this effect of one slight change affecting something bigger, which will in turn affect something bigger. This butterfly flapping its wings in Brazil can leader to a slight change in the world around it, which can in turn do the same thing but on a slightly larger scale, until in the end, a place on the other end of the continent is being affected by this slight change that began elsewhere.To an extent. Scientists and meteorologists have determined if the following summer is to be hotter than average (heatwave). However, because the weather is unpredictable at times, it is hard to predict exactly the climate of, say, the next year. LVAL Weather can usually be predicted, depending on the temperature, humidity, wind speed etc.Climate is not something that needs to be predicted, and therefore cannot, as it is a generalisation of recurring weather patterns in an area. For example, if an area experiences constant rain, it can be said that the climate is wet and harsh, as majority of the days involve rain and extreme conditions. Climate is determined through observation and study, and without knowing the weather, it cannot be 'predicted'. Weather can be predicted through the use of different instruments and theories, perhaps even observations. For example, if dark clouds start to appear in the sky, it is possible to predict that it will rain or perhaps even a storm will begin. If this weather continues for a certain period of time, we can predict that a pattern is developing and it would be unrealistic to expect a sunny forecast straight away. However, there are sometimes fluctuations in weather patterns and this can lead to unexpected developments that were not predicted, which is why it is not 100% reliable to trust the weather forecast at all times.Weather and climate are different. Climate reflects average weather patterns over a period of time and weather shows conditions at present and over the next few days if possible. An area's climate is determined by gathering observations and data from an area and putting it together to provide an overview of the recurring weather patterns in that place. Weather simply allows people to know what conditions will be experienced in the present and near future, whilst climate provides a general overview.The carbon cycle is the recycling of life matter throughout the earth, which allows for the production of resources, such as fossil fuels from the remains of dead animals. It is important because it demonstrates the cycle of living things throughout the earth and how natural processes occur.LVAL 8 `Species becoming endangered/extinct, natural disasters, extreme conditions (drought or floods). 'Tragedy of the commons' are referred to that way because they directly affect the common species on earth.Rising temperatures, unexpected properties in climate. These are referred to as emergent properties because they emerge as these climates begin to change, due to greenhouse gases and global warming. It is simply a myth that a butterfly flapping its wings in Brazil can cause a snowstorm in Alaska. This is not true because the power cause by one butterfly is not enough to cause enough cange in the air to cause a big climatic evenet such as that. A butterfly only creates a small change in the air where it is flying, and that does not cause a big change in the air across continents. It is impossible for such a small movement to have such a large impact on the climate of state in another country.I think that is highly unlikely but maybe the wind created by the butterfly could have picked up other winds on the way to alaska and somehow created a snowstorm in alaska??Our global climate system is fairly stable, but sometimes we experience unusual weather in different climatic regions. However, we can alter climates by our actions, such as global warming and 'climate change'.Emergent properties are when anomalies occur in climate patterns, such as rain appearing in an area that has a sunny and warm climate. Dynamic equilibrium in climate systems is when two or more climate systems share the same pattern and form. For example, two countries in Africa may have dynamic equilibrium because they are in the same area of the earth. Climate feedback is when we see patterns in climate as a result of human actions, as though the climate is giving 'feedback' towards our actions. For example, humans have begun to see patterns in climate that are related to global warming, and this can be linked to our excessive use of fossil fuels. $8 R |  ; e  ,V?i}4RpD9lB@00000008problem_solving_1@pretest03ZH< KslB@00000029problem_solving_confidence3pretest03n\N KslB@00000029problem_solving_1@pretest03ZH< E.lB@00000001problem_solving_confidence1pretest03n\N E.lB@00000001problem_solving_1j@pretest03ZH< |lB@00000003problem_solving_confidence1pretest03n\N |lB@00000003problem_solving_1&@pretest03ZH< ulB@00000014climate_knowledge_confidence2pretest02r`R ulB@00000014climate_knowledge_10@pretest02`NB ulB@00000014climate_knowledge_9@pretest02^L@ ulB@00000014climate_knowledge_8j@pretest02^L@ ulB@00000014climate_knowledge_7l@pretest02^L@ ulB@00000014climate_knowledge_6N@pretest02^L@ ulB@00000014climate_knowledge_5@pretest02^L@ ulB@00000014climate_knowledge_4t@pretest02^L@ ulB@00000014climate_knowledge_3@pretest02^L@ ulB@00000014climate_knowledge_2@pretest02^L@ ulB@00000014climate_knowledge_1@pretest02^L@ lB@00000006problem_solving_confidence3pretest03n\N lB@00000006problem_solving_1@pretest03ZH< lB@00000012climate_knowledge_confidence1pretest02r`R lB@00000012climate_knowledge_10@pretest02`NB lB@00000012climate_knowledge_9@ pretest02^L@ lB@00000012climate_knowledge_8@ pretest02^L@ lB@00000012climate_knowledge_7@pretest02^L@ lB@00000012climate_knowledge_6@pretest02^L@ lB@00000012climate_knowledge_5@pretest02^L@ lB@00000012climate_knowledge_4@pretest02^L@ lB@00000012climate_knowledge_3@pretest02^L@ lB@00000012climate_knowledge_2@pretest02^L@ lB@00000012climate_knowledge_1<@pretest02^L@ wlB@00000021problem_solving_confidence2pretest03n\N wlB@00000021problem_solving_1@ pretest03ZH< 2TlB@00000020problem_solving_confidence1pretest03n\N 2TlB@00000020problem_solving_1Z@ pretest03ZH< lB@00000013climate_knowledge_confidence2pretest02r`R LVAL 4Examples of feedback in climate systems are: - Species becoming endangered/extinct - Ice caps and glaciers melting - Desert, drought, floods, tornadoes etc These are caused by changes in climate.Yes, it can. By considering an area's previous climates, one can assume that the conditions will remain similar. However, it is also possible to predict climate change due to global warming and rising global temperatures.To an extent, yes. Weather can only be predicted about a week in advance, due to the fact that small changes can affect the weather greatly, such as low pressure systems, cold winds from the poles etc. Weather and climate are different. Weather is used to express the immediate and temporary conditions in a particular area, whereas climate is used to express the average conditions on a longer term.The carbon cycle consists of: - Trees absorb carbon and produce oxygen. This carbon is then stored inside the trees. - The wood from the trees either decomposes or is burnt, which results in the release of the carbon particles. Coal, for example, is fossilized wood, so when it is burnt, it releases masses of carbon. - This carbon is then absorbed into the atmosphere and makes a thicker layer of greenhouse gases, and also re-absorbed by trees. This cycle is important as it is crucial to the existence of trees, which we cannot live without. It also explains a potential cause of global warming.Greenhouse gases are gases in the atmosphere which absorb heat. These are a combination of different gases, such as carbon dioxide and CFCs. When the sun shines onto the earth, the ground absorbs the heat energy. The ground then becomes hot, and heats up the air particles near it. These air particles become less dense and rise, and the more dense particles fill the space where they used to be. This cycle repeats. As the hot air particles rise, they are trapped by greenhouse gases, resulting in a comfortable temperature to sustain life.`LVALD |Feedback in climate systems include aspects such as average temperature, average rainfall, average snow, and other data collected on the weather over a period of time.Yes, climate can be predicted as it is the average of measurements of the weather in an area. An area would usually have the same climte therefore it is easy to predict its climate it will usually be sustained throughout.Weather can only be predicted up to one week in advance because it is extremely unpredictable and has no set pattern. When it is predicted, there is no guarentee that it will be correctlThe carbon cycle is the cycle in which the uv rays from the sun hit the earth, warms it up and bounce off. The greenhouse gases prevent some of the heat from escaping and keeps the Earth at a normal temperature.Greenhouse gases are the gases in the Earth's atmosphere which store heat and maintains the Earth's temperature. Without greenhouse gases, the Earth would be minus degrees at night. They are important because human activities are increasing these gases in the atmosphere therefore increasing the Earth's average temperature, thus melting the polar ice caps and causing changes in the Eath's climate.'A butterfly flapping its wings in Brazil can jiggle the air and tus can help cause a snowstorm in Alaska', this is like the ripple effect, except instead of the impact being from the start, it ends with it. When the butterfly flaps its wings, it contributes to the other movement in the wind that passes through the air. Our current global climate system is not stable, as we are experiencing rising temperatures at an unsustainable rate. This results in extreme changes in climate worldwide, causing distress to different species of flora and fauna. If our habits of emitting too many CFC's, CO2 and other greenhouse gases continue, our climate will change vastly. However, if we can control our emissions, we can retain our current conditions and possibly, with time, reverse some of our problems.tLVAL6 b"Examples are the alarming number of one breed in scale to other breeds. ?No, because our destructive human actions are leading to the degradation of the planet for future generations. Properties that are not natural to the climate system but have been recently observed e.g. acid rain.Probably something which stands out. Such as the sudden rise in temperature.Is this the chaos theory? I'm divided as to whether it's possible or not. On the one hand, I think it is possible because everything you do has a consequence, cause and effect, and I think that the littlest of things and choices can trigger great and very different outcomes. The tiniest action can affect you heaps in the long run. However I'm finding it hard to think HOW a 'butterfly flapping its wings in Brazil can jiggle the air and thus can help cause a snowstorm in Alaska'- regarding the science of it- that is- the wind and weather patterns itself- it seems impossible that a tiny movement of air by a butterfly can contribute to a huge movement of wind and snow (nearly) halfway across the world. I wouldn't be able to explain how this movement of air worked. Our current global state is not stable because we are being careless with our abuse of limited natural resources such as coal, oil and natural gas which release more greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. We will run out of resources and won't have remaining sustainable energy to run our appliances and humanity will be struck by more natural disaters which were triggered by climate change. It will affect everyone's lives and the economy as well and humanity will suffer.'tragedy of commons' refers to the extreme weather which is the norm for those living in such climates who experience these natural disasters. As climate change progresses there will be more natural disasters around the world and there will be more tragic events within the community. These include things such as floods, cyclones, draughts and earthquakes. LVAL ^ v,:Water is a tragedy of the commons, as water is extremely common however a large number of it is undrinkable or polluted. It has been said many times that the smallest thing can affect people in the biggest ways and i believe that this is true. If the direction of the wind is right, i believe, that something as small as a butterfly can truly help (being the main word) cause a snowstorm in Alaska. Sometimes even if we think that it isn't possible for a small thing to affect big things, but if a butterfly flaps its' wings at the same time that a snowstorm is inevitable in Alaska, i think that it coud affect it.The carbon cycle is the forms of carbon is in throughout it's lifetime. Carbon dioxide is extracted through the air and converted into carbon or glucose by trees by the photosynthesis process. When the carbon or glucose is burned or consumed it is returned to the atmosphere as carbon dioxide by respiration.Greenhouse gases are gases within the earth's atmosphere that trap heat. They act like a blanket around the Earth keeping it warm and insulated. They are important as without them, the Earth would be hostile and hard for life to exist on Earth.I really dont think so. The flapping of a butterfly's wing would be a very trivial movement and thus would not shift air drastically. Secondly, distance is a major contributing factor. It is very unlikely that a small change in air would have such a significant impact on a country, thousands of miles away. But then again, I might be wrong.I think that the idea of a butterfly flapping its wings in Brazil, jiggling the air and helping to cause a snowstorm in Alaska is an exaggeration. However, on a smaller scale, this can be true, and the idea is based loosely on facts. When one small part of the climate system changes, it can have bigger repercussions on other parts of the climate. So when a slight movement in the air causes more vibrations in the air, this can possibly help cause a slight wind, but not a snowstorm in another country. $D n   G a   "@j)S}*HflB@00000018problem_solving_1@@pretest03ZH< 1jlB@00000012problem_solving_confidence1pretest03n\N 1jlB@00000012problem_solving_12@pretest03ZH< lB@00000014problem_solving_confidence2pretest03n\N lB@00000014problem_solving_1@pretest03ZH< ~lB@00000007climate_knowledge_confidence1pretest02r`R ~lB@00000007climate_knowledge_10@pretest02`NB ~lB@00000007climate_knowledge_9X@pretest02^L@ ~lB@00000007climate_knowledge_8@pretest02^L@ ~lB@00000007climate_knowledge_7p@pretest02^L@ ~lB@00000007climate_knowledge_6@pretest02^L@ ~lB@00000007climate_knowledge_5P@pretest02^L@ ~lB@00000007climate_knowledge_4n@pretest02^L@ ~lB@00000007climate_knowledge_3$@pretest02^L@ ~lB@00000007climate_knowledge_2:@pretest02^L@ ~lB@00000007climate_knowledge_1<@pretest02^L@ lB@00000023problem_solving_confidence1pretest03n\N lB@00000023problem_solving_1@pretest03ZH< lB@00000013problem_solving_confidence2pretest03n\N lB@00000013problem_solving_1@pretest03ZH< XlB@00000025problem_solving_confidence1pretest03n\N XlB@00000025problem_solving_1F@pretest03ZH< AlB@00000024problem_solving_confidence3pretest03n\N AlB@00000024problem_solving_1@pretest03ZH< ζJlB@00000015climate_knowledge_confidence2pretest02r`R ζJlB@00000015climate_knowledge_10@ pretest02`NB ζJlB@00000015climate_knowledge_9H@ pretest02^L@ ζJlB@00000015climate_knowledge_8`@ pretest02^L@ ζJlB@00000015climate_knowledge_7The seasons?pretest02lZ@ ζJlB@00000015climate_knowledge_6n@ pretest02^L@ ζJlB@00000015climate_knowledge_5@ pretest02^L@ ζJlB@00000015climate_knowledge_4@pretest02^L@ ζJlB@00000015climate_knowledge_3@pretest02^L@ ζJlB@00000015climate_knowledge_2h@pretest02^L@ ζJlB@00000015climate_knowledge_1@pretest02^L@ D9lB@00000008problem_solving_confidence3pretest03n\N BLVALd VThis is possible because you can apply this theory to something of a larger scale. For example, this can be linked to winds and how they affect weather conditions in areas. If this is demonstrated using a butterfly, we can predict that if a thousand butterflies flap their wings, it can cause great changes in the weather, but it all comes back to the one butterfly. This theory is attempting to explain that one little change in the weather can have a great impact on a climate pattern in the world. The use of this in a metaphorical sense allows it to be more relatable and relavant, but, yes, it is possible. The butterfly flapping its wings in Brazil can jiggle the air and thus can help cause a snowstorm in Alaska. I believe that this is possible. Butterflies have the ability to flap their wings at extraordinary speeds. If a swarm of butterflies were to flap their wings at such speed, then it is possible that the air that is jiggles can help cause a snowstorm in Alaska. They are not causing the snowstorm alone, but with the help of a gush of wind they can aid it to become a snowstorm. In Brazil the winds travel to Alaska. If the butterflies can jiggle their wings in the air in Brazil, this one little change can jiggle it's way to Alaska causing a larger snowstorm.A butterfly flapping it's wings in Brazil cannot jiggle the air and help cause a snowstorm in Alaska. This is because the force of the air is not great enough to travel between countries. A butterfly's wings are quite small in surface area, therefore flapping the wings won't create a force strong enough to move air through several kilometers. A snowstorm requires a significant force, and a butterfly's wings will not be able to provide this. Furthermore, there are plenty of creatures with wings surfce areas geater than those of butterflies (ie birds), however even they don't even create a large force. Therefore it is absurd to come to a conclusion that butterflies flapping their wings can create snowstorms. LVAL fFuture climate can be estimeated to some extent, by studying patterns and trends in climate records in the past.Since climate is fairly long term, climate is not able to be predicted. It is something that doesn't change and climate would only change after a long period of time. It is not always 100% correct however weather is possible to be predicted. By using satelites to look down upon the Earth's cloud movement, we can predict when it may rain or cloudy. The climate and weather of a place is different. The climate type of a place is long-term and is constant. For example, the climate of Antartica is dry and cold however the climate of Brazil is wet and humid. Weather, on the other hand, is just temporary. It is something that happens for maybe a few days or even just a few hours. The weather of a place is for example, rain, hail, sunny, heat wave. The carbon cycle is the cycle where carbon is turned into oxygen through plants. The trees and plants absorb the carbon dioxide during the day and release oxygen so that humans can breathe it in. However, at night the trees will release this carbon dioxide into the air. Humans, on the other hand, do the opposite. We breathe in the oxygen provided by the plants and breathe out carbon dioxide that the plants absorb. The carbon cycle is important because the earth needs to be filled with oxygen in order for humans and animals to survive. Greenhouse gases are gases that surround the earth. They are there to partially trap the heat rays from the sun that bounce back so that the earth can be fit for human and flora and fauna life. A few of the gases include Carbon Dioxide and Methane. After there is a border around the earth of these gases, the UV rays would bounce back onto the earth and continue to heat it up. It is important we have these gases to trap a bit of heat otherwise the earth would be at minus degrees temperatures which is not possible for humans to live in. LVAL pWhere carbon is being 'recycled'. It allows carbon to be used in different ways.Yes but very rare, nearly impossible. The Butterfly Effect is something that has been scientifically investigated. The butterfly can trigger a wind movement that gathers speed as it moves north, which would trigger several wind movements that would lead to Alaska, and cause a snowstorm. This is not possible, as the wings of a butterfly do not have a sufficient surface area to disturb an amount of particles large enough to cause a snowstorm. The particles that are affected by the butterfly flapping its wings are simply too few in volume to cause a disastrous event in another country. Think of it logically - every time a butterfly flaps its wings, does a snowstorm occur? It is extremely unlikely, as there are millions of butterflies on this earth, and many fewer snowstorms. Also, the movement of air particles does not necessarily mean that snow will be affected - it may cause air movement, but where does the snow come from? How is it caused simply by the movement of air? I cannot adequately answer these questions as I do not yet have enough knowledge, but I am under the distinct impression that the simple movement of a miniscule pair of wings will not cause a snowstorm in another country.This is called as the butterfly effect, the theory that bigger occurences start from something small. In this case, it is belived that a butterfly flapping its wings in Brazil can jiggle the air and thus can help cause a snowstorm in Alaska. I believe that this is highly unlikely due to the distance and because the air that is juiggle will soon combined into the air around it, becoming normal once more. Just because somebody stomps on the ground in China does not mean that an earthquake will occur in Canada. The same applies to the butterfly affect and if it does exist, there is not much we can put in place to prevent the effects from continuing.$8 b ! K s  Pz9:2Fp/YwllB@00000028climate_knowledge_7@pretest02^L@ wllB@00000028climate_knowledge_6pretest02^L@ wllB@00000028climate_knowledge_5@pretest02^L@ wllB@00000028climate_knowledge_4@pretest02^L@ wllB@00000028climate_knowledge_3X@pretest02^L@ wllB@00000028climate_knowledge_2pretest02^L@ wllB@00000028climate_knowledge_1b@pretest02^L@ lB@00000002climate_knowledge_confidence3pretest02r`R lB@00000002climate_knowledge_10t@pretest02`NB lB@00000002climate_knowledge_9"acid rain because I don't knowpretest02n@ lB@00000002climate_knowledge_8I HAVE NO IDEApretest02n\@ lB@00000002climate_knowledge_7I HAVE NO IDEApretest02n\@ lB@00000002climate_knowledge_6- fog - rain - cloudspretest02we@ lB@00000002climate_knowledge_5@pretest02^L@ lB@00000002climate_knowledge_4:@pretest02^L@ lB@00000002climate_knowledge_3@pretest02^L@ lB@00000002climate_knowledge_2@pretest02^L@ lB@00000002climate_knowledge_1^@pretest02^L@  lB@problem_solving_confidence2pretest03^L>  lB@problem_solving_1@pretest03J8, {olB@00000019problem_solving_confidence2pretest03n\N {olB@00000019problem_solving_1@pretest03ZH< QlB@00000009climate_knowledge_confidence3pretest02r`R QlB@00000009climate_knowledge_10@pretest02`NB QlB@00000009climate_knowledge_9pretest02^L@ QlB@00000009climate_knowledge_8pretest02^L@ QlB@00000009climate_knowledge_7pretest02^L@ QlB@00000009climate_knowledge_6pretest02^L@ QlB@00000009climate_knowledge_5@pretest02^L@ QlB@00000009climate_knowledge_4.@pretest02^L@ QlB@00000009climate_knowledge_3(@pretest02^L@ QlB@00000009climate_knowledge_2pretest02^L@ QlB@00000009climate_knowledge_1@pretest02^L@ lB@00000022problem_solving_confidence1pretest03n\N lB@00000022problem_solving_1J@pretest03ZH< lB@00000018problem_solving_confidence1pretest03n\N ~LVAL ~No. Climate is based on weather conditions over a periodd of time. Weather can only be predicted ahead of around a week, but climate is reflective of weather over time of at least one year. Weather conditions fluctuate and can be unpredictable.Weather can be predicted somewhat correctly to a certain degree of accuracy ahead of around one week. The predicted data could still be incorrect to the actual conditions. All the factors of weather conditions change every second, minute and hour of the day no matter how subtle.They are different. Weather is the short term conditions of an environment such as temperature, humidity and rainfall of a particular day, week or month, where as climate is weather data collected over a prolonged period of time (e.g one year and onwards) which provides a broad long term 'picture' of an area's weather conditions. Climate is catergorised into groups such as tropical, sub-tropical and temperate reflecting the weather conditions over observation of a long time, while weather is more of a short term observation.Greenhouse gases are gases which retain heat in the atmosphere. Some of these gases are naturally occuring such as oxygen, but some excess gases are caused by the actions of humans, such as the burning of fossil fuels. These gases are important because they regulate the earth's temperature. Without these gases the earth could be around thirty degrees celcius cooler. No. I believe this is NOT possible. A butterfly flapping its wings does not cause enough air movement to cause a snowstorm in Alaska. A butterfly is only a small part of huge ecosystem and if one butterfly could cause a stormstorm, far away on a separate continent, then many more bigger animals that just a butterfly would cause us to have a crazy chaotic climate system. A snowstorm is caused by large air movement and a butterfly is not significant enough to cause such an event. However, if it does occur, it would be an EXTREMELY rare event.LVAL  fhExamples of certain aspect of climate, particular to a climate system.A balance in climate systems that flows smoothly.Weather can be predicted but these predictions are only approximate since the weather can change dramatically. Weather can only be predicted to up to 1 week.Weather and climate are 2 different things. Wind and rain are types of weather and they can cause the wearing away of rocks, whereas climate is temperature, air pressure systems and wind cycles which don't affect physical land features.The carbon cycle is the continuous recycling of carbon. The carbon cycle is important since all living things are made from the carbon atom. all living things are made from the carbon atom their compounds be solid liquid or gas they can help form solid things like limestone or squishy organisms like animals and plantsGreenhouse gases are products made from the burning of resources. They are important for they keep some of the sun's warmth in the earth's atmosphere which helps keep us warm.No, this is not possible because such a small action cannot lead to such an event with such a large impact. Also, air cannot be 'jiggled' and air is forever constantly moving. A butterfly flapping its wings is just like someone respiring and you don't see someone's breathing creating a cyclone so why would a butterfly flapping its wings create such a large effect? No, this is not possible because such a small action cannot lead to such an event with such a large impact. Also, air cannot be 'jiggled' and air is forever constantly moving. A butterfly flapping its wings is just like someone respiring and you don't see someone's breathing creating a cyclone so why would a butterfly flapping its wings create such a large effect? The current global climate system is somewhat stable. The earth is warming slowly around one degree celcius every year, but generally the earth has not yet reached prolonged climate extremes. LVAL  :yes. climate is driven by earth's energy imbalance and as such, is more predictableit involves carbon atoms rotating around our ecosystem and this is important because it allows all living things to function.No, many people are still not full aware of the dangers of climate change, therefore they are not necessarily trying to help keep the climate systems stable.For example, if the temperature gets warmer, the sea temperature will rise causing the sea ice to melt, destroying the habitat of many living animals. So if the number of these animals decrease, the predator of these animals will also decrease.Yes it can. There are weather stations and meteorologists who can predict the weather by looking at the earth's weather patterns.Weather and climate are different. Weather is the change of temperature in a short period of time while climate is the change of the temperature over a long period of time.Greenhouse gases are created by many human activities, one being the burning of fossil fuels. It is important as it is one of the major factors of climate change. There is a layer around the earth that acts like a blanket, that protects the earth from the sun's powerful ultra violet (UV) rays. This layer lets some of the sun's rays into the earth's atmosphere and bounces some back. But when the greenhouse gases are created, it clashes with this layer around the earth, letting more rays of UV into the earth, therefore resulting in more hotter temperatures.No it isn't because climate change is affecting the earth's climate system. The melting of the ice caps is raising water levels on earth which in turn affect the way the climate behaves.Climate can be predicted as we can differ low pressure from high pressure air systems which push air from places to places. High pressure systems push warm air into areas of low pressure bringing different temperatures to the areas of low pressure.['*> \ z  1 O * ~(\qo4ba A B@00000070languagenopretestH:* A B@00000070genderfemalepretestH:& A B@00000070DOB_year1998pretestJ<* A B@00000070DOB_month12pretestJ<, A B@00000070DOB_day25pretestF8( }B@00000086math_grade_last_yearpretest\NB }B@00000086math_grade_half_yearpretest\NB }B@00000086science_grade_last_yearpretestbTH }B@00000086science_grade_half_yearpretestbTH }B@00000086language_otherpretestPB6 }B@00000086languageyespretestI;* }B@00000086genderfemalepretestH:& }B@00000086DOB_year1998pretestJ<* }B@00000086DOB_month09pretestJ<, }B@00000086DOB_day14pretestF8( D9B@00000085math_grade_last_yearpretest\NB D9B@00000085math_grade_half_yearpretest\NB D9B@00000085science_grade_last_yearpretestbTH D9B@00000085science_grade_half_yearpretestbTH D9B@00000085language_otherpretestPB6 D9B@00000085languageyespretestI;* D9B@00000085genderfemalepretestH:& D9B@00000085DOB_year1998pretestJ<* D9B@00000085DOB_month08pretestJ<, D9B@00000085DOB_day13pretestF8( mFmB@00000028problem_solving_confidence3pretest03n\N mFmB@00000028problem_solving_1@pretest03ZH< p^M(Weather can be predicated by weather forecasts which look at the expected rainfall and tempertaure through the use of scientific utilities.at this rate, with all the pollution going on, the earth is going to warm up faster and faster. If it is not stopped, the polar ice caps would melt causing severe flooding and infertile soil.climate can be predicted as it's a long term quality of an area, so after some experiments, we can find out if the area will be hot in the future or if it would be tropical.it cannot be predicted more than a week before as the weather is affected by many things such as wind patterns, heat waves and human activity itself. This is why it can't be predicted for more than a week before a certain day.They are different: weather is the immediate qualities of an area, such as sunny, overcast, windy, while climate is the long term quality of an area,e.g. Australia is a dry country, rainforests are wet and tropical. greenhouse gases are harmful gases that get released into the atmosphere because of pollution and harm the ozone layer, creating 'holes', which allow more UV radiation to enter the earth. This heats up the earth more than normal and may melt the polar ice caps, causing severe flooding on lands below sea level. Greenhouse gases are the effect of the trapping of heat in the atmosphere. WIthout greenhouse gases, the Earth would be considerably colder as they help keep the Earth warm.No, the flapping of the butterfly's wings in Brazil can not help cause a snowstorm in Alaska. As, firstly, the flapping of a butterfly's wings are not big enough to cause any sort of wind or even for this matter, snow. Snowstorms are caused by drastic weather patterns. Thus it is not possible for a butterfly's wings' to cause a snowstorm. Secondly, Alaska is nowhere near where Brazil. So even if a butterfly in Brazil, did cause a snowstorm it wouldn't be in Alaska, as it on the other side of the earth. Therefore the flapping of a butterfly's wind can not cause a snowstorm in Alaska. !)*N 9 8 d  s  q2\ [Ki@= y@B@00000086science-attitude-84pretest01^L> y@B@00000086science-attitude-74pretest01^L> y@B@00000086science-attitude-63pretest01^L> y@B@00000086science-attitude-54pretest01^L> y@B@00000086science-attitude-42pretest01^L> y@B@00000086science-attitude-33pretest01^L> y@B@00000086science-attitude-23pretest01^L> y@B@00000086science-attitude-13pretest01^L> @ B@00000088math_grade_last_yearApretest^PB @ B@00000088math_grade_half_yearBpretest^PB @ B@00000088science_grade_last_yearApretestdVH @ B@00000088science_grade_half_yearApretestdVH @ B@00000088language_other MandarinpretestZL6 @ B@00000088languagenopretestH:* @ B@00000088genderfemalepretestH:& @ B@00000088DOB_year1998pretestJ<* @ B@00000088DOB_month09pretestJ<, @ B@00000088DOB_day04pretestF8(  B@00000087math_grade_last_yearBpretest^PB  B@00000087math_grade_half_yearApretest^PB  B@00000087science_grade_last_yearBpretestdVH 8'*)   : h  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Climate on the other hand is the avergae weather over several years on a partcular area.No, because parts of Antarctica and the Arctic circle are melting, and there are more heatwaves, and England is actually warm, and this year's 'winter' feels like spring, and the world is getting warmer everyday because humans are producing too much greenhouse gases by burning fossil fuels and destroying the ozone layer and getting rid of forests.Maybe? There are many predictions about how the climate will be at the end of this year, but until that time comes, we won't know if the prediction is accurate or not.Yes, but only within the next few days. Once you start trying to predict the weather more than a week before it happens, your predictions become less accurate because weather has not been fully understood by scientists.Weather and climate are different, climate focuses on things like cold and warm fronts and pressure systems, and weather focuses on more general things like temperature and rainfall.Greenhouse gases keep the earth warm, by trapping some of the heat released by the sun. Some greenhouse gases are carbon dioxide and water vapour. These are important because without them, the earth would be approximately 35 degrees cooler.No. An increase in our individual carbon footprint has lead to a jump in the amount of harm done to the ozone layer, leaving us on the receiving end of an Earth with melting ice caps and rapidly rising sea levels. Climate is any change in temperature, wind or rain over a long period of time. Weather is similar, but can be recorded for any period of time, and predicted a week in advance.Greenhouse gases are the gases that are trapped within the Earth's ozone layer, unable to radiate out of it, therefore trapping heat with them. They are important as they sustain the Earth's temperature and keep us warm. d#0 : d # M a  Hn'=g0RbB@00000079climate_knowledge_9 what even..pretest02kY@ RbB@00000079climate_knowledge_8 no ideapretest02gU@ RbB@00000079climate_knowledge_7 lol whatpretest02hV@ RbB@00000079climate_knowledge_6 i dont knowpretest02kY@ RbB@00000079climate_knowledge_5@3pretest02^L@ RbB@00000079climate_knowledge_44@3pretest02^L@ RbB@00000079climate_knowledge_3d@ 2pretest02^L@ RbB@00000079climate_knowledge_2N@pretest02^L@ RbB@00000079climate_knowledge_1L@2pretest02^L@ >T`B@00000076climate_knowledge_confidence1pretest02r`R >T`B@00000076climate_knowledge_10@2pretest02`NB >T`B@00000076climate_knowledge_9?pretest02`N@ >T`B@00000076climate_knowledge_8?pretest02`N@ >T`B@00000076climate_knowledge_7?pretest02`N@ >T`B@00000076climate_knowledge_6?pretest02`N@ >T`B@00000076climate_knowledge_5?pretest02`N@ >T`B@00000076climate_knowledge_4@pretest02^L@ >T`B@00000076climate_knowledge_3@2pretest02^L@ >T`B@00000076climate_knowledge_2&@2pretest02^L@ >T`B@00000076climate_knowledge_1d@2pretest02^L@ >T`B@00000078climate_knowledge_confidence2pretest02r`R >T`B@00000078climate_knowledge_10@2pretest02`NB >T`B@00000078climate_knowledge_9pretest02^L@ >T`B@00000078climate_knowledge_8pretest02^L@ >T`B@00000078climate_knowledge_7pretest02^L@ >T`B@00000078climate_knowledge_6@ pretest02^L@ >T`B@00000078climate_knowledge_5@2pretest02^L@ >T`B@00000078climate_knowledge_4@pretest02^L@ >T`B@00000078climate_knowledge_3L@2pretest02^L@ >T`B@00000078climate_knowledge_2 The carbon cycle is asdfghjkl.pretest02~l@ >T`B@00000078climate_knowledge_1d@2pretest02^L@ q\B@00000061climate_knowledge_confidence2pretest02r`R q\B@00000061climate_knowledge_10@pretest02`NB q\B@00000061climate_knowledge_9pretest02^L@ q\B@00000061climate_knowledge_8im not sure pretest02lZ@ 4LVAL P < b  pXGreenhouse gases are the gases that are produced by the suns ultra-violet radition. it is important because it is able to protect the earth.weather and climate are different things. weather describes the temperature on a certain day whereas climate is an average temperature over a longer range, e.g. a month, or year.Greenhouse gases are gases which are trapped inside the earth's atmosphere and slowly heat up the earth. They are important because they contribute to climate change.The current global climate system is not stable right now because of global warming and climate change. It is causing different parts of the Earth to become warmer than usual and this makes the system unstable.No, weather is the conditions of a certain place at a certain time, while climate is the conditions of an area over a long period of time.The carbon cycle is a cycle of carbon that is released into our atmosphere. Plants like trees absorb this carbon and convert it during the process of photosynthesis. It is important because if there is too much carbon in the air it will be poisonous to most species on Earth.Greenhouse gases are gases that are trapped inside the earth's atmosphere and reflected back to the earth. As a result, the earth heats up and the grenhouse effect takes place. The current global climate system is more stable than not, but in the future it won't be. Temperatures are just slightly higher and if there is a steady increase in co2 and methane gases it will no longer be appropiate for life on earth.Climate can be predicted because it is based on information gathered over a long span of time and it calculated from recorded information.Weather and climate are different. Weather is the short-term change in the atmosphere whereas climate is the long-term change in the atmosphere over a period of time.Greeenhouse gases are gases for example co2 and methane that trap the heat on earth from radiating into space. They are important in maintaining the earth's temperature for life.*LVAL " ` j4HThe current global climate system is quite unstable as there have been a number of destructive natural disasters recently, and good evidence to suggest that human activities are affecting the earth and creating an unstable environment to live in.The 'tragedy of the commons' relates to parts of the world owned by everyone but taken responsibility for by none. For instance, the atmosphere and air is a 'common' since, although there is no way to distinguish whose air it is, everyone uses (breathes in) it, and there is no way to make anyone take responsibility because it is common property.Climate can be forecast to a certain extent; people may observe the way weather patterns have been changing over a long period of time as well as trends (e.g. rising temperatures) and make a reasonable, educated guess about what might happen next.Weather can be forecast to a certain extent when people observe the way tides, currents, breezes, and hot/cold fronts are moving and make a prediction about what we think may happen in the near future.The carbon cycle involves the 'lifespan' of carbon produced on earth. For instance, trees die and are buried underground for many years. This stores the carbon undeground. If it's dug up by humans and burnt, the carbon is released into the atmosphere.Greenhouse gases are gases that form a layer in the earth's atmosphere. They trap part of the sun's heat within the earth, which is what keeps the earth at a hospitable temperature to life forms and allows it to sustain life.yes, the climate can be predicted. the climate is ranged over many days and months, so it may be easier to guess the average temperature of a certain place than to guess the temperature of a certain day and place.weather is a highly dependent variable, the outcome of the weather depends on several variables making it hard to predict how it will turn out. but yes, the weather can be predicted as a prediction does not necessarily mean the guess is correct, it means the guess is well informed.6$> h ' Q e $ Nx 5Ku 4Trt@gB@00000061problem_solving_1@6pretest03ZH< (gB@00000087climate_knowledge_confidence3pretest02r`R (gB@00000087climate_knowledge_10@6pretest02`NB (gB@00000087climate_knowledge_9 No idea.pretest02hV@ (gB@00000087climate_knowledge_8 No idea.pretest02hV@ (gB@00000087climate_knowledge_7l@6pretest02^L@ (gB@00000087climate_knowledge_6:@6pretest02^L@ (gB@00000087climate_knowledge_5$@6pretest02^L@ (gB@00000087climate_knowledge_4r@6pretest02^L@ (gB@00000087climate_knowledge_3n@5pretest02^L@ (gB@00000087climate_knowledge_2@5pretest02^L@ (gB@00000087climate_knowledge_1N@5pretest02^L@ { eB@00000065climate_knowledge_confidence1pretest02r`R { eB@00000065climate_knowledge_108@5pretest02`NB { eB@00000065climate_knowledge_9 @5pretest02^L@ { eB@00000065climate_knowledge_8pretest02^L@ { eB@00000065climate_knowledge_7@5pretest02^L@ { eB@00000065climate_knowledge_6pretest02^L@ { eB@00000065climate_knowledge_5@5pretest02^L@ { eB@00000065climate_knowledge_4@5pretest02^L@ { eB@00000065climate_knowledge_3@5pretest02^L@ { eB@00000065climate_knowledge_2@ pretest02^L@ { eB@00000065climate_knowledge_1@ 2pretest02^L@ f[eB@00000077climate_knowledge_confidence2pretest02r`R f[eB@00000077climate_knowledge_10@3pretest02`NB f[eB@00000077climate_knowledge_9@3pretest02^L@ f[eB@00000077climate_knowledge_8pretest02^L@ f[eB@00000077climate_knowledge_7pretest02^L@ f[eB@00000077climate_knowledge_6`@ pretest02^L@ f[eB@00000077climate_knowledge_5@3pretest02^L@ f[eB@00000077climate_knowledge_4@3pretest02^L@ f[eB@00000077climate_knowledge_3@ pretest02^L@ f[eB@00000077climate_knowledge_2@3pretest02^L@ f[eB@00000077climate_knowledge_1@3pretest02^L@ RbB@00000079climate_knowledge_confidence1pretest02r`R RbB@00000079climate_knowledge_10@pretest02`NB LVAL \ b*They are different - climate is where there are long-term changes in the Earth's atmosphere over a specific area - weather is much more short-term and can range over different places.No idea, but I think it's where carbon dioxide is absorbed into carbon-dioxide-abosorbing organisms and is stored in them until they are either burnt to release the carbon inside or left to stay inside when the organism dies.Greenhouse gases are gases that occur naturally in the Earth's atmosphere, such as carbon dioxide and methane that trap some of the Sun's warmth reflected off the Earth's surface, essentially being a blanket. Without greenhouse gases, they Earth would be 30degrees Celcius colder than it is now.It is not stable. It is not stable due to the concept of global warming. Due to the rapidly depleating of the ozone layer, the ice caps are melting. This results in rising sea levels as well as an increase in temperature and in extreme weather. (e.g. floods, heatwaves, droughts etc.)Floods, earthquakes, droughts are examples of 'tragedy of the commons'. This is because they are on both sides of the extremes of common weatherair, water, fire and earth are the dynamic equilibrium. this is because they are the influencing factors that determine climate systemsClimate can also be predicted to a certain extent, however it also can not be 100% accurate. This is because there are many influencing factors. In order to predict climate, it is necessary to monitor weather over a pro-longed period of time (dozens of years).Weather can be predicted to a certain extent, however it can not be 100% accurate. Weather can be predicted through observation and studies of the movements of pressure systems, hot and cold fronts and other geographic terms. Weather and climate are not the same. Weather is a variety of information related to the atmosphere for a specific date or time. Climate is an average of atmospheric data collected over a long period of time. LVALj 0 bdynamic equilibrium is where the climate system is stable and there is no changeIn a way, this is possible, but in another way, it's quite ridiculous. A single butterfly could move some air in Brazil, which could move more air, and this air could slowly move towards Alaska and get bigger as it progresses, causing a snowstorm. However, if this theory was actually true, there would probably be a million storms happening at once because of the large population of butterflies, and this would probably turn the world into a dystopia.I dont think it would be possible for one butterfly alone to be able to create a snowstorm in Alaska. To create a snowstorm a lot of force, power and energy would be recquired and a little butterfly flapping its wings wouldnt provied this No it isn't - that much I know. The definition of stable in climate would be that of minor changes or fluctuations to an otherwise constant and relatively predictable flow of weather, but it seems that, especially in temperate areas of the world the extreme differences of Summer and Winter and perhaps fading, with Winter becoming warmer and Summer remaining as a very hot season.Dynamic equilibrum in climate systems is essentially where if one place is cold, then there must be some other time where it could be warmer, or the climate changes. This is a guess.For example, scientists have predicted that the Earth will become warmer due to global warming effects, and it has been proving true so far - winter in Australia seems warmer now and summer is searing hot, when compared to earlier data of temperatures in Australia for example in 1990.Because climate is much more progressive, it can be easier to predict what it would be like years from now, judging from averaging data collected.Weather can be predicted, but the outcome may vary, since it's hard to predict something in the future with all the uncertainities where swirls and eddies of air can change the weather.e%8 b ! K s J Is,V?i(uB@00000090climate_knowledge_4L@8pretest02^L@ uB@00000090climate_knowledge_3N@8pretest02^L@ uB@00000090climate_knowledge_2@8pretest02^L@ uB@00000090climate_knowledge_1x@8pretest02^L@ VJsB@00000075science-attitude-93pretest01^L> VJsB@00000075science-attitude-83pretest01^L> VJsB@00000075science-attitude-73pretest01^L> VJsB@00000075science-attitude-63pretest01^L> VJsB@00000075science-attitude-53pretest01^L> VJsB@00000075science-attitude-43pretest01^L> VJsB@00000075science-attitude-33pretest01^L> VJsB@00000075science-attitude-23pretest01^L> VJsB@00000075science-attitude-13pretest01^L> ;L]nB@00000075math_grade_last_yearBpretest^PB ;L]nB@00000075math_grade_half_yearBpretest^PB ;L]nB@00000075science_grade_last_yearBpretestdVH ;L]nB@00000075science_grade_half_yearBpretestdVH ;L]nB@00000075language_otherKoreanpretestXJ6 ;L]nB@00000075languagenopretestH:* ;L]nB@00000075genderfemalepretestH:& ;L]nB@00000075DOB_year1999pretestJ<* ;L]nB@00000075DOB_month04pretestJ<, ;L]nB@00000075DOB_day09pretestF8( kB@00000070climate_knowledge_confidence1pretest02r`R kB@00000070climate_knowledge_10@8pretest02`NB kB@00000070climate_knowledge_9pretest02^L@ kB@00000070climate_knowledge_8pretest02^L@ kB@00000070climate_knowledge_7pretest02^L@ kB@00000070climate_knowledge_6pretest02^L@ kB@00000070climate_knowledge_5@8pretest02^L@ kB@00000070climate_knowledge_4@ pretest02^L@ kB@00000070climate_knowledge_3@8pretest02^L@ kB@00000070climate_knowledge_2pretest02^L@ kB@00000070climate_knowledge_1@8pretest02^L@ 6iB@00000083problem_solving_confidence2pretest03n\N 6iB@00000083problem_solving_1@6pretest03ZH< t@gB@00000061problem_solving_confidence3pretest03n\N LVAL R| L@ climate can be predicted because the climate of a place is based on its position on the earth for example, the areas around the equator would be hot because the sunlight reaches the equator first, and thus would be hot all year roundwith todays technology, weather can be reasonably predicted to the next couple of days, but it is not entirely accurate, as the weather can change at a moments noticeweather is generally used in the short term, as in today, tommorrow, whereas climate is used for a longer period of time, and the generalisation of the weather systemsthe carbon cycle is the cycle of carbon dioxide in the world. it is in the air, then absorbed by the trees, and as the trees die and are turned into coal then burnt as fuel, the carbon dioxide is released again into the airgreenhouse gases are important because they keep the earth's temperature stable and livable and 33 degrees warmer (on average) than it would be without them. they are the gases that reflect back the sun's warmth and heat to the earth, thus helping the earth retain it's warmth CO2 and methane are some of the gasesNo, the current global system is not stable. This is because the climate can not stay the same due to global warming. Due to the new technology and the harmful gases emitted, the environement is changing, thus, the climate is not stable.Climate can not be predicted. Climate can not be predicted as it is a calculation after a year or more. Thus, rainfall, humidity etc must be calculated and due to global warming and the changing environment, none of these can be predicted.Weather and climate are different. The climate is the changing weather.It includes rainfall, wind speed etc in climate. Climate is calculated throughout the year or a group of years. The weather is the temerapture of a certain place.Greenhouse gases are the gases that are produced by the green house effect. The gases prodcued are harmful to the environment, including the climate. Greenhouse agses also contribute to pollution and global warming.$*T | ' Q a u 0Nx 7a8V^B{B@00000085problem_solving_1@=pretest03ZH< TvzB@00000067problem_solving_confidence2pretest03n\N TvzB@00000067problem_solving_1@=pretest03ZH< zB@00000086climate_knowledge_confidence3pretest02r`R zB@00000086climate_knowledge_10@pretest02`NB zB@00000086climate_knowledge_9pretest02^L@ zB@00000086climate_knowledge_8@pretest02^L@ zB@00000086climate_knowledge_7@<pretest02^L@ zB@00000086climate_knowledge_6z@<pretest02^L@ zB@00000086climate_knowledge_5r@<pretest02^L@ zB@00000086climate_knowledge_4@<pretest02^L@ zB@00000086climate_knowledge_3J@<pretest02^L@ zB@00000086climate_knowledge_2@<pretest02^L@ zB@00000086climate_knowledge_1@<pretest02^L@ GyB@00000076problem_solving_confidence1pretest03n\N GyB@00000076problem_solving_1,@;pretest03ZH< xB@00000068problem_solving_confidence3pretest03n\N xB@00000068problem_solving_1@;pretest03ZH< wwwwB@00000066climate_knowledge_confidence2pretest02r`R wwwwB@00000066climate_knowledge_10@;pretest02`NB wwwwB@00000066climate_knowledge_9 Bad stuff.pretest02jX@ wwwwB@00000066climate_knowledge_8@pretest02^L@ wwwwB@00000066climate_knowledge_7something scientificpretest02tb@ wwwwB@00000066climate_knowledge_6NO idea. Feedback as in?pretest02xf@ wwwwB@00000066climate_knowledge_5 @;pretest02^L@ wwwwB@00000066climate_knowledge_4N@:pretest02^L@ wwwwB@00000066climate_knowledge_3@:pretest02^L@ wwwwB@00000066climate_knowledge_2@:pretest02^L@ wwwwB@00000066climate_knowledge_1@:pretest02^L@ uB@00000090climate_knowledge_confidence2pretest02r`R uB@00000090climate_knowledge_10@:pretest02`NB uB@00000090climate_knowledge_9pretest02^L@ uB@00000090climate_knowledge_8pretest02^L@ uB@00000090climate_knowledge_7pretest02^L@ uB@00000090climate_knowledge_6pretest02^L@ uB@00000090climate_knowledge_5@8pretest02^L@ LVAL Weather can be predicted, because we have satellites and other forms of technology which help us foretell the weather. We see the weather forecast on the news, which is very accurate. The use of the satellites can show us the cloud movements, cold fronts, high and low pressure systems, rain. However sometimes weather is not predicted exactly, as there are still many parts of nature which humans do not fully understand. Weather is short term which can mainly referring to temperature and atmosphere. Weather includes rainy, sunny, windy, snow, cold or hot. Climate refers to long term weather, usually over a period of time. Climate states the general temperature, humidity, atmosphere. For example, a desert's climate is usually hot and dry, whereas a tropical rainforest would be wet and humid. The carbon cycle is the release of carbon dioxide through humans, human waste into the atmosphere. Plants absorb the carbon dioxide. It is important because it affects our earth's temperature, air and environment. It also keeps the plants alive, therefore animals and other forms of nature. Without carbon, we would have nothing living.Greenhouse gases are types of gases which trap heat in the earth's atmosphere. They create a layer above the earth which does not allow the reflecting sun's rays to bounce out into space. Carbon dioxide is an example of a greenhouse gas. They are important because they trap enough heat in to keep the night warm, when the sun's rays is not directed at us. Without greenhouse gases, the earth's average temperature could be approximately -18 degrees celcius.the current global climate system is not very stable because the earth is warming up due to the interference of mankind and the subsequent burning of fossil fuels, creating much more carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. although the temperature is increasing at a predicted rate, the warming up of the world affects nature with even the slightest change in temperature LVAL ^ I don't think this is realistic unless the force the butterfly exerts into the air when it flaps its wings is great enough to change the wind patterns in the atmosphere and these wind patterns are strong enough to change the climate and cause a snowstorm all the way in Alaska. This interesting idea may infact be possible as everything is connected one way or another. If a worm is moved from an area by a human, a bird and it's family may go hungry and die, causing ants to feast on the remains. While the ants are milling around the bodies of the birds they may get killed by predators or may get caught in an ant mill (an interesting accident where the lead ant follows the trail pheromone of the last ant and they keep going in a circle until they die of exhaustion). This ant mill may kill the whole colony and their corpses would fertilise the soil allowing more plants to grow out of the soil, which in turn would allow more oxygen to be released into the atmosphere and would clean the air so all animals who breath oxygen would continue living. As you saw, this all occured because one human picked up a worm before a bird got to it. This led to a series of effects and kept going like a domino effect and kept building up. So the line 'a butterfly flapping its wings in Brazil can jiggle the air and thus can help cause a snowstorm in Alaska' may very well be possible.Nope. Our globe's temperature is gradually rising due to the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. We have sudden changes in weather such as floods, dust storms, bushfires. THe poles are melting.Climate can be predicted because there are patterns. For example, central Australia has always been hot and dry, therefore we can predict that the climate of central Australia is hot and dry. Using statistics from before, we can graph the climate and predict future climates. For example, we know that the earth is warming up, from comparing previous temperature records to present records.LVAL\l " t emergent properties are properties that do not naturally exist within the climate system but occur artificially.Dynamic equilibrium would mean that the elements must balance out and owrk in harmony in order to creat idyllistic conditions on this planet. For example if there is too much rain combined with too much cloud cover, the area would be created into a marshland of some sort, as it would be too much rain and not enough evaporation. Feedback is the effect of human actions on the climate systems. An example of feedback can be the excessive relase of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere leading to the warming ofthe earth. Climate cannot be predicted as the elements can take erratic turns, changing the weather for that day and therefore altering the climate. It is hard to predict the climate accurately because winds are everchanging and can drastically alter conditions. However, the naming of the seasons and the conditions they bring are predictions of climate, which are often correct but are recently seen as being proved wrong e.g. hot weather in winter. Weather can be predicted to a certain extent, as people can look at the patterns of the winds and clouds on the earth and guess the conditions coming because of the pattern seen by the elements, e.g. cold fronts. Weather and climate are not the same thing. Weather is the state of the atmosphere at a given time and climate is the state of the atmosphere over a period of time. The carbon cycle is the movement of carbon through different forms, such as gas in the atmosphere and in plants. It is important because it is essential for plants to grow, and plants produce oxygen, which enables humans and other species to grow. Greenhouse gases are a combinatin of gases enveloping the earth, primarily composed of carbon dioxide. They are important because they absorb solar radiation, therefore deterring the planet from overheating. LVAL bit is where natural resources are unequally distributed and this is a 'tragedy' as the resources are global.Greenhouse gases are the byproduct of burning fossil fuels. THey are important because a buildup of these gases could potentially heat up the earth and disturb the balance of life on earth.'A butterfly flapping its wings in Brazil can jiggle the air and thus can help create a snowstorm in Alaska' This is not possible because only a lot of butterflies would be able to create enough of an effect but even then not all the way to Alaska. Instead of blaming it on nature we have to assess all the different activities that humans do even closer to Alaska that 'jiggle the air' Even if Brazil was close to Alaska, we can assume that it is not because butterflies need it to be a certain temperature to even fly. On top of that, butterfly populations are generally restricted in that most only live for a couple of days, maybe weeks. Other aspects of nature too, like the butterfly, 'jiggle the air' like birds whom certainly move the air rather than just floatng-like movements like the butterfly. In conclusion, it appears that the theory of butterflies affecting snowstorms in Alaska seems highly unlikely and therefore can safely conclude it to be not possible.This is not at all possible as the sheer difference in distance between Alaska and Brazil would be just too much to even trigger the lightest breeze anywhere near it. This also in comparison to the small size of a butterfly just doesn't make sense. Even with the power of 100 butterflies 'jiggling the air' it would not be enough to cause even a quarter of the energy required to create a snowstorm, let alone in Alaska. Snowstorms are caused by rapid, strong winds blowing over areas of loose snow, and a butterfly even in Alaska on site of where the snowstorm were to be would not be able to contribute to it at the slightest. w#D n x  - W 8`v 5_2tB@00000086problem_solving_1@Apretest03ZH< rB@00000089climate_knowledge_confidence3pretest02r`R rB@00000089climate_knowledge_10@Apretest02`NB rB@00000089climate_knowledge_9@pretest02^L@ rB@00000089climate_knowledge_8@pretest02^L@ rB@00000089climate_knowledge_70@Apretest02^L@ rB@00000089climate_knowledge_6T@Apretest02^L@ rB@00000089climate_knowledge_5j@Apretest02^L@ rB@00000089climate_knowledge_4@Apretest02^L@ rB@00000089climate_knowledge_3\@Apretest02^L@ rB@00000089climate_knowledge_2@Apretest02^L@ rB@00000089climate_knowledge_1(@@pretest02^L@ [B@00000082climate_knowledge_confidence2pretest02r`R [B@00000082climate_knowledge_10@@pretest02`NB [B@00000082climate_knowledge_9h@@pretest02^L@ [B@00000082climate_knowledge_8??pretest02bP@ [B@00000082climate_knowledge_7??pretest02bP@ [B@00000082climate_knowledge_6@@pretest02^L@ [B@00000082climate_knowledge_56@@pretest02^L@ [B@00000082climate_knowledge_4@@pretest02^L@ [B@00000082climate_knowledge_3V@@pretest02^L@ [B@00000082climate_knowledge_2,@?pretest02^L@ [B@00000082climate_knowledge_12@?pretest02^L@ SB@00000081climate_knowledge_confidence2pretest02r`R SB@00000081climate_knowledge_10h@?pretest02`NB SB@00000081climate_knowledge_9I don't know.pretest02m[@ SB@00000081climate_knowledge_8I don't know.pretest02m[@ SB@00000081climate_knowledge_7I don't know. pretest02n\@ SB@00000081climate_knowledge_6I don't know. pretest02n\@ SB@00000081climate_knowledge_5@?pretest02^L@ SB@00000081climate_knowledge_4N@?pretest02^L@ SB@00000081climate_knowledge_3@?pretest02^L@ SB@00000081climate_knowledge_2@?pretest02^L@ SB@00000081climate_knowledge_1z@=pretest02^L@ ^B{B@00000085problem_solving_confidence2pretest03n\N hLVALZ d8An example of the 'tragedy of the commons' in climate systems *whispers* I don't knooowThe carbon cycle is the cycle that carbon dioxide goes through to end up in the atmosphere. This is from living things such as animals and humans, breathing in oxygen and breathing out carbon dioxide which is put into the air. This carbon dioxide is then a part of photosynthesis by plants where they 'breathe' in the carbon dioxide and then 'breathe' out oxygen, thus creating the cycle that balances out.Greenhouse gases are the gases such as carbon dioxide, oxygon , nitrogen etc. in the atmosphere that trap the heat rays of the sun that are reflected and absorbed off the earth. They are important as they keep the earth's temperature warm enough for ecosystems to survive and grow.No, the current climate system is not stable due to humans burning fossil fuels and releasing carbon into the atmosphere, which in turn disturbs the balance of life on earth. it is not stable because the world is warming up and environmental systems are becoming unbalanced. for example the migration of birds and whether or not there will be food at the destination. Also, pollution is also fatal to not only animals but also humans. .I'm not quite sure. But I guess so, because why would we know about climate change and what will happen to the earth in the long term? I don't think so. THe weather is always changing so you cannot really predict it in the long term but I guess you can predict what it will be like in a few days time. Different,the weather is whether it is sunny or rainy today or tomorrow, so what will it be like in the short term, that is weather. Climate is like what it is like in the long term. for example, ths country is very humid.I have no idea what the carbon cycle is. Perhaps it is when plants die and over hundreds of years become carbon which we then burn and release carbon back into the atmosphere. THe plants then change intake this carbon and change it into oxygen. LVAL &<Greenhouse gases are gases that warm up the earth. They come from sun rays that become trappd in the atmosphere and warm up the Earth's surface and lower atmospere. They are important because without them the Earth wouild be around 30 degrees colder and we wouldn't be alive. The current global climate system is not exctly stable, but on the rise. We are using so much energy and power(electricity) that is produced from the burning fossil fuels that more and more carbon dioxide is placed in the atmosphere that is hard to take back. This is further fueled by deforestation and land clearing where plants which take out carbon dioxide are removed.where agriculture and deforestation is causing plants to be removed and ersion to happen and so, taking away the sources needed to help take out carbon dioxide from the atmsophere.There are attempts to cut back on emissions where each country is given an amount of emissions to remove so it is growing more positive.Climate is harder to predict (than weather) that in some sense, it can't be predicted. It requires more data and can change. The only thing is that we can guess that if we put more carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, it will become a=warmer and climate change wil occur more rapidly.Weather can be predicted, but only a few days beforehand (so you ccan't properly predict the weather a month or year before the actual day/date). This is because of weather stations that receive information about changes in the atmosphere and temperatures through satelites in space and devices such as weather balloons that are placed in the air (in the clouds).I don't think that weather and climate are the same. Weaher is the temperature and conditions of the day (sunny, rain, cloudy, storm)whereas climate is the range of weather over time which is then compared to make a conclusion (about our atmosphere or about why temperatures are rising or dropping).LVALt  < ~NI thinkit is not possible as the amount of air 'jiggled' by the butterfly's wings would be too minute to cause a full scale snowstomr in alaska. Furthermore, the distance between the countries would be too great to make any difference. No, temperatures are rising and Australian winters are becoming warmer and summer is becoming increasingly hot. There are a lotmore heatwaves now than before, and this is because of global warming. There are too many greenhouse gases trapped in the atmosphere due to the large amounts of carbon dioxide that traps greenhouse gases. Some examples of dynamic equilibriums in climate systems are the temperature of the climate and the equilibrium of plants and animals in the ecosystem. Examples include the environment responding to the climate system, so how well the plants and animals respond to the climate and the rate in which they breed or prosper. Yes, it can be predicted because it is a long term change and is easy to see. For example scientists can predict that the next summer is going to be the hottest in a very long time.Yes, but not accurately as weather can be changed by a number of ways and is changing all the time. It is very difficult to predict weather further than a week, and the weather predicitons are changed all the time as the time approaches. Different, we are able to predict climate easily as it is a long term variation in the temperature and atmosphere, whereas weather changes daily and is hard to predict. Scientists can predict the climate over the next few years however weather is unpredictable and hard to predict further than a week. The carbon cycle is the cycle of carbon dioxide being released and aborbed into the atmospere. Trees need carbon dioxide to produce sugar, however when the trees get chopped down or burnt the carbon is released back into the atmosphere. It is important because trees need carbon dioxide to live and we need trees to breathe..?d#D n  7 Q o Het:d#ڋB@00000080climate_knowledge_8pretest02^L@ ڋB@00000080climate_knowledge_7pretest02^L@ ڋB@00000080climate_knowledge_6pretest02^L@ ڋB@00000080climate_knowledge_5@pretest02^L@ ڋB@00000080climate_knowledge_4x@Epretest02^L@ ڋB@00000080climate_knowledge_3@Epretest02^L@ ڋB@00000080climate_knowledge_2<@Epretest02^L@ ڋB@00000080climate_knowledge_1"@Epretest02^L@ CpHB@00000074climate_knowledge_confidence2pretest02r`R CpHB@00000074climate_knowledge_10@Epretest02`NB CpHB@00000074climate_knowledge_9 i dont knowpretest02kY@ CpHB@00000074climate_knowledge_8 i dont knowpretest02lZ@ CpHB@00000074climate_knowledge_7 i dont knowpretest02kY@ CpHB@00000074climate_knowledge_6 i dont knowpretest02kY@ CpHB@00000074climate_knowledge_5@Dpretest02^L@ CpHB@00000074climate_knowledge_4t@Dpretest02^L@ CpHB@00000074climate_knowledge_3b@Dpretest02^L@ CpHB@00000074climate_knowledge_2@Dpretest02^L@ CpHB@00000074climate_knowledge_1@Dpretest02^L@ ζJB@00000066problem_solving_confidence2pretest03n\N ζJB@00000066problem_solving_1@Dpretest03ZH< B@00000079problem_solving_confidence1pretest03n\N B@00000079problem_solving_1@Cpretest03ZH< [B@00000064climate_knowledge_confidence3pretest02r`R [B@00000064climate_knowledge_10@Cpretest02`NB [B@00000064climate_knowledge_9|@Cpretest02^L@ [B@00000064climate_knowledge_8 No idea.pretest02hV@ [B@00000064climate_knowledge_7 No idea.pretest02hV@ [B@00000064climate_knowledge_6 No idea.pretest02hV@ [B@00000064climate_knowledge_5@Cpretest02^L@ [B@00000064climate_knowledge_4@Cpretest02^L@ [B@00000064climate_knowledge_3@Cpretest02^L@ [B@00000064climate_knowledge_2@Cpretest02^L@ [B@00000064climate_knowledge_1@Cpretest02^L@ tB@00000086problem_solving_confidence2pretest03n\N LVAL *  v4climate can be predicted but it is possible to change it.i do not think this is possible. It takes very heavy winds to cause a snowstorm and a butterfly probably could not make enough wind to cause a snowstorm from Brazil in Alaska. But it may be possible, I heard that a man could stop another man just by using his voice. If the butterfly focuses very hard on causing a snowstorm maybe it can do it.NO. The way in which we use our resources is not safe for our global climate system. Temperatures are rising dramatically which affects countless aspects of our environment. If humans continue in the way we are, sooner or later we will have no global climate system. Water, air (atmosphere) Tragedy of the commons are resources that belong to no particular country therefore no country takes responsibility for them when they are being ruined and depleted.Climate can be predicted more accurately because an area's climate is determined over a long period of time and would probably show patterns of incline or decline and they would remain constant and readable.Weather can be predicted to a certain extent (about a week in advance). Weather varies radically and therefore is hard to predict accurately. Wind systems which make up a large part of the weather are extremely complex and are hard to read accurately.Weather and climate are different. Weather is based on a particular day and can fluctuate radically (it's widely unpredictable). Climate is the average state of the atmosphere over a very long time. All living things are based on the carbon atom. Like the water cycle, the carbon cycle goes round and round. The carbon cycle is so important because the carbon atom allows living organisms to exist. Greenhouse gases are gases that are in our atmosphere that trap incoming radiation on earth from the sun in order to stabilize our planet's temperature. They are important because if we didn't have these gases, our planet would freeze.LVAL. r the difference between weather and climate is a time measurement. weather is conditions of the atmosphere over a short period of time, and climate is how the atmosphere changes over a relatively long periods of time. no, climate can not be predicted as climate is the average of weather conditions over a long period of time. to figure out the climate of a certain area you need to find an average of the weather conditions in a long period of time and as the weather conditions may change it is very hard to predict climate and only an educated guess can be made about future climate conditions.Weather can be predicted to some extent but you can never be 100% sure. The weather can be 'predicted' due to the movement of the wind or the movement of airmasses around the earth and depending on where the wind comes from and what the conditions of the airmass is, it can affect the weather in that certain area.Weather and climate is not the same thing. Climate is the average pattern of weather conditions over a long period of time whilst weather is something that is measured everyday.The carbon cycle is the cycle in which carbon is transfered around the biosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere and the atmosphere. It is important because carbon is part of all life forms on earth. It affects all the spheres and all the spheres are interconnected meaning that if something goes wrong in one sphere, it will affect all the other spheres. Greenhouse gasses are the gasses in the Earths atmosphere can allow the greenhouse effect to take place. These gasses are important as it retains some of the heat from the suns rays so that the earths average temperature is not dramatically cold.I do not think this is possible, because the scale of a butterfly compared to a snowstorm is too large. Snowstorms are causued by a large amount of pressure such as a huge wind. The fluttering of a butterfly's wings is not a lot of pressure. LVAL` > As of the present,our current global climate system in not as stable, due to the increasion of global warming, due to the over-release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, which is affecting the trends in climate.As mentioned before, it can only be vaguely predicted about a week or two ahead of time, and even this is not always accurate, due to the constant changes in current flow around the world.Weather is fairly unpredictable, in the way that we can only pre-forecast it at most 1-2 weeks ahead of time, due to the constant changes in current flow. While climate is an extended record of our Earth's changing behaviour through longer periods of time.The carbon cycle perhaps is the process in which carbon dioxide is released by various methods such as breathing, the burning of fossil fuels, cars etc. This is then filtered by the various plant forms which, through the natural process of photosynthesis, convert passed carbon dioxide into oxygen and glucose and thus creating a carbon cycle in the way that living organisms breathe this in, continuing the cycle.Greenhouse gases are the different gases that are present in our atmosphere, these including gases such as carbon dioxide,oxygen, hydrogen and nitrogen. They ar important in the way that together they create a filtering barrier that repels the majority of dangerous UV rays from the sun, while at the same time absorbs a smaller percentage of it to warm the Earth to a necessary temperature for life. right now i believe that the global climate system IS stable but if we continue to go on at the rate we are going in terms of using large amount of carbon and burning fossil fuel etc. we are going to affect the global climate system and it can cause a dramatic change to the global climate. It is shown that the globe is slowly getting hotter and this can cause the ice to melt at both the poles causing sea levels to rise which can affect the climate dramaticaly.$(B ` ~  ! K u 4^r )Ga Jt= ףB@00000072climate_knowledge_8@<pretest02^L@ = ףB@00000072climate_knowledge_7@6pretest02^L@ = ףB@00000072climate_knowledge_6D@pretest02^L@ = ףB@00000072climate_knowledge_5@pretest02^L@ = ףB@00000072climate_knowledge_4T@Jpretest02^L@ = ףB@00000072climate_knowledge_3@Dpretest02^L@ = ףB@00000072climate_knowledge_2@pretest02^L@ = ףB@00000072climate_knowledge_1@Ipretest02^L@ ~B@00000074problem_solving_confidence2pretest03n\N ~B@00000074problem_solving_1@Ipretest03ZH< iB@00000064problem_solving_confidence1pretest03n\N iB@00000064problem_solving_1@Ipretest03ZH< ؂-B@00000065problem_solving_confidence1pretest03n\N ؂-B@00000065problem_solving_1@Ipretest03ZH< \B@00000088climate_knowledge_confidence2pretest02r`R \B@00000088climate_knowledge_10@Ipretest02`NB \B@00000088climate_knowledge_9@Gpretest02^L@ \B@00000088climate_knowledge_8@pretest02^L@ \B@00000088climate_knowledge_7b@pretest02^L@ \B@00000088climate_knowledge_6@@Hpretest02^L@ \B@00000088climate_knowledge_5@Hpretest02^L@ \B@00000088climate_knowledge_4@Hpretest02^L@ \B@00000088climate_knowledge_30@Hpretest02^L@ \B@00000088climate_knowledge_2@pretest02^L@ \B@00000088climate_knowledge_1@Hpretest02^L@ :B@00000070problem_solving_confidence1pretest03n\N :B@00000070problem_solving_1@Hpretest03ZH< %B@00000081problem_solving_confidence1pretest03n\N %B@00000081problem_solving_1p@Gpretest03ZH< ГB@00000077problem_solving_confidence1pretest03n\N ГB@00000077problem_solving_1@Gpretest03ZH< W)QB@00000078problem_solving_confidence2pretest03n\N W)QB@00000078problem_solving_1"@Gpretest03ZH< ڋB@00000080climate_knowledge_confidence2pretest02r`R ڋB@00000080climate_knowledge_10@Epretest02`NB ڋB@00000080climate_knowledge_9pretest02^L@ LVAL Rainfall is not equal in all areas on Earth. Some areas get a lot more rainfall than others, making a big difference in their climates. Places like the deserts of Africa, and Central Australia get little or not rainfall for some weeks or months.I don't think so. If it was believed that the butterfly could disturb the wind currents by flapping its wings and therefore cause a snowstorm in Alaska, I do not think it is possible. I don't think it's possible for a butterfly flapping its wings in Brazil to cause a snowstorm in Alaska. Firstly, snow is caused by condensation in clouds becoming too heavy and falling back to the earth. The butterfly cannot speed up this process. Secondly, even if the butterfly could 'jiggle' the air, it might have a similar effect to a sea breeze in that more air would come in to replace the air the butterfly's wings displaced, which would amount to little more than a slight gust. Thirdly, the butterfly is in Brazil, which is quite far away from Alaska. Assuming that the butterfly was an ordinary butterfly, every flying insect of equal or greater size would also cause snowstorms in other parts of the world, which would result in a very large number of snowstorms indeed. Therefore, I don't think it's possible for a butterfly to create a snowstorm.It is not possible, because a butterfly is small the the jiggled air is not nearly enough to cause a snowstorm which is greater in size than a butterfly. The butterfly can on contribute a small amount of jiggled air, not enough to make a difference. It requires a large amount of energy, wind or whatever to start a anowstorm. In addition the energy created by the jiggled air would not be great enough to reach another country/continent. Brazil and Alaska have a fair distance between one another. If you were to say there were tens if thousands of butterflies flapping their wings creating jiggled air there might be an affect on the land surrounding.LVAL 0 XHFeedback in climate systems may be when there is an event, for an example excess of rain, and the climate is effected as a result, e.g. it is a lot more humid.We can predict that the climate of Earth from the surounding environment or measurings of temperature or weather that are recorded, though we can never be sure. We know that that the temperature is rising, but we do no know when it will reach certain temperatures.Weather can be predicted from the climate, however, it isn't accurate as the climate is not always constant, and may sometimes have dramatic changes. We can predict where there might be cyclones and tornadoes, from satellite imaging, and measuring wind speeds, but with rain, we can only predict from the location of cloud and temperatures.They are different. Climate is the weather, but also other different things, like humidity. It is also the surrounding environment, like for example in a desert, its climate would be dry, arid and hot. Weather relates to climate, as the type of climate will effect the weather. Greenhouse gases are gases that trap heat from the Sun. They can be natural gases like carbon dioxide, or unnatural like CFCs. These gases helps us as without the gases, Earth would be much colder than what it is now.It is possible for a butterfly flapping it's wings in Brazil help cause a snowstorom in Alaska. No matter how small the butterfly is, it is still flapping it's wings in the wind, thus, 'jiggling' the air. As the wings are flapping, causing a slight change in the air, the wind may change or blow differently than normal. This may eventually make a different impact on something or somewhere else. For instance, the air that the butterfly flapped its wings in may cause a different wind speed. This causes the wind to get stronger, thus carrying more when it is blowing. In Alaska, the wind speed may cause an impact on the snow, causing a snow storm.LVAL ^greenhouse gases are gases such as carbon dioxide and are released through human activity, inustrialisation and the natural decompisition of matter. they are important because plants use carbon dioxide in order to produce oxygen.I do not believe that this is possible as a small movement of a butterfly in Brazil could not cause a dramatic weather change in Alaska. Although it may be able to 'help' change the weather, the main cause of the snowstorm would probably be the amount of water droplets in the air, the temperature of the area at a certain time and the wind.I don't feel as though this is possible. Brazil and Alaska are so far apart and it feels highly unplausible that a small butterfly could cause such a snowstorm. I even find it unlikely that the butterfly flapping its wings in Brazil could even cause a gust of wind in Brazil. The idea of 'jiggling the air' also doesn't make sense to me.The saying, 'A butterfly flapping its wings in Brazil can jiggle the air and thus help cause a snowstorm in Alaska' is not possible. This is because in order for a snowstorm to occur, it does not merely require a miniscue amount of wind. Also the amount of movement of air particles created by the butterfly would not be significant enough to be able to cause a product of such high magnitude. Even if such a small movement was able to creat a snow storm, there is the issue of it would have the strength to overcome the strong winds created by the oceans and the possiblity of tornados/cyclones/hurricanes that occur near the equator. It is not stable. Countries produce more and more greenhouse gases every single year, leading to a warmer earth. Recently, there has been more heat waves, with places like Sydney and London reaching record temperatures. Though scientists cannot know for certain if this is related to global warming, there are other warning like the melting of the Arctic and Antarctic regions.<LVAL~ " JZFeedbacks are reactions to processes in climate systems, like climate change. There are positive and negetive feedbacks.A climate cannot be predicted for climates are fairly stable and should not change often, however if they do this would be the result of a large scale disaster whether it be a flood, drought or even a meteor hitting the Earth.Weather can be predicted however it is never certain. It can be predicted by using data from satellites which show wind currents and the direction that clouds are moving. However more clouds can be created very quickly which means that the prediction for weather can sometimes be very wrong. Opposing this is also the fact that clouds can spread and then become no more.Weather and climate are different because weather refers to the change in the atmosphere on a constant basis while climate refers to different zones where a certain type of landscape forms (e.g. rainforest, desert)The carbon cycle is the process of the breaking down and reforming of carbon molecules and the other substances they make. It is important because the amount of carbon in the air changes the (average) temperature of the Earth. This change can sometimes have a drammatic impact on the world, for example; with the periods of time when the Earth became extremely heated due to the lack of flora and in these periods there was little oxygen in the air.Greenhouse gases are the natural release of gases through the process of flora and fauna dying out and passing waste/wind. They are important because they affect the way our weather and climate is as the gases (e.g. methane) rise up into the atmosphere and work to trap heat in the Earth's atmosphere.no the release of green house gases is faster than the rate of absorption by plants. this is causing an increase in greenhouse gases in the atmosphereno because weather forces can all act together in different ways and so there are many different outcomes which makes one definite prediction very difficult to ascertain<$(> h ' Q y  Bl'Ma>h9㸌B@00000071climate_knowledge_7@Lpretest02^L@ 9㸌B@00000071climate_knowledge_6@Jpretest02^L@ 9㸌B@00000071climate_knowledge_5@Npretest02^L@ 9㸌B@00000071climate_knowledge_4@Npretest02^L@ 9㸌B@00000071climate_knowledge_3@Npretest02^L@ 9㸌B@00000071climate_knowledge_2(@Npretest02^L@ 9㸌B@00000071climate_knowledge_1@Npretest02^L@ wB@00000082problem_solving_confidence1pretest03n\N wB@00000082problem_solving_1@Lpretest03ZH< FB@00000075climate_knowledge_confidence2pretest02r`R FB@00000075climate_knowledge_10@Lpretest02`NB FB@00000075climate_knowledge_9?pretest02`N@ FB@00000075climate_knowledge_8?pretest02`N@ FB@00000075climate_knowledge_7?pretest02`N@ FB@00000075climate_knowledge_6?pretest02`N@ FB@00000075climate_knowledge_5r@Cpretest02^L@ FB@00000075climate_knowledge_4 @Mpretest02^L@ FB@00000075climate_knowledge_3|@Mpretest02^L@ FB@00000075climate_knowledge_2j@Mpretest02^L@ FB@00000075climate_knowledge_1@Mpretest02^L@ B@00000087problem_solving_confidence4pretest03n\N B@00000087problem_solving_1& @Mpretest03ZH< B@00000069climate_knowledge_confidence2pretest02r`R B@00000069climate_knowledge_10@Lpretest02`NB B@00000069climate_knowledge_9@?pretest02^L@ B@00000069climate_knowledge_8L@Lpretest02^L@ B@00000069climate_knowledge_7@Lpretest02^L@ B@00000069climate_knowledge_6Z@Lpretest02^L@ B@00000069climate_knowledge_5@Jpretest02^L@ B@00000069climate_knowledge_4@Jpretest02^L@ B@00000069climate_knowledge_3@Jpretest02^L@ B@00000069climate_knowledge_2@Jpretest02^L@ B@00000069climate_knowledge_1\@Jpretest02^L@ = ףB@00000072climate_knowledge_confidence2pretest02r`R = ףB@00000072climate_knowledge_10.@Jpretest02`NB = ףB@00000072climate_knowledge_9@=pretest02^L@ 0LVAL &LDymanic equilibrum is i just dont know i wasnt taught this but i can guess that its something fairly dynamic Climate change is caused by the changes in carbon dioxide levels, greenhouse gases etc. If so, i do not believe that the flapping and jiggling in the air of a butterly in Brazil would cause a snowstorm in Alaska. By deforestation, agriulture, land clearing, burning fossil fuels etc. we are putting more carbon dioxide into the atmosphere and taking out major factors in the reduction, and so, causing warmer temperatures, and rougher climate change. This is what would more likely cause the snowstorm in Alaska, and it is caused by billions of human beings. A mere butterfly in Brazil will not cause such change in the temperature or atmosphere to the point of a snowstorm in Alaska. In my opinion, a butterfly in Brazil cannot cause a snowstorm in Alaska.there are large pollution rates in both land and air, which influences towards the subject of climate change. the current global climate system is not very stable, as greenhouse gases are increasing day by day, as well as carbonIt is not very stable. This is because of the amount of carbon dioxide we are releasing into the atmosphere, this can be through fossil fuels, car fumes, using electricity or use aerosoles. These can affect the 'layer' around our Earth which can trap and release heat from the sun whether it is by thickening it or by depleting the amount of ozone (O3) in the ozone layer.'Emergent properties in climate systems' are the properties of a climate system which are changing the system very quickly or propeties of the system which stand out.Dynamic equilibrium is the balance of the ecosystems in the certain climate and how much each animal/plant in each ecosystem is affecting it or keeping the ecosystem stable or completely destroying it.Feedback in climate systems are the data that is collected which can change or are changing the certain climate and in what way. This can include humidity, rainfall or wind.LVALzweather can be predicted by satellites and other machines measuring the current weather and environment. however it cannot be changed.weather and climate is different in a way that one influences a small land mass while the other influences the whole world. weather is the small influence and climate is the large influence.the carbon cycle consists of the pollution on earth crated by the gas, creating climate change. it is important because it influences how we live and how we will live in the future.greenhouse gases destroy the ozone layer and are produced mostly by use of human material. it is important because we live off by the items and materials which produce them, and it is also important to know that it is potentially harmful to the world.A butterfly is a small creature, compared to the vastness of an Alaskan snowstorm. Winds around the Earth flow currents of air, blowing air in the Northern Hemisphere clockwise, and in the Southern Hemisphere anti-clockwise. It's rather a presumptious saying to claim that a butterfly flapping its wings in Brazil could help cause a snowstorm in Alaska. A butterfly can produce such little wisps of air, while a raging snowstorm could cover kilometers across and have winds up to 65km/hr - it's just not plausible to be able to presume this to be true. In addition, a butterfly's little wisps of displaced air would not be able to go past the other currents of air circulating around the atmosphere enough to be able to help cause a snowstorm in Alaska. If such a thing could happen, however the puffs of air displaced by the flutterby would be non-existent when going over the equator to the Northern Hemisphere, since the clockwise winds would simply absorb the air into their currents. A butterfly could not possibly help cause a snowstorm in Alaska by flapping it's wings in Brazil. The puffs of air would simply disperse at the touch of another air current.LVALv N v 8Tradgedy of commons is when communal elements, eg. water, air, are overused in some areas and by some peoples, resulting in a decline of quality and amount of commons for everyone. Emergant properties are deviants in climate systems that cannot be predicted or were not expected.Climate can be predicted if there are certain patterns in climate that are repeated periodically, and are measured by scientists who can sumrise when prominent patterns can repeat, eg. monsoons. If climate has controlled variables, such as water drainage for consumer use, then scientists can mathematically calculate the decline or rise in elements of a climate, such as water levels. From these calculations, other can be made as alot of dependant variables exist in a climate, eg. temperature, amount of wildlife. In a climate these variables all effect each other, and predictions are often accurate in figures.Weather can be predicted but not accurately for more that a few days as variations in weather are frequent and unpredicatable, other than events in weather, eg. rain, which can be detected and estimated. Weather predictions often run on the chance that certain measured climate variations will happen at one time, but they can often be wrong.Weather is the state of climate at an exact position and time, and covers a relatively small amount of are, whereas climate is the pattern of precipitation, humidity, temperature, wind and other meteorlogial variations on a large scale.The carbon cycle is when carbon is exchanged through the spheres. This is important as carbon cycle triggers events that are needed to sustain life.Greenhouse gases insulate the earths surface by creating a barrier in the atmosphere, trapping UV rays and infrared radiation for an extended amount of time than per usual. This is called the greenhouse effect. Accumulation of greenhousse gases produce a harsher effect, resulting in warmer climates as UV rays are absorbed. $*> \  E o  , Fd%Ca>hB@00000084climate_knowledge_5@Upretest02^L@ B@00000084climate_knowledge_4@Upretest02^L@ B@00000084climate_knowledge_3@Upretest02^L@ B@00000084climate_knowledge_2@Tpretest02^L@ B@00000084climate_knowledge_1H@Tpretest02^L@ xlՌB@00000075problem_solving_confidence2pretest03n\N xlՌB@00000075problem_solving_1@Rpretest03ZH< ԌB@00000090problem_solving_confidence1pretest03n\N ԌB@00000090problem_solving_1>@Spretest03ZH< ҌB@00000089problem_solving_confidence2pretest03n\N ҌB@00000089problem_solving_1 @Spretest03ZH< ҌB@00000072problem_solving_confidence1pretest03n\N ҌB@00000072problem_solving_1@Rpretest03ZH< 4͌B@00000073problem_solving_confidence2pretest03n\N 4͌B@00000073problem_solving_1:@Rpretest03ZH< ϊFŒB@00000088problem_solving_confidence2pretest03n\N ϊFŒB@00000088problem_solving_1@Rpretest03ZH< =B@00000069problem_solving_confidence1pretest03n\N =B@00000069problem_solving_1@Qpretest03ZH< tľB@00000073climate_knowledge_confidence2pretest02r`R tľB@00000073climate_knowledge_10@Ppretest02`NB tľB@00000073climate_knowledge_9pretest02^L@ tľB@00000073climate_knowledge_8pretest02^L@ tľB@00000073climate_knowledge_7pretest02^L@ tľB@00000073climate_knowledge_6pretest02^L@ tľB@00000073climate_knowledge_5@Qpretest02^L@ tľB@00000073climate_knowledge_4@Qpretest02^L@ tľB@00000073climate_knowledge_3@Qpretest02^L@ tľB@00000073climate_knowledge_2@Qpretest02^L@ tľB@00000073climate_knowledge_1@Ppretest02^L@ _,B@00000080problem_solving_confidence2pretest03n\N _,B@00000080problem_solving_1@Ppretest03ZH< 9㸌B@00000071climate_knowledge_confidence3pretest02r`R 9㸌B@00000071climate_knowledge_10@Ppretest02`NB 9㸌B@00000071climate_knowledge_9j@Npretest02^L@ 9㸌B@00000071climate_knowledge_8@Npretest02^L@ LVAL no, humans have disrupted the global climate and consequences are an inevitability. greenhouse gases are the gases in Earth's atmosphere that contribute to the greenhouse effect. when incoming solar radiation passes through the atmosphere and hits the ground, the heat reflected back out to space is in turn reflected back to Earth and absorbed by the atmosphere. this process means that the Earth is around 33 degrees warmer than it would be without these gases. greenhouse gases include chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), carbon dioxide, oxygen etc. unfortunately due to the burning of fossil fuels and other artificial processes, the amount of CFCs and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has increased; unnecessarily making Earth hotter. Previously when our climate was considered fairly gradual and steady, this idea could have been posed as a skeptical possibilty. However due to current times, with the unstable climate and dramatic changes in air currents around the world, a butterfly's wings flapping in Brazil could have a possible chance to affect the air current at that time and area, causing even the slightest change in the current flow, and thus a wind could be drawn which could cause a possible snowstorm in another part of the world such as Alaska.The global climate system cannot be judges whether to be stable or not as that is a matter of opinion. Many species or flora and fauna are dying each day and deforrestation is occuring at an alarming rate, and eveyday the accumulation of pollution and greenhouse gases grows. All of these factors are contributing to a changing climate globally, but most humans find themselves rather unaffectd whilst others are desperately worried of the state of the climate. Statistics and predictions given by scientists are sometimes biased, and a large amount of skeptical debate and critisim is occuring on the state of the climate system. I myself, cannot judge.LVAL , tt@The water cycle? Water is continually recycled in the atmosphere. The carbon cycle is the process of carbon travelling through all spheres of the earth. B bad again. don't you judge me it's mathsThis may be true, since a wave in the air can increase in size however the distance between these two places is too great and too many factors can change this such as wind currents and other man-made objects which can create an air current.climate is far more gradual and justifiably easier to understand than immediate weather. this is because climate is an average based over a very long period of time. if the sahara desert is hot and dry this year, it will most likely be the same next year.while it is easy to make an educated guess about the weather, there is no precise way to accurately predict it. it is far too variable and unpredictable to accurately determine, however lots of predictions can be made for the next few days without being too far off. but predicting specific weather for the following year is practically impossible.different, climate is the general or average weather experienced in a specific region e.g. central Australia has an arid, hot and dry climate. weather is the immediate atmospheric conditions in a specific region e.g. rain, wind, storms.the carbon cycle is the continuous cycle that carbon takes through the biosphere, atmosphere, lithosphere and hydrosphere. this cycle has varying stages, and can take a relatively short amount of time to thousands of years in order to make a full rotation. it is important because the balance of the carbon cycle can be easily disrupted. the cycle allows carbon to traverse the spheres naturally, however humans have altered its course. the burning or fossil fuels, deforestation and land clearing all amount to taking carbon from the biosphere and lithosphere into the atmosphere. the disruption of this cycle certainly has dire effects.vLVAL NThe carbon cycle is the process of making oxygen into carbon dioxide. To help us all breathe. Yes, it is relatively stable, but temperatures are slowly increasing.the literal term is seen not possible, but the theory of this saying can be thought about. thought metaphorically, the snowstorm in Alaska can mean a change in our environment, thus a stopping of climate change, and the butterfly flapping its wings can mean the small amount of people trying their best to help the world. the small action of an individual can lead to a change in the whole world, as a butterfly flapping its wings in Brazil can jiggle the air and thus can help cause a snowstorm in Alaska.no its not if all the butterfly's in the world were to 'jiggle' their wings then the world would be nothing but a raging snowstorm. human airplanes cause more than a simple 'jiggle' in the wind. therefore are airplanes the cause of furious cyclones and hurricanes? no. therefore the fact that a butterfly 'jiggling' its wings in Brazil creates a snowstorm in Alaska is a coincidenceno, the miniscule energy a butterfly would exert to the air would not possibly be able to maintain itself all the way to Alaska, let alone cause a snow storm. the flapping of its wings would hardly be felt by a human. the air displaced by the butterfly's wings is too small to anythingIt is probably not possible that just by a butterfly flapping it wings, it could cause a snow storm. The movement of air in that one action would be remotely minute and cannot possibly create a snowstorm. Snow storms first of all, would need a big dramatic change in wind speeds and coldness. A butterfly flapping it wings could not cause much of a change. Also, Brazil is quite far away from Alaska. As well as that, butterflies flap their wings everyday in order to fly to move around; this does not mean that there are snow storms in Brazil every day. Therefore, this theory could not be more than a superstition or story.LVALH a butterfly flapping its winfs in Brazil can jiggle the air and thus can help cause a snowstorm in Alaska is possible. while wind currents can travel large distances, the slight current created by the swish of the wings can contribute a bit to start a snowstorm in Alaska, which is countries away. it is possible however, that in Alaska, snowstorms are a usual occurence but Brazil is on the equator, and is consequently hot. as hot air rises, cooler air takes its place, but the hot air that rose was at the whim of the wind and nature. possibly, the wind will reach Alaska, and as the wind may have picked up along the way and became stronger, it may cause a snowstormIt has been said that a butterfly flapping its wings in Brazil can jiggle the air and thus can help cause a snowstorm in Alaska. Is this possible? One might argue that a tiny jiggle of air cannot possibly help cause a snowstorm in Alaska, which is very very far away from Brazil. However, it might just be possible that it can contribute to the snowstorm. Although a butterfly's wings are not nearly as strong enough to cause a snowstorm, it jiggles the air and causes air to flow beneath its wings. The air flow can travel to places, and it is quite possible that the tiny jiggle of air can become swept up in the snowstorm in Alaska if it travels far enough. The tiny amount of air moved by the butterfly will become still very soon, however it will eventually get swept up by larger winds or rise as it warms up. This air will eventually travel far and possibly reach Alaska and could make the difference between snowstorm or not. Therefore, it is possible for a butterfly flapping its wings to jiggle the air and therefore help contribute and cause a snowstorm in Alaska. Although a butterfly flapping its wings doesn't cause a large amount of air to move, it could get swept up and possibly cause a snowstorm in a place very far away. :LVAL BRGreenhouse gases are gases such as carbon dioxide which helps trap heat and acts as an insulating blanket for the earth.I actually have no idea what emergent properties in climate systems areClimate can't be predicted. It is more of a generalised statement about a country's overall weather. The carbon cycle is the subject in which carbon is continuously cycled throughout time for the Earth to have a stabilised living biosphere. The carbon in the air is crucial to exist in the air in order to keep the Earth's temperature in a comfortable zone. This carbon exists in the atmosphere as air particles and absorbed through plants in which the carbon levels would decrease, and result in a cooler weather. The carbon cycle is important as it produces the seasons' temperature, as when it is transitioning from winter to spring, when the tree grows new leaves the temperatures drop, absorbing the carbon dioxide from the air, and when it is slowly transitioning from summer to autumn, when the leaves of the tree are discarded, carbon dioxide is released into the air and helps increase the amount of greenhouse gases and carbon in the air. This helps produce a moderate, averaging temperature each year.Greenhouse gases are part of the natural process that occurs in Earth. They are the particles in the air when the Earth receives warmth from the sun's rays, which is reflected down into the Earth and bounces back up. This warmth, the infrared light, is absorbed by the greenhouse gases, being carbon dioxide and the air particles that are in the air and help warm the Earth up by absorbing the warmth and only letting a limited amount of infrared light to escape into space. Without greenhouse gases, the Earth's average temperature would be about 35 degrees Celsius colder; as the warmth from the sun would easily escape back into space, and therefore it is important for these greenhouse gases to exist in order to supply a comfortable, habitable location for the living things of the Earth to survive.LVALZ ZBnIt is the cycle of carbon moving through the atmosphere.Feedback in climate systems are possibly the information that we are able to hypothesise about the climate system in which help broaden our knowledge about our surroundings on Earth. An example of a feedback may be the temperature information that scientists have been monitoring, in which they have found temperatures to be rising during the recent few decades.No, climate cannot be predicted as the world's atmosphere and surroundings are continously changing, in which factors such as human actions and the unpredictability of nature contribute to. Climate is a long term range of weather, and therefore because of the incredible amount of factors that scientists must consider into account in order to predict, climate in the far future cannot be predicted. People are able to provide a hypothesis on how climate may result as in the future, but it is impossible to predict climate.Yes, weather is able to predicted as it is only a short range amount of time ahead. Through satelite images and predicting through the movement of clouds, cold and warm fronts, humans/scientists are able to predict the weather for the next couple of days, as they have already found out information on each condition's typical outcome to affecting a day's weather could be. However, weather cannot be 100% predicted, as the world's conditions change continuously, and can never be completely predicted correctly.Weather and climate are similar, but different. When referring to weather, you would refer more towards the topic of a short time range of climate, in which a day's weather, such as when rain or sun would happen in order to create a certain rainy or sunny weather to occur. Climate is referred more to as a long term range of overall weather throughout time, including factors such as temperature and humidity and living conditions for plants and animals to consider.b'*T h   Q N * N98crq )ђB@00000049math_grade_half_yearApretest^PB ђB@00000049science_grade_last_yearApretestdVH ђB@00000049science_grade_half_yearBpretestdVH ђB@00000049language_other MarathipretestYK6 ђB@00000049languagenopretestH:* ђB@00000049genderfemalepretestH:& ђB@00000049DOB_year1999pretestJ<* ђB@00000049DOB_month01pretestJ<, ђB@00000049DOB_day09pretestF8( mђB@00000053math_grade_last_yearApretest^PB mђB@00000053math_grade_half_yearApretest^PB mђB@00000053science_grade_last_yearApretestdVH mђB@00000053science_grade_half_yearApretestdVH mђB@00000053language_otherHindipretestWI6 mђB@00000053languagenopretestH:* mђB@00000053genderfemalepretestH:& mђB@00000053DOB_year1998pretestJ<* mђB@00000053DOB_month07pretestJ<, mђB@00000053DOB_day30pretestF8( V)ђB@00000052math_grade_last_yearApretest^PB V)ђB@00000052math_grade_half_yearApretest^PB V)ђB@00000052science_grade_last_yearApretestdVH V)ђB@00000052science_grade_half_yearApretestdVH V)ђB@00000052language_otherpretestPB6 V)ђB@00000052languageyespretestI;* V)ђB@00000052genderfemalepretestH:& V)ђB@00000052DOB_year1999pretestJ<* V)ђB@00000052DOB_month03pretestJ<, V)ђB@00000052DOB_day10pretestF8( #B@00000084problem_solving_confidence3pretest03n\N #B@00000084problem_solving_1 @Zpretest03ZH< ףpB@00000071problem_solving_confidence4pretest03n\N ףpB@00000071problem_solving_1` @Ypretest03ZH< B@00000084climate_knowledge_confidence3pretest02r`R B@00000084climate_knowledge_10@Xpretest02`NB B@00000084climate_knowledge_9V@Wpretest02^L@ B@00000084climate_knowledge_8@Wpretest02^L@ B@00000084climate_knowledge_7^@Wpretest02^L@ B@00000084climate_knowledge_6@Upretest02^L@ LVAL b0Bfi don't know any examples of feedback in climate systems as i have no clue as to what they are. weather and climate are different. i don't know howNo. The climate system isn't stable due to global warming. The climate of the earth changes drastically Some people believe climate change is happening whilst some people do not Climate is a slowly changing thing so it can be predictedWeather can be loosely predicted through observing the changes of the patterns in the atmosphereWeather is short term whilst climate is long term.'Tragedy of the commons' in climate systems may refer to when a climate system overbalances, such as excess contribution of an emergent property in a climate system, and which would alter the balance and negatively affect the system; an example being the human's contribution to increasing greenhouse gases and warming the Earth too excessively, therefore producing negative consequences that are likely to occur in the future.Emergent properties in climate systems most likely when an unpredicted factor in a climate system emerges through and affects and changes the climate system, driving the system to face consequences that were not factored in, such as the human civilisation's rapid industrial growth and inventions that contribute to increasing the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, such as the introduction of electrical energy and burning of fossil fuels.Dynamic equilibrium in climate systems are most likely the ever changing equality of population and state between a certain prey and predator, when a predator finds a lot of prey, it mates and breeds a lot in population, and therefore is able to hunt down a lot of their prey. Once their prey decreases in population, however, it becomes difficult for them to continue onwards and slowly their population decreases while their prey slowly regains their former population. This also happens with plants when they are consumed and this cycle countinues onwards.LVAL t&i don't know if climate can be predicted or not. i think that climate is more stable than the weather and doesn't really need predicting as it stays basically the sameweather can be roughly predicted by looking at patterns on the earth and seeing what will probably happen in the short tern. weather can only really be predicted accurately a week in advance. the carbon cycle is a cycle in which at some times of the year there is more carbon in the atmosphere because of how trees grow and take in carbon to convert to oxygen. i don't really know if it is important or notgreenhouse gases are gases that trap heat in the atmosphere and heat up the earth more efficiently. greenhouse gases are important as without them all the heat would escape the earth's atmosphere and we would freeze at night and in winter. Weather can be predicted to an extent. Broad variations of the weather can be predicted but there is no way of predicting it 100% right. Weather is short term and is forecasted for a period of days. Climate is long term and depends on where you are on the surface of the earth. For example, today's weather in Australia may be sunny with a chance of rain but the climate of Australia is subtropical.Greenhouse gases are gases that trap heat in the earth's atmosphere. They are important because without them the conditions on earth would be unbearable for humans. The current global climate system is not very stable at the moment, because the excessive increase in greenhouse gases have negatively impacted the Earth. This is a rising concern right now, and automatically this would affect the Earth's atmosphere in coming years, already producing heavy concerns currently; the humans being overly dominant in the climate system and having nature be affected (such as the melting of ice caps which would affect great amounts of animals and even more, as they are all linked together through food webs), and therefore would mean that right now, our current climate system is not balanced enough to keep Earth stable.bLVALxYes, climate can definitely be predicted as it is very general and with current trends, we can roughly predict what it likely to change in the upcoming future.Yes, with the technology we have today, weather can be predicted. However, the accuracy of the information is never 100% correct, as the weather is very changeable.Weather and climate are similar in meaning but there are different terms. Weather refers to the climatic conditions in a short period of time, whereas climate refers to the long term variations in temperature.The hyposthesis that a butterfly flapping its wings can influence a snowstorm in an area many thousands of kilometres away is improbable. The amount of air moved in the area the butterfly is in barely affects the metre square area around it, and cannot make a change in the climate surrounding it. The small shift of air produced by its wings would be consumed by larger winds sweeping the earths surface. These winds would also probably ease and rise before being able to travel over the sea, as different temperatures would diffuse the wind. Although earths climates are all connected, the small change in Brazil is too minute to even be detected. This small flap of air will dissipate without notice. If, say, a tornado was traveling up the west coast of South America, then perhaps a shift temperature and wind speed and pattern would disturb the weather in some point of Alaska and create a snowstorm, but the minute tiny flap of a butterfly would not produce a similar effect. An actual snowstorm in Alaska would be created by a number of factors like temperature and amount of wind in the surrounding area. Although it is summer in Brazil when is it winter in Alaska, when conditions are best for snowstorms and butterflies are abundant, the probability of all those butterflies wing flaps would not shift a storm in Alaska. In conclusion, a single butterfly is Brazil cannot produce a snowstorm in Alaska by flapping its little wings.~LVALXBThe greenhouse gases are essential to support life on Earth. They are the gases that keep the earth warm by trapping heat from the sun at night, when the sun has set.Climate-being a general idea over a longer period of time is able to be predicted-to a degree. However a longer period of time means further in the future, which would mean the accuracy of these predictions made will drop.Weather can be predicted through satellite images and other methods however it will never be 100% correct-unpredictable weather happens all the time and meteorologists must always keep an eye out for changes. Weather and climate are different-weather are conditions over a short period of time, say a week, however climate is a long term condition.greenhouse gases are gases that emit/absorb ration released from the earth. They are important for they are reflected back from the o-zone layer and therefore they keep the earth warm and livable.Technically speaking, for a butterfly flapping its wings in Brazil, the opposite side of the world to where Alaska stands, it is impossible to create a snowstorm in Alaska. However, if speaking in a non-literal manner, the phrase produces a deeper meaning; the meaning being that an action someone does in one side of the world can heavily affect another person over on the other side. This can be received as a meaning to help explain to people of the negative consequences that may occur because of one's narrow-minded action, whether it'd be small or large, such as hunting one single animal or deforestating a whole forest, and how it would heavily affect the whole cimate system: as all living things within the food web are all linked to one another, and to their natural habitat/surroundings as well. 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ےB@00000031science-attitude-93pretest01^L> 1%*T ~  = g & P z9c"Lv 5_ ߒB@00000056science-attitude-12pretest01^L> IߒB@00000042science-attitude-93pretest01^L> IߒB@00000042science-attitude-83pretest01^L> IߒB@00000042science-attitude-74pretest01^L> IߒB@00000042science-attitude-63pretest01^L> IߒB@00000042science-attitude-53pretest01^L> IߒB@00000042science-attitude-43pretest01^L> IߒB@00000042science-attitude-34pretest01^L> IߒB@00000042science-attitude-23pretest01^L> IߒB@00000042science-attitude-12pretest01^L> #ݒB@00000041science-attitude-93pretest01^L> #ݒB@00000041science-attitude-83pretest01^L> #ݒB@00000041science-attitude-73pretest01^L> #ݒB@00000041science-attitude-63pretest01^L> #ݒB@00000041science-attitude-53pretest01^L> #ݒB@00000041science-attitude-43pretest01^L> #ݒB@00000041science-attitude-33pretest01^L> #ݒB@00000041science-attitude-23pretest01^L> #ݒB@00000041science-attitude-13pretest01^L> MRݒB@00000048science-attitude-94pretest01^L> MRݒB@00000048science-attitude-84pretest01^L> MRݒB@00000048science-attitude-74pretest01^L> MRݒB@00000048science-attitude-64pretest01^L> MRݒB@00000048science-attitude-52pretest01^L> MRݒB@00000048science-attitude-42pretest01^L> MRݒB@00000048science-attitude-33pretest01^L> MRݒB@00000048science-attitude-23pretest01^L> MRݒB@00000048science-attitude-13pretest01^L> ݒB@00000050science-attitude-93pretest01^L> ݒB@00000050science-attitude-83pretest01^L> ݒB@00000050science-attitude-72pretest01^L> ݒB@00000050science-attitude-63pretest01^L> ݒB@00000050science-attitude-53pretest01^L> ݒB@00000050science-attitude-42pretest01^L> ݒB@00000050science-attitude-32pretest01^L> ݒB@00000050science-attitude-23pretest01^L> ݒB@00000050science-attitude-13pretest01^L> 1%*T ~  = g & P z9c"Lv 5_|jB@00000060science-attitude-23pretest01^L> |jB@00000060science-attitude-12pretest01^L> Z B@00000055science-attitude-93pretest01^L> Z B@00000055science-attitude-83pretest01^L> Z B@00000055science-attitude-73pretest01^L> Z B@00000055science-attitude-63pretest01^L> Z B@00000055science-attitude-52pretest01^L> Z B@00000055science-attitude-43pretest01^L> Z B@00000055science-attitude-32pretest01^L> Z B@00000055science-attitude-23pretest01^L> Z B@00000055science-attitude-12pretest01^L> h$B@00000044science-attitude-93pretest01^L> h$B@00000044science-attitude-83pretest01^L> h$B@00000044science-attitude-73pretest01^L> h$B@00000044science-attitude-61pretest01^L> h$B@00000044science-attitude-53pretest01^L> h$B@00000044science-attitude-43pretest01^L> h$B@00000044science-attitude-32pretest01^L> h$B@00000044science-attitude-23pretest01^L> h$B@00000044science-attitude-13pretest01^L> QߒB@00000046science-attitude-94pretest01^L> QߒB@00000046science-attitude-84pretest01^L> QߒB@00000046science-attitude-74pretest01^L> QߒB@00000046science-attitude-63pretest01^L> QߒB@00000046science-attitude-54pretest01^L> QߒB@00000046science-attitude-44pretest01^L> QߒB@00000046science-attitude-34pretest01^L> QߒB@00000046science-attitude-24pretest01^L> QߒB@00000046science-attitude-14pretest01^L>  ߒB@00000056science-attitude-93pretest01^L>  ߒB@00000056science-attitude-83pretest01^L>  ߒB@00000056science-attitude-73pretest01^L>  ߒB@00000056science-attitude-63pretest01^L>  ߒB@00000056science-attitude-53pretest01^L>  ߒB@00000056science-attitude-43pretest01^L>  ߒB@00000056science-attitude-33pretest01^L>  ߒB@00000056science-attitude-23pretest01^L> &*T ~  = g & P z9c"Lv 5w t|B@00000111genderfemalepretestH:& |B@00000111DOB_year1998pretestJ<* |B@00000111DOB_month06pretestJ<, |B@00000111DOB_day15pretestF8( (}B@00000057science-attitude-93pretest01^L> (}B@00000057science-attitude-83pretest01^L> (}B@00000057science-attitude-73pretest01^L> (}B@00000057science-attitude-63pretest01^L> (}B@00000057science-attitude-53pretest01^L> (}B@00000057science-attitude-43pretest01^L> (}B@00000057science-attitude-33pretest01^L> (}B@00000057science-attitude-23pretest01^L> (}B@00000057science-attitude-13pretest01^L> B@00000058science-attitude-94pretest01^L> B@00000058science-attitude-84pretest01^L> B@00000058science-attitude-74pretest01^L> B@00000058science-attitude-64pretest01^L> B@00000058science-attitude-53pretest01^L> B@00000058science-attitude-44pretest01^L> B@00000058science-attitude-33pretest01^L> B@00000058science-attitude-23pretest01^L> B@00000058science-attitude-13pretest01^L> 0B@00000036science-attitude-93pretest01^L> 0B@00000036science-attitude-83pretest01^L> 0B@00000036science-attitude-73pretest01^L> 0B@00000036science-attitude-62pretest01^L> 0B@00000036science-attitude-53pretest01^L> 0B@00000036science-attitude-42pretest01^L> 0B@00000036science-attitude-31pretest01^L> 0B@00000036science-attitude-22pretest01^L> 0B@00000036science-attitude-13pretest01^L> |jB@00000060science-attitude-93pretest01^L> |jB@00000060science-attitude-84pretest01^L> |jB@00000060science-attitude-74pretest01^L> |jB@00000060science-attitude-63pretest01^L> |jB@00000060science-attitude-53pretest01^L> |jB@00000060science-attitude-43pretest01^L> |jB@00000060science-attitude-32pretest01^L> 0(Mk * T ~  =  ( |'KoZY:9#B@00000097languageyespretestI;* #B@00000097genderfemalepretestH:& #B@00000097DOB_year1998pretestJ<* #B@00000097DOB_month10pretestJ<, #B@00000097DOB_day26pretestF8( TvB@00000103math_grade_last_yearApretest^PB TvB@00000103math_grade_half_yearBpretest^PB TvB@00000103science_grade_last_yearApretestdVH TvB@00000103science_grade_half_yearBpretestdVH TvB@00000103language_other MandarinpretestZL6 TvB@00000103languagenopretestH:* TvB@00000103genderfemalepretestH:& TvB@00000103DOB_year1997pretestJ<* TvB@00000103DOB_month04pretestJ<, TvB@00000103DOB_day20pretestF8( iB@00000120math_grade_last_yearApretest^PB iB@00000120math_grade_half_yearApretest^PB iB@00000120science_grade_last_yearApretestdVH iB@00000120science_grade_half_yearApretestdVH iB@00000120language_othershanghainesepretest^P6 iB@00000120languagenopretestH:* iB@00000120genderfemalepretestH:& iB@00000120DOB_year1999pretestJ<* iB@00000120DOB_month01pretestJ<, iB@00000120DOB_day12pretestF8( B@00000111science-attitude-93pretest01^L> B@00000111science-attitude-83pretest01^L> B@00000111science-attitude-74pretest01^L> B@00000111science-attitude-64pretest01^L> B@00000111science-attitude-53pretest01^L> B@00000111science-attitude-43pretest01^L> B@00000111science-attitude-33pretest01^L> B@00000111science-attitude-23pretest01^L> B@00000111science-attitude-13pretest01^L> |B@00000111math_grade_last_yearApretest^PB |B@00000111math_grade_half_yearBpretest^PB |B@00000111science_grade_last_yearApretestdVH |B@00000111science_grade_half_yearApretestdVH |B@00000111language_otherpretestPB6 |B@00000111languageyespretestI;* =( R O + O : 9X|gfGFKB@00000110languageyespretestI;* KB@00000110genderfemalepretestH:& KB@00000110DOB_year1999pretestJ<* KB@00000110DOB_month07pretestJ<, KB@00000110DOB_day26pretestF8( 2B@00000105math_grade_last_yearApretest^PB 2B@00000105math_grade_half_yearApretest^PB 2B@00000105science_grade_last_yearApretestdVH 2B@00000105science_grade_half_yearApretestdVH 2B@00000105language_other MandarinpretestZL6 2B@00000105languagenopretestH:* 2B@00000105genderfemalepretestH:& 2B@00000105DOB_year1998pretestJ<* 2B@00000105DOB_month12pretestJ<, 2B@00000105DOB_day05pretestF8( B@00000107math_grade_last_yearApretest^PB B@00000107math_grade_half_yearApretest^PB B@00000107science_grade_last_yearApretestdVH B@00000107science_grade_half_yearApretestdVH B@00000107language_otherChinese CantonesepretestcU6 B@00000107languagenopretestH:* B@00000107genderfemalepretestH:& B@00000107DOB_year1998pretestJ<* B@00000107DOB_month10pretestJ<, B@00000107DOB_day06pretestF8( B@00000108math_grade_last_yearCpretest^PB B@00000108math_grade_half_yearCpretest^PB B@00000108science_grade_last_yearBpretestdVH B@00000108science_grade_half_yearBpretestdVH B@00000108language_otherpretestPB6 B@00000108languageyespretestI;* B@00000108genderfemalepretestH:& B@00000108DOB_year1998pretestJ<* B@00000108DOB_month06pretestJ<, B@00000108DOB_day08pretestF8( #B@00000097math_grade_last_yearT@Qpretest\NB #B@00000097math_grade_half_year bad but BpretestgYB #B@00000097science_grade_last_year"do not know but still not good BpretestvH #B@00000097science_grade_half_year!do not know but not that good BpretestuH #B@00000097language_otherpretestPB6 %(2V A @ h ! w v,V?i@=aB@00000102language_otherKoreanpretestXJ6 aB@00000102languagenopretestH:* aB@00000102genderfemalepretestH:& aB@00000102DOB_year1999pretestJ<* aB@00000102DOB_month05pretestJ<, aB@00000102DOB_day11pretestF8( v{B@00000120science-attitude-93pretest01^L> v{B@00000120science-attitude-83pretest01^L> v{B@00000120science-attitude-74pretest01^L> v{B@00000120science-attitude-63pretest01^L> v{B@00000120science-attitude-53pretest01^L> v{B@00000120science-attitude-44pretest01^L> v{B@00000120science-attitude-33pretest01^L> v{B@00000120science-attitude-23pretest01^L> v{B@00000120science-attitude-13pretest01^L> KB@00000092math_grade_last_yearBpretest^PB 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B@00000106DOB_day12pretestF8( B@00000109math_grade_last_yearApretest^PB B@00000109math_grade_half_yearApretest^PB B@00000109science_grade_last_yearApretestdVH B@00000109science_grade_half_yearBpretestdVH #'$f c  7 [  D n-,$Bl+U>B@00000108science-attitude-73pretest01^L> >B@00000108science-attitude-63pretest01^L> >B@00000108science-attitude-53pretest01^L> >B@00000108science-attitude-43pretest01^L> >B@00000108science-attitude-33pretest01^L> >B@00000108science-attitude-23pretest01^L> >B@00000108science-attitude-13pretest01^L> >B@00000113math_grade_last_yearBpretest^PB >B@00000113math_grade_half_yearBpretest^PB >B@00000113science_grade_last_yearApretestdVH >B@00000113science_grade_half_yearApretestdVH >B@00000113language_otherpretestPB6 >B@00000113languageyespretestI;* >B@00000113genderfemalepretestH:& >B@00000113DOB_year1998pretestJ<* >B@00000113DOB_month06pretestJ<, >B@00000113DOB_day05pretestF8( SB@00000097science-attitude-94pretest01^L> SB@00000097science-attitude-84pretest01^L> SB@00000097science-attitude-73pretest01^L> SB@00000097science-attitude-62pretest01^L> SB@00000097science-attitude-53pretest01^L> SB@00000097science-attitude-41pretest01^L> SB@00000097science-attitude-33pretest01^L> SB@00000097science-attitude-24pretest01^L> SB@00000097science-attitude-14pretest01^L>  B@00000095math_grade_last_yearApretest^PB  B@00000095math_grade_half_yearApretest^PB  B@00000095science_grade_last_yearApretestdVH  B@00000095science_grade_half_yearApretestdVH  B@00000095language_other BengalipretestYK6  B@00000095languagenopretestH:*  B@00000095genderfemalepretestH:&  B@00000095DOB_year1998pretestJ<*  B@00000095DOB_month10pretestJ<,  B@00000095DOB_day19pretestF8( |B@00000116math_grade_last_yearBpretest^PB |B@00000116math_grade_half_yearApretest^PB |B@00000116science_grade_last_yearApretestdVH &*) ~ ! ? i ( R |;e$Nv!KurB@00000110science-attitude-63pretest01^L> rB@00000110science-attitude-53pretest01^L> rB@00000110science-attitude-43pretest01^L> 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S[;@4330404221apretest:, ߼Z;@428349661confidence22pretest01R@2 ߼Z;@4283496616dpretest01>, ߼Z;@4283496615bpretest01>, ߼Z;@4283496614bpretest01>, @V~LVAL: h V V  "DThe carbon cycle is the cycle in which carbon is trapped and released. It is important because Weather can be predicted but it is not always accurate. There are many variables The carbon cycle is the cycle of which carbon travels in a circle through plants, organisms and the atmosphere.??///??????? emergent the protruding trees in rainforests??these gas things that are emitted into and possibly trapped in the atmosphere of the earth because of excess carbon dioxide or somethingNo, it keeps changing. But since climate is a long-term thing, it isn't noticable in our everyday life. If we were to record it over maybe 25 or 50 years, we could recognise changes?I don't know. When something emerges from something? Maybe when something happens as an effect of something else happening.A changing balance? When two different aspects of the environment change to suit each other and balance out each other? Like ying-yang? For example. When something releases CO2 and the trees suck it up?When things react to other things happening in the world. To be honest, I don't really know.Climate should be able to be predicted. As it is basically the same as weather but a bit more long term. But then again it changes over time. So it is less predictable than weather.It should be able to be predicted. Otherwise how can people be weathermen? Different. Weather is the state of the atmosphere at one specific time and place. Climate is a more averaged recording of the rainfall and temperature conditions in a wider area over a prolonged time, so we can look at it in the future to determine future weathers.How carbon moves around in the world? So we know where the carbon is?Carbon Dioxide. Gases in the atmosphere that trap in the heat and make the Earth warm.nope. climate change and stuff like that means the climate is changing i guessi have no idea. we have never been taught about climate in depth. again, i don't know what they arelLVALz PYes it can. Weather systems can be predicted through synoptic charts and examining how the weather system has been moving. Weather can be predicted, however not entirely accurately as the patterns of weather are unpredictable. Weather can be predicted up to a few days before the date of the weather prediction, however it cannot be predicted any earlier.Weather and climate are different, as weather is the term used to describe the temparatures, wind and atmosphere patterns on a certain day, date, location and time however climate is the term used to describe temperature, wind and atmosphere patterns at a particular location over an extended period of time - around 30 years.Greenhouse gases are the gases produced (unnaturally) that are released into our atmosphere, from various stations. The gases released into the atmosphere consist of various gases, primarily C02. These gases are beneficial to our survival as without these gases, we would not be alive, and the conditions on earth would not be suitable for human life.No, this is not possible. A butterfly is too small and the amount of air that can be 'jiggled' is not significant enough to cause a snowstorm in Alaska. This is not possible because the size of the air being jiggled is only a tiny fraction of the air needed to cause a snowstorm in Alaska.they are different one is the state and conditions of the atmosphere over an extended period of time (climate i think) and weather is the measurements of temperature over a certain area for a period of time?trees convert carbon dioxide into things like oxygen and glucose so the carbon is stored inside the tree trunks they are released eventually like when the tree is cut down since carbon is found in all life forms when these life things die it will also be released back into the atmosphere if the 'corpse' is burned as carbon dioxide. important because it's a thing that allows life to continue carbon dioxide ==> oxygen and carbon ==> carbon dioxide5$# A k * T ~  'Q{:bx 7abB@00000053climate_knowledge_8pretest02^L@ bB@00000053climate_knowledge_7pretest02^L@ bB@00000053climate_knowledge_6pretest02^L@ bB@00000053climate_knowledge_5@{pretest02^L@ bB@00000053climate_knowledge_4@ypretest02^L@ bB@00000053climate_knowledge_34@{pretest02^L@ bB@00000053climate_knowledge_2@xpretest02^L@ bB@00000053climate_knowledge_1@{pretest02^L@ UJB@00000040climate_knowledge_confidence2pretest02r`R UJB@00000040climate_knowledge_10pretest02`NB UJB@00000040climate_knowledge_9pretest02^L@ UJB@00000040climate_knowledge_8pretest02^L@ UJB@00000040climate_knowledge_7pretest02^L@ UJB@00000040climate_knowledge_6pretest02^L@ UJB@00000040climate_knowledge_5pretest02^L@ UJB@00000040climate_knowledge_4@xpretest02^L@ UJB@00000040climate_knowledge_3 @{pretest02^L@ UJB@00000040climate_knowledge_2pretest02^L@ UJB@00000040climate_knowledge_1p@{pretest02^L@ 2B@00000034climate_knowledge_confidence2pretest02r`R 2B@00000034climate_knowledge_10l@{pretest02`NB 2B@00000034climate_knowledge_9pretest02^L@ 2B@00000034climate_knowledge_8pretest02^L@ 2B@00000034climate_knowledge_7pretest02^L@ 2B@00000034climate_knowledge_6pretest02^L@ 2B@00000034climate_knowledge_5|@{pretest02^L@ 2B@00000034climate_knowledge_4@ypretest02^L@ 2B@00000034climate_knowledge_3@ypretest02^L@ 2B@00000034climate_knowledge_2@xpretest02^L@ 2B@00000034climate_knowledge_1@ypretest02^L@ %B@00000033problem_solving_confidence1pretest03n\N %B@00000033problem_solving_12@ypretest03ZH< >B@00000049problem_solving_confidence3pretest03n\N >B@00000049problem_solving_1@ypretest03ZH< B@00000054climate_knowledge_confidence2pretest02r`R B@00000054climate_knowledge_10/??????? no?pretest02o]B LVAL  DYes weather can be predicted. However, because the weather easily changes, it is only able to be predicted around a week before the actual date.No, they are different. The weather explains the temperature of the air surrounding us. Climate is the atmosphere around us. A carbon cycle is the cycle in whichGreenhouse gases are like carbon dioxide. They are gases which get sent into our atmosphere.No,it is not. The global warming is becoming increasingly evident, and due to that the sea levels can rise. Climate cannot be predicted because it s the average/general weather of a place. It is fgured out by something that has already happened. Weather and climate are not the same. Weather is the day to day atmospheric conditions in a certain place while climate is the general weather of a place.The greehouse gases are gases that heat the earth and can be trapped in the earth's atmosphere. It is important because it keeps the earth's environment warm and the right temperature for life.Weather and climate are different things. Climate describes the total of all weather occuring over a period of years (e.g 30 years). Greenhouse gases are gases in the atmosphere that absorbs and emits radiation within the earth's atmosphere (or the thermal range). Some of the greenhouse gases include carbon dioxide, argon, methane and water vapour. Greenhouse gases are important because they trap in warm air which keeps the Earth's temperature constant and able to sustain life. The process of trapping heat in the earth's atmosphere is known as the GREENHOUSE EFFECT. Our current global climate system is not stable; it is constantly changing. The climate of our earth is slowly becoming warmer and warmer by an average of around 1 degree each year. Climate can somewhat be predicted, however not entirely. It depends on factors that we humans can see as contributing to the change of climate, but we do not know everything that will occur. $(> h ' Q {  : dt.X(Nb B@00000032climate_knowledge_confidence2pretest02r`R  B@00000032climate_knowledge_10@ }pretest02`NB  B@00000032climate_knowledge_9?pretest02`N@  B@00000032climate_knowledge_8?pretest02`N@  B@00000032climate_knowledge_7@ }pretest02^L@  B@00000032climate_knowledge_6Sorry, I have no idea. pretest02we@  B@00000032climate_knowledge_5@}pretest02^L@  B@00000032climate_knowledge_4~@}pretest02^L@  B@00000032climate_knowledge_3l@}pretest02^L@  B@00000032climate_knowledge_2@}pretest02^L@  B@00000032climate_knowledge_1z@}pretest02^L@ B@00000038problem_solving_confidence2pretest03n\N B@00000038problem_solving_1b@}pretest03ZH< i$B@00000102climate_knowledge_confidence1pretest02r`R i$B@00000102climate_knowledge_10Z@}pretest02`NB i$B@00000102climate_knowledge_9 Don't know.pretest02kY@ i$B@00000102climate_knowledge_8 Don't know.pretest02kY@ i$B@00000102climate_knowledge_7 Don't know.pretest02kY@ i$B@00000102climate_knowledge_6l@}pretest02^L@ i$B@00000102climate_knowledge_5T@}pretest02^L@ i$B@00000102climate_knowledge_4 @ {pretest02^L@ i$B@00000102climate_knowledge_3@ {pretest02^L@ i$B@00000102climate_knowledge_2H@ {pretest02^L@ i$B@00000102climate_knowledge_1@{pretest02^L@ lB@00000093science-attitude-93pretest01^L> lB@00000093science-attitude-83pretest01^L> lB@00000093science-attitude-73pretest01^L> lB@00000093science-attitude-64pretest01^L> lB@00000093science-attitude-54pretest01^L> lB@00000093science-attitude-44pretest01^L> lB@00000093science-attitude-34pretest01^L> lB@00000093science-attitude-23pretest01^L> lB@00000093science-attitude-13pretest01^L> bB@00000053climate_knowledge_confidence2pretest02r`R bB@00000053climate_knowledge_10@{pretest02`NB bB@00000053climate_knowledge_9pretest02^L@ LVAL @ JGreenhouse gases are gases in the air that absorb or emmit radiation within the Earth's atmosphere. It traps in warm air. I don't think so. A butterfly flapping its wings doesn't even have the power to knock a fly sitting on a window.I don't think our global climate system is stable because it is continuously being affected by the increased release of carbon.It is to do with balance? I'm actually clueless...um, I sorry. No. No one can look into the future, hence they cannot predict it. However, I think it can be estimated.No, weather cannot be predicted as often there is no set pattern (ie. which way the winds will blow). However, I think that it is possible to estimate the weather over a set period of time.Weather and climate are different. Weather is the conditions of air and heat over a place at a certain time whereas climate is the weather patterns over an extended period of time.A carbon cycle is the cycle where carbon from our atmosphere is absorbed by plants and trees then is stored in the tree. When the tree is cut down, the carbon is released into our atmosphere and the cycle begins again. It is important as the increased deforestation of our trees occur, more carbon is released into our atmosphere, hence more heat is trapped, thus the changing climate.Greenhouse gases are gases in the atmosphere that prevent heat from escaping the planet. It is important as it keeps Earth warm, otherwise it would probably be -19 degrees celsius at night.i don't think that this is possible. if a butterfly flapping its wings can cause a snow storm, then people who live on the other side of the world from helicopters are stuffed. also the world is such a big place that something as small as a butterfly would have little or no affect on the world as a wholeDepends if you're an optimist or a pessimist.I really don't know. Climate change is too hard. SorryNo, the climate of a place stays the same.T#H r    . L v 5_6Pz ('B@00000104climate_knowledge_7 i dont knowpretest02kY@ ('B@00000104climate_knowledge_6 i dont knowpretest02kY@ ('B@00000104climate_knowledge_5 i think sopretest02jX@ ('B@00000104climate_knowledge_4@ pretest02^L@ ('B@00000104climate_knowledge_3@ pretest02^L@ ('B@00000104climate_knowledge_2@ pretest02^L@ ('B@00000104climate_knowledge_1@pretest02^L@ &B@00000045problem_solving_confidence3pretest03n\N &B@00000045problem_solving_1z@pretest03ZH< O$B@00000050climate_knowledge_confidence2pretest02r`R O$B@00000050climate_knowledge_10N@pretest02`NB O$B@00000050climate_knowledge_9@pretest02^L@ O$B@00000050climate_knowledge_8p@pretest02^L@ O$B@00000050climate_knowledge_7@pretest02^L@ O$B@00000050climate_knowledge_6@pretest02^L@ O$B@00000050climate_knowledge_5:@pretest02^L@ O$B@00000050climate_knowledge_4t@pretest02^L@ O$B@00000050climate_knowledge_3X@ pretest02^L@ O$B@00000050climate_knowledge_28@pretest02^L@ O$B@00000050climate_knowledge_1B@pretest02^L@ $B@00000040problem_solving_confidence1pretest03n\N $B@00000040problem_solving_1@pretest03ZH< u#B@00000036climate_knowledge_confidence1pretest02r`R u#B@00000036climate_knowledge_10@pretest02`NB u#B@00000036climate_knowledge_9I do not know. pretest02o]@ u#B@00000036climate_knowledge_8Again, I do not know. pretest02vd@ u#B@00000036climate_knowledge_7p@pretest02^L@ u#B@00000036climate_knowledge_6I'm not sure of this. pretest02vd@ u#B@00000036climate_knowledge_5@pretest02^L@ u#B@00000036climate_knowledge_4\@pretest02^L@ u#B@00000036climate_knowledge_3T@pretest02^L@ u#B@00000036climate_knowledge_2P@pretest02^L@ u#B@00000036climate_knowledge_1@ }pretest02^L@ 0"B@00000102problem_solving_confidence1pretest03n\N 0"B@00000102problem_solving_1@ }pretest03ZH< LVAL \  PWeather is short term things like predicting rain or temperatures. Climate is long term; it takes into account the past 30 years and all extremes of weather that may occur.Never heard of it, but I think it is the cycle of carbon being taken in and oxygen released (plants), or oxygen being taken in and oxygen released (humans).Greenhouse gases are gases that get trapped in the atmosphere and make the earth warmer. They are important because they maintain a temperature that allows life.I believe that this is not possible because the strength of the butterflys' wings are not able to create a snowstorm. Many scientists and skeptics argue about whether ths climate system is currently stable or not. In my opinion, there is a reasonable amount of climate change within the Earth's atmosphere, but not a large, or significant amount. I believe that the current global climate system is stable, but not to a point where we do not need to conduct experiments or recover information about it. Many scientists are currently undergoing an immense amount of research in order to create results and conclusions on how our global climate system is coping, and I think that this issue is something we should keep an eye out for in the future. I have no knowledge of what a 'dynamic equilibrium' is. Climate may only be predicted through charts, diagrams, graphs and information that scientists have already covered. Although the results and predictions that they concur with may not be correct or even precise, it can still somewhat be predicted. I think weather can be predicted to an extent, but we currently do not have the technology or knowledge to figure out how to properly predict the correct weather. It is a natural cause that is extremely unpredicatable at moments, changing from one to another in the matter of minutes and even seconds. Weather and climate are different things. I'm unsure of what the carbon cycle is. .LVAL R   TVA butterfly flapping its wings in Brazil and higgling the air most likely would not contribute to a snowstorm in Alaska, because one small butterfly contributing to movement of air could not help cause a snowstorm; a human walking would probably cause more air movement than a butterfly flapping its wings, and human movement has never been shown to contribute to any form of snowstorm or natural phenomenon.weather can be predicted but only into a certain amount of time.they are different because weather is temperature and forecasts whereas climate is something else,the carbon cycle is the cycle of carbon renewal? it is important because it affects our environment.greenhouse gases are gases that are bad for the environment like carbon dioxide and fossil fuels.I believe this may be partly true- there are many examples of flora and fauna displaying change in their behaviour due to changes in temperature, air pressure and other elements to do with the atmosphere. Thus the reasoning in this statement-that butterflies flapping cause jiggling in the air- I believe is not true. Perhaps the changes in atmospheric pressure or temperature in Brazil lead to butterflies acting in a irregular way, and due to that condition, the snow storm happens. Therefore this is not possible directly by the butterflies as the statement suggests.No because carbon emissions are rising.Common species of animals or plants become endangered or extinct.I don't know. I've never heard of 'emergent properties'.examples of dynamic equilibrium in climate systems include enough forestry for animals to live in.I don't know. I've never heard of 'feedback in climate systems'.Climate can be predicted but it may not be accurate. Climate predictions are broad e.g. over the next 5 years average temperatures will increase by 1 degree.Weather can be predicted but is not 100% correct. Also, weather predictions are usually only accurate 2 or 3 days into the future. e.g. Tomorrow there will be possible afternoon showers.C# 0 N x 7 a 8Vt#M_|I7/B@00000048climate_knowledge_10@ pretest02`NB I7/B@00000048climate_knowledge_9 i dont knowpretest02kY@ I7/B@00000048climate_knowledge_8 i dont knowpretest02kY@ I7/B@00000048climate_knowledge_7@ pretest02^L@ I7/B@00000048climate_knowledge_6I dont really know....pretest02vd@ I7/B@00000048climate_knowledge_5V@pretest02^L@ I7/B@00000048climate_knowledge_4r@pretest02^L@ I7/B@00000048climate_knowledge_3@pretest02^L@ I7/B@00000048climate_knowledge_2@pretest02^L@ I7/B@00000048climate_knowledge_1N@pretest02^L@ ^c.B@00000036problem_solving_confidence1pretest03n\N ^c.B@00000036problem_solving_1d@pretest03ZH< ;L].B@00000051problem_solving_confidence1pretest03n\N ;L].B@00000051problem_solving_1@pretest03ZH< -B@00000104problem_solving_confidence1pretest03n\N -B@00000104problem_solving_1@pretest03ZH< z5,B@00000047climate_knowledge_confidence1pretest02r`R z5,B@00000047climate_knowledge_10@pretest02`NB z5,B@00000047climate_knowledge_9@@pretest02^L@ z5,B@00000047climate_knowledge_8@pretest02^L@ z5,B@00000047climate_knowledge_7@pretest02^L@ z5,B@00000047climate_knowledge_6@pretest02^L@ z5,B@00000047climate_knowledge_5@pretest02^L@ z5,B@00000047climate_knowledge_4p@pretest02^L@ z5,B@00000047climate_knowledge_3@pretest02^L@ z5,B@00000047climate_knowledge_2@pretest02^L@ z5,B@00000047climate_knowledge_1j@pretest02^L@  d,B@00000052problem_solving_confidence1pretest03n\N  d,B@00000052problem_solving_1@pretest03ZH< *B@00000034problem_solving_confidence1pretest03n\N *B@00000034problem_solving_10@ pretest03ZH< ('B@00000104climate_knowledge_confidence1pretest02r`R ('B@00000104climate_knowledge_10yes? i dont knowpretest02r`B ('B@00000104climate_knowledge_9 i dont knowpretest02kY@ ('B@00000104climate_knowledge_8 i dont knowpretest02kY@ LVAL@ .Examples of dynamic equilibrium in climate systems are places of equal state of balance in nature. Some examples of feedback in climate systems include places that do not equate or agree to the typical definition of climate. Climate can be predicted to an extent, just like weather. Looking back on the data from a specific place, people can gather and predict what will be the most likely result of weather pattern. Weather can be predicted to an extent. Weather cannot be predicted for (approximately) more than a week in advance, however weather forecasts can guess what type of weather will occur.Weather and climate are different from one another. Weather is the type of condition that a place experiences, regardless of duration or time. However, climate looks at the type of weather that a place experiences during regulations of time. For example, climate looks at the type of weather that a place has, on the same month each year. The carbon cycle is cycle of which carbon dioxide goes around. We breathe out carbon dioxide, but the trees take in the carbon dioxide as they grow, and convert it into oxygen for us to breathe. Carbon dioxide can be released into the atmosphere through different means, such as from factories. Carbon dioxide can lead to climate change. Greenhouse gases are gases that are trapped in the atmosphere. They are important, as they help keep the atmosphere within the Earth warm, but they can also lead to climate change. When the butterfly flaps its wings, it creates a movement in the air and a building pressure of the air. The air is pushed north with the cells like the Hadley Cell and grows more and more strong, while it moves. It is like a snowball rolling down a snowy hill, it gains momentum and gets bigger and stronger. When it gets to Alaska, the movement it creates is so strong that it is able to create tremors so strong that it can cause other problems, like avalanches and snowstorms?rLVAL  , . ~8FNo. We cannot rely on the climate to stay stable as we, humans, are interfering with it.Can refer to some weather related things that are equal and are quite DYNAMIC.Climate can be predicted as it is long termThe cycle of which carbon is created and destroyed and then made up again.Greenhouse gases are gases in our atmosphere that absorb heat that is given from the sun, reflected off the Earth's surface and into the atmosphere. Examples of such gases are Carbon Dioxide and Methane. These gases are mportant to our survival because without them, the current temperature of our atmosphere would be about -14 to -15 degrees celsius. Contrary to popular belief, greenhouse gases are in fact good for our environment and are actually crucial for our survival becaus ethey keep our entire world climate, on average, a warm temperature.Although I do not know the answer, I do not think that it seems possible. This is because it seems hardly realistic, and the two locations are extremely distant from each other. A butterfly flapping its wings starts a chain reaction that may, in the most drastic possiblity, create a snowstorm in Alaska on the other side of the world. As the butterfly 'jiggle(s) the air', the wind that is created may grow larger due to the movements of other air currents in the atmosphere. If in the highly unlikely chance that all the air currents are positioned in the right spot to 'grow' the 'jiggle' in the air, there might as well be a snowstorm in Alaska. this is not possible because when a butterfly flaps its wings, it only creates a small amount of wind which doesnt do anything.The current global climate system is not stable, as climate change is occuring. I've never heard of 'tragedy of the commons' before, but I guess that it means that some things are were common once before are slowly but surely deteriorating?Examples of emergent properties in climate systems include places that are emerging to become involved in climate systems.LVALd $HvClimate can be predicted through data of what has happened before. Weather and climate are not the same. Climate is a description of an area while weather is the condition.The carbon cycle is a cycle of continuous carbon which goes through different things such as trees and plants.Greenhouse gases are the gases that are trapped in the earth which are essential to the earth. However too much of greenhouse gases can cause harm to the earth such as causing the earth the be over heated. Green house gases keep the Earth warm as if we did not have it, the earth would be very cold. Normally green house gases are caused by natural substances such as trees, but with new technology coming in, such as cars, more green house gases are being emitted into the air. I do not think that it is possible. This is because a butterfly does not have the capability to exert a force that is enough to contribute to a snowstorm. The force of the movement of a butterfly would be extremely minimal. Also, the locations are extremely far apart, and there is not much of a chance that such a small movement in the air can travel so far, and also cause a snowstorm. Weather can be predicted to some degree. Meteorologists do it all the time as they try to recognise the pattern in which the whether is making. This is how we make weather reports. However, weather can be very unpredictable because predicting the weather is basically predicting the future. Weather patterns are always changing, when it is predicted for a clear day, a small wind may come by and the whole day becomes a dark and stormy one. No they are not. Weather is usually refered to short term climate. Weather usually includes descriptions such high and low pressure systems and wind systems and weather is constantly changing. Climate hower is more constant and refers to the long term effects of weather. Climate is usually used to describe temperature, and humidity.$4 ^   4 J t 3]0ZCWI5B@00000110climate_knowledge_confidence1pretest02r`R I5B@00000110climate_knowledge_10@pretest02`NB I5B@00000110climate_knowledge_9pretest02^L@ I5B@00000110climate_knowledge_8pretest02^L@ I5B@00000110climate_knowledge_7pretest02^L@ I5B@00000110climate_knowledge_6pretest02^L@ I5B@00000110climate_knowledge_5R@pretest02^L@ I5B@00000110climate_knowledge_4L@pretest02^L@ I5B@00000110climate_knowledge_3@pretest02^L@ I5B@00000110climate_knowledge_2pretest02^L@ I5B@00000110climate_knowledge_1l@pretest02^L@ q2I5B@00000043climate_knowledge_confidence2pretest02r`R q2I5B@00000043climate_knowledge_10@pretest02`NB q2I5B@00000043climate_knowledge_9pretest02^L@ q2I5B@00000043climate_knowledge_8pretest02^L@ q2I5B@00000043climate_knowledge_7pretest02^L@ q2I5B@00000043climate_knowledge_6pretest02^L@ q2I5B@00000043climate_knowledge_5pretest02^L@ q2I5B@00000043climate_knowledge_4J@pretest02^L@ q2I5B@00000043climate_knowledge_3&@pretest02^L@ q2I5B@00000043climate_knowledge_2@pretest02^L@ q2I5B@00000043climate_knowledge_1@pretest02^L@ xa3B@00000103climate_knowledge_confidence2pretest02r`R xa3B@00000103climate_knowledge_10r@pretest02`NB xa3B@00000103climate_knowledge_9I don't know pretest02n\@ xa3B@00000103climate_knowledge_8I don't knowpretest02lZ@ xa3B@00000103climate_knowledge_7I don't knowpretest02lZ@ xa3B@00000103climate_knowledge_6I don't know.pretest02m[@ xa3B@00000103climate_knowledge_5@pretest02^L@ xa3B@00000103climate_knowledge_4@pretest02^L@ xa3B@00000103climate_knowledge_3@pretest02^L@ xa3B@00000103climate_knowledge_2@pretest02^L@ xa3B@00000103climate_knowledge_1@pretest02^L@ B0B@00000053problem_solving_confidence2pretest03n\N B0B@00000053problem_solving_1@pretest03ZH< I7/B@00000048climate_knowledge_confidence1pretest02r`R LVAL  t N:Weather refers to the short term atmospheric patterns, whereas climate refers to more long terms ones.It allows the Earth to stay the temperature that it is. It traps heat and allows things to live. It is a collective term for the gases that exist in the atmosphere, including carbon.It is slowly becoming unstable due to emissions and climate change, hence it is called climate change as climate is changing. Birds that are migrating to breed are missing out the times of the year when the caterpillars come out.It can be predicted but only to a certain amount. The most one can predict ahead for the weather is about a week. And even then it might be incorrect. With growing technology, forecasts have been getting more reliable but as weather cannot be controlled there is no absolute way to predict it.Weather and Climate is different as Weather is the subject on whether it would rain or snow. Climate on the other hand is the average temperature of a certain place. Not only that but what kind of weather that place receives. e.g. the Sahara Desert has a hot and dry climate.The carbon cycle is the exchanging amounts of carbon around the earth. The ocean currently holds the highest amount of carbon on Earth.Greenhouse gases are gases that prevent some warmth rebounding off the earth in order to keep the Earth a certain temperature. This is important as without Greenhouse gases, the Earth would be inhabitable for living beings and temperatures would be in the cold extremes.No they are not because there is still natural disasters.Yes to some point. Climate can be predicted on a short term basis, but however we can't normally predict for more than a week in time. Climate can be predicted by looking at movement of clouds and therefore seeing the weather systems such as high pressure and low pressure systems. These can not be foreseen in the long run as it constantly changes and is very unpredictable. `LVAL b , ~vNo because it is very unpredictable of what humans will use of the environment and the weather patterns for the future.Polar bears having a thick coat to adapt to the cold ice caps. Penguins having streamlined body to swim in the cold ocean for food.If the weather is becoming warmer. If the icecaps are melting.Yes because there is a pattern seen in climate from previous recorded results from years ago.Yes it can be but sometimes the prediction may not be correct. Meterologists can determine weather from looking at cloud patterns and air pressure ect. No because weather is a daily measure and climate is a much more prolonged measure of information.the carbon cycle is the recycler of caron atoms. It is important because there are trees/plants that use the carbon dioxide we breathe out to turn into oxygen that we breathe in. This provides a habitable earth for humans and trees/plants. Greenhouse gases are gases that rise into the atmoshpere. They are important to the atmoshpere to protect the world from harmful UV rays. Butterflies are very small creature and are quite weak in terms of strength. Their wings simply do not have enough power or force to cause such a dramatic impact. Also, Brazil is too far from Alaska and even if the wings of the butterfly had such strength, it would almost be impossible for the force to reach Alaska from such a distance. Therefore, it is impossible for a 'butterfly flapping its wings in Brazil' to cause a snowstorm in Alaska.No because this is a ridiculous proposition to assume that a little bit of air can cause a massive snowstorm in a country halfway across the world. dont really know much else :)No. This is because of climate change, and the effect of human beings on the planet (pollution, etc, etc)To a certain extent? The same as weather.Weather can be 'predicted' to a certain degree, however, everything is a prediction, rather than a certainty. Conclusions are made from information that is collected.$< f % O y & D^GayJd8NB@00000044climate_knowledge_1Z@pretest02^L@ AJB@00000110problem_solving_confidence1pretest03n\N AJB@00000110problem_solving_1@pretest03ZH< 6FB@00000043problem_solving_1@pretest03ZH< "-CB@00000047problem_solving_confidence1pretest03n\N "-CB@00000047problem_solving_1@pretest03ZH< SAB@00000037climate_knowledge_confidence2pretest02r`R SAB@00000037climate_knowledge_10@pretest02`NB SAB@00000037climate_knowledge_9I don't know. pretest02n\@ SAB@00000037climate_knowledge_8I don't know. pretest02n\@ SAB@00000037climate_knowledge_7@pretest02^L@ SAB@00000037climate_knowledge_6@pretest02^L@ SAB@00000037climate_knowledge_5@pretest02^L@ SAB@00000037climate_knowledge_4@pretest02^L@ SAB@00000037climate_knowledge_3V@pretest02^L@ SAB@00000037climate_knowledge_2@pretest02^L@ SAB@00000037climate_knowledge_1@pretest02^L@ =B@00000050problem_solving_confidence2pretest03n\N =B@00000050problem_solving_1N@pretest03ZH< @pretest02^L@ VB@00000042climate_knowledge_2Cycle of carbon.pretest02p^@ VB@00000042climate_knowledge_1@pretest02^L@ &UB@00000059problem_solving_confidence2pretest03n\N &UB@00000059problem_solving_1\@pretest03ZH< >RB@00000054problem_solving_confidence1pretest03n\N >RB@00000054problem_solving_1@pretest03ZH< RB@00000031climate_knowledge_confidence3pretest02r`R RB@00000031climate_knowledge_10@pretest02`NB RB@00000031climate_knowledge_9 ^ dittopretest02gU@ RB@00000031climate_knowledge_8 ^ dittopretest02gU@ RB@00000031climate_knowledge_7 ^ dittopretest02gU@ RB@00000031climate_knowledge_6I have absolutely no idea pretest02zh@ RB@00000031climate_knowledge_5@pretest02^L@ RB@00000031climate_knowledge_4,@pretest02^L@ RB@00000031climate_knowledge_3@pretest02^L@ RB@00000031climate_knowledge_2@pretest02^L@ RB@00000031climate_knowledge_1@pretest02^L@ 8NB@00000044climate_knowledge_confidence1pretest02r`R 8NB@00000044climate_knowledge_10@pretest02`NB 8NB@00000044climate_knowledge_9huh?pretest02dR@ 8NB@00000044climate_knowledge_8whats emergent properties?pretest02zh@ 8NB@00000044climate_knowledge_7 DONT KNOWpretest02iW@ 8NB@00000044climate_knowledge_6V@pretest02^L@ 8NB@00000044climate_knowledge_5@pretest02^L@ 8NB@00000044climate_knowledge_4@pretest02^L@ 8NB@00000044climate_knowledge_3@pretest02^L@ 8NB@00000044climate_knowledge_2<@pretest02^L@ LVAL 8 r  different. climate is the long term conditions of an area eg. monthly rainfall and weather is the short term conditioni dont understand the question sorry!the carbon cycle is the transformation of carbon through various forms, eventually repeating itself.Greenhouse gases are the gases that exist in Earth's atmosphere for the purpose of trapping sunlight and thereby warming the Earth. these include methane, gas commonly found as a waste product of digestion in animals. Greenhouse gases form a layer above the Earth which acts like the walls of a greenhouse, trapping sunlight, and forcing it to bounce off, and hit the Earth. When the sun's rays hit the Earth, they warm the area touched, and then partially bounce back up, bouncing again off the greenhouse layer and onto another part of the Earth's surface. This effectively warms the Earth. Without this, life on Earth would be impossible, as all living creatures require some semblance of heat, and all to some degree require sunlight. This may be in the form of Vitamin D, as is the case with humans, or as the energy required for photosynthesis as is the case for plants. Its not very stable as it is rising up to highly than the normal rate.SORRY I DONT KNOW WHAT YOU WANT ME TO WRITEclimate can be predicted only to some aspects. Climate in the future can be predicted when we look at graphs with the previous datas. We can guess what our climate will be like in a few years. However it won't be 100% accurate.yes weather can be predicted. This is why we have meteorologist. They study the weather and it is reported to us through the news in the weather report. however it is only possible to predict to a certain length of time.Weather and climate are not the same. The difference between weather and climate is a measure of time. Weather is what the condition of the atmosphere is over a short amount of time while climate is how the atmosphere behaves over a reletively long amount of time.LVALf : No, because due to the amount of waste being pumped into the Earth's atmosphere by major corporations, in search of greater profit, certain areas of the greenhouse layer are being slowly eroded, allowing greater escape of sunlight out of the atmosphere, and thus Earth's heating capabilities in those areas is being lessened, while in other areas, the greenhouse layer is being added to and thus those areas have increased levels of heating. This is not stable because sooner or later an area of the world is going to become too cold for habitation and another too hot, as well as all the consequences following from that, such as the melting of glaciers and the extinction of certain species of flora and fauna. Climate can generally be predicted since climate in itself refers to a repeated pattern of weather occurrence, and thus events in the present must be indicative both of those that have been in the past, and those that are yet to come. For example, in Sydney, when it is April, and thus Autumn, due to knowledge of Sydney's climate, it can be predicted that by June, weather will have cooled down significantly and there will be greater amounts of precipitation.Weather can be predicted in that signs in the atmosphere can give an indication of atmospheric events to come, however, the prediction of weather is often restricted to very short notice, as occurrences can change very fast, and thus completely alter predictions for the future.No, they are not. Weather refers to occurrences in the atmosphere above a specific area at a certain time, and their effects upon the area of the Earth's surface below, whether this is a rapid cooling of air, leading to precipitation in the form of rainfall or snow, or a lack of moisture in the air, leading to a warm and cloudless day. However, climate refers to a sustained period of weather in a specific area, for specific periods of time, repeated often. LVALn  Znot really because its long term so its goes througha period of timeyes it can be but it may not always be accurateWeather can be predicted to a certain extent through modern technologies that have to do with the atmosphere, but may not be 100% accurate.Weather and climate are quite different things. The climate is what usually affects the weather and changes it. The weather changes in response to the climate.Greenhouse gases are what keep our Earth warm enough for humanity to live in. Without it, the Earth would be too cold, but with it, Earth can reach temperatures which can suit to our survival, which is around 24~28 degrees celcius. Greenhouse gases consist of many different forms of gases, one of the main being carbon dioxide, which can be emitted through many sources such as the burning of fossil fuels. The Earth receives heat form the sun and the surface of the Earth collects this heat, but this heat escapes. To make sure all of this heat doesn't disappear from Earth, the Greenhouse gases block the heat from being let out into space.No, it is not possible because a butterfly flapping its wings only has the force to lift its own body, not control the air pressure/wind of Alaska.If the butterfly is flapping its wings, it would also have to flap its wings continously and that is not possible for a butterfly as it will become tired. no because butterflies are found everywhere why would one specific butterfly in brazil be able to control the weather it just DOESNT MAKE SENSE does air even jiggle a wing flapping butterfly probably doesn't have enough of a significant effect on the temperature and formation of snowstorm making clouds to assist in such a thing BUT THEN AGAIN the forces of biology(and physics) are strong and mysterious if one can of bug spray thing can reach the birds in the north or south pole the trigger of an alaskan snowstorm may as well be a flying bug in the tropical land of brazil LVAL R Rno. (but im not ure how i can explain this...) weather is more related to water we can see (?), for example rain, snow and hail. climate is related to the temperature and waht we feel (?)The carbon cycle is also known as the water cycle (?) It is the cycle where the water evaporates and and turns into gas, rising high into the atmosphere where it cools and condenses. This is when clouds form in our skies. Eventually when enoguh water has evaporated, it falls the the surface of the earth again as rain or hail or snow. The cycle repeats itself over and over again (water condenses and becomes cloud and then rains, water condenses and becomes cloud and then rains...) It is important that we know what the carbon cycle is in order to understand more about our weather and how climate change and global warming can have an effect on this cycle.Greenhouse Gases consist of the particles of gases in our atmosphere. Oxygen, carbon dioxide, nitrogen and other gases help to keep the Earth warm. However, the increase in carbon dioxide in our atmosphere can in fact destroy parts of the ozone layer and allow the sun's rays to reach the earth's surface, heating it up more. It is important that we are well informed about the Greenhouse Gases in order to to keep the earth at a desirable condition for future generations.A butterfly flapping its wings in Brazil, jiggling the air and thus causing a snowstorm in alaska can be possibnle. As the movement of air caused by the wings flapping can cause a change of air current I don't think that the current global climate system is stable. I believe that the climate is gradually changing due to various reasons.Just like the weather, I believe that the climate can be predicted as well, but not in the way that weather is predicted. To predict climate, graphs or data are needed and we need to analyse the trend, and therefore predict the future climates that will follow.6#4 ^  . D n-1Yo.8boi^B@00000099climate_knowledge_10@pretest02`NB oi^B@00000099climate_knowledge_9@pretest02^L@ oi^B@00000099climate_knowledge_8@pretest02^L@ oi^B@00000099climate_knowledge_7`@pretest02^L@ oi^B@00000099climate_knowledge_6 idk. what do you mean feedbackpretest02~l@ oi^B@00000099climate_knowledge_5@pretest02^L@ oi^B@00000099climate_knowledge_4^@pretest02^L@ oi^B@00000099climate_knowledge_3@pretest02^L@ oi^B@00000099climate_knowledge_2\@pretest02^L@ oi^B@00000099climate_knowledge_1@pretest02^L@ [[B@00000046climate_knowledge_confidence3pretest02r`R [[B@00000046climate_knowledge_10L@pretest02`NB [[B@00000046climate_knowledge_9pretest02^L@ [[B@00000046climate_knowledge_8 =______=pretest02hV@ [[B@00000046climate_knowledge_7what does equilbrium mean?pretest02zh@ [[B@00000046climate_knowledge_6J@pretest02^L@ [[B@00000046climate_knowledge_5^@pretest02^L@ [[B@00000046climate_knowledge_4@pretest02^L@ [[B@00000046climate_knowledge_3@pretest02^L@ [[B@00000046climate_knowledge_2@pretest02^L@ [[B@00000046climate_knowledge_1@pretest02^L@ $ZB@00000109climate_knowledge_confidence2pretest02r`R $ZB@00000109climate_knowledge_10 i dont knowpretest02m[B $ZB@00000109climate_knowledge_9 i dont knowpretest02kY@ $ZB@00000109climate_knowledge_8 i dont knowpretest02kY@ $ZB@00000109climate_knowledge_7 i dont knowpretest02kY@ $ZB@00000109climate_knowledge_6 i dont knowpretest02kY@ $ZB@00000109climate_knowledge_5@pretest02^L@ $ZB@00000109climate_knowledge_4$@pretest02^L@ $ZB@00000109climate_knowledge_3@pretest02^L@ $ZB@00000109climate_knowledge_2B@pretest02^L@ $ZB@00000109climate_knowledge_1@pretest02^L@ =XB@00000044problem_solving_confidence1pretest03n\N =XB@00000044problem_solving_1@pretest03ZH< VB@00000042climate_knowledge_confidence1pretest02r`R LVAL Vweather can be predicted it is history that has been played over a long period of time, things such as rain and wind can be predicted because it does not vary dramatically, meteorologists have been studying past weather for a long period of time and have been able to compare the past weather and predict the future weather using this information.weather and climate are different, climate changes over a long period of time and the conditions there to not change regularly however weather is something that changes constantly, it may sometimes contribute to climate. the carbon cycle is the cycle that carbon is goes through, it starts of with us producing carbon dioxide, the fauna then recycles this and produce oxygen for us to breathe in. The carbon cycle is important because if there is not enough carbon that is recycled and turned into clean oxygen, the earth will be polluted with carbon dioxide. green house gases is what keeps our earth warm, it traps in warm air thus making our planet a place that is inhabitable.It is important that we have green house gases so that we do not live in a place where it is extremely cold. Green house gases contribute to the growth of fauna, plants need s certain temperature to grow regularly, plants help us recycle carbon dioxide, thus there is a long chain of factors that rely on green house gases to function properly that is why green house gases are so important.again, this can be predicted to a certain level but this prediction is not always correct. our climate depends on what is currently happening to the earth in terms of temperature, weather, etc and much of this changes suddenly wihout notice.Weather can be predicted to a certain level but this prediction is not definite. Many times our weather is unpredictable. This is due to the fact that our weather is unique and it all depends on the movement of the clouds due to winds an climatic events that are present.lLVAL V > $Greenhouse gases are gases that trap heat radiating from the earth when they are released into the atmosphere. An example of a greenhouse gas is methane or carbon. Greenhouse gases are important because without them, there would be no life on Earth because the heat would escape from the Earth. However, if there is too much greenhouse gases in the Earth's atmosphere, the Earth would overheat so it is important that we know and try to manage how much greenhouse gas we release into the Earth's atmosphere.nup. it aint stable since us humans keeping creating bad gases into the atmosphere that increase the temperature of the earth. and if we keep doing this, the earth will heat upand become tooooo hot. too haht.tragedy of commons. idunno. sometihng bad that happened to the common occurences during climate? :Ddunnnooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooowhats a dynamic equilibrium in climate systems>?the cycle of carbon going around the world. starts in atmosphere to humans to animal to rocks to rivers then goes back into the air and back down to the humans. i dont know gases that are in the atmosphere. the are a result from human actions. they warm up the surface of the earth and the atmosphere. i dont knowour current climate system is not stable, the increase of carbon being emitted from industrial purposes have cause our climate to change at a fast pace, the carbon in the air has increase thus leading to green house gases to increase as well, and because of this our earth has been warming at a fast pace. There are already evidence that our earth has indeed increase such as the melting of ice caps in the colder regions.climate can be predicted, however there are many variables that may change climate, climate is something that does not happen at a fast pace, things such as desert have been changing for a long period of time, thus it makes it rather easy to predict climate, unlike weather that changes at a rapid pace.Q#@ j y  9 S }<f9c"NhB@00000107climate_knowledge_10@pretest02`NB NhB@00000107climate_knowledge_9I do not have any examples.pretest02{i@ NhB@00000107climate_knowledge_8I cannot give any examples.pretest02{i@ NhB@00000107climate_knowledge_7@pretest02^L@ NhB@00000107climate_knowledge_6`@pretest02^L@ NhB@00000107climate_knowledge_5z@pretest02^L@ NhB@00000107climate_knowledge_4h@pretest02^L@ NhB@00000107climate_knowledge_3@pretest02^L@ NhB@00000107climate_knowledge_2r@pretest02^L@ NhB@00000107climate_knowledge_1<@pretest02^L@ fB@00000100climate_knowledge_confidence2pretest02r`R fB@00000100climate_knowledge_10@pretest02`NB fB@00000100climate_knowledge_9@@pretest02^L@ fB@00000100climate_knowledge_8j@pretest02^L@ fB@00000100climate_knowledge_7@pretest02^L@ fB@00000100climate_knowledge_6@pretest02^L@ fB@00000100climate_knowledge_5b@pretest02^L@ fB@00000100climate_knowledge_4@pretest02^L@ fB@00000100climate_knowledge_3@pretest02^L@ fB@00000100climate_knowledge_2@pretest02^L@ fB@00000100climate_knowledge_1@pretest02^L@ PaB@00000037problem_solving_confidence2pretest03n\N PaB@00000037problem_solving_1@pretest03ZH< v<`B@00000056climate_knowledge_confidence3pretest02r`R v<`B@00000056climate_knowledge_10@pretest02`NB v<`B@00000056climate_knowledge_9D@pretest02^L@ v<`B@00000056climate_knowledge_8Okay- I don't know...pretest02uc@ v<`B@00000056climate_knowledge_7N@pretest02^L@ v<`B@00000056climate_knowledge_6I'm not really sure .___.pretest02yg@ v<`B@00000056climate_knowledge_5j@pretest02^L@ v<`B@00000056climate_knowledge_4@pretest02^L@ v<`B@00000056climate_knowledge_3~@pretest02^L@ v<`B@00000056climate_knowledge_2@pretest02^L@ v<`B@00000056climate_knowledge_1@pretest02^L@ oi^B@00000099climate_knowledge_confidence1pretest02r`R LVALx x|The current state of our global climate is somewhat unstable. The amount of carbon we are emitting into the atmosphere has dramatically increased over recent years dues to the demand for more energy. The result of this is that more greenhouse gases are being emitting into the atmosphere, making the Earth become warmer since more heat is being trapped and in turn, changing our climate even if the changes are currently slight, it is a concern for the future.Still don't know o.o I'm sorry OTLI don't know what that is either o____oIt is difficult to predict the weather but the climate for a certain place can have a certain trend or pattern or characteristic that people can expect from the weather, for example, some places (maybe closer to the Equator) can be expected to be more humid and warm than places further away from the Equator.Weather can be quite unpredictable but scientists can predict the weather of the current time period ( like the following week, which is shown on weather forecasts) but it is subject to change.Weather is used to describe the conditions of recent or current times. Climate is the general weather pattern over a long period or time or the weather pattern experienced in a certain place.The carbon cycle is the process of how carbon is used on Earth. Humans and animals produce carbon and release it into the atmosphere in return for oxygen. The carbon is then used by plants and trees. When trees and plant die, their fossils turn into coal overtime, which is how we are able to get coal from burning fossil fuels. Sometimes when trees are cut and the wood is used for consturction, the carbon is contained inside but when the wood decays, the carbon is released back into the atmosphere. It is important because since carbon is a greenhouse gas, it affects the general heating of the Earth- and because we burn coal for energy that produces carbon, we need to watch how much carbon we produce..LVALt <Hclimate cannot really be predicted as it is the long term conditions. climate doesnt really change that much and it may take millions of years for a climate to noticably change.weather can be predicted to a certain extent, but not all prediction sare right and mostly you cannot predict the weather more than a week in advance as the weather is very capable of rapidly changing.they are different. climate is the long term conditions of a certain area, such as the average rainfall over a year. weather is the short term conditions, such as the average rainfall over a week.the carbon cycle is the cycle of carbon through the world, e.g it starts in te atmosphere and then is used in the making of a human being, that human being then dies and the carbon goes into the soil. the carbon is then cycled through-out other system, such as the water cycle and may take millions of years to come back to its original place in the environment, in this case the atmosphere.soooooo, greenhouse gases are gases that float aroud in th etamosphere and they like warm up and stuff and they makle the atmosphere warmer. or maybe they are the gases keep all the other gases in the atmosphere and tese gases catch the rays of the sun and warm the earth to a temperature that we can live in. they are inmportant because they keep the atmosphere and therefore the earth warm and if they werent there then we wouldnt be able to live on planet earth.This is not possible because the flapping of a butterfly's wings does not have enough power to cause a snowstorm in Alaska, especially with a vast distance between Brazil and Alaska. For example, when a stone is dropped into a pond, it creates ripples. However, the ripples get further away from the source, it slowly dissipates. It is not possible for the power of a butterfly flapping its wings to increase as it gets farther away from the source. As seen in the ripple example, the power of the ripples decrease as it gets further away from the spot where the sotne was dropped. LVALP: vThe carbon cycle is the cycle of exchange between carbon dioxide and oxygen, in plants and other living things. This is important as it maintains our life and keeps ecosystems running.Greenhouse gases are the layers of gas that surround the Earth. It acts as a blanket that keeps the heat of the sun's rays in, so that we can survive on the planet. If there was no such 'temperature controlling system', we would be living in extreme heat/cold and quite a few ecosystems would not be able to thrive. Greenhouse gases can be increased due to human activity and speeds up the action of climate change. Although this can be seen as a negative process, it eventually works over time in a pattern such as the past few ice ages.no, the global climate is not stable as we keep pumping more green house gases into the climate an dthe tempertaure of the earth is increasing quite rapidly compared to the last 5000 years. the temperature of the climate is rising which will effect all areas of the climate as all the areas of the climate are connected. for example, a flower may now blume earlier as it blumes according to temperature. the flower blumeing earlier means that the bees that rely on its nectare have to hunt the nectare earlier and the animals that rely on the bees have to hunt the bees earlier and pattern goes on throught out the climate.a tragedy of commons, is when you find two climate system that have common climates and are tragically suffering from the same problem, such as desertification.ok im gonna guess this one. emergent properties are properties that a climate has that are emerging, e.g. a new propeity, such as the rainfall ncreasing evry year in a certain area.i dont know what an equilibrium is and the only way i've every heard dynamic is in the phrase dynamic stretches, so im pretty much cluelessi have no frikkin idea what feedback is (and i thought i was doing pretty well so far :(LVAL  2L2TSome of the emergent properties in climate systems include ---climate can be predicted as it describes the type of area you are living in due to the amount of rainfall, etc.Greenhouse gases are the gases in the atmosphere that trap heat within the earth's atmosphere. Some of this heat include the infra red rays that cannot be seen by the human eye. They are important as they help maintain the right temperature for living things to occur. Yes, the global climate system is stable to some extent. There have been trends showing that global warming is increasing at a fast rate, due to human action that has resulted in the speeding-up of this process; however, some sort of action is being done to try and reduce this so that it stabilises back to its original 'pace' of change.To have a balance in climatic systems there has to be some sort of equilibrium. I cannot think of any examples.I do not understand what it means by 'feedback'.Yes. By studying information of climate from past years, scientists can predict the climate by reading and following patterns/changes that are taking place over time. It is all done through the use of statistical information that has been collected and put together in graphs, which will show trends in our climate.Yes it can, meteorologists can predict the weather to a certain degree of accuracy by the use of symbols on weather maps. Things such as high and low pressure systems, hot and cold fronts and others are used to predict how the weather may be like over the next few days. It is recorded and captured by satellite and converted into a weather map, where professionals read and translate the information so that others can understand it.These are terms referring to different things. Climate refers to the patterns and changes that we experience over a long period of time.We often record down weather measurements and put it together to form a statistical report about the climate.^#@ j ) = S }  -WFb~cmB@00000042problem_solving_1@pretest03ZH< ejmB@00000060climate_knowledge_confidence2pretest02r`R ejmB@00000060climate_knowledge_10@pretest02`NB ejmB@00000060climate_knowledge_9I don't knowpretest02lZ@ ejmB@00000060climate_knowledge_8@ pretest02^L@ ejmB@00000060climate_knowledge_7I don't knowpretest02lZ@ ejmB@00000060climate_knowledge_6I don't knowpretest02lZ@ ejmB@00000060climate_knowledge_5@pretest02^L@ ejmB@00000060climate_knowledge_4@pretest02^L@ ejmB@00000060climate_knowledge_3l@pretest02^L@ ejmB@00000060climate_knowledge_2I don't knowpretest02lZ@ ejmB@00000060climate_knowledge_1@pretest02^L@ {oiB@00000055climate_knowledge_confidence1pretest02r`R {oiB@00000055climate_knowledge_10@pretest02`NB {oiB@00000055climate_knowledge_9^@pretest02^L@ {oiB@00000055climate_knowledge_8T@pretest02^L@ {oiB@00000055climate_knowledge_7T@pretest02^L@ {oiB@00000055climate_knowledge_6I don't know.pretest02m[@ {oiB@00000055climate_knowledge_5@pretest02^L@ {oiB@00000055climate_knowledge_4@ pretest02^L@ {oiB@00000055climate_knowledge_3@pretest02^L@ {oiB@00000055climate_knowledge_2@pretest02^L@ {oiB@00000055climate_knowledge_1@pretest02^L@ dhB@00000096climate_knowledge_confidence1pretest02r`R dhB@00000096climate_knowledge_10@pretest02`NB dhB@00000096climate_knowledge_9------no idea-----pretest02r`@ dhB@00000096climate_knowledge_8|@pretest02^L@ dhB@00000096climate_knowledge_7j@pretest02^L@ dhB@00000096climate_knowledge_6@pretest02^L@ dhB@00000096climate_knowledge_5@pretest02^L@ dhB@00000096climate_knowledge_4V@pretest02^L@ dhB@00000096climate_knowledge_3@pretest02^L@ dhB@00000096climate_knowledge_2t@pretest02^L@ dhB@00000096climate_knowledge_1@pretest02^L@ NhB@00000107climate_knowledge_confidence2pretest02r`R LVAL F 4 .`Weather can be predicted by looking out at the sky the night before or in the morning by the amount of fog in the air. It is said, the more stars in the sky or the more fog the more clearer the day it is going to be. weather and climate are different because weather is the general idea and not the accurate telling of the day's forecast (e.g. sunny) whilst climate is the exact temperature of the day (e.g. 32 degrees celcius).Carbon cycle is us breathing in and breathing out. This is important because Greenhouse gases are gases that help trap heat produced and I believe it helps the earth. Greenhouse gases are important because they slow down the global warming and limit the temperatures on earth.Our current global climate system is not stable as more fossil fuel that is being burnt is causing the temperature to warm up rapidly which is why everyone is fairly concerned about the earth's well-being.The dynamic equilibrium explains the balance of the living organism in a specific area with examples such as teh marine life of the ocean or the balance of the animals in the jungleSome examples of feedback in climate system include teh climate system of south america is tropical as it has vast mount of rainfall... weather can be predicted and expected however the predictions may not be as accurate as weather changes accordingly and very fast and sometimes in come cases unpredictableWeather and climate are entirely different things. Weather describes the features happening such as air pressure, cloud movement, rainfall, etc Climate on the other hand describes the type of area you are living in such as sub tropical, desert, etcA carbon cycle is a cycle in which greenhouse gases trap more carbon and other gases within the earth's atmosphere which in turn traps the heat and in turn melts the polar caps. The permafrost that is melted releases gases which in turn is released and then traps more heat which in turn warms the earth and so on.rLVAL  p  * ".vThese are becoming more unreliable as unexpected climate is starting to be experienced all over the world. The seasons aren't that defined anymore and day to day weather can change so vastly that is become difficult to determine the climate.Yes, climate is much easier to predict. Since climate is determined by the average of the results shown after a long time, we are given a general idea of what the climate will be like at a certin time in a certain place.The weather cannot be predicted because the movement of air can change in an instant bringing with it unpredictable weather changes. The formation of clouds and rain cannot be foretold easily. Changes in wind and temperature could cause abrupt changes that people just don't have the ability to control and therefor predict.The weather and climate is not the same but one is realted to the other. The weather is a short, day by day occurence whereas the climate is determined by the results of a long term Greenhouse gases are gases released into the atmosphere and provides a protective layer that keeps the Earth inhabitable. Its name comes from the fact that like a greenhouse, the gas is like a blanket that keeps the heat in, and therefore keeps the Earth warm.I'm not too sure what it means by current global climate system though I believe it is the earth warming. The current global climate system is stable as it is stable in the way the earth is warming. Also, the current global climate system is stable because the the layer around the world protects the earth from direct sunlight and therefore keeps the eath warming stable.I don;t know what 'tragedy of the commons' are.I don't know what emergent properties are.I don't know what dynamic equilibrium are.Climate can not be predicted as it is the exact temperature and it can vary. I believe climate can not be predicted as we cannot foretell and there isn't a machine in this modern era that can go into the next day and bring back the temperature.6LVALp t T*TIt can be predicted to some extent and is easier to predict as using past and current records of data can produce a trend where an overall climate can be predicted.It cannot be predicted exactly but using different sources such as by measuring air pressure, wind speeds and temperatures an estimate can be put forward as a forecast.Weather and climate are different. The weather is the conditions over a shorter period of time whereas climate is the conditions over a long period of time.I think the carbon cycle is the releasing of carbon into the atmosphere which are then taken in by trees and plants. The trees and plants then release oxygen. This is important for oxygen to be produced as we breathe this in and exhale carbon dioxide for the trees and plants. Greenhouse gases are gases in the atmosphere which form the ozone layer and keep the Earth warm. Without greenhouse gases, the Earth would freeze and light would not be absorbed as well.i don't think that is is possible for the flapping of a butterfly's wings to cause a snowstorm in alaska, it seems rather absurd that such a small creature can cause such a big situation, although it seems possible that the vibration from there wings may seem relevant, it takes a large number of butterflys to achieve thus kind of situation.The butterfly flapping its wings in Brazil may cause change to the air and this change can then continue on towards all the way to Alaska because the air in Brazil is exactly the same as the air in Alaska. This change in the air can cause the snow storm.No, the current global climate system is not stable because climate in countries worldwide are becoming disorientated and Australia is an example. The winters aren't as cold as they used to be, there are alternating days of rain and sunshine and the weather forecasts become more frequently wrong.There are many other countries experiencing similar contrasts in weather. If the trend continues, the climate system will definitely become very disorientated.$8 b ! K s  1[~  Jt 3]qvB@00000120climate_knowledge_confidence1pretest02r`R vB@00000120climate_knowledge_10h@pretest02`NB vB@00000120climate_knowledge_9pretest02^L@ vB@00000120climate_knowledge_8pretest02^L@ vB@00000120climate_knowledge_7@pretest02^L@ vB@00000120climate_knowledge_6pretest02^L@ vB@00000120climate_knowledge_5 @pretest02^L@ vB@00000120climate_knowledge_4b@pretest02^L@ vB@00000120climate_knowledge_3f@pretest02^L@ vB@00000120climate_knowledge_2@pretest02^L@ vB@00000120climate_knowledge_1V@pretest02^L@ sB@00000116climate_knowledge_confidence2pretest02r`R sB@00000116climate_knowledge_10@pretest02`NB sB@00000116climate_knowledge_9what.pretest02eS@ sB@00000116climate_knowledge_8what.pretest02eS@ sB@00000116climate_knowledge_7@pretest02^L@ sB@00000116climate_knowledge_6@pretest02^L@ sB@00000116climate_knowledge_5@pretest02^L@ sB@00000116climate_knowledge_4@pretest02^L@ sB@00000116climate_knowledge_3@pretest02^L@ sB@00000116climate_knowledge_2the water cycle ... ?pretest02uc@ sB@00000116climate_knowledge_1 @pretest02^L@ ŨoB@00000035climate_knowledge_confidence2pretest02r`R ŨoB@00000035climate_knowledge_10@pretest02`NB ŨoB@00000035climate_knowledge_9pretest02^L@ ŨoB@00000035climate_knowledge_8@pretest02^L@ ŨoB@00000035climate_knowledge_7pretest02^L@ ŨoB@00000035climate_knowledge_6x@pretest02^L@ ŨoB@00000035climate_knowledge_5H@pretest02^L@ ŨoB@00000035climate_knowledge_4P@pretest02^L@ ŨoB@00000035climate_knowledge_3>@pretest02^L@ ŨoB@00000035climate_knowledge_2*@pretest02^L@ ŨoB@00000035climate_knowledge_1t@pretest02^L@ ^cnB@00000046problem_solving_confidence1pretest03n\N ^cnB@00000046problem_solving_1@pretest03ZH< cmB@00000042problem_solving_confidence1pretest03n\N 6LVALV 6 0REmergent forest tree tops. It is when the ecosystem in a particular climate grows in layers, forming emergents.Weather indeed can be predicted with the development of modern technology. However, weather cannot be depicted as 100% correct. The weather is always changing, and it is something out of mankind's control. The only predictions we can make come from satellite images and meteorology. The weather forcast on the news we see is just an outline of what seems to be the pattern of weather that may occur over the next few days to week. However, it is almost never completely correct, and is forever changing.Weather and climate are different. Weather can be explained as what we see outside our window now, or what we will see tomorrow. For eg; the weather can be cloudy or sunny. However, climate is the pattern of temperatures and weather over a long period of time. for eg; a drought. Sections of our earth have different climates. The tropical/equatorial zone, the temperate zone, and of course, the arctics. Each zone has different climates that remain the same over a long period of time. For eg; the tropical zone has a climate of hot and wet. The temperate zone's climate is warm/mild, and the arctic zones experience extrememly cold and dry climate.Greenhouse gases are gases omitted into the atmosphere and are important because they are responsible for maintaining the Earth's temperature at a hospitable degree. ie; they act like a blanket in the atmosphere and keep our Earth warm. If greenhouse gases did not exist, our world's climate would be insufferably cold at night, and inhumanely hot during the day, because of the radiation of UV rays.No, according to scientists, the climate is slowly worsening such as with temperatures rising and the seasons changing to shorten winter. Some evidence includes the ice in the poles melting faster in winter.Emergent properties are results that show a rise, fall or trend in data...Feedback in climate systems are results such as temperature.LVALB 2  ,<Climate and weather are different. Weather is a term to refer to a day's season and temperature and condition. Climate is the temperature of a certain area of affected conditions.. The carbon cycle is the breathing in of oxygen and exhalation of carbon dioxide by living animals and the inhalation and exhalation of oxygen by plants.The carbon cycle is important because it balances the air we breathe in ensuring our survival.Greenhouse gases is a term used to compare the gases in the atmosphere (eg: carbon dioxide) to the temperature in a greenhouse.Greenhouse gases are gases trapped by sunlight in the earth's atmosphere causing the surface of the earth to heat up. Greenhouse gases are part of the atmosphere's humidity and play an important role in keeping the earth warm and moist. Witout greenhouse gases the earth would be too cold to live on.No. I believe the current climate system is incredibly unstable as of this moment. CLimate change and global warming is rapidly increasing and the Earth's climate is changing at an unfortunately fast rate. something that has to be balanced and equal ... ? Perhaps the amount of greenhouse gases vs the atmosphere. or something like that. Data collected over the past years can act as feedback in climate systems. Using this feedback, scientists would be able to predict future patterns in climate. Perhaps the feedback would be that a drought has spread through a region, or a flood has washed the shores of an area. With this, scientists can then predict that perhaps extrememly dry or torrential rainy weather can be expected.Like weather, climate can be predicted to an extent. Researchers and scientists are able to collect data from over the years in a particular area, notice the patterns in climate, and possibly predict what the future climate may be like. However, again, these predictions do not apply everywhere and may not be 100% correct for, they ARE predictions. 4LVAL  tPYes, the climate remains constant over time, unless if there are sudden and intense changes to the earth, an example being an ice age. There are also patterns of climate patterns across the world.It can be predicted to an extent, but not 100% accurate. Although satellites can see what might happen, e.g.: clouds in the sky means rain, weather patterns are subjected to change at any particular time.The particles in the air will shift and move in a chain-reaction type process. The flapping of a butterfly's wings will cause a slight shift in the air immediately next to it as the force of flapping will push the air across slightly. This slight movement could be enough to push a long chain reaction of air across from Brazil to Alaska, or the build-up of many other butterflies/living creatures' actions will cause a change in weather conditions in Alaska. It is possible, but it will take a lot more than just one butterfly.Right now the global climate is not stable because of human pollution in the air.Pollution is affecting the atmosphere because of exhaust fumes remaining from used answers. The chemicals from exhaust fumes of industrial, technology or traffic is foreign to the natural chemicals in the air and can have negative effects on the atmosphere. Pollution can change the atmosphere and affect the climate system tipping it off balance due to the foreign interference of chemicals resulted from man-made products. Currently the climate is inbalanced because of pollution.cyclones, tornadoes, storms, snow, hail. The stormy weather is unpredictable and the occurrance of these events usually depend on the weather or the humidity levels of a certain area and mother nature.Climate also cannot be predicted. Temperatures are unpredictable and change unaccordingly to weather patterns, (eg: sunny and cold). Not really because weather patterns are randomn in their movements. Forecasts can only assume or say that it is likely because weather changes unaccordingly in randomn patterns.NLVAL "JfDifferent. Weather is the state of atmosphere at a particular place and time e.g.: sun, wind and rain, while climate is the weather characteristics of a particular place over an extended period of time, e.g.: desert climate, tropical climate.No, weather and climate are different. Weather is a short term analysis of the the temperature, rainfall, windspeed etc. On the other hand, climate explains the change in temperature patterns, rainfall patterns etc on a long term scale.The carbon cycle is the path carbon takes when being converted. When a plant takes in carbon ait converts it into oxygen. Then, humans convert the oxygen back into carbon which repeats the same cycle. This is important, as the conversion of carbon changes the amount of it in the atmosphere and helps reduce greenhouse gases.Greenhouse gases are the gases that circulate our environment and keep the Earth warm, such as carbon. They are trapped into the Earth's atomosphere by clouds and particles in the air. It is often compared to a greenhouse; when sunlight heats up the greenhouse, the heat is absorbed by the plants and moves by the circulation of air. However, the air cannot escape, as the greenhouse is closed. These gases are important as they keep the Earth at a temperature that allows us to live. However, as technology advances and more energy is converted into greenhouse gas, the Earth is rapidly warming, which can affect our overall health.i believe that this is not possible. although a butterfly flapping its wings in Brazil may be able to jiggle the air, this jiggle caused by the butterfly cannot be very strong. it cannot be strong enough to cause a snow storm in alaska. humans have a stronger wing/arm power and even if we flapped our arms in Brazil and made the air jiggle a little, we would not be able to cause a snow storm in Brazil. therefore, i believe that a butterfly is unable to cause a snow storm in alaska from brazil (unless there are about 50 million butterflies...)LVAL> h A continuous cycle of carbon travelling from plants to animals, to dirt, and back again. It provides plannts with the nutrition they need to grow and produce glucose. Since plants are the primary producers of the food chain, the animals above it, including humans, are dependant on plants.Gases which are emitted from cars, houses..etc, which travel up the atmosphere and adds to the warming of the earth, called the greenhouse effect. They include carbon dioxide and water vapour. It's important that we learn in detail how they are affecting us so we can take action in saving the planet.The current global climate is not stable, as not enough is done to ensure it is stable. Firstly, there the use of new technology, mass production and other factors that increase to output of greenhouse gases are still increasing, and the use of electricity is still increasing. Because of this, more gases are released into the atmosphere, leading to global warming. Factories, especially in devloping countries have no limit on how much greenouse gases they produce. Many forests are being cut down, too much oil and natural gas is being extracted, as well as coal and other gems. All these factors are not being reduced, therefore the global climate system is still not stable.Examples of feedback from climate systems include high/ pressure systems, windspeed, wind direction, rainfall, tide and temperature.Climate can be predicted according to previous tests. Data from previous years are used and conclusions are drawn from these. Tests and comparisons from the past can also give us a prediction.Yes, weather can be predicted. It can be predicted by using geometric conversions and formulas to predict the weather. Tests to find high/ low pressure points, tide, wind direction and many more are conducted, and a prediction on the weather and the range of possible temperatures are produced. However, weather can only be predicted for the week ahead.LVAL l J  6Something that emerges as a result of something else.When something is given back/out/as residue/remainders as a result of something else, like rain, heat, etc.The cycle in which carbon follows - from one stage to another. To an extreme extent, i believe that the possiblity of a butterfly flapping its wings in brazil can cause a snowstorm in Alaska is highly unlikely as it is near impossible for the release of the air from a butterfly could lead to a snowstorm that is located miles of kilometers away. If the amount of air displaced could launch an avalanche, the whole world should have collapsed ages ago due to the movement of living things. how many butterflies are there in brazil? how many of them are going to open their wings to take flight at least once in their life? what would that cause?This is technically possible, as the movement of a small amount of air moves another amount of air, which eventually moves another, and eventually a large amount of air is moving in a similar direction. When this happens, is temperatures and other climactic conditions in Alaska are optimum, the amount of air from Brazil can move air in Alaska, picking up greater adn greater speed and size as it travels. thus by the time that it reaches the area of Alaska which is prime for a snowstorm, it is quite powerful. Then, if the air is added to those prime conditions, a snowstorm could occur No, the earth is slowly warming up due to the extra gases in the atmosphere.Greenhouse effect/ global warming. When everyone in the world is affected in the world's climate change.Forests are an example, as they don't change much. There are limited flucatuations within the temperature, water source, proportion of gases in the air within a climate.How a change made by humans, changes in the earth's dynamics... etc affect the climate on earth as a whole, or at a particular area of the world. It is how the climate changes, positively or negatively.BLVAL | n^>`I have no idea. At all. Also can you make the white boxes to write in smaller because they are intimidating me.No. Greenhouse gases are polluting the atmosphere in sheer abundance from human activity. This increases the global temperature, causing worldwide environmental problems and since ecosystems are often a fragile balance, a one degree increase would heavily affect that balance. Ecosystems all interlink and rely on each other - when one link in the chain breaks, all the others will follow eventually.When the most abundant/important link in the system disappears, causing the system to collapse.Dynamic equilibrium is the constantly-changing balance in climate systems. So a system could be constantly changing but still maintain that balance that keeps it stable.Climate can be predicted to a certain extent based on current states and long-term effects, however, like weather, climate is unpredictable.Weather can be predicted to a certain extent - at the most by a week, however it is still a prediction and is a complicated process to calculate. Weather is extremely unpredictable; there are too many varying factors to able to predict with certainty.Weather and climate are different. Weather is based on temperature, humidity, amount of sunlight, etc that can change frequently. Climate, on the other hand, is the environmental state a place is. For example, the climate in a desert could be hot, dry, arid while in a rain forest it would be humid, cool. While weather in a desert usually remains stable, it could rain, but that doesn't make the climate the same.Greenhouse gases, such as carbon doxide, are named so for their 'green house' effect, where the Earth's atmosphere traps the gases and doesn't allow them to esccape. This trapping keeps the warmth from the sunlight in, heating up the Earth's surface. These are important because without these gases, habitual temperatures would not be created - it would be extremely hot in the day time and extremely cold in the night.\$*R h ' Q {  $ Nx 7au 4^bB@00000106climate_knowledge_9@pretest02^L@ bB@00000106climate_knowledge_8@@pretest02^L@ bB@00000106climate_knowledge_7@pretest02^L@ bB@00000106climate_knowledge_6@pretest02^L@ bB@00000106climate_knowledge_5@pretest02^L@ bB@00000106climate_knowledge_4@pretest02^L@ bB@00000106climate_knowledge_3t@pretest02^L@ bB@00000106climate_knowledge_2@pretest02^L@ bB@00000106climate_knowledge_1@pretest02^L@ ]B@00000114climate_knowledge_confidence2pretest02r`R ]B@00000114climate_knowledge_10@pretest02`NB ]B@00000114climate_knowledge_9@pretest02^L@ ]B@00000114climate_knowledge_8pretest02^L@ ]B@00000114climate_knowledge_7n@pretest02^L@ ]B@00000114climate_knowledge_6@pretest02^L@ ]B@00000114climate_knowledge_5@pretest02^L@ ]B@00000114climate_knowledge_4@pretest02^L@ ]B@00000114climate_knowledge_3f@pretest02^L@ ]B@00000114climate_knowledge_2t@pretest02^L@ ]B@00000114climate_knowledge_1@pretest02^L@ 6B@00000097climate_knowledge_confidence1pretest02r`R 6B@00000097climate_knowledge_10@pretest02`NB 6B@00000097climate_knowledge_9@pretest02^L@ 6B@00000097climate_knowledge_8@pretest02^L@ 6B@00000097climate_knowledge_7@pretest02^L@ 6B@00000097climate_knowledge_6@pretest02^L@ 6B@00000097climate_knowledge_5@pretest02^L@ 6B@00000097climate_knowledge_4@pretest02^L@ 6B@00000097climate_knowledge_3@pretest02^L@ 6B@00000097climate_knowledge_2@pretest02^L@ 6B@00000097climate_knowledge_1@pretest02^L@ B@00000105climate_knowledge_confidence2pretest02r`R B@00000105climate_knowledge_10 @pretest02`NB B@00000105climate_knowledge_9@pretest02^L@ B@00000105climate_knowledge_8j@pretest02^L@ B@00000105climate_knowledge_7R@pretest02^L@ LVALZ $ RI feel sorry for you people that have to trawl through this text. University is not worth it, you should quit and become a hippie, they always seem happy. This is mean, I have not committed a crime. They should give this survey to people in jail who deserve it. I preferred science when we had no idea what we were doing and assumed it was the work of a god, it seems easier.A gay property coming out to his family in the climate system? I don't know, properties that tend to stick out in the climat system???I swear people just nake up these words. 'I think I'll call it, DYNAMIC EQUILIBRIUM!' Anywho, dynamic means changing and ability to be flexible while equilibrium means a balance of certain properties. ... I have no idea. Again.I do not believe that climate can be predicted as well as weather is but I think you can to a certain extent through looking back into the past and factoring in differents thngs that might effect that today.Weather can be predicted by climatologist who study weather patterns to come to a conclusion aboout what to expect, although these conclusions are not completely reliable and can only predict correctly about one week into the future.Weather and climate are different but I am not entirely sure how. I think weather is more of what we see, 'sunny', 'rainy' etc while climate is more what we feel and those exact measurements. (sigh)The carbon cycle refers to the conversion of oxygen into carbon dioxide by humans and animals and the conversion back to oxygen by plants. This is a continuous cycle and must continue for life on earth to survive.Greenhouse gases are gases in the atmosphere that are usually compared to the temperature in a greenhouse. They trap some of the sun's ultra violet light and help keep the earth warm, also playing a part in our humidity. They are one of the main causes of global warming as this layer of gases is getting larger and trapping too much heat.LVALHr Feedback in climate systems may refer to making a decision on the basis of the climate system trends. For example if scientists notice a gradual increase in temperature they may draw the conclusion that it is neccesary to control human actions.Climate cannot be very accurately predicted. This is because it takes into accounts the highest and lowest temperatures a particular place may be likely to experience. These tempertures may be infleunced by unexpected or unforeseen weather conditions. Yes as meteorologists have knowlege regarding the direction of inds, kinds of clouds etc. with the use of which they can provide an approximate temperature but this temperature may not always be accurate. Weather is the temperature at a particular place at a particular time. On the other hand climate takes into account the highes and lowest temperatures witnessed by an area. It is an approximation of the temperatures a place may be likely to experience on the basis of the data collected in previous years. Carbon cycle is the cycle which takes into account the forms carbon takes. It is important to understand because humans can then take decisions that will be more beneficial to the earth.GREENHOUSE GASES ARE HARMFUL GASES THAT ARE SENT TO THE ATMOSPHERE AND CREATE A LAYER IN THE EARTH'S ATMOSPHERE. HEAT IS UNABLE TO PENETRATE EFFECTIVELY THROUGH THIS LAYER THEREFORE A CERTAIN PROPORTION OF EXCESS HEAT STAYS ON PLANET EARTH EACH YEAR. GREENHOUSES GASES ARE IMPORTANT AS THEY ARE A FACTOR THAT HARM THE ENVIRONMENT THROUGH GLOBAL WARMING BUT CAN BE CONTROLLED BY HUMAN ACTIONS. IF PEOPLE CHOOSE TO CONTROLL THE AMOUNT OF GASES THEY UTILISE THEN THIS PROBLEM CAN BE CONTROLLED.From what I've heard our current climate system is not at all stable because of global warming and greenhouse gases and if we keep going the way we are we will destroy the earth. That is why we should all become hippies.LVAL . In loose terms yes. As it is a judgement on weather patterns in the past it can be predicted by following general trends shown by data.It can be but only to a limited extent in advance. it is based upon how air, water and other things move and because these things constantly change and are influenced by other changes it is hard to predict. Therefore it is not always accurate.Weather is the state of the atmosphere at a particular time. it can only be predicted for a limited time in advance because it is constantly changing. Climate is the general state of the atmosphere at a particular time. It is judged on the averages and patterns of weather in the past 30 (not 100% sure...) years. eg. Australia has a warm/hot temperate climate They are different as weather is short term and climate is more long term.The carbon cycle is the movement of carbon through the Earth's 4 spheres (biosphere, lithosphere, atmosphere and hydrosphere). it can be stored in various places and in solid, liquid or gaseous state. Carbon is important because it is essential for living things to contain carbon. It is also used for a variety of things.Greenhouse gases are gases that allow longwave radiation (infared heat) to remain within the earth's atmosphere. they are important because it helps keep the Earth's temperature suitable for life to exist. without it it may be much colder.No because nowadays humans are continously using items that cause greenhouse gases which is why the temperature is decreasing gradually. Therefore the climate system is changing each year due to human carelessness.Tragedy of the commons in climate systems are probems associated with the climate and such problems affect everyone no matter where they reside in the world. An example of such a tragedy is global warming as it harms people residing in every country.Dynamic equilibrium in climate systems means that the warmth and the cold balamce ech other out so natural process that require a certain degree of warmth and cold can occur normally.6LVAL  PHTWeather and climate are different things. Weather is the temperature and sun, wind, rain or hail conditions. Climate is the description regarding the area, and not the specific weather conditions. EG Sydney has moderate summers and moderate winters. The carbon cycle is the ebb and flow of carbon levels on Earth. As most habitable land masses are situated in the Northern hemisphere, when the trees start growing carbon dioxide is absorbed, so the carbon level decreases, but when winter arrives the carbon levels rise as the trees lose their leaves and respiration process. Greenhouse gases are gases produced by man-made and natural factors which trap the rebounding UV rays of heat and sunlight inside the Earth's atomosphere. Essentially, this gradually raises the temperature inside our atomospherisc dome, which causes global warming. They are important as it makes up more than 70% of the air we breathe in, and this mixture of carbon dioxide, oxygen, nitrogen and other gases make it possible for us to survive. i don't think so because there a a variety of changing factors that influence others to also change. there have been dramitic spikes in the amount of carbon in the atmosphere and this sudden upwards trend may result in the climate being unstable. i am not 100% sure but it depends on your definition of stable.it means that the commons create tragedy because they are always the same and things cannot eveolve to suit them. honestly i have no ideai think emergent properties are properties that are clear and evident in a climate system. they would be fairly obvious and developing clearly. another guess...i think dynamic equilibrium is a moving equilibrium. i think in climate systems it refers to different trends possibly influenced by the seasonal variations. however they generally seem to even each other out slightly althogh may be gradually on the rise.something that is returned. i think it may be the climate's response to certain changes. i cannot make up anything further$$> h ' Q e  :Xv 5_F`zLRB@00000098climate_knowledge_1j@pretest02^L@ جB@00000055problem_solving_confidence1pretest03n\N جB@00000055problem_solving_1@pretest03ZH< ^M@pretest02^L@ ^M Climate can be predicted if there is enough accurate historical data. It is reasonable to predict that the Sahara Desert will be very hot during the day and that Antarctica will be extremely cold because they have always been like that. However with the progression of climate change, climatic patterns may be disrupted and this can be evident in the future.WHAT. WHY. AN ESSAY. WHY.(defeated sigh) I guess any movement in the atmosphere effects everything else and a butterfly flapping their wings could HELP a snow storm, but not nesscessarily CAUSE it. For example the fleas on rats who ran around and bit humans who than ran around and infected other humans caused the Black Plague which killed half the people on earth. It does matter how small an event is, everything, even in the atmosphere is connected and can snowball (not a pun) in a snowstorm. This is a very short essay. I am going to fail. I hope you know this is ridiculously cruel. You just sitting there in your doc martens eating shin cup noodles. You univesity hipster you.A butterfly could help cause a minuscule change in air pressure over time if added to with other causes. It may add a tiny disturbance to the air but alone cannot cause a snowstorm far away. Changes in temperature, air pressure and wind direction could factor in along and build up all the way to Alaska but this is a very small chance as the scale of the force of a butterfly flapping its wings compared to the scale of global climate is incredibly different. A tiny change in temperature and other elements contributing to snowstorms can also be caused by a butterfly's force as it could contribute to the right conditions needed for a snowstorm. The distance could be explained as factors like low pressure systems and high pressure systems are examples that move some distance over time. These could cause the dry and cold conditions needed for a snowstorm. LVAL Weather can be predicted. However it can only be predicted accurately within a week or so. There is still a lot to be learned about weather for us to be able to have 100% accurate weather forecasts.Weather and climate are different. Weather refers to the fluctuations in the atmosphere over shorter periods of time which include precipitation, temperature, clouds, humidity, etc. Climate on the other hand, refers to the long term characteristics of weather at a particular place. At least 30 years of reliable data need to be collected before making conclusions about the climate at a particular place on Earth.The carbon cycle refers to the transfer of carbon through the different spheres on earth (lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere and biosphere). These cycles can be extremely lengthly - up to millions of years - or very short. An exmaple is the burning of coal. Coal is the remains of ancient trees which have been burried in the ground for a very long time. When the ancient coal is dug up and burnt up for energy, the carbon in the trees from millions of years ago is released into the atmosphere. It is important because carbon is in everything and if we continue to dig up ancient rock and burn them, the levels of carbon in the atmosphere will continue to increase at an exponential rate - speeding up climate change.Greenhouse gases are the layer of gas particles forming a blanket over the Earth which keeps in warmth. When the sun rays hit Earth, instead of warming the air directly, the infrared waves in fact heat up the ground which then heats up the surrounding air. The greenhouse effect (caused by the greenhouse gases) stop the heat escaping into space and thus warms our Earth enough to sustain life. The greenhouse effect is often viewed negatively but if there was no greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, the Earth would be too cold and not able to support life. The actions of humans influence the amount of gases emitted into the atmosphere and thus influences the strength of the greenhouse effect.LVALN H DSome examples of feedback are the extreme temperatures and the melting of the snow caps which are both caused by global warming. Also the the water in the seas increasing may be due to the ice caps melting. Warmer winters may also be a result from global warming.Weather can be predicted but not all predictions are exact and accurate. There may be impulse weather changes throughout the day which may not be taken into account as the satellites that detect the weather may not be able to detect it as they are sudden and irregular patterns of weather.The weather and climate is different as weather is the atmosphere of a place at a particular time or day whereas climate is the atmosphere of a place at an extended and longer period of time. Greenhouse gases are gases that are released from houses, vehicles, etc. They contribute to global warming. They are important if a large amount of the gases get trapped in the atmosphere, it can result into global warming which may not only affect flora and fauna but also any living organism on this planet. e.g. humans.Ants. There are too many ants (which make them common) which is why they die all the time (from people squishing them) which is why it is a tragedy. Common things suffer.Emergent properties in climate systems refers to the new things that are popping up in our climate over the recent years as a result of climate change. For example,the emerging presence of greenhouse gases in our climate is affecting the global average temperature which over the next million years can potentially make life on Earth impossible.An example of dynamic equilibrium in climate systems are the deserts and the poles. They are polar opposite but each sustain their own equilibrium in their ecosystem. With climate change become more and more influential, the dynamic equilibrium in climate systems will be effected and this may adversely effect life on Earth. I don't know.e#  E o  ) Q k 8b!K_}4Iv͓B@00000118problem_solving_confidence1pretest03n\N Iv͓B@00000118problem_solving_1@pretest03ZH<  `˓B@00000114problem_solving_confidence2pretest03n\N  `˓B@00000114problem_solving_1@pretest03ZH< z*0˓B@00000105problem_solving_confidence2pretest03n\N z*0˓B@00000105problem_solving_1d@pretest03ZH< QΠȓB@00000092climate_knowledge_confidence2pretest02r`R QΠȓB@00000092climate_knowledge_10@pretest02`NB QΠȓB@00000092climate_knowledge_9@pretest02^L@ QΠȓB@00000092climate_knowledge_8l@pretest02^L@ QΠȓB@00000092climate_knowledge_7@pretest02^L@ QΠȓB@00000092climate_knowledge_6@pretest02^L@ QΠȓB@00000092climate_knowledge_5n@pretest02^L@ QΠȓB@00000092climate_knowledge_4v@pretest02^L@ QΠȓB@00000092climate_knowledge_3@pretest02^L@ QΠȓB@00000092climate_knowledge_2@pretest02^L@ QΠȓB@00000092climate_knowledge_1@pretest02^L@ qǓB@00000115problem_solving_confidence2pretest03n\N qǓB@00000115problem_solving_1@pretest03ZH< gœB@00000098problem_solving_confidence2pretest03n\N gœB@00000098problem_solving_1@pretest03ZH< YÓB@00000057climate_knowledge_confidence2pretest02r`R YÓB@00000057climate_knowledge_10@pretest02`NB YÓB@00000057climate_knowledge_9h@pretest02^L@ YÓB@00000057climate_knowledge_8@pretest02^L@ YÓB@00000057climate_knowledge_7???pretest02cQ@ YÓB@00000057climate_knowledge_6@pretest02^L@ YÓB@00000057climate_knowledge_5@ pretest02^L@ YÓB@00000057climate_knowledge_4B@pretest02^L@ YÓB@00000057climate_knowledge_3@pretest02^L@ YÓB@00000057climate_knowledge_2??pretest02bP@ YÓB@00000057climate_knowledge_1@pretest02^L@ -“B@00000117climate_knowledge_confidence1pretest02r`R -“B@00000117climate_knowledge_10No. Because everyone says so.pretest02mB -“B@00000117climate_knowledge_9T@pretest02^L@ "LVALB t<green house gases are gases that are released into the atmoshere which retain some of the heat produced on earth. green house gases include carbon doixide,CO2 as well as other gases and emissions from fossil fuel. they are important because they help keep the earth warm and allow animals and living things to grow and survive.'A butterfly flapping its wings in Brazil can jiggle the air and thus can help cause a snowstorm in Alaska' is a false statement. Snowstorms are formed by weather conditions in nearby situations. When a butterfly flapping its wings- (unless it is mutant butterfly holding a record of being bigger than a building ) the air that it jiggles just flows back into place. THere is no way that a butterfly in Brazil would be able to move or help cause a snowstorm in ALaska. in my opinion i do not think this is possible but, what do i know? a butterfly 'jiggling' the air does not mean it has started a storm an ocean away. it could simply be a coincident if a snow storm has happened at the same time a butterfly is fluttering their stuff. anyway, if this was true does that also mean everytime we move we are creating storms in some nearby country like new zealand? that would, honest to god, create more havoc than a war. No, the global climate system is not system as there are still many natural disasters occuring and the issue of global warming is also getting serious as many animals and plants have died due to this and that humans may be the next victims.Some examples of 'tragedy of the commons' are natural disasters such as droughts, floods, storms, tornadoes, etc. Some are caused by the sudden change in the atmosphere or the weather. Also global warming can cause some of the disasters such as droughts due to the high temperatures and the globe warming up.Examples of emergent properties in climate systems are the processes of what contributes to the weather such as evaporationa and condensation of water. e.g. rain. And also freezing and melting precedures. e.g. snow, floods.LVAL p&no since its changes are dramtic over the past century. the temperature of the atmosphere is rising every year and has been disturbing different species of animals around the world that depends on the temperature to start variuos routines of there lives. ie immigration of birds, hatching of catepillars thus this causes interuption throughout the whole food chainclimate cannot be predicted since it need to be recorded over a period of time but i think you generally know the general climate of a place since its pretty much the same every year.yes because by observing weather patterns over a period of time and based on meterological data meterologist are able to forcast the weather by looking at satellite photographs and data. no climate is the weather at a particular place over a period of time whereas eather is just recorded at a specific place at a specific time.the carbon cycle is the cycle of how co2 moves aroung our planet.? so i think the carbon cycle involves how the co2 travel and is released into the atmosphere. lets say the co2 emissions from cars and humans and animals gets released into the atmosphere and then trees and co2 absorbing plants take in the co2 and then turn it into oxygen humans then breath in this oxygen and turn it into co2 and the cycle repeats itself. i think most of the co2 just goes up into the amosphere and gets trapped there and causes the earth to get warming. it important for his cycle to continue because there neds to be a balance of co2 in the atmosphere because too much and too less will do damage. too much co2 warms up the planet too less would result in freezing temperatures.LVAL NO. the poor butterfly is not so much as a blimp in even the ecosystems. its wings are not even that powerful. while it may be strong enough to fly around in the air, its not enough to even help cause a breeze. common sense depicts it. No this is not possible because of the fact that butterflie exist in places where snow does not occur. If this hypothesis was true then the phenomena of snow would always occur in the vicinity of butterflies flapping their wings. On the contrary places without butterflies also experience snow. The wings flap in order to create energy which will help them keep aloft in the sky. This is absolutely not true. It is also not possible to jiggle the air. Even if the snowing records in Alaska are taken into account,no trend between butterflies flapping their wings and snow storms can be detected. Before making a scientific judgment it is essential to figure out the validity of the experiment you are conducting. When this hypothesis was formed no experiment designed proved tat the hypothesis was true. Keeping all these facts in mind it is acceptable to state that the hypothesis of butterflies flapping their wings in order to cause snowstorms is not backed up with any evidence. It may contribute a tiny amount, but it seems a little too drastic to be possible. Butterflies are small insects that cause little disturbance in the air and while there are large species of butterflies, they would not be big enough to 'flap' their wings, they would probably 'flit' (i.e. flutter). Brazil and Alaska are quite far apart from each other. Unless there was a huge butterfly migration or something like that, or that somehow influenced the atmosphere in Alaska to help create a snowstorm, it doesn't seem very possible, even considering the example.LVALzThey are different. (???) Climate is the usual type of weather experienced in a certain place. The weather in a certain place can change everyday whereas the climate is the steady norm of weather in that certain place. ?????Trees & plants absorb carbon dioxide and in exchange give out oxygen, while humans & mammals breathe in oxygen and give out carbon dioxide ????????????Greenhouse gases are the gases that surround our planet. They form a kind of 'blanket' around the earth trapping heat. This works because the sun's rays are directed at the earth, where some of the warmth gets absorbed in the earth but the rest bounces off. When the rays bounce off the earth the greenhouse gases trap some of the sun's rays which heat our planet. This is called the greenhouse effect (????) The greenhouse effect is important as it is a vital system needed to keep our planet heated.Weather events are natural occurences in this world. For a particular weather event to happen, there have to be precise levels of many climatic conditions. It is extremely hard and not possible for human, and especially not animals actions to create changes and occurences in the weather, no matter how strong. Butterflies therefore will not be able to create such a snowstorm. Even if millions and millions of butterflies so flap around and stir up snow,the biggest impact would probably be a temporary wind. Although this might blow the snow around enough to make it seem like a weak 'snowstorm', it will not be able to maintain it's powers for long enough. For a snowstorm, there has to be enough water vapour in the air, the temperature has to be cold enough for it to fall as snow, and the pressure systems have to be intense and close enough to create strong winds. Butterflies flapping their wings cannot simply cause such an event.$H r  1 [ o  " Lv 5]w8Vty5B@00000057problem_solving_confidence3pretest03n\N y5B@00000057problem_solving_1@pretest03ZH< 3B@00000095problem_solving_confidence3pretest03n\N 3B@00000095problem_solving_1h@pretest03ZH< JB@00000091problem_solving_confidence1pretest03n\N JB@00000091problem_solving_18@pretest03ZH<  CB@00000113problem_solving_confidence2pretest03n\N  CB@00000113problem_solving_1@pretest03ZH< g:B@00000094problem_solving_confidence1pretest03n\N g:B@00000094problem_solving_1L@pretest03ZH< # ޓB@00000108climate_knowledge_confidence2pretest02r`R # ޓB@00000108climate_knowledge_106@pretest02`NB # ޓB@00000108climate_knowledge_9@pretest02^L@ # ޓB@00000108climate_knowledge_8p@pretest02^L@ # ޓB@00000108climate_knowledge_7@pretest02^L@ # ޓB@00000108climate_knowledge_6@pretest02^L@ # ޓB@00000108climate_knowledge_5@pretest02^L@ # ޓB@00000108climate_knowledge_4"@pretest02^L@ # ޓB@00000108climate_knowledge_3V@pretest02^L@ # ޓB@00000108climate_knowledge_2@ pretest02^L@ # ޓB@00000108climate_knowledge_1:@pretest02^L@ #ݓB@00000117problem_solving_confidence1pretest03n\N #ݓB@00000117problem_solving_1b@pretest03ZH< 4͓B@00000094climate_knowledge_confidence1pretest02r`R 4͓B@00000094climate_knowledge_10j@pretest02`NB 4͓B@00000094climate_knowledge_9@pretest02^L@ 4͓B@00000094climate_knowledge_8@pretest02^L@ 4͓B@00000094climate_knowledge_7@pretest02^L@ 4͓B@00000094climate_knowledge_6@pretest02^L@ 4͓B@00000094climate_knowledge_5@pretest02^L@ 4͓B@00000094climate_knowledge_4@pretest02^L@ 4͓B@00000094climate_knowledge_3@pretest02^L@ 4͓B@00000094climate_knowledge_2.@pretest02^L@ 4͓B@00000094climate_knowledge_1@pretest02^L@ ͓B@00000058problem_solving_confidence3pretest03n\N ͓B@00000058problem_solving_1h@pretest03ZH< LVAL l hthe tradgedy of commons was a great battle during the 1945's where ancient, mysterious narwhals flew out to Russia to defend the vicious killer whales that were beached on the edge of a certain cliff which i cant remember the name of right now. The pretty aztecs of Russia were fierce in their battle causing damage to the narwhals defences (explaining why there are little narwhals around nowadays) but the courageous narwhals went on with their battle slowly weakening the Russian Aztecs. Little is written about the rest of the battle but we somehow (probably from the telepathic wallabies) know that the battle was eventually won by the narwhals, which was a great triumph for the narwhal kind. The End.??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????With the right amount of study in a certain area a climate can be predicted. Scientists can estimate the usual patterns in an area with the help of on going tests taken in that area. Taking the results from those tests we can calculate an average in weather, therefore estimating what the climate is like in a certain area????/It can be predicted to a certain extent. Scientist have enough technology from weather stations to provide a estimated prediction on what the weather will be like 2 - 5 days before the actual day. Though these predictions are usually accurate, they are not 100%. Scientist do not have enough technology to predict the weather 2 weeks in advance as the weather can change quite quickly. jLVAL 4Weather can be predicted to some extent. Meteorologists study the pattern of various things, such as cold fronts and warm fronts, and use this to predict the weather. It is impossible for anyone to predict weather weeks or months beforehand, as weather can change suddenly.Weather and climate have different meanings. Climate is measured over a long period of time, and used to create graphs and data, whereas weather relates to a specific day.Greenhouse gases are the gases that surround the earth's atmosphere. They act as a barrier by keeping the sun's rays in and absorbing infra red rays. We would not be able to survive without greenhouse gases. Some of the main greenhouse gases are water vapour, carbon dioxide and methane. They are important because they provide heat for the earth. Without greenhouse gases, Earth would be about 30 degrees colder.It is not possible for a butterfly flapping its wings in Brazil to cause a snowstorm in Alaska. First there is the issue of distance. Brazil is in South America, Alaska is in the most north-western point of North America. There is no way something on so small a scale in one part of the Earth can trigger such a significant effect on somewhere so much further away. Second there is the different scale of the events. It isn't possible for a butterly flapping its wings to trigger such a large scale event a world away. That is why this is not possible.It is stable?? except for the fact that the carbon dioxide in our atmosphere is increasing ever so slight every year due to us. As a result, the temperature is slowly increasing, which is melting the earth's ice caps and is slowly (very VERY slowly)causing the water level to rise. (?????????????????????????????????HGYFJEGHFGYFGUHEGYHIGVHBJHGFDSAWSDFGHJKLJHGFDSASDGFHJKHGFDSAWQDSFGHJKJHGFDSADFGHJKLJHGESAWRTYFGVB NJHYTUREDFGCVGHJYTRESF)LVALp bTno?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? Though small changes in the earth can effect other things to change in a massive scale (e.g. an earthquake in the middle of the ocean can cause a huge tsunami to occur), I still don't think it is quite possible for the tiniest movement of air in Brazil to cause a snowstorm in Alaska. The current global climate system is not stable. If humans continue to omit greenhouse gases, the quality of the planet will decrease. Burning fossil fuels adds to an increase in atmospheric concentration. The temperature of the earth will dramatically increase if this is continued.A man wrote an essay called 'Tragedy of the Commons', and it related to climate change. I don't know how it relates to climate systems.Emergent properties may refer to properties of a climate system that cause climate events to happen, such as thunderstorms. They are each important in contributing to a climatic event.For all living things to function, there needs to be some kind of balance. The oxygen we breathe in must be equal to the carbon dioxide we breathe out. If something in the climate system is disrupted, it will affect the whole system. It is important to have a dynamic equilibrium as animals or other living things could become extinct.Feedback in climate systems might be information obtained from how living things react to the climate. Scientists can use this data to predict certain things and make graphs. This could help them in the future.Climate may be easier to predict than weather. Different regions in the world have different climate types, depending on how close they are to the equator. The climate of most places can be predicted based on previous graphs and statistical data.LVAL No it is just a saying and it cannot be true. How can one butterfly flapping its wings cause enough air movement to be able to 'jiggle the air' and help cause a snowstorm in Alaska. If this rumour was true that wouldn'e things like planes or even birds create more air movement and so wouldn't there be a continous snowstorm in Alaska? And also, why would the butterfly only cause a snowstorm in Alaska but not in the other parts of the world. I think that it is ridiculous to say that one single butterfly in Brazil can jiggle the air and cause a snowstorm because that is practically saying that all movements of air in Brazil can contribute to a snowtorm in Alaska.Literally, the tiny air movements that the butterfly's wings make are too tiny and insubstantial to make any real impact in even the local wind patterns in the area immediate to that of the butterfly. there is no way that these minute draughts caused by the flapping motion of butterfly wings would help generate a snowstorm in Alaska. Theortically, however, going on the theory that all global climates are interconneted, the butterfly's movements could generate enough air movement to propel localised wind, therefore causing a 'snowball effect'. if the local wind then adds to major currents of atmospheric wind, such as the Hadley Cells, they will grow marginally stronger, until it the magnified force reaches the winds of Alaska, where the tiny butterfly's seemingly inconsequential air movements have helped create a snowstorm that could theoretically kill thousands of people. LVAL A butterfly flapping its wings in Brazil can jiggle the air and thus cna help cause a snowstorm in Alaska is not possible sue to the following reasons. It is not possible as Brazil and Alaska are in different hemispheres so the distance may be not possible for the reaction to occur. Also a butterfly flapping its wings will not jiggle the air that much as for a snowstorm to occur in Alaska. Snow is not caused by strong winds and the winds in Brazil are usually warm as the weathers of the two hemispheres are of the recipricol of each other. So it is not possible for a snowstorm to occur in Alaska. That is why i think it is not possible for a snowstorm to occur in Alaska due to the force of a butterfly's wings.The likelihood of a snowstorm being caused by butterflies flapping their wings is low and very unlikely. This is because the impact of butterflies in the Southern Hemisphere will have very little impact in the northern hemisphere. In order to form a snowstorm in a Alaska, there is a need for a lot of energy. Butterflies in Brazil will be unable to form energy on such a magnitude.There are greater forces on earth that would counteract the effect of the butterflies. Forces such as coriolis effect and gravity have a larger impact than butterflies. Even if the butterflies were capable of creating enough energy to cause a snowstorm, the coriolis effect would cause the energy to remain in the Southern Hemisphere. Thus the energy in the Southern Hemisphere will be unable to have an effect in the Northern hemisphere.LVAL Greenhouse gases are gases that effectively build/create a greenhouse affect on the Earth. They are there to keep the Earth not to warm and not to cold. It is also good at keeping some of the infra-red light trapped inside the Earth's atmosphere or the glass of the greenhouse so that the Earth keeps warm, but lets enough of it radiate out into space that the Earth is not too hot.This theory could be true. Based on the information provided, if there were several Brazilian butterflies, there could be enough force from their wings to propel wind towards Alaska. Brazil is relatively close in distance to Alaska, meaning the butterflies would not have to flap their wings that much. As they are from Brazil, Brazilian butterflies most likely have very strong wings, which helps in their quest to create a snowstorm in Alaska. However, they would probably need to recruit their other butterfly friends from other countries, who may not be as strong or determined as the Brazilian ones. In conclusion, if there were enough buterflies, they would create enough force to most likely cause a snowstorm in Alaska.this is the butterfly theory...which i don't really recall at all.. the butterfly theory is just i think.. a theory that a butterfly flapping its wing on the other side of the world can set off a chain of reactions that may cause a cyclone on the opposite side of the world. i think.... a sudden change in the air current or pressure may trigger a larger change like how a gentle breeze can cause a paper airplane to go completely off path. this increase or decrease in air pressure or change in current may cause a ripple effect in the air currents around the world and these changes may cause one high pressure system to meet with a low pressure system and thus cause a cyclone....3%< f % O w $ B\Eo65Y%NC@00000039languagenopretestH:* Y%NC@00000039genderfemalepretestH:& Y%NC@00000039DOB_year1999pretestJ<* Y%NC@00000039DOB_month08pretestJ<, Y%NC@00000039DOB_day31pretestF8( ԥB@00000101problem_solving_confidence1pretest03n\N ԥB@00000101problem_solving_1@pretest03ZH< $B@00000101climate_knowledge_confidence1pretest02r`R $B@00000101climate_knowledge_10pretest02`NB $B@00000101climate_knowledge_9@pretest02^L@ $B@00000101climate_knowledge_8pretest02^L@ $B@00000101climate_knowledge_7pretest02^L@ $B@00000101climate_knowledge_6pretest02^L@ $B@00000101climate_knowledge_5pretest02^L@ $B@00000101climate_knowledge_4pretest02^L@ $B@00000101climate_knowledge_3@ pretest02^L@ $B@00000101climate_knowledge_2@pretest02^L@ $B@00000101climate_knowledge_1@@pretest02^L@ )gP$B@00000093problem_solving_confidence3pretest03n\N )gP$B@00000093problem_solving_1@pretest03ZH< e+B@00000111problem_solving_confidence3pretest03n\N e+B@00000111problem_solving_1 @pretest03ZH< XLB@00000093climate_knowledge_confidence3pretest02r`R XLB@00000093climate_knowledge_10@pretest02`NB XLB@00000093climate_knowledge_9?pretest02`N@ XLB@00000093climate_knowledge_8@pretest02^L@ XLB@00000093climate_knowledge_7b@pretest02^L@ XLB@00000093climate_knowledge_6@pretest02^L@ XLB@00000093climate_knowledge_5,@pretest02^L@ XLB@00000093climate_knowledge_4@pretest02^L@ XLB@00000093climate_knowledge_3@pretest02^L@ XLB@00000093climate_knowledge_2@pretest02^L@ XLB@00000093climate_knowledge_1@pretest02^L@ ,B@00000108problem_solving_confidence1pretest03n\N ,B@00000108problem_solving_1@pretest03ZH< B@00000092problem_solving_confidence2pretest03n\N B@00000092problem_solving_1Z@pretest03ZH< LVALf PThe same as the weather, the climate can be predicted to a certain degree of accuracy, but it changes with a lot of factors such as the forever changing with the temperature and the weather and the debatable rising sea levels that it is debatable to whether it can be debatable.Weather may or may not be predictable, but there is a certain degree of accuracy that weather stations can predict it to. The weather is forever changing with the temperature and the climate and the debatable rising sea levels that it leaves many questions in its wake, but whether the weather can be predicted is debatable.Weather and climate is not the same. Weather is what is happening in the atmosphere above us, whereas climate is the types of conditions that explains the weather and the temperature and many more things so climate is weather, but weather is not climate. As in if Type A was a mixture of Type B and Type C, Type B would not necessarily be Type A and neither would Type C be automatically Type A.The carbon cycle is a cycle where carbon is getting put into the atmosphere and then taken out again in a big cycle. Part of the Carbon Cycle is some of the carbon in the atmosphere getting taken out and being used in the act of photosynthesis so that it is turned into glucose?. It is then eaten by animals who eat the plants and so they absorb the carbon? and then put it back into the atmosphere when they respire. It is important because it helps people understand where carbon is within the world and how it affects us in our daily lives and what is happening in the world around us.RLVALR LjGreen house gases are a layer in the earths outmost atmosp h e r e........... that keep in air and things traps heat/warmth from the sun to allow life to formBased on the information that has been received from the participant, it is said to be not stable as the temperature differences from hot summer to cold winter is becoming more drastic as the Earth warms up and so it is said to be not stable. It is also said to be because of the hole in the ozone layer letting in more Ultra Violet light that is helping to melt the Ice caps/Antarctica and so that is also contributing to the unstable climate system of the Earth. In some weather systems within a climate system there is the possibility that there could be some low pressure systems combining with some high pressure systems that can make a cyclone/typhoon/hurricane depending where you are in the Known Universe, Milky Way Galaxy, Solar System, Planet Earth. This can emerge from some climate systems.There is the balance of the ratio of how much rain Australia receives and how much South America receives during La Nina and La Nino(may not be accurate spelling of the words) and how it balances out the dry seasons with the wet. This shows the balance within the climate systems that help create balance.In a climate system, there is sometimes visible and non-visible feedback such as lack of food in the area or an increased number in the population or the increased deceased population in the area. There is also the records of tests done in the area showing results of the feedback from a climate system in the area and for the Earth there is an apparent result that the icecaps/Antarctica is melting and so the sea level is rising and so there is less ground above water.2LVAL`DEven with a small flap of its wings it can still disturb the air in Brazil which can disturb the Earth and its atmosphere which can travel all the way to Alaska disturbing a tree and so it can knock over a pebble which can disturb the land causing a landslide in Alaska.It is impossible to tell whether a particular butterfly in Brazil has displaced air causing a snowstorm on the other side of the world, in Alaska. However, the theory of interconnectedness and knock-on effects behind this statement is definitely correct- and extremely relevant to issues relating to climate change. While a butterfly may or may not be able to cause a snowstorm, it is true that a seemingly small change, like a melting glacier in the arctic circle, does have numerous affects that can be felt worldwide. This is possible because although the melting ice may not be having a direct affect, through the series of events it causes, it can have widespread affects which may not be immediately evident. The melting glacier (which was caused by rising atmospheric temperatures, in turn caused by increased greenhouse gas emissions) causes the sea-levels worldwide to rise by an infinitesimal amount. This, when combined with melting ice in other parts of the world can cause noticeable changes in sea-level. These changes can then mean that low-lying areas of land can become submerged, leaving plants animals and people with nowhere to go. These displaced people then must makes space to live and support themselves by clearing areas of previously untouched natural environment, which can mean a loss of habitat for species of native plants and animals and their ultimate extinction, causing a lack in biodiversity. So, a Brazilian butterfly may not be able to cause an Alaskan snowstorm, but by applying this theory of interconnected events- we can seek to understand climate events better. For example, by exploring how a melting glacier off the coast of Greenland can lead to the submersion of all of Bangladesh.LVAL z0Weather can be predicted but it is never 100% accurate. Weather changes all the time however a general forecast of what the weather will be like in the next few days is possible too. Weather is the effect of changes in the world. For example, due to an increase of CO2 in the atmosphere may cause the weather to react differently; hotter days (increase of temperature), more extreme seasonal effects. Climate is a little bit different from this, it is the 'weather' which is affected over the whole world and includes all aspects of the atmosphere. The carbon cycle is the system in which carbon is released, stored and trapped. It is important as without carbon on earth, our life cycle would be disrupted and as would the balance of the natural world.Greenhouse gas is the effect of CO2 from the atmosphere on the temperature of the Earth. It is important because they determine the temperature on the planet which is stable enough for life to be sustainable. Without greenhouse gases, the temperature of the earth would be too cold for living things to survive. The true example of the well known play, the 'tradegy of the commons' written by William Stratosphere depicts two star crossed lovers whose deaths ultimately reconcile their feuding families causing a stretch of fair sky and sunny weather across all of Europe. Rometeology and Jul I don't know enough terms to make more puns Carbon cycle is when fuel is burnt and the carbon in the fuel is released back in to the atmosphere in gas form.... This is important because the amount of carbon in the air contributes to global....warmming...........................?? Also the amount of carbon that has been released into the atmosphere has been increasing from the pastkdfsahds c my knowledge ends here*&'K u 4 ^  G q0Z30} 0ZKD@00000062science-attitude-32pretest01^L> KD@00000062science-attitude-22pretest01^L> KD@00000062science-attitude-12pretest01^L> ]y@KD@00000062math_grade_last_yearbpretest^PB ]y@KD@00000062math_grade_half_yearapretest^PB ]y@KD@00000062science_grade_last_yearcpretestdVH ]y@KD@00000062science_grade_half_yearbpretestdVH ]y@KD@00000062language_otherpretestPB6 ]y@KD@00000062languageyespretestI;* ]y@KD@00000062genderfemalepretestH:& ]y@KD@00000062DOB_year1998pretestJ<* ]y@KD@00000062DOB_month05pretestJ<, ]y@KD@00000062DOB_day18pretestF8( ej-NC@00000039problem_solving_1pretest03ZH<  !-NC@00000039climate_knowledge_10pretest02`NB  !-NC@00000039climate_knowledge_9pretest02^L@  !-NC@00000039climate_knowledge_8pretest02^L@  !-NC@00000039climate_knowledge_7pretest02^L@  !-NC@00000039climate_knowledge_6pretest02^L@  !-NC@00000039climate_knowledge_5pretest02^L@  !-NC@00000039climate_knowledge_4pretest02^L@  !-NC@00000039climate_knowledge_3pretest02^L@  !-NC@00000039climate_knowledge_2pretest02^L@  !-NC@00000039climate_knowledge_1pretest02^L@ 'T+NC@00000039science-attitude-93pretest01^L> 'T+NC@00000039science-attitude-83pretest01^L> 'T+NC@00000039science-attitude-73pretest01^L> 'T+NC@00000039science-attitude-62pretest01^L> 'T+NC@00000039science-attitude-52pretest01^L> 'T+NC@00000039science-attitude-42pretest01^L> 'T+NC@00000039science-attitude-33pretest01^L> 'T+NC@00000039science-attitude-23pretest01^L> 'T+NC@00000039science-attitude-13pretest01^L> Y%NC@00000039math_grade_last_yearBpretest^PB Y%NC@00000039math_grade_half_yearBpretest^PB Y%NC@00000039science_grade_last_yearBpretestdVH Y%NC@00000039science_grade_half_yearBpretestdVH Y%NC@00000039language_other Cantonesepretest[M6  &*T ~  = g & N =<\?i(Rfq2D@00000112climate_knowledge_confidence2pretest02r`R q2D@00000112climate_knowledge_10|@pretest02`NB q2D@00000112climate_knowledge_9@pretest02^L@ q2D@00000112climate_knowledge_8@pretest02^L@ q2D@00000112climate_knowledge_7@pretest02^L@ q2D@00000112climate_knowledge_6z@pretest02^L@ q2D@00000112climate_knowledge_5*@pretest02^L@ q2D@00000112climate_knowledge_4n@pretest02^L@ q2D@00000112climate_knowledge_3@pretest02^L@ q2D@00000112climate_knowledge_2@pretest02^L@ q2D@00000112climate_knowledge_1p@pretest02^L@ fq'D@00000112math_grade_last_yearBpretest^PB fq'D@00000112math_grade_half_yearBpretest^PB fq'D@00000112science_grade_last_yearBpretestdVH fq'D@00000112science_grade_half_yearApretestdVH fq'D@00000112language_otherChinese/mandarinpretestbT6 fq'D@00000112languagenopretestH:* fq'D@00000112genderfemalepretestH:& fq'D@00000112DOB_year1999pretestJ<* fq'D@00000112DOB_month06pretestJ<, fq'D@00000112DOB_day23pretestF8( SKD@00000062problem_solving_1pretest03ZH< KD@00000062climate_knowledge_10pretest02`NB KD@00000062climate_knowledge_9pretest02^L@ KD@00000062climate_knowledge_8pretest02^L@ KD@00000062climate_knowledge_7pretest02^L@ KD@00000062climate_knowledge_6pretest02^L@ KD@00000062climate_knowledge_5pretest02^L@ KD@00000062climate_knowledge_4pretest02^L@ KD@00000062climate_knowledge_3pretest02^L@ KD@00000062climate_knowledge_2pretest02^L@ KD@00000062climate_knowledge_1pretest02^L@ KD@00000062science-attitude-94pretest01^L> KD@00000062science-attitude-84pretest01^L> KD@00000062science-attitude-73pretest01^L> KD@00000062science-attitude-62pretest01^L> KD@00000062science-attitude-53pretest01^L> KD@00000062science-attitude-42pretest01^L> LVAL \ An example of emergence is the bird flocking model. We don't know why, but the effect of cohesion, separation, allignment causes a pattern to emerge amongst the way the birds fly. The formation of the pattern is better seen by an increase in either of the three effects. Emergence is also seen in other places in the world, like the emergence of symmetry in plants, climate patterns etc. In the sheep, wolf and grass model, a dynamic equilibrium is seen. Without one element of the cycle, the rest cannot continue with the same balance. For example, if there is no grass left because the sheep ate it all, the sheep will die out as there is no sustainable food source left. When the sheep die out, the wolves will have no more food to eat and they will eventually die out too. If there are no more wolves, there will be an abundance of sheep who will eat all the grass which will die out. Eventually when there is no food left for the sheep, they will disappear too. In a climate system, feedback can be seen in the way alb edo affects the temperature of the overall climate. The higher the albedo rate, the lower the temperature, but then it continues to decrease because as the temperature drops, more ice forms and the pattern continues. Another example is the ant model where the ants gave off a trail on its way to the food source allowing another ant to follow and the more ants that catch the trail, the larger the trail given off. Therefore the more trail given off, the more ants there will be and the quicker the food is taken. Climate is affected by a variety of changes to the world's atmosphere and therefore it is quite difficult to predict. Maybe a short-term forecast can be seen but a long term change can also be predicted by comparing climate data (temperature etc) to climate events from before.BLVAL fXUltimately, this question relies on the power the cause to effect phenomenon has on our world. First of all, a butterfly (assuming the question refers to butterflies today and not earlier in the earth "!s timeline when they were considerably bigger) is a relatively small creature in comparison to the earth and its air currents. Consequently the air molecules moved by the butterflies "! wings are in a very small quantity, delivered by the air current of the world. This is why I believe this theory is impossible, save for the fact that the amount of Shelp the butterfly gives to cause a snowstorm in Alaska will be very minute if any. No, it is not. Since the start of the Industrial Revolution, the worse products brought up by humans using unsustainable sources have made the global climate system less stableA butterflys effect on the air surrounding it may be large on a small scale, however on a large scale, it is very minute. This doesn't mean a snow storm cannot occur in Alaska due to a butterfly flapping its wings but the possibility of it is pretty slim. If the ripples in the air are joined by other ripples from different sources, it can be possible that the overall effect of the combined air ripples may meet other larger ripples and eventually build up to a snowstorm. However, Brazil being on the opposite end of the world to Alaska, the chance of a butterfly causing a snowstorm is very very small. I think the climate system is stable, although there is an increase of co2 in the atmosphere, it does not necessarily cause an inbalance. From the data collected from past years, we can assume that even greater ups and downs have occured, not due to the effect of humans on the earth's climate but rather the effect of solar rays (sun). Overall, the global climate system right now is not something unseen before and is still sustainable/stable.  &H r  1 [  Z  R k(R|;eDd }E@00000026climate_knowledge_8N/Apretest02cQ@  }E@00000026climate_knowledge_7N/Apretest02cQ@  }E@00000026climate_knowledge_6N/Apretest02cQ@  }E@00000026climate_knowledge_5@pretest02^L@  }E@00000026climate_knowledge_4@pretest02^L@  }E@00000026climate_knowledge_3@pretest02^L@  }E@00000026climate_knowledge_2N/Apretest02cQ@  }E@00000026climate_knowledge_1@pretest02^L@ 0{E@00000026science-attitude-94pretest01^L> 0{E@00000026science-attitude-83pretest01^L> 0{E@00000026science-attitude-73pretest01^L> 0{E@00000026science-attitude-63pretest01^L> 0{E@00000026science-attitude-53pretest01^L> 0{E@00000026science-attitude-42pretest01^L> 0{E@00000026science-attitude-33pretest01^L> 0{E@00000026science-attitude-23pretest01^L> 0{E@00000026science-attitude-13pretest01^L> #{E@00000026math_grade_last_yearBpretest^PB #{E@00000026math_grade_half_yearB pretest`RB #{E@00000026science_grade_last_yearA/BpretestgYH #{E@00000026science_grade_half_yearB pretestfXH #{E@00000026language_otherpretestPB6 #{E@00000026languageyespretestI;* #{E@00000026genderfemalepretestH:& #{E@00000026DOB_year1998pretestJ<* #{E@00000026DOB_month05pretestJ<, #{E@00000026DOB_day23pretestF8( UD@00000112science-attitude-93pretest01^L> UD@00000112science-attitude-83pretest01^L> UD@00000112science-attitude-73pretest01^L> UD@00000112science-attitude-63pretest01^L> UD@00000112science-attitude-53pretest01^L> UD@00000112science-attitude-43pretest01^L> UD@00000112science-attitude-33pretest01^L> UD@00000112science-attitude-24pretest01^L> UD@00000112science-attitude-13pretest01^L> WND@00000112problem_solving_confidence3pretest03n\N WND@00000112problem_solving_1@pretest03ZH<  %#= W  ; `  Z7_ Jt 3YxwG@23456789climate_knowledge_4asdfpretest02dR@ wG@23456789climate_knowledge_3adfpretest02cQ@ wG@23456789climate_knowledge_2dpretest02`N@ wG@23456789climate_knowledge_1apretest02`N@ HֹG@23456789science-attitude-94pretest01^L> HֹG@23456789science-attitude-84pretest01^L> HֹG@23456789science-attitude-74pretest01^L> HֹG@23456789science-attitude-64pretest01^L> HֹG@23456789science-attitude-54pretest01^L> HֹG@23456789science-attitude-44pretest01^L> HֹG@23456789science-attitude-34pretest01^L> HֹG@23456789science-attitude-24pretest01^L> HֹG@23456789science-attitude-13pretest01^L> ?链G@23456789math_grade_last_yearpretest\NB ?链G@23456789math_grade_half_yearpretest\NB ?链G@23456789science_grade_last_yearpretestbTH ?链G@23456789science_grade_half_yearpretestbTH ?链G@23456789language_otherpretestPB6 ?链G@23456789DOB_year1960pretestJ<* ?链G@23456789DOB_month01pretestJ<, ?链G@23456789DOB_day01pretestF8( |sE@00000019climate_knowledge_confidence3pretest02r`R |sE@00000019climate_knowledge_10@pretest02`NB |sE@00000019climate_knowledge_9N/Apretest02cQ@ |sE@00000019climate_knowledge_8N/Apretest02cQ@ |sE@00000019climate_knowledge_7@pretest02^L@ |sE@00000019climate_knowledge_6N/Apretest02cQ@ |sE@00000019climate_knowledge_5:@pretest02^L@ |sE@00000019climate_knowledge_4,@pretest02^L@ |sE@00000019climate_knowledge_3v@pretest02^L@ |sE@00000019climate_knowledge_2B@pretest02^L@ |sE@00000019climate_knowledge_1@pretest02^L@ S[}E@00000026problem_solving_confidence2pretest03n\N S[}E@00000026problem_solving_1@pretest03ZH<  }E@00000026climate_knowledge_confidence2pretest02r`R  }E@00000026climate_knowledge_10`@pretest02`NB  }E@00000026climate_knowledge_9N/Apretest02cQ@ LVAL 4 No, because climate change is beginning to greatly affect our lives and it is said that by 2014, the arctic icecap will have fully melted. It is unstable because it will greatly and negatively impact the future generations if there is no end.Not really sure what examples dynamic equilibrium in climate system are however I think examples of them are desserts, tropical rainforests ?Climate can't be predicted, but the change in climate can. It can be predicted using weather data, and there are also climate stations situated in the world.Weather can be predictednas weather shows signs of change. This involves the colour of the sky, style of clouds, the weather of the last few days, etcWeather and climate are different. Weather is something that is short term, and only last for a day or a few days. Climate is like weather, but is long-term which can last up to months.The carbon cycle is the cycle of carbon where carbon is created (usually from factories) and is taken by nature which then transforms it into oxygen, which is then absorbed by animals, humans and insects, then transformed back into carbon dioxide. It is basically a cycle between the transformation between carbon and vice-versa. It is important for a balanced carbon cycle to maintain a healthy pollution-free world.Greenhouse gases are gases that contribute to the Greenhouse Effect (where light and heat enters Earth but gets trapped). They are important because they can effect Earth in a negative way in large scale, which will also affect life on Earth and the way Earth works.f%9 U i D ! 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[ì;@43195866014aapretest04B0"  ;@433119622confidence42pretest03R@2  ;@43311962213 @pretest03>,  tľ;@43380204713@pretest03>,  ^X;@436822031confidence43pretest03R@2 ^X;@43682203113(@pretest03>,  GẬ;@433120213confidence43pretest03R@2 GẬ;@43312021313@pretest03>,    LVALDSN=vworlds;DESCRIPTION=vworlds;SERVER=mysql.science.mq.edu.au;UID=vworlds_admin;PWD=v266w367;DATABASE=vworlds;PORT=3306gYA@_ Ar N  Y  Y ArIDschool_nameLVALXz $ `Because it could potentially stop traffic an dangerous drivingAim- To see if granite affects plant growth Hypothesis- I think it will affect the growth Materials- Plant sample, granite, pot, soil 1. Collect samples of the granite and and the crops 2. Put crops in pot of soil and place granite in pot also 3. Observe hourly and record resultsAim: To find weather granite dust would afect the farmers produce Hypothesis: The granite dust will poison the plants and render them unusable Materials: 1xsmaple of granite dust 1x produce from the feild still in the soil Method: 1. Collect a sample of the granite dust that was to be put on the farm 2.select some of the produce from that farm still in its soil 3.Put the granite dust on the plant and check every day for a week wheather the produce was still growing, poisoned or stopped growing Dust or No Dust Aim: To see whether granite dust effects the growth of plants. Materials: -2 pots -granite dust -two plants (of the same species) -ruler -water Method: 1. Place two plants in pots, and add identical amounts of soil. 2. place granite dust on top of ONE of the plants. 3. Give both plants each necessity they need, equally. i.e water, sunlight. 4. Record every day with a ruler how tall each plant has grown.My reasons for disagreeing is that not all roads are the same. HIghway lanes are different to surburban streets, therefore requiring different circumstances of lane lines.Aim: To find if storing granite on farms affects their produce Materieals: 2 Farms, Seeds, Granite Method: 1. Plant seeds in both the farms 2. Place ganite in one farm 3. When the crops are ready, observe if there are any differences Experiment: Store two buckets of soil in sunlight, both with seeds and place a small quantity of granite dust in one. 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Ukט;@431681129confidence33pretest02R@2 Ukט;@43168112912bpretest02@.  Ukט;@43168112911apretest02@.  Ukט;@43168112910bpretest02@.  LVAL  , If traffic overall moves quicker, then it is overall better for the flow of traffic and therefore decreasing the time of travel.Title: Polluting Granite Aim: To test if granite dust affect farmers produce. Equipment: fresh fruits/vegetables, granite dust, beaker, timer/clock Method: 1. Place frsh produce in beaker 2. Pour granite dust on top 3. Place beaker outside into open sunlight 4. Begin using the clock and wait until the fresh produe begins to take on effect from the granite dust 5. Observe and test how long it took for the frsh produce to be effected 6. Repeat steps 1-5 three times for fair test Results table: Graph: Conclusion:Aim: To test if granite dust badly affects plant growth. Materials: Plant seeds x2, soil, granite dust, 1L+ containers x2 Method: 1) Fill both containers with soil and plant the seeds in them. 2) Water both the plants and sprinkle granite dust on one. We will call the un-granited plant 'A' and the granited plant 'B'. 3) Repeat step 2 every day for 2 weeks. 4) Record the height of both the plants.I believe that the roads should be lined, as they increase the movement of traffic on the road, allowing for less conjestion and traffic jams. Also all the cars keep nearer to the edges of road, allowing for more cars to fit in to the space of roadAim: To find out if granite dust affects plant growth. Materials: granite dust, plant Method: 1) Put some granite dust on a plant 2) Leave the plant for few hours 3) After few hours check if the plant looks different 4) Put the plant in water and see if the water colour changes 5) Record if granite dust affects plantBecause the traffic moves quicker, the road is more efficent and gets people to where they need to be faster. 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V;@42983230611bpretest02@.  V;@42983230610dpretest02@.  *LVAL "R$HI agree because the traffic moves more quickly making it more efficient for cars to travel to and from places.1. Get the farmers to plant their vegetles and fruit 2. Place the granite piles next to the farm 3. Wait until the produce finishes growing 4. Test the produce for any contaminationThis will be more dangerous since the vehicles will have a higher chance of: 1. crushing the pathway. (closer to edges of road) 2. crushing pedestrians. (closer to edges of road) 2. crushing other vehicles (higher speed)I agree to painting lines on the narrow roads because it would be more clear for drivers and as it was more safer to have lane lines than no lane lines.Method: 1. Fill granite dust in three cups of the same size. 2. Pour them on three different vegetables and fruits. 3. Observe for 7 days and record the result. 4. Repeat step 1 to 3 three more times. Aim: To find if granite dust would pollute the farmer's produce. Materials: Granite dust, two medium-sized plant pots, soil, 6 lettuce seeds, water, 200ml beaker. Method: 1. Divide the soil into two equal parts. 2. Mix granite dust into one of the parts of soil and put them both into seperate pots 3. Plant 3 letuce seeds in each pot and place them where they will recieve equal amounts of sunlight 4. Twice a day for 2 weeks, fill the 200ml beaker with water and water the plants. 5. Observe the two kinds of lettuce under a microscope to see if they are infected.if the lines once painted in caused more dangerous driving then tehy should not be painted in. If there is more chance of damage to life then lines are not a good idea Although the traffic was already dangerous the lines only made it worseaim: To see if granite dust would affect plant growth materials:seed of fruit,granite dust,soil method: 1. 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[Ƽ;@432765024153pretest05@.  ;@432765024confidence52pretest04R@2 ;@43276502414b0@pretest04@." ;@43276502414abpretest04B0" 9;@434206685confidence44pretest03R@2 9;@43420668513@pretest03>,  + ;@438550291confidence14pretestN@2 + ;@4385502913cpretest:, + ;@4385502912dpretest:, \µ;@434787840233pretest05@.  \µ;@434787840223pretest05@.  \µ;@434787840213pretest05@.  \µ;@434787840203pretest05@.  \µ;@434787840193pretest05@.  \µ;@434787840183pretest05@.  \µ;@434787840172pretest05@.  \µ;@434787840163pretest05@.  \µ;@434787840153pretest05@.  LVAL~ NI disagree because if the lines were painted people would be more careless of where they are driving because they think it is 'safe' just because of th lines. I think that if they were not drawn people would be more careful of where they are driving and would it may prevent more crashes or dangerous situations.aim: to test for granite in the farmers produce. materials: farmers produce,granite. hypothesis:I think there will be granite in the farmers produce. method: 1.Having faster cars on a narrow road is dangerous as the room for moving is less. Having traffic nearer to the edges of the road with speeding cars will make the chance of an accident more.When the traffic keeps nearer to the road, the risk of an accident will be greatly increased. This combined with the higher speed of the cars will create an overall less safe environment on narrow roads.I disagree because the purpose of lane lines was to decrease the speed of traffic and make vehicles more inline and a specific distance away from each other and the road so it would be safer. As the results show, the lane lines instead caused traffic speed to increase, positioning of vehicles too close to the edge meaning it would be more dangerous for pedestrians and the distance giving no change meaning that there is no decreasing risk of crashing or any other close encounter accidents.Granite and Plants Aim: To find out if Granite dust effects the growth of plants. Hypothesis: I think the Granite dust will effect the plants because the dust may cause the plant to stop growing. 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G;@434029406confidence42pretest03R@2 G;@43402940613p@pretest03>,  h$;@434206685234pretest05@.  h$;@434206685224pretest05@.  h$;@434206685214pretest05@.  h$;@434206685204pretest05@.  h$;@434206685194pretest05@.  h$;@434206685184pretest05@.  h$;@434206685174pretest05@.  h$;@434206685164pretest05@.  fLVAL d &title: aim: diagram: method: equipment: hypothesis: results: conclusion:1. Title 2.Aim 3.Diagram 4.hypothesis 5.Method 6.Equipment 7.Results 8.Conclusion1)Title 2)Aim 3)Method 4)Hypothesis 5)Equipment 6)Diagram 7)Results 8)Conclusiontitle: aim: diagram: hypothesis:I strongly disagree with the postion the cars must go through. With an increase of traffic, narrow roads, accidents are more likely to occur when changing lanes. I agree with painting the narrow roads as drivers cna find it easier to drive without the fear of hitting other objects.Grow a plant with normal soil and soil with granite in it and measure it every day to deermine its growth.get two plants and put one plant with granite dust and see which plant grows the most deciding which plant grows the most. 1. collect equpment 2. plant two plants separate from each other with one next to granite and one without 3. record the resultsTitle: Testing food for contamination Aim: To investigate whether granite will ffect and contaminate the growth of plants Equipment: *vegetable *fruits *granite dust *soil patch Method: 1. Plant 2 sets of crops, but one with granite dust and the other normally 2. Water plants equally 3. Check on the crops every day 4. Observe any differences between two different crops 5. After growth takes plant, observe and cut up to notice any growth differences Results: Granite dusted plants affected growth Normal plants gew karger than granite dusted ones Conclusion: The King was wrong as the experiment showed that the granite dusted crops did not grow as arge or better as the nomal growing plants.materials: granite dust,farmers soil, test tube, universal indicator, white powder step 1: collect farmer produce step 2: take sample from farmers soil and place in test tube step 3: add granite dust into the test tube step 4: add white powder into the test tube step 5: add universal indicator step 6: shake and test PH levelZLVAL tBecause the traffic will be quick and does not change.Th traffic keeps near edges of the road.The road are better if they are narrow lines.I agree because traffic congestion is a big problem in all developed countries around the world. The speed of the traffic may be faster and the distance to the side of the road may be closer but that is a small price to pay for the reduction of accidents.i agreee to put lines in the middle of the road because that it will make the traffic move faster which will help people not to be lateNo because it would be a waste of time and money to get to all the lanes. If people do hit the sides of the narrow roads its their fault for not paying attention to the width of the roadAim: To discover whether granite dust will affect the growth of fruits and vegetables. Materials: Fruits, Vegetables, Granite Method: 1.Place produce in areas with granite and without granite. 2. Observe differences in samples of produce. Results: Gran Conclusion: From this experiment, we can see that granite dust does not affect produce when placed near it.Granite and Farming Aim: To test if granite in soil affects plant growth Hypothesus: I am not sure whether granite particles will affect plant growth Equipment: -2x Cups -10x Basil Seeds -1.4L Water -1x Ruler -Sunlight -250g Soil -250g Soil and Granite mixture Method: 1) Empty 250g of Soil into one cup 2) Empty 250g of Soil and Granite Mixture into other cup 3) Place 5 Basil Seeds into the cup 4) Pour 100mL of Water into each cup 5) Reapeat step 4 once a day for a week 6) Measure length of Basil Stems Diagram: \____/ -----Cup \__/------Soil Results: Cup With Granite+Soil Cup without Granite+Soil ________________________|_______________________ Length 25mm | 30mm ________________________|_______________________ Conclusion: Through this experiment i learnt that granite does affect plant growthN2f2 I P  i  5 L Sl8=V o"=Z Z{;@43478821812bpretest02@.  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Place a 50g apple and 50g of granite dust together in a bowl. 2. Wait for 4 - 5 days to see if growth occurs. Conclusion: Nurturing plants can't compensate with growth when granite dust overcomes it.Aim: Founding the proof of the granite dust and plant growth Materials: granite dust, construction materials, vegetables and fresh produce Method: 1.To found out if the granite dust would pollute their fruits and vegetables 2.Found the piling of granite in the farms 3. Prepare the shortage of construction materials 4.Add the granite dust 5.Found proof for the granite dust Conclusion : The shortage of the construction materials were part of the country's strategy to prepare.People will be able to move faster without thinking they will crash into someone else It is more safe people will not drive on the middle of the roadTitle:Plant Destroyed by Dust? Aim: To see if the granite dust would affect the plants. Material: Granite dust, 2 pot plants Method: 1. Place the one pot plant in a closed area filled with granite dust. 2. Place another pot plant in a clean room. 3. Check daily to see if the plants have any changes. 4. Compare the changes. i disagree with this decision due to the fact that crashes can result when cars are too close to the edges of the roads. also people may have nowhere to walk if all the cars are really close to the edge of the road.Painting the lines on narrow roads improved Traffic as the traffic moves more faster, keeps the traffic near edges which prevents car crashed and assuming the distance was good before these are positive imorovements. This was the best decision as it makes the lanes clearer and allows people to stay in the correct lane. Without the lines, people would be unable to determine which area of the road to drive in.=1RW  \  c  | / H a  z-FOh4=BG ;@434788218162pretest05@.   ;@434788218153pretest05@.  K;@438550291confidence52pretest04R@2 K;@43855029114b@pretest04@." 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LVAL X Granite Experiment Hypothesis: I think that the granite will pollute all of the produce. I think that this is because granite can be a hazardous material that can poison easily if ingested or otherwise consumed. Method: Expose the fruit and vegetables to the granite and moniter the produce conditions over the next few weeks. Results: The granite polluted all of the produce. Experiment: hypothesis: Get all the samples from the farm and test them Method: Test The samples and create a graph Result: Whatever it says on the graph Equipment: microscope slide dye samples of vegetables grown by the farmers Method: 1. place a small sample of one of the vegetables on a slide 2. put 1-2 drops of dye on the vegetable sample 3. place the slide in the microscope 4. adjust the focus of the microscope 5. If you see granite dust on the vegetables it has obviously been affected 6. Repeat steps 1-5 for some more types of vegetableI agree with this because firstly it allows drivers and other pedastrians to see clearly, secondly, Lines are there beacause it allows the motorists to drive more safely as they can see where their lane is, and finally, lines should be drawn because it looks cool on the road and make it more neat.Title: Granite-dust plants Aim: To find out if granite dust effects plant growth. Hypothesis: I think granite dust does not affect the plant growth. Equipment: 2 pots, 2 flowers, 2 piles of granite. Method: 1. Fill one cup with soil and granite and the other one with just soil. 2. Stick the flowers in. 3. Wait a few days and see which plant grew taller. Diagram: / / / / -- / / ONE WITH GRANITE ONE WITHOUT GRANITE Results: PLANT WITH GRANITE- GREW 30CM PLANT WITHOUT GRANITE- GREW 30CM Conclusion: The minister was right, granite dosen't affect plant growth. 4f2 Q h ! 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P;@42992429411cpretest02@.  P;@42992429410bpretest02@.  P;@4299242949apretest02>, P;@4299242948bpretest02>, P;@4299242947dpretest02>, uľ;@433912039confidence33pretest02R@2 uľ;@43391203912cpretest02@.  uľ;@43391203911apretest02@.  uľ;@43391203910dpretest02@.  uľ;@4339120399apretest02>, uľ;@4339120398bpretest02>, uľ;@4339120397apretest02>, О;@433805623confidence33pretest02R@2 О;@43380562312cpretest02@.  О;@43380562311bpretest02@.  О;@43380562310bpretest02@.  О;@4338056239apretest02>, О;@4338056238bpretest02>, О;@4338056237apretest02>, LVAL   The farmers could start a new farm or the granite could be moved to a different location I disagree because the speed is an issue. The speed is an issue because the cars are going faster therefore making more dangerous. I also think that the position is dangerous because the sidewalkers could get hit by the cars because the cars are nearer to the road. Aim: To see if granite dust affects the crops Equiptment: 2 Pots, Some soil, Seeds, Granite, Method: 1. fill each pot with the same amount of soil and the same amoun of seeds in each pot 2.Water them daily and make sure they both have the same amount of sunlight 3.Once both crops are fully grown you can see the difference of taste the difference between the 2 Hypothesis: I think the crops grown without the granite would be grown in better conditions and wont be contaminated like the ones with the granite testing for contamination to test fruit and vegetables for contamination method 1.expose vegetable to granite dust 2.test for contamination 3.record results 4.do steps 1 to 2 again with different vegetables 5.record results 6.do steps 1, 2 and 4 7.record resultsaim: to see weather the granite will effect the vegertables are mutated hypothsis: i think the granite will effect the vegtables because its radioactive. materials: - granite - vegtables -10 square m of dirt for vegtables method step one: expose vegtables to grainte to see weather the vegtables are contaminated by granite. The farmer claims that the granite dust would pollute their fruits and vegtable because the minister decides to store the granite in their farms, the minister explained that the piling of granite in the farms was part of the country's strategy to prepare for any shortage of cinstruction material. the farmer explains that the granite dust would damge the fruits and vegtable due from the granites dust~LVAL d6 R$>get the friut and vegetbles on a table and cover them with to dust and observeSome cars may be too big to fit on their side of the road. They would be charged a fee just for having a large car.If the lines were painted on all narrow roads, some people might get confused about where to go or whether they should stay in the lines or whether they should drive like they normally would.I think it is good to get painted roads because peope have their ways and i think it would make cars more organised such as people staying in their own lanes and pathways and so forth.I think it is good to get painted roads because people have their ways and i think it would make cars more organised such as people staying in their own lanes and pathways and so forth.i think it is good to get painted roads because people have their ways and i think it would make cars more organised such people staying in their own lanes and pathways and so forthi agree because it was smart and because IM BATMANYou need lines on the road because it makes you drive faster and its important to be able to drive as fast as you like incase you're late to some place.I disagree because speed increase and the closing distance to the edge of the road will inevitably cause more accidents. I believe that Peter should have put speed signs up, indicating a a decrease in speed is needed. I believe the results do not show that lane lines should be painted on all narrow roads. The results say that with lines painted the cars on the road increased in speed which is a negative change. The results also say that the traffic is closer to the edge of a road which on a narrow road is a positive change. The other thing the results show is that the cars still go the same distance apart which is, with the increased speed, negative. This means that painting the lines on the road had 2 negative effects to two positive affects.I agree because the painted lanes can idicate drivers that the road is narrow  2RY  r % > W p # : ?F_x+BG`y,$ڬ;@443963766232pretest05@.  $ڬ;@443963766222pretest05@.  $ڬ;@443963766214pretest05@.  $ڬ;@443963766203pretest05@.  $ڬ;@443963766192pretest05@.  $ڬ;@443963766182pretest05@.  $ڬ;@443963766173pretest05@.  $ڬ;@443963766163pretest05@.  $ڬ;@443963766153pretest05@.  M<+ڬ;@433912039confidence53pretest04R@2 M<+ڬ;@43391203914b~@pretest04@." M<+ڬ;@43391203914aapretest04B0" k׬;@43380204714bp@pretest04@." k׬;@43380204714abpretest04B0" \׬;@428487133233pretest05@.  \׬;@428487133222pretest05@.  \׬;@428487133213pretest05@.  \׬;@428487133203pretest05@.  \׬;@428487133193pretest05@.  \׬;@428487133183pretest05@.  \׬;@428487133172pretest05@.  \׬;@428487133162pretest05@.  \׬;@428487133153pretest05@.  Tk׬;@435007511confidence53pretest04R@2 Tk׬;@43500751114br@pretest04@." Tk׬;@43500751114abpretest04B0" S׬;@433805623confidence53pretest04R@2 S׬;@43380562314bj@pretest04@." S׬;@43380562314abpretest04B0" xlլ;@428339932233pretest05@.  xlլ;@428339932223pretest05@.  xlլ;@428339932213pretest05@.  xlլ;@428339932203pretest05@.  xlլ;@428339932193pretest05@.  xlլ;@428339932183pretest05@.  xlլ;@428339932173pretest05@.  xlլ;@428339932162pretest05@.  xlլ;@428339932153pretest05@.  'Ԭ;@433120213233pretest05@.  'Ԭ;@433120213223pretest05@.  'Ԭ;@433120213203pretest05@.  'Ԭ;@433120213193pretest05@.  'Ԭ;@433120213183pretest05@.  'Ԭ;@433120213173pretest05@.  'Ԭ;@433120213163pretest05@.  'Ԭ;@433120213153pretest05@.  >Ҭ;@433120213confidence54pretest04R@2 >Ҭ;@43312021314bd@pretest04@." >Ҭ;@43312021314abpretest04B0" '}Ҭ;@433119622confidence53pretest04R@2 LVAL rvbI agree because it is safer to have two lanes and there is no problem in the way of them. expose the vegetable to the granite dust and see if the vegetable get pollute. you will need: -vegetable -Granite dust this experiment will take time, to examine it, you would have to have samples of the vegetable from time to time.. drivers now have a better sense to stay far apart .they know what lane .the lanes are now organisedtitle aim method matirelas hypothesis results equipmenti think it is good to put lines on narrow roads so if cars opposite to eachother come through the road there will be less chance of them colliding.I disagree with having lines on this road because if their are people walking on a foot path near the road and cars are driving fast and near the edge their might be a accident involving going on to the path and may hurt or kill peopleAim: to find out if granite dust pollutes frutis and vegetables? Hypothesis: I think that granite dust will make the fruit and vegetables dirty but not polluted. Equpitment needed: -Bucket of fruit and vegetables -Bucket of granite -Table Steps 1)Empty fruit and vegetables onto table 2)Empty granite next to fruit andvegetables on table allowing dust to cover them 3)Once fruit and vegetables are covered in dust, observe granite farm sickness test aim:to find out if the granite could affect the farmers produce and make the produce unhealthy what you need: .2x test tubes .beaker .dropper method: conclusion:To test this experimenti would keep a pile of granite near some crops for a couple of days. I would also have some normal crops growing and harvest those. I would conduct a test on both crops and see the difference between them. 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A;@42992429414abpretest04B0" 5;@428487621confidence42pretest03R@2 5;@42848762113@pretest03>,  ;@429953812234pretest05@.  ;@429953812224pretest05@.  ;@429953812213pretest05@.  ;@429953812204pretest05@.  ;@429953812194pretest05@.  ;@429953812183pretest05@.  ;@429953812173pretest05@.  ;@429953812163pretest05@.  ;@429953812154pretest05@.  _!;@429953812confidence52pretest04R@2 _!;@42995381214b@pretest04@." _!;@42995381214abpretest04B0" www;@42848694314bpretest04@." www;@42848694314abpretest04B0"  %;@428486943confidence43pretest03R@2  %;@42848694313@pretest03>,  b;@433039874234pretest05@.  b;@433039874223pretest05@.  b;@433039874213pretest05@.  LVAL  J Having lines on the road stretch means that the cars are separated thus causing no car crashes.1. Take two samples of fruit and vegetables, one from a site where there is no granite rock and one from a site that has granite rock. 2. Test the quality of the fruit and vegetables. If there is no change in quality the granite hasnt affected the fruit and vegetable. And if there is a changge in quality you now know the granite is directly affected the fruit and vegetable. I agree to this decision they made because if all the narrow roads move faster they will cause less traffic for the city. ive already done this with my partner on a different accountAim : To find out if the pilling of granite would affect the farmers produce and to find out if the Minister of Land is lying. Hypothesis : The pilling of granite WILL affect the farmers produce. i already did this with my partnerIt was a good idea so lanes dont collide and and cars dont accidedentally crash into each toher. 1) title 2) aim 3) hypothisis 4)equipment 5)method 6)graph 7)results 8)conclusion The reason for why I agree is because even if it didn't exactly change the way the traffic flows, it was worth the try to just see if it would do anything. 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UUUճ=@43402716114abpretest04B0" ʳ=@434027161confidence43pretest03R@2 ʳ=@43402716113@ pretest03>,  =@434027161confidence33pretest02R@2 =@43402716112bpretest02@.   LVAL Title- Farmers argue about grantie dust Aim- To find if granite dust affects the growth of fruits and vegetables Hypothesis- Granite Dust will afect the growth of vegetables and fruits in a farm. Method- 1. Separate the farm into two areas 2. Place Granite dust in one of them 3. Do not place Granite dust in the over 4. After five to nine months check the plant growth and determine if granite dust has affected the plants. 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P!xG@Bsgsc2013hunter2&? dpG@J4Dsgsc2013ecologist8&?  pG@Dsgsc2013ecologist8&?XLpG@mCsgsc2013climatologist@&?7ipG@+DCsgsc2013climatologist@&?-؂pG@R>Csgsc2013climatologist@&?qYNY  Y IDschool_name@YYPRIMARYschool_name  dv  BoXGuestSimTechTCarlingford High School4Leichhardt High School2qYN##Y  Y IDschool_name#$@#%YYPRIMARYschool_name   " " LVALDSN=vworlds;DESCRIPTION=vworlds;SERVER=mysql.science.mq.edu.au;UID=vworlds_admin;PWD=v266w367;DATABASE=vworlds;PORT=3306gY9?_ Ar N((Y  Y ArIDschool_namedv((]'qGuestLeichhardt High School2Hornsby Girls High School8W Y,+{N++Y  Y d Y dY studentIDgroup_name classschoolID| +,\+-+.<4+/YYYY classgroup_namePRIMARYschoolID(((( * * * * LVALDSN=vworlds;DESCRIPTION=vworlds;SERVER=mysql.science.mq.edu.au;UID=vworlds_admin;PWD=v266w367;DATABASE=vworlds;PORT=3306 Y;l\N22Y  Y d Y dY studentIDgroup_name classschoolIDdv00[1;}R'wL m @  g <  c 8 a 6 _ 4 U(tGj?^guest01_1guest01* J8SCIH_168SCIH$ E8SCIH_58SCIH" F8SCIH_148SCIH$ G8SCIH_88SCIH" D8SCIL_158SCIL$ C8SCIL_138SCIL$ I8SCIH_48SCIH" A8SCIL_158SCIL$ @8SCIL_148SCIL$ ?8SCIL_148SCIL$ >8SCIL_138SCIL$ =8SCIL_128SCIL$ <8SCIL_128SCIL$ ;8SCIL_118SCIL$ :8SCIL_118SCIL$ 98SCIL_108SCIL$ 88SCIL_108SCIL$ 78SCIL_98SCIL" 68SCIL_98SCIL" 58SCIL_88SCIL" 48SCIL_88SCIL" 38SCIL_78SCIL" 28SCIL_78SCIL" 18SCIL_68SCIL" 08SCIL_68SCIL" /8SCIL_58SCIL" .8SCIL_58SCIL" -8SCIL_48SCIL" ,8SCIL_48SCIL" +8SCIL_38SCIL" *8SCIL_38SCIL" )8SCIL_28SCIL" (8SCIL_28SCIL" '8SCIL_18SCIL" &8SCIL_18SCIL" %8SCIH_168SCIH$ "8SCIH_68SCIH" !8SCIH_68SCIH"  8SCIH_98SCIH" 8SCIH_78SCIH" 8SCIH_128SCIH$ 8SCIH_78SCIH" 8SCIH_118SCIH$ 8SCIH_88SCIH" 8SCIH_158SCIH$ 8SCIH_158SCIH$ 8SCIH_118SCIH$ 8SCIH_138SCIH$ 8SCIH_38SCIH" 8SCIH_48SCIH" 8SCIH_138SCIH$ 8SCIH_148SCIH$ U8SCIH_28SCIH" 8SCIH_28SCIH" 8SCIH_38SCIH" 8SCIH_58SCIH" 8SCIH_128SCIH$ 8SCIH_98SCIH" W YourcN55Y  Y Sd Y sdY studentIDgroup_name classschoolID aeoc56on"> ae57rcio_it58> eoc"m59siYYYY classgroup_namePRIMARYschoolID8888 4 4 4 4 LVALDSN=vworlds;DESCRIPTION=vworlds;SERVER=mysql.science.mq.edu.au;UID=vworlds_admin;PWD=v266w367;DATABASE=vworlds;PORT=3306 Y~N<<Y  Y $d Y dY studentIDgroup_name classschoolIDdv8@8` ;_b9lC v M $ W .  a 8  k B  u L # X1 h?rI |S*]4 g>qH{R)aHSBY_55HSBY  `HSBY_54HSBY  _HSBY_54HSBY  ^HSBY_53HSBY  ]HSBY_53HSBY  \HSBY_52HSBY  [HSBY_52HSBY  ZHSBY_48HSBY  YHSBY_48HSBY  XHSBY_42HSBY  WHSBY_42HSBY  VHSBY_51HSBY  UHSBY_50HSBY  THSBY_50HSBY  SHSBY_49HSBY  RHSBY_49HSBY  QHSBY_47HSBY  PHSBY_47HSBY  OHSBY_46HSBY  NHSBY_46HSBY  MHSBY_45HSBY  LHSBY_45HSBY  KHSBY_44HSBY  JHSBY_44HSBY  IHSBY_43HSBY  HHSBY_43HSBY  GHSBY_41HSBY  FHSBY_41HSBY  EHSBY_40HSBY  DHSBY_40HSBY  CHSBY_39HSBY  BHSBY_39HSBY  AHSBY_38HSBY  @HSBY_38HSBY  ?HSBY_37HSBY  >HSBY_37HSBY  =HSBY_36HSBY  <HSBY_36HSBY  ;HSBY_35HSBY  :HSBY_35HSBY  9HSBY_34HSBY  8HSBY_34HSBY  7HSBY_33HSBY  6HSBY_33HSBY  5HSBY_3HSBY 4HSBY_3HSBY 3HSBY_2HSBY 2HSBY_2HSBY 1HSBY_31HSBY  0HSBY_31HSBY  /HSBY_30HSBY  .HSBY_30HSBY  -HSBY_29HSBY  ,HSBY_29HSBY  +HSBY_28HSBY  *HSBY_28HSBY  )HSBY_27HSBY  (HSBY_27HSBY  'HSBY_26HSBY  &HSBY_26HSBY  %HSBY_25HSBY  $HSBY_25HSBY  #HSBY_24HSBY  "HSBY_24HSBY  !HSBY_23HSBY   HSBY_23HSBY  HSBY_22HSBY  HSBY_22HSBY  HSBY_21HSBY  HSBY_21HSBY  HSBY_20HSBY  HSBY_20HSBY  HSBY_19HSBY  HSBY_19HSBY  HSBY_18HSBY  HSBY_18HSBY  HSBY_17HSBY  HSBY_17HSBY  HSBY_16HSBY  HSBY_16HSBY  HSBY_15HSBY  HSBY_15HSBY  HSBY_14HSBY  HSBY_14HSBY   HSBY_13HSBY   HSBY_13HSBY   HSBY_12HSBY   HSBY_12HSBY   HSBY_11HSBY  HSBY_11HSBY  HSBY_10HSBY  HSBY_7HSBY HSBY_4HSBY HSBY_32HSBY  HSBY_1HSBY  ;\3 f= r K $ a :  o < guest01_2guest01* guest01_1guest01* HSBY_63HSBY  ~HSBY_51HSBY  }HSBY_32HSBY  |HSBY_10HSBY  {HSBY_9HSBY zHSBY_9HSBY yHSBY_8HSBY xHSBY_8HSBY vHSBY_6HSBY uHSBY_7HSBY tHSBY_5HSBY sHSBY_6HSBY rHSBY_4HSBY qHSBY_5HSBY pHSBY_62HSBY  oHSBY_62HSBY  nHSBY_61HSBY  mHSBY_61HSBY  lHSBY_60HSBY  kHSBY_60HSBY  jHSBY_59HSBY  iHSBY_59HSBY  hHSBY_58HSBY  gHSBY_58HSBY  fHSBY_57HSBY  eHSBY_57HSBY  dHSBY_56HSBY  cHSBY_56HSBY  bHSBY_55HSBY   YN@@Y Y  Y teacherIDschoolIDclassIDo_mcs@Ahoe :@B"> a@CYYY classPRIMARY school@@@ ? ? ? LVALDSN=vworlds;DESCRIPTION=vworlds;SERVER=mysql.science.mq.edu.au;UID=vworlds_admin;PWD=v266w367;DATABASE=vworlds;PORT=33066YNFFY Y  Y teacherIDschoolIDclassIDdv@@E[S01 #8SCIH $8SCIL  YNIIY Y  Y teacherIDschoolIDclassIDo_mcsIJhoe :IK"> aILYYY classPRIMARY schoolHHH H H H LVALDSN=vworlds;DESCRIPTION=vworlds;SERVER=mysql.science.mq.edu.au;UID=vworlds_admin;PWD=v266w367;DATABASE=vworlds;PORT=33066Y Tp NOOY Y  Y teacherIDschoolIDclassIDdvq YNQQY  Y d Y d Y d Y  Y  Y Y IDusernamefirstnamesurname emailpasswordsaltaccountQRQSQT QU QV QW QXYYYYYYYaccountfirstnamepasswordPRIMARYsaltsurnameusernameQQQQ XXXXXXXXXXX P P P P P P P LVALDSN=vworlds;DESCRIPTION=vworlds;SERVER=mysql.science.mq.edu.au;UID=vworlds_admin;PWD=v266w367;DATABASE=vworlds;PORT=3306gYC  N[[Y  Y d Y d Y d Y  Y 0C Y Y IDusernamefirstnamesurname emailpasswordsaltaccount[[[[Hv1bXX X@XRXX@LVAL 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)@# c g 2 n M 0pB(lWN5{3433804783AriKwasner-Catsi@a@bTH<<" 2434789494 AlexKim@a@bD8,,& 1434206685 AlisiHuang@a@bJ>22( 0434788927JessicaHua@a@bH<00* /433035470MadeleineHampson@a@bTH<<. .433034848IsabellaGenzo@a@bNB66, -434205557AndrewFu@a@bD8,,( ,431681129EricChen@a@bD8,,$ +434788218DanielCavanagh@a@bPD88( *434203066WilliamCao@_@`H<00* )433118391KieranBrown@ _@ `J>22( (435265618AdamBroughton@ _@ `NB66$ '434787840JamesBaldwin@ _@ `L@44& &434027161TimothyAdams@ _@ `L@44* %87654321PollyTest@ _@ `D8,,$ $rprasadRoseetaPrasad eie21twhnabWK22& #vgeorgeloVoulaGeorgelo kgdzcvjjbkc[O66& "433802047AaronVoigtlander@_@`TH<<& !443963766KieraVickery@_@`L@44&  433120213JamesThwaite@_@`L@44& 431958660StefanStarcevic@_@`RF::( 428339932DylanSimonsen-Le@_@`TH<<& 433040198IndiraSamra@_@`J>22( 436822031ConnorRobles@_@`L@44( 433039874AngusPrott@_@`H<00& 433805623ChrisPikos@_@`H<00& 433119622Louis ThomasMcElvogue@\@]^RFF4 433912039OwenKelly@ \@ ]F:..$ 434508436Tukini GeorgeJeannot@ \@ ]\PDD6  plaiPollyLaikuan.lai@sydney.edu.au@ \@ ]fZN" 434027187SachiAmai@ \@ ]F:..& U435007511VincentAdi Lingga@ \@ ]VJ>>* 442685070KiaraArmstrong-Salas@\@]\PDD& mtaylorMeredithTaylormeredith.taylor@mq.edu.au@\@]~rf4( 432604390VictoriaAzzopardi@\@]VJ>>, 428487133AnthonyBui@\@]H<00* 438944991StephannyCardoso@\@]TH<<. 432295419FahimIslam@\@]H<00& 429924294MatildaFriend@\@]NB66* 433193032WilliamFisher@\@]NB66* 434347483OisinFilitonga@\@]PD88& LVAL 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\Z<` I 2 l   g  ZC^guest_userGuestUser@f@gH<00( ]ctaylorCharlotteTaylorcharlotte.taylor@sydney.edu.auvtmlq0gc8ond0a4ir6* \mjacobsonMichaelJacobsonmichael.jacobson@sydney.edu.au@f@gv:* [sgsc2013SGSC2013User@f@gJ>22* J12345678MeredithAaronson@f@gRF::* I429953812RajivAutar@d@eH<00& G428487621My LinhTa@ d@ eF:..* F428228529HarryFreeman@ d@ eL@44& E428486943FinnBerzin@ d@ eH<00$ D429832306AlexZhang@ d@ eF:..$ C434146721RichardSoo@ d@ eH<00* BdrichardsDeborahRichardsdeborah.richards@mq.edu.au@d@ezn:* A435293352SwaethaVasudevan@d@eTH<<* @432836134OscarTighe@d@eH<00& ?429686113DylanTchan@d@eH<00& >433040422EvaSikes-Gerogiannis@d@e\PDD" =433805755JamesRawlings@d@eNB66& <434792606LucyPonzio@d@eH<00$ ;435269079JamesO'Connor@d@eNB66& :432088936TinaNguyen@d@eH<00$ 9438550291ChristineNguyen@a@bRF::. 8428349661KarinMizuno@ a@ bJ>22& 7433912543AleksandraMilutinovic@ a@ b^RFF0 6434029406Saxon HamiltonMillar@ a@ b\PDD8 5432765024AlexanderLIn@ a@ bL@44. 4434029139Thomas DavidLawes@ a@ bVJ>>4 LVAL 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 LVAL 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 LVAL 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 YNiiY  Y d Y d Y d Y  Y  Y Y IDusernamefirstnamesurname emailpasswordsaltaccountijikil im in io ipYYYYYYYaccountfirstnamepasswordPRIMARYsaltsurnameusernameiiii ppppppppppp h h h h h h h LVALDSN=vworlds;DESCRIPTION=vworlds;SERVER=mysql.science.mq.edu.au;UID=vworlds_admin;PWD=v266w367;DATABASE=vworlds;PORT=3306gY  NssY  Y d Y d Y d Y  Y 0C Y Y IDusernamefirstnamesurname emailpasswordsaltaccountssssHv1bpp RppRpp@LVAL 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 986b1f823ea20cbb0e5959be686859c92d3e69835904286df551471ecf9a6b90c2ed8cf9ac1ba02e3bd0bbd52546f951074c96807c360c3edd7c2555d20cea6af5591cca2b24e35242210075255c6adad3e48da17d060c0cf53473c1506b626eab96f53fa5077d1672c1ab66980cc87528c1c8bf18dbb51725bbbc95d685a8ddd8a21744786bdd5a2e81a8d33ef6091b14607317ffb67a5c2d5b364e5b5ba7ec0c8b8905f5dd06acf2ee0c7b24da54b884151e0f86a267a365e5bb89e2ecb6b5ea373187dfad6cf3f6c1968aff45971684934302d5749608eb77ee9d9e27d46798e2d8ff92bf58490d81d0a8a2596e71ee6b5fa4d96710842592594bc59c87959db20928d63097a2c878e9dae6c95262f2f069cf84b4935cf6115e8189adc265ab40451e642ad6e2b3ca5d271396456c69e1fb174d4e3cc005adfe753004ca3c4dd080b643876914e0ba11646a91720e41f1f96b8726203b1b4d28288749a62ba3e181f22db80c0cc1987d7aba53bd0cb139c9534109b1f737e665bd1a4b666da027b9784ace245c99cbec7736e2eeb344f55a0eb75ba049ec3e45f631f0df4ee81999d00c1143098e5b1458bcef50a0a68c1190ebe78aae0f8aa50e7817cd1a4cca923a307a767a290d47502061bc5e8e4616e5667fae2939ed0a19e8a1bbb98e023a258bcc23a90af4bbfb9d9a24af0dc921ea8a663bee39df6170f13c8ab5d9df217c71f1ea33404814e92f83e579e4242bf4349563eff93019f82ac9de366ed0573ba15b1b3301a8477089791702f0f890e641fbadb810a6428b81052a25dc7f132794d8549fc8eed409a4cb8248568beb870546f6dc93a70fdfd14dcc31469ccc904a6d2249248bc545b03ec11d449eecfe38b80e69c249fe1de81455e48c71618b7bd0bea80ba039f2f925ec30fb4900517bba4145b34adb21f181470b88e71117cb2bf686b8abe86604452c0d14a9b57a34cb95ebe4a966e8b302a6588647d5ad549e69d60e92bdc5da511c5670f56e0ef1b9debca948364f7739afe7e5bdc4cd3d1607ff6f237ecfca31aca9275046a38b800425b5efc387fc480b10728243a67a8d45bc6407c6928a5a803a24c5663c8dd632d54a0725232b12939e14cd7a1fd69844828c7571d3c6a344f7bb91c92108bbdce2b6c93ede5364ec76910e6884e619ead1d0d8fc5e2bdf6e77afb2632e64bd7216b079d583af8c057ef45280328ff7e958c832d2b6a804d3e1c2032e369b71427f5a89d41f8ad7a43b6f5f18b601c4c1162e329cf6b899009fd7ba95f32b3122a63549428cb7af48b4b1421d258cb8c655f7e9fc8c912723b1151e2365eaed23bd8fe987eca13195f4 r,qH = : - {  Z  YVSF?@C0,00000051FloraPARK@ y@ zD8,,$ +00000050JanetteNG@ y@ zD8,,( *00000049XeniaLOPES@ y@ zF:..$ )00000048MichelleLOKUGAMAGE@ y@ zVJ>>* (00000047MarinaLIU@ y@ zD8,,& '00000046GloriaLI@y@zB6**& &00000045SaraKOMATSU@y@zH<00" %00000044ErinKIM@y@z@4((" $00000043ElizabethKIM@y@zJ>22, #00000042SujinJANG@y@zD8,,$ "00000041TaraHE@y@z>2&&" !00000040GraceHANG@y@zD8,,$  00000039MaggieGUO@y@zD8,,& 00000038BrittanyGIBBS@y@zL@44* 00000037AlisaDE BORJA@w@xL@44$ 00000036NatalieCHUA@ w@ xH<00( 00000035LilianCHIU@ w@ xF:..& 00000034YeeCHIN@ w@ x@4((  00000033LeeannCHEN@ w@ xF:..& 00000032ChristieCHAN@ w@ xJ>22* 00000031EeshaaBATRA@w@xH<00& 00000030ClareZHANG@w@xF:..$ 00000029ShilanYE@w@xB6**& 00000028AmyXU@w@x<0$$  00000027RosyWANASINGHE@w@xNB66" 00000026BeaTESARA@w@xD8,,  00000025ElsaSEYSAN@w@xF:.." 00000024SunainaSALAGAME@w@xPD88( 00000023NiroshaPILLALAMARRI@w@xXL@@( 00000022AmadisONG@t@uD8,,& 00000021GeorginaOATES@ t@ uL@44*  00000020JoyonteeMITRA@ t@ uL@44*  00000019SharonLIU@ t@ uD8,,&  00000018WhitneyLIANG@ t@ uJ>22(  00000017MichelleLEI@ t@ uH<00*  00000016VickyKUO@t@uB6**$ 00000015OliviaKONG@t@uF:..& 00000014ChristinaKIM@t@uJ>22, 00000008IshaDESHMUKH@t@uJ>22" 00000001EstherAHN@t@uD8,,& 12345678PollyLai@t@uB6**$ 98765432MeredithTaylor@t@uNB66* plaiPollyLaikuan.lai@sydney.edu.au@t@ufZN" mtaylorMeredithTaylormeredith.taylor@mq.edu.au@t@u~rf4( LVAL a7f004e501de609512bc152f3ee6787ff3bbb05f122b7f087e47b53f6c5cf115cd8fdddb84e730fcef52e2616aa5345ad4e66bca24a50deb56c6717041b4e2bcb1a228e4fcee180bfb111c5a858ac364862b47e1065196c2faa42be8088ad0d5c2aca6958b0da56c0f61a57795f7c7ae2102e534be69c796d642da13a52dac9cfda002b6a22583c2302ad69cb637c3007a004d32513cae0c5b7af97135dc5310c1173872868a772fdf020cc479329a9107e6a05619dc473e9c8b956d921045fe3bf2f5f9b52e4fb577d61b24858aa063dc6c65e227f857aceefd300aff30e6474c9ad67fc85a54e3f000272b02beb2adb471d4eb7058336c356717b28353de94805d2789783a3da2c202457bc2fa19077bd8b94ecbe92ebb500a366347db730b3cd69d837d931a70ff5ca356cbc1a06f9cc714413231988792f364493d35443c751f4414c91210ef415031c5563b305258e5f626b7460898f43a9c6b0ed42eb80ecdbe48631b24dbc8988bdc41c2b630b254261a42b9c74af8fa38f06c8bbf54c9ddafe36d8f9dbb34ce96bc78f54ca1dad53ca92755966935fa978c0777e289c1402b05ae0e48b3b99b41f8550209a3857939d2479f0c33f1a1ebcb3e5e4388c3212d0c06a803bfd487897ee074dd7b05c755249db8bf1029458cf76a3c06b1c31027d6af3b13d299360c6160762187e81807646b7901d148e2622f6f6f5c4cec78c2b06a0d5599a5786f4fca37407468d439df1c44a85780fb8504483394ddfee7aca0f8ad72a33e712c4960eb988c63ba9a3ee2774513abe6e497aaed3a3bb7b21cd8838b678d99a5232144e7551b96b1be12ea83bc3016cf196ebc7ee2a2f33a25b020e66c456d9a0ca386f6839b5c7b96ed1f0c4ee54befd42e7b7bbada36300ecc42ee95f9e19ae53e07576031b3803c57f66e35496401d68d843ebaa386e494241d60af52ed7a57a0afb95d43707def934a11fd811f35bf61637459fa0fa1c20340222a4eb25fc77acb0c9ff6cc2c93274c948f74fe3b73290b8e02d7eef18b4f96a76702eb1b3417f58f57612f99e7ddc456c52fcde7d2c92d3d415566a4194a1c207c53cbeabd41c01701131760992a9bfd3501fc04e7889a00ca42a01f48cb035433dfbaf9f0c1ddd536dc47345d818bacc6bdc9ce25442f756e971676408056442d5353a651ff90aa60e21d8d534452e0075b7a52a14874a907c71caebe32029814111ad09a9dc1ed23201beafb6a3e054ea198fd2b73ccaf38fbaf3c85ddb770086fb491f90404bbe000d67e45f125655f4c652c4d67f413b555459a48a065e34c608d10749fda6b2d0288373d7a87e7d37bc7cceb4e7d193901LVAL 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,L3 6 7 ( x  o  b _d[@1"TX00000096QiyanGUO@ @ B6**$ W00000095AvantiGOMES@ @ H<00& V00000094SylviaEUGENE DIT ROCHESSON@ @ fZNN& U00000092AtheneCHAN@ @ F:..& T00000091Karyn LinjieCAO@@PD882 S00000090AnnieZHANG@@F:..$ R00000089VivienneXU@@F:..* Q00000088JenniferXU@@F:..* P00000087MavisWONG@@D8,,$ O00000086SmritiSRIVASTAVA@@RF::& N00000085AshleighSEETO@@L@44* M00000084ChietthaPRAJNADEWIE@@XL@@* L00000083AlodiaONG@@D8,,& K00000082JaniceMA@~@B6**& J00000081VictoriaLIU@ ~@ H<00* I00000080ChristinaLIAO@ ~@ L@44, H00000079JiayiLI@ ~@ @4(($ G00000078AnnieLI@ ~@ @4(($ F00000077NicoleLEONG@ ~@ H<00& E00000076TeresaLEE@~@D8,,& D00000075Jee SooLEE@~@F:..( C00000074LaurynKHOO@~@F:..& B00000073MareeJOHNSON@~@J>22$ A00000072VivianJIANG@~@H<00& @00000071GillienneJI@~@H<00, ?00000070RuthHONG@~@B6**" >00000069SummerGUO@~@D8,,& =00000068SaraGHELIJKHANI@~@PD88" <00000067MelindaFAN@|@}F:..( ;00000066KatherineDU@ |@ }H<00, :00000065DilmiDISSANAYAKE@ |@ }RF::$ 900000064JessicaCHAN@ |@ }H<00( 800000063EdnaBOEY@ |@ }B6**" 700000062LisaBAE@ |@ }@4((" 600000061SakinaABBAS@|@}H<00& 500000060JuliaZHOU@|@}D8,,$ 400000059JoyYANG@|@}@4((  300000058BettyWU@|@}@4(($ 200000057VictoriaWANG@|@}J>22* 100000056JessicaWANG@|@}H<00( 000000055Christina HannahSUNG@|@}ZNBB: /00000054JoanneSUN@|@}D8,,& .00000053NiharikaSANGHI@|@}NB66* -00000052JennyQIAN@y@zD8,,$ LVAL 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*JG F ; 2 r W  PMB;(ra\23456789Guest01User@@H<00( mjacobsonMichaelJacobsonmichael.jacobson@sydney.edu.au m1qdwbzm35hv:* guest_userGuestUser@@H<00( jporteJohnPorte@@@4(( ~00000093KassandraDI BONA@@RF::, }87654321PaulStokesPaulL@.." |00000013RitaKALUZNY@@H<00" {00000012PaulaJACOBSON@@L@44$ z00000011FarihaISLAM@@H<00& y00000010ElizabethGOSBELL@@RF::, x00000009JudithFUNG@@F:..& w87654321PaulStokes@ @ F:.." v00000006CherryCHU@ @ D8,,& u00000007DorothyCHUNG@ @ J>22( t00000004AshlyCHEN@ @ D8,,$ s00000005ZahinCHOWDHURY@ @ NB66$ r00000002CherylCHAN@@F:..& q00000003HeidiCHAN@@D8,,$ p00000120LouiseZHANG@@H<00& o00000119NaomiYOUM@@D8,,$ n00000118ThorniaYEUNG@@J>22( m00000117PhoebeYANG@@F:..& l00000116JessicaXU@@D8,,( k00000115BettyWANG@@D8,,$ j00000114VanshikaVIRMANI@@PD88* i00000113OliviaUTHARNTHARM@@TH<<& h00000112ChristinaSUN@ @ J>22, g00000111AnnaSTEWART-YATES@ @ TH<<" f00000110BiancaNG@ @ B6**& e00000109NoelNAKOJI@ @ F:.." d00000108ClaireMETCALFE@ @ NB66& c00000107AlvinaLOCK@@F:..& b00000106StephanieLIANG@@NB66, a00000105ShannonLI@@D8,,( `00000104MichelleLEE@@H<00* _00000103GraceLEE@@B6**$ ^00000102JenneyKIM@@D8,,& ]00000101Ga YoungKIM@@H<00* \00000100BethJONES@@D8,," [00000099KarenJIAN@@D8,,$ Z00000098VivienHUANG@@H<00& Y00000097AmeliaHISCOCK@ @ L@44& LVAL 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 8fb23471cc69bc941da3ec0f37484cc38cf34bde14a7f191a0a669b2a42daf1ceeb8d95fd50e44eb9c39a18d3403a94b851d0fb6c8c4771a2f6a10e56971d1bc0f8d832ce03158b648d604f0ee274be41f4d8e47f98c1708382d9235c841704c587305660079d55a9da18f02f605abf2934ab4789a48904912b90f23a3f93bbbf7182a7f686c6f49e353d234a34bf625ac924bce3080993ed344b3400d2a44b4b363878018cc6d4b1525ca0f189fb7fe299e4496b842be3aba080d23a11e4bee629e0cadad0b7b6ee2d52e33ccc28f46256edef92110a2c72743cdd511291d6df8eb4a723a78da496e61aa18af2e59ef010e7d1ae332c8889a0ecbd03149f420671e868064c3ae7b209f2cc3933e7e194712c2b51dddff0ac9afa99deef47f9b31a9349d4970a5666f412e54ad8812b9eabcd24547e7bb4b5dc15ff1c510f26580c69dbc53af2599f0014d68aa7777ccba77b5549958eb16da97ab207dfa37833dd08a6cb63b803c2412e2a682d27d9705cb29eda040b3599b97c766205239554b4da6fcd61bf082cd0d0f0e7fb7ebec0b3279ee25f4b81103b8ecf8dbbfa6f71a7c4be9e7e67f3c19cbb1b21aa26e6c9c8f492fb0332a0bf9cd286537462540b7cc8a43d3c227491939717b3393f1ca9f79f574fb94d426aad600e527118f88043a153ede90c983ac05b9d0960749ff68bc8d0bca037f9836162cc929da167a84dc6ff16f1950d69a9a2c212b4832ccec6457008e57da057f01810b3b6382948ddc6a727d36fdbdb6df18169cc833fe2b200caff5d6ff1aacd0d5c87507c737af26f57a27f49de35d6cb6eee1c5151b0718d20a6c5a11188782ad3026fb5853ab5bd3175db2ef3369298390238d23b5316813fbda517a8f55f5a7a5e66fe709f63805b351845068f8eb63a2807ad665f8528acb2f2a8056683f906c9047887d70a410c211ce8b7f5b5c9b4aadb1e8c0da980a98c58aa21e1e9057d998771bdfd1c38625e4117e19c9f618565cf885fcf94fb9460165bc6569e9f99e32ac16d33d5207d2a3cdcde8bcd51245f9403a01242148cc3985ce3f689fc1dd016f3567536a4bea29224a5f21ea0044165bd362d998dfe4acffa1889f29bdf53ea51d82d93465e604a68b5e8e3d06e49663639fbb7cac9a9674ce76a8d021072e002da4fce354be252902d155b6a3ac95aed408c4c0e4f84ec70a1dfac0723ede03d6d103c7a58ee747a070ab16d23e0e43550f131340f948db2509e546ea607c60972948805484787c4f459a396d6be74af384fc7d1967a1386803c052200e26ca70fc995df76f331fb1405a52ef68a73cbe001e3296b7a7c8aea40cb63227f6d45c0aLVAL fc60bcbea6d1af664aef2da31bbece5d7e9a18b3ed4d0046efff3b77f39142c47c3fd9116b5b1ffa8f26af699f637bab2538526c37729a94778a89065f90864fbff1687e9e73d1e1b747d6ea9690284c4f1038a6b408e3387f1bf03814a2f0170148b947d31bd81bc81c41cbe262e9444461ab74e720ce30e07be9978ef4ef9b96efe1d21341252f38c514e0207fd2a23864b39310ef48353e2bcc0612baaa7812dc3176ac8ae9385df92d5311206a0d641f19fded9c61b822c5641e5cbd3d68e4e9d549a5dd837f53d594634aec23283659f8985006509782f8a413cea25e5cbdb44403feade48f1a69c43bbb9b08dd489e936240e0df3ef32c66b10aff434607a000d213341810c8425c2f9746eb26f48586e76052e044ed71cc4b29f8dc54de6805966e7eea03bfe35263fc7b000bc444ea000e8c49cb5eb3190fe12ae95756c7ca28669467baf5a81ebb40f48dd3d16348602f6d4ff8d41c2d4231b74b3cbbcaa1c57c1b33fdb8922a5628650e2014359dda35e3e3e99aa0b3542ae22ce2112811de8771c3956c0175988c4c825afd96e714c0ba2c14dd571552268421395d1be105b13ba503ab906c6f8c71ee2c7eb811cff1edd8e0be3e3666336972deaeeeee32aa671aca60d92fa58eee4809348f553c502092ce5d0e467500b65790687488325630a40ef5c0252c1ce33305c1d3d61e0cd404646c8028bb6584444dd771d521013012b04fe51e4de9623b1ca3b1441a85a1d0ceeec3c61e34b95eee98ef4da3fc27f43df3bf86b0e95d93b011603e117a72f8fbd05e778d3a0e589d4f84d8fbbb3ee7cba7e5d6102d108f6ebba39ff78b6e102473fe00ba964499bdb6f825a2e68b77ba8f294dac979d45def7f498bb7e704b6c07e28ceb4ee20e830c836c3baa87f1edc27b350f4b51106d3ea0b14d653ce74f157b5f0fbe890f3201d7c8189f157014bb594f04ce46aae732fe142919d0b8b5b390259658c6fdb29464b443752806bfd318d383b04c3dc3e3dc657896298732d7a781c0880190da56c1d1a45a2bf87adc0770cfbabddae6f0c7d5e1d57e23b79c32bad74968ad035785c3923cc6ddfd6cdb737f0c3af747a0bb9e770966fa62c4e3ec2966eb695b4e4d154f5ac475d106935594b53f3374a04a29e88c1c6d1b3779f3566f7319f58c31d575e4596191ac91d2d5ddc72b12d4ffb4660ce8d72aa74e8d2fa7e863bf05be9b7dec94711bdcc6d43b6ed980d5b506d4f5ab9b71684a7344db9dad74e3efcaf39a4efdd868c8883a5cbbe50cc19ae985376ddb925d476cd5103c87e4424b1e5fc13309ed6d2e090a4cd337157be4080e346806573df86884c9396a59e7LVAL a1f2a4f5052f8068b955c000db2c2dbb8bec6f10b94b004c33e2f7270bc3bf6d98734ec7cf3c57374186da1d075fd19ec177f9db6fff44303b8485a93f4dbd0ff5c24eaa349b351b25d81eeb96ceffae092f1c2e09068fbf4972a0e42be1a81eb86da3a61b97f1b0b8b591d2251f4fce751f57cbcc708c7b48a3ac3907a657c2fe8c6fc948e4d623810a61e07942311e51eafdd9b780fa1720d5fbb52ec7c3055584357051a21db656e1414d2d4c3cf2eb8dbbee5e126e8d5744cf7df460361771fe42b510432887d1cfa991320c5be66864c12ed72bc7b41094a50579c499e1acd010093a1763e6a0d92b6ed8676ce65d8b736cc4b1e9bcbbd0a4410f91c1e9aeeba7e8257e9b5df3b08c9fddde281ad17c7d34cd9d20ba49fa90b061b379ee4eb01c47e54ac7bce4716dfe023907077aaa30ef03f9006e15dcb3dbdf7dbc31d56cd5f7d8ff9445f9bde4d7d77e367f0c9d12e848b72fa9e1791b7993ebd69788e2d1392ed7a408018f0a22075e9b9a506e945e018f9ef6eff76d026d25e626bddc099dd54150f36849d014b34bd35acd4db61bad1945172e95afd6d615de071278142a504a5e70c769933c5c65d3507a281f5ad275fbc380b880613b5254ac413a0aab123d6b824d666cfa9ce9f8dff249c37b32859b9bc83cf336b2e221ccec8475b99537ae03bd3376e6d2f339b416e80b2b66e25b3ccc0c0fbe27a708e0LVAL 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 =YN Y $d Y d Y Y questionID group answerdate_saved:C:YYY answerdate_savedPRIMARY        LVALDSN=vworlds;DESCRIPTION=vworlds;SERVER=mysql.science.mq.edu.au;UID=vworlds_admin;PWD=v266w367;DATABASE=vworlds;PORT=3306YN Y d Y d Y Y questionID group answerdate_savedv1wnݽ D"BhLVALB * z  n 6 8fh- the land is pretty barren -There are only two species of animals -There is an island wide drought -- found a book on the animals and tribes. -found rainfall data. -found Charlie's Research Notes -found some native animals We will put a plant in a jar full of water and see if it grows if it does then the theory above is right.if they put water tanks on the farm they will gain more water and me able to use it more efficiently.Aim: To see if plants grow faster in a rainy year rather than a dry year Equipment: Pot, soil, seeds, watering can, water. Method: 1. Put the soil into a pot. 2. Place a seed in the middle of the pots. 3. Label one of the seeds 'Dry Season' and the other 'Wet Season' 4. Water the 'Wet Season' seed everyday and the 'Dry Season' one twice a week. 5. Continue this process for how long you desire or until they are a reasonable size. 6. Measure the height of each plant. Put a plant in the same space area and cover it with a protector and see if it loses leaves and if it does then it would be a bug or a virus and not deer that is eating the leaves. Put a plant in the same space area and cover it with a protector and see if it loses leaves and if it does then it would be a bug or a virus and not deer that is eating the leaves. I think that it will not be deer eating a virus but a bug or a virus that is slowly killing the trees. We put a fence around the bush or a cover that protects it from the supposed 'deer'. We measure the amount of leaves loss on the bush.i the water tanks absorb water vapors from the air and moist areas of soil on the groundi predict that water tanks will enable the farmers to use the water more efficiently and save moneythe dependant variable would be the amount of soil surrounding the water tankswe would measure how much water we collect, how much the plants grow, how much water we useFinding out if it was the rain that affected the growth of the plants or it was something else.+5r+V : e  n ' P  y 2 Y;Mx/Z;Mx1;@task2_day3_18SCIH_7~@ <0" Œ;@task2_day3_48SCIH_2J@ <0" Œ;@task2_day3_38SCIH_2@ <0" Œ;@task2_day3_28SCIH_2@ <0" Œ;@task2_day3_18SCIH_2@<0" 鈽<@task1_day3_28SCIH_6@<0" 鈽<@task1_day3_18SCIH_6H@<0" E#;@task1_day3_28SCIH_2@<0" E#;@task1_day3_18SCIH_2animal hunting trophiesU0" ;@task1_day3_28SCIH_9so it was very hard to seeX0" ;@task1_day3_18SCIH_9 the fossil was a green collar \0" 0;@task1_day3_28SCIH_7 Paintings J0" 0;@task1_day3_18SCIH_7x@<0" ;@task1_day1_18SCIH_4f@<0" L]n?;@task3_day3_18SCIH_9@<0" d;@task1_day1_18SCIH_12@>2" \;@task1_day1_18SCIH_7@@<0" q;@task1_day1_18SCIH_6 @<0" ;@task1_day1_18SCIH_8@<0" ?а;@task1_day1_18SCIH_9@<0" F;@task1_day1_18SCIH_11tooru: yernt:78-80S2" 'Tk;@task1_day1_18SCIL_14@>2" Tk;@task1_day1_18SCIL_30@<0" 3>;@task1_day1_18SCIL_13Z@>2" fqg;@task1_day1_18SCIL_5@<0" O';@task1_day1_18SCIL_6@<0" b;@task1_day1_18SCIL_11@>2" +;@task1_day1_18SCIL_8@<0" r;@task1_day1_18SCIL_10@>2" >;@task1_day1_1unknown@<0"  \;@task1_day1_18SCIL_2*@<0" l;@task1_day1_18SCIL_1@<0" =;@task1_day1_18SCIL_15v@>2" V;@task1_day1_18SCIL_98@<0" q';@task1_day1_18SCIL_4@<0" ؂-;@task1_day1_18SCIL_12@>2" ;@task1_day1_18SCIL_7@ <0" se<@task2_day3_28SCIH_14>2" se<@task2_day3_38SCIH_14there where flying animalsZ2" se<@task2_day3_48SCIH_14>2" u|<@task1_day4_18SCIH_2@ <0" HЯ<@task1_day4_1unknown@ <0" XL<@task1_day4_18SCIH_8@ <0" ^M<+<@task2_day4_1unknownj@ <0" ^M<+<@task2_day4_2unknownj@<0" ^M<+<@task2_day4_3unknown@<0" ^M<+<@task2_day4_4unknown@<0" ^M<+<@task2_day4_5unknownb@<0" HЯ<@task1_day4_2unknown@<0" HЯ<@task1_day4_3unknown@<0" HЯ<@task1_day4_4unknown@<0" HЯ<@task1_day4_5unknown@<0" Wl<@task1_day4_18SCIH_9@<0" LVAL N $we saw some deer and a bunch of hills and mountains and a villiageOmosa is a very barren land. there are two species of animals.The hills are very steep.-Lots of animals -Able to change gravity -Lots of jewellery -Animal skins -Meat -Native people -Research lab -Handcrafted weapons -Savanna habitat -People are really carefree and are dancing around the fire Yernt are dying out - grass is too dry according to Lynia, a hunter we met at the Village. We found a book in City Hall that is now a part of our collected items in our backpack. Omosa is very hilly and full of mountains. Some animals are scavengers that eat the deer.the reaserchers are studying the population of osmosa are studying the population.The animals of osmaosa are basically tigers, antelopes and birds The reasearches are studying the population of Omosa and the animals. The lcalsin the village are studying the decrease of the local population. There are two villages on the island and two research stations. The animals of Omosa travel in large packs and the land is very arid. There are only a few animal species. And the locals practice fire dances and archery.The hills are sand, there are a lot of tree , appearance of dessert. There are many people who dance around the fire . There are animal skins, meat, lots of jewllary. They are a big tribe although very ccivilised with many offfices. manu ceremonies. The weather station has many satlites and looks like a plane. The planet Omosa is a dry and barren planet with decreasing amounts of wildlife because of the recent drought. Because of this drought, the yernt are dying out because of the decreasing amount of grass and the tooru are dying out because of the yernt dying and now the natives are feeling the effects because of the yernt and tooru both lessening in number so basically the ecosystem is falling into catastrophe.bows and arrows used eat fish, meant ,nuts berries and taro practice fire stick farmingLVALF P lpAt the top there is a archery area and a animal trophy area The island is quite deserted with the exception of a few scientists and natives. The animals are constantly being hunted down.the planet omosa looks like its dying out, it also looks like burnt out a lot of the land.grass, rocks, fire, people, village, crop field, deers giant red thing, basket, hut, burnt trees, hall, animal heads old man. mountains, IEIA place.Soil cores show increase in pollen belonging to fire loving plants food source is yernt Yernt dying out, grass getting dry, trees dying Weather station looks like lobsterYernt are dying out - grass is too dry according to Lynia, a hunter we met at the Village. We found a book in City Hall that is now a part of our collected items in our backpack. Omosa is very hilly and full of mountains. Some animals are scavengers that eat the deer.It is really laggy, making it hard to explore and observe. Therefore, we could not observe much. We merely get to see the hunting ground. The hunting grounds has a large group deers and cheetah. We also visited the research centre and met a guy. That guy was from Sydney and he is an ecologist and biologist. We also travelled to the village. In face we observed a group of people surrounding a camp fire. Despite that fact, we were unable to talk to them since the macbook was laggy and failed to response. We look forward to observe more another day when it is not that laggy.The local people hunt the 'Yernt', a giant gazelle-like animal. The Yernt are dying out and a lot of the local people don't know why, but some people may have answers. Charlie, a person from the research team has suggested that the dry grass which is available to the Yernt is not nutritious enough to support them. An elder told me that the newer generations have been disrespectful to the Yernt and took them away from the sacred reserves on which they are found naturally.LVAL T^R.@jWe would think that there was previous life on omosa The fossil made these fires (indies idea) We think that the fires were caused by scientists for research The mammal has eaten a plant recentlyThe mammal has died a few hundred years ago and has consumed a plant into his bodythere was a bushfire recently or someone purposely burnt that patchthe grasses have been burnt and the leaves on the trees have been burnt as wellThe animal heads of yearn and tooru show the cultural significance of the animals to the villagersanimal heads, a table and some booksSomeone hunted animal heads and put their heads onto the side of their houses which seems like an accomplishment to him/herOn day one we discovered many things. The first thing we saw was our location which was a sandy place with palm trees and bushes. We then saw some deer and cheetah looking kind of animals. We went to the research lab and then kept going on to a village with rooms with animal heads sticking from the walls. many people use bows and arrows to hunt and kill food. the mostly hunt deer and bison there were 2 villiages in the map and we found Charlies notebook, the rainfall on omosa, the tree ring sample data, field notes on the animals. It also has a research facility and many other things The people eat animals. The animals are dying. Different people (scientists and local people) have different opinions on why this is.The Village -Village speak English -Mastered the ways of fire, it does not harm -Water molecules are tightly packed and allow you to walk on them -Write in English Weather Station -Humans using simple meteorological technology to study the weather Research Centre -Research on Yernt and Omosa is conducted here Hunting Grounds -Yernt eat and live here -Yernt Hunted by the Omosans for food -Yernt greatly resemble deer and are hunted by a tiger-like creature 6r }4 _  C j ! L  w 0 Y=dFUGn%};@task1_day2_18SCIL_15@>2" ;@task1_day2_48SCIL_12@>2" ;@task1_day2_38SCIL_12@>2" ;@task1_day2_28SCIL_12@>2" ;@task1_day2_18SCIL_12T@>2" *%;@task1_day2_48SCIL_1@ <0" *%;@task1_day2_38SCIL_1@ <0" *%;@task1_day2_28SCIL_1@ <0" *%;@task1_day2_18SCIL_1@ <0" 5;@task1_day2_48SCIL_415 Tooru 77 Yernt recorded Y0" 5;@task1_day2_38SCIL_4@ <0" 5;@task1_day2_28SCIL_4@<0" 5;@task1_day2_18SCIL_4R@<0" s;@task1_day2_48SCIL_13TOORU: 15 YERNT: 79T2" s;@task1_day2_38SCIL_13@>2" s;@task1_day2_28SCIL_13@>2" s;@task1_day2_18SCIL_13@>2" (;@task1_day2_48SCIL_8@<0" (;@task1_day2_38SCIL_8J@<0" (;@task1_day2_28SCIL_8@<0" (;@task1_day2_18SCIL_8l@<0" 贁;@task1_day3_28SCIH_13>2" 贁;@task1_day3_18SCIH_13>2" u.<@task2_day3_48SCIH_4<0" u.<@task2_day3_38SCIH_4<0" u.<@task2_day3_28SCIH_4@<0" u.<@task2_day3_18SCIH_4*@<0" se<@task2_day3_18SCIH_14H@>2" 8d<@task1_day4_18SCIH_7D@<0" kט/;@task2_day3_48SCIH_9<0" kט/;@task2_day3_38SCIH_9<0" kט/;@task2_day3_28SCIH_9@<0" kט/;@task2_day3_18SCIH_9,@<0" >B;@task1_day1_18SCIH_3@ <0" #߼<@task3_day3_18SCIH_6@<0" 1z_<@task1_day3_2unknown@<0" 1z_<@task1_day3_1unknown(@ <0" ZƇx<@task1_day3_28SCIH_14>2" ZƇx<@task1_day3_18SCIH_14L@ >2" ;@task1_day1_18SCIH_13f@ >2" 2" ;@task3_day3_18SCIH_7@<0" ;@task3_day3_18SCIH_2@<0" ;@task2_day3_48SCIH_7 there were dinosaurs \0" ;@task2_day3_38SCIH_7j@<0" ;@task2_day3_28SCIH_7X@ <0" xLVAL~ J  .pZi saw many things like animals jumping up and down and the nature. i also saw people researching and observing.Many animal heads, most of the island is deserted with the exception of the hunting grounds. There are also close to no crops growing on the island.there where flying animals and people The villagers work together and respect each other.There were animal heads inside of the hall Animals were flying towards me i got scared and time warped back home to the village (Hogwarts)therefore, there are people in the village. therefor, there are heads on the walls of the hut.when we first went into the village we saw people dancing around fires and an old man at a table with hunting tools and animal fur.behind him the old man was a hut and inside the hut there were animal haeds mounted on the wall.The mammal was eating a drought resistant plant which could mean that it was dry and that was one of the only things to eat. The fact that the mammal fossil was found in the lake must mean that when it was alive there was no lake. This means that omosa was very dry.Large mammal drought resistant plant in where the mammals stomach would beGiven there are burnt out areas it suggest that the climate is very hot causing fires. This could lead to the grass, which is food for the yearnt. The grass dying could be the reason the yearnt are dying out. The yearnt dying would then cause declines in the number of tooru which eat yearntBurnt out areas dry grass yearnt are dying out there are flying animals and fun villagers We have found out that there was previous life on omosa that maybe the reason for interest of omosa. We have also found burnt out areas that most likely were caused by scientists for research. We also found out that this game is broken.everyone has been doing the same thing ever since day 1, nothing much has changed just people celebrating in the village and students have been observing with their teachers in the weather lab.LVALZ l@Ttherefore the burnt area is dead and surrounded by land and patches of dry grass.the burnt down areas are black and there are dead trees and the grounds cracked and around the burnt area there is alot of land and patches of grass.the tress where tall and green leafsThis experiment you get two plants and put them into different areas. You give one plant lots of water and sunlight. and for the other plant you do nothing at allso there has been a fire in that area. so there was a fire recently. means that they haven't been breading too muchthere were burnt trees in the area. there are many trees in the area. most of the grass is burnt. there was less than 250 animals on the island.I have learnt that on omosa there are two types of animal: Yearnt and tooru. The yearnt are antelope like mammals that are eaten by the tooru and the villagers. The tooru are leopard like predators. Recently, the yearnt numbers have started to decline. Omosa is in drought and there are remains of burnt out shrubs suggesting bush fires. There are many other signs that lead us to the fact the grass is drying out meaning that the yearnt cannot eat it or get the nutrients they need and so the drought is taking it's toll. Another major discovery was the finding of a land based mammals fossil at the bottom of the lake. The fact that the fossil was found in the bottom of the lake suggests that Omosa must have been very dry at the time this animal died and the lake must have dried out. Evidence has led us to believe that Omosa is drying out like at the time the fossil died.Multiple animal heads within the village hall suggests that the people are great hunters but are also killing what they need most. The hunting grounds will soon not have any animals and the island will be completely deserted due to low numbers of animals. The human inhabitants will also die out quickly due to lack of food and vegetation.vLVAL   N V Fj6nThere is a major drought in progress, and because the grasses dry out ot affects the whole ecosystemThe fire-ecology of omosa is effecting the grasses and food supply for yernt as well as the drought.Maybe the grass is too dry for them to eatHe thinks the same thing that everyone else thinks, grasses are not growing and that there is a lack in rainfallShe thinks that there is not enough rainfall in the are thus meaning the grasses can't grow, causing the yernt and other species to die outHe thinks the yernt might be dying out because of the soil being to dry for the grass to grow. He also suspects that floods could be having an impact on the wildlife. The fires that happen here could aalso be one of the reasons that the Yernt are dying outdoesn't really know why the the yernt is dying out but suspects it is because the grass is to dryall starts with drought. due to poor rainfall the grass and shrubs are too brown for the Yernt to eat. Tooru also died out since there arnt enough Yernt to feed on. if drought is solved vegetation for the Yernt would return and food for the Tooru would also returndrought, poor soil, poor grass nutrition allows the Yernt to die out due to no foodgrass too dry unable for the Yernt to eatThinks the decreased rainfall is a contributing factor. The yernt need green grass and shrubs to survive,and with the decreasing population of the yernt, the tooru (predators of the yernt) aren't getting enough food either. Thinks the drought is having a big effect on the planet. The soil is poor and the dry grass is not very nutritious.Does not know, but thinks the planet might be too dry for the Yernt to eat the grass.The Tooru are killing the Yernt because the Tooru number are staying the same whilst the number of the Yernt are in decline.Drought would have to be the culprit.Drought is taking a toll. The soil is poor and the grass is not very nutritious.It is too dry and the grass is not good enough to eat.LVALH H~ <fVillagers cut down forests where the yernt lived to make room for settlements.Lyina doesn't know why Yernt are dying out. She suspects it is too dry and there's not enough grass to eat.There are 15 Tooru and 80 Yernt on planet Omosa.Zafirah discovered that the Omosan weather system follows a simple pattern of wet and dry seasons. She also found out that there is a major change in weather patterns every 7-10 years.Charlie has discovered the the herbivorous species, the Yeernt, is declining in numbers. Lyina believes that the Yernt are dying out because the grass on planet Omosa is too dry for them to eat, which means that the species may not be getting enough nutrients.The tooru numbers are 15 and the yernt numbers are 80The drought is causing the grass to dry out and therefore the yernt are not getting proper nutrition.Charlie said that the natives have been farming fire-sticks for over 40,000 year and the char deposits underneath the soil have been building up so now the grass cant grow because the soil has been contaminated with the char and so the yernt's food source is lessening and they are dying out.Another factor would be the drought which is causing the soil to be less nutritious which means that the grass is barely feeding the yernt what they need.Lynia doesnt have a very good idea of whats going on. She thinks it may be because of the dry grass and the heat that the yernt are dying out.the weather is not predictable in dry seasons, their is a major change every 7-10 years. There is a big drought now where it is getting hotterSoil cores show an increase in pollen belonging to fire loving plants. The density of char is higher than 40000 years ago. The yernt population is in decline. The yernt are dying out because it is to dry and the weather is to hot and the grass is to dry to eat.Thinks they omosans have been wasteful with their land and that after the drought nobody was respectful of it anymore. 5n< c  C U z 1 > g ?Lq(Sh!Lu)\B;@task2_day2_48SCIL_12@>2" )\B;@task2_day2_38SCIL_12@>2" )\B;@task2_day2_28SCIL_12Tooru- 15 Yeernt 80T2" )\B;@task2_day2_18SCIL_12@>2" V?S;@task2_day2_4unknown~@<0" V?S;@task2_day2_3unknownP@<0" V?S;@task2_day2_2unknownF@<0" V?S;@task2_day2_1unknownD@<0" Uk;@task2_day2_48SCIL_8N@ <0" Uk;@task2_day2_38SCIL_8@ <0" Uk;@task2_day2_28SCIL_8N@<0" Uk;@task2_day2_18SCIL_8@<0" %;@task1_day2_48SCIL_7Tooru: 15 Yernt: 78R0" %;@task1_day2_38SCIL_7@<0" %;@task1_day2_28SCIL_7@<0" %;@task1_day2_18SCIL_7@<0" b0;@task1_day2_48SCIL_10>2" b0;@task1_day2_38SCIL_10>2" b0;@task1_day2_28SCIL_10@>2" b0;@task1_day2_18SCIL_10@>2" e ;@task2_day2_48SCIL_1rainfall has been decreasingZ0" e ;@task2_day2_38SCIL_1@<0" e ;@task2_day2_28SCIL_1@<0" e ;@task2_day2_18SCIL_1@ <0" mp<@task1_day2_4unknown<0" J3o<@task3_day3_18SCIL_15 In OmosaH2" mp<@task1_day2_3unknown@<0" o<@task3_day3_18SCIL_12r@>2" mp<@task1_day2_2unknown<0" mp<@task1_day2_1unknown<0" r1;@task2_day2_48SCIL_13@>2" r1;@task2_day2_38SCIL_13p@>2" r1;@task2_day2_28SCIL_13TOORU: 15 YERNT: 79 V2" r1;@task2_day2_18SCIL_13@ >2" ]nP;@task1_day2_48SCIL_14>2" ]nP;@task1_day2_38SCIL_14F@>2" ]nP;@task1_day2_28SCIL_14@>2" ]nP;@task1_day2_18SCIL_14@>2" xK;@task1_day2_48SCIL_5Tooru: 15. Yernt: 80.S0" xK;@task1_day2_38SCIL_5X@<0" xK;@task1_day2_28SCIL_5@<0" xK;@task1_day2_18SCIL_5@ <0" l;@task1_day2_48SCIL_11`@ >2" l;@task1_day2_38SCIL_11p@ >2" l;@task1_day2_28SCIL_11@ >2" l;@task1_day2_18SCIL_11V@>2"  ;@task1_day2_48SCIL_9j@<0"  ;@task1_day2_38SCIL_9@<0"  ;@task1_day2_28SCIL_9|@<0"  ;@task1_day2_18SCIL_9@<0" };@task1_day2_48SCIL_15Tooru:15 Yernt:79R2" };@task1_day2_38SCIL_15@>2" };@task1_day2_28SCIL_15J@>2" LVAL  N8he documents about the animals and how they hut them he also documents about how they are dying out.the omosa weather system is really intresing.it seems to be governed by a kind cyclical pattern of wet and dry seasons, only it is not completely predictible when the dry seasons happen.we call this pattern GOO (great omosan oscilation). it seems that there is a major change in the weather about every 7-10 years, but there are also non-reapeted events like gradual drying up of lakes.I have found that the Osmosans may have used fire ecolgy.Least rainfall during July and November Most rainfall during December and January There are lower amounts of tooru than grass and yernt in Omosa. When numbers of yernt increase grass decreases. When population of tooru increases population of yernt decreases. Zafirah also thinks that the drought is affecting the Yernt. Without steady rainfall the grass goes brown and dies. Without the grass the Yernt cannot feed and dieCharlie believes that the fire-ecology of Omosa is affecting the climate. He says it is making the soil poor and the grass dry. The drought on Omosa is also taking its toll. The grass is not as nutritious but that is not what the main cause of the change in numbersLyina believes that the grass is becoming drier and the Yernt and the nutrients from the grass are being deprived due to the drynessThe weather cycle has been acting up. Omosa has wet and dry seasons, however when the dry season comes is unpredictable. Omosa is in the middle of a drought at the moment. Also, it has been getting hotter over the past years. Zafirah reckons that the ecological unbalance all starts with the drought.Charlie has discovered that the amount of pollen is increasing in the grass. Also, the density of char has been too high from 40,000 years ago onwards. The population of herbivores is also decreasing. Finally, the soil is poor and the grass is too dry. LVAL  z Dr$Omosa goes through dry and wet periods.Tree ring with decreases meaning that it is going through drought.Tooru: 15 Yernt: 79 (goes down and up)Number of Tooru are staying the same whilst grass and Yernt are in declineZarifah is an expert on climate and weather systems. She also has a PhD on meteoroligy and a master's degree in statistics. She has also lived in Omosa for three years for the IEIA mission. Zarifah thinks that the draught is causing the unbalanced ecosystem.Charlie is a bioligist, mainly an ecologist to be exact. He is on a research mission from the IEIA and is there to find out why the Omosan ecosystem is unbalanced. Charlie says the poor dry grass is not very nutritious for the Yernt to live from same for the tooru.Lyina, 'The Shining One' is one of the best hunters in Omosan and mainly hunts yernt as the main food source. She has lived in the village all her life and started hunting as soon as she got to learn to shoot a bow & arrow. Lyina is unsure why the yernt are dying out but she thinks it is mainly because of the dry grass.The soil cores show an increase in pollen belonging to the fire loving plants and these increases seem to concide with the uptake of fire-stick farming on Omosa which has been happening for at least 40,000 years. The density of char deposits is quite high too dating from 40,000 years ago and onwards. The Yernt herbivore population is at a decline. My assistants have also figured out that the island of Omosa supported a lot more Yernt 100 years. The Yernt are probably dying out because the area is dry and the grasses don't provide enough nutrient for the animals.tree rings grow larger over a period of time. And that the humans are killing all the animals and then the humans start to die outThe yernt are dying out but breeding like crazy and the Toruu numbers are staying the same but very low and their are only about 76 YerntLVALv&  X D2LThere are 15 toorus and 78 yernts. Toorus= large and heavily muscled.She do not know why. Her hypothesis is that the grass is too dry and not healthy.Tooru losing numbers drastically. grass growth isn't sufficient and non stable.Yernt are massive herbivores. Tooru work like a pack of wolves tearing their victim to shreads. Yernt wonder around looking for their previous homes. they tend to look for greener lands.What is known is that the numbers have been decreasing of all species. This is caused becasue of the natives killing of the animals then as the animals have nothuing to eat because of the bad conditions the natives run out of a food source this causes the native to die out Rainfall also plays a big part in the growth of grasses from which the animals eat, recently the grasses have been up and down in the chart because of less than adequate rainfall. What is not known is the reason why rainfall has not been more frequent, and why the toruu population can't gain more numbers like the Vernt. A) What is known is that Omosa is going through drought and the grass is degrading, and the Tooru are not affected but the Yernt are. B) What is NOT known is what exactly is killing off the Yernt since there are many different causes that could be doing it. Also we don't know what is causing the drought.The rainfall is at its least June and is on a cycle and is also on a nine year wet dry cycle.The Tooru population stays the same, and the grass and yeernt have dependent cycles i.e more grass more yeerntThe yeernt are the herbivores, and the Tooru eat the yeernt. The osmosans also cultivate TaroMost of the average rainfall occurred in January and December. 1. -10 years from present = 2.0 mm (Tree ring width) 2. 0 years from present =0.3 mm (Tree ring width) Conclusion: Decreased because not enough water due to drought.There are 15 toorus and 78 yernts. Toorus= large and heavily muscled.16r+V : e  y 2 ]  ' Ny0W#Lq*U9[Dyo<@task2_day3_18SCIL_7@<0" 4(rы<@task1_day3_28SCIL_8@<0" 4(rы<@task1_day3_18SCIL_8(@<0" w8Yo<@task1_day3_28SCIL_2@<0" w8Yo<@task1_day3_18SCIL_2n@<0" h$<@task1_day3_28SCIL_9@<0" h$<@task1_day3_18SCIL_9j@<0" Mo<@task1_day3_28SCIL_7@<0" Mo<@task1_day3_18SCIL_7@<0" g:b;@task3_day2_18SCIL_7<0" R;@task2_day2_48SCIL_11>2" R;@task2_day2_38SCIL_11>2" R;@task2_day2_28SCIL_11>2" R;@task2_day2_18SCIL_11@>2"  b;@task2_day2_48SCIL_7@<0"  b;@task2_day2_38SCIL_7<0"  b;@task2_day2_28SCIL_7Tooru: 15 Yernt: 78R0"  b;@task2_day2_18SCIL_7@<0" 6P;@task3_day2_18SCIL_2@<0" rP;@task3_day2_18SCIL_14H@>2" eK;@task3_day2_18SCIL_11@>2" K;@task3_day2_18SCIL_5X@<0" <+I;@task3_day2_18SCIL_12@>2" ;WP;@task3_day2_18SCIL_13"@>2" A;@task2_day2_48SCIL_2X@<0" A;@task2_day2_38SCIL_2<0" A;@task2_day2_28SCIL_2B@<0" A;@task2_day2_18SCIL_2@ <0" NP;@task2_day2_48SCIL_14h@ >2" NP;@task2_day2_38SCIL_14n@ >2" NP;@task2_day2_28SCIL_14Tooru: 15 Yernt: 80T2" NP;@task2_day2_18SCIL_14@ >2" O:;@task2_day2_48SCIL_9@ <0" O:;@task2_day2_38SCIL_9@<0" O:;@task2_day2_28SCIL_9b@<0" O:;@task2_day2_18SCIL_9<0" ot?;@task2_day2_48SCIL_5@<0" ot?;@task2_day2_38SCIL_5P@<0" ot?;@task2_day2_28SCIL_5Tooru: 13. Yernt: 79.S0" ot?;@task2_day2_18SCIL_5@<0" O'S;@task2_day2_48SCIL_6~@<0" O'S;@task2_day2_38SCIL_6P@<0" O'S;@task2_day2_28SCIL_6F@ <0" O'S;@task2_day2_18SCIL_6D@ <0" 5;@task1_day2_48SCIL_6<0" 5;@task1_day2_38SCIL_6@<0" 5;@task1_day2_28SCIL_6@<0" 5;@task1_day2_18SCIL_6@ <0" P;@task2_day2_48SCIL_4<0" P;@task2_day2_38SCIL_4@ <0" P;@task2_day2_28SCIL_4<0" P;@task2_day2_18SCIL_4t@ <0" fq';@task3_day2_18SCIL_1@<0" o^M;@task3_day2_18SCIL_8d@<0" LVAL x ( 42$N0Some known factors are the amount of animals, the behavior of animals, and the seasons of weatherWe know that the planet is in a period of drought. Rainfall is relatively frequentWet season is generally AROUND MARCH AND MAYHe has seen 14 tuuro and 78 yerntThe tuuro are vicious brutes while the yernt are timid creaturesDemonstrates the decrease in rainfall from 2001-2010Demonstrates the decrease in numbers of Yernt over timeYernt are hunted for their skin and meat, understandably timid. Tooru are vicious brutes, predators of the Yernt, dotted like leopardsThe months of the year that receive the most rainfall are January,February, MarchThe booklet shows the declining number of tooru, the up and down number of Yernt and the up and down amount of grass. The population of people has been declining for some time but the other wildlife has stayed the same since the beginning of the recordingThe tree ring width has been declining every yearRainfall is decreasing. Wet season is generally around March to May.Width of tree rings are getting smaller.Tooru are vicious brutes, wolf like attacking methods. Yernt are timid and shy.Most of the average rainfall occurred in January and December. 1. -10 years from present = 2.0 mm (Tree ring width) 2. 0 years from present =0.3 mm (Tree ring width) Conclusion: Decreased because not enough water due to drought.It is definitely the drought that caused the decreased rainfall. There is a possibility that the climate changes have changed towards a more arid climate. Without these steady rains, the grasses on Omaso would go brown and die. Yernts rely on juicy green grass and shrubs. Therefore many yernt died and there is not enough yernt for tooru. 'The soil cores are really interesting. They show an increase in pollen belonging to the fire-loving plant...' '...The soil is poor and the dry grass is not very nutritious.' They're in a dry period. Therefore, there is little rainfall. ~LVAL *-They take pride in the Yernt they capture. -Tooru are hard to kill.-There is a lot of Yernt heads hanging up. -There are some Tooru heads hangingOn December 2010 Omosa had the most rainfall, 500 mm. On November 2009 Omosa had the least rainfall with 0 mm.Yernt are great big herbivores that are large in size. Tooru's are carnivore's that feast on Yernt's mainly and are a lot like wolves.The information we have gathered is that -The Yernt has decreased dramatically in population (approx. 80 on the hunting grounds) -Rainfall has decreased over the last 10 years affecting grass growth -The main contributor to the Yernt dying is that the drought has affected grass growth and the Yernt cannot eat and are dying What we do not know is -The cause of the sudden drought and decrease in rainfall The information found shows that the planet of Omosa has gone through a lot of change since when the planet was first discovered. The herbivorous species of 'Yernt' has had declining numbers. This may be because of the change in habitat. Omosa used to have very lush forests, although now it is barren with very dry grass.What is known is that the weather changes and soil types have an effect. What isn't known is what is the cause of the disappearances and appearances of the Tooru and Yernt.There is a drought in Omosa, which is drying out the vegetation. The vegetation on the planet is the yernt's only food source, so the yernt are starting to die out. This affects the other species of animal on Omosa, the tooru, as the yernt are their primary food source. Rainfall has been decreasing on Omosa ever since 2001. The population of the tooru is considerably lower than that of the yernt. The Omosans believe they have been wasteful with their resources. However, the precise reason as to why the yernt and tooru are dying out is still not known, even though the primary hypothesis is the decreasing amount of grass and vegetation on Omosa. LVAL  2  `zTWe couldn't find the fossil or anything to do with it.There is new vegetation already growing over the burnt out patches.animals only found in fertile areas fire farming is destroying habitats of the animals the animals are being hunted by the village people, hunted animals are being displayed in the hut at the top of the hall of the Omosa village -The animal died of water loss, in a drought season, and the plant survived as it was drought-resistant.-The plant survived, while the animal didn't.-The native tribes initiated and controlled the burns. -Spinifex grass grows easier in burnt areas.-The burnt areas are controlled and confined. -Spinifex grass grows near the burnt out areas.The old person outside the hall told me that the heads were hunting trophies. This is the most likely cause of the heads. As for the books, I collected the flora & fauna book, but not the 'records' book. The flora and fauna book was written by an outsider, an explorer, which means that other explorers have been here before us.Some old notes by an explorer titled 'Field notes on the flora and fauna of Omosa', a book titled 'Records' and different heads hanging on the wall.They have been hunting, and take pride in what they catch They record their researchThere are hunting trophies, a table and books ,recordsThe animal skins are hung on the wall are used as trophies to show the strength and hunting prowess of the nativesHanging on the wall is only the head and it is most likely stuffed which shows that the natives try and use all of the animal rather than getting the good bits and leaving the rest.The explorer's journal gives information on the native plants and animals. The Yernt is a large herbivore, which the Omosans hunt for its meat and hide. The Tooru are vicious carnivores who hunt the Yernt. The journal also says that thousands of years ago, Omosa was lush, with many birds and other species living in it.6r+V 8 ]  A l # L  7\8cAfBi ҋ<@task3_day3_18SCIL_8@<0" Wo<@task2_day3_48SCIL_13>2" Wo<@task2_day3_38SCIL_13>2" Wo<@task2_day3_28SCIL_13@>2" Wo<@task2_day3_18SCIL_13J@>2" .o<@task3_day3_18SCIL_1@<0" Yo<@task1_day3_28SCIL_13@>2" Yo<@task1_day3_18SCIL_13@ >2" ŝo<@task2_day3_48SCIL_15@ >2" ŝo<@task2_day3_38SCIL_15l@ >2" ŝo<@task2_day3_28SCIL_15@ >2" ŝo<@task2_day3_18SCIL_15@ >2" Tvo<@task2_day3_48SCIL_10>2" Tvo<@task2_day3_38SCIL_10X@>2" Tvo<@task2_day3_28SCIL_10@>2" Tvo<@task2_day3_18SCIL_10r@>2" ы<@task2_day3_48SCIL_8@<0" ы<@task2_day3_38SCIL_8@<0" ы<@task2_day3_28SCIL_8@<0" ы<@task2_day3_18SCIL_8N@<0" \<@task1_day4_58SCIL_14@>2" \<@task1_day4_48SCIL_14@>2" \<@task1_day4_38SCIL_14@ >2" \<@task1_day4_28SCIL_14b@ >2" \<@task1_day4_18SCIL_14 @ >2" ζJ p<@task2_day3_48SCIL_12@ >2" ζJ p<@task2_day3_38SCIL_12@>2" ζJ p<@task2_day3_28SCIL_12 -The osmosans use fire ecology^2" ζJ p<@task2_day3_18SCIL_12-There are burnt out areasZ2" 5/o<@task1_day3_28SCIL_5`@<0" 5/o<@task1_day3_18SCIL_5J@<0" N&o<@task3_day3_18SCIL_7f@<0" E9o<@task1_day3_28SCIL_12P@>2" E9o<@task1_day3_18SCIL_12`@>2" o<@task2_day3_48SCIL_2`@<0" o<@task2_day3_38SCIL_2|@<0" o<@task2_day3_28SCIL_2@ <0" o<@task2_day3_18SCIL_2T@ <0" { <@task3_day3_18SCIL_9|@<0" \<@task1_day3_28SCIL_6R@<0" \<@task1_day3_18SCIL_6<@<0" K~o<@task1_day3_28SCIL_15@>2" K~o<@task1_day3_18SCIL_15f@>2" ߦo<@task1_day3_28SCIL_10 @>2" ߦo<@task1_day3_18SCIL_10v@>2" 7Ũ<@task2_day3_48SCIL_9@<0" 7Ũ<@task2_day3_38SCIL_9l@ <0" 7Ũ<@task2_day3_28SCIL_9&@<0" 7Ũ<@task2_day3_18SCIL_9@ <0" o<@task1_day3_28SCIL_4@<0" o<@task1_day3_18SCIL_4@ <0" [Dyo<@task2_day3_48SCIL_7@ <0" [Dyo<@task2_day3_38SCIL_7Z@ <0" [Dyo<@task2_day3_28SCIL_7@<0" fLVAL B " & >Because they were in such small quantities, they were obviously set off by the villagers. The areas that they burnt were controlled.According to the book, the carnivore, tooru relies on the herbivores, yernts. The Settlers (Islanders) demolished forests,destroying the yernts' habitat. They also burnt fire like the Aboriginals to develop the crops/plants in a better way. However, these methods will influence the population of yernts and tooru This is because yernts are loosing their habitats and foods which is also an issue for the tooru since the tooru relies on the yernts. These observations concluded that yernts and tooru are influenced negatively by the settlers. the observations that we made was that there was a lot of yernt heads, wool and there was a book which explained about the animals and plants around the area.There are less yernts. There are less wolves. To keep as a memory To keep records of previous results of weather and animals. I Observed that there are a lot of wolf heads, yernt heads. There was a lot some wool and there was a supply of wool. The book explained about the weather, the plants and animals.The inhabitants have many animal skins because they like hunting and gathering. They want to show off their skills and are very fond of hunting.At the hall, we saw many animal skins and animal trophies. The drought resistant plant may have died out because of the mammals eating it in a drought and then the mammals could have died out because of the lack of food because the drought resistant plant may have been the only drought resistant plant on omosa.There are burnt out patches because the natives regularly light fires to rejuvenate the soil so that new crops will flourish in nutrient rich soil.since the Yernt are only available in one area the Tooru have gathered in one area to feed on the Yernt. also the Yernt are being hunted by the Omosans. this will result in the Yernt dying out and the Tooru dying out after.dLVAL  H H*2I believe that plants do grow better when supplied with a frequent source of waterDo plants grow better when supplied with water?My ideas for this experiment is to choose a week that is forecast to be very hot and dry. I will then place soil in two cups and place a group of easily growing seed in each of the cups. One of the cups will receive water regularly and will not receive any.-A long time ago there were plants that were resistant to the drought-A fossil of a large mammal has been found in a lake bed on Omosa and there are remains of a drought- resistant plant in the parts of the fossil corresponding to the mammal's stomach. What might you infer from this finding?The Yernt have been slaughtered by the hunters. Trophies from hunting and a few books on a table. There is another table with nothing on it, on the other side of room. There are Yernt heads displayed on the walls.In Omosa there have been many things that we have seen. One of the main problems in Omosa is the loss of yernts which is mainly due to the fact of the draught which is making the grass dry and unhealthy for the animals. Throughout our observations in Omosa we have seen a lot of heads of the animals to show what they have captured in village huts. We also have seen the spinifex grass has been growing near the burnt out areas in Omosa. Fossils at the lake bed was also found which was most likely because the animal died of water loss during the drought season.-Most of these species are now extinct -There are many animal skin species on osmosa The mammal most likely died in a severe drought.The mammal was fossilized and most of its body was preserved. We have learned that the natives of omosa hang animal skins on the wall of their hall to show off their strength and prowess, we learned that the natives burn out patches of land to regrow vegetation and we learned that there was a fossil of a mammal found with the remains of a drought resistant plant in its stomach.tLVAL(  |  n  z \,>hdit is a very easy thing to do simply get to plants and water one and leave the other.She thinks that maybe its too dry and the grass isn't good for them to eatthere is a fossil of a large mammal beside the lake bed There has been a bush fire causing this patch of grass to die. there are dead trees around the patch and there are clumps of dry spinifex grass. The grass is black The trees have no leaves and are black The soil is grey in some partsFires may have originated in main area, then spread slightly to surrounding areas.Some areas are more burnt than others-Some species on Omosa have become extinct -could say they hunted for decorations -One species of animal in the hall cannot be found in the hunting grounds -head and skin of animals the water resistant plants are recycling the food for nutrients as they have no source of WATERA fossil of a large mammal has been found in a lake bed on Omosa and there are remains of a drought- resistant plant in the parts of the fossil corresponding to the mammal's stomach.there has been a bushfire due to the drought. To replace grass for food for the animalsThere patches of burnt out areas alternating with clumps of dry spinifexgrass.Whale shaped Turned into a weather station Grasses are burned for tradition in belief that other plants will grow healthier.Burnt grass patches Traditional beliefs told from people1. The plant has evolved to adapt to the conditions of Omosa. This is a way we can restore the balance of plants and animals!1. Remains of a drought resistant plant inside a fossil of a large mammal1. The people have been burning the land to encourage crops to grow, but it is too dry for it to grow.1. Small-medium sized burnt-out patchesThe dependent variable (often noted by y) is the variable that is depended on by other variables.An independent variable is a variable (often noted by x) that does not depend on that of another. It is the variable that is measured.LVALx `4We can change the plants so both have water or neither have water. I think that the plant with the water shall grow and the other plant shall not Therefore fries have happened recently Therefore fires had torched the plants Therefore salinity has happened here and the fires have burnt itThe animals are only found near the hunting ground and areas with grass.There are a lot of animals skins in the village. The population of Yernt on Omosa is decreasing quickly. The heads displayed in the village hall are of the Yernt, the Tooru and other species. There is a drought in Omosa. We have found small-medium sized burnt-out patches in the hunting grounds. The most likely cause for this is that the people have been burning the land to encourage crops to grow, but it is too dry for it to grow. We need to educate the Omosan people about this. **MAJOR NEWS** Remains of a drought resistant plant have been found inside a fossil of a large mammal. This sort of plant has evolved to adapt to the harsh conditions of Omosa. This is possibly a way that we can restore the balance to the island of Omosa!!osmosa is a nearly dead area. The animals that are native to the area are all dying out and the indigenous people are killing the wildlife and not letting them breed so they are slowly going to starve. The native plants are suffering from drought and the only drought resistant plant is dead, so soon there will be no food left for the animals to eat. The plants are all dying out and the animals are eating them to fast. Salinity poisons the soil and soon there will be no good earth left for plant life. The animals are being hunted by the natives and other larger animals. They are slowly dying out. the native people are insane and eat too much of the meat. The animals are dying out and that will lead to starvation of the people. Osmosa is a dying island. The researches are doing nothing to help although they try to. GG?5n'R  } 6 a  E Z  : _en%JR }6aEWl<@task1_day4_58SCIH_9L@<0" Wl<@task1_day4_48SCIH_9@<0" Wl<@task1_day4_38SCIH_9@<0" Wl<@task1_day4_28SCIH_9@<0" t<@task1_day2_48SCIH_4<0" t<@task1_day2_38SCIH_4<0" t<@task1_day2_28SCIH_44@ <0" t<@task1_day2_18SCIH_4p@<0" Kh<@task3_day2_18SCIH_9<0" Yш<@task3_day4_28SCIH_7@<0" Yш<@task3_day4_18SCIH_7@<0"  Վ<@task1_day2_48SCIH_9<0"  Վ<@task1_day2_38SCIH_9<0"  Վ<@task1_day2_28SCIH_9R@<0"  Վ<@task1_day2_18SCIH_9@<0" ߌ<@task1_day2_48SCIH_15!there are 15 tooru and 79 yernt_2" ߌ<@task1_day2_38SCIH_15H@>2" ߌ<@task1_day2_28SCIH_15D@>2" ߌ<@task1_day2_18SCIH_15B@>2" w<@task1_day3_28SCIH_11@>2" w<@task1_day3_18SCIH_11@ >2" ɺ<@task2_day4_58SCIH_12|@ >2" ɺ<@task2_day4_48SCIH_12The location of the trees.Z2" ɺ<@task2_day4_38SCIH_12@ >2" ɺ<@task2_day4_28SCIH_12Experiment conducted already.]2" ɺ<@task2_day4_18SCIH_12@ >2" ԥ<@task1_day4_58SCIH_12V@ >2" ԥ<@task1_day4_48SCIH_12@>2" ԥ<@task1_day4_38SCIH_12@>2" ԥ<@task1_day4_28SCIH_12J@>2" ԥ<@task1_day4_18SCIH_12|@>2" LR<@task2_day4_58SCIH_7^@<0" LR<@task2_day4_48SCIH_7@<0" LR<@task2_day4_38SCIH_7@<0" LR<@task2_day4_28SCIH_7IVE DONE IT ALREADY R0" LR<@task2_day4_18SCIH_7@<0" s<@task1_day2_48SCIH_6<0" s<@task1_day2_38SCIH_6@<0" s<@task1_day2_28SCIH_6@<0" s<@task1_day2_18SCIH_6@<0"  <@task2_day3_48SCIL_6z@<0"  <@task2_day3_38SCIL_6p@<0"  <@task2_day3_28SCIL_6~@<0"  <@task2_day3_18SCIL_6@<0" No<@task1_day3_28SCIL_1<0" No<@task1_day3_18SCIL_1<0" fffo<@task3_day3_18SCIL_2@<0" = Yo<@task2_day3_48SCIL_1<0" = Yo<@task2_day3_38SCIL_1<0" = Yo<@task2_day3_28SCIL_1 @<0" = Yo<@task2_day3_18SCIL_1@<0" lo<@task1_day3_28SCIL_11>2" lo<@task1_day3_18SCIL_11P@>2" .LVALp r nJFdXX drought tooru:15 yernt:80 grass may not be good for the yernt to eat hunting trophies dry ashlike grass and burnt treesThe tree growth when compared to when they were near the deer.If this is the situation then the trees will die out and the deer will also die due to the lack of vegetation for the deer to feast on.Fence off the deer so that the trees ay grow without being eaten.the amount of water that the plants receivethe plants receive water otherwise they might die out due to low waterIf this is the situation, then most of the plants will receive their water requirements. The consequences will mean that most of the plants will die out due to low water levels. The reason is because some of the plants will receive water and others will not.Ive already conducted the experiment.Every day it rains, collect the rainfall and water the plants.We measure how much water we put onto the plantThinks that the drought is the cause of the yearnt dying. Without rain the grasses on Omosa go brown and die. The yearnt can not feed properly without juicy green grass and shrubs. She also thinks that then there will not be enough food for the Tooru either.Thinks it could be several things. He says that the fire ecology of Omosa holds some clue to the changes in vegetation. But he doesn't believe that the sharp decline in yearnt could be caused by that alone. He thinks the drought could be effecting the yearnt as the soil is poor and the dry grass are not very nutritious. Therefore, there must be mammals in Omaso thousands of years ago. Probably, the mammals' habitat would be somewhere in the lake. Probably the lake used to have no water and is a clear land.The continent of Omosa is suffering in a drought, which is causing all the native animals to die. When the animals of Omosa start to go extinct, all the people of the planet will start to suffer and die. And since there seems to be no edible plant matter on the continent, all the humans will have to evacuate or they will die.0LVAL *\ RCharlie is originally from Sydney, he is on a research mission from IEIA to find out why the Omosan ecosystem is unbalanced. He mainly gets his information from observing or uses soil cores to help find out how the vegetation has changed over a long period of time. Soil cores show show an increase in pollen from fire-loving plants, density of char deposits is high. Yernt herbivore population is in decline. Lyina means 'shining one' in Omosan, she is one of the best hunters. Lyina hunts Yernt and on the rare occasion Tooru, but only for their fur. She mainly hunts in fields and woodlnads. Aim: See how many animals are being hunted by each day Method: At the beginning of the day see how many animals they're are and after about 6 hours then see how many animals are left. Equipment: Binoculars, A graph, pen, paper, See how many animals are being hunted each day What caused the fires ( test the gravel from the burnt areas) What is the fossil in the middle of omosa. What do the people from the village eat and drink?the soil cores are really interesting they show an increase in pollen belonging to the fire loving plants and this increase seems to coincide with the uptake of fire-stick farming on omosa which has been happening for at least 40,000 years , as long as there were omosans. The density of char deposists is quite high too dating from 40,000 years ago and onwards . Also the yernt herbivore population is indeed in decline. because the grass is too dry for them to. the Omosans eat fish, meat and also gather nuts,seeds and berries. they grow taro if there not getting enough meat. they don't eat tooru for meat but they use them for fur. the omosans live here their whole life and start hunting when they learn and old enough to shoot an arrow they use rain gauges to measure rainthey somtimes observe the animals.she hunts yernt and tooru for furdecreased rainfall therefore, they hold hunting challanges of some kind therefore, a fire burnt that area<LVAL^  \ p<b*l The differences are that the animals are eating and they're are a lot more of them than the netlogo model that we created. We think this because on Netlogo we burnt everything and made life very difficult for the animals.we measure the hight of the trees and the speed there growenthe area of the trees are which are placed and fence off the area untill the trees grow bigger. My hypothesis is that there ARE deer living in the park and these deer ARE eating the leaves from the trees .Are there deer living in the park? Are the deer eating the leaves ?Finding out if there are deer in the PARK AND IF THEY ARE THE ONES EATING THE LEAVES.Which animal eats the most leavesThe animal we test weather eats the leavesI believe that Out of all the animals that I feed the leaves the deer will eat most. This will mean that it is extremely likely that it is the deers who are eating the park's Geelong trees.Are the deer in the park eating the Geebung Trees?He should feed some of the Geebung leaves to various animals in the park including the deer and test which animal eats the most of themWe Used fire sticks and and increased our burnt percentage for the grass we also turned on drought and made the severity level 95. After we did all these things we saw that all the animals (tooru) we diminishing very quickly. We think this because there was no food for the animals so they died of starvation.I used the settings: Off show energy, 60 grass regrowth time, On fire stick farming, 70 percent burnt grass, On drought, drought severity level 30, 139 initial yernts, 87 initial toorus and 32 initial omosans. The Omosans died out first. The Yernt and Toorus eventually died as well due to lack of food. the change of the water that is used change the dirt and soil to test weather it improve the growth of the plants and vegetablesMy hypothesis is that it WAS the rain that affected the growth of the plants.Was it the rain that affected the growth of the plants or was it something else ?5p)T   8 c  i z 3 ^  >e<[z-F_x+;L]n<@task2_day6_228SCIH_760B2$ ;L]n<@task2_day6_218SCIH_750B2$ ;L]n<@task2_day6_208SCIH_740B2$ ;L]n<@task2_day6_198SCIH_730B2$ ;L]n<@task2_day6_188SCIH_720B2$ ;L]n<@task2_day6_178SCIH_710B2$ ;L]n<@task2_day6_168SCIH_720B2$ ;L]n<@task2_day6_158SCIH_768B2$ ;L]n<@task2_day6_148SCIH_735B2$ ;L]n<@task2_day6_138SCIH_712B2$ ;L]n<@task2_day6_128SCIH_779B2$ ;L]n<@task2_day6_118SCIH_782B2$ ;L]n<@task2_day6_108SCIH_727B2$ ;L]n<@task2_day6_98SCIH_718@0" ;L]n<@task2_day6_88SCIH_780@0" ;L]n<@task2_day6_78SCIH_754@0" ;L]n<@task2_day6_68SCIH_723@0" ;L]n<@task2_day6_58SCIH_790@0" ;L]n<@task2_day6_48SCIH_789@0" ;L]n<@task2_day6_38SCIH_743 A0" ;L]n<@task2_day6_28SCIH_723@0" ;L]n<@task2_day6_18SCIH_717@0" О<@task3_day4_28SCIH_9"@<0" О<@task3_day4_18SCIH_9@<0" )<@task2_day3_48SCIH_11>2" )<@task2_day3_38SCIH_11>2" )<@task2_day3_28SCIH_11|@ >2" )<@task2_day3_18SCIH_11Z@ >2" x<@task1_day4_18SCIH_6 @<0" TY<@task3_day4_28SCIH_6@<0" TY<@task3_day4_18SCIH_6,@<0" c/V1=@task1_day6_58SCIH_7@<0" c/V1=@task1_day6_48SCIH_7@<0" c/V1=@task1_day6_38SCIH_7@<0" c/V1=@task1_day6_28SCIH_7Same as the above ^^^ T0" c/V1=@task1_day6_18SCIH_7@<0"  <@task3_day3_18SCIH_14^@>2" DDD<@task3_day5_28SCIH_15IM DONE BYEEEEN2" DDD<@task3_day5_18SCIH_15I beg to differO2" <@task3_day5_28SCIH_7@<0" <@task3_day5_18SCIH_7@<0" ףp}<@task2_day4_58SCIH_9x@<0" ףp}<@task2_day4_48SCIH_9@<0" ףp}<@task2_day4_38SCIH_9@ <0" ףp}<@task2_day4_28SCIH_9@ <0" ףp}<@task2_day4_18SCIH_9@ <0" t@<@task2_day4_58SCIH_6B@ <0" t@<@task2_day4_48SCIH_6T@ <0" t@<@task2_day4_38SCIH_6z@<0" t@<@task2_day4_28SCIH_6d@<0" t@<@task2_day4_18SCIH_6@<0" QΠȯ<@task2_day5_18SCIH_7j@<0" 񖦯<@task2_day5_18SCIH_12b@>2" LVAL ( 0  therefore, fire engulfed the area therefore, maybe controlledbrunt patch in a circle and no other patchesEquipment: 5 living seedling of the plant that I'm trying to grow all a similar size A beaker A marker A ruler Method: 1. Place the 5 seedlings in the same place preferably in conditions like that of your farm. 2. Use the marker to label the plants from numer 1-5 3. Use the beaker to measure and give plant 1 10ml of water, plant 2 20ml, plant 3 30ml, plant 4 40ml and plant 5 50ml 4. repeat step 3 once a day for a week 5. Use the ruler to measure the heights of the seedlings. The highest and healthiest looking plant will have had the better amount of water 6. Use the results of this experiment and compare them to your last year findingsIs the salinity of the sea surrounding omosa changing? Equipment: A beaker an evaporating dish A tripod A gause 10 Samples of water from the exact same place of sea surrounding omosa taken regularly over a 5 year period Method: Is the volume of water in the lake declining? How old are the trees that are dying on Omosa Is the salinity of the sea around the Island changing? We measure how many animals have been killed over an amount of area. We should change the environment to a better area for the animals. If the situation is that the yernt have no water we think they die in large numbers Then the consequence is that the villagers will starve because they have no food to hunt. And the reason is that the drought is causing this. You get two yernt and you put one in a area with lots of water and and food and you put the other one with very little water and food and see which survives longer. this will prove that the drought is killing the yernt.there are many villagers living at the village The similarities are that the map is the same the AI is the same and that the fossil seems to be the same.LVAL  VXnd-place motion activated cameras around the bush to observe who comes in contact with itthe amount of water each plant getsIf the situation is the animals have no food and then the consequence is the grass decreases growth and the reason is the weather climate is more drierDoes the grass grow more better in different climates or with more water? testing if grass grows because of the additional rain and water Testing if water grows differently in different climates If the grass grows better with more waterHow much the plants grow with the different amounts of water being given to them.The amount of water being given to each plant.I think the amount of water given to the two plants will effect effect how much one or the other grows. I believe that the first pot (with the increased amount of water) will flourish more than the second pot.does the amount of water effect the growth of plantsThe additional rain on the farm caused the plants and crops to thrive, but now with less rain the plants are drying out and dying. My idea is to plant carrot seeds in two pots and store them in equal sunlight. I will water them every day with 100mls of water. However, for the first pot, I will add 100mls to the water to show results for additional rain.Effects of Water on Plant Growth Aim: To see whether rainfall effects the growth of plants. Materials: -two plants (of identical species) -two equal sized pots -soil (of the same type) -water -ruler Method: 1. Plant the plants in the pots with soil, making sure they are both identical. 2. Water one of the plants with water, but leave the other. 3. Measure the growth of each plants. 4. Repeat daily.aim to see how fast the deer and the tooru are dieing out. hypothesis: i think that the tooru are dyeing out because the grass is too dry to eatthe speed the deer and the troou are dieing out. the speed that the trees are growing. who dry is the grass in omosa. 94f}/ E ]  v ) B X n Gl#HT 8cA9<@task1_day4_48SCIL_12b@ >2" 9<@task1_day4_38SCIL_12@ >2" 9<@task1_day4_28SCIL_12l@ >2" 9<@task1_day4_18SCIL_12z@>2" q<@task3_day4_18SCIL_15@>2" v9<@task1_day4_18SCIL_8^@<0" B<@task2_day4_58SCIL_7X@<0" B<@task2_day4_48SCIL_7t@<0" B<@task2_day4_38SCIL_7@<0" B<@task2_day4_28SCIL_7@<0" B<@task2_day4_18SCIL_7@ <0" VJ<@task1_day4_18SCIL_2@<0" -1<@task3_day4_18SCIL_1v@<0" L<@task1_day3_28SCIL_3bla C0" ׍.<@task1_day4_18SCIL_6a>0" dҳ<@task1_day4_58SCIL_15the graases growthR2" dҳ<@task1_day4_48SCIL_15F@ >2" dҳ<@task1_day4_38SCIL_15.@ >2" dҳ<@task1_day4_28SCIL_15@ >2" dҳ<@task1_day4_18SCIL_15H@>2"  dz<@task1_day4_58SCIL_13@>2"  dz<@task1_day4_48SCIL_13\@>2"  dz<@task1_day4_38SCIL_13@>2"  dz<@task1_day4_28SCIL_13h@>2"  dz<@task1_day4_18SCIL_13@>2" [<@task1_day4_18SCIL_7j@<0" ;L]n<@task2_day6_488SCIH_7777C2$ ;L]n<@task2_day6_478SCIH_7666C2$ ;L]n<@task2_day6_468SCIH_7555C2$ ;L]n<@task2_day6_458SCIH_7444C2$ ;L]n<@task2_day6_448SCIH_7333C2$ ;L]n<@task2_day6_438SCIH_7222C2$ ;L]n<@task2_day6_428SCIH_7111C2$ ;L]n<@task2_day6_418SCIH_799B2$ ;L]n<@task2_day6_408SCIH_788B2$ ;L]n<@task2_day6_398SCIH_777B2$ ;L]n<@task2_day6_388SCIH_766B2$ ;L]n<@task2_day6_378SCIH_755B2$ ;L]n<@task2_day6_368SCIH_744B2$ ;L]n<@task2_day6_358SCIH_733B2$ ;L]n<@task2_day6_348SCIH_722B2$ ;L]n<@task2_day6_338SCIH_711B2$ ;L]n<@task2_day6_328SCIH_7160C2$ ;L]n<@task2_day6_318SCIH_7150C2$ ;L]n<@task2_day6_308SCIH_7140C2$ ;L]n<@task2_day6_298SCIH_7130C2$ ;L]n<@task2_day6_288SCIH_7120C2$ ;L]n<@task2_day6_278SCIH_7110C2$ ;L]n<@task2_day6_268SCIH_7100C2$ ;L]n<@task2_day6_258SCIH_790B2$ ;L]n<@task2_day6_248SCIH_780B2$ ;L]n<@task2_day6_238SCIH_770B2$ LVAL f  Z$8:`DIf the situation is the geebung trees' are losing then the consequence is they will die out and the reason is because the deers are eating it.Did the deers ate the geebung trees' leaves?To find out if the geebung trees' leaves are eaten by the leaves.We will Measure how well the crops do by measuring the growth in millimeters. We will change the amount of artificial rainfall.I think that if there is more rainfall the crops will flourish! Does additional rain affect the growth of the crops? our farm's crops are not as healthy as last year. We think this is due to the additional rainfall last year. We are worried that our farm will not thrive and therefoer we will be ruined. is the weather/climate affecting the enviroment? Why is the yernt population decreasing? Aim: To see if plants grow better with higher water supply. Materials: Method: 1) Fill up containers with soil and place plants in soil. 2) Supply one plant with any amount of water and double that for the other plant. 3) Repeat step 2 every day for 2 weeks. 4) Record how high the plant has grownWhich plants are eaten the most be the deer.We will change which plants are left near the deer 'herd'.If the situation is that deer eat the Geebung trees, then the consequence is that Geebung trees will be eaten regulary by the deers and the reason is because the deer enjoy the taste of Geebung trees and they supply the necessary nutrients.To see whether deer are eating the Geebung trees in the national park.Growth by Water Materials; Two plants (same species) 1 glass Water 2 pots Soil Ruler Stopwatch Method; 1. Plant the plants in the pots with equal amounts of soil distributed. 2. Fill the glass with the water. 3. Pour the water into one of the pots. 4. Using stopwatch, wait one hour. 5. Record your findings. 1.removing the natives and seeing if the animals come back 2.Put in some different plants and see if they work 3.Follow the Yernt and see if there is another cause of them dying outI5p)< a  = b l # J  o8_=b@k$OmF<@task2_day4_58SCIL_5<0" mF<@task2_day4_48SCIL_5<0" mF<@task2_day4_38SCIL_5<0" mF<@task2_day4_28SCIL_5t@ <0" mF<@task2_day4_18SCIL_5@ <0" y@<@task2_day4_58SCIL_2Z@ <0" y@<@task2_day4_48SCIL_2@<0" y@<@task2_day4_38SCIL_2$@<0" y@<@task2_day4_28SCIL_2j@<0" y@<@task2_day4_18SCIL_2z@<0" q<@task3_day4_28SCIL_15@>2" -<@task2_day4_58SCIL_11t@>2" -<@task2_day4_48SCIL_11v@>2" -<@task2_day4_38SCIL_11@>2" -<@task2_day4_28SCIL_11l@>2" -<@task2_day4_18SCIL_11B@ >2" E.<@task3_day3_18SCIL_6^@ <0" 4<@task2_day4_58SCIL_13@>2" 4<@task2_day4_48SCIL_13>2" 4<@task2_day4_38SCIL_13@>2" 4<@task2_day4_28SCIL_13~@>2" 4<@task2_day4_18SCIL_13@>2" <@task1_day4_18SCIL_4@<0" Π<@task3_day4_28SCIL_7@<0" Π<@task3_day4_18SCIL_7@<0" S<@task1_day4_58SCIL_10@>2" S<@task1_day4_48SCIL_10Area(sunlit and sink)U2" S<@task1_day4_38SCIL_10@>2" S<@task1_day4_28SCIL_10 @>2" S<@task1_day4_18SCIL_10x@>2" <@task1_day4_18SCIL_1 @<0" %<@task2_day4_58SCIL_15@>2" %<@task2_day4_48SCIL_15@ >2" %<@task2_day4_38SCIL_15@ >2" %<@task2_day4_28SCIL_15@ >2" %<@task2_day4_18SCIL_15@ >2" Pϳ<@task1_day4_18SCIL_5Design your experiment hereY0" AQ<@task2_day4_58SCIL_12N@ >2" AQ<@task2_day4_48SCIL_12@>2" AQ<@task2_day4_38SCIL_12|@>2" AQ<@task2_day4_28SCIL_12L@>2" AQ<@task2_day4_18SCIL_12L@>2" <@task1_day4_58SCIL_11J@>2" <@task1_day4_48SCIL_11@>2" <@task1_day4_38SCIL_11@>2" <@task1_day4_28SCIL_11@>2" <@task1_day4_18SCIL_11@>2" z*0<@task2_day4_58SCIL_6Number of leavesN0" z*0<@task2_day4_48SCIL_6deerB0" z*0<@task2_day4_38SCIL_6@<0" z*0<@task2_day4_28SCIL_6X@<0" z*0<@task2_day4_18SCIL_6@ <0" 9<@task1_day4_58SCIL_12@ >2" LVALb p &  > P Aim:To see if the affect of dry weather adds negative changes to the plant compared to rainy weather. Equipment: -Two potted plant[each the same(same age, same type)} - sink - sun lit area Method: - place on potted plant in sun lit area while the other in a sink - Allow tap to drip some water in the plant - Wait for a months or so - Observe results snd recird results - Two potted plants - Rainy area - Sun lit area - SinkAim: To find the farm's productivity and to discover what helps the plants to grow Materials: 1x Test tube Method:1.Record a sample of dirt and test its moisture level.2. Repeat this process for a year.3. record your findings in a table. Conclusion: The dependent variable is whether the Geebung tree growth increasesThe independent variable is changing the place where the Geebung trees leavesIf the situation is the Geebung tree is dying then the consequence is the trees go extinct and the reason is the deers are eating them.Are the Geebung tree leaves dying due to weather or deers eating them?Test if the deers eat the Geebung tree leaves Test is the Geebung trees are just dying due to weather or other thingsWe will measure how well the trees growWe will change if there are deer in a certain area of Geebung treesIt think that the geebung trees are getting eaten by the deer Do the geebung trees get eaten by deerGeebung trees get eaten by local deer.The dependent variable is the plants.The independent variable is the amount of water that the plants are provided.We think that the additional water will help to make the plants grow faster during the drought.Will additional water help to make the plants grow faster during the drought? The idea that we have is to provide the garden with extra water so that the plants will grow as they did during the rainy season. Our experiment would be to observe plants with and without additional water.LVAL l   flz8To keep the geebung trees safe by watering it and fertilising it. We could also remove the deer from the are for one week and see if the amount of leaves change.1. There is a fossil of a large mammal beside the lake bed. 2. There are dead trees around the patch and there are clumps of dry spinifex grass. 3. Tooru relies on yernts. 4. Less rainfall may cause plants to die. 5. Controlled fire like the Aborigines can develop the plants/crops in a better way. We measure the healthiness of the tree to see if the deer are eating them.Looking at the evidence, I do believe that the deer are eating the geebung trees.To find out if deer are eating the leaves of the geebung trees.Find two geebung trees with deer living near them and monitor them daily to see if they are eating the trees.aim: to test if rain water changes growth rate of plants. materials: plants, rain water. method: 1. place two freshly planted seeds in sun. 2. water one plant with 500mls of rain water. 3. record the growth in centimeters of the two plants every week for 1 month. compare results of the growth of the plants after experiment has ended. Spinifex Grows after Burning Aim:To see whether the spinifex grass grows easier after a burning. Materials: -2 2x2m bush space. -Spinifex grass seeds. -a flamethrower -ruler Method: 1.Plant the spinifex grass seeds around each bush space. 2.Burn one of the bush spaces with the flamethrower. 3.Measure the growth of the spinifex seeds daily, for a month.1.To see whether the Tooru is overeating the Yernt, and reducing the population. 2.To see whether the spinifex grass grows easier after a burning. 3.To see whether the drought is effecting population numbers of the animals.The difference between each area in where the plant pots are placed.I predict that the experiment will show that the rain does take effect to the plants health and way of development, meaning that the dry sunny weather most probably causes negative effects to the plant.LVAL " . P D"*~,1. Remove the natives from omosa for a week. 2.If you can see numbers increasing then you know that the natives are the problem 3.Record resultsI think the animal will eat the plant because animals eat plants if they are herbivores or omnivoresTo put animal in confined space with plant and other plants and see if they eat the plant. Another animal in another room with the same other plants and se if they eat the plantTo get animal and see if it eat the plantwe change the place where the plants are being grownIf the situation is true then the consequence is extermination and the reason is yoloThis experiment will be tedious and take a long time but it will be worth it.Yeernt Dying You could count the amount of yernt every day and record the results in an area with or without dry grass. - Salinity of river water - Yernt dying - tree growth - soil density - soil drynessTo work out why the Geebung Trees are losing their leaves?We believe that if you remove the deer from the area for a week and see if the trees lose the same amount of leaves. Or we can pick up leaves from the trees and place them in an enclosure with the deer and observe. We measure how quickly the deer eats he tree.If the deer does eat the tree within a short timeframe, we will move the deer from the trees.I believe that the deer will eat the geebung tree, as it is its only food source. However, I don't believe the deers are eating the geebung trees.To find out if the deer are eating the geebung trees.Put a deer into captivity. Feed the deer one geebung tree. 'Why is the weather/climate affecting the envioment Testing which conditions affects omosa the most Why there is a water decrease? The dependent variable is the leaves on the Geebung trees.The independent variable is the amount of deer in the area.We think that the deer are eating the leaves from the Geebung trees.Are the deer eating the leaves from the Geebung trees?<5n'9 | 5 K d  B i " Mv-Xm&Q |5`D8&^<@task1_day6_4mtaylor<0" c<@task2_day5_18SCIL_14 @>2" Of<@task3_day4_28SCIL_4<0" Of<@task3_day4_18SCIL_4@<0" + x<@task2_day4_58SCIL_4<0" + x<@task2_day4_48SCIL_4<0" + x<@task2_day4_38SCIL_4@<0" + x<@task2_day4_28SCIL_4l@ <0" + x<@task2_day4_18SCIL_4@ <0" Ɲ N<@task3_day3_18SCIL_3^@ <0" mӆ<@task2_day4_58SCIL_9^@ <0" mӆ<@task2_day4_48SCIL_9B@<0" mӆ<@task2_day4_38SCIL_9@<0" mӆ<@task2_day4_28SCIL_9@<0" mӆ<@task2_day4_18SCIL_9@<0" H<@task2_day3_48SCIL_3<0" H<@task2_day3_38SCIL_3<0" H<@task2_day3_28SCIL_3<0" H<@task2_day3_18SCIL_3burn out, camp fire R0" +G<@task3_day4_28SCIL_5<0" +G<@task3_day4_18SCIL_5<0" !8<@task3_day4_28SCIL_8@<0" !8<@task3_day4_18SCIL_8@<0" Z<@task3_day4_28SCIL_11T@>2" Z<@task3_day4_18SCIL_11@>2" |@<@task3_day4_28SCIL_2@<0" |@<@task3_day4_18SCIL_2@ <0" }<@task1_day4_58SCIL_9@ <0" }<@task1_day4_48SCIL_9@<0" }<@task1_day4_38SCIL_9~@<0" }<@task1_day4_28SCIL_9@<0" }<@task1_day4_18SCIL_9@<0" Bp<@task2_day4_58SCIL_10\@>2" Bp<@task2_day4_48SCIL_10`@>2" Bp<@task2_day4_38SCIL_10@>2" Bp<@task2_day4_28SCIL_10@>2" Bp<@task2_day4_18SCIL_10@>2" Of1<@task3_day4_28SCIL_6<0" Of1<@task3_day4_18SCIL_6<0" -1<@task3_day4_28SCIL_1$@<0"  YJ<@task2_day4_58SCIL_8The plants eatenN0"  YJ<@task2_day4_48SCIL_8The types of plantsQ0"  YJ<@task2_day4_38SCIL_8@<0"  YJ<@task2_day4_28SCIL_8d@<0"  YJ<@task2_day4_18SCIL_8R@<0" L<@task1_day3_18SCIL_3animal heads and a roofU0" i<@task2_day4_58SCIL_1the type of the treeR0" i<@task2_day4_48SCIL_1h@<0" i<@task2_day4_38SCIL_1@<0" i<@task2_day4_28SCIL_1why are the trees dyingU0" i<@task2_day4_18SCIL_1@<0" ųQ<@task3_day4_28SCIL_12@ >2" ųQ<@task3_day4_18SCIL_12@ >2" :LVAL | B <H.B^1. To find out if the native animals are suffering because of a drought. 2. To see if the carnivorous species are eating too many herbivores and upsetting the food chain. 3. To see if spinifex grass grows best around previously burnt areas.We measure the amount of rainfall the crops have been receiving, and also the amount of water we are giving the crops.We can change the amount water we can give the crops - increasing the amounts.If the situation is that the crops were growing well last year due to a lot of rainwater, and that this year they are not growing well at all, which must mean that the reason is because they are not receiving much rainwater. We can solve this by trying to give the crops larger amounts of water to see a better resultIf the farm is properly taken care of, will the crops grow as well as they did last year, even without as much rainwater?- Organise more sessions for watering crops - Make sure that soil is fertile and ready for planting crops in before doing so - The soil quality may have been better last year, so that might be one of the reasons that the crops were growing well - Use good quality mulch and other products for your soil - Always make sure that the crops are getting the necessary amount of water The effect the deer does to the geebung trees.Area between inhabited deer and isolated area. I predict that the deers have affect of the damage on the geebung trees.Aim: To see whether the deers have an impact on the damaging of the geebung trees in the area Equipment: - Recording cameras - Deer - Isolated area within the park - One geebung tree Method: 1. Place recording cameras around area beforehand. 2. Bring in the deer in the isolated park area with single geebung bush. 3. Allow recording to begin. 4. Wait after a week and observe results through recording camera 5. Record results and compare to geebung tree that is not inhabitated with deers.- Isolated area with recording camera, one geebung tree and deer LVAL  dr2HTo see if the deer are eating the geebung tree leaves.set up geebung tree in small area to see if deer eat them, set up another tree in a area where the deer can't reach, come back in one week to compare if the leaves in the deer area have been eaten. there are a wheater station and hunting groundsWe will see the trees improving their conditionWe change the habitat of the deerThe situation is that the geebung leaves are losing their leaves and dying out due to the deer eating them. If the deer are placed in a different habitat with different food, this will help the trees recover.If the deer are placed in an alternative habitat with a different food source, will this impact well on the geebung trees- It may be other animals that are demolishing the trees, not just the deer - If the deer is a threat to the trees, there may be an alternative habitat to place them (one with no geebung trees) 3) To observe the drought/weather conditions (i.e. abiotic factors) and their impact on the Yernt. 1) To observe how many Yernt die every day. 2) To observe the actions of the Omosan natives and the Toorus (i.e. biotic factors) and their impact on the Yernt. 3) To observe the drought/weather conditions (i.e. abiotic factors) and their impact on the Yernt.'Create farms in other areas to see if the plants grow faster.' We could create farms in three other areas in Omosa and discover which area makes the plants grow fastest.Run a experiment on the fresh produce in the land. Test the Yernt in other areas in Omosa to see if they can survive. Create farms in other ares to see if the plants grow faster. Test to see why the population of Yernt is decreasing quickly. Spinifex Grass Growth Materials; Spinifex seeds. 2 small free patches of grass. Matches. Method; 1. Set fire to 1 of the patches of grass. 2. Plant half of the seeds in burnt patch, and half near the non-burnt patch. 3. Wait and record findings.LVAL4"  The netlogo model is more 2d and shows more information whilst the virtual world omosa is more dimensional and 3d.1. To see if rainfall and dry weather has effect on the Yernt. 2. To see if technology can observe and give detail about soil better than human contact. 3. To see which type of vegetation can grow the best in different areas.I used all the settings to maximum and tried it numerous times. In fact, I played with it using different independent variables different times. The results are different every time since the quantities of the independent variables are different each time. I realized that when we used all the settings, it is usually the Omosans and there are rarely any grass left. Therefore, tooru and yernts would die out soon in Omosa!Title- Crops with water or without Aim- To see if crops would grow better in rainy weather or dry weather Method-1.Take two of the same crops from each farm 2. Place one of them in a place where the climate is more wet then dry, thus a rainy environment 3.Place the other in a dry climate without a lot of rain 4. After 3 weeks check the two crops and determine which one has grown better The Settings I Used Were: -Grass Regrowth: 75 -Fire Stick Farming: On -Percentage Burnt Grass: 15 -Drought: On -Drought Severity: 75 - It is clear in our simulations that the numbers of Yernt are affected by the amount of Toorus, Omosans, the Grass Regrowth Time and the percentage of burnt land during fire stick farming This created an equilibrium and did not change.place the Yernt in a different area to see if the Yernt would survive in the area test to see if fire farming would increase the production of Spinifix grass test if the trees are growing properly,if not they could be affecting the soil which is growing the grassIf the situation is that the tree leaves are being eaten by the deer, i think that the trees will die.85rA l % L  w 0 W  ~ 5 CU ~Gr+|5`@wz,=@task2_day5_18SCIL_4@<0" <@task2_day5_18SCIL_12@>2" Y<@task3_day5_28SCIL_108@>2" Y<@task3_day5_18SCIL_10n@ >2" f[<@task3_day5_28SCIL_12@ <0" f[<@task3_day5_18SCIL_1@ <0" { <@task3_day5_28SCIL_7l@ <0" { <@task3_day5_18SCIL_7@<0" (}<@task2_day5_18SCIL_9@<0" 0<@task2_day4_58SCIL_3X@<0" 0<@task2_day4_48SCIL_3!-Fence -No animals, animals ]0" 0<@task2_day4_38SCIL_3@<0" 0<@task2_day4_28SCIL_3@<0" 0<@task2_day4_18SCIL_3R@<0" :mS,=@task1_day6_58SCIL_6~@<0" :mS,=@task1_day6_48SCIL_6@<0" :mS,=@task1_day6_38SCIL_6r@<0" :mS,=@task1_day6_28SCIL_6@<0" :mS,=@task1_day6_18SCIL_6@<0" ]y@2,=@task3_day5_28SCIL_2-animals -how they die W0" ]y@2,=@task3_day5_18SCIL_2@ <0" >T<@task2_day5_18SCIL_2@<0" ߼<@task2_day5_18SCIL_11&@>2"  <@task2_day5_18SCIL_1@<0" q'<@task2_day5_18SCIL_7@ <0" lUJ,=@task1_day6_58SCIL_15The animal populationU2" lUJ,=@task1_day6_48SCIL_15The hunting practicesU2" lUJ,=@task1_day6_38SCIL_15h@>2" lUJ,=@task1_day6_28SCIL_15|@ >2" lUJ,=@task1_day6_18SCIL_15|@>2"  <@task2_day5_18SCIL_15@>2" lU<@task2_day5_18SCIL_10 @>2" j<@task3_day5_28SCIL_5@<0" j<@task3_day5_18SCIL_5R@<0" ~<@task3_day5_28SCIL_15@>2" ~<@task3_day5_18SCIL_15@>2" |j<@task3_day5_28SCIL_6@<0" |j<@task3_day5_18SCIL_66@<0" <@task3_day4_28SCIL_9H@<0" <@task3_day4_18SCIL_9h@<0" DOf<@task3_day4_28SCIL_106@>2" DOf<@task3_day4_18SCIL_10@>2" <@task2_day5_18SCIL_6V@<0" ݝ<@task1_day4_18SCIL_3*@<0" P<@task1_day4_5mtaylor<0" P<@task1_day4_4mtaylor<0" P<@task1_day4_3mtaylor<0" P<@task1_day4_2mtaylor<0" P<@task1_day4_1mtaylorgfdgdfD0" 8&^<@task1_day6_5mtaylor<0" 8&^<@task1_day6_1mtaylor fdfdfdfdsfdI0" 8&^<@task1_day6_2mtaylor<0" 8&^<@task1_day6_3mtaylor<0" >LVAL b |`d-speed -graphics -yernts bunch up in netlogo, spread in virtual world -toorus in pairs in virtual world, bunch in netlogo -when we turned on Osmosans and drought, everything died off within 387 ticks. to investigate whether hunting practices are affecting animalshunting practices that are affecting the population of animalsThe Omosans have no effect on the animals in both the virtual and Netlogo world. In the Netlogo version it confines all of the factors to the one area where as in the virtual world of Omosa all of the biotic factors are spread out across the planet. Both are on the facts of grass,yernt population, tooru population, and they both have information on omosa. All the features are the same, for instance, the animals (tooru and yernts), grass, drought,controlled bush fire, Omasans and other features. In the Netlogo model the features are two dimensional and icons/symbols however the features in the Omosa world are more detailed and in three dimensional.1. Record the amount of rainfall for 1 year and look at the most dry months 2. Record the number of yernt to see if they had enough grass to eat and the grass would only grow if the soil quality was good. 3. Compare and contrast the soil quality with the amount of rainfall in the month. - Does the amount of rainfall received impact the quality of soil on omosa - We could test to see if the grass is a major factor in the yernts life - We could test how much the natives rely on the meat of the yernt and tooru by taking them out of the equation and leaving only crops and vegetarian options.Title: Growth Aim: To see which type of vegetation grows best in different terrain. Equipment: - Different types of vegetation - Soils from different areas Method: 1. Place each vegetation in different soils 2. Water daily 3. After a months or so, observe vegetation's growth and health 4. Record results and compare 5. Repeat all steps by various switches of different vegetation in different soilstLVAL x f@J^Is the interaction of drought, fire-sticking and hunting effecting the populaton of toorus and yernts?To find out if the interaction of drought, fire-sticking and hunting is effecting the population of toorus and yernts.Initial Yernts-119 Fire-Stick Farming On % Burnt Grass-17% Drought Off Toorus Off Omosans Off The yernt population and the grass per 4 were almost completely opposite. If the grass increased, the yernt population would decrease and vice-versa.The settings that we used where the Yernt and Tooru sliders, and the drought settings. With the drought on, the grass does not regrow fast enough for the Yernt to eat, causing their population to decrease quickly. With less Yernt, the Tooru have less to eat and their population decreases as well. From this we can see that the drought is the main factor in the decrease in animal species' population. Without the presence of the omosans the ecosystem is more stable and can rely on itself. Once the omosans are added they kill in large numbers and drive all species to extinction. Fire stick farming killed everything and the drought also needed to be removed. If the situation is the animals population has decreased due to hunting practices then the consequence is animal are dying and the reason is the hinting practices are not safe. The both popultions end up dying an the grass increasing. When the grass is being eaten , by the yernt and tooru the grass decreases therefore the the food also decreases for the animals and so the population starts to die out and later the grass amount increases.- Setup: Added more Omosans. The addition of more than 30 Omosans causes the huge decrease in the Yernt's and Tooru's population. - Setup: Increase in Yernt by 100, increase in droughts, increase in grasses and switch the population of Omosans to 0. The Yernt had a sudden increase then it dramatically decreased and it kept on changing while the population of Tooru slowly increased. *LVAL . .T*Netlogo provides a surprisingly accurate model of the world *Netlogo takes into account of all the factorsThe animals in Netlogo are 2D while the animals in the virtual world are 3D. The animals in The Omosans world can be interacted while in the Netlogo the animals can be only observed. The toruus hunt the yernt. The yernt rely on grass and toruu to kepp the population at a stable number. When the Omosans are added they kill everything.The omosans have more awareness of the ecosystem in the game but in the simulation they are destructive. -the fact that Yernt get eaten by Toorus and Osmosans.in the NetLogo model, the Yernt AI is basic and does not factor in many variables such as, water levels, terrain types, etc. -The Osmosans in the NetLogo model are more ruthless, and live to kill Yernt, while in the game they act more sustainablyWe found out that the number of yernt is effected by the amount of grass, the speed of the regrowth of the grass, the drought and the burned areas on omosa. We found that the number of Tooru was effected by the number of yernt and the amount of food for the yernt so they can keep reproducing and creating more yernt for the tooru.-Tree growth -Type of trees -Type of soilThe Geebung trees without deers in the fence will grow in a better way without any damageDo deers affect the growth of Geebubg trees in a public environment.This is what we want to do and our ideas for this experiment here is how we want to do it 1. Construct a fence between the Geebung Trees. 2.Place the deers in one of the areas 3.Do not place the deers in the other 4.After a period of 1-6 months determine if the Geebung trees have changed Population of toorus, Omosans and yernts. Percentage of grass.percent-burned grass drought severity level initial numbers of OmosansIf the population of yernts and toorus is decreasing then the consequence is the unbalanced ecosystem and the reason is because of the interaction of drought, fire-sticking and hunting.>LVAL 4  f||< 4l- Film plants - Animal traps/poison - Plant more of the same plants somewhere else - Monitor deerhow many of the new trees are eaten instead of the geebung treewe will change the type of trees in the park.I think that if we plant the deer's favourite food then the deer will not eat the geebung trees anymore. plant many of the deers food and test if the deer is less interested in the geebung treeWe could plant more trees that the deer would prefer and let the deer eat them instead.we will measure how fast the plants grow, their height and how much they produce.we will change the soil, amount of sunlight per day, time in rain, temperature.I think that plants will grow faster when they are taken care of and given more attention rather than letting them grow by themselves and letting the rain water them.why do plants grow faster during rainy seasons and grow and produce less in drier seasons?plants could be stored in a modified environment such as a greenhouse and could be watered often and in good amounts.If you leave the default settings, and change omosans to on, fire-stick farming to off and drought to off then the population thrives. Hence, the drought needs to stop but the omosans also have to change their actions.*The animals are confined to one small space in the Netlogo *The grass regen time may not be accurate *Other things may not be accurateI slightly decreased the amount of yernt, tooru, burnt grass and drought severity and added 10 omosans. the tooru population slowly increased and the other are decreasing and increasing at a stable rateWhen we added fire stick farming there were less yeernt in gereral but the numbers stayed in equiblrium. The same happenened with a low level of osmosans. When there were more osmosans all of the animals died. When the drought was added, all animals died. Both animals can be only used in a computer. The Yernt's population is also the main problem and many scientists are researching about their disappearance. C5r+P u , Q  v - V  : a#Hm$Ir+Pm&+%ʙ.=@task1_day6_18SCIL_12"Drought may affect the Yeernt `2" ]y@2,=@task3_day5_28SCIL_9@<0" ]y@2,=@task3_day5_18SCIL_9@<0" >^,=@task3_day5_28SCIL_13P@>2" >^,=@task3_day5_18SCIL_13 landscpeH2" u#,=@task3_day5_28SCIL_11j@>2" u#,=@task3_day5_18SCIL_11`@>2" .?<@task3_day4_28SCIH_13>2" m<@task2_day5_18SCIH_8@<0" i<@task3_day5_28SCIH_2@<0" i<@task3_day5_18SCIH_2@<0" =?<@task2_day4_28SCIH_13>2" =?<@task2_day4_18SCIH_13>2" '<@task1_day4_58SCIH_13>2" =?<@task2_day4_38SCIH_13>2" '<@task1_day4_48SCIH_13>2" =?<@task2_day4_48SCIH_13>2" '<@task1_day4_38SCIH_13>2" .?<@task3_day4_18SCIH_13>2" =?<@task2_day4_58SCIH_13>2" '<@task1_day4_28SCIH_13>2" '<@task1_day4_18SCIH_13@>2" R<@task3_day5_28SCIH_9"the game mostly focused on omosa^0" R<@task3_day5_18SCIH_9@ <0" (<@task2_day5_18SCIH_9@ <0" -<@task2_day5_18SCIH_2d@<0" )gP<@task3_day4_28SCIH_11:@>2" )gP<@task3_day4_18SCIH_11@>2" <@task2_day4_58SCIH_4@<0" <@task2_day4_48SCIH_4`@<0" <@task2_day4_38SCIH_4&@<0" <@task2_day4_28SCIH_4@<0" <@task2_day4_18SCIH_4@<0" o^<@task3_day6_18SCIH_7r@<0" ĉ<@task1_day4_18SCIH_48@<0" = ף<@task2_day4_58SCIH_11~@>2" = ף<@task2_day4_48SCIH_11Z@ >2" = ף<@task2_day4_38SCIH_11@ >2" = ף<@task2_day4_28SCIH_11@ >2" = ף<@task2_day4_18SCIH_11@ >2" $\y<@task2_day4_58SCIH_14>2" $\y<@task2_day4_48SCIH_14>2" $\y<@task2_day4_38SCIH_14>2" $\y<@task2_day4_28SCIH_14>2" $\y<@task2_day4_18SCIH_14>2" G;v<@task1_day4_58SCIH_11@ >2" G;v<@task1_day4_48SCIH_11@>2" G;v<@task1_day4_38SCIH_11L@>2" G;v<@task1_day4_28SCIH_11@>2" G;v<@task1_day4_18SCIH_11@>2" 8&^,=@task2_day5_18SCIL_8@<0" # ^,=@task3_day5_28SCIL_8@ <0" # ^,=@task3_day5_18SCIL_8@<0" LVAL V BDTthe other game is pixlated and not as good graphics (not saying the omosa dose either). i increased the amount of grass in the land and lowered the amount of drouth and fire and decreased the human populationFire-stick-farming on Percent Burned grass 63 Drought on Drought severity level 23 Initial number yernts 125 Initial number tooru 178 Omosan on Initial number omosans 52 we could stand on the top of the mountain and watch the animals fly :) I think we will see 2-5 flying animals today. we will change nothing for this experiment because nothing needs to be changed. we will measure the amount of flying animals LET THE FLYING ANIMALS BEGIN 1.how fast do are the yernt dying out 2.How many flying animals we see in one day 3.how many random firesWe will watch the video and find out if they eat the leaves or not.We will not change anything on purpose because we want to make sure that the deer feel like they are in their natural habitat so they do the same thing as they will usually do.If we monitor the plants using a camera for a certain amount of time, we will see that the deer eat the leaves because we will have video evidence.Is the cause of the Geebung trees losing their leaves deer eating them?Yernt population for run 1 + Yernt population for run 2 + yernt population for run 3 Yernt population for run 1 =17 yernt population for run 2 =38 + yernt population for run3 = 29 Aim: to find out whether the plants grew better because of the water they were getting. epuiptment: -plants - water Hypothesis: I think that they plants will grow better because of the amount of water they get. steps: 1) Put two small plants in the same area, which provides the same amount of sun. 2) Water one plant on the days it rains outside and the other every day. 3) Check on the plants improvement daily. 4) After two weeks, check which one of the plants have grown more. LVAL~  H Zt0Jv.If the fire stick farming occurs then the Yernt population will continue to decline, we believe this is because the Yernts food source is cut out of the ecosystem. Which factor causes greater decline in the population of Yernt?We believe that there is an interaction between all of the factors is the cause of the Yernts decline in population. We also believe that the hunting is the smallest factor towards this results. If we use the Netlogo to move the sliders and watch the affect it takes we can work out our resolution. We will measure how many yeernt there are at the end of the experimentWe will change if the drought happerns or notI think that the drought is causing the decline of the yeernt, because it is causing the grass the dry outIs the drought that's causing the decline of the yeernt?Same answer you cant define differences and similarities because one of the worlds is unchangeable and the other isYou can change the world in netlogo and you cant change the world in omosa so really you cant actually define any differences or similarities because in one world you cant change it and in the other you can The roles of the animals are the same The Yernt consume the grass. The tooru eat the yernt.The grass regrows faster in the Netlogo model. We the grass regrowth speed 100 with no fire stick farming and no grass burned. The initial amount of yernts were 250 and the initial amount of toorus were 100. This made the world last for a very long time. Some similarities are that there is a lot of animals and that there are is a lot of grass land like in omosa.Some differences are that in omosa it is set up properly in 3D. There is also a lot more grass in omosa then in net logo.Create a room and put some plants in there. collect some water and put spraying pipes on the ceiling. Spray the water so it is like it is raining. You could then collect data to see the results!5n%N y 0 U ~ 7 G r + 9^5BgCb6Ǜ.=@task2_day6_188SCIL_12309E4$ Ǜ.=@task2_day6_178SCIL_120B4$ Ǜ.=@task2_day6_168SCIL_12@4$ Ǜ.=@task2_day6_158SCIL_12@4$ Ǜ.=@task2_day6_148SCIL_12@4$ Ǜ.=@task2_day6_138SCIL_12@4$ Ǜ.=@task2_day6_128SCIL_12@4$ Ǜ.=@task2_day6_118SCIL_12@4$ Ǜ.=@task2_day6_108SCIL_12@4$ Ǜ.=@task2_day6_98SCIL_12>2" Ǜ.=@task2_day6_88SCIL_12>2" Ǜ.=@task2_day6_78SCIL_12>2" Ǜ.=@task2_day6_68SCIL_12>2" Ǜ.=@task2_day6_58SCIL_12>2" Ǜ.=@task2_day6_48SCIL_12>2" Ǜ.=@task2_day6_38SCIL_12>2" Ǜ.=@task2_day6_28SCIL_12>2" Ǜ.=@task2_day6_18SCIL_12>2" bp,=@task1_day6_58SCIL_2Whether the yernt sufferV0" bp,=@task1_day6_48SCIL_2 The climateI0" bp,=@task1_day6_38SCIL_2@<0" bp,=@task1_day6_28SCIL_2l@<0" bp,=@task1_day6_18SCIL_2L@<0" ^M2" ^M2" ^M2" ^M2" ^M2" )QΠ,=@task1_day6_58SCIL_9The number of the yerntU0" )QΠ,=@task1_day6_48SCIL_9D@<0" )QΠ,=@task1_day6_38SCIL_9@<0" )QΠ,=@task1_day6_28SCIL_9@ <0" )QΠ,=@task1_day6_18SCIL_9@ <0" *;L],=@task2_day5_18SCIL_13@ >2" kL,=@task1_day6_58SCIL_1The amount of the YerntU0" kL,=@task1_day6_48SCIL_1B@ <0" kL,=@task1_day6_38SCIL_1@ <0" kL,=@task1_day6_28SCIL_1~@<0" kL,=@task1_day6_18SCIL_1@<0" w8L=@task1_day6_58SCIL_11^@>2" w8L=@task1_day6_48SCIL_11@>2" w8L=@task1_day6_38SCIL_11@>2" w8L=@task1_day6_28SCIL_11@>2" w8L=@task1_day6_18SCIL_11@>2" MRL=@task1_day6_58SCIL_5@<0" MRL=@task1_day6_48SCIL_5@<0" MRL=@task1_day6_38SCIL_5H@<0" MRL=@task1_day6_28SCIL_5~@<0" MRL=@task1_day6_18SCIL_5V@ <0" +%ʙ.=@task1_day6_58SCIL_12@ >2" +%ʙ.=@task1_day6_48SCIL_12Z@ >2" +%ʙ.=@task1_day6_38SCIL_12@ >2" +%ʙ.=@task1_day6_28SCIL_12p@ >2" LVALL  4 P V  n0~to see whether yernt are dying out because of droughtsThe dependent variable would be the population of the Yernt.The independent variable would be that the number of fire stick farming.I think that the fire stick farming does cause the decline in the Yernt's population.To see if the fire the stick farming does cause the decline in the Yernt's population.Its it likely to be the fire stick farming that is causing the decline of the Yernt.The amount of hunting of the yerntI predict that it will be a combination of all three factors. The fire stick farming, the drought and the huntingIs it likely to be the hunting practices of the Omosans that are causing the decline of the yernt?- It is highly unlikely that the hunting practices are causing the decline of the yernt as omosa is currently experiencing a drought - The grass is drying out and that is the yernt's main food supplyincreasing the amount of yernt would still sustain the number drought causes all numbers to declineThe fire stick farming happening Fire stick farming is affecting the the overall population of the Yernt and soon there will be none leftTo find if fire stick farming is affecting the amount of YerntsThis experiment will test if the fire stick farming is killing of the Yernt. The experiment will come out as predicted The dependent variable is the Yernt population.The independent variable is the hunting practices during the month.We think that the Omosan's hunting practices are not the main cause of the decline in Yernt population.Are the Omosan's hunting practices the main cause for the decline in Yernt population.Our experiment is to stop the hunting practices for one month and see if the Yernt population still declines quickly.The dependent variable is the population of the Yernt after we have changed these factors.The independent variable is the use of fire stick farming, affects of drought and hunting.LVAL V J <JR309+132+126+68 divided by 4= mean value is 158.75 We think that the combination of these factors is causing the Yernt to die out because on the previious NetLogo simulation the Yernt and Tooru could only thrive if the drought and fire stick farming were off.Is there an interaction between drought, fire-stick farming and hunting that is causing the decline of the Yernt? *Run some simulations on NetLogo *Combine all the factorsThe amount of the yernt at the end of the experimentI think that the drought is causing the yernt to die out. this is because low water levels are causing the growth of grass to slow down.To see if the drought is causing the yernt numbers to declineIncrease the drought severity and see how long the animals can sustain themselves.The settings that we used to disturb the equilibrium were lowering the number of Yernt,keeping the number of Tooru the same, turning on the drought, we lowered the percentage of burnt grass and the drought severity level Then we increased the number of omosans. The result of this was the omosans, yernt and toorus went extinct however the grass still stayed at a normal level.The amount of yernts dyeing from fire-stick farming.The amount of fire-stick farming that has been done.If the situation is if fire-stick farming is causing the decline of yernt. Then the consequence is yernts die out because the lack of grass that has been burnt. The reason is because the fire-stick farming is burning the grass causing the amount of food the yernts get.To find out if fire-stick farming is causing the decline of yernt. To measure if fire-stick farming is causing the decline of yernts. I think they are dying out because of droughts because no animal can survive for prolonged periods of time.Enclose a Yernt in a controlled environment with a similar climate to a drought. Enclose another Yernt in a controlled environment with natural summer conditions. K3`t$ 8 M d  8 W v+Jj=]t)?X B,=@task2_day6_218SCIL_60@2$ B,=@task2_day6_208SCIL_6491C2$ B,=@task2_day6_198SCIL_6118C2$ B,=@task2_day6_188SCIL_6552C2$ B,=@task2_day6_178SCIL_60@2$ B,=@task2_day6_168SCIL_6166C2$ B,=@task2_day6_158SCIL_6112C2$ B,=@task2_day6_148SCIL_6393C2$ B,=@task2_day6_138SCIL_60@2$ B,=@task2_day6_128SCIL_6218C2$ B,=@task2_day6_118SCIL_690B2$ B,=@task2_day6_108SCIL_6305C2$ B,=@task2_day6_98SCIL_60>0" B,=@task2_day6_88SCIL_6141A0" B,=@task2_day6_78SCIL_688@0" B,=@task2_day6_68SCIL_6403A0" B,=@task2_day6_58SCIL_60>0" B,=@task2_day6_48SCIL_6260A0" B,=@task2_day6_38SCIL_6100A0" B,=@task2_day6_28SCIL_6260A0" B,=@task2_day6_18SCIL_60>0" Ǜ.=@task2_day6_488SCIL_12@4$ Ǜ.=@task2_day6_478SCIL_12@4$ Ǜ.=@task2_day6_468SCIL_12@4$ Ǜ.=@task2_day6_458SCIL_12@4$ Ǜ.=@task2_day6_448SCIL_12@4$ Ǜ.=@task2_day6_438SCIL_12@4$ Ǜ.=@task2_day6_428SCIL_12@4$ Ǜ.=@task2_day6_418SCIL_12@4$ Ǜ.=@task2_day6_408SCIL_12@4$ Ǜ.=@task2_day6_398SCIL_12@4$ Ǜ.=@task2_day6_388SCIL_12@4$ Ǜ.=@task2_day6_378SCIL_12@4$ Ǜ.=@task2_day6_368SCIL_12@4$ Ǜ.=@task2_day6_358SCIL_12@4$ Ǜ.=@task2_day6_348SCIL_12@4$ Ǜ.=@task2_day6_338SCIL_12@4$ Ǜ.=@task2_day6_328SCIL_1268D4$ Ǜ.=@task2_day6_318SCIL_1224D4$ Ǜ.=@task2_day6_308SCIL_1268D4$ Ǜ.=@task2_day6_298SCIL_120B4$ Ǜ.=@task2_day6_288SCIL_1276D4$ Ǜ.=@task2_day6_278SCIL_1233D4$ Ǜ.=@task2_day6_268SCIL_12126E4$ Ǜ.=@task2_day6_258SCIL_120B4$ Ǜ.=@task2_day6_248SCIL_12218E4$ Ǜ.=@task2_day6_238SCIL_1292D4$ Ǜ.=@task2_day6_228SCIL_12132E4$ Ǜ.=@task2_day6_218SCIL_120B4$ Ǜ.=@task2_day6_208SCIL_12204E4$ Ǜ.=@task2_day6_198SCIL_12108E4$ 54e~1 M  i  3 J g  6Z<Zz.Kg=7i,=@task2_day6_208SCIL_1>2$ 7i,=@task2_day6_198SCIL_1>2$ 7i,=@task2_day6_188SCIL_1>2$ 7i,=@task2_day6_178SCIL_1>2$ 7i,=@task2_day6_168SCIL_180B2$ 7i,=@task2_day6_158SCIL_10@2$ 7i,=@task2_day6_148SCIL_10@2$ 7i,=@task2_day6_138SCIL_10@2$ 7i,=@task2_day6_128SCIL_1107C2$ 7i,=@task2_day6_118SCIL_135B2$ 7i,=@task2_day6_108SCIL_170B2$ 7i,=@task2_day6_98SCIL_10>0" 7i,=@task2_day6_88SCIL_1121A0" 7i,=@task2_day6_78SCIL_150@0" 7i,=@task2_day6_68SCIL_1185A0" 7i,=@task2_day6_58SCIL_10>0" 7i,=@task2_day6_48SCIL_180@0" 7i,=@task2_day6_38SCIL_140@0" 7i,=@task2_day6_28SCIL_1200A0" 7i,=@task2_day6_18SCIL_10>0" UJ,=@task1_day6_58SCIL_7h@<0" UJ,=@task1_day6_48SCIL_7h@<0" UJ,=@task1_day6_38SCIL_7@<0" UJ,=@task1_day6_28SCIL_7@<0" UJ,=@task1_day6_18SCIL_7@<0" B,=@task2_day6_488SCIL_6650C2$ B,=@task2_day6_478SCIL_60@2$ B,=@task2_day6_468SCIL_60@2$ B,=@task2_day6_458SCIL_680B2$ B,=@task2_day6_448SCIL_6650C2$ B,=@task2_day6_438SCIL_60@2$ B,=@task2_day6_428SCIL_60@2$ B,=@task2_day6_418SCIL_650B2$ B,=@task2_day6_408SCIL_6153C2$ B,=@task2_day6_398SCIL_617B2$ B,=@task2_day6_388SCIL_6402C2$ B,=@task2_day6_378SCIL_617B2$ B,=@task2_day6_368SCIL_6316C2$ B,=@task2_day6_358SCIL_678B2$ B,=@task2_day6_348SCIL_6194C2$ B,=@task2_day6_338SCIL_60@2$ B,=@task2_day6_328SCIL_6594C2$ B,=@task2_day6_318SCIL_60@2$ B,=@task2_day6_308SCIL_60@2$ B,=@task2_day6_298SCIL_60@2$ B,=@task2_day6_288SCIL_6107C2$ B,=@task2_day6_278SCIL_621B2$ B,=@task2_day6_268SCIL_6175C2$ B,=@task2_day6_258SCIL_60@2$ B,=@task2_day6_248SCIL_6111C2$ B,=@task2_day6_238SCIL_677B2$ B,=@task2_day6_228SCIL_6234C2$ 94n%J o & K  p ' L  q ( Mi5Oau&:Nk̗L=@task2_day6_248SCIL_11156E4$ k̗L=@task2_day6_238SCIL_1150D4$ k̗L=@task2_day6_228SCIL_11100E4$ k̗L=@task2_day6_218SCIL_110B4$ k̗L=@task2_day6_208SCIL_1179D4$ k̗L=@task2_day6_198SCIL_1110D4$ k̗L=@task2_day6_188SCIL_11100E4$ k̗L=@task2_day6_178SCIL_110B4$ k̗L=@task2_day6_168SCIL_1180D4$ k̗L=@task2_day6_158SCIL_1145D4$ k̗L=@task2_day6_148SCIL_11100E4$ k̗L=@task2_day6_138SCIL_110B4$ k̗L=@task2_day6_128SCIL_1190D4$ k̗L=@task2_day6_118SCIL_1135D4$ k̗L=@task2_day6_108SCIL_11118E4$ k̗L=@task2_day6_98SCIL_110@2" k̗L=@task2_day6_88SCIL_11104C2" k̗L=@task2_day6_78SCIL_1151B2" k̗L=@task2_day6_68SCIL_11224C2" k̗L=@task2_day6_58SCIL_110@2" k̗L=@task2_day6_48SCIL_11112C2" k̗L=@task2_day6_38SCIL_1150B2" k̗L=@task2_day6_28SCIL_11100C2" k̗L=@task2_day6_18SCIL_1110B2" 7i,=@task2_day6_488SCIL_1>2$ 7i,=@task2_day6_478SCIL_1>2$ 7i,=@task2_day6_468SCIL_1>2$ 7i,=@task2_day6_458SCIL_1>2$ 7i,=@task2_day6_448SCIL_1>2$ 7i,=@task2_day6_438SCIL_1>2$ 7i,=@task2_day6_428SCIL_1>2$ 7i,=@task2_day6_418SCIL_1>2$ 7i,=@task2_day6_408SCIL_1>2$ 7i,=@task2_day6_398SCIL_1>2$ 7i,=@task2_day6_388SCIL_1>2$ 7i,=@task2_day6_378SCIL_1>2$ 7i,=@task2_day6_368SCIL_1>2$ 7i,=@task2_day6_358SCIL_1>2$ 7i,=@task2_day6_348SCIL_1>2$ 7i,=@task2_day6_338SCIL_1>2$ 7i,=@task2_day6_328SCIL_1>2$ 7i,=@task2_day6_318SCIL_1>2$ 7i,=@task2_day6_308SCIL_1>2$ 7i,=@task2_day6_298SCIL_1>2$ 7i,=@task2_day6_288SCIL_1>2$ 7i,=@task2_day6_278SCIL_1>2$ 7i,=@task2_day6_268SCIL_1>2$ 7i,=@task2_day6_258SCIL_1>2$ 7i,=@task2_day6_248SCIL_1>2$ 7i,=@task2_day6_238SCIL_1>2$ 7i,=@task2_day6_228SCIL_1>2$ 7i,=@task2_day6_218SCIL_1>2$ 4cw' ; L ^  r % 9 U z1V y.Ml!@_~|ݨ,=@task2_day6_278SCIL_15@4$ |ݨ,=@task2_day6_268SCIL_15@4$ |ݨ,=@task2_day6_258SCIL_15@4$ |ݨ,=@task2_day6_248SCIL_15@4$ |ݨ,=@task2_day6_238SCIL_15@4$ |ݨ,=@task2_day6_228SCIL_15@4$ |ݨ,=@task2_day6_218SCIL_15@4$ |ݨ,=@task2_day6_208SCIL_15@4$ |ݨ,=@task2_day6_198SCIL_15@4$ |ݨ,=@task2_day6_188SCIL_15@4$ |ݨ,=@task2_day6_178SCIL_15@4$ |ݨ,=@task2_day6_168SCIL_15@4$ |ݨ,=@task2_day6_158SCIL_15@4$ |ݨ,=@task2_day6_148SCIL_15@4$ |ݨ,=@task2_day6_138SCIL_15@4$ |ݨ,=@task2_day6_128SCIL_15@4$ |ݨ,=@task2_day6_118SCIL_15@4$ |ݨ,=@task2_day6_108SCIL_15@4$ |ݨ,=@task2_day6_98SCIL_15>2" |ݨ,=@task2_day6_88SCIL_15>2" |ݨ,=@task2_day6_78SCIL_15>2" |ݨ,=@task2_day6_68SCIL_15>2" |ݨ,=@task2_day6_58SCIL_15>2" |ݨ,=@task2_day6_48SCIL_15>2" |ݨ,=@task2_day6_38SCIL_15>2" |ݨ,=@task2_day6_28SCIL_15>2" |ݨ,=@task2_day6_18SCIL_15>2" CO,=@task2_day5_18SCIL_3@<0" k̗L=@task2_day6_488SCIL_11650E4$ k̗L=@task2_day6_478SCIL_110B4$ k̗L=@task2_day6_468SCIL_110B4$ k̗L=@task2_day6_458SCIL_1180D4$ k̗L=@task2_day6_448SCIL_11650E4$ k̗L=@task2_day6_438SCIL_110B4$ k̗L=@task2_day6_428SCIL_110B4$ k̗L=@task2_day6_418SCIL_1150D4$ k̗L=@task2_day6_408SCIL_11174E4$ k̗L=@task2_day6_398SCIL_1129D4$ k̗L=@task2_day6_388SCIL_11378E4$ k̗L=@task2_day6_378SCIL_1120D4$ k̗L=@task2_day6_368SCIL_11206E4$ k̗L=@task2_day6_358SCIL_1187D4$ k̗L=@task2_day6_348SCIL_11305E4$ k̗L=@task2_day6_338SCIL_110B4$ k̗L=@task2_day6_328SCIL_11149E4$ k̗L=@task2_day6_318SCIL_1150D4$ k̗L=@task2_day6_308SCIL_11100E4$ k̗L=@task2_day6_298SCIL_110B4$ k̗L=@task2_day6_288SCIL_11105E4$ k̗L=@task2_day6_278SCIL_1150D4$ k̗L=@task2_day6_268SCIL_11100E4$ k̗L=@task2_day6_258SCIL_110B4$ G4j< M _  p # 7 Q  ^@k$Mr)Ns*Om,=@task2_day6_268SCIL_9>2$ m,=@task2_day6_258SCIL_9>2$ m,=@task2_day6_248SCIL_9>2$ m,=@task2_day6_238SCIL_9>2$ m,=@task2_day6_228SCIL_9>2$ m,=@task2_day6_218SCIL_9>2$ m,=@task2_day6_208SCIL_9>2$ m,=@task2_day6_198SCIL_9>2$ m,=@task2_day6_188SCIL_9>2$ m,=@task2_day6_178SCIL_9>2$ m,=@task2_day6_168SCIL_9>2$ m,=@task2_day6_158SCIL_9>2$ m,=@task2_day6_148SCIL_9>2$ m,=@task2_day6_138SCIL_9>2$ m,=@task2_day6_128SCIL_9>2$ m,=@task2_day6_118SCIL_9>2$ m,=@task2_day6_108SCIL_9>2$ m,=@task2_day6_98SCIL_9<0" m,=@task2_day6_88SCIL_9<0" m,=@task2_day6_78SCIL_9<0" m,=@task2_day6_68SCIL_9<0" m,=@task2_day6_58SCIL_9<0" m,=@task2_day6_48SCIL_9<0" m,=@task2_day6_38SCIL_9<0" m,=@task2_day6_28SCIL_9<0" m,=@task2_day6_18SCIL_9<0" LL=@task1_day6_58SCIL_13h@ >2" LL=@task1_day6_48SCIL_13drought severity levelV2" LL=@task1_day6_38SCIL_13@ >2" LL=@task1_day6_28SCIL_13z@ >2" LL=@task1_day6_18SCIL_13@>2" |ݨ,=@task2_day6_488SCIL_15650E4$ |ݨ,=@task2_day6_478SCIL_150B4$ |ݨ,=@task2_day6_468SCIL_150B4$ |ݨ,=@task2_day6_458SCIL_1580D4$ |ݨ,=@task2_day6_448SCIL_15295E4$ |ݨ,=@task2_day6_438SCIL_158B4$ |ݨ,=@task2_day6_428SCIL_15223E4$ |ݨ,=@task2_day6_418SCIL_1545D4$ |ݨ,=@task2_day6_408SCIL_15182E4$ |ݨ,=@task2_day6_398SCIL_1551D4$ |ݨ,=@task2_day6_388SCIL_15381E4$ |ݨ,=@task2_day6_378SCIL_1524D4$ |ݨ,=@task2_day6_368SCIL_15153E4$ |ݨ,=@task2_day6_358SCIL_1595D4$ |ݨ,=@task2_day6_348SCIL_15395E4$ |ݨ,=@task2_day6_338SCIL_150B4$ |ݨ,=@task2_day6_328SCIL_15@4$ |ݨ,=@task2_day6_318SCIL_15@4$ |ݨ,=@task2_day6_308SCIL_15@4$ |ݨ,=@task2_day6_298SCIL_15@4$ |ݨ,=@task2_day6_288SCIL_15@4$ @3n%J c  z - G a  } 6 M=Zz.Jg6Oij"L=@task2_day6_238SCIL_571B2$ ij"L=@task2_day6_228SCIL_5255C2$ ij"L=@task2_day6_218SCIL_50@2$ ij"L=@task2_day6_208SCIL_5517C2$ ij"L=@task2_day6_198SCIL_5103C2$ ij"L=@task2_day6_188SCIL_5464C2$ ij"L=@task2_day6_178SCIL_50@2$ ij"L=@task2_day6_168SCIL_585B2$ ij"L=@task2_day6_158SCIL_50@2$ ij"L=@task2_day6_148SCIL_50@2$ ij"L=@task2_day6_138SCIL_50@2$ ij"L=@task2_day6_128SCIL_586B2$ ij"L=@task2_day6_118SCIL_532B2$ ij"L=@task2_day6_108SCIL_5117C2$ ij"L=@task2_day6_98SCIL_50>0" ij"L=@task2_day6_88SCIL_5130A0" ij"L=@task2_day6_78SCIL_552@0" ij"L=@task2_day6_68SCIL_5189A0" ij"L=@task2_day6_58SCIL_50>0" ij"L=@task2_day6_48SCIL_5114A0" ij"L=@task2_day6_38SCIL_563@0" ij"L=@task2_day6_28SCIL_5273A0" ij"L=@task2_day6_18SCIL_50>0" ~f,=@task3_day6_18SCIL_1number of yernt 133.57.U0" c/,=@task1_day6_58SCIL_8 The amount of Yernt and Toorus\0" c/,=@task1_day6_48SCIL_8The factors on/offP0" c/,=@task1_day6_38SCIL_8@<0" c/,=@task1_day6_28SCIL_8@ <0" c/,=@task1_day6_18SCIL_8t@ <0" m,=@task2_day6_488SCIL_9650C2$ m,=@task2_day6_478SCIL_90@2$ m,=@task2_day6_468SCIL_90@2$ m,=@task2_day6_458SCIL_980B2$ m,=@task2_day6_448SCIL_9650C2$ m,=@task2_day6_438SCIL_90@2$ m,=@task2_day6_428SCIL_90@2$ m,=@task2_day6_418SCIL_950B2$ m,=@task2_day6_408SCIL_9130C2$ m,=@task2_day6_398SCIL_920B2$ m,=@task2_day6_388SCIL_9400C2$ m,=@task2_day6_378SCIL_920B2$ m,=@task2_day6_368SCIL_9200C2$ m,=@task2_day6_358SCIL_9125C2$ m,=@task2_day6_348SCIL_9400C2$ m,=@task2_day6_338SCIL_90@2$ m,=@task2_day6_328SCIL_9>2$ m,=@task2_day6_318SCIL_9>2$ m,=@task2_day6_308SCIL_9>2$ m,=@task2_day6_298SCIL_9>2$ m,=@task2_day6_288SCIL_9>2$ m,=@task2_day6_278SCIL_9>2$ J3g4 L  f  } 0 G a  }2Id2Ha5T fq,=@task2_day6_268SCIL_10@4$ fq,=@task2_day6_258SCIL_10@4$ fq,=@task2_day6_248SCIL_10@4$ fq,=@task2_day6_238SCIL_10@4$ fq,=@task2_day6_228SCIL_10@4$ fq,=@task2_day6_218SCIL_10@4$ fq,=@task2_day6_208SCIL_10@4$ fq,=@task2_day6_198SCIL_10@4$ fq,=@task2_day6_188SCIL_10@4$ fq,=@task2_day6_178SCIL_10@4$ fq,=@task2_day6_168SCIL_1086D4$ fq,=@task2_day6_158SCIL_100B4$ fq,=@task2_day6_148SCIL_100B4$ fq,=@task2_day6_138SCIL_100B4$ fq,=@task2_day6_128SCIL_10120E4$ fq,=@task2_day6_118SCIL_100B4$ fq,=@task2_day6_108SCIL_100B4$ fq,=@task2_day6_98SCIL_100@2" fq,=@task2_day6_88SCIL_1062B2" fq,=@task2_day6_78SCIL_1028B2" fq,=@task2_day6_68SCIL_1067B2" fq,=@task2_day6_58SCIL_100@2" fq,=@task2_day6_48SCIL_10199C2" fq,=@task2_day6_38SCIL_1014B2" fq,=@task2_day6_28SCIL_10122C2" fq,=@task2_day6_18SCIL_100@2" ij"L=@task2_day6_488SCIL_5650C2$ ij"L=@task2_day6_478SCIL_50@2$ ij"L=@task2_day6_468SCIL_50@2$ ij"L=@task2_day6_458SCIL_580B2$ ij"L=@task2_day6_448SCIL_5191C2$ ij"L=@task2_day6_438SCIL_52@2$ ij"L=@task2_day6_428SCIL_5336C2$ ij"L=@task2_day6_418SCIL_550B2$ ij"L=@task2_day6_408SCIL_5167C2$ ij"L=@task2_day6_398SCIL_535B2$ ij"L=@task2_day6_388SCIL_5410C2$ ij"L=@task2_day6_378SCIL_520B2$ ij"L=@task2_day6_368SCIL_5215C2$ ij"L=@task2_day6_358SCIL_592B2$ ij"L=@task2_day6_348SCIL_5347C2$ ij"L=@task2_day6_338SCIL_50@2$ ij"L=@task2_day6_328SCIL_5115C2$ ij"L=@task2_day6_318SCIL_543B2$ ij"L=@task2_day6_308SCIL_563B2$ ij"L=@task2_day6_298SCIL_50@2$ ij"L=@task2_day6_288SCIL_5180C2$ ij"L=@task2_day6_278SCIL_553B2$ ij"L=@task2_day6_268SCIL_517B2$ ij"L=@task2_day6_258SCIL_50@2$ ij"L=@task2_day6_248SCIL_5110C2$  5j> ]  | 1 P  o $ E p)Im$Il8OjCO,=@task2_day6_308SCIL_283B2$ CO,=@task2_day6_298SCIL_20@2$ CO,=@task2_day6_288SCIL_281B2$ CO,=@task2_day6_278SCIL_229B2$ CO,=@task2_day6_268SCIL_278B2$ CO,=@task2_day6_258SCIL_20@2$ CO,=@task2_day6_248SCIL_2184C2$ CO,=@task2_day6_238SCIL_294B2$ CO,=@task2_day6_228SCIL_2151C2$ CO,=@task2_day6_218SCIL_20@2$ CO,=@task2_day6_208SCIL_2464C2$ CO,=@task2_day6_198SCIL_286B2$ CO,=@task2_day6_188SCIL_2546C2$ CO,=@task2_day6_178SCIL_20@2$ CO,=@task2_day6_168SCIL_2>2$ CO,=@task2_day6_158SCIL_2>2$ CO,=@task2_day6_148SCIL_2>2$ CO,=@task2_day6_138SCIL_2>2$ CO,=@task2_day6_128SCIL_2>2$ CO,=@task2_day6_118SCIL_2>2$ CO,=@task2_day6_108SCIL_2>2$ CO,=@task2_day6_98SCIL_2<0" CO,=@task2_day6_88SCIL_2184A0" CO,=@task2_day6_78SCIL_294@0" CO,=@task2_day6_68SCIL_2151A0" CO,=@task2_day6_58SCIL_20>0" CO,=@task2_day6_48SCIL_2<0" CO,=@task2_day6_38SCIL_2<0" CO,=@task2_day6_28SCIL_2<0" CO,=@task2_day6_18SCIL_2<0" TY.=@task3_day6_18SCIL_12n@>2" fq,=@task2_day6_488SCIL_10@4$ fq,=@task2_day6_478SCIL_10@4$ fq,=@task2_day6_468SCIL_10@4$ fq,=@task2_day6_458SCIL_10@4$ fq,=@task2_day6_448SCIL_10@4$ fq,=@task2_day6_438SCIL_10@4$ fq,=@task2_day6_428SCIL_10@4$ fq,=@task2_day6_418SCIL_10@4$ fq,=@task2_day6_408SCIL_10@4$ fq,=@task2_day6_398SCIL_10@4$ fq,=@task2_day6_388SCIL_10@4$ fq,=@task2_day6_378SCIL_10@4$ fq,=@task2_day6_368SCIL_10@4$ fq,=@task2_day6_358SCIL_10@4$ fq,=@task2_day6_348SCIL_10@4$ fq,=@task2_day6_338SCIL_10@4$ fq,=@task2_day6_328SCIL_10@4$ fq,=@task2_day6_318SCIL_10@4$ fq,=@task2_day6_308SCIL_10@4$ fq,=@task2_day6_298SCIL_10@4$ fq,=@task2_day6_288SCIL_10@4$ fq,=@task2_day6_278SCIL_10@4$ H4fB g  C h  D a  5Qn#=Vm";V k,=@task2_day6_338SCIL_80@2$ k,=@task2_day6_328SCIL_856B2$ k,=@task2_day6_318SCIL_825B2$ k,=@task2_day6_308SCIL_861B2$ k,=@task2_day6_298SCIL_80@2$ k,=@task2_day6_288SCIL_899B2$ k,=@task2_day6_278SCIL_846B2$ k,=@task2_day6_268SCIL_871B2$ k,=@task2_day6_258SCIL_80@2$ k,=@task2_day6_248SCIL_8112C2$ k,=@task2_day6_238SCIL_885B2$ k,=@task2_day6_228SCIL_8263C2$ k,=@task2_day6_218SCIL_80@2$ k,=@task2_day6_208SCIL_8521C2$ k,=@task2_day6_198SCIL_8104C2$ k,=@task2_day6_188SCIL_8445C2$ k,=@task2_day6_178SCIL_80@2$ k,=@task2_day6_168SCIL_883B2$ k,=@task2_day6_158SCIL_80@2$ k,=@task2_day6_148SCIL_80@2$ k,=@task2_day6_138SCIL_80@2$ k,=@task2_day6_128SCIL_883B2$ k,=@task2_day6_118SCIL_826B2$ k,=@task2_day6_108SCIL_8116C2$ k,=@task2_day6_98SCIL_80>0" k,=@task2_day6_88SCIL_8124A0" k,=@task2_day6_78SCIL_845@0" k,=@task2_day6_68SCIL_8185A0" k,=@task2_day6_58SCIL_80>0" k,=@task2_day6_48SCIL_8154A0" k,=@task2_day6_38SCIL_879@0" k,=@task2_day6_28SCIL_8197A0" k,=@task2_day6_18SCIL_80>0" (}'L=@task3_day6_18SCIL_15j@>2" CO,=@task2_day6_488SCIL_2>2$ CO,=@task2_day6_478SCIL_2>2$ CO,=@task2_day6_468SCIL_2>2$ CO,=@task2_day6_458SCIL_2>2$ CO,=@task2_day6_448SCIL_2>2$ CO,=@task2_day6_438SCIL_2>2$ CO,=@task2_day6_428SCIL_2>2$ CO,=@task2_day6_418SCIL_2>2$ CO,=@task2_day6_408SCIL_2>2$ CO,=@task2_day6_398SCIL_2>2$ CO,=@task2_day6_388SCIL_2>2$ CO,=@task2_day6_378SCIL_2>2$ CO,=@task2_day6_368SCIL_2>2$ CO,=@task2_day6_358SCIL_2>2$ CO,=@task2_day6_348SCIL_2>2$ CO,=@task2_day6_338SCIL_2>2$ CO,=@task2_day6_328SCIL_278B2$ CO,=@task2_day6_318SCIL_211B2$ LVAL Z ` 82The independent variable in this experiment is the Omosan and Toorus populationMy research question is 'How does drought effect the Omosan environment?'(827+173+66+51/4 279 Average Number of yernts. (150) + (180) + (110) = divided by 3. = 146.6666666667The similarities of the omosa and netlogo world is that they both interpret how animals and people interact within a environment to test it in rel life for experiments.The differences between the omosa and netlogo world are is that the omosa world interprets how animals move around betteer and how the world is really like. But the netlogo world is more factual and better with their results of yernt and toorus.Yernt population-214.5 546+151+78+83=858 858 divided by 4=214.5Fire stick farming average Yernt population:193 Drought average Yernt population: 266 Hunting average Yernt population: 364Yernt 122+67+0=189 189 divide by 3 = 63 The mean of the Yernt population is 63. Tooru 14+28+0=42 42 divide by 3 = 14 So the average of the Tooru would be 14 Grass 199+62+20=281 281 divide by 3 =93 (whole number) The average number of grass would by 93.100+224+118 = 100+50+50= 305+378+0+0 = divide 3omosans - 37.5 yernt - 200 tooru - 36.25 grass - 407.5the rate of the grass and Yernt growth or reductionthe independant variable is reason of declination(drought, omosan hunting or fire stick farming)the situation is that there isnt enough grass for the Yernt to eat. the consequence is that the yernt eventually die out. the reason is he fire stick farmingdoes fire stick farming affect the population of the Yernt growthtest to see if just fire stick farming can affect the population and growth rate of the yerntYernt 395+381+223+0/3 999/3 =333 Tooru 95+51+8+0(divided by 3) =154/3 =51.33 Omosans 24+80+45 divided 3 =149 =49... Grass 152+182+295+650 divided by 3 = =5e|/ I c   8 c  @ a~5MlDi Ej!DDD,=@task2_day6_328SCIL_7>2$ DDD,=@task2_day6_318SCIL_7>2$ DDD,=@task2_day6_308SCIL_7>2$ DDD,=@task2_day6_298SCIL_7>2$ DDD,=@task2_day6_288SCIL_7>2$ DDD,=@task2_day6_278SCIL_7>2$ DDD,=@task2_day6_268SCIL_7>2$ DDD,=@task2_day6_258SCIL_7>2$ DDD,=@task2_day6_248SCIL_7>2$ DDD,=@task2_day6_238SCIL_7>2$ DDD,=@task2_day6_228SCIL_7>2$ DDD,=@task2_day6_218SCIL_7>2$ DDD,=@task2_day6_208SCIL_7>2$ DDD,=@task2_day6_198SCIL_7>2$ DDD,=@task2_day6_188SCIL_7>2$ DDD,=@task2_day6_178SCIL_7>2$ DDD,=@task2_day6_168SCIL_785B2$ DDD,=@task2_day6_158SCIL_70@2$ DDD,=@task2_day6_148SCIL_70@2$ DDD,=@task2_day6_138SCIL_70@2$ DDD,=@task2_day6_128SCIL_787B2$ DDD,=@task2_day6_118SCIL_729B2$ DDD,=@task2_day6_108SCIL_7110C2$ DDD,=@task2_day6_98SCIL_70>0" DDD,=@task2_day6_88SCIL_7130A0" DDD,=@task2_day6_78SCIL_756@0" DDD,=@task2_day6_68SCIL_7180A0" DDD,=@task2_day6_58SCIL_70>0" DDD,=@task2_day6_48SCIL_777@0" DDD,=@task2_day6_38SCIL_740@0" DDD,=@task2_day6_28SCIL_7150A0" DDD,=@task2_day6_18SCIL_70>0" \,=@task3_day6_18SCIL_9r@<0" z5lL=@task1_day6_58SCIL_4f@<0" z5lL=@task1_day6_48SCIL_4@<0" z5lL=@task1_day6_38SCIL_4:@<0" z5lL=@task1_day6_28SCIL_4@<0" z5lL=@task1_day6_18SCIL_4@<0" k,=@task2_day6_488SCIL_8650C2$ k,=@task2_day6_478SCIL_80@2$ k,=@task2_day6_468SCIL_80@2$ k,=@task2_day6_458SCIL_880B2$ k,=@task2_day6_448SCIL_8650C2$ k,=@task2_day6_438SCIL_80@2$ k,=@task2_day6_428SCIL_80@2$ k,=@task2_day6_418SCIL_850B2$ k,=@task2_day6_408SCIL_8151C2$ k,=@task2_day6_398SCIL_849B2$ k,=@task2_day6_388SCIL_8360C2$ k,=@task2_day6_378SCIL_820B2$ k,=@task2_day6_368SCIL_8163C2$ k,=@task2_day6_358SCIL_879B2$ k,=@task2_day6_348SCIL_8379C2$ D4n%J o & K  p ' L  q ( Kj<Mau&:P ףL=@task2_day6_358SCIL_13@4$  ףL=@task2_day6_348SCIL_13@4$  ףL=@task2_day6_338SCIL_13@4$  ףL=@task2_day6_328SCIL_13100E4$  ףL=@task2_day6_318SCIL_1339D4$  ףL=@task2_day6_308SCIL_1351D4$  ףL=@task2_day6_298SCIL_130B4$  ףL=@task2_day6_288SCIL_13158E4$  ףL=@task2_day6_278SCIL_1332D4$  ףL=@task2_day6_268SCIL_1366D4$  ףL=@task2_day6_258SCIL_130B4$  ףL=@task2_day6_248SCIL_13202E4$  ףL=@task2_day6_238SCIL_1382D4$  ףL=@task2_day6_228SCIL_13173E4$  ףL=@task2_day6_218SCIL_130B4$  ףL=@task2_day6_208SCIL_13415E4$  ףL=@task2_day6_198SCIL_1397D4$  ףL=@task2_day6_188SCIL_13829E4$  ףL=@task2_day6_178SCIL_130B4$  ףL=@task2_day6_168SCIL_13@4$  ףL=@task2_day6_158SCIL_13@4$  ףL=@task2_day6_148SCIL_13@4$  ףL=@task2_day6_138SCIL_13@4$  ףL=@task2_day6_128SCIL_13@4$  ףL=@task2_day6_118SCIL_13@4$  ףL=@task2_day6_108SCIL_13@4$  ףL=@task2_day6_98SCIL_13>2"  ףL=@task2_day6_88SCIL_13>2"  ףL=@task2_day6_78SCIL_13>2"  ףL=@task2_day6_68SCIL_13>2"  ףL=@task2_day6_58SCIL_13>2"  ףL=@task2_day6_48SCIL_13>2"  ףL=@task2_day6_38SCIL_13>2"  ףL=@task2_day6_28SCIL_13>2"  ףL=@task2_day6_18SCIL_13>2" L=@task3_day6_18SCIL_11h@>2" DDD,=@task2_day6_488SCIL_7>2$ DDD,=@task2_day6_478SCIL_7>2$ DDD,=@task2_day6_468SCIL_7>2$ DDD,=@task2_day6_458SCIL_7>2$ DDD,=@task2_day6_448SCIL_7>2$ DDD,=@task2_day6_438SCIL_7>2$ DDD,=@task2_day6_428SCIL_7>2$ DDD,=@task2_day6_418SCIL_7>2$ DDD,=@task2_day6_408SCIL_7>2$ DDD,=@task2_day6_398SCIL_7>2$ DDD,=@task2_day6_388SCIL_7>2$ DDD,=@task2_day6_378SCIL_7>2$ DDD,=@task2_day6_368SCIL_7>2$ DDD,=@task2_day6_358SCIL_7>2$ DDD,=@task2_day6_348SCIL_7>2$ DDD,=@task2_day6_338SCIL_7>2$ 44j> ]  | 1 Z  : _  ;Zy.AThz-@Lh/,=@task2_day6_348SCIL_14@4$ Lh/,=@task2_day6_338SCIL_14@4$ Lh/,=@task2_day6_328SCIL_1488D4$ Lh/,=@task2_day6_318SCIL_1428D4$ Lh/,=@task2_day6_308SCIL_1426D4$ Lh/,=@task2_day6_298SCIL_140B4$ Lh/,=@task2_day6_288SCIL_14107E4$ Lh/,=@task2_day6_278SCIL_1458D4$ Lh/,=@task2_day6_268SCIL_1474D4$ Lh/,=@task2_day6_258SCIL_140B4$ Lh/,=@task2_day6_248SCIL_14150E4$ Lh/,=@task2_day6_238SCIL_1467D4$ Lh/,=@task2_day6_228SCIL_14197E4$ Lh/,=@task2_day6_218SCIL_140B4$ Lh/,=@task2_day6_208SCIL_14484E4$ Lh/,=@task2_day6_198SCIL_14105E4$ Lh/,=@task2_day6_188SCIL_14532E4$ Lh/,=@task2_day6_178SCIL_140B4$ Lh/,=@task2_day6_168SCIL_14@4$ Lh/,=@task2_day6_158SCIL_14@4$ Lh/,=@task2_day6_148SCIL_14@4$ Lh/,=@task2_day6_138SCIL_14@4$ Lh/,=@task2_day6_128SCIL_14@4$ Lh/,=@task2_day6_118SCIL_14@4$ Lh/,=@task2_day6_108SCIL_14@4$ Lh/,=@task2_day6_98SCIL_14>2" Lh/,=@task2_day6_88SCIL_14>2" Lh/,=@task2_day6_78SCIL_14>2" Lh/,=@task2_day6_68SCIL_14>2" Lh/,=@task2_day6_58SCIL_14>2" Lh/,=@task2_day6_48SCIL_14>2" Lh/,=@task2_day6_38SCIL_14>2" Lh/,=@task2_day6_28SCIL_14>2" Lh/,=@task2_day6_18SCIL_14>2" I,=@task3_day5_28SCIL_3Z@ <0" I,=@task3_day5_18SCIL_3@ <0" (,=@task3_day6_18SCIL_2@ <0" p^ML=@task3_day6_18SCIL_5@ <0" V?,=@task3_day6_18SCIL_10@>2"  ףL=@task2_day6_488SCIL_13@4$  ףL=@task2_day6_478SCIL_13@4$  ףL=@task2_day6_468SCIL_13@4$  ףL=@task2_day6_458SCIL_13@4$  ףL=@task2_day6_448SCIL_13@4$  ףL=@task2_day6_438SCIL_13@4$  ףL=@task2_day6_428SCIL_13@4$  ףL=@task2_day6_418SCIL_13@4$  ףL=@task2_day6_408SCIL_13@4$  ףL=@task2_day6_398SCIL_13@4$  ףL=@task2_day6_388SCIL_13@4$  ףL=@task2_day6_378SCIL_13@4$  ףL=@task2_day6_368SCIL_13@4$ 45j> ]  | 1 V { 2 T t(H`<a=b>e+L=@task2_day6_328SCIL_4>2$ e+L=@task2_day6_318SCIL_4>2$ e+L=@task2_day6_308SCIL_4>2$ e+L=@task2_day6_298SCIL_4>2$ e+L=@task2_day6_288SCIL_4>2$ e+L=@task2_day6_278SCIL_4>2$ e+L=@task2_day6_268SCIL_4>2$ e+L=@task2_day6_258SCIL_4>2$ e+L=@task2_day6_248SCIL_4>2$ e+L=@task2_day6_238SCIL_4>2$ e+L=@task2_day6_228SCIL_4>2$ e+L=@task2_day6_218SCIL_4>2$ e+L=@task2_day6_208SCIL_4>2$ e+L=@task2_day6_198SCIL_4>2$ e+L=@task2_day6_188SCIL_4>2$ e+L=@task2_day6_178SCIL_4>2$ e+L=@task2_day6_168SCIL_4>2$ e+L=@task2_day6_158SCIL_4>2$ e+L=@task2_day6_148SCIL_4>2$ e+L=@task2_day6_138SCIL_4>2$ e+L=@task2_day6_128SCIL_470B2$ e+L=@task2_day6_118SCIL_417B2$ e+L=@task2_day6_108SCIL_4132C2$ e+L=@task2_day6_98SCIL_40>0" e+L=@task2_day6_88SCIL_4112A0" e+L=@task2_day6_78SCIL_460@0" e+L=@task2_day6_68SCIL_4181A0" e+L=@task2_day6_58SCIL_40>0" e+L=@task2_day6_48SCIL_4130A0" e+L=@task2_day6_38SCIL_463@0" e+L=@task2_day6_28SCIL_4261A0" e+L=@task2_day6_18SCIL_40>0"  !mL=@task1_day6_58SCIL_14@>2"  !mL=@task1_day6_48SCIL_14@>2"  !mL=@task1_day6_38SCIL_14R@>2"  !mL=@task1_day6_28SCIL_14@>2"  !mL=@task1_day6_18SCIL_14@>2" ?L=@task3_day6_18SCIL_13^@>2" },=@task3_day6_18SCIL_7@ <0" Lh/,=@task2_day6_488SCIL_14@4$ Lh/,=@task2_day6_478SCIL_14@4$ Lh/,=@task2_day6_468SCIL_14@4$ Lh/,=@task2_day6_458SCIL_14@4$ Lh/,=@task2_day6_448SCIL_14@4$ Lh/,=@task2_day6_438SCIL_14@4$ Lh/,=@task2_day6_428SCIL_14@4$ Lh/,=@task2_day6_418SCIL_14@4$ Lh/,=@task2_day6_408SCIL_14@4$ Lh/,=@task2_day6_398SCIL_14@4$ Lh/,=@task2_day6_388SCIL_14@4$ Lh/,=@task2_day6_378SCIL_14@4$ Lh/,=@task2_day6_368SCIL_14@4$ Lh/,=@task2_day6_358SCIL_14@4$ LVAL D N RtThe aim of our experiment is to find out if there is an interaction between these factors. That not just drought and not just farming are killing the yernt, its that all of these factors - drought, fire-stick farming, farming and hunting are all contributing the the decline of yernt. We are doing experiment number 4. some ideas for the experiment are, - All the factor contribute to killing the yernt -Hunting is not killing the Yernt because the osmosans use practical hunting methods to preserve the yernt. if they are in any way affected by the droughtThe theory or set of results we are looking atIf the sitution is that most of the theories and results have somethin to do with the drought then the consequense is that the drought is a very likely cause of the yernt numbers declining.Is the drought causing the yernt decline on Omosa?I will look at different theories and results that support that it is likely that the drought is causing the decline in yernt numbers on Omosa. I will also look at some that show the decline of yernt is from a different cause and see if they could also have something to do with the drought.the amount of dieing yert with out water.if there is drought the yernt will slowly decline.if there is drought the yernt will slowly decline.Is it likely to be the drought that is causing the decline of the Yernt? The dependent variable in this experiment is the Yernt populationIf the situation is that the Omosans are set to full then the Yernt will die out fairly quickly, the reason for this is that the Omosans will hunt out the Yernt for foodMy ideas for my topic, 'How drought effects the environment,' are: The higher or the more severe the drought, the more its gonna effect the grass and the people that are living there. This will cause the population to decrease and probably lead to extinction. The other idea is that drought kills off the environment and the population more slowly than fire-stick farming.6n%J o & K  p ' L  u . 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What we change is the factor that is contributing tio the decline of yernt.We think that all of the factors are contributing the killing the yernt but the least likely reason that the yernt is dieing is the hunting factor because the Osmosans use practical methods, so the number of yernt are stable. 15gC ^  { - G b  { . 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br;1=@task2_day6_378SCIH_8>2$ br;1=@task2_day6_368SCIH_8>2$ br;1=@task2_day6_358SCIH_8>2$ br;1=@task2_day6_348SCIH_8>2$ br;1=@task2_day6_338SCIH_8>2$ br;1=@task2_day6_328SCIH_8>2$ br;1=@task2_day6_318SCIH_8>2$ br;1=@task2_day6_308SCIH_8>2$ br;1=@task2_day6_298SCIH_8>2$ br;1=@task2_day6_288SCIH_8>2$ br;1=@task2_day6_278SCIH_8>2$ FLVAL< \Yernt population mean- 133.3 repeater 169+71+100=340 This shows that drought does affect the yernt as yernt has drastically decreased. Therefore my hypothesis is correct and drought does affect the Yernt as shown by the experimental results. All of them have decreased by at least 30 percent and more which shows the affect.Fire-stick farming = 166 Yernt based on runs #1, #2 and #3 Drought = ~260 Yernt based on runs #1, #2 and #3 Omosan Hunting = ~246 Yernt based on runs #1, #2 and #3 In conclusion, the rank of effect each has on the Yernt is as follows: #1 = Fire-Stick Farming (Most affecting) #2 = Omosan Hunting #3 = Drought (least affecting)For this experiment we are testing if drought is causing the decline of Yernt. We will do this by placing Yernt in a environment where droughts occasionally happen. We will then place the other Yernt in a environment where droughts happen rarely. We will then check the number of Yernt in each place and thus see if drought effects Yernt. Mean of the population of yernts and toorus influenced by fire-stick farming: Yernts: 260+403+305+393=1356 divided by 4= 339 Tooru: 100+88+90+112=390 divided 4= 97.5 Mean of the population of yernts and toorus influenced by drought: Yernts: 552+234+175+0=961 divided by 4= 240.25 Tooru: 118+77+21+0=216 divided by 4 = 54 Mean of the population of yernts and toorus influenced by hunting: Yernts: 194+402+0+0=596 divided by 4= 149 Toorus: 78+17+0+0= 95 divided by 4 = 23.75 Me2 N  l # H m $ I n%|l=@task3_day6_18SCIH_14>2" L=@task3_day6_18SCIL_3@<0" L=@task2_day6_488SCIL_3>2$ L=@task2_day6_478SCIL_3>2$ L=@task2_day6_468SCIL_3>2$ L=@task2_day6_458SCIL_3>2$ L=@task2_day6_448SCIL_3>2$ L=@task2_day6_438SCIL_3>2$ L=@task2_day6_428SCIL_3>2$ L=@task2_day6_418SCIL_3>2$ L=@task2_day6_408SCIL_3>2$ L=@task2_day6_398SCIL_3>2$ L=@task2_day6_388SCIL_3>2$ L=@task2_day6_378SCIL_3>2$ L=@task2_day6_368SCIL_3>2$ L=@task2_day6_358SCIL_3>2$ L=@task2_day6_348SCIL_3>2$ L=@task2_day6_338SCIL_3>2$ L=@task2_day6_328SCIL_3623C2$ L=@task2_day6_318SCIL_30@2$ L=@task2_day6_308SCIL_30@2$ L=@task2_day6_298SCIL_30@2$ L=@task2_day6_288SCIL_3133C2$ L=@task2_day6_278SCIL_339B2$ L=@task2_day6_268SCIL_371B2$ L=@task2_day6_258SCIL_30@2$ L=@task2_day6_248SCIL_3199C2$ L=@task2_day6_238SCIL_380B2$ L=@task2_day6_228SCIL_3169C2$  5YNY  Y dY Y  dayclassIDopen_dateclose_dateth th YYYclose_dateopen_datePRIMARY    LVALDSN=vworlds;DESCRIPTION=vworlds;SERVER=mysql.science.mq.edu.au;UID=vworlds_admin;PWD=v266w367;DATABASE=vworlds;PORT=3306Y% NY  Y dY Y  dayclassIDopen_dateclose_datedv `7jA ~ W 0 m F   `=@7=@8SCIL  `=@7=@8SCIH  =@7=@8SCIL  =@7=@8SCIL @=@7=@8SCIL  =@7=@8SCIH  =@7=@8SCIH @=@7=@8SCIH <@7<@8SCIL <@7?=@8SCIL <@7?=@8SCIH <@7<@8SCIH ;@7<@8SCIL ;@7<@8SCIH ;@7<@8SCIL ;@7<@8SCIL  <@7<@CARL01"`<@7<@CARL01"@<@7<@CARL01" <@7_<@CARL01"<@7?<@CARL01";@7<@CARL01";@7;@CARL01";@7;@CARL01"`;@7;@CARL01" ;@7;@8SCIH ;@7<@8SCIH  5YNY  Y dY Y  dayclassIDopen_dateclose_dateth th YYYclose_dateopen_datePRIMARY    LVALDSN=vworlds;DESCRIPTION=vworlds;SERVER=mysql.science.mq.edu.au;UID=vworlds_admin;PWD=v266w367;DATABASE=vworlds;PORT=3306Y NY  Y dY Y  dayclassIDopen_dateclose_datedvN lGpF@7T@guest01$F@7T@guest01$F@7T@guest01$F@7T@guest01$F@7T@guest01$A@7T@HSBYA@7T@HSBYA@7T@HSBYA@7T@HSBYC@7T@HSBYY!#=r T2NY  Y * Y  Y tY GUIDIdNameNameMapTypev1RjEU*+ LVAL}!*0LxA*Nтw__P@account_types6!eHǹOuxA*Nт/IDJ4FCxA*Nт /account_name#js / B M ʕ D [  x1<SF#posttest_climateuuHXP77+$*H<,("posttest_climateuuHXP72f"*H<,(!workbook_dates_climate,ǛHx `|-!*TH84 workbook_dates?JB^Q'U5l+8!*D8($workbook_answersοo CR[t)ڋ!*H<,(users_climateTuiD.G}6-$l(|!*B6&"users>]4?O_iE\%!*2&teachers_climate| B30#!*H<,(teachers NXcm0 !%!*8,students_climateAaE LF|%"=jvlj!*H<,(students:9&r!@⵮*fJ!*8,schools_climate%c75Bv*d,܈!*F:*&schoolsHi:l%*o!*6*questions3"Ln5!*:.pretest_copyP#]F9o6]ɴ!*@4$ pretest_climateķLJA 뗺'!*F:*&pretestkoML `[}Q!*6*posttest_copy"'N_!*B6&"posttest_climate_copyd3}_K?8=!*RF62posttest_climateuuHXP7 C!*H<,(posttestv>TOU !*8,positions_K{ PN |3h!*:. nader_collab_conditionsC}%V !*VJ:6 mvt_conditionÆ))N<'1n!*B6&" login_attempts@IJ,EF !*D8($ inventoryemPJĹms!*:. groups_climatew:Z@uD (4&!*D8($groups:^N{w|$!*4(game_positionsf.mK.B;!*D8($conditions_climatey`b@ *,u!*L@0,conditions^D2J N {aA!*<0 climate_workbookpEwSK0nt!*H<,(classes_climateI XGrg!*F:*&classes/GEh#b~!*6*account_typesxA*Nт}!*B6&"LVAL~!*0@/GEh#~__P@classes<t+F߉&/GEh# /classF}~Gwe:/GEh#/start_dateB ~=DcS41e/GEh#/end_dateBLb8BBɴ/GEh#/schoolIDLVAL#ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZMR2MR2GUID* day  N\Nzь2classID acOkG -h~H(6open_date wXTJw:MMR2GUID* day  N\Nzь2classID acOkG -h~H(6open_date wXTJw:M8close_date *1|jM ݮMR2GUIDValidationRuleValidationTextOrientation FilterOrderByOrderByOnNameMapDefaultView8DisplayViewsOnSharePointSiteTotalsRowFilterOnLoadOrderByOnLoadHideNewFieldBackTintBackShadeThemeFontIndex8AlternateBackThemeColorIndex"AlternateBackTint$AlternateBackShade0ReadOnlyWhenDisconnectedBDatasheetGridlinesThemeColorIndex8DatasheetForeThemeColorIndexColumnWidthColumnOrderColumnHiddenDescription FormatInputMaskCaptionDefaultValueRequiredAllowZeroLengthDisplayControlIMEModeIMESentenceMode$UnicodeCompressionTextAlignAggregateTypeExpressionResultTypeCurrencyLCIDShowDatePickerDecimalPlaces class t+F߉&       !m " # 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