# climate_workbook

answer:
Greenhouse gases release C02 into the atmosphere
 
Trees and plants (photosynthesis)
 
Animals(respiration)
 
Oceans (and evaporation)


answer:
These four things are related in terms of carbon as the carbon cycle bypasses all these things through respiration, photosynthesis and evaporation.
 
The levels of C02 in the atmosphere and ocean are similar, and as the carbon in trees increase, carbon in the atmosphere and ocean decrease.
 
The total amount of C02 in the world does not change as the carbon cycle is a closed system. There is a dynamic equilibrium between these four factors.


answer:
Everything on Earth balance it out. E.g. Trees turn carbon dioxide to oxygen whilst the animals (sheeps) release methane from their gas. 
 
So therefore there isnt an overload of carbon dioxide/oxygen (?)


answer:
As more trees appeared the carbon in the ocean and atmosphere decreased and the number of sheep have decreased to one. Their race is doomed.


answer:
The absorb and release rate of carbon dioxide with the trees maintains relatively equal and therefore the earth's atmosphere maintains a constant concentration of carbon dioxide.


answer:
The carbon in the air affects the carbon in the ocean, although they are directly parallel to each other in a 'perfect' environment. When the carbon in the air goes down the carbons in the oceans go up. When there is no sheep and trees, the carbon in both the atmostphere and ocean rises up. It takes a few years for a noticable change.


answer:
The sheep do not eat all the grass as it regrows
 
Sheep reproduce
 
More prey than predator
 
Wolves don't eat too many sheep in one go
 
There are always higher populations at the bottom of the food chain. (biomass pyramid)


answer:
Gradual relationship-equilibrium
 
takes a while for the populations to balance
 
the first order consumer (sheep) eats grass and has energy to reproduce. Wolves can eat more sheep as there is a plentiful supply and they then reproduce. As there is less sheep there is more grass and eventually less wolves as they have less to eat. The sheep then have more food and the cyle begins again. however all the wolves die so the sheep flourish as their numbers are not controlled


answer:
THe food chain is reliant on each other. This means that if the wolf dimishes, the sheep flourish and the grass lessens. Therefore, the wolves numbers increase and they have more food to eat, and they eat more so the sheep die (also because grass lessens) and the grass grows (because there is less sheep). But then when there are less sheep, the wolves do not have enough to eat. This means that the wolves' popualtion diminishes, and the cycle repeats


answer:
THey are reliant on each other, and if one dies out, the food chain cyle is disturbed, and eventually the whole cycle falls apart. It is a dynamic equilibrium, meaning that all must remain balanced and consistent, for the populations to remain constant.


answer:
The Earth's atmosphere maintains a relatively constant concentration of carbon dioxide because of the carbon cycle. Plants take in carbon dioxide whil humans exhale carbon dioxide and release carbon dioxide by burning coal.


answer:
as the amount of carbon in the atmosphere increases, the number of sheep decreases and the number of trees increases. the carbon in the ocean also decreases


answer:
The grass regrows before the sheep can eat it all.
 
The wolves eat the sheep before the sheep can eat all the grass.
 
The grass has the highest population. Then the sheep. Then the wolves.
 
Because they all depend on each other to survive.


answer:
The wolves eat the sheep, so that the population of the wolves increase, and the population of the sheep decreases. But then, the wolves don't have enough sheep to eat, so the wolf population starts decreasing. Meanwhile, the sheep start eating the grass (because while there were less sheep,the grass population increased), and their population rises as well. The wolves then have enough sheep to eat again, and the cycle keeps repeating itself.


answer:
Atmospheric CO2 decreases after fossil fuel burning has stopped. Also, carbon dioxide in the ocean increases.


answer:
Burning fossil fuel is one major factor that contributes to the emission of carbon dioxide in our atmosphere.


answer:
This model shows that fossil fuel burning, land clearing, land use and greenhouse gases are major factors that effect the level of C02 in the atmosphere and ocean.


answer:
The sheep reproduce faster than the wolves can eat them.
 
The sheep get sick and the wolves don't want to eat unhealthy sheep.
 
It's not possible for the sheep to eat up the entire field of grass.
 
The grass grows at a rate so fast that the sheep can't eat 'fast enough' in order to eat all the grass.
 
IT's a chain reaction where the wolves eat the sheep and sheep eat the grass, so if the wolves are reducing a lot of the population then there isn't a lot of sheep left to eat the grass.


answer:
The wolves have a reproduction rate that's higher than the sheep.  At first the wolf and sheep populations increase together, but then at some point the wolves will outnumber the sheep and eat a lot of sheep, causing the sheep population goes down.  When there isn't enough a sufficient number of sheep for the wolves to feed on, their population will drop and die out, and then once that happens the sheep multiply.


answer:
The sheep don't have time to eat all the grass. The wolves do eat all the sheep otherwise they can't survive.


answer:
The more wolves there are, the less sheep there are, and the more grass there is.


answer:
The atmospheric co2 rises dreastically and then takes a large amount of time to return back to its previous amount.


answer:
Fossil Fuel burning releases a large amount of carbon.


answer:
To show the carbon cycle and the affects of carbon activity towards the carbon cycle.


answer:
the reason why all the species dont die out is that they are all a part of a continuous cycle.
 
wolf sheep relationship- wolfs eat sheep therefore the sheep population declines however one this happens the wolf population also sees a decline because now its food source has decreased. sheep population then rises again and so does the wolf population therefore the cycle repeats itself.
 
sheep grass relationship-sheep eats grass, grass growth decreases, sheep population then begins to delcine as well due to the decrease in food source. this then causes the grass growth to increase since its not being preyed upon as much. cycle repeats itself.


answer:
In the Earth's atmosphere, there is a continuous circulation of carbon dioxide, which causes constant concentration. When fossil fuel use increases, the carbon output rate increases. When land use increases, c-oceans increase, while CO2 decrease. When land cleared increases, trees increase, but CO2 decreases. Therefore, it shows that when carbon dioxide is released into the air, other factors can remove it. Also, the release rate and absorbtion rate are important in making a continuous circulation. Greenhouse gases and photosynthesis can also enable this circulation.


answer:
There is a clear relationship shown between carbon, the oceans, trees and sheep. The increase of CO2 causes death of sheep, but the amount of c-oceans increases dramatically, and trees increase slightly. If the amount of trees decrease, the sheep die, and c-ocean and CO2 increase. This could be caused by too much CO2 from the sheep and the atmosphere. However, when the amount of trees increases dramatically, the amount of c-oceans, CO2 and sheep fall dramatically. This shows the atmosphere stays the same because it is in equilibrium; matter cannot be destroyed, it can only be changed.


answer:
The Earth's atmosphere maintains a relatively constant concentration of carbon dioxide by the trees absorbing carbon dioxide at the same rate as it is being released.


answer:
The level of carbon in the atmosphere runs parallel to the level in the oceans. As the carbon in trees increase, the carbon in atmosphere and ocean decreases. The relationship between the sheep and others are unknown as they seem to outlie.


answer:
Grass grows back so the sheep can't eat all of the grass at a single time. When the sheep reproduce, the wolves eat them, therefore sustaining themselves, and maintains the number of sheep there are.


answer:
The grass grows, the sheep eat it and the wolves eat the sheep. When the sheep runs out of grass, they start to die, and so the wolf does not have enough to eat and starts to die too. However if they grass grows back, the sheep will reproduce more as they have more food. Then the number of wolves are maintained.


answer:
there is a rapid decrease in the almospheric CO2 after fossil fuels have stopped being burned


answer:
The burning of fossil fuels release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. If the fossil fuel burning stopped, a great amount of carbon dioxide is kept from being released, causing a rapid decrease in the levels of CO2 in the atmosphere.


answer:
the key ideas in this model are that the more fossil fuels are burned, the more CO2 is released into the atmosphere


answer:
Through the carbon cycle the carbon dioxide is passed through different stages which include sheep, trees, the atmosphere and the oceans.


answer:
Through the carbon cycle. The carbon is released into the atmosphere by sheep and then it is absorbed into the oceans it is then evaporated and absorbed by trees. The trees produce oxygen, and the sheep use up the oxygen, and release carbon dioxide, starting the whole cycle again.


answer:
When the sheep population decreases due to the wolves eating them, the grass grows due to the lack of grazers. the wolf pop also decreases in numbers because their main food source (the sheep) has been depleted. There is a slight lag in population decrease between the wolves and the sheep due to breeding relationships and other factors. The sheep do not eat all of the grass because when there isnt enough grass the sheep population decreases, therefore allowing the grass to grow back. wolves do not eat all of the sheep due to the same effect.


answer:
The amount of grass depends on the amount of wolves. This is because as the grass has less grazers it grows in abundance. WHen this happens then the amount of sheep that were left reproduce because of the fact that they now have an abundance food and energy resource. Gradually the sheep population increases in such a manner that the grass dies out. The wolves that were left now have a lot of sheep to eat so they begin increasing in numbers. When the sheep population begins to decrease  so does the wolf population due to starvation. Therefore this cycle continues.


answer:
The Earth's atmosphere maintains a relatively constant concentration of carbon dioxide by converting carbon dioxide into carbon (ie. wood and coal) through the trees. As the absorption rate increases so does the release rate, hence a relatively constant concentration of carbon in the eatmosphere is achieved.


answer:
The less carbon dioxide there is in the atmosphere and the oceans, the more likelihood of tree population expansion and the much fewer sheep. poor sheep :(


answer:
They form a dynamic equilibrium of energy input and output. They have balanced, even though it varies, meaning the cycle is complete and the number of sheep and wolves and the area of grass is exact to enable the continued prosperity of their world.


answer:
I would call this relationship dependent, dynamic equilibrium/cycle, or in other words a food chain. If one element in lacking the others also effected. Even a small change can be disaster.


answer:
Trees store carbon and release oxygen. Animals e.g. sheep breathe in oxygen and release carbon. Together trees and animals control the amount of carbon in the atmosphere.


answer:
When there are more trees there is less carbon in the atmosphere. The ocean absorbs carbon and releases a smaller amount of it.


answer:
1. The grass regrows and the sheep keep reproducing as there is plenty of food to sustain their population. The wolves are a minority in comparison to the sheep therefore there are still sheep left over. The sheep population keeps growing due to the grass regrowth therefore wolf population grows. As sheep population declines, the wolf population declines.


answer:
Each species must rise and fall in numbers in a pattern similar to the others. i.e. sheep populations grow; wolf populations grow as they have plenty of food, but as there are now more wolves eating the sheep, the sheep population falls, thus the wolf population falls, but the more grass grows, etc.


answer:
Grass regrows often when the sheep population is diminished.Sheep will also be eaten by wolves too quickly to eat the grass.Food gain affects the population growth which in turn also affects the balance of living organisms in the program.
 
The effect of reproduction can also affect the population maintanence. If the wolf reproduction is slower than sheeps reproduction than there will always be more sheep than wolves. Also the population of wolves also affect the sheep's ability to reproduce quicker.


answer:
Sheep, wolves and grass are all part of a food chain where sheep eat the grass and wolves eat the sheep. As the population of the sheep growth increases due to the faster regrowth of the grass the wolf population also grows which will affect the population of the sheep causing chain effects to reoccur. The less grass, the less sheep. The less sheep the less wolves and the more the grass.


answer:
Grass regrows
 
as the sheep popuation goes down the grass population incresases
 
the effect of reproduction can also affect the population maintanence
 
the wolf reproduction is slower than the sheep reproduction. 
 
so there will always be more sheep than wolves
 
population of wolves will affect the sheep ability to reproduce quicker
 
the sheep cant eat the grass because the wolves eat the m too quickly
 
food gain affect population growth


answer:
the relationship is a food chain where the wolves eat the sheep and the sheep eat the grass.


answer:
The sheep do not eat all of the grass because not all the grass is accessible by the sheep. Secondly, when the sheep die, there is an oportunity for  the grass to flourish. 
 
The wolves do not eat all the sheep because wolves in their nature are territorial which means they hunt in their own area. There is a high possiblity that the sheep dwelling in another territory can not be access by the wolves in the area and therefore they die.


answer:
The grass falls under the first order category, the sheep fall under a 2nd order category and the wolves are part of the tertiary category. This hierarchy ensures that the population graph follows similar trends. For example, more grass will result in more sheep which will result in more wolves. Thus the graph displays dynamic equilibrium.


answer:
There is a constant cycle between the animals and plants, and carbon dioxide is constantly absorbed and released in the atmosphere.
 
It may be also due to photosynthesis and respiration.


answer:
It takes a long time for it to change between them, and they usually stay in one place for a long time.
 
When there are less trees to absorb the carbon dioxide, there are also less sheep, as there is insufficient oxygen for the sheep. 
 
When there are more carbon dioxide in the atmosphere from the fossil fuels, the ocean also increases in carbon dioxide, as it absorbs and releases it. It therefore has an interconnected relationship- one affects the other.
 
The earth's atmosphere is a closed system as matter cannot be destroyed. The carbon in the ocean and the atmosphere are constant as the carbon moves everywhere due to dynamic equilibrium.


answer:
After the fossil fuel was brought back to zero, the carbon amount in the ocean and the atmosphere varied. Both carbon levels rose when the fossil fuels were raised but when lowered back to zero, the carbon level in the atmosphere decreased but the carbon level in the ocean increased steadily.


answer:
Patterns stayed fairly on track until the amount of C02 and c-oceans suddenly rose up.
 
More fossil fuel, more sheep.


answer:
To stimulate a situation of when carbon levels are raised and decreased. It is also to see the effects of carbon levels on living beings e.g. sheep.


answer:
The grass regrowth can sustain the sheep population, therefore providing the wolves with their food, maintaining the food chain in a pattern like manner. Because it starts off with more sheep, theoretically, the sheep do not die out because the number of wolves never exceed the number of sheeps there are.


answer:
When there is more grass compared to sheep and more sheep compared to wolves, the food chain is able to be sustained, allowing life for all three things. However when you turn the grass off, the sheep population thrives and the wolf population dies out.


answer:
When increasing the number of fossil fuel burning, the atmospheric CO2 suddenly increases. However, after fossil fuel burning has stopped, the atmospheric CO2 stays stable.


answer:
The first model showed a food chain. The second model was showing how fossil fuel burning and other environmental issues can have an impact on different things in our atmoshpere. The second model is a crabon cycle. It is similiar because they both have an equilibrium. The chain effects are also similiar, showing that if ne thing changes, it affects all other parts of the cycle/chain. There is dynamic equilibrium.


answer:
- plants absorb the carbon dioxide for photosynthesis, carbon is released back into the atmosphere with the decaying of living things and it repeats. (the carbon cycle)
 
- by changing the 'form' in which carbon exists in.
 
-


answer:
with the increase in land clearing, the amount of carbon in the atmosphere increases/decreases with the amount of carbon in the ocean. as the amount increases in the atmosphere, it decreases in the ocean. 
 
the carbon amount in trees increase at an individual pace, and directly correlates with the decrease in sheep. the increase in land clearing might lead to a more concentrated amount of carbon in the trees?


answer:
The sheep do not eat all the grass because their population is keep down by the number of wolves. The wolves cannot eat all the sheep because the sheep population is their food supply, and as the sheep population goes down the wolves slowly die out because of the loss of their food supply.


answer:
The relationship in this system is that the grass is eaten by the sheep which is eaten by the wolves, which decreases the populations except for the wolves which increases. Overtime with the loss of the wolves' food supply, the wolf population decreases while the sheep and grass growth increases. This repeats over time and should hopefully not die out.


answer:
when fossil fuels are burnt there is more carbon released into the atmosphere. After fossil fuel burning stops the amount of carbon in the atmosphere decreases.


answer:
Burning fossil fuels releases carbon into the atmosphere. When fossil fuels stop being burnt the level of carbon in the atmosphere decreases.


answer:
It shows the relationship between carbon in the atmosphere, fossil fuel use, trees and sheep.


answer:
Carbon dioxide is not being released into the atmosphere at such a fast rate, but it is decreasing much slower than when the fossil fuels were burning and the rate of carbon dioxide was increasing.


answer:
Fossil fuel burning releases carbon dioxide. The sheep are still producing carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide that was released takes a while to be absorbed again by the trees and oceans, due to the enormous amount of carbon dioxide that had previously been produced by fossil fuel burning.


answer:
This model shows the interaction between the different elements, and it shows how each of them are closely related to one another.


answer:
it starts to decline rapidly but the c oceans remain fairly equal but then going down. the number of trees also rises but the sheep population begins to fall.


answer:
There is less fossil fuels (carbon from dead organisms) entering the air so there is less CO2. the oceans absorb carbon but since there is less of it in the atmosphere it starts to go down as well. the fact that the number of trees rises suggests that thay don't need or are limited by CO2 or the carbon in oceans. the sheep population falls and this may be a result of the booming tree population as it may reduce the space available for grass to grow. it also may limit the amount of light reaching the grass and this could affect the rate of photosynthesis and growth. this impacts the sheep as they have a smaller food source.


answer:
it is similar because there is an equilibrium 
 
all the factors are connected/linked
 
Both are closed systems
 
there is no predator in the second, but the sheep population declines
 
Carbon is abiotic
 
second is more to do with air
 
to do with survival and population fluctuations


answer:
After fossil fuel burning has stopped, the atmospheric CO2 decreases rapidly.


answer:
The fossil fuel burning releases gases which trap the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.


answer:
The key ideas in this model is to identify the relationship between tree growth, carbon dioxide presence in the atmosphere and ocean, and also how sheep fit into the grand scheme of life


answer:
At zero, there are only white dots floating in the sky. When you slide the 'Fossil Fuel' to the right, black dots emerge from the sheep, into the atmosphere.


answer:
The sheep die when there is more fossil fuels present. This is because the fossil fuels affect the hole in the ozone layer.


answer:
Everything in the world interconnects with each other and becomes a cycle. Where there is too much of one thing, it can affect the whole cycle. 
 
The two models are different in the terms of the sheep one refers to the animal cycle and the carbon cycle is on a bigger scale.


answer:
It goes down after the fossil fuels stop burning.


answer:
The atmospheric CO2 decreases after the fossil fuels stop because both are related.
 

 
When burning fossil fuels, CO2 is released, but when the burning of fossil fuels has stopped, there is little or no CO2 released, so the number goes down.


answer:
In the carbon cycle model, the relationship between the different components isn't as clear (well not to us anyways). The CO2 in the air and the ocean stay almost always at the same ratio, however, the trees and the sheeps' relationship isn't exactly clear.


answer:
the level of CO2 in the ocean increase as the CO2 in the atmosphere significantly decreases


answer:
the CO2 in the atmoshpere is absorbed by the ocean.


answer:
that carbon dioxide is rotated through out our earth and is oborbed and processed to beceom oxygen thanks to our lovely trees.


answer:
The Earth's atmosphere can maintain a relatively constant concentration of carbon dioxide if the number of animals and trees are balanced, there isn't a large amount of fossil fuels burnt and the amount of greenhouse gases released into the air is regulated.


answer:
The relationship between the carbon in the atmosphere, the oceans, the trees and the sheep is that even a slight change can affect the closed cycle. The relationhip between the amount of carbon in the atmosphere and the ocean is parallel.


answer:
CO2 increases dramitically when the fossil fuel burning increases and decreases when the fossil fuel burning is returned to zero.


answer:
Fossil fuel can increase CO2 due to its burning of other chemicals and the release of C02 as the remainder of what has transpired in the fossil fuel burning process.


answer:
They are both chain effects where one disturbance will cause a chain reactionthrough the entire process and nature of the chains. Both are dynamic equilibriums.
 
The difference is that one is affected physically while the other is affected chemically.The C02 is a closed system because you cannot create new C02 where as in the wolf, sheep and grass effect, increases in the population is caused by reproduction.


answer:
the co2 level increases dramatically as more fossil fuels are burning


answer:
the more fossil fuels are burning, the co2 levels go up. and if the fossil fuels decrease the co2 levels decrease.


answer:
they are both chain effects where if one causes a diturbance it will affect the rest of the chain  
 
the wolf and sheep one is physical and the carbon cycle is chemical


answer:
After the fossil fuel stopped the CO2 rapidly decreased, then gradually decreases as the same rate as the Carbon in the sea. THe line does rise and lower as the trees take part of the carbon away in summer.


answer:
It happens because the fossil fuel station stops burning coal and producing CO2, therefore there is a lesser amount of CO2 released into the stomosphere.


answer:
THe main differences is the aim of the model, the first was to track the progress of a food chain of grass, sheep, and wolves, while the second was to anaaylse the effects of CO2 and fossil fuel burning. However, the main concept is quite similiar, as both track how certain elements interact with each other.


answer:
When a lot of fossil fuels is being burnt the levels of CO2 in the atmosphere rise exponentially. When burning has stopped, the CO2 levels begins to come down very slowly. The amount of sheep die and the trees go up when fossil fuel burning ceases.


answer:
When we burn fossil fuels, we release carbon into the atmosphere thus the increase in CO2. The increase in trees also help manage C02 in the atmosphere. The sheep were not affected because the population was declining anyway.


answer:
DIFFERENCES
 
- There are no wolves
 
- This is focuesd on carbon cycle and not as much on wolves eating sheep and sheep eating grass
 
- The Carbon Cycle is very constant
 
- The Carbon Cycle seems more long term
 
- The Carbon is constant, there wasn't a constant for the wolf model
 

 
SIMILARITIES
 
- Animation was good
 
- The sheep die in both of them


answer:
When we start burning fossil fuels, the CO2 levels go up and eventually the c-oceans levels will also increase.  When we stop burning fossil fules, the CO2 levels go down slowly but the c-oceans are also increasing, and then eventually crosses the level of the CO2.  The population of the sheep are decreasing at a very slow rate, and the amount of trees are increasing.


answer:
Because of the levels of CO2 increasing, the number of trees increase at a very fast rate.  It also causes the amount of c-oceans also increase.  The sheep's population could be decreasing because there isn't a good balance of oxygen/carbon dioxide in the air, so they're slowly dying out.


answer:
In both models, the sheep's population decreases. However in the first model, the wolves die out causing the sheep to multiply again.  In this model, the sheep's population drop and continue to decrease, and it does not increase again because it is caused by a different factor.  In this first model, if the amount of sheep and wolves were the same then there would be an equilibrium, but it's not the case for this model.


answer:
As the sheep exhale carbon dioxide the trees help the environment absorb the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmoshpere and balance the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmoshpere ^^.


answer:
It is the carbon cycle, the sheep release carbon dioxide and the trees and oceans absorb carbon too
 
The atmoshpere and the ocean are parallel.


answer:
After the fossil fuels have stopped burning, the CO2 levels go bakc down.


answer:
The more fossil fuels we burn the more CO2 there is in the atmoshpere.


answer:
To create an experiment that shows the carbon cycle because experiments on climate cannot be created in reality.


answer:
the atmospheric C02 increases dramatically and independently from the amount of carbon in the ocean and trees.
 
the amount of carbon in the oceans also increase at a constant rate, but slower than that of the atmosphere.
 
the c02 starts to decrease instantly when the fossil fuel slide is moved to zero, but the amount of carbon in the oceans continued to increase, but at a slower rate.


answer:
fossil fuels are few million year old fossils of carbon based life forms/living things, so burning them directly releases carbon into the atmosphere as carbon dioxide.


answer:
to identify the relationship between trees and the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and oceans and demonstrate the effect of human actions on the carbon cycle(fossil fuel burning, land use, land clearing)


answer:
When the fossil fuel use increases, the amount of CO2 increases rapidly. However, when it stops, the maount of CO2 gradually decreases, as there are not enough trees to absorb them quickly.


answer:
This pattern occurs because the burning of fossil fuels can quickly release carbon dioxide. However, the absorbtion rate by trees is very low, therefore CO2 rate decreases slowly. Also, there are other factors contributing to the continuous output of CO2 even if the burning of fossil fuels stop.


answer:
The key ideas of this model is to see the correlation between the amount of CO2, c-oceans, trees and sheep. It also shows how carbon circulates through the atmosphere.


answer:
Most of the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is absorbed by trees. By following the process of photosynthesis (drawing in co2 and sunlight, producing glucose and oxygen as a waste), we can gain that the levels of carbon dioxide in earth's atmosphere is maintained by the ability of plants to convert c02 into oxygen. 
 

 
Carbon dioxide can also be maintained through the earth's natural greenhouse effect.


answer:
The concentration of carbon in the atmosphere drops as the carbon in the oceans rises, and rises as the ocean drops. Numbers of sheep are closely linked to the number of trees, although a change in any one of these factors can lead to a mass effect.


answer:
Increase in CO2 creates a spike in the CO2 atmospheric levels but as fossil fuel burning stops, the levels gradually fall.


answer:
1. C-ocean levels increase showing that it must absorb the CO2 emissions in the atmosphere. 
 
2.


answer:
Differences:
 
-Confusion towards c-ocean thing
 
-gradual incline vs sudden spike in levels
 
Similarities:
 
-Interconnectted aspects (as each value change, they affect other values) eg. sheep increase = wolf increase


answer:
It gets absorbed again by the trees and grass, and the amount of atmospheric carbon dioxide decreases and goes to normal again.


answer:
There are many trees in the field which absorbs the carbon from the fossil fuels.


answer:
Fossil fuels should not be burnt,and more trees should be planted. The four spheres are all connected, the amount of carbon dioxide affects the sheep and the ocean.


answer:
After the fossil fuel burning has stopped, the amount of carbon in the atmosphere decreases.


answer:
The pattern comes about because when you burn the fossil fuels because carbon is released when the fossil fuels are burnt, so the amount of carbon increases.


answer:
The key idea about this model is to demonstrate the carbon cycle and how it can stay constant but things like greenhouse gases and fossil fuel burning can affect it.


answer:
The carbon dioxide in the atmosphere increased and decreased in a balanced cycle as the number of trees increased and the number of sheep decreased.


answer:
The fossil fuels affect the number of trees. The trees increase as the sheep decrease. There is more carbon dioxide than trees to produce oxygen so the sheep are dying.


answer:
How each factor including the sheep, the factories and the trees affect and produce carbon dioxide which relate to their cycle into the atmosphere and the ocean. The Greenhouse Effect is also a major factor in the carbon cycle.


answer:
After fossil fuel burning has stoppied, CO2 levels decrease significantly and thereon mantain a constant level.


answer:
This pattern is due to the fact that carbon cannot escape from the atmosphere and instead moves from one place to the other within the earth. This causes levels to remain constant.


answer:
This model is useful for finding what effect fossil fuels, land clearing, land us and CO2 levels have on sheep, the air, oceans and trees.


answer:
Trees absorb the carbon dioxide, the sheep or other animals produce methane gas, fossil fuels burning in factories release carbon into the air.


answer:
After fossil fuel burning stops, the atmospheric carbon dioxide begins falling.


answer:
As the carbon dioxide levels are falling the 'c oceans' are rising. I believe that the 'c oceans' refers to the amount of carbon dioxide disolved in water. 
 
In the graph its shown that the CO2 rates are falling, the c oceans are rising and the population of sheep and trees are declining.


answer:
The main difference is the fact that amount of CO2 in the atmosphere does not change and any changes from one form to another. This is the carbon cycle. However unlike the previous model the number of sheep and trees lowers down despite the stop of the production of co2.


answer:
After the fossil fuels have stopped being burnt the carbon levels in the ocean continue to increase sightly slower and the amount of CO2 released into the atmosphere is lessened. The level of C02 and carbon in the ocean is very equal.


answer:
As soon as we stop burning as much fossil fuels less carbon is released into the atmosphere, and the trees can absorb more, converting it into oxygen. Therfore, less carbon dioxide/CO2.


answer:
The first model tended to focus on the balance of a foodchain, whereas the second model was focusing on the balance of gases in the earth's atmosphere. The main similarity between these two models is that they both teach us that each can be greatly affected by one small change, and to have a continuous cycle that supports life we must reach an equilibrium. 
 
The idea of dynamic equilibrium as all the parts of the model are moving, if one thing changes it affects the other things too.


answer:
After burning fossil fuels, CO2 stops increasing dramatically, and slows down into a slight increase. Once c-oceans increases, CO2 decreases, once C02 increases, c-oceans decreases therefore it is dynamic equilibrium.


answer:
Burning fossil fuels directly increases the C02 present in the atmosphere. The ocean absorbs the CO2 in the atmosphere and after a it while it gets released.


answer:
Similarities- both show the same relationship between the variables. They are both dynamic equilibriums.
 
Differences - more variables in the 2nd one and only 2 variables out of the 4 are related to each other.


answer:
It spikes rapidly when the bar is put up to 20 GtC/Year. When the bar is put back to 0 GtC/Year the CO2 emmissions slowly decrease.


answer:
The spike in the graph showed that the emmision of carbon made more carbon dioxide in the atmoshpere and in the ocean which have a chain effect in the cycle which helps us to understand the process of a closed system and where carbon goes in the cycle.


answer:
The difference is that the first one is about the population of the sheep and wolves (predator-prey system). The second one is about the cycle of where carbon is emmited and absored. 
Both systems are closed system.


answer:
It increases expotentially. The increasesd fossil fuel there is, the more is used thus the more is released into the atmosphere. Therefore, the atmosphere CO2 increases.


answer:
(note: there is no land use and land clearing) the fossil fuel use at 3 GtC/year is sustainable over the longer.


answer:
The concept of the dynamic equilibrium applied to the Carbon Cycle as the carbon level is constant within certain parmameters depite the changing factors around it.


answer:
Dynamic equilibrium is where a factor of the earth's environment remains constant in the long term within specific parameters, thereby achiving equilibrium as it remain constant to a point and yet it does not remain static as it fluctuates somewhat.


answer:
The levels of atmospheric CO2 increases when fossil fuel is burned and carbon deep in the ocean is released. this is because more carbon is being released into the atmosphere.


answer:
Even though the carbon cycle involves carbon moving around from the atmosphere, the ocean, plants and animals, the amount of carbon in the earth stays the same.


answer:
there is a certain amount of carbon on the earth and when nothing interferes with the amounts, the amount in the ocean and the atmosphere stays relatively equal even though the carbon is contantly moving between the areas


answer:
The CO2 levels increase dramatically, and at some point the CO2 levels in the ocean also increase.  It forms an even pattern and the two increase at a similar rate.


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To be sustainable, try to burn as little fossil fules as possible.


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In the first model there's a state of dynamic equilibrium between the relationship of the grass, sheep and wolves.  If you changed one of those factors, the other two would be affected.  Similarly, in this model, one factor depends on another.  Because of the oceanic absorbtion and release, and photosynthesis and respiration from plants, the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere was somewhat stable, but once you start changing things around, everything in the cycle is affected.


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Dynamic equilibrium is the balance in a system where one factor that is changed affects the entire system.  eg. in the second model, the oceanic absorbtion and release, and respiration and photosynthesis from plants create a somewhat stable pattern.


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When fossil fuels are being burnt there is an immediate increase in CO2 levels, but when this process stops, the co2 levels gradually decrease. This cycle can be noted by changing the amounts of different resources available in the environment. The c02 levels are prominently affected by these resources. after the fossil fuel burning stops, it takes a couple of decades for atmospheric and ocean carbon dioxide levels to return to their initial levels.


answer:
This pattern comes out because of the change of the fossil fuels as co2 is produced by the burning of such fossils. At the start of the model the relationship between the carbon dioxide is in equilirium but when the fossil fuel rate changes along with other factors, the carbon cycle is prominently affected.


answer:
The similiarities is that if actions are taken in order to maintain equilbirium in either systems then all goes well. On the other hand if any resource is changed in any way it results in the destruction of the other resources. The differences were that the effects of the carbon cycle were larger and took longer to correct itself. on the other hand, once the sheep died out, they were premanently dead. You were able to corrwect the dynamic equilibrium of the carbon cycle, even if it took decades to do it in.


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The atmospheric CO2 is increasing rapidly with the burning of fossil fuel. After an obvious increase in density of CO2 in the atmosphere, the ocean gradually absorbs the CO2 and they eventually crossover for the ocean to have a larger amount of CO2 as to the atmosphere.


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a sustainable fossil fuel usuage would be a 1


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It is increasing at a steady rate. It is increasing moth the amount of atmospheric CO2 in the atmosphere and ocean.


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As if you change one factor in the models, everything else is changed.


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Dynamic equilibrium- if you change one factor in your experiment, everything else will be effected. To mantain an equilibrium, all factors have to be in balance with each other.


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The atmospheric carbon dioxide increases at an alarmingly fast rate, and the level of carbon in the ocean increases at a faster rate, than when fossil fuels were not burning.


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3GtC per year of fossil fuel usage would be sustainable over the long term.


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The concept of dynamic equilibrium applies to the Carbon Cycle model, as everything is changing,yet there is stil and equal amount of carbon that is sustainable from when the carbon cycle first started.


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The concept of dynamic equilibrium is a concept that displays the state of balance between the different elements, such as the atmosphere, trees and sheep. Despite the fact that everything is constantly moving over time, the elements stay balanced. This is shown, as the level of carbon dioxide only changes with human interference (fossil fuel burning).


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There is a large amount of atmostpheric co2 compared to oceanic co2 when the amount of fossil fuel burnt is increased. As fossil fuel is burned carbon is released .


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No fossil fuel or a very minimal amount of fosssil fuel use is the best.


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An equal amount of carbon moves around the closed carbon cycle.


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Dynamic equiblirium is a cycle that is constantly changing but remains stable in the long term. It is similar to the amount of people in a school, because there is always a variation of a few students in each grade but overall the student count remains the same.


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Atmospheric carbon is increasing rapidly.


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The amount of carbon in the atmosphere doesnt change much unless fossil fuel usage moves up or down, therefore making it a dynamic equilibrium.


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Dynamic equilibrium means constantly changing but staying the same in the long term. For example the temperature in a fridge may change but it is still around the same temperature.


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Atmospheric fossil fuel is increasing rapidly. This is because


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A low level of fossil fuel usage would be sustainable over the long term, because fossil fuel takes millions of years to be produced again. By using fossil fuel at a slow and steady rate, the world has enough time to reproduce more fossil fuel for us to use by the time we run out of previous fossil fuel, or the fossil fuel that had been produced millions of years before.


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The relationship between trees, ocean, atmosphere and sheep shows dynamic equilibrium because


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The relationship between trees, ocean, atmosphere and sheep shows dynamic equilibrium as the amount of carbon dioxide overall stays the same, however the amount in the trees, ocean, atmosphere and sheep does constantly change. As one increases, another one decreases. For example, the amount of water in our world stays the same, however the location and form of the water constantly changes.


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The atmospheric CO2 rapidly increases when more fossil fuels are burnt and when DeepOn switch is on. The amount of carbon in the sea also increases, but not as fast and much as the amount of carbon in the atmosphere. The amount of trees and sheeps also stays rather constant.


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Dynamic equilibrim is how the amount of carbon in the atmosphere and the ocean are parallel, even though they have different amounts, the pattern of increasing and decreasing is similar.


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When you turn deepon and burn fossil fuel, the CO2 in the atmoshpere increases.


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Dynamic equilibrium means that over a longterm the CO2 in the atmoshpere is equal but in short term the amount of CO2 increases and decreases.


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Dynamic eqilibrium is when a factor of the environment is changing in the short term but if observed in the long term, it is constant, so the equilibrium comes from the fact that it is constant, but the results aren't static, therefore it is dynamic.


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it's not stable when you put CO2 in. it moves around in the air and then absorbed in the ocean and remains in an area for a while.


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not very much as it changes factors too quickly for a sustainable equilibrium to reform. also you are adding more CO2 to a closed system but where it has more unnatural effects on other organisms. Apart from humans, nothing else burns fossil fuels - the fossils would have stayed there and not be released, and this is an unnatural, unexpected process not factored in which dramatically unbalances the equilibrium.


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it remains balanced but the balance moves around depending on influencing factors. the population numbers don't stay the same and depends on other populations


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a dynamic equilibrium is a relationship between factors that remains fairly equal but moves around. They change constantly but even so remain a balance between them.


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The atmospheric CO2 quickly increases again. There is no visible correlation between the CO2 in the atmosphere and turning on the deep on, but the c-deep increases.


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This depends on how much land use and land cleared is turned on to. The most sustainable level of fossil fuel usage is zero.


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The carbon is in a closed system and therefore the total amount of carbon dioxide is constant through out the carbon cycle.


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Dynamic equilibrium is how carbon is in the atmostphere and the sea, and can travel to almost anywhere, but are in a closed system. This causes the total amount of carbon dioxide to be constant, unless the rate in which fossil fuel is burning at is increased.


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The level in the atmosphere increases far more quickly than the levels in the ocean. Also the sheep and tree levels are remaining the same. But in the long run, the number of sheep and trees are increasing.


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The concept of dynamic equilibrium is the co2 molecules


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the atmospheric c02 increases faster with the increase in the burning of fossil fuels, and slows down only a tiny bit as time goes on.
 
the amount of carbon in the ocean increases at a much slower rate than the c02, but eventually increases in speed witht the decrease of atmospheric c02.


answer:
NONE or maybe 1 GtC per year
 
even the minimum use of fossil fuel eventually leads to a large increase of carbon in the atmosphere and oceans, a slow increase of carbon in trees and a very slow but steady decline of sheep.


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the amount of atmospheric c02 and carbon in the oceans mainly increase and decrease rapidly in a jagged pattern, and retains this pattern whether the levels are rising, decreasing or staying constant.


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something(like a measurement) that increases and decreases in a constant manner but jumps about in the actual measurements. like how the amount of carbon in the atmosphere changes with the seasons, but generally remains constant throughout the years and takes with it the jagged pattern when it increases or decreases.


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There is lots of carbon in the atmosphere and it is becoming very crowded.


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A sustainable usage of fossil fuel would be sustainable over the long term. We should not burn so much fuel because we will be killing everything on Earth. Have some restraint power companies!


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Dynamic equilibrium means that when you change one thing, another thing changes as a result. In both models there was a chain effect. In the first one, the population of the wolves change as the population of the sheep change. In the Carbon model, the carbon in the atmosphere and the carbon in the ocean are closely related.


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Dynamic equilibrium refers to the concept that when you change on thing, another thing changes as a result. An example of this phenomenon in our world is; the less production = less money (more debt)= lower quality of life = possible death.


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Preferably none. The fossil fuel takes thousands and thousands of years to make and is increasing the levels of C02 in the earth's atmosphere. It is preferable if we find another source of energy, helping the environment.


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The concept of dynaimc equilibrium applies to the two models


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It is increasing a lot rapidly, as all the CO2 from the ground is being burned into the atmosphere.


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Around 9GtC/ year, there needs to be enough time for the carbon dioxide to be converted into oxygen or dissolve.


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Most carbon levels in the ocean, sheep and air remain fairly constant and equal over the long term. However, they flucutuate between seasons, as trees grow and shed their leaves.


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When something does not change too much over time but varies a little throughout, going up and down. The heat of the day remain cosntant within a climatic system, however varies between the day and night.


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The atmospheric CO2 is increasing at a steady rate.


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5-7GtC/year is the most sustainable amount as the sheep and trees are increasing and decreasing equally.


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Dynamic equilibrium is when everything moves around but remains consistent and doesn't change which is what is happening with the CO2. The CO2 is in a closed system. They move around the oceans and the atmosphere, can be absorbed into the cycles of trees which can then die and form fossil fuels or are burnt and release carbon. The sheep inhale the oxygen from the trees and produce carbon dioxide which goes into the atmosphere. The equilibrium is more obvious on a smaller scale.
 

 
When the land usage is minimal along with the fossil fuel usage levels, the atmospheric CO2 and ocean CO2 stays at a constant rate as well as the trees and sheep numbers.


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Dynamic equilibrium is where things move everywhere but do not change otherwise.


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The CO2 in the atmosphere increases when Deepon is increased. This may be because sheep are releasing CO2. Also bruning fossil fuels releases carbon dioxide as well.


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Each compenent of the equlibrium must stay the same.


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The atmospheric co2 is increasing while the carbon dioxide in the ocean is growing but at a constant and steady speed. Both the sheep and trees are running parallel to each other.


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If the function 'deepon' is turned on, there is no level of fossil fuel that would be sustainable over long terms.


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The concept 'dynamic equilibrium' applies to the Carbon Cycle model in the way that that we are able to track the co2 molecule and find that it doesnt


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The dynamic equilibrium explains that carbon produced in the atmosphere does not stay in the one spot. Instead it moves around despite whether it is the ocean, land or the air. The 'equilibrium' refers to the fact that there is equal amounts of carbon and oxygen in the air without the influence of fossil fuels, land clearing and land use etc.


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The concept of dynamic equilibrium is applied to the two models that we have investigated in the way that all the species and levels of certain elements depend on each other.


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I think that the concept of dynamic equilibrium is the idea that all animals rely on one another- eg when the wolves increase the sheep decrease and the grass increases.


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It is increasing constantly. The increase of CO2 is mainly due to the increase of fossil fuels in the air. The fossil fuel burning increases the amount of CO2 with the burning remains which are in fact chemically changed particals into CO2.


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2GTC would be more sustainable over alonger period of time.


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Dynamic Equilibrium is a balanced effect where one change can affect the rest in a chain reaction. Both are affected and changed through chain reactions.


answer:
1.atmospheric CO2 spikes and then gradually decreases while c-oceans rise.


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No level is sustainable over the long term for all species involved.


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Dynamic equilibrium applies in that any changes made to any of the values has an affect on all other values wihtin the system.


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it is increasing constantly. the increae of co2 is mainly due to the increase of fossil fuels in the air. the fossil fuel burning increases the amount of co2 with the burning remains which are in fact chamically changed particals into co2


answer:
its a balcanced effect where if one variable is changed then the rest is affected


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The atmospheric CO2 dramatically increases. The carbon in the oceans also increases.


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Using fossil fuels is not sustainable at all in the long run. Increasing the fossil fuel consumption by 1 GtC thows everything out of balance.


answer:
Dynamic equilibrium applies to both models because the is a constant relation between the variables.


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Dynamic equilibrium descirbes the close relationship between the variables. For instance, when there is more grass, there is more sheep. Dynamic describes the changing patterns and equilibrium describes the close relationship between the populations.


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The emmission of the fossil fuels releases lots of carbon from their stored mass and so it then goes up into the atmosphere and so becomes atmosphere carbon dioxide. which becomes absorbed intothe ocean which can go far down into the ocean making there be lots of carbon getting absorbed more than what is being released.


answer:
According to the graph it is 0GtC/year that is sustainable.


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If you change something, another variable wll be affected.


answer:
It is when the variables are able to sustain themselves by themselves making a balance in the system.


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After stopping the burning of fossil fuels the atmospheric co2 decreases dramatically at first then levels off to a graudual decrease.


answer:
the dynamic equilibrium applies to both relationship since they both display some sort of a balanced relationship thats dependent on all variables and goes in a cycle


answer:
all the vairables are balanced but if one is changed everything changes


answer:
the carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere increase dramatically. the CO2 being absorbed by the oceans is increasing, but not as quickly as atmospheric CO2. the sheep and tree populations remain relatively stable. there is an immediate increase in the amount of carbon dioxide in the deep ocean - where CO2 can remain for hundreds of thousands of years


answer:
The level of fossil fuel useage that ensures that no variable of the environment increases or decreases dramitically will be sustainale for a long time. This is because such useage habits will ensure that no prominent harm is affecting the environment.


answer:
Dynamic equilibrium applies to the two models because each of the various factors that contriute to the overall environment in the models exist in and around each other. when the factors change, but then the others change to cope with the other changes and remain stable in terms of the balance between other factors.


answer:
dynamic equilbrium is when factors in an enrvironment co-exist with each other, and remain relatively stable and balanced in environmental patterns. all healthy eco-systems operate with dynamic equilibrium because this allows room for various factors to change within the environment without the collapse of the entire system


answer:
When humans breathe out air, we breathe out carbon dioxide, while breathing in oxygen. However we also have trees to do exactly the opposite. This maintains an equal concentration of CO2.


answer:
As the number of sheep decreases at a steady rate, the trees seems to be increasing at the same rate. the Co2 and the oceans have been fluctuating, however they look like they are either both increasing or deacreasing significantly.


answer:
The Earth's atmosphere maintains a constant concentration of carbon dioxide because trees absorb carbon dioxide and then release oxygen. Animals and humans then breathe in the oxygen and breathe out carbon dioxide. This cycle means that the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere stays relatively constant.


answer:
When the level of carbon in the atmosphere increases the level of carbon in the oceans decreases. When the level of carbon in the atmosphere decreases the level of carbon in the ocean increases.
 
When the level of carbon in the trees increases, the level of carbon in the sheep decreases.


answer:
Trees take in carbon dioxide and produce oxygen, and sheep take in oxygen and produce carbon dioxide. This balance of animals and plants results in a balanced level of carbon dioxide.


answer:
It undulates but is still constant. The carbon dioxide in oceans is greater than in trees and sheep. They are parallel and 'mirror' each other (the more carbon dioxide in oceans the less in the atmosphere and vice versa).


answer:
The Earth's atmosohere maintains a relatively constant concentration of carbon dioxide when the different factors (such as animals and plants) are using and producing carbon dioxide.


answer:
the carbon in the ocean and the air have similar readings in numbers and the trend shown in the graph overlaps a few times.


answer:
-there is a balance of animals and fossil fuels releasing CO2 and plantlife taking in CO2; this way the amount of CO@ stays the same, varying a little during different seasons or changes in human consumption of fossil fuels


answer:
each one is essential for the carbon cycle and if one of them is affected, it will result in changes to the atmosphere and affect the relationship between the atmosphere, the oceans, the trees and the sheep


answer:
When fossil fuel burning starts the Co2 levels rise quickly, but then drops after it stops.


answer:
The burning of fossil fuels creates carbon dioxide, which increase the level of co2 in the atmosphere.


answer:
It shows the effect of fossil fuels on the atmosphere and the balance of CO2 molecules (it greatly increases). Nature has made a balance of Co2 molecules but humans disrupt it.


answer:
A relatively low amount of fossil fuels produced
 

 
A sustainable use of land (e.g. land remains uncleared)


answer:
While the carbon in the atmosphere rises steeply, the oceans's results also continue to rise but with a slight slope. The trees and sheep remain relatively unaffected by this.


answer:
The trees control the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere by absorbing the carbon diozide and releasing oxygen in its place, while everything else breathes in oxygen and releases carbon dioxide.


answer:
The trees, ocean, sheep and carbon in the atmosphere keep each other constant by undoing and controlling the effects of each other. If human activities involving these aspects are increased or decreased, it affects the carbon rate in the other aspects as well.


answer:
The number of carbon particles increase when more fossil fuels are burnt, both in the atmosphere and in the ocean. The number of sheep are also reducing gradually. The release and absorb rate of carbon has also increased.


answer:
As more fossil fuels are released, the more carbon is present everywhere and the rate at which the carbon must be cycled is more rapid.


answer:
The key ideas of this model is to show how the different factors in the environemnt affect the cycle of carbon.


answer:
The carbon levels in the atmosphere start to slowly decrease.


answer:
The burning of fossil fuels affect the amount of carbon in the atmosphere. When more fossil fuels are burnt, the level of carbon increases. When fossil fuel burning stops, the carbon levels in the atmosphere go down more slowly. This means it is harder for carbon gasses to escape the atmosphere than enter it.


answer:
To see the effects of fossil fuels on the carbon cycle.


answer:
The trees and animals on the Earth maintain a specific balance with the levels of carbon dioxide. The respiration of animals and plants keeps the carbon dioxide levels consistent, and if, for example, human processes interfere with this balance, the carbon dioxide levels fluctuate and become inconsistent. Global Warming is occuring as a result of human actions, with fossil fuels changing the amount of carbon dioxide in the air, and this also disturbs the balance.


answer:
THe higher the concentration of caron dioxide in the air, the higher the ocean level goes. THe recovery of this is a very slow process and only occurs if the level of carbon dioxide in the air is reduced. IF there are more sheep than trees, then the level of carbon dioxide goes up, slowly yet steadily, thus increasing the amount of greenhouse gases in the air. If there are more trees, the level of carbon dioxide goes down.


answer:
There is first a dramatic rise then it gradually drops


answer:
-The CO2 pattern shows that fossil fuels contain a large amount of carbon contain in the material and when it is burned for human consumption, it is released back into the atmosphere, therefore raising the CO2 levels.


answer:
The key ideas are that nature itself has created a balance in the carbon cycle and that human activity will distrupt that balance if we continue to burn carbon-based materials and cut down trees.


answer:
When the Fossil Fuels was actually there, the CO2 and Coceans increased dramatically and the trees were fluctuating. When the fossil fuel stopped burning, the Coceans continued to rise and the CO2 has been decreasing at a very steady rate.


answer:
The more fossil fuels were burned, the more oxygen was burned. therefore there was more Carbon dioxide in the air.


answer:
there needs to be an equal (or steady) amount of CO2 and oxygen to keep a sustainable environment. If the fossil fuels continued to burn, the CO2 would have 'shot though the roof'.


answer:
The absorb and release rate keep relatively close even if the other factors are changed, and this means that the concentration of carbon dioxide remains constant as well. The Earth also maintains a relatively constant concentration of carbon dioxide by controlling other factors, such as the gases in the atmosphere.


answer:
The more sheep there are the more carbon there is in the atmosphere. When the trees are introduced, the amount of carbon is reduced. The ocean also affects the amount of carbon in the atmosphere, but not as much as the other factors.


answer:
The Earth stores a large amount of the carbon within the Earth itself and it's oceans. By maintaining this balance with trees and the oceans the Earth is able to maintain the concentration fo carbon dioxide.


answer:
The carbon in the ocean is like a mirror to the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere due to the carbon. As carbon dioxide rises, the number of trees and sheep decline.


answer:
After the fossil fuel burning stops, the level of CO2 in the atmosphere very gradually decreases to the original level of CO2. The amount of time taken to return to the original level is significantly shorter than the time taken for the CO2 levels to rise.


answer:
The pattern observed might come about because when you put a large amount of carbon into the atmosphere after burning fossil fuels, there is nothing to bring the level of carbon back down to what it originally was. Also, because there is a balance of things using and producing carbon that means the level of carbon in the atmosphere stays relatively stable, it is harder for the carbon to return to its initial level.


answer:
The key ideas of this model is that there is a carbon cycle. When variables such as land clearing and burning of fossil fuels are implemented, this affects the balance of carbon levels.


answer:
THe carbon dioxide atoms release rate becomes higher. The carbon rate in the ocean also increases, although not as much. Sheep and trees stay constant.


answer:
When more fossil fuels are being burned they create more pollution which means the trees can't keep the rate of carbon in the atmosphere and oceans as constant.


answer:
The cycle of carbon and how one aspect of the model (either trees, ocean, sheep or carbon dioxide in the atmosphere) affects the other aspects. Human interference, such as fossil fuel, land clearing and land usage, will also affect the amount of carbon in at least one of these aspects, which will in turn affect all of them.


answer:
-Ozone Layer blankets the carbon dioxide
 
-The carbon cycle is responsible for the relative constant concentration of carbon dioxide. The plants and trees absorb the carbon dioxide produced by the animals through process of respiration and photosynthesis. Carbon is also present in the water, in a dissolved state and therefore is stored only in the ocean. Atmospeheric carbon level is maintained due to the absorbtion by trees and the thick ozone layer.


answer:
The more trees there are, the more carbon dioxide is able to be absorbed. The more animal there are, the more carbon doxide becomes realeased.


answer:
- maintaining an appropritae amount of fossil fuels
 
- by controling the land use
 
- Probiting deforestation and land clearing
 
- increasing plantation


answer:
- co2 rises dramatically and rapidly when fossil fuels are at its highest
 
- living things die off as co2 and c oceans rise when land use is at its peak
 
- dramatic drop of co2 and c oceans to start with, but sheep decresing when land clearing reaches its highest
 
- when co2 peaks, c oceans increase, trees decline slowly, sheep dramatic drop in numbers


answer:
When the Fossil Fuel slider was turned to the right, the levels of CO2 increased rapidly, and when the slider was turned back off, the CO2 levels decreased, but at a slower rate than how they increased.


answer:
The increas in CO2 levels is caused by the burning of fossil fuel which produce high amounts of the gas.


answer:
Human actions disturb the balance in nature which in turn destroys the world we live in.


answer:
The gases from burning fossil fuels remain trapped in the atmosphere, and have to be slowly used up and released. Since this takes a long time, the number decreases very gradually, and the effects of burning fossil fuels has a long impact.


answer:
It shows the effect between the trees, sheep, fossil fuels and land to the carbon in the atmosphere and ocean. It also shows the effect when some of the elements are changed. It shows the relationship between all the factors which effect the amount of carbon in the atmosphere. It also shows the long-term effects of changing factors.


answer:
Trees perform photosynthesis, which is roughly when they combine carbon dioxide, sunlight(energy) and water and make oxygen and glucose. However, normal human activities release carbon dioxide, like breathing, burning wood for fire, etc. Therefore, they cancel each other out.


answer:
If you clear land and remove trees, there will be more carbon dioxide in the ocean and in the ocean. The sheeps also drop, as they don't have enough food to survive.


answer:
Earth's atmosphere mantains a relatively constant concentration of carbon dioxide when no fossil fuel is released into the air.


answer:
When you turn the trees and the sheep off the carbon level remains constant.


answer:
The level of carbon in the atmospheric Co2 decreases but after fossil fuels have been released into the air for a while, the carbon level still stays constantly high for a period of time, until it later decreases, back to its original amount.


answer:
The key ideas of this model are to demonstrate the effect of fossil fuels and the clearance of land on the carbon cycle.


answer:
Even after the fossil fuel slide had been stopped, it was still present in the atmosphere.


answer:
As soon as a little bit of carbon dioxide is added to the atmosphere, it can not go away and yet continues to effect the earth.


answer:
It is to show the carbon cycle and the greenhouse effect. It allows us to see the human impact on the earth.


answer:
The CO2 slowly decreases once the fossil fuel burning has stopped, until they reach the original balance.


answer:
The carbon dioxide trapped within the oceans is released into the air and thus increasing the levels of CO2 in the atmosphere and decreasing the levels of CO2 in the ocean (vice versa).


answer:
There needs to be balance for CO2 levels to remain stable and everything needs to be be maintained to be stable. If we interrupt the balance, there may be dire consequences for many years to come. How other factors affect carbon - animals and plants. THe dynamic equilibrium


answer:
- sheep declining
 
- tree growth and co2 are contant
 
- c oceans are rising slightly


answer:
because we arent burning as much fossil fuels, we dont have the appropriate energy to survive therefore animal population decreases
 
co2 dropped because the pollution from the burning of fossil fuels has decreased


answer:
to see the differences between what impacts the vegetation and life on earth according to the co2 levels


answer:
It drops, however, the carbon dioxide in the ocean increases.


answer:
It drops because the oceans are absorbing that extra carbon dioxide.


answer:
how carbon dioxide can affect how Earth and its elements of its environment.


answer:
The CO2 in the atmosphere increased when the fossil suels starts to burn. The Carbon in the ocean also increased significantly.


answer:
We believe that 1 Gt of Carbon per year would be the most sustainable.


answer:
It is a closed system which means that the carbon will always be equal which ever form it's in. It means that it can be in the trees, atmosphere, or the ocean.


answer:
It is maintained because of the ongoing levels of oxygen and fossil fuels that stay constant.The Carbon dioxide which is emitted by the animals is taken in by the plants, and the oxygen emitted by the plants is taken in by animals, therefore ensuring the maintained levels of co2 and oxygen in our atmosphere, resulting in a closed system. As there is the constant movement of carbon in our atmosphere, it results in dynamic equilibrium. For example, our breathing.


answer:
The carbon in the air drmatically increases adn the carbon in the ocean is also increasing but not at the same speed.


answer:
A controlled level of fossil fuel usage would be sustainable over the long term as more fossil fuels would also be formed at the same time.


answer:
The concept of dynamic eqilibrium applies to the Carbon Cycle model as although the same amount of carbon particles are present within the dimensions of the cycle, they take on different forms and interchange these regularly.


answer:
The concept of dynamic equilibrium is something that changes erratically but still retains the total amount. The water cycle is an example of the equlibrium part when the same amount of water is changed into its different forms.


answer:
plant respiration and photosynthesis leaves the atmospheric carbon in a relatively stable condition


answer:
Dynamic equilibrium is the state of a result of being consistant.
 
Eg. level of oxygen - as we breathe out carbon dioxide, trees change it back to oxygen keeping it at a constant rate


answer:
The atmospheric Co2 is inreasing but not as drastically as just burning fossil fuels. The Co2 in the ocean is also rising, unlike before.


answer:
No or as minimum use as possible. Any use of fossil fuel disrupts the equilibrium.


answer:
The dynamic equilibrium applies to the carbon cycle model as the co2 is balanced between the animals and plants and the atmosphere and oceans. It does not increase or decrease over time. The Co2 is not added or removed.


answer:
Dynamic equilibrium means that all levels undulate a little (dynamic) but are still constant and remains stable over time (equal). This counts for all the factors- it does not increase or decrease greatly. It is a closed system. 
 
The Law of the Conservation of Energy- energy cannot be created or destroyed, it can only change forms.


answer:
It is staying relatively constant, and takes even longer to decrease. This is because more carbon is being absorbed than released.


answer:
None,because even when you use a tiny bit of fossil fuel, the amount of carbon, sheep, and trees all increase dramatically.


answer:
Even though the carbon is continuously moving and not static, nothing is lost or gained, and remains the same. The amount of carbon in the ocean and in the atmosphere remain close.


answer:
Dynamic equilibrium is a system which is constantly changing and moving, although nothing is lost or gained. In our school, the students are moved around to different classes, however the actual number of students doesn't change.


answer:
There is generally more CO2 in the atmosphere than in the oceans. The release rate and the absorb rate, however, is the same.


answer:
Dynamic equillbrium applies to the Carbon Cycle model. It means that the carbon dioxide is always moving, but the amount of carbon dioxide stays constant (without fossil fuel burning) due to the balance of absorbing and releasing carbon dioxide.


answer:
Dynamic equilibrium is where something is constantly moving, but the give and take rate generally stays the same. For example, body temperature is something that is constantly shifting, but the temperature remins in the same range.


answer:
It constantly increases, but it is the same with deep on or off.


answer:
No level of fossil fuel is sustainable over the long term.


answer:
The dynamic aspect is the carbon molecules which don't rest and move all over the space. and the Equilibrium is the graph which stays constant.


answer:
The concept of dynamic equilibrium is equal.


answer:
Atmospheric CO2 increaces quickly but still decreaces very slowly.


answer:
No fossil fuel usage is the most sustainable option. Even a slight increase of fossil fuels burnt affects the balance of carbon in the atmosphere.


answer:
When variables in the carbon cycle model are changed the dynnamic equilibrium is disrupted. When no variable are changed in the model, the levels of carbon change very slightly in each individual part (for example in the atmosphere, the ocean, the trees and sheep), but the total amount of carbon stays the same.


answer:
The Earth's climate is a closed system. If left unchanged, the levels of carbon stay relatively stable, with the carbon changing form, moving from animals to the atmosphere to plants to the sea (but not necessarily in that order). When you make even the slightest change to the cycle, then the dynamic equilibrium is affected.


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The CO2 levels are rising slower than previously, but the CO2 in the ocean is also rising, which it didn't do before


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-little as possible fossil fuel usage would be most sustainable
 
-less than 4 Gigatons would be most sustainable, though anything none would be best


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The concept of dynamic equilibrium applies to the Carbon Cycle because the cycle is in constant movement but has the carbon has the ability to remain stable due to the equilibrium created by the input and outputof carbon created by the relationship between animals and plants. The amount of carbon does not change.


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Dynamic equilibrium is a closed system in which the level of 'something' is contained. There is a little bit change but overall it is constant and equal. The dynamic refers to the activity and movement- meaning that the various parts of the closed system work together making it dynamic.


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When 'deep on' is turned on and fossil fuel is burned, the level of CO2 goes up slower than without 'deep on'. This shows that if carbon dioxide is stored in the ocean, the level of the gas in the atmosphere will be less.


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IF there are enough trees to support the photosythesis of the carbon dioxide in the air, the fossil fuel usage would be more sustainable.


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This concept of equilibrium applies to the Carbon Cycle model because everything is in balance when the system is closed and there is no interference from human actions, etc. Nature and the Earth has a pattern that continues and maintains the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.


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Dynamic equilibrium is when everything is working continuously in harmony to maintain a balance and order without interference from outside factors. For example, if 4 people are working in a group on a task and everyone is fulfilling their role properly, there is an equilibrium. If one person in the group stops doing work and hinders the process, this interferes with the result that the group produces. There is no longer balance and order as something has disrupted this pattern.


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There is more CO2 in the air than it is being absorbed. The release rate is similar to the absorb rate, however overtime the CO2 levels are gradually rising.


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Less than 1 GTC of carbon dioxide is most sustainable. As it is not possible to maintain an annual 0 gtc of carbon released by fossil fuels due to human need for resources, it would be most effective to limit our carbon emissions to less than 1 GTC.


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The carbon cycle model is not static equilibrium because the carbon molecule is constantly moving. This makes it dynamic equilibrium. It moves from the atmostphere to the land to the oceans and is constantly going up and down. The carbon cycle refers to the movement of carbon from the atmosphere, biosphere and hydrosphere. Since the carbon level is being maintained and stored in different forms, the amount of it is not changing, therefore making it a closed cycle with a dynamic equilibrium.


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The way that things move and are inconstant. They don't stop however other levels stay stable.


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The carbon dioxide is constantly rising but the amount of carbon is the same as the cycle because its a close environment.


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We believe that using no fossil fuels is sustainable over the long term.


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The concept of dynamic equilibrium applies to the Carbon Cycle model by the movement of the carbon quickly around Earth and how it is transformed from one form of carbon to another. It is also a balance between the amount of carbon in the atmosphere and underground/oceans.


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The concept of dynamic equilibrium is the constant movement of molecules in different forms and the delicate balance between the amount in one form to another.


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Dynamic equilibrium is the distrubution of carbon molecules in the atomsphere and ocean. This applies to the Carbon Cycle model because it shows the carbon molecules in a stylised way.


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Dynamic equilibrium is the movement of carbon in the earth. When fossil fuels are burnt, the dynamic equilibrium changes, altering the earth's environment.


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The atmospheric CO2 is increasing, because there are more fossil fuels being burned than there are trees, ocean and sheep that can absorb the excess carbon dioxide being released.


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No fossil fuel usage would be the most sustainable over the long term.


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Dynamic equilibrium applies to the Carbon Cycle model because the carbon is still kept within the earth and its atmosphere, ocean, land, plants and animals, but the carbon is constantly moving around, even though its distribution is balanced between these aspects.


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Dynamic equilibrium is when something is kept equal and balanced, but the thing being kept equal is constantly moving and changing causing the other parts of the equilibrium to change and be kept balanced.


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As the Albedo goes up the temperature drops dramatically and vice versa. This can be due to the ice forming on the ocean. This can be seen as an equilibrium.


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The oxygen loop (output of trees and input of sheep)
 
The carbon dioxide loop (output of sheep and the input of trees)
 
There was hardly any infra-red as the albedo rate went up.


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The global temperature drops dramatically as the albedo increases. The more light and radiation that is reflected by the Earth, the cooler it gets, as the heat is not absorbed by the Earth. When the light and radiation is reflected, it is loss into space.


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CO2 atmosphere at the start, brightness of sun, oxygen, cloud cover, albedo.


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As albedo increases the temperature decreases.


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Sun rays keep on going up and down and in and out. Carbon.


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As albedo levels increases, the global temperature decreases and vice versa. The albedo forms an ice layer between the suns rays and the ocean, hence it controls the temperature decrease.


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If you start out with CO2, it gradually becomes part of the system again


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As the albedo increases, the temperature decreases.


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The feedback loops are the albedo and cloud cover


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The temperature drops as the albedo increases and heightens as it decreases. When the albedo was brought up to about 0.60, the temperature dropped dramatically.


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The output is carbon dioxide but it becomes 'input' as the tree breathe it in.


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With increase of albedo, the temperature decreases. This is because the more sunlight reflected back into space, the less warm the earth gets.


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The less albedo reflected means more sunlight absorbed into the earth, making the temperature increase. The less ice the more sunlight absorbed into the ocean, which warms it up and speeds up the melting of ice, resulting in less albedo and increased temperature.


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The global temperature declines as the albedo increases and vice versa. When the albedo was changed and the temperature declined/increased, it eventually reached a point (equilibrium) after which it stayed the same.


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suns rays- input. infra red- output. Feedback loop- incoming heat and temperature. Carbon doixide feedback loop.


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The global temperature decreases as the cloud cover increases because there is less area where the sun rays can reach the earth


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The key ideas about this model is to identify whether different elements (ie cloud cover) affects the global temperature.


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An increase in cloud cover results in a decrease of global temperature.


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The incoming radiation, the radiation reflectd and the temperature.


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To visually demonstrate the effects of feedback.


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As the cloud cover changes, the global temperature remains relatively constant, with slight variations.


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CO2 atmosphere at the start, oxygen, brightness of sun, cloud cover.


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There are also a number of factors occurring naturally other than factors influenced by humans such as burning fossil fuels, that affect the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and the oceans.
 
Some of these main factors are albedo, the brightness of the sun and the amount of cloud cover.


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As the albedo increases, the global temperature decreases and vise versa.


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When the albedo rate increases, the earth's temperature decreases. It cools for some time, then comes to an equilibrium.
 
  
 
When the albdeo rate is low, the temperature fluctuates between day and night.
 
  
 
The is due to ice forming instead of the black oceans. Ice reflects faster but is colder.
 

 
When the albedo rate increases heat is reflected faster, allowing less time for it to heat the Earth's atmosphere. The Earth's global temperature therefore gets warmer due to the changes in albedo.
 
 
 
(Second Idea) As there is more greenhouse gases, there is an increased albedo rate. The higher rate bounces off heat from the atmosphere before it is allowed to enter the atmosphere, allowing less heat in the atmosphere. The temperature therefore decreases.


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An example of a feedback loop is when the sun's heat enters the atmosphere and is then reflected back.
 
The input is the incoming solar radiation, and the output is the temperature.


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An albedo is the ratio between the number of infrared and sunlight rays reflected and absorbed into the earth. When albedo was raised up to its maximum, the global temperature dropped rapidly and when it was put to its minimum, the temperature increased rapidly. Also, the surface of the water turns to ice. Albedo does not affect carbon output and the amount of trees and sheep. An albedo causes a dynamic equilibrium.


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When the albedo was increased, the number of infrared rays being emitted decreased. This drops the temperature, therefore dropping the amount of emmitted radiation from the earth until the earth reaches a stable temperature. As a result, the Earth is brought into a new equilibrium. When albedo is decreased, the infrared emmited from the earth increases. In the statistics of the sheep and trees, the number of trees shown in the output of the system becomes the same as the input of the system. This also the same for the sheep.


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the temperature decreases gradually as a result of increased cloud cover. the clouds keep the sunlight from getting through to the earth.


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i still don't understand what feedback loops are


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i think that the key ideas in this model are that when the ice caps melt, the earth will continue to get warmer


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As cloud cover increases the global temperature varies but gradually decreases. As cloud cover decreases the global temperature increases dramatically.


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It shows the relationship between albedo, cloud cover, sun brightness and global temperature. It also demonstrates feedback loops.


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- temperature dramatically drops becoming -130` as albedo rate goes to its highest


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The global temperature drops when the albedo is higher. When the albdedo is lower the temperature is higher. This is because when the albedo is higher, more rays are reflected back into space instead of being absorbed into the ground, so it doesn't heat the ground as much, which then heats the earth.


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The temperature drops as soon as the cloud cover is thickened. It is possible that the clouds prevent heat from coming through to earth. As soon it was brought back to normal, the temperatures rose again, back to normal.


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The key ideas for this model are possibly to show the effect of cloud cover and the brightness of the sun all affect the temperature of the earth. However despite changes in temperatures there are no change in Co2 levels in the ocean and atmosphere.


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As the amount of albedo increases the overall temperature decreases. Albedo causes less infrared rays to be released and more heat to be reflected.


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Feedback loops in the system include the carbon in the system.


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as cloud cover incresase the global temperature rapidly drops and as cloud cover decreases it immediatley increases. THe temperature decreases faster than it increases, this may be because there is no heat coming in from the sun.


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it is exactly the same, it does not change at all


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the key ideas are the relationship between the temperature and the cloud cover.


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The temperature drops, most likely because the heat from the sun can not get through the cloud cover.


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Shows how cloud cover is related to temperature and shows how everything is interaleted and connected like how when the cloud cover increases the temperature decreases.


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The global tempterature decreases as the albedo increases, then coming to an equilibrium. This can be due to the ice forming on the surface of the ocean, cooling down the earth.


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Carbon dioxide and oxygen via trees; Rain cycle with clouds and the ocean; Fossil fuels and carbon dioxide; Radiation entering and being reflected by the albedo, then back to the earth by the carbon dioxide


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The global temperature drops as the albedo increases. When the albedo decreases, the temperature goes up. As more light bounces off the surface, the ground absorbs less so the air doesn't rise and therefore less heat is produced.


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output is the tenoerature, input is the incoming and outgoing radiation.


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The global temperature decreases when the albedo is high, as it reflects back more sunlight and thus not as much is absorbed. If the sunlight is high and the albedo is low, then more sunlight is absorbed. however, if the albedo is high most of it is reflected back.


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When the light is trying to escape, but is reflected back in?


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the more clour cover, the warmer the air in the atmosphere


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atmosphere and terrestial ( photosynthesis and respiration)
 
atmosphere and ocean (absortion adn release)
 
human inpact (land use and fossil fuel burning)
 

 
it is a model of the carbon cycle and the greenhouse effect


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When You increase the amount of albedo it blocks all the sunlight from being absorbed and the temperature decreases but when you decrease the amount of albedo more het is absorbed, therfore the temperatue increases.


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When the sun reflects onto the ocean and I don't know


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The more albedo, the lower the temperature goes, and it decreases very suddenly. The relationship between temperature and changes in albedo is very clear, and changes in the graph occurr almost immediately.


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When the sun reflects back out into space, it helps keep the temperature stable, thus being an input to the system, and allowing life to grow. The output of fossil fuel burning from the factory contributes to the rising temperature and greenhouse gases. The carbon atoms moving in and out of the ocean and atmosphere are also feed back loops.


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The more albedo added on the albedo slider, the lower the global temperature is.


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Feedback loops in the model include:
 
- CO2 (atmospheric to ocean)and oxygen through photosynthesis 
 
- Sunlight/albedo
 
- Rain/ H2O


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The temperature decreases as the albedo is increased. The more albedo there is, the more of the sun's heat is reflected back into the atmosphere, rather than absorbed by the Earth.


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The melting of the ice caps, as ice reflects back 90% of the heat, whereas when the ice is melted - turning into water- over 90% of the sun's heat is absorbed. the change between the temperature and due to the amount of radiation leaking out.


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the temperature decreases as the albedo increases.


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As the cloud cover increases, the global temperature decreases.


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When the cloud cover has increased and the albedo is increased, less rays are able to pass through, and into the Eaths surface, thus cooling the Earth.


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The temperature goes down dramatically, but the carbon content stays consistent. The temperature then drops further but at a much slower rate.


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Feedback loops happen when a section of the graph is repeated again and shown after. Some feedback loops that exist in the Climate Mode with Feedback include: the trees and sheep which stay the same, and the carbon within the oceans and atmosphere loop.


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It fluctuates, but the temperature decreases with more cloud-cover. This is because it stops the sunlight from hitting the earth? Or something to do with moisture :D


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The more sunlight absorbed, there is the less cloud cover which results in increased temperature. When there is less cloud cover, the temperature increases further forming a feedback loop.


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Cloud cover affects the earth's temperature- the less there is the hotter the earth gets. Sun brightness increases earth's temperature. More albedo means a decrease in earth's temperature (the sunlight is being reflected back into space). The less ice the more sunlight absorbed into the ocean, which warms it up and speeds up the melting of ice, resulting in less albedo and increased temperature.


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Temperature rises with less cloud cover, as there is nothing to reflect the heat, and decreases with more cloud cover, as cloud cover is a form of albedo.


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When the cloud cover is at the maximum, conditions are stable, however it is an inhabitable environment. (The albedo effect)


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The albedo effect and how temperatures are effected when cloud cover and albedo are increased.


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High cloud cover decreases the temperature, while low cloud cover increases the temperature. The sun is a main source of heat, so when the clouds filter the sun's rays from the earth the earth is significantly cooler.


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Cloud cover is a major factor in temperature levels. When more of the sun's rays are reflected, less rays hit the earth making it cooler.


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If there is a high level of albedo, the temperature is much lower as more of the sun's rays are reflected back into space, therefore not heating the earth's surface. The lower the albedo, the higher the temperature, as a result of this effect.


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The less clouds there are, the more energy rays are passing through.


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It gets very 'blue' and the CO2 is absorbed into the ocean.


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When there is more cloud cover, the temperature becomes much more stable, and fluctuates slightly. It gradually decreases in temperature.


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The sun's rays, the movement of carbon atoms, the fossil fuels.


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This model shows how different aspects affect what feedback loops occur. It also shows the factors of the environment which affects the global temperature.


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The more albedo is added the temperature decreases. The more albedo there is the more reflective the atmosphere becomes therefore the sun's rays hits the earth and bounces off instead of being trapped and making the earth warmer.


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Feed back loops in the model include the change in temperature, carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, carbon in the ocean, trees and the sheep.


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the more cloud cover there is the lower the temperature as it reflects back sunlight and thus less reaches the earth. The less cloud cover there is then the more sun reaches the ground and the world is warmer.


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The more infared rays are reflected off the clouds.


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To see how cloudcover, sun brightness and albedo changes the global temperature. Also too see and identify feedback loops that are observed.


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the temperature decreases as the albedo rises. 
 
the temperature increases as the albedo lowers.


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the rise in albedo and decrease in temperature causes the environment to go cold, thus increasing the albedo ratio as the surrounding environment grows colder and thus more reflective.
 
Some of the infra-red rays which were reflected by the ocean are then reflected back by the clouds. These rays then become absorbed by the ocean or are reflected again.


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The global temperature gradually decreases as the cloud cover increases, as the it prevents the heat and light from the sun from reaching the earth.


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The rain cycle is altered due to the increased cloud cover, leading to large amounts of rain.


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The aim of this model is to find out the effect of variables such as albedo and cloud cover on the temperature of the world.


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The higher the albedo, the lower the global temperature. This is because more light is reflected off the Earth's surface back into space, therefore not as much is absorbed into the Earth, meaning the global temperature is less than if the albedo was lower.


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-Sun hitting the Earth's surface, albedo occuring, Infared rays boucing back into space, warming/cooling of the Earth
 
- Fossil fuel burning, trees take in CO2, release oxygen
 
-Sun outputs heat, Earth absorbs heat and reflects some back


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The temperature decrease as cloud cover increases and the opposite happen when cloud cover decreases. This si because cloud cover blocks the amount of sunlight that reachs the surface of the Earth and therefore less air is heated up.


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output is temperature and the input is sunlight and infrared


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To show the feedback loops when one element of the model is changed. It also shows the change in temperature and how it is affected when an element of the model is changed.


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When there is less cloud cover, the temperature of the earth goes higher as there is no barrier between the rays of the sun and earth's surface. The opposite is also true, as when there is more cloud cover, less of the sun's rays penetreate the Earth's atmospherical sphere.


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The carbon content in both the atmosphere and oceans remains similar and the temperature spikes when the cloud cover meter is changed.


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The key ideas about this model is to understand that the Earth will repeat cycles, looping. How the weather affects the cycles.


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Cloud cover affects global temperature in the way the more cloud cover, the lower the temperature. The less cloud cover, the higher the temperature. With minimal cloud cover, the temperature can reach -100 degrees Celcius, wihle the maximum cloud cover can heat the earth to over 67 degrees Celcius. This is because with less cloud cover, more light is able to heat the earth, while more cloud cover can block light, therefore reducing heat.


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Tye clod cover depends on the sun-brightness, because no matter how much cloud cover there is, it doesn't matter if there is no sun light. Therefore, if there was no cloud cover, the temperature is supposed to go up rapidly, but because there is no sun, the temperature just continues to go down.


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The key idea of this model is to show the relationship between the albedo, sun-brightness and cloud-cover on the global temperature and how they are all related. It also shows how the effects of one aspect affects another.


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The global temperature drops as a result of less cloud cover. With more cloud cover, there is less sunlight reaching the earth which means the earth's temperature increases. Photosynthesis cannot be carried out effectively and there is an excess of CO2 and greenhouse gases which increases the temperature.


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Feedback loops include:
 
-Sunlight/albedo
 
-CO2


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-Temperatures rising and falling as a result of cloud cover, albedo (light) and its relationship with CO2.


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When you increase the cloud cover more sun rays are reflected by the clouds to be absorbed by the earth so the temperature decreases but when you decrease the cloud cover the sun rays are allowed through to be absorbed by the earth and the temperature increases.


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The way the suns heat reflects into the atmosphere and reflects back?


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The ideas of this model is to measure global warming, and increase the human impact upon the carbon cycle and observe the results.


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the temperature rises as the cloud cover decreases
 
the temperature decreases as the cloud cover increases


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more infra-red rays being reflected back onto the earth due to increased cloud cover
 
there is less sun coming in and heating the earth due to the increased cloud cover


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to show how cloud cover affects infra-red rays and sunlight distribution. in addition to this, we are able to see how the albedo ratio affects the temperature.


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The overall temperature increases when there is less cloud cover because the clouds stop and repel heat from the sun entering the earth's atmosphere, therefore more heat can enter and this warms up the earth. However, when there is more cloud cover, more heat is being repeled and less heat are entering, so the temperature decreases.


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The carbon in the atmosphere and the sunlight rays and the infrared rays.


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The relationship between clouds and the temperature of the Earth.


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The more cloud cover there is, the temperature decreases. The cloud cover blocks the sun's rays from reaching the earth, making the temperature cooler.


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When the cloud cover changes, the feed back loops that occur are the changes in temperature, carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and carbon in the ocean.


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The key ideas are idenitfying the changes in temperature as a result in changes in carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, sun brightness, cloud cover and albedo.


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When albedo is increased the temperature goes down because the ice on the surface of the ocean  deflects the light and its heat, therefore, cooling the earth down.


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The input is the sunlight and the output is the co2.


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The temperature goes down when there is a large amount of cloud cover because the clouds absorb the heat and reflects it away so it does not reach the ground.


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To observe the effects of changing the environmental factors of the earth


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The more cloud cover there is, the colder it is as the clouds stop the sun's heat from entering the atmosphere. With less cloud cover, the sun enters abundantly heating the atmosphere.


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When the heat enters the atmosphere, and there is no cloud cover, the heat is then outputted in the same proportions they are inputted. 
 
(Idea 2) When the sun rays hit the earth's surface, the ground absorbs some of this heat.
 
(Idea 3) If there are lots of heat from entering from the atmosphere, large amounts of heat are looped in and out, while if there are less heat due to cloud cover, not much heat is looped in and out.


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The sun's brightness, amount of CO2, albedo rate and cloud cover all affect the earth's temperature, either making it colder or warmer.


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Increases in carbon dioxide raise the temperature of the globe.


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The temperature can be stabilised by reducing the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, as carbon dioxide traps in heat therefore warming up the earth.


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The feedback in the model is recorded in a graph with different coloured lines showing temperature, CO2, C02 in oceans, trees and sheep.


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Feedback is when you obtain information through observation. For example, when my goldfish died I made the observation and commented on its deceased status.


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The temperature changes with the amount of cloud cover. If there is less cloud cover, the temperature gets higher, as the sun's rays are more intense. If there is cloud cover, this will result in a cooler temperature as the sun's rays are being somewhat blocked.


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CO2 affects the temperature sunbrightness affects the temperature albedo affects the temperature cloud cover affects the temperature they all interrelate and affect each other.


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I think the key ideas are that if one aspect is changed, everything else changes in some way, such as temperature, sun-brightness and cloud cover.


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when carbon dioxide in the atmosphere rises, temperature becomes unstable


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220 GtC carbon dioxide
 
13 sun brightness
 
0.30 albedo
 
38% cloud cover


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depending on the albedo rate either the earth takes in the suns rays or reflects it


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feedback is when the change of the albedo rate affects the temperature to rise or decrease however there comes a time when the temperature stablilises and does not chang. this is due to the adaptation of the weather system.


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The temperature drops steadily due to the increase of albedo produced in the atmosphere.


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The feebacks loops which exist in the Climate Model include CO2s, albedo and the sun's radiation reflecting from the earth's surface.


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The global temperature becomes mores stable before decreasing as the cloud cover increases. Likewise, as cloud cover thins, the global temperature rises dramatically.


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One of the feedback loops that exist in the operating model is the effect of the cloud cover on the global temperature.


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The feedback loops in the relation between cloud cover and global temperature.


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The more cloud cover there is, the lower the global temperature goes. The cloud cover acts as a barrier between the Sun and the Earth's surface. When there is less cloud cover, there is more sun rays reaching the Earth's surface. Cloud cover can also cause rain, thus, meaning cooler weather.


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-The Sun sends heat waves to the Earth but the heat is blocked and absorbed by the clouds
 
-When you reduce the cloud cover, you let my heat get abosrbed, which results in increase in global temperature


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- That cloud cover affects feed back systems and how much heat and light reaches the earth and is absorbed, which in turn affects temperature


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as the albedo increases the global temperature goes down, as albedo goes down the global temperature rises.


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some feedback loops include carboon dioxide and trees where carbon dioxide is produced by sheep and fossil fuel where as it is als a input for trees.


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The carbon dioxide reflects the outgoing infrared heat and so when it bounces back, it heats up the earth.


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When the output from one part of the system becomes the imput for another part. In this case, it is the albedo and the changing temperature.


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The more CO2 in the atmosphere the more infrared rays are reradiated back into the atmosphere. These infrared are heat, and they warm up hte atmosphere. CO2 is a greenhouse gas. Greenhouse gases trap as much heat (infrared rays) as possible.


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Because it takes quite a while for the global temperature increases to affect the whole Earth.


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The more carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, the higher the temperature.


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Feedback is when an action causes consequences, either good or bad. Teachers give feedback to students as a way of telling students what they can improve on and what they are doing well in.


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When you decrease the atmospheric carbon dioxide it doesen't stay constant.


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The global temperature increases can be limited to only a few degrees by changing the slides to a suitable amount of which I am unsure of.


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We give what we take, therefore we feed the back.


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I'm not sure exactly what feed back is. I am giving you feedback right now.


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the increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide also increases global temperature and causes the earth to heat up.


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by removing greenhouse gases from the atmosphere the temperature flat lines


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the concept of feedback operates in this model through the input of carbon dioxide, heating of the earth and therefore output of more energy.


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feedback is when there is more energy being put into the earth's atmosphere than the outgoing amount. this difference results in the heating up of the earth. this heat then radiates more energy away from the earth, minimising the difference between the incoming energy and the outgoing energy. for example, in order to lose weight, you must burn more kilojoules than you eat.


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The more carbon dioxide there is in the atmosphere, the higher the temperature gets, as CO2 is a greenhouse gas resulting the heating of the earth.


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Global temperature increase are limited to only a few degrees by negative feedback? Limited supplies of carbon as we are in a closed environment.


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Positive feedback within is the accumilation of radiation and temperature


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Positive feedback is when A produces more B which in turn produces more A. While negative feedback is when A produces B which in turn destroys A.


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The more atmospheric carbon dioxide there is, the more the temperature, until it levels out again.


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The feed back loop levels out the termperature, which means that the temperature will not continously rise or continuously decrease. The global temperature increases can be limited if we counteract the increase, by reducing greenhouse gas emissions.


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The ratio between the suns rays coming in and being reflected is changed, but this is counteracted by the rise in temperature. This levels out any change.


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Feedback is where when something occurs, it is levelled out. For example when there are more students in the school, a teacher and class is created to level out the increase of students, and to lessen the crowded classes.


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The carbon dioxide alters the amount of heat that is reflected and kept within. The readings stay mostly the same.


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Global temperature increases can be limited to only a few degrees as the heat that passes through the Earth is dispersed over the vast planet, making the temperature similar worldwide.


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The concept of feedback that operates in the model is that, although the different slides can be changed, the world will still return to a stable state, even if (for example) all the albedo is removed.


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Feedback is the resulting information when something is being measured. This can be shown by graphs, print or photos comparing two or more different changes.


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The more carbon dioxide there is, the temperature increases and vice versa. This is beacuse CO2 has a greenhouse effect in the Earth's atmosphere.


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Feedback operates in this model. It is displayed by the incoming heat and the expelling radiation


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The concept of feedback is related to the inpout and output of the climate model, wherein the output of a system is also a part of the input into the said system. For example, when temperature is changed, it affects the ratio of reflected sun- radiation to that absorbed, which in turn affects the temperature, continuing on in a cycle.


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The more atmospheric CO2 there is, and greenhouse gases, the rays that have already been reflected by the Earth, are reflected back into the Earth's surface and get absorbed. 
 
Increases in CO2 in the atmosphere mean that less heat is able to leave the Earth's atmosphere


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Not all infared rays are reflected back to Earth. The changes are very gradual.


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The sun sends heat to the Earth which is then reflected back, creating a feedback system.However, albedo and cloud cover levels interfere with the system.


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Feedback is the input and output in a system. An example of this is the heat from the sun being reflected by the Earth. The sun's heat is the input and the reflection of the rays is the output.


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As atmospheric carbon dioxide increases, global temperatures also increase. This is because the carbon dioxide gases form a blanket around the Earth and retain more of the heat that tries to escape back into space.


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The amount of excess of carbon dioxide or greenhouse gases in the atmosphere is not enough to trap an amount of heat radiation enough for causing a large change in the global temperature. Also, life on earth cannot withstand extreme changes in temperature.


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Heat radiation from the sun is an imput into the Earth and heats the Earth. This heat also escapes through the Earth's atmosphere back into space.


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Feedback is when something is imput into something and there is also an output in response to that input.


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The more carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, the more of the sun's heat is reflected in the atmosphere, heating the earth. This is called the greenhouse effect.


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The temperature fluctuates between day and night anyway, so it takes a long time for both temperatures, in the day and night, to increase together.


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One thing affects the other, but when it changes it affects to first thing again.


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Eating ice cream. The ice cream is eaten because its cold, but it is eaten, it melts and is no longer cold. 
 
Also the sun's heat melts the ice cream.


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The more carbon dioxide, the higher the temperature. It rises and then evens out.


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If the amount of sunlight heating the planet is controlled, there will not be significant temperature changes.


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There is a chain reaction in this model, how everything operates in a circle until all the factors have evened out.


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I think feedback is when everything continues one after another as a result of a change.


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It takes a long time to change the temperature ALL around the world


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it is telling us how the temperature changes according to the input and output of sunrays


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It is the relationship between the input and output. An example is like a bank. If you add money in and not spend it will go up but if you put money in and use the same amount then it would be 0 money and if you put money in but use more than you have then it would be negative.


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The more co2 in the atmosphere the higher the temperature gets. This is because the co2, a greenhouse gas, stops the sunlight from escaping the earth and reflected back into space. This results in the earth heating up.


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Less producing CO2 - less burning of fossil fuel. Negative feedback reduces the change.


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Positive feedback is when it increases the change, negative is when it decreases the change. Difference between input/output? The temperature increase on earth is limited because of the negative feedback which reduces the change. An example of positive feedback is the ice caps melting which results in more water and more sunlight absorbed by the water which heats up the oceans and melts the ice caps faster.


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Positive: A results in B which in turn results in more A
 
Negative: A results in B which limits A
 
Example: You don't know how to answer a question -> stress, panic -> makes it harder to solve the question due to the stress.


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when co2 is increased the drops and rises of the temperature goes rapid.


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As atmospheric carbon dioxide increases global temperatures decrease. It produces a greenhouse effect that reflects radiation.


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If fossil fuel burning stops the amount of carbon in the atmosphere is smaller. Global temperature increases can be limited if a new equilibrium is reached.


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Feedback is shown when the sun rays are the input and infra red rays are the output.


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Feedback is when the output becomes input in a system. E.g. food is the input (when you eat it) and the waste is excreted from the system. It is the food i.e. the input in another form.


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The temperature increases in both situations (where the carbon is increased as well as decreased). When the carbon is decreased, the temperature rises because there is nothing to stop the heat from coming in. When the carbon is increased, the temperature rises because the infra red radiation that is released from te oceans stays in.


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atmospheric carbon dioxide warms up the earth as it reflects back the sun's rays onto the earth like a greenhouse


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The global temperature increase can only be limited to a few degrees because the earth reflects radiation, as well as release warmth.


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When the albedo turns white, the red lines representing radiation is reflected of the surface and the red dots lessen. When the albedo turns black, there is more red dots.


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Feedback is the relationship between the albedo and the global temperature. For example, when the albedo increases, the glbal temperature decreases.


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The changes of the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere results in the gradual increase in the global temperature with a few slight drops. The carbon dioxide in the atmosphere traps the heat resulting in warmer temperatures.


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The change in global temperature is very gradual because it is on a very large scale. Therefore it takes a longer time for the changes in the atmosphere to affect the whole planet.


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The model illustrates how one variable can affect and change the temperature. These changes can also result in the modification of the first varibale.


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The concept of feedback is when one variable is changed which affects another variable. The second variable being changed again affects the first variable. One example that I've experienced is when I annoy my brother, he gets mad, and so he annoys me, and now I'm being annoyed.


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Changes in the atmospheric carbon dioxide affect global temperatures because the temperature increases as the levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide increase. This is because the carbond dioxide gas traps the heat of the sun in the earth's atmosphere.


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Global temperature increases can only be limited to a few degrees as all of the average temperatures from around the world have to be included in this measurement. Thus, the coldest temperatures of the earth have to be factored in with the hottest temperatures resulting in a small global temperature increase.


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The concept of feedback applies to this model as it shows the sun's rays effect on the temperature as well as other aspects (such as carbon level in the ocean and atmosphere) in the model.


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The concept of feedback is the ratio between the amount of the sun's rays and the global temperature.


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Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas, so higher levels of carbon dioxide cause the Earth's temperature to rise. As shown in the model.


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Because there is a lot of surface area of the earth. There is more to heat u.


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The concept of feedback operates by the input and output of the model.


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The concept of  feedback is when you recieve


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The carbon dioxide acts as a blanket and reflects some of the infared rays back to the earth. Infared rays are the heat so therefore if there are a lot of carbon dioxide molecules in the air it will reflect more infared rays back towards the earth and therefore the earth will get hotter.


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The amount of carbon dioxide molecules in the atmosphere's change should be minimal. The sun's brightness could remain stable and the albedo should remain stable as well for a minimal change in global temperature.


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The solar radiation comes in whilst the infared goes out and leaves the erath in a state of equibrilium no matter what the temperature is.


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Feedback is when the object goes back to a state of equilibrium no matter what the variables and variations are. An example of feedback loops is when you eat something and then release it from your system your food becomes your input and your waste becomes your output but your body remains in equilibrium.


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When the atmospheric cabon dioxide rises, the global temperature rises, therefore when the atmospheric carbon dioxide decreases, the global temperature decreases.


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Even if the atmospheric carbon dioxide increases seemingly without an end, the global temperature only reaches a temperature close to approximately 60 degrees celcius.


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When one specific aspect of the model is altered, another aspect is altered along with it as a response.


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Feed back loops occur when part of the output of a system becomes an input to the system. There are various examples, one of which is the albedo and the temperature which is changed due to the amount of sunlight and how much of it is refracted as infrared. Another example is the cloud cover and the temperature.


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The carbon dioxide in the atmosphere remains the same unless fasiil fuels are added into the atmosphere.Carbon dioxide has a natural cycle that it goes through so unless something is added, it shall remain the same.


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The Earth is a very big area so it requires time for the blanket of carbon dioxide to trap the heat and create the greenhouse effect. This process is gradual because it requires a lot of carbon dioxide to get the desired effect.


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The heating of the Earth is due to the input of sunlight and the output of carbon dioxide.


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The concept of feedback is the amount of effort you put in is the amount of effort you get. An example would be, the more effort I put into my assignmnet, the more marks I'm gonna get out of it.


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Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas, which means that it traps heat in the Earth's atmosphere, so the more carbon dioxide there is in the atmosphere, global temperatures increase.


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The clouds, carbon and the ozone layer all affect the amount of heat that comes into the earth and therefore the increase of the global temperature is limited to only a few degrees. However, the clouds can reflect both the sun's rays and the infrared rays whilst carbon can only reflect infrared rays.


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The input of the model are the sun's rays and the output are the infrared rays.


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The feedback is something that has an input and an output like the sun's reay and the infrared rays.


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Changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide affect global temperatures, because more atmospheric carbon is being added to the system. This leads to higher temperatures.


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Global temperature increases can be limited to only a few degrees, because amount of atmospheric carbon dioxide varies. Also, the amount of carbon being absorbed by the oceans and trees can change the atmospheric carbon dioxide.


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The concept of feedback operates in the model through the input and output of sunlight and infra-red respectively.


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Feedback is the concept of different inputs and outputs that respectively operate in nature. One example is input and output of sunlight and infra-red respectively.


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reduce carbon dioxide can limit the global temperature from its variating differences in temperature.


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Increasing the input of atmospheric CO2 causes a widespread variation  in temperature whereas a decrease in atmospheric CO2 causes a faster and more frequent variation.


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Sun-brightness and cloud cover should be equal.


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Feedback is portrayed as a cycle of input and output through CO2, sunlight, cloud cover and processes like photosynthesis.


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When there is more atmospheric carbon dioxide, the global temperature is higher. This is because the carbon dioxide reflects heat back into the earth's surface stopping it from reaching space.


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Global temperature increases can be limited to only a few degrees by removing greenhouse gases.


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When you increase the amount of the sun's rays coming into the earth, the temperature increases. This increase causes more energy to be radiated back out into space, until the balance between the energy coming in and going out returns to what it was originally.


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Feedback is when there is more energy coming into the earth than going out, so the temperature rises. Because the temperature is higher, more energy is radiated back out into space, until the amount being radiated back out returns to being the same amount as the energy coming in.


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After using fossil fuel the temperature above the land is more than the temperature above the sea. This is because the ocean absorbs the heat, and does not radiate it back as infrared, while the earth does. The sea absorbs incoming solar radiation and there is minimal outgoing radiation while the land is the opposite.


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The wind is being carried around- the hot air rises, cools down and goes back down, and continues in a cycle. The heat from the land and sea duffuse to the air above. The hot air becomes less dense and rises.


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The land is solid therefore when the heat is absorbed, it remains in there. Water is less dense and therefore it is easier to pass through for the heat. As water is also reflective the form of ice, it probably still has the same properties when in liquid form.


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The heat rises upwards as that is the nature of heat and this is above land, shown in the graph. The temperature above sea is not as high as the waters absorb the heat.


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the land is heating up faster than the sea and therefore the air around the land where fossil fuel is burning is heating up faster


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The dust is rising where the air is warmer (where the sun is heating the land) and hot air rises but towards the ocean, the environmet is cooler and less dense therefore the hot air falls back down as cool air


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The temperature above land is more than the temperature over the ocean after using fossil fuel. This is because the burning of the fossil fuel creates trapped heat. This heat rises and heats up the land, but the ocean heats up slower so it becomes colder in the water than it is over land, which absorbs the heat faster. Basically, the land heats up much faster than the sea.


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Hot air rises and cold air sinks, so the heat particls travel in circles, rising to the sky where it becomes colder. This causes the particles to sink, before being heated more as they reach the land and rising again. This causes a convection current.


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The temperature on the top of the land is hotter than the ocean since the land heats up faster. The land also retains more heat than the sea.


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The land is hotter which heats up the air above it. Hot air is lighter than cold air, so the hot air rises. The hot air is 'pushed aside' by the hot air behind it. The air gets cooler as the air gets higher. The now cold drops as it is heavier, then is 'pushed aside' by the cool air beside it and is heated again. This happenes in a cycle.


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The sea can absorb and manipulate the temperature while the land reflect most of the rays.


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The hot carbon dioxide rises and the higher it gets, the cooler the atmosphere. this results in the carbon dioxxide coming back down. This is how convection occurs in the model.


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Because the ocean is a larger body and thus takes longer to heat up, even though it absorbs more heat. However, the land reflects more infared back but heats up faster because there is less of it.


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Convection occurs in this model with the greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. As the land heats up, the hot air rises, and as it gets further away it cools and falls, thus making a convection cycle that continuously moves in a circle.


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Because land absorbs heat faster than the sea


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Convection occurs in this model as the difference in temperature over the land and sea results in a convection current, as shown with the dust particles. The heated air particles over the land cool down as they move over the sea, and then back over the land. This then becomes a cycle which is repeated constantly.


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The ocean absorbs more heat/sunlight than the land - absorbing 90% of the sunlight. The land heats up faster than water, therefore the land is warmer than the temperature above the oceans after using fossil fuels.


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The warm air rises, forcing the cold air down. This is a cycle, as there is sunlight shining on the ground, warming up the ground and the air above the ground, causing it to rise.


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The albedo is decreasing the temperature because the uv rays are being reflected. When the carbon is increased, the temperature increaases because there is more heat and less is being reflected.


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The main property is the carbon dioxide because its the one that makes the difference between whether the temperature is hotter, or cooler. This also depends on how much fossil fuel we use.


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The albedo is decreasing the temperature because the uv rays are being reflected. When the carbon is increased, becasue of fossil fuels, the temperature increaases. There is also less being reflected when there is more carbon in the atmosphere.


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The temperature on the top of the land is different to that over the ocean after using fossil fuel because the land heats up faster than the sea and the sea absorbs the temperature slower and also remains more constant in temperature.


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Convection occurs in ths model as the sun heats up the earth, causing the warm air to rise, and the cooler air from the ocean comes in to replace to warm air and it just becomes a cycle called a Convection current.


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Because the land heats up quicker than the sea, as the fossil fuels trap in more heat, the land is absorbing the heat quicker than the ocean is.


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As the land is heated up, the dust particles which are representing the wind, they move away from the land because the warm particles are lighter and the cool particles are heavier. Therefore, signs of convenction occur.


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The temperature on top of the land is different to that over the ocean after using fossil fuel because the land heats up faster than the sea.


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Convection occurs in this model because we can see heat convection being stimulated here. The pink circles represent the heated air particles and the blue circles represent the cooler air particles. As the fossil fuel use increases, the number of heated air particles over the land increase, affecting the cooler air particles that circulate towards them.


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The temperature on the top of the land has a different temperature than over the ocean after using fossil fuels as it increases the effect of the land reflects a lot of the infared back, while the ocean absorbs more and and emits less, thus making the temperature different.


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The convention occurs in the moving particles in the atmosphere, with the land heating up the particles, thus making them have lower density  than the air around them and rise and forcing cold air to replace it.


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the fossil fuel usage causes the sea and land temperatures to rise (assuming the albedo is less than 1), although the land heats significantly faster than the sea.
 
albedo affects how much the land and sea heat up - the higher the albedo, the lower the temperatures


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to show how albedo affects the fossil fuel's imapct on the temperature. This means that in different regions of the world, the impact of fossil fuel usage varies, even if the usage is the same.


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- Once fossil fuel is increased, the temperature increases dramatically and disturbs the convection current. 
 
- Once albedo is increased, the temperature decreases dramatically and the temperature of the air is cooler. There isn't a convection current.


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The more fossil fuel there is, the higher temperature above the land and sea. The air heats up and there is a convection current. 
 
The more albedo there is, the lower temperature above the land and sea. The air cools down and there is no convection current.


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The colder air is pushed by the warmer air over the ocean creating colder temperatures above the sea and warmer temperatures above the land.


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The particels in the air get heated up and push the colder air next to it downwards, creating a cycle - which is convection.


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When the fossil fuel usage is very high along with a low albedo, the air molecules heat up very quickly, causing the temperature to rise. This causes convection current to occur in a much smaller area.


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The main property of the system is the changes in temperature caused by the amount of fossil fuels burnt. The area and the speed of the convection current are dependant on the temperature, so when the amount of fossil fuels burnt is increased and the temperature rises, the convection current becomes a lot faster and smaller.


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Burning of fossil fuels causes tempratures of the land and sea to rise, causing the air of to move faster. The convection current is caused beacause the land heats up faster than the sea.


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Less is being absorbed by the ocean and thus more is being reflected back into the atmsophere; the temperature dropping on both the land and in the sea. Another thing noticed is the convection mcycle of greenhouse gases speeds up.


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Albedo levels as the ratio that gets reflected to the ratio that is absorbed is very important.


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-that the ocean heats up slower than the land
 
-this cause the air particles and gases in the air in a convection cycle
 
-albedo levels affect absorbtion


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- if albedo rate is very high, the dust heat up less rapidly
 
- there is less outgoing infrared radiation in ratio to solar radiation


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the balance is dependent on the albedo. when albedo rates are low then the patterns increase in speed and are quick to rise in temperature


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to determine the convection currents through fossil fuel use and albedo level.


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When the albedo is low, and the fossil fuel is high, the temperature (all three measures) spike and maintain that heat. However, when the albedo is taken up by a fair amount, the temperature drops to rock bottom. The albedo is something of a barrier between the Earth's mantle and it's atmosphere, which is largely affected when the heat rises due to factors like fossil fuels.


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The graph on the left hand side is used to create the patterns observed in the model. By measuring the temperatures at different levels within the Earth's boundaries, it shows the difference among them. It also clarifies the relationship of each area, for example: the temperature above ground is higher due to less resistance but also how heat rises.


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The model shows how factors like the fossil fuel use and albedo can influence the temperature above and below the sea as well as the average of that. Albedo is a natural occurence that is something of a safety for the Earth, should it ever overheat, taking the temperature down dramatically in only a little amount of time.


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The more fossil fuels used the warmer the temperature of the sea and land are. However, the higher the albedo is the lower the temperature becomes (as it reflects more of the sun's rays, preventing them from warming up the earth).


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By changing the fossil fuel useage and albedo levels it affects the temperature, as shown as the graph where it displays all the changes in temperature on the land and above the sea and also the average.


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To observe and see the changes in temperature as the albedo and fossil fuel useage changes. Also to see and conclude patterns in convection.


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- the air warms up and floats away from the land
 
- the cold air moves in a circular motion
 
- less infrared rays are being absorbed into the ocean and land
 
- more rays are bouncing back out


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- It is to see the relationship about albdo levels and fossil fuel use
 
- it shows what happens to the air when cold air and warm air meets
 
- The main idea is to watch the 'dust' which shoes the air movement.


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The more fossil fuel burned, the higher the temperature. The higher the albedo, the less the temperature changes, as more of the heat is reflected back into the atmosphere. The fossil fuel and albedo balance each other, so that the temperature does not change as much.


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The main property of the system that creates the patterns is the temperature and heat particles.


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The key ideas about this model is the temperature difference between the land and the sea, the balance of the temperature depending on the albedo, the convection current caused by this temperature difference, the effect of fossil fuel burning on the temperature, and the sea-breezes caused by the difference in temperature between the land and sea.


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The changes in albedo and fossil fuel affect the patterns of heat convection. The amount of albedo and fossil fuels can make the cold particles transform into heat particles and move toards the earth's surface.


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How the heat convection of the earth is affected by albedo and fossil fuel usage.


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The changes in the system's albedo and fossil fuel usage affects the patterns that you see emerging in the model because the thicker the albedo layer is, the less infrared radiation is absorbed, thus the temperature will be cooler.


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The main property is the fossil fuel which creates a pattern, also known as a convection current.


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The key idea of this model is to visually present the effect of fossil fuels and the albedo layer on the temperature of the atmosphere.


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Changes in the system's albedo minimises the effect of fossil fuels.


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Fossil fuel use, albedo effect and convection currents (winds)


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The effect of fossil fuels and albedo on convection currents and the earth's release and absorbtion rates.


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If more albedo is added the fossil fuels heat is reflected out of its atmosphere therefore the particles in the air is not convected.


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The main property of the system that creates the patterns in this model is how much fossil fuel is used.


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How both fossil fuels and the albedo creates wind and how it affects the weather and temperature. These two aspects of the model also cause convection in the air.


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When the air is warmed up, it is lighter therefore it floats around quicker creating wind!


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At a micro scale you can't see any pattern forming from the air and the movement of air. HOWEVER, at a macro scale you can see that it is forming a circular form


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Emergence is when you can't see any specific routine in little scales however when you step back and look at the bigger picture, you can see a pattern starting to form


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When the air heats up above the land, it rises and the cool air comes down to replace the rising air. This creates winds and storms becasue the air that is coming down to replace it is winds.


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The concept of emergence aplies to this model because the convection currents aren't already there. It emerges from the model to prove the wind and storm theories.


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The concept of emergence is here because the heated air rises and this creates the current when cool air rushes down to replace it. The heated air can be as a result of fossil fuels. The more heated up the air is, the stonger winds and storms will be.


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Winds form due to the heating and cooling of air with convection currents, gaining heat from the equator and cooled from the poles (due to the poles being further away from the sun and the albedo effect). As well as due to the land, heating up more easily that Storms are also formed by winds, usually by cold fronts due to sudden (cold) winds entering a warmer area. This warmer area holds a large amount of water and when it is forced up quickly (due to heavier, colder winds) it condenses faster and creates clouds, usally cumulonimbus.


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The concept of Emergence applies to the wind and storm model due to the miniscule particles floating in the air. On the micro scale (close up), these individual particles do not seem to follow the normal circular pattern, however, on the macro scale (far away) as a body they move and form a circular pattern.


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The concept of Emergence is when individual particles do not form the pattern that they can achieve as a mass. For example, on a graph, though a pattern may be linear, the results are not perfectly along the line. These individual results are the micro scale but when there are more results, the pattern forms (the macro) and then the line of best fit. The relation between animals' mass and the amount they must eat.


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The convection currents caused by the warm, less dense, expanding air being replaced by colder, more dense air results in what we would call winds. Storms are caused by the dust and other particles such as water rising with the expanding air, condensing, and then falling back to the earth.


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We are able to see the concept of Emergence in the model, as when we speed it up, we are able to see a pattern forming.


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Emergence is the forming of a pattern from a series of smaller, seemingly unrelated events/objects. One example of this is when the weather changes drastically, many people become ill with the common cold. This is an easily perceptible pattern.


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They form when the air travels through the atmosphere in a circular motion and moves in the same direction.


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Emergence is when the air particles gather around the heat that is present at a particular spot. The particles around the area emerges as a pattern.


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Emergence is when air forms specifically around a particular area containing heat (in this diagram it is near the land as land traps more heat in.


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The hot air is less dense and can hold more moisture. This makes it rise. When cold air comes, it goes under the hot air (because it is more dense) and the hot air is pused up. When the hot air rises, it cools down and the moisture becomes rain, becoming storms. Winds form due to convection currents.


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It applies to the wind and storm model because when you look at the tiny particles in the air- on the micro scale, individually, it's not distinguishable and they do not seem important but when looking at it on the macro scale, when all of them are together they form weather- like storms and wind.


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Emergents are when patterns emerge at a macro level (many together), although it may not seem distinguishable at a micro (individual)level. 
 
An example would be writing a single letter- even though the single letter doesn't make sense by itself it forms words and sentences that do.


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Warm air rises, and cold air rushes in to replace the warm air. That is wind. The more heat, the more wind. The warm air condenses as it reaches a higher altitude, as its cooler, and creates clouds. Rain forms, and sometimes storms form with it.


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A pattern emerges from the system as a result of the heat.


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It's where air is moved and formed and creates a system where heat is trapped.


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Convection makes large sections of air move in one direction which creates winds. The carbon dioxide in the air makes the wind warmer and more powerful and so it moves it creates a storm.


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The individual particles in the air appear to be moving in a random direction, but as a mass the particles are moving in a circular motion.


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Emergence is when an element of a cycle doesn't appear to be following the pattern but all the elements as a group are moving in the same way. One example is on a train, people inside the train may not be walking in the same direction but they, all as a group, are moving to the same place.


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Winds and storms form when the land heats up into the air above it, which then expands and becomes less dense than the cooler air around it, causing it to rise. This air is pushed aside by the air beneath it. The air cools down and drops, as it's more dense, and is then heated again by the land, and the cycle starts again. This convection current is a wind or storm.


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In the model, there is no visible pattern at a microscopic level, but because of the larger dust particles that are included, a pattern emerges.


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Emergence is when there is no physical pattern when observations are made at a microscopic level, but when it is observed at a macro level, the pattern emerges.


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Winds and storms are formed by the convention current caused by the heating and cooling of the particles and moving in a circular direction create wind and 'sea breeze'.


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On the micro level, the particles appear to be moving individually, however, on the macro level, a pattern is seen to be emerging.This pattern moves in a circluar manner and is a convection current.These currents create wind. This is how emergence (the emergence of a pattern within the particles) applies to wind and storms.


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The concept of Emergence refers to the patterns in particle movement and how this will affect the weather in turn.


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Winds and storms form because of the movement of air currents in the atmosphere. Things that affect this are the amount of heat that the sun radiates, the amount of albedo and the amount of fossil fuels being burnt.


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Emergence is the heat particles that travel in wind and storms and they can force certain winds to go in westerly directions due to the pressure they have against the wind.


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The heat particles are forced onto the wind and they then cause weather phenomena such as heat waves, winds and storms. I have been in a heat wave.


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Winds and storms form when the convection current becomes stronger, and with more energy, the winds become stronger. Storms form when the hot air and cold air collide and move in masses.


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The particles form a circular pattern, which 'emerges'. This pattern 'emerges' from the system when examined at a large scale with small particles being tracked.


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Emergence is when a pattern 'emerges' from a system. For example, when at a train station when people alight the train, a mass of people get off and move towards the ticket gates, while a new group of people board the train, causing a circular pattern to 'emerge'. This pattern can be seen if viewed in fast motion over a long period of time.


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Winds form due to convection, when the warm air from the land rises due it being less dense compared to the air above the ocean, the cooler air from the ocean replaces the rising warm air and it creates a cycle known as 'wind'. Storms form when the land is warm and the air is humid, and the warm and humid air rushes upwards, causing the humid air to condense and form rain, and a storm is formed.


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Wind and storm is related to the concept of Emergence because both models relate to warm air rising and cold air replacing it.


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The concept of Emergence is when air forms a pattern, due to the difference in temperature in certain areas. 
 
Example: Beaches
 
There is constantly a breeze because the air above the beach sand is warm and the ocean is cooler creating a cycle of air, aka convection current/wind.


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winds form through convection cycles
 
(so when the earth heats up because of the solar radiation the air partcles rise up and moves towards the oceans, when this happens the cooler air molecules become dense and drop to the surface) When this cool air moves in a north easterly direction this is wind


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when the cool air and the hot air change forms


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hot water and cold water mix to become luke warm water


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It goes up gradually rather than all at once. Animals and trees die faster. There's more CO2 in the atmosphere and in the ocean.


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This concept applies to both models as they both show components reacting to the way others changed, for example, the wolf and sheep model showed that the wolf population depended on the sheep population. The CO2 model shows that the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere relies on various other components to stay stable.


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The concept of dynamic equilibrium refers to the way one component relies on another to stay stable or do something.


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So when the ants disperse in a circular motion that is closest to the nest and so when one ant finds food and returns, it drops a chemical trail along the way back to the nest which the other ants are able to sniff out and so can follow the trail to more food and so they are able to collect more food and then the cycle continues.


answer:
The chemical trail is a kind of feedback to the other ants so that they can find where the food is


answer:
- Smell
 
- Following fellow ants
 
- Exploring the area and find food by chance
 
- When an ant finds food, it carrier is back to the nest, leaving a trial of chemicals as it moves. When other ants smell the chemical, they follow the chemical towards the source of food and then back to the nest reinforcing the chemicals.


answer:
- The chemicals the ants drop is an output that becomes an input, it comes out of the ant and becomes an input due to the fact that it's useful to the system
 
- Ants, they go out and come back in with food
 
- When ants poo, it is an output - and makes the soil more fertile. This means more food can grow in fertile soil which means the ants get more food which inputs energy into their system.
 
- Food is outside, and then it goes inside


answer:
At first the ants are exploring the area at random attempting to find food. When one has it leaves a chemical trail behind which the other ants are attracted to and are able to follow. The more ants with food, the stronger and larger the trail.


answer:
The output are the ants leaving the nest in search of food while the imput is them returning with the food, giving off information as to where the food they found is located. 
 

 
When the ants find the food they leave feedback behind, therefore making the trail larger and helping more ants find the trail.


answer:
They forage around the area around the nest for food
 
when they find it they take it back to the nest and leave a chemical trail for other ants to follow
 
Other ants follow the trail and get to the food and the more ants there are the stronger the trail
 
The chemical is a signal for other ants. The lower the diffusion and evaporation rate, the easier and quicker the ants find food in a group. it means that the ants can sense the trail longer after the first ant found food.


answer:
Chemical gets released, ants can follow it to the food which is the input.


answer:
Ants have senses and follow the smell and follow each other in to reach food. They also use touch to feel the food.
 
They explore the area and by chance find food.


answer:
They leave pathways as a guide to other ants. They seem to leave their sense of smell or release a kind of chemical which will alert the other ants of their discovery. The paths seem to draw in ants.


answer:
the ants find food by scattering out to different places until the find a food source. they run around until they find food. lol. they start by gathering food closest to the nest and finish with the foods furthest from the nest. They follow the chemical trail that other ants leave behind when they find food.


answer:
The chemical trail
 
The amount of food given
 
lol


answer:
The sheep do not eat all of the grass because there are never enough sheep to completely deplete grass numbers as the wolves are constantly eating them, and the grass is always growing. The wolves do not eat al of the sheep because there are more sheep than wolves and they keep reproducing because of the abundant food supply.


answer:
The sheep eat the grass and the wolves eat the sheep/ The more sheep there are, the more wolves.


answer:
The ants find food by starting with the food closest to them, and move onto the food further away. The ants drop a chemical as they move, causing other ants to follow the chemical towards the food. The chemical trail has more time to evaporate the further away the food is. When more ants are finding food, they lead other ants towards the trail, where the food is.


answer:
The ants gather food from a food-pile and the chemical it releases attracts other ants to go to the pile.  This is an example of a feedback loop because it occurs continuously to find other piles of food.  Also, when an ant takes food and returns it to the colony, it repeats this action until a new pile is found.


answer:
The sheep don't eat all the grass because before they can, the wolves will eat them. The wolves don't eat all the sheep because the sheep reproduce faster than the wolves can eat them.


answer:
The sheep eat the grass, the wolves eat the sheep, and when the sheep population is small, the wolf population also decreases. This keeps everything in balance. The grass is responsible for keeping everything alive, so it's important that there's enough to sustain the sheep.


answer:
they walk around until one ant finda food and that ant then takes as much of that food as they can carry back to th enest leaving a chemical trail behind it. other ants follow the chemical trail to the food and then take more of it to the nest.
 
the ants collect the food closest to the nest first as the chemical trail there is the strongest. then the ants will search for more food once that food source is depleted. it is harder to get food from further away as the is more time for the chemical to evaporate into the air.


answer:
in the ant scenario the feedback loop is the food. the food was once not part of that ecosystem but once the ants start to collect the food it becomes part of the ants system.


answer:
- The ants first go foraging, and when one ant comes across food, it carries it back to the nest, dropping a chemical trail for other ants to follow.
 
- They smell the food and follow the trail of the scent until they find the food.


answer:
- Output is the ants coming out from the nest to find food.
 
- Input is the ants who have found food carrying it back to the nest.
 
- Food, being brought back (input), food being consumed (output).
 
- The chemical trail, output is the ants leaving the trail, input is the ants finding the trail again.


answer:
They wander around, and then when one finds food, the others follow it, until it's all gone, and then they try to look for more food.


answer:
the ants leave chemicals, making the other ants follow it, making the trail bigger, and then more ants find the food.


answer:
1. Ants spread out of their nest and once an ant finds food, it releases a chemical which attracts other ants and the more ants find the food, the stronger the chemical scent becomes, attracting more ants overall.


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The more ants there are to find food, the more chemical is released, attracting more ants and therefore more food is added to the colony. After all the food in the colony is GONE! then the ants return to the wild to look for food and the cycle repeats.


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The ants find food by tracing the chemical trail that the other ants leave behind.


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Output from the food in piles becomes the input of food into the food in the colony.
 
The ants that find the food leave trails for the other ants which helps the other ants find the food. Thus making it a faster process.


answer:
In the beginning there is a higher initial number of sheep than wolves. The wolves also gain more from food than the sheep, and therefore do not have to eat as many sheep. The sheep do not eat all of the grass because the grass has a higher reproduction rate than the sheep.


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There is a direct relationship between the grass, sheep and wolves. They all affect each other. The amount of living animals there are affect the amount of other living animals. For example, the rate of the grass growing depends on how many animals there are.


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The sheep and wolves die out before they get to eat all of their food. As the sheep population goes down, it's food source reproduces. This also applies to the wolves.


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The relationship between the three is like that of a mini food chain. Without one or the other, the whole thing eventually collapses, with the exception of the grass. Without the grass the sheep would die, and in turn the wolves would die out.


answer:
A single forger ant searches for  a food source, and once it finds that, it leaves a chemical food trail as it returns to the nest. Many other ants follow this food trails, leaving their own, which in turn strengthens the food trail so that faraway stray ants come, and help deport the food to the nest.


answer:
When the ants follow the chemical trail to the food, but end up not getting any since all the other ants are there too. 
 
When the ants find the food, they create feedback, which is the trail. This trail then leads the other ants to find the food too.


answer:
The sheep do not eat all the grass because they don't require all the energy, and because the amount of grass stays the same because it is in a constant cycle of regrowing and being eaten. This is the same with the wolves and sheep.


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They relationship between the grass sheep and wolves is that they depend on each other for survival. Eg. grass grows, sheep eats grass, wolf eats sheep.


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It is an equal ecosystem with consistent regrowth of life that replaces the death of others. therefore its moves in a circular motion and it remains a stable environment.


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the sheep eats grass and the wolves eat the sheep. therefore if there is no grass then the food source for the wolves would die out. therefore all the life forms rely on the reproduction rate of the grass


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The temperature fluctates as the clouds move.
 
The more cloud cover there is, the lower the temperature goes. 
 
But the clouds also stop heat from going out.


answer:
one is about ants, the other is about the climate.
 
they both talk about feedback loops.


answer:
with a balanced ecosystem, the wolves have sufficient amount of sheep to eat and yet they do not  go extinct because there are enough sheep to be eaten as well as to reproduce and the same thing happens with the grass.


answer:
if this food chain is balanced then the wolves feed off the sheep which feed off the grass and the ecosystem will be balanced in population. but if there is extreme growth or loss in one of these species then it will affect all the other species


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A by product of the burning of fossil fuels is carbon dioxide, which is released into gas form in a heated state, which then rises into the atmosphere, increasing the overall amount f carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.


answer:
The first model was natual, and the second was manmade, and the result of human causes.


answer:
Sheep do not eat all the grass because they become full after a while and find different patches to graze on to allow the grass to regrow (shift cultivation). The wolves don't eat all the sheep because if they do then the sheep won't be able to breed more potential food.


answer:
Wolves eat the sheep which eat the grass. As the number of grass grows, more sheep reproduce which means more wolves. However, the sheep eat up the grass quicker and the wolves reduce the number of sheep. The sheep number are reduced, causing the grass to grow back. It is a never ending cycle.


answer:
The sheep do not eat all the grass because the regrowth rate of grass is higher than the reproduction rate of the sheep and wolves.


answer:
The whole chain relies on each other. The main component is the grass. If there is a lack of sheep, there will be more grass. If there is more sheep, there will be a lack of grass. If there is a lack of wolves, there will be more sheep and therefore there will be a a lack of grass. If there are more wolves, there will be a lack of sheep and more grass. This results in the wolves dieing out because there is no sheep for them to eat.


answer:
The termperature goes down. This could be because the cloud covers the sun's heat and prevents it rom warming up the earth. The clouds could possibly also cool down the earth as clouds are made up of water molecules.


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The temperature changes according to the amount of cloud cover. They are similar because they both change something... lol


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THe less amount of cloud cover in the atmosphere results to a higher global temperature


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The sheep do not eat all the grass because the wolves control the population of the sheep and the sheep. As long as their is more grass than sheep, more sheep than wolves, then the food chain is balanced.


answer:
The sheep depends on the grass to survive and the wolf depend on the sheep to survive. As grass is the primary producer its survival is important to the sheep and in turn important to the wolves. If there is the grass grows back too fast, the sheep multiplies too quickly. If there are too many wolves, the sheep dies out and in turn affects the wolves as there is no more food left for them.


answer:
i don't know what a feedback loop is. Sorry.


answer:
A main difference is that they are two different types of cycles, one about a food chain and the other about a carbon cycle. However, they are both similiar in the way that they are both cycles and when one factor is changed or altered, it affects the rest of the cycle/chain.


answer:
1) Increase the sheep re-produce 
 
2) Decrease the wolf re-produce 
 
3) Incresse the grass-regrowth-time


answer:
The sheep consume the grass and the wolf are the predators of the sheep. Its a cycle. When you decrease the re-production of the wolves more sheep survivive and when you increase the re-production of the sheep more grass is consumed. Though it is difficult to balance all the sections.


answer:
the more clouds there are the less of the suns rays can get into the atmosphere and warm up the earth. therefore the more clouds there are the coller it is and the opposite happens when there is less clouds.


answer:
i dont know what a feedback loop is, but im gonna guess that it is carbon dioxide that we put into the atmosphere from burning fossil fuels.
 
because the fossil fuels were in the ground and not effecting the ecosystem above but now their gases are polluting the atmosphere


answer:
they are both chemical things
 
this model is on a big scale and the oter one is on a small scale


answer:
The wolves feed on the sheep who feed on the grass. The wolves could possibly be controlling their hunting habits to make sure that there's more to go around, while the sheep do this similarly with grass so that it will last in the long term.


answer:
Its a food chain that can be broken or changed if one aspect whether it may be the amount of grass, sheep or wolves change, affecting the other aspects.


answer:
The sheep and wolves do not eat all of their source of diet: this relates to the amount of energy they obtain from their consumption of food. The higher the amount of energy the wolves gain from eating the sheep, the less sheep they must consume to restore the energy they use.


answer:
The relationship between the three of the following; grass, sheep and wolves, act as an example of a basic food chain where the grass is the primary source, the sheep are the secondary source and the wolves are the top of the food chain and are dominant. However, all three things depend greatly on each other in order to sustain each other's population, and when one species' population decreases significantly, it would affect their predator's population to decrease as well, and its prey's population to increase.


answer:
The more cloud cover there is the more the global temperature is decreased. This is because more clouds means that less sun rays can get through, making the Earth cooler. As there


answer:
When you change the cloud cover it affects everything. Most of all the temperature, it increases when there is a decrease of cloud cover. When you change the amount of cloud cover the amount of


answer:
The main difference between the two models is that one is about ants and the other is about climate. On the other hand both models give feedback. In the first model the ants gave feedback with a chemical trail. In the second model the climate gave feedback by ___.


answer:
clouds also increase the c-oceans and increase in clouds is an effect of increased burning of fossil fuels.
 
CO2 decreases as te cloud cover increases.
 
everything else remains more constant


answer:
cloud cover keeps everything constant besides the carbon dioxide.


answer:
Both are chain reactions and are limited to the number of materials in the program.
 
None are created nor destroyed.


answer:
The grass grows quickly after being eaten
 
The rate at which the sheep reproduce is also quick
 
Also the instinct of survival in animals is strong so they know that to survive they must leave at least some food so that it is able to regrow.


answer:
Depending on the rate at which sheep/wolves reproduce and the amount of energy gain from the food, the different animals dominate the ecosystem. The rate of regrowth of the grass also affects the population of the sheep, if the grass regrowth time and sheep reproduction rate are at a certain level then the two can live in equilibrium in the system. However when the wolves are added into the equasion, the population of the sheep reduces dramatically due to the hunting of their species as the wolves are carnivores.


answer:
- The higher the amount of cloud coverage, results in a decrease in temperature, as the clouds reflect the UV rays which stops it being converted into heat rays.
 
- The lower the amount of cloud coverage, results in an increase in temperature, as there are less clouds to reflect the UV rays, allowing the UV rays to reach the ocean/land boundary which converts the UV rays into infra-red 'heat'.


answer:
- UV turns into infra-red.
 
- Carbon cycle, photosynthesis and respiration
 
- Absorbtion and release of atmospheric and oceanic carbon.


answer:
Differences
 
- One is closed on is open.
 
Similarites
 
- Both feature feedback loops.


answer:
As cloud cover increases the global temperature decreases. This may be because clouds reflect heat back off the tops of clouds. This makes it harder for the sun's rays to enter and warm the earth via the albedo effect refelcting heat as longwave radiation. The lower the albedo the hotter it is as more heat is absorbed into the ground as opposed to being reflected when there is higher albedo. Vice versa, a decrease in cloud cover means higher global temperature since there is less reflection of sunlight from the clouds. (In the daytime this will occur)
 
In the nighttime, however, the situation is reversed. More cloud cover will increase the global temperature since the heat is kept in from cloud-reflection so less cloud cover would mean a decrease in the global temperature since there are not as much cloud-reflection keeping the heat in. Insulation like the Greenhouse Effect, as clouds are mainly water vapour, and water vapour is a major greenhouse gas.


answer:
Sunlight comes into the atmosphere and parts get reflected back out. When the sunlight escapes, parts of get reflected in because of the cloud cover. How much is reflected back/in depends on cloud cover. More cloud cover = more reflection.
 
Albedo effect - higher albedo = more reflection, so colder temperature.


answer:
it is a cycle depending on the factors that highly influences the results.
 
there are feedback loops.


answer:
After the fossil fuels burning has stopped, the atmospheric carbon numbers begin to drop.


answer:
This comes about because the burning of the fossil fuels results in extra carbon dioxide in the atmosphere whereas the number of trees is constant and therefore the rate of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is rising. So if the burning of fossil fuels stop, this means the output of CO2 into the atmosphere drops.


answer:
The similarity is that they have a chain reaction where each element relies on another eg. if one element changes, it will affect the overall result


answer:
With more cloud cover it is suggested that the temperature falls in the day, but warms at night. This is due to the sunlight not being abe to penetrate the concentrated cloud cover and at night the cloud cover acts like a blanket covering the warmth and not letting anything out.


answer:
It does not accurately display the affects of 100% cloud cover with the appropriate graphics, eg. the sheep should be deceased due to the fact that there is not enough sunlight coming through the cloud cover which would affect the grass and trees from growing and also the temperature has dropped drematically and so there should be a drop in numbers in all things except for cloud cover and the temperature also suggests that there should be a mini Antartica there.


answer:
In the first model it was a open model??? and the second one is a closed model. There was a larger variety of visual colour in the second model. Some similarities are that they are both interesting. They are also made out of code. A difference is that the ant one shows a theory/investigation/obtained reasearch where as the climate model feedback model shows the effect of a well known fact/fiction depending on where you stand, of what is going on in the climate cycle.


answer:
When there are high amounts of clouds drifting over the land mass, the temperature decreases.  Due to the clouds reflecting the Solar Rays, the temperature on the earth will decrease.  The clouds are causing these rays to bounce back out to space, hence less heat will be trapped on the earth and it will be cooler.


answer:
There is a feedback loop in the relationship between clouds and temperature.  The larger the amount of cloud cover, the cooler it will be on earth, and vice versa.


answer:
This model is an open system and has more variables and elements to it.  The ant model is simpler as there are not a lot of variables that can be changed, and it loops until the food runs out so it stops, but in the climate model it will run on forever as the cloud cover does not run out unless you change the bars.


answer:
When fossil fuel burning stops, the amount of atmospheric CO2 stays constant. When there fossil fuels are being burned, the amount of CO2 rises.


answer:
The burning of fossil fuels releases more CO2 into the atmosphere. This is because the atmosphere has a higher carbon absorbtion rate than the hydrosphere, biosphere and lithosphere.


answer:
Differences: The carbon cycle shows the land, sky and the ocean, whereas the sheep one shows just on land. The carbon one shows the impacts of the sheep one. It shows the gases involved.
 

 
Similarities: They both have time as a variable. They both have sheep and trees as a controlled variable. Both models show dependency on each other.


answer:
if the fossil fuel burning has stopped, the carbon in the atmosphere is lowered


answer:
the burning of fossil fuel increases the carbon in the atmosphere as well as the cabron in the ocean and the tree growth. it take a rather quick time for the carbon to increase compared to the time taken for the carbon to decrease.


answer:
there is need to balance all the factors in the diagram for all things to be sustainable. if the thing is unbalanced then all things will eventually die. the first model is a small ecosystem but this second model represents our world


answer:
After the fossil fuel burning stops, the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmoshpere decreases.


answer:
Fossil fuel burning emits large amounts of carbon dioxide, and as more fossil fuels are burnt, there will be more carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere.


answer:
Every component of the cycle will depend on each other's changes.


answer:
While the fossil fuels were burning, the amount of CO2 in the air gradually increased, however when the amount of fossil fuel production was moved back to 0 (zero), the amount of CO2 in the air was stable and was staying in a certain boundary. As the amount of CO2 in the air increased, so did the amount of carbon that was absorbed into the ocean, but it returned to a stable number after the fossil fuels were stopped.
 
Basically everything in the system stablised including the population of animals and trees as well as the amount of carbon absorbtion into the ocean.


answer:
Because of the human contribution to the amount of carbon in the air, the oceans absorbed more carbon too.
 
When carbon is produced by the humans, the amount of carbon in the air and oceans increase.


answer:
In both graphs, the populaion of trees stayed around the same amount, however when the amount of carbon production was increased, the population of sheep gradually decreased.
 
In all systems, when the CO2 was increased, the amount of carbon in the ocean also increased with the amount of carbon in the air


answer:
The amount of atmospheric CO2 drops quickly at first then slows down.


answer:
The observed pattern came about after adjusting fossil fuel burning levels. We think it went down because we didn't use many fossil fuels, which releases carbon. It dropped dramatically at first because there wasn't any more carbon being used, but slowed when the old carbon cycled through the ocean and atmosphere. No matter where the carbon transfers to it always remains in the atmosphere or the earth, so after the quick decrease in C02 levels the C02 remains consistant because it is a permanent feature of the stmosphere or earth.


answer:
The main difference is that one involves animals and the other involves the atmosphere and carbon, but like the animals, the CO2 levels in the second model was dependant on other factors, and adjusting the amount of wolves was like adjusting the amounts of fossil fuels being burnt,  adjusting the amount of sheep was similar to land usage and adjusting the grass regrowth was like adjusting landing clearance.


answer:
The global temperature rises when there is less cloud cover, but when there is more cloud cover, the temperature decreases because the birghtness of the sun increases and more UV rays are let in to the atmosphere, since UV rays and infrared rays are bounced back off the clouds.


answer:
When cloud cover is increased, temperature supposedly decreases. But infrared lights cannot escape either, so the earth actually warms. Then the rays warm the ocean, and the water evaporates to create more clouds.


answer:
The subject matter is very different. Feedback loops are a similarity. In the first model, when there is no chemical trails, the ants cannot find the food. In the second model, if there is less cloud cover, more sunlight, UV rays and infrared light is able to penetrate to the earth's surface.


answer:
1. The global temperature decreases due to larger cloud cover as solar rays are reflected back into space by the top of the cloud instead of reaching the earth's surface.


answer:
When there are more clouds, less solar radiation  reaches the earth therefore the temperature is lower. However, if we increase the sun brightness, more solar radiation reaches the earth but is trapped by the heavy clouds.


answer:
Differences-Ant model only has 1 variable affecting the changes
 
-The climate model has many variables
 

 
Similarities- Both models involve feedback systems
 
-


answer:
When there is less cloud cover, the sun's rays hit the Earth directly and heat up the ground very fast. This in turn heats up the surrounding air, raising the temperature. The clouds also block some of the in-frared rays from going back out into space.


answer:
Output - CO2
 
Input - temperature rises


answer:
One has ants one has to do with climate change. This one is on a larger scale than the ant model. The climate change one has more factors to be considered.


answer:
After the fossil fuel burning stopped, the atmospheric CO2 levels very gradually decreased.


answer:
As we increased the burning of the fossil fuels the CO2 levels in the atmosphere also increased which would mean that the burning of the fossil fuel itself contributes to most of the released carbon dioxide. After the fossil fuel stopped burning, so did the constant release of carbon dioxide and thus gradually decreasing the total amount of CO2 in the atmosphere.


answer:
Both simulations have sheep. On a more serious note, both simulations are similar in the way that if one aspect is changed, it could affect the other aspects. (eg the decrease of sheep would decrease the amount of wolves. or the decrease of fossil fuel burning would decrease the amount of CO2 released into the atmosphere. They are different in the way that the second simulation shows more aspects being affected as one is changed, emphasising how one change could affect many other aspects on a greater scale.


answer:
The atmospheric CO2 suddenly increased very suddenly when the amount of fossil fuel burning increased, but when the fossil fuel stopped, the CO2 started decreasing, but at a slower rate then that off the initial spike.


answer:
The pattern comes about as the fossil fuel being burnt, there is not a great amount being absorbed into the ocean. So the CO2 in the atmostphere increases. When the fossil burning is stopped, the CO2 level decreases slowly, as the ocean can only absorb a certain amount of carbon.


answer:
Both models are similar, where componenents in both models rely on each other, and if one of them is changed, then the whole environment it changed.
 
However, for the differences, the first one was based in a smaller environment, with just animals, however in the second model, the living features (the trees and sheep) did not affect the results as greatly. Maybe this is because the second model is looking at the carbon cycle, while the first model looked at the balance of food chains.


answer:
The amount of CO2 in the atmosphere slowly and very gradually decreases in amount.


answer:
When the setting is set so that fossil fuels burn, the level of CO2 in the atmosphere rises significantly, even if the amount of fossil fuels burnt is quite small in amount. However, when fossil fuels are set so that it is not burnt anymore, the level of CO2 in the atmosphere only very slowly decreases. When fossil fuels are burnt, c-oceans also follow along to increase in carbon amount, and when fossil fuels cease to burn, c-oceans only follow to decrease a while after the level of carbon dioxide in the air has decreased.


answer:
In both models, when you change a variable in the experiment, another part of the experiment is affected. However, it differs between one model and the other, in which in the sheep and wolves simulation, when one of the variables is changed, the all other variables are majorly affected. In the CO2 experiment, two of the variables (the CO2 level and c-oceans) are more interlinked together, separate from the other two: the trees and sheep. Relating to the fossil fuel amount that is burnt, the main two that are affected are the CO2 level and c-oceans, and the sheep and trees are only slightly, if not at all, affected.


answer:
After the fossil fuel burning had stopped, the CO2 in the atmosphere gradually declined (really slowly). However when the burning went up, the CO2 shot straight up.


answer:
When humans burn fossil fuels, the amount of CO2 being released is massive. Even if we stop the burning, the amount of CO2 will go down slowly and take a really long time for it to get back to the level it used to be.


answer:
The fossil fuels are like the grass, it fuels the CO2/sheep which goes up as the amount of grass/burning goes up. The wolves are like the c-oceans which absorb the amount of carbon in the atmosphere or eat up the sheep. A main difference is that the amount of sheep recovered quickly whereas the amount of CO2 decreased really slowly.


answer:
It declines very gradually but vegetation reproduces at a faster rate.


answer:
The level of carbon in the atmosphere remains stable even though vegetation increases and therefore absorb more CO2 because during the elapse of time, more CO2 is produced. This cycles produces a stale mate situation where the CO2 level remains the same.


answer:
In both models, an ecosystem is represented in a closed cycle.In both they display dynamic equilibrium.


answer:
The CO2 is absorbed into the ocean at a slower rate when the fossil fuels aren't being burned.


answer:
As the CO2 levels rise, the sheep die out because of the excess CO2 in the air. These heavy amounts of C02 lead to the flourishing of the trees and their gradual increase in number especially in comparison to the sheep.


answer:
The sheep have predators in both situations, in one it was natural (the wolf) and in the other it was manmade (C02). Although the burning of fossil fuels lead to the rapid growth of their


answer:
Atmospheric C02 always remains in the cycle of transfering from the atmosphere to a carbon form in the earth.


answer:
The concept of dynanmic equalibrum applies to the models because there is a nearly equal amount of carbon in the atmosphere and earth.


answer:
The level of carbon stays constant between the two. AT the begining the number of grass, sheep and wolves varied greatly, but over time the numbers became constant and were around the same amount.


answer:
When the fossil fuels stop burning the CO2 levels drop, and when amount of fossil fuels increase the levels of CO2 increase significantly.


answer:
burning fossil fuels emits gasses and substances which then increases the amounts of C02, therefore burning more fossil fuels will increase the amounts of CO2 and stopping burning fossil fuels will decrease the amounts of C02


answer:
The similarities between the models are that you can adjust the settings yourself and they both are equilibriams. Differences are that wolf-sheep one is based on nature and animals while the carbon cycle one is based on fossil fuels and CO2 levels.


answer:
- An increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide means that there is a increase in temperature.
 
- Increases the fossil-fuel use resuls in the movement of carbon from storage in the ground to release into the air as CO2.
 
- infra red heats are either radiated back into space or scattered back to earth by atmospheric CO2-agents, therfore the more co2 agents there are in the atmosphere the more infra red heats are scattered back to earth thus increasing the earths temperature.


answer:
- The carbon dioxide was originally in the atmosphere, and since it is an dynamic equilibrium it naturally balances out.


answer:
feedback = there is both output and input in the two models.


answer:
feedback = there is both output and input in the two models. 
 
eating 
 
carbohydrates from foods are digested and turned into simple sugar which the body converts into energy this energy is then used up and we eat again


answer:
The global temperature changes due to the amount of cloud cover. A lack of cloud cover results in higher temperatures. This is because the clouds reflect the sun's rays thus keeping the earth cooler. Water vapour is also responsible for maintaining the tesmperature.


answer:
The clouds cause the heat to be trapped in the atmosphere which causes more clouds to be formed as the heat evaporates waters off the ocean's surface.


answer:
The similarities are the they are both located in a closed environment and they both monitor patterns and consequences of different circumstances. They differ in the way that the first model monitors the movemetn of ants and the different things in the model are relied on each other. The model on the second one however does not link the trees and the sheep to the rest of the environment and their population and numbers do not change at all.


answer:
co2 in the atmosphere is rising at a steady rate.


answer:
well, dynamic equilibrium is essential for all animals and trees to live.


answer:
dynamic equilibrium is when the world is sustainable and when this world balances out


answer:
The amount atmospheric co2 increases. There is more atmoshperic CO2 then in the ocean. The absorbtion rate and release rate is similar. The rate in which the atmospheric CO2 and the ocean carbon is increasing is similar. The sheep carbon is decreasing and is very little. There aren't many trees.


answer:
No fossil fuel usage would be sustainable over the long term. Even if its just one or two gtc/year of fossil fuel usage, the about of atmospheric and ocean carbon increases.


answer:
The amount of carbon in the atmosphere and ocean stays constant. It is repeated. When there is slightly more carbon in the air, there is less in the ocean, and vice versa. however long term, its the same.
 

 
The amount of sheep and wolves stays constant. It is a repeated pattern.


answer:
Dynamic equilibrium is the balance of life and substances in an environment over a prolonged period of time. For example in the carbon cycle model. Since the carbon cycle is a closed system, there is a fixed amount of carbon. This means carbon can not be removed or added but can only change forms. Therefore since the carbon in the ocean and atmosphere increase the carbon in the trees and sheep must decrease.


answer:
Deep-on affects the rate at which CO2 in the atmosphere rises. 
 
Without deep-on the level of CO2 rises more rapidly in the atmosphere.


answer:
2 GtC/Year
 
if its 0 then it will fall.
 
if its too high then it will affect the rest of the ecosystem and is not sustainable


answer:
the carbon model: it is a closed cycle due to the movement of carbon atoms in the atmosphere and the level of carbon and in the correct circumstances it creates an dynamic equilibrium.
 
wolf and sheep model: the reproduction and the cycle of life creates a dynamic equilibrium.


answer:
its when the ecosystem is stable and the rate of reproduction and death is at a relatively equal, producing a stable cycle where one source does not deplete and it remains steady. 
 
school is a dynamic equilibrium: the cycle of seniors and juniors and the supply of small children in the area produces a relatively stable and steady environment.


answer:
The CO2 gradually went up as deepon was switched on.


answer:
In the carbon cycle model, oceanic and atmospheric carbon levels remained constant with eachother, but not in a static equilibrium. The ocean, atmosphere, trees and sheep exchanged carbon atoms in a closed cycle that kept going around and around constantly. The carbon levels remained constant in all aspects, showing a dynamic equilibrium.
 
In the wolf and sheep model, the wolf, sheep and grass worked similarly. Levels of the individual species fluctuated as one species reproduced or died out, but remained fairly constant with eachother throughout. This is another example of a dynamic equilibrium.


answer:
An equilibrium is when different things remain constant/equal with eachother and remain sustainable throughout. A DYNAMIC equilibrium is when the different things fluctuate by interacting with one another in a cycle whilst still remaining constant/equal with eacother.


answer:
An increase in carbon dioxide in the atmosphere means an increase in temperture and vice versa.


answer:
Even a few degrees grealy impact on the earth and it's balance of life, it also takes a lot a effort to increase the temperature by only a few degrees, it is not as easy as it sounds.


answer:
In the first model the ants leave behind chemical traces- their feedback- to other ants so they may find the recently located food source. In the second model


answer:
We have gathered that the concept of feedback refers to gaining information that can be used to help a process improve. (Experience)


answer:
If all fossil fuel burning is stopped, the CO2 from the air will slowly sink into the ocean and eventually into the deep. Thus the deep will come to store most of the CO2 from the ocean and atmosphere.


answer:
Fossil fuel usage should be kept at 3 GtC/Year. This will sustain the sheep at a stable population and will raise the tree population gradually and reach a stable population.


answer:
The CO2 acts as an outside force in the carbon cycle model. This affects the dynamic equilibrium in the model, as the CO2 is changing the balance of the cycle. However in the sheep and wolf model, no outside force is added, therefore keeping it's balance and population of all organisms stable.


answer:
Dynamic equilibrium is the balance of an ecosystem that keeps the population of every organism stable. An example would be the interference of humans in rainforests, oceans etc.


answer:
everything remains constant no matter the changes in the program made to CO2


answer:
The reason why is because while clouds are preventing UV rays from entering the earth's atmosphere it is balancing the temperature with the infrared rays and so delaying the heating of the earth's atmosphere/


answer:
In these two models everything can change with the change in the materials provided in the program. According to the amount available or unavailable everything else wil change accordingly to the effects of the the program changes made.


answer:
feedback is a sort of chain reaction which occurs when one thing is changed.


answer:
By observing the models, we are able to draw a valid conclusion. eg. when you buy something yummy, all your friends ask you where you bought it so they all end up going.


answer:
The CO2 in the atmosphere increased quite a bit and is on a constant rise.


answer:
2 GtC/ year is the most sustainable over the long term comparitively as the levels of CO2 in the atmosphere and ocean is constant.


answer:
The concept is applied to both the models as we can see that the 'subjects' are in balance with each other. If you introduce or change different factors to the subject, then the dynamic equilibrium is unbalanced.


answer:
The concept of dynamic equilirium is the idea that anything has an ongoing cycle which keeps the subjects constant, unless external forces are introduced which may disturb the balance. For example, the water cycle or the cycle of humanity where humans eat food which allows us to live and reproduce (and eventually die) then we plant seeds (farming) which creates more food, creating a constant cycle. But if there is a drought or we stop farming/planting seeds, then that would result in less foood, starvation and a drop in population, or if there is a rise in population but the amount of food stays the same.


answer:
it can be limited to a few degrees if we get more ice to form on the hwole owlrd and then the wolrd will have an ice age becuase of the feedback effect so we have to limit the amount of ice made, so that we dont have an ice age


answer:
in the ants model one ant goes and gets food and leaves a trail and then another ant finds it and the trail is stronger becuase that ant add its trail to the other ants trail and then there is more chance of anant finding the trail becuase the trail is stronger an dthen the more nats find the trail and this leads to more ants finding the trail and it goes on like that.
 

 
in the second model the more clouds there are the more warm air is trapped in the atmosphere and the more clouds there is the warm it gets and the warmer it gets the more evaporation occurs and the more clouds are formed


answer:
feedback is an endless circuit that keeps going and has more and more intense effects.


answer:
When there is more atmospheric carbon the temperature rises and vice versa when it is lower.
 
it might help to insulate the earth as it is a greenhouse gas and prevents more heat from escaping so more heat is retained within the earth's atmosphere. This means the temperature increases with the amount of atmospheric carbon in the air.


answer:
it only increases by a few degrees because it takes a lot of changes to even cause a small change in temperature. Even though the temperature change is slight, it has a large impact on life on Earth. The Earth is sensitive to change, especially in terms of degrees. A few degrees is quite a lot, since temperature change is not supposed to be drastic. Some organisms cannot adapt quick enough which can change a lot of things, affecting the dynamic equilibrium.


answer:
the more carbon there is the more insulation there is. this means that the temperature will increase with the amount of atmospheric carbon.


answer:
Feedback is when one factor changes in response to another. It then changes other things because of input and output. it is related to dynamic equilibrium. it is give and take eventually balancing each other out.


answer:
The amount of atmospheric CO2 rose rapidly.


answer:
Both models exhibit the concept of dynamic equilibrium, in the way that in the first model: The amount of sheep mirror the amount of wolves present and in the second model: the amount of CO2s in the atmosphere mirrors the amount present in the ocean.


answer:
It's the concept where one changed aspect mirrors another. For example, if we add more dry wood to a burning campfire, the fire will also increase in size.


answer:
if the carbon dioxide goes up, the temperature also rises. however, it can only be limited to a few degrees.


answer:
because the water absorbs the co2 and the ice reflects the heat, and the clouds block sunlight but trap some heat.


answer:
with the ants, the feedback was the chemical trail thing, and in the other model, the albedo effect.


answer:
it's when one thing changes, which leads to another thing changing.


answer:
the changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide affects the global temperature by making the temperature different.


answer:
They are the information that you receive from the experience


answer:
Temperature increases and then decreases and then while rying to level out, increases and decreases according to the graph. It has a rapid decrease then increase to an approx. temp. of 10 and them rapidly decreases again


answer:
The Earth's climate is already very stable after the variations that it has gone through to get a stable environment to get a dynaic equilibriame (can not spell the word) so that the smallest change in a stable environment can have a drastic affect that can spell out a change/increase of temperature limited to only a few degrees.


answer:
In the ant model feedback is used by the ants in the form of the chemical trails that can leed other ants to the food and so the trails become stronger as more ands reinforce the trail by putting down a similar trail on top. In the Climate model feedback model, the feedback is shown by the use of temperature going up and down in accordance to how much cloud cover there is and how much albedo there is.


answer:
Feedback is where an affect has an effect that then triggers another affect which makes another effect with effects the first affect. This is shown through the ant model through the use of the chemical trails being reinforced by other ants which in turn leads more ants to the food via the use of the trails.


answer:
The amount of carbon in the air and the carbon in the oceans are still increasing and decreasing in equilibrium for a short period of time, then the carbon starts to decrease.
 
Over longer periods of time, more carbon is trapped in the deep and less is left in the oceans and air. However when the amount of carbon reaches a certain level, it evens out and stays at around the same level however due to the lack of CO2 in the air, the amount of trees decreases and this releases more carbon into the air. The cycle (of increasing and decreasing amounts of carbon) continues over long periods of time.


answer:
No matter how little CO2 is produced, the carbon in the air and the ocean will always rise, the rate slows down as the amount of trees increases however after a while, the population of trees stablises and the amount of carbon dioxide increases at its previous rate one more.


answer:
Dynamic equilibrium is shown in the two models when they are left at default. Dynamic equilibrium is when a system can continue at a stable point over long-periods of time. However when a small change is made in one or more of the statistics, the system only stays at a point of DYNAMIC EQUILIBRIUM for a short period of time before one or more of the points die out or reduce dramatically while another increases.


answer:
Dynamic equilibrium is when a system can continue over long periods of time whether it be by increasing and decreasing in patterns (depending on another source), or if it is when two objects/substances increase and decrease - at the same time - at a stable rate and with each other.


answer:
Temperature increases when there is a higher number of atmospheric carbon dioxide.  The global temperature is determined by the number of 'heats' in the ocean and land.  Therefore it can be concluded that a higher amount of carbon dioxide will increase the number of heats as it can be seen that the temperature increases.


answer:
There shouldn't be a large difference in temperature because the temperature rises and changes based on the amount of solar rays that is absorbed/released back into the earth.  The clouds are a variable that affect the global temperature so as long as the cloud cover continues to fluctuate and change, the temperature will remain within a certain boundary.


answer:
In the ant model, there is a feedback in the 'chain reaction' of ants releasing the chemicals and causing the other ants to become attracted to it.  
 

 
In the Climate Model, the feedback is the clouds that affect the amount of heat that goes in and out of the surface of the Earth.


answer:
It is the chain reaction where one action leads another.  eg. weeds release their seeds into the soil when the wind blows it, so if successful it will plant a new weed somewhere else.  This chain continues.


answer:
The more carbon dioxide is in the atmosphere, the warmer the global temperature will be. Carbon dioxide and the greenhouse gases traps the heat thus warming the Earth.


answer:
Because it takes a lot of time for adjustments in the atmosphere to happen. They are changes that occur gradually.


answer:
In the ant model, the trial of chemicals act as feedback for the ants because if the trail of chemicals are stronger, the more ants can come home with food, reinforcing the trail. Meaning more ants and more foods.
 

 
In the climate change model, tweaking the albedo setting creates a feedback system. The more white the ice is, the greater the Albedo effect which means more light is being reflected which means the Earth is getting warmed as much which means more ice is formed which means more white the ice is which means more rays getting reflected which means colder the temperature.


answer:
the concept of feedback is the idea of one variable that can change to influence every other factor in the experiment.


answer:
When we turn on the 'Deep on' fossil fuels the CO2 levels in the ocean begin to decrease because it is getting stored/trapped in the bottom of the ocean. When you 'burn' fossil fuels at the same time, some of the CO2 still gets trapped in the ocean but the levels continue to rise in the atmosphere due to the burning of the fossil fuels.


answer:
1Gtc of fossil fuel should be sustainable over the long term. This is a good amount beacuse it won't be too much and won't produce too much CO2 and will last for a long time.


answer:
Dynamic equilibrium applies to both the models beacue in the 'Wolf-sheep' model the amount of wolf,sheep and grass stays stable. likewise in the 'Carbon-cycle' model the amount of carbon stays stable and doesn't dissapear/die.


answer:
Dynamic equilibrium is when the substance in the cycle stays constant/stable and never dies off. For example EVAPORATION. Water never dies off. It evaporates into the atmosphere and then precipitates back to the earth as rain. It is a stable element which is always present in the atmosphere.


answer:
Atmospheric carbon dioxide is an example of a greenhouse gas. Greenhouse gasses help trap in the heat. Therefore an increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide would cause the global temperature to increase.


answer:
Lack of greenhouse gasses results in no change. 
 
To limit the increase:
 
- The sun's brightness needs to be set at 10 (low)
 
- Very little cloud cover
 
- No albedo


answer:
In the ant model: the amount of chemicals released increased the number of ants which again increased the amount of chemical released. This helped the ants find more food quickly.
 

 
In the climate model: The clouds in the air help create more clouds as they trap in heat which evaporates water off the earth's surfae. The evaporated water then becomes clouds.


answer:
Feedback refers to the cycle that where the effects of the output increases the input.


answer:
When there is an increase in carbon dioxide, and no albedo ice cover, the temperature will increase dramatically.


answer:
WHen a bit of ice cover is introduced to the model, the temperature will remain consistent and the increase will be limited to a few degrees despite the rising carbon dioxide levels.


answer:
Feedback represents the cycle of input and output. When cloud cover is increased, temperature supposedly decreases. But infrared lights cannot escape either, so the earth actually warms. Then the rays warm the ocean, and the water evaporates to create more clouds.


answer:
Feedback is the cycle of input and output. Eg. Children in class are only motivated when the teacher gives out sweets for class discussion participation. However, once the children participate and receive sweets, they're distracted by the sweets and are no longer participating in the class discussion. This cycle repeats.


answer:
The amount of CO2 in the atmosphere is kept constant and more stable. If the DeepOn switch is on, the deep ocean will absorb most of the CO2 and store it there.


answer:
The level of fossil fuel usage should be kept at 3 GtC/year to be able to keep the CO2 levels stable and the amount of sheep and trees constant without one species dieing out.


answer:
The concept of dynamic equilibirum applies to both models as all the factors are equal and they all go through a cycle. ALl the factors are kept constant.


answer:
Dynamic equilibrium refers to the concept of all components of a particular cycle keeping a constant rate.


answer:
'DeepOn' trapped some of the CO2 molecules, however, it did not trap CO2 molecules fast enought to make a large difference in the atmospheric CO2 levels


answer:
It applies in the first model, where the grass, sheep, wolf need to be kept with a certain population number and reproducing. In the second, the amount of carbon affects the trees and sheep. If the carbon is changed to an extreme, the tree and sheep start to die out.


answer:
Dynamic equilibrium is where the components all rely on each other and it is kept in balance constantly. It dynamic equilibrium is almost like a constant cycle. If any aspect of the environment is changed, it could afffect the whole cycle. Koalas aren't preyed on by any animals in Australia, so to balance their population out in relation to their main food source, they don't reproduce as quickly.


answer:
Increased atmospheric carbon dioxide means that there is an increased green house effect. Therefor the temperature increases. the higher the levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide, the higher the atmospheric temperature becomes. This increased atmospheric carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is often stated as a reason for drastic climate and temperature changes. atmospheric CO2 directly affects gloal temperature because it traps heat in the atmosphere.


answer:
Global temperatures can be limited to only a few degrees by factors such as the clouds because they not only trap warmth by reflecting the heat from the sun but the clouds also stop the infrared rays from being deflected back out into space via the albedo effect.


answer:
the concept of feedback operates in these two models through:
 
1 - the ants creating a chemical trail when they find food which allows other ants to source this food, this pattern repeating until the food source depletes. 
 
2 - the colder the atmosphere, the more ice forms around the poles, which subsequently raises the albedo effect, which in turn lowers global temperature levels even more. this pattern repeatss. 
 
the same can be said for increasing global temperatures - the hotter the earth, the less ice exists around the poles, which lowers the amount of heat being reflected back into space, which exacerbates the global atmospheric temperature rise.


answer:
The concept of feedback is when one factor directly influences another. in other words, the cause of something is the catalyst for the effecting factor. When someone is cold, the body shivers, which warms the body up by increasing the minute muscle spasms in the body. this allows the body to heat up again which can be classified as a feedback loop.


answer:
As more carbon dioxide is released, it absorbs more heat rather than the heat escaping back into space, meaning that the atmospheric temperatures will rise.


answer:
Global temperature increase can be limited to only a few degrees if the system is in equilibrium. This means that no extra carbon from fossil fuels is being released into the atmosphere, upsetting the balance.


answer:
Both the models we studied involved feedback systems.
 
e.g. in the ant model, when an ant found food it released a chemical, attracting more ants to the food so they will in turn release more chemicals etc.
 
in the climate model, the high albedo of polar ice reflects heat back into space, causing temperatures to drop, which means more ice will freeze, etc.


answer:
Feedback is when one factor causes another factor increase(or decrease), which in turn causes the first factor to increase (or decrease), so the output increases (or decreases) exponentially. for example, if i don't do my maths homework because i don't understand it, then i will gain less understanding, making me less like to do my next lot of mths homwork, meaning i will gain less understanding, etc. so my maths results drop exponentially


answer:
The amount decreases because it is being absorbed by the deep ocean.


answer:
In the first model, the amount of wolves, sheep and grass displays dynamic equilibrium since when one sector is affected, the other sectors adjust accordingly. Similarly, the carbon dioxide, trees, sheep and the amount in the oceans adjust accordingly when one sector is affected.


answer:
It is the balance in any system that adjust according to other factor's behaviours.


answer:
The atmospheric CO2 continues to rise gradually, the number of CO2 in the air increasing little by little with some decreases between the increases. Also, the carbon that initially originates from the land is exerted into the atmosphere as black dots when the setting of burning fossil fuels is turned on, in which can be predicted to be representations of carbon dioxide molecules that are released into the air.


answer:
The level of fossil fuel usage that would be most sustainable over the long term should be 0, as even with the slightest amount of fossil fuels burnt results with an increase of carbon in the air, which simultaneously affects the population of sheep and trees there are on land; which is a decrease in amount.


answer:
The concept of dynamic equilibrium applies to both of the models that we have investigated as when the amount of population is in a stable, moderate state for all of the variables in the experiment, the amount of each population is balanced and does not diminish extremely: when the amount of sheep increases, the predator, the wolves, decreases, and due to this high burst in population with the sheep, there isn't enough grass for the sheep and a lot of sheep for the wolves. Therefore, the wolves would increase their population because there is a lot of resources available for them, whereas the sheep are unable to reproduce much more because they do not have a lot of source of food. After the amount of the sheep population decreases, the grass is left alone so it is able to regrow itself, whereas the lack of sheep for their diet results with the decline of the wolves population. This cycle continues onwards so that the amount of population with each species affects the other, with the predator's population relying on the prey's amount of population. This concept of equality also applies in the CO2 model, as when the amount of carbon is kept constant, this also keeps the amount of the other variables of the experiment constant.


answer:
Dynamic equilibrium is the concept where all variables of the experiment is interconnected with one another; if one is changed, all other variables are affected, depending on how dramatic the change is. An example of this concept in the natural world is like what is already depicted in the simulations with the plant serving as the primary source of diet/energy, with sheep being the larger predator and the wolf being the largest predator (or any other group of species that can be an alternate example).


answer:
Using fossil fuel increases the temperature of both the land and the ocean, but the land heats up faster than the ocean, creating a difference in temperatures between the land and the sea.


answer:
The orange light, which is the heat, slowly forms when we burn fossil fuel and transfers to the rest of the screen with the pink dots, which float up to the top. After the dots float up to the top of the screen, they fall due to the cooler air only to be heated up again through the heat from the burning of fossil fuels. There is a cycle.


answer:
The use of fossil fuels generates heat therefore both the land and ocean heat up. But the land heats up more quickly that the ocean, hence the difference in temperature.


answer:
Convection is the flow of hot and cold currents. It occurs in this model with the flow of currents, affecting the temperature of the land and the sea. Heat is being generated from the fire and also the surface of the ocean. It rises towards the sun which also emits heat. The current will be pushed aside by the warmer air and travels towards the cooler region of the sky. As the current cools, it descends. As it approaches the sea, it is heated again and the current continues on the same path as before. Therefore, convection is evident in this model.


answer:
the ocean takes longer to heat up than the land


answer:
the temperature difference between the ocean and the land cause convection currents in this model


answer:
fossil fuel releases carbon directly into the atmosphere rather than into the water.


answer:
the heat in the atmosphere hottens the ocean????
 
heat is exchanged between the atmosphere, ocean and land????
 
heat from the atmosphere hottens the ocean which hottens the land which causes a fire???


answer:
The temperature above the land is higher, whilst the temperature above the sea is lower. This is difference is temperature is because the land heats up more quickly than the ocean and retains more heat.


answer:
The particles above the land is heated by the sun's radiation that is retained on the ground. They expand and rise into the atmosphere, where they bounce back due to the greenhouse effect and descend as they cool and contract.


answer:
The ocean absorbs most of the heat, while the land reflects it back, warming up the atmosphere above it.
 
The ocean is also big, and takes a long time before warming up itself, releasing heat very slowly.


answer:
The carbon dioxide is constantly absorbed and released from the ocean, then reabsorbed..etc. This is a constant convection current cycle.
 
Heat is also absorbed and released by the ocean in the atmosphere.
 
Hot air rises, and cool air from the sea replaces it.


answer:
The temperature above land is higher than the temperature above the sea because the land heats up more quickly than the sea.


answer:
Convection occurs when the carbon from the fire rises into the atmosphere and then gradually comes down back to the ocean.
 
The temperature differences between the land and the sea creates convection currents.


answer:
The land stores in the heat easier than the ocean. The reason being the land has more capacity to absorb more heat.


answer:
The hot air rises and get cooler as it rises and then sinks and heated again once it reaches the ground.


answer:
when the albedo goes up, the temperature both above the sea and above the land go down rapidly, despite the fossil fuel usage heating up the atmosphere


answer:
when the fossil fuel useage goes up so does the temperature but as the albedo goes up the temperature goes down


answer:
i think the key idea in this model is that the land and the ocean heat up at different rates and that fossil fuels speed up this process


answer:
The ocean is generally cooler than the land and probably takes longer to heat up. The ocean is also bigger and will therefore take longer to heat up fully. The albedo determines the amount of solar radiation. The land heats up more quickly compared to the ocean, and is therefore hotter than the ocean.


answer:
The heat pushes the dust particles away which moves around the atmosphere in a clockwise direction. The fire generates heat and the heat floats and then gets pushed to the side and then comes back down and then back towards the fire as cool air.


answer:
The temperature on the top of the land is different is different to the temperature over the ocean after using the fossil fuel because when burning fossil fuels, more carbon is released into the air, therefore affecting the overall temperature and heating up the earth faster.


answer:
Convection is the movement of air. The warm air heated from the earth rises, but as the air rises, it cools down over the sea, causing it to fall back down and be warmed up by the earth again.


answer:
The difference in temperature between the land and the sea is due to the fact that the land heats up more quickly then the sea.


answer:
The heat on land makes the air rise which then falls back down when it reaches the cool temperature of the sea. This difference in temperature creates wind which brings the air back to land and continues the cycle.


answer:
The temperature on top of the land is different to that over the ocean after using fossil fuel, because the land diffuses heat faster than the ocean. This is because the land temperature is hotter than the temperature of the ocean. The use of fossil fuel magnifies this effect.


answer:
Convection occurs in this model after the land and ocean diffuse heat. The temperature difference creates up-draughts, down-drafts and convection currents.


answer:
higher albedo with low fossil fuel use makes the sunlight bounce off the ice on the ocean surface
 

 
high fossil fuel use with high albedo makes the blue dots(carbon?) move around, sine heat gives those particle things energy.
 

 
low albedo with high fossil fuel use creates a censored fire on the land which turns the blue dots pink probably because none of the heat from the sun being trapped is being reflected.
 

 
medium albedo and medium fossil fuel still creates a fire, but it is slow.


answer:
to illustrate the effects albedo and fossil fuel use have on the temperature????


answer:
They find it via the 'chemical' trail left by the ants who originally found the food source. This trail is strengthened with each individual trip to the food source by an ant.


answer:
An example of a feed back loop in the ants model is the chemical trail leading to the food source. The ants act as the output, and the input is the food.


answer:
When fossil fuel use is high and albedo effect is low, temperatures rise rapidly. When fossil fuel use is low and albedo is high, temperatures drop rapidly. 
 
When fossil fuel and albedo effect are neither extremely low or high (in the middle), the temperature is relatively constant.


answer:
Both albedo and fossil fuel usage equally cause changes in the model.


answer:
This model shows us how changes in albedo and fossil fuel use affect the temperature.


answer:
the feelers on the head of the ant searches for food, and as ants follow one another, if one ant finds a food source, then the other ants will follow. 
 
when an ant finds food, the ant gives feedback of some sort by leaving a chemical trail and other ants swarm towards the ants with food, following the trail


answer:
the output of ants bring an input of food to the colony
 
the output of the chemical/scent by the ants
 
how slowly the chemical disspipates


answer:
Ants forage for food. They wander around until they find a piece of food. When an ant finds a piece of food, it carries the food back to the nest, dropping a chemical, as it moves. When the other ants 'sniff' the chemicals they follow the chemical towards the food, and as more ants carry food to the nest, they reinforce the chemical trail.


answer:
The feedback loop would be the chemical released by the ants.


answer:
1)Sniff the chemicals left by the trails of one ant carrying food 
 
2)Once one ant has found a source of food the others follow
 
3)They find it by scattering/diffusing out until they come upon the food


answer:
1)The evaporation rate 
 
2)the diffusion rate
 
3)Number of ants


answer:
As the albedo is increased, the temperature of the land and above the sea are reduced. When the fossil fuel usage is increase, the temperature of the land and above the sea are increased. The temperature above land decreases more sharply than the temperature above the sea.


answer:
The main property of the system is the transferance of heat.


answer:
The key ideas about this model, is to display the effects heat has on the movements of the currents. Another idea is to present a visual representation that shows that land heats up faster than the sea.


answer:
The higher the fossil fuel use, the hotter the climate becomes, and the higher the albedo is, the colder it becomes. This affects temperature and the weather patterns.


answer:
The main property of the system that creates the patterns that are observed in the model is wind and temperature.


answer:
The key ideas about this model seem to be the effect of fossil fuel use and albedo on the temperature and climate, and the wind moving dust particles.


answer:
The ants find food by following the chemical trail left by other ants when they carry food back to the nest. As more ants carry food to the next, they reinforce the chemical trail.


answer:
The food supply can be considered as an input to the system. As the food is out of the ants' reach, it is therefore an output of the system. When the ants bring the food back to the colony, it becomes an input to the system.


answer:
As the albedo determines the amount of solar radiation, any change in the balance between the incoming solar radiation and outgoing infrared radiation changes the albedo and therefore changes the temperature.


answer:
To identify how the changes in albedo and fossil fuel use affect the temperature above the land and sea.


answer:
More albedo creates a layer of ice. When albedo is increased, dust particle movement stops. When fossil fuel use increases there is more wind in the atmosphere and a fire is created.


answer:
Albedo is the main property in the system that creates the patterns observed in the model.


answer:
To show the relationship between albedo, fossil fuel use and the temperature above land and sea.


answer:
When the fossil fuels are burned on drier lands, more sunlight is absorbed, therefore creating an atmosphere and heat that differentiates from the temperature over the ocean. It is much more difficult for albedo to be absorbed in cooler air, which is why the temperature over the ocean is lower than the one on the top of the land.


answer:
Convection currents are caused by the difference in air temperatures and the movements in the air are caused by dust particles.


answer:
The ants that go out first scout for food in the surrounding areas. After food is found, a path is left by the ant and when other ants pick up the scent, they follow this path to the food and back to the colony. The diffusion rate changes how large/wide the path (that is left) is. The evaporation rate changes how quickly the path disappears/evaporates.


answer:
Amount of ants scouting for food - amount of ants finding food
 
Amount of food in piles - amount of food in the ant colony


answer:
they span out in an attempt to bump into food. when the ants find the chemical trail of other ants they follow it to find the source and leave more chemical trails in order to alert more ants.


answer:
the ants coming in and out of the ant hole.
 
and
 
when the first ant finds the food they 'output' chemicals and other ants can sniff out this chemical and can find the foodsource. in this case the ants use the chemical given by the first ant as an input in which they can find the food and then they themselves can output chemicals so that other ants can find the food


answer:
Ants disperse from their colony and spread outwards. When they contact a food pile they turn back and release a chemical that alert other ants to come. When ants who know of the food contact another one, the information is carried on as a relay.When a number of ants know about the food pile, they gradually carry it back whilst other scouts continue to spread outwards in search of food.


answer:
Feed back loops in the ants model are the ants going back and forth through the colony and the food piles. The output are the ants spreading outwards in search of food and input are the ants taking the food back.


answer:
When one ant finds food, it leaves a scent (chemical)which diffuses and then evaporates, that all of the other ants can follow to find the food.


answer:
The feed back loop is the chemicals/scents that the ant outputs when it finds food that allows the other ants to find the food to put back into the colony. The rate of evaporation and diffusion affects the rate of input because the less the output, the lower the number of ants finding the food, therefore less input of food to the colony.


answer:
Generally, if you increase the fossil fuel use, the temperature becomes rapidly higher as the burning of fossil fuels create carbon dioxide, heating up the land and ocean. However, after it reaches a certain temperature, it stays at that temperature due to convection. If you increase the albedo, the temperature becomes rapidly lower and the sunlight is refracted back by the ice.


answer:
Convection currents, albedo, fossil fuel use and sunlight.


answer:
To determine the effect of fossil fuel usage and the albedo effect on the temperature of the land and the sea. It also shows how the heated particles move through convection currents.


answer:
When an ant finds a piece of food, it carries the food back to the nest, dropping a chemical as it moves. When other ants 'sniff' the chemical, they follow the chemical toward the food. As more ants carry food to the nest, they reinforce the chemical trail


answer:
When the ant gives off the chemical - the output, the other ants used their scent to try and follow the chemical trail.


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Both land and sea transfer their heat to the air above by diffusion so that their differences in temperature lead to differences in air temperature above. This balance is dependent on the albedo which determines the amount of solar radiation reflected back into space. The land heats up faster.


answer:
Convection makes the cooler air released from the ocean sink whilst the warmer air on top of land rise. This cycle is known as the convection current. temperature differences between the land and the sea also create these convection currents.


answer:
The ants find food by locating the closest of the food piles through their heightened sense of smell and leading the majority of the colony to head towards the pile through exerting a certain chemical that appears to attract the group of ants and help them progress towards the pile. To deliver back food piles from locations that are further away, there is a need to have more ants in the colony in order to sustain a more stable chemical path that is susceptible to evaporation.


answer:
The chemical trail is an output of the ant and helps the ants find their food pile and lead the rest towards it.


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The land temperature is affected by the fossil-fuel use and the albedo levels lower the ocean temperature.


answer:
the difference of the land and ocean temperature.


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To differenciate between the ocean and land's temperatures and how the fossil-fuel use and levels of albedo affect the temperatures and how the air patterns are affected as such in a chain reaction.


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The group of ants scatter around the ground foraging for food, once one finds food they release their trail of chemical so other ants can find food and their way back to the nest.


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Feed back loops: the chemical released by the ants, which is also used by surrounding ants as a method to find food.


answer:
The ants find food by wandering around aimlessly.
 
Once one ant finds food all the others follow the ant chemical released which collected foodand collect it.


answer:
Th ants systematically input food into their colony, until the resource closet to them is exhausted, then they search for other food sources. When ants aimlessly wander around and find food they release a chemical which the other ants sniff anfd follow so they can be efficient and work together to gather food and deliver it to the colony. Once an ant finds food it immediately output returns it to the colony.


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As the cloud cover increases, the gloabal temperature decreases. It could possibly be acting as the Earth's insulator that absorbs a fair amount of UV rays (which generate large amounts of heat) from reaching the ground, thus cooling the Earth.


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as the temperature on the land increase due to the burning of fossil fuels, the dust particles in the atmosphere get deflected by the heat.


answer:
the burning of fossil fuels and the temperature difference between the ocean and land


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The larger the colony of ants, the easier it is for them to find food. Once they do find food, they leave behind a 'scent trail' which the ant that finds the food leaves behind. This helps the other ants to find the same food again. Having a larger group of ants to find a certain food helps the ants more as the scent trail is more obvious to follow. As they are contained in a set area, it is easier for them to focus on the food in the area. They mostly travel in random directions until they reach food or are close to a scent trail. The closer the food is to the colony, the more easier it is for the ant to find it.The amount may not necessarily affect how they find food.


answer:
There is a loop when the ants find food and then leave a scent trail from the food to the colony for other ants to follow. 
 
When there is an nearby to a scent trail, they can follow the scent trail more easily to the food.


answer:
The albedo rate slows down the convection current and it makes the carbon dioxide's movement slow down when it is set on 1.0 and it is not creating convection currents. It also decreases temperature.
 
The carbon dioxide molecules are gathered at the ground and the dust particles in the atmosphere. Since they have less energy on its own, maybe its just gathering at places with matter.
 
The fossil fuels burning creates more heat in the land and speeds up convection currents.


answer:
The main property of the system is the heat from both the fossil fuels and the sun.
 
Ocean: the ocean absorbs and releases, creating the convection currents.
 
The emergence of random air movements.


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When heat is absorbed and released from the ocean, it creates convection currents. Fossil fuels speed up this process. The less albedo there is, the faster the carbon dioxide moves as rays from the sun doesn't reflect back into the atmosphere.
 
macro level: According to temperature, albedo etc
 
micro level: Convection currents


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When there is cloud cover, there is less heat that heats the water, meaning that less CO2 is released into the atmosphere via the ocean.


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The input in this model is the heat from the sun that heats up the water and the output is the carbon dioxide (CO2) that is heated up and released into the atmosphere.


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Both models include a feedback loop, for example the input in the ant model being when an ant finds a food source and the output being when the ant left a chemical trail for other ants to follow. In the climate model, the input was the heat from the sunlight, and the output was the heated CO2 that was released into the air.


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The fossil fuel affects the temperature of the earth- the more fossil fuels being burnt, the higher the temperature rises. The increase of albedo on the other hand changes and cools the temperature of the atmosphere.


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The main properties of the system that creates the patterns are temperaturea and convection currents.


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The amount of fossil fuels and albedo affects the temperature of the atmosphere, in turn affecting convection currents of air in the atmosphere.


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changes in the albedo and fossil fuel affect the patterns by either raising or lowering the temperature. If you lower fossil fuel or albedo the temperature decreases. If you raise the fossil fuel or albedo levels the temperature increases.


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the main property of the system that creates the patterns is  the temperature above land and above sea.


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the key ideas about this model is to find the effect of either fossil fuel usage or albedo on the temperature of the earth.


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The temperature decreases as the amount of cloud cover increases.


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The output of clouds, the imput of temperature.


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Both have feedback loops. 
 

 
One is about ants, one about carbon and the greenhouse effect.
 

 
Both are the same ideas, the ant is an analogy of the other model.


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The use of fossil fuel makes the temperature rise and therefore speeds up the process of air movement including convection. When albedo rises, the temperature drops and therefore slowing down the movement of air.


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The difference of temperature over the land and the sea.


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This model is trying to show how difference of temperature over the land and sea create movements in the air known as wind and sea breezes.


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An increase in fossil fuel usage causes more heated air particles and convection currents while there is less cooler air, therefore increasing the air temperature. There is more albedo that is absorbed onto the land and ocean surfaces.


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The relationship that occurs between the amount of fossil fuels burnt, the patterns in convection currents, and the temperatures which results from the combination of the two aspects.


answer:
Temperatures that are produced through the burning of fossil fuels, and the absorption of albedo on certain surfaces. Heat causing convection currents and patterns in air movement.


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Cloud cover affects the amount of solar rays that come in contact with the earth. Thick cloud cover enables more effection reflection of radiation back into space. A sparse cloud cover lets more radiation through. Solar rays turn into infra red heats when they come in contact with the earth and oceans, which affect the temperature. Clouds reflect these infra red heats back to earth, raising the temperature. If the cloud cover is thin, these rays escape to space, lowering the temperature.


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The feedback loop is between the albedo and the cloud cover, with infra red heat waves and solar rays.


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As the cloud cover increases temperatures decrease.
 
This might be beacuse the more clouds there are the less of the sun rays are able to reach the earth, causing a drop in temperature.


answer:
1)increase in the cloud cover causes a decrease in temperature
 
2)decrease in the cloud cover causes a increase in temperature


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They are both equilibriums; the carbon is stable in the climate model and the food is stable in the ants model
 
Though in the ants model the food will eventually get eaten, while in the climate change model the carbon will never dissapear
 
In the climate change model the more clouds there are the less sunlight is let through. And in the ants model the more ants there are the less food is left in the outer piles.
 
The clouds and tha ants are constantly on the move.


answer:
Feedback loops: The heat generated by the sun (its output) is then reduced with much of the heat absorbed into the clouds (as the clouds input) and the remainder of the heat allows for the Earth's evaporation process, which then creates rain.


answer:
They both include feedback loops. Yet the first one exhibited feedback loops of ants, while the second shows the feedback loops presently occuring in the atmosphere.


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The cloud cover affects the global temperature in which that when there is more cloud cover, the temperature decreases, and when there is less or no cloud cover, the temperature drastically increases. This is because when there is more cloud cover, the clouds will absorb most of the heat when it is reflected from the ground. When there is no cloud cover, there is nothing to absorb the heat and it is left lingering in the atmosphere.


answer:
The output of this model includes the incoming solar radiation, which helps the process of evaporation, becoming water vapour forming clouds, the input. This formation of clouds helps with the control of global temperature, keeping the Earth at a relatively constant climate.


answer:
One of the differences between the two models is that the ant model has an end to it, while the climate model is an ongoing cycle. 
 
A similarity is that there is a process of feedback in both models.


answer:
The temperature of the Earth increases and decreases depending on cloud cover (as well as other components). The less cloud cover there is, the hotter the environment becomes, this is the same with the opposite being the more cloud cover there is, the colder the Earth becomes due to the layer of water evaporation surrounding the Earth and reflecting the heat back out into space.


answer:
When the cloud cover is higher, the amount of heat that reaches the Earth is minimal when compared to the amount that touches the ground when there is less cloud cover. This also affects the amount of heat getting absorbed into the ocean when it hits the ground, thus changing the amount of infra-red in the oceans and the atmosphere.


answer:
One is about ants and the other model is about cloud cover.
 
Both include animals.
 
The ant model shows the decreasing and increasing rate of food from the piles and food in the colony, respectively. The climate model shows the changes of absorbtion and release of heat/infra-red into and out of the ocean.


answer:
The temperature fluctuates however, it overall decreases. This may be because the cloud cover absorbs most of the incoming radiation, therefore stopping the earth from heating up and as a result, increasing the overall temperature. The cloud cover stops the rasdiation from raching the earth's surface, which is the main influence when it comes to the heating of the earth.


answer:
Differences: 
 
The first model conatins animals, whereas the second contains the environment. 
 

 
Similarities: 
 
They both contain feedback loop, which change as result of changing another factor. 
 
The both contain forces interacting witht heir environment.


answer:
The cloud cover reduces the amount of sunlight that reaches the Earth's surface. When there is a massive increase of cloud cover for a period of time, the temperature could be seen dropping dramatically. However, when the cloud cover is reduced, the temperature starts to increase.


answer:
The increase in cloud cover results in decrease in sunlight and then temperature, and vice versa.
 
They affect the heat particles that get released and trapped which then changes temperature.


answer:
The similarities in the models are that they both have feedback loops.
 
The difference between the models is that the first one is on a smaller scale and the last one is global. With the ants, despite the controls changed, they will still find the food. Only the amount of time it takes for them to find it differs. However with the climate model, the controls leads to a different result and there is not 'resolution' to the climate until the control is changed.


answer:
the more cloud cover, and the brighter the sun, the higher the temperature rises because the clouds reflect some of the incoming solar rays back into space, and outgoing infra red rays back into the ocean
 
the less the cloud cover, the lower the temperature as there is nothing to block the rays


answer:
the temperature changes depending on the amount of clouds floating around
 
the incoming solar rays
 
the reflected infra red rays
 
the amount of fossil fuels burnt


answer:
differences: shows how human actions affect the environment in one, and organisms in another
 
similarities: shows how things work in a sense


answer:
the cloud cover gives more surface area for the rays of the sun to be reflected off and consequently the temperature of the world is cooler due to the fact that less of the solar radiation is reaching the ground.


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when the cloud cover is increased the input of the suns rays is reflected, thus becoming the output of the rays from Earth to outer space


answer:
they both include feedback loops and the loops can be altered by varying different factors in the models.


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The global temperatures drops when there is more cloud cover and rises as the amount of cloud cover decreases, because the infra red is reflected off the clouds, and because of the different levels of sunlight being absorbed.


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The amount of sunlight outputted from the sun results in the different levels of input of infre red sunlight


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the similarity is that the smount of output results in differences in input, whereas the difference is that there are more factors in the CO2 model that can affect the input


answer:
The global temperature becomes a lot more extreme - the less cloud cover there is, the warmer the global temperature becomes when there is no greenhouse gas. Contrary to this, when there is more cloud cover, the temperature decreases to a very low level when there is no greenhouse gas. However, when it is set so that greenhouse gas is on, the temperature of the Earth becomes warmer. A reason that may explain why this is because the clouds act as a cover which block the warmth of the sun from entering and with greenhouse gases, the warmth is trapped inside the Earth and makes it more difficult for the warmth to escape into space.


answer:
Greenhouse gases appear to be a feedback loop: when greenhouse gases are produced, they heavily affect the temperature of the Earth when cloud cover amount is changed. When there are greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and the cloud cover is set to high, the temperature is high. This is the opposite when there is little cloud cover.


answer:
The main similarity between the two models that we have looked at is that the feedback loop contributes greatly to the overall result of the experiment. The main difference is that while the climate model's concept is in a cycle, the ant model has a definite start and finish.


answer:
When there is little cloud cover, a lot of the sun's heat and light rays reached the Earth and the temperature increased. When there is alot of cloud cover, few of the sun's heat and light rays reached the Earth and the temperature decreased.


answer:
When there is little cloud cover, a lot of the sun's heat and light rays reached the Earth and the temperature increased. When there is a lot of cloud cover, few of the sun's heat and light rays reached the Earth and the temperature decreased. At 50% cloud cover the temperature was below average.


answer:
The main differences are the fact that the first model had ants collecting food model and the second was the climate model. The similarities are the fact that the ants return and exit to the colony after collecting food and the carbon transfers from the atmosphere to the ocean. They both transfer from one place to another.


answer:
It is formed by convection currents and the difference in temperature of the air and the different densities of air masses due to different temperatures.


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The concept of Emergence applies when one adjusts the levels of albedo and fossi fuel usage, and as a result of this wind, storm and other weather conditions and their previously established patterns change in number of different ways.


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Emergence is the appearance of new patterns that were not present earlier. Since we have increased CO2 levels and the amount of other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, we have experienced the emergence of new patterns in our environment. These include: warmer climate all year round and great melting in Summers and less freezing of polar icecaps in Winter.


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Winds and storms are caused by convection currents. the hotter and less dense air on land rises while the cooler air from the ocean fill in the gap left by the hotter air.


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Emergence applies to the Wind and Storm model as a convection current emerges due to the difference in temperature between the land and ocean and the albedo.


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Emergence is when something is created which was not part of the whole thing in the first place.


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Winds and storms form from convection currents, and up-draughts and down-drafts. This is when temperature is diffused, and the warm air rises.


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The concept of Emergence applies to the Wind and Storm model because new patterns were formed that were not there originally. New patterns that were formed in the Wind and Storm model includes the convection currents.


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The concept of Emergence is when new patterns form after the effect of other elements in nature. An example of this is shown when fossil fuels started to burn, and convection currents were formed.


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A collection of dust particles in a convection current.


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A convection current emerges from dust particle movement.


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The concept of emergence is when a new pattern appears out of nowhere. E.g. In pokemon the animals appear from the pokeballs.


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Winds and storms form from convection currents.


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Sometimes there are winds and storms that emerge and particles move about rapidly, after being stable before.


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Emergence is when new patterns emerge. An example is when the patterns of particles in the atmosphere suddenly change and storms and winds develop.


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When the Earth heats up the hot air moves in a convection current. The air sometimes moves so quickly that it creates winds. If there are too much winds, there are storms.


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The heat and the dust work together and winds and storms emerge as variables such as fossil fuel use and albedo are changed.


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When something new comes out of a stable environment. When you turn around and someone is just there.


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Wind is formed when high pressure systems and low pressure systems are close together. The descending air from the high pressure systems then replaces the rising air in the low pressure system.


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Emergence applies to the model as the dust particles show the random movement of air.


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Putting water colours in heated water shows the emergence of convection currents moving in the water.


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as the hot air and cool air pushed away from the heat the clash between hot and cold air creates a storm


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the emergence of hot and cold air create a new pattern


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emergence is the appearing of two factors that come together to form a new pattern that is different from the previous


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Wind and storms form by the movement of dust particles in the air. These dust particles move through convection currents which changes according to the temperatures of the land and the ocean.


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It is seen when we change the amount of fossil fuels burning or the albedo effect and therefore, greenhouse gas levels. Because the level of greenhouse gases are changed, new patterns emerge, such as the changing temperatures of the land and the ocean which affect on the movement of dust particles in the air, which form winds and storms.


answer:
Emergence is when something is altered, a new pattern forms. One example is if someone has a disease, the patterns of their bodily functions change.


answer:
The warm air from the land rises whilst the cool air from the sea sinks leading to a cycle known as the convection current. This is a circular cycle where the excess air is passed off as wind.


answer:
The Emergence applies to the wind and storm model because we are changing the variables (i.e the albedo and the fossil fuel) as a result of these changes an 'emergence' or a 'new formation' appears. In this case the emergence is the convection current.


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Emergence is something new appears as a result of a change that is made in the system. For example, as a result of the changing season (i.e from winter to spring) new buds or flowers appear because of the warmer air that bee's and insects like to pollenate with. The emergence in this example is the budding flowers.


answer:
cults of people gather on high hilltops and grand mountains
 
together they huff and blow for no pay and no workers compensation
 
it is they who provide us with unforgiving gusts of breath
 

 
or maybe
 
storms are formed with the meeting of cool air and hot air in the atmosphere which creates unstable weather, resulting in storms.


answer:
wind and storm are created in existing areas of weather patterns?


answer:
something new forms in new places of existing patterns in weather


answer:
winds are formed by moving air. As the land is heated, the hot air rises and is replaced by cooler air. It moves around and produces the winds. Storms are created by the clash of cold and hot air.


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Emergence happens when one patterns is altered and a new one forms.


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Emergence is the appearance of new patterns. One example is when I went to a new school, the patterns were different.


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The more the carbon dioxide, the more the infrared light is reflected off. The change in carbon dioxide changes the balance of heat coming in, and heat coming out. If there is more carbon dioxide going in then going out, the temperature will rise.


answer:
Because when the heat is reflected off the carbon dioxide, it can be reflected back into the earth, or reflected back out of the earth. Therefore you still have some heat going out, which is why the temperature increase is limited to only a few degrees.


answer:
In the ant model, the concept of feedback is positive while the food lasts. In the climate Model Feedback, the concept of feedback is negative.


answer:
The concept of feedback is the output of something that affects the imput of something.One example is the ant model, while the source of food lasts the feedback is positive.


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When hot air rise, cooler air rushes in to fill the space. This movement of air creates wind. Storms form when cool air meets hot air.


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Winds and storms are formed due to the emergence of the convection current.


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Emergence is a pattern that is formed due to the consequence of a series of events. An example would be more layers of snow will be created, the more days it snows.


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The different temperatures of the atmosphere over the land and the ocean causes wind- storms form with a lot of rain and strong winds.


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Emergence is when new patterns form at places where they weren't before. Wind and storms are formed by Emergence.


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Emergence is when a new product is made. For example when a business creates a new product that no one has ever invented or thought of before.


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Winds and storms form through the rising and cooling of hot and cold air, and convection currents.


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The fossil fuels affects the amount of heat and cold being circulated through the atmosphere and air particles. This could possibly result in a change of cycle in the area of Emergence.


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Emergence is the concept of new patterns forming in an area of the atmosphere where it didn't previously exist. For example, evident temperature changes in areas which had consistent results of atmospheric pressure before.


answer:
As the atmosperic carbon dioxide levels go up, so does the global temperature. The greenhouse gases (CO2) trap the infrared rays deflected through the albedo effect and causes the Earth to retain heat. It disrupts the existing equilibrium.


answer:
If we reduce human carbon emissions, the global temperature increases may be slowed, because we are disturbing the existing equilibrium. We could also plant more trees cause trees are beautiful and convert CO2 ito oxygen. they are beautiful organisms
 
We <3 trees 5eva!


answer:
The concept of feedback operates in the ant model in the form of positive feedback. As the ants' chemical trail attracted more ants, the chemical trail became stronger with most of the ants being in one place at the same time. 
 
The concept of feedback operates in the climate model with the balance of incoming and outgoing solar radiation affecting the global temperature. This balance can be affected by numerous factors including cloud cover, the albedo rate and human carbon emissions.


answer:
Feedback is when the output of a system becomes the input of a system. They affect eachother in a cycle.


answer:
The amount of CO2 in the air also changes the amount of CO2 in the oceans, because the CO2 molecules create a 'layer', if a carbon molecule is in the way of a released infra-reds' path, then the infra-red will be reflected back. The more carbon there is in the ocean, the hotter the temperature is as well.


answer:
The temperature worldwide, changes constantly and so the overall temperature cannot change so dramatically (by more than 5 degrees), this is because the temperature must be averaged accross the world to get the change in temperature.
 
Also the amount of CO2 which is absorbed into the oceans is a slow process, so it takes a long time


answer:
Ant:
 
The positive feedback of the ant model is the food that is being brought into the colony while the negative is the amount of food leaving the piles.
 

 
Climate:
 
The output is the average temperature which changes over time as the cloud cover, power of the sun, albedo (etc.) is changed. The other is the amount of infra-red which is absorbed into the ocean


answer:
The concept of feedback is the changing of values in the output and the input/ positive and negative feedback.
 
Example: positive feedback - When a sound is spoken into a microphone and projected out, the sound from the projection comes back to the microphone is once again projectedout and this continues, since the value/volume/amount increases this is an examplke of positive feedback


answer:
As more CO2 is released into the atmosphere the temperature gradually decreases.


answer:
Stop burning fossil fuels and increase the amount of cloud cover, because cloud cover decreases the amount of heat that enters the atmosphere.


answer:
The concept of feedback is getting back what you output. An example being when you hear your own voice from a speaker when you talk into a microphone.


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More CO2 causes more heat radiated from the Sun's rays to be kept in the Earth while decreasing its output. As a result the temperature within Earth rises since the heat kept in is greater than that being radiated back out.


answer:
It can only be limited due to the fact that heat is constantly being absorbed and reflected simultaneously due to the cloud cover and the albedo.


answer:
In the ant model: The input is the bunching of the ants inbetween the food and the nest while the output would be the fact that more ants would cause the release of more chemical which would therefore attract more ants.
 
In the second model: The temperature is the main factor, how heat is both reflected and absorbed due to the cloud cover and albedo, and thus the temperature rising and decreasing is the feedback.


answer:
Feedback is where you receive a reaction from something due to the effects of its output and input. FOr example: If Dr Stokes makes a joke, the people reacting to his jokes would be his feedback, which would change how he acts in the future, whether he will make more jokes or stop.


answer:
The amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere affects the temperature in a way that when there is more atmospheric carbon dioxide, the temperature gradually increases. This is because if there is more carbon dixoide in the atmosphere, it keeps the earth warmer by


answer:
It can be limited by restricting the burning of fossil fuels and preventing air pollution.


answer:
When we started with a smaller amount of atmospheric carbon dioxide, the average temperature was higher. When we started with a larger amount of atmospheric carbon dioxide, the average temperature was considerably lower.


answer:
The ocean stores carbon and the temperature is limited to only a few degrees becasue there is the trapping of heat raidiation and release working against the increasing carbon.


answer:
In the climate model, when we change the amount of cloud cover, the temperature changes in accordance with it. In the ant model, when ants leave a chemical trail, other ants follow along. These are both instances of positive feedback.


answer:
Feedback is when there is a reaction to a response, it can either be positive or negative.


answer:
the higher the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere the higher the temperature. the lower the level of carbon dioxide the lower the temperatures are.


answer:
Its because of the feedback system - the cloud cover becomes denser when the temperature rises at some point, but also become thinner due to evaporation in the atmosphere.The temperature cannot change dramatically


answer:
in the ants model. the output is the chemical excretion and the input is the food.
 
in the climate model the input is the solar rays and the output is the temperature


answer:
it's  a circular process in which output and input are interconnected through a


answer:
The increase in CO2 only slightly increases the temperature and at an unconstant rate. The increase of CO2 traps the escaped carbon from the ocean. This is the Greenhouse Effect. As the CO2 traps more heat, the temperature increases.


answer:
The trapped heat spreads in a bigger area. The heat being trapped in Earth's surface will eventually escape. However, it doesn't spread fast enough so that the temperature stays constant with the increase of CO2.


answer:
The concept of feedback operates with the first model as the ant leaves behind a scent trail that can then lead to the ants to find that food again. This is a positive feedback, as it makes it easier for the ants to find food. In the climate model, the feedback is negative as it is the increase or decrease of temperature, due to the amount of infra-red 'heats' being trapped in the Earth's atmosphere by the cloud cover, the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and the amount of sun rays being released


answer:
Feedback is when there is an input and an output. The input is where something is changed and the output is what happens as a result of the input. In class, when we write an assignment and the teacher reads and then gives a comment on the assignment.


answer:
When the amount of carbon dioxide is decreased in the atmosphere, the temperature gradually decreases, and when the amount of carbon dioxide is increased in the atmosohere, the temperature gradually increases.


answer:
Global temperature is determined bu the number of heats in the ocean and land. The number of 'heats' is determined by the albedo, therefore, achieving a high albedo, combined with low cloud cover, may help limit the temperature increase, as it also achieves negative feedback.


answer:
As the atmospheric carbon dioxide increases so does the temperature. This may be beacuse the carbon itself also emits heat which contributes to the overall temperature. The carbon might also absorb the heat into the atmosphere.


answer:
To keep the global temperature limited to increasing only a few degrees we should lower the cloud coverage so that the suns solar rays can reach the earth and then also lower the albedo level so the rays are absorbed into the earth and stay there


answer:
In the ant model the feedback were the chemicals left by the ants carrying the food. in the climate change model it was temperature which was affected by the cloud cover.


answer:
Feedback is something that effects the experiment


answer:
THe increase of atmospheric carbon dioxide results in the increase of the temperature.


answer:
Global temperature increase can be limited to onlt a few degrees if there is more cloud cover which results in the deflection of solar radiation. A balance in the amount of solar radiation and cloud cover is needed to


answer:
In the ant model, there is positive feedback because all the ants are kept togehter. In the climate change model, there is negative feedback because the difference between the input and output is smaller and so an equilibrium is being reached.


answer:
feedback is when an output is made which affects an input that is made from the output. For example, feedback to Dr Stoke's jokes results in either him redusing or increasing.


answer:
The higher the amount of atmospheric carbon dioxide, the higher the global temperatures in average become. The reason for this is because carbon dioxide is a part of greenhouse gases as a whole, and when there are a significantly higher amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, the easier it is to trap heat inside the Earth as well as reflect heat towards the outside of the Earth.


answer:
The global temperature's increase is only limited to a few degrees because there is a near balance between incoming solar radiation and atmospheric carbon dioxide and greenhouse gases. Therefore, because the cycle is dynamic, temperatures increase and decrease only slightly.


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The ant model portrays a positive feedback and the climate model depicts a negative feedback: in both, feedback affects the overall behaviour and result during and after the experiment. In the ant model the congregating ants with the chemical exertion act as the positive feedback, which helps the ants locate and obtain more food (which is positive because it helps them progress and continue their system), and in the climate model, the temperature with the imbalance of the entering and outgoing solar radiation acts as the negative feedback as it helps develop an understanding and return the system back to a balance/agreement, where it is at a more stable state. In a way, by accepting a negative feedback, it can be perceived also as a positive feedback by returning the system to a balance and agreement.


answer:
Feedback is the receival of something that helps stop or progress systems depending on their positivity. Feedback helps return the state of a system to where it is stable and balanced when it is negative and helps encourage positive systems. An example in real life is when our science teacher, Dr Stokes, tells us a joke and we respond by laughing and encourages him to tell more jokes. This is positive feedback.


answer:
nope, alignment means that the bird moves in the same direction, separation means that the bird moves away from othe rbirds, cohesion means the bird will move towards other birds. the separation rule overrules the other 2 rules if a bird is too close to another bird. each bird moves at the same speed


answer:
cohesion, meaning that birds will flock together and that they will fly at the same speed so they will keep up with each other


answer:
NO they don't they just all follow the same rules that bring the together. Alignment- the bird turns in the same direction that nearby birds are moving in. Cohesion- move towards other nearby birds if not too close. Separation- the bird avoids other birds that are too close, it also overrides the other two rules. It might benefit them if they are in a flock because they may fly faster due to aerodynamics. It may also be part of their natural instinct to flock together as they all have the same aim, safety in numbers. there is more organisation.
 
They form a vague V/triangular shape.


answer:
Alignment, as it determines which direction a bird flies in, in relation to other birds. the other two are more based on space between the birds rather than how they fly together. Maybe cohesion - they want to flock together.


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The water feedback (the water vapour) reflect some infra-red back to the earth/ocean, this increases the temperature. The more water vapour the higher temperature.


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non- linear- because the higher temperature, the more water vapour, which results in higher temperature and more water vapour (positive feedback).


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When the water feedback rises, it makes the teperature decrease.


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It is non-linear because the graph is scattered.


answer:
The bird flocks do not have a leader. This is because each bird follows the exact same set of rules: 'alignment', 'separation', and 'cohesion'. 'Alignment' means that a bird follows the same direction as the other birds. 'Cohesion' means that a bird will move towards other birds nearby. 'Separation' means that a bird will turn to avoid being too close to the other birds.


answer:
The main property that allows for the birds to form a flock is 'separation', which overides the other two rules. If a bird can only see in front of them, they cannnot sense the other birds around them, so they fly in a straight line.


answer:
No, the bird flocks do not have a leader.


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They all eventually fly in the same direction, allowing and even bigger number of birds in each flock. Also, as time goes on, the birds collide less into each other. Sense of direction. Sometimes, a bird flies away from its current flock but then it soon joins another one to continue in the same direction.


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Yes, bird flocks do have a leader - but they form a flock without one. (The answer is no)
 

 
First they form pairs and small groups, then they gradually merge with other groups and form a big flock.


answer:
Instinct.
 

 
- Birds follow the other birds


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Birds normally fly in a v shape formation because they follow the same set of rules from which flocks emerge.


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The temperature of the system increases as the degree of water feedback increases. The temperature rises, and the amount of water vapour increases due to more evaporation.


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The response of the temperature to waterfeedback is not quite linear. Although it does decrease or increase overall, the temperature fluctuates regardless. This is because the different factors of the system are not quite evened out.


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THe info on the model said that they do not have a leader, but after a while they all become part of the same flock, which after a while breaks up into smaller groups. This is because they have three governing rules: alignment, seperation and cohesion.


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The rules: alignment and cohesion which makes the birds fly in the same direction as the other birds or flock so that they become one with the flock.


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When the degree of water feedback is increased, it affects the temperature as it also increases. However, the carbon (both atmospheric and terrestrial maintains similar feedback.


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It is non-linear because it's not constant when it increases and spikes sometimes, not following a linear pattern.


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No. There's always one or two in front but there isn't really a leader.
 
They all follow a set of rules, alignment, separation and cohesion, from which flocks emerge.
 
Alignment - birds move in the same direction as others
 
Separation - birds avoid each other when they get too close
 
Cohesion - birds will move towards other nearby birds unless they are too close


answer:
Cohesion, because it allows single birds to go towards others, forming groups/flocks.


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Yes, for each flock there is a bird at the front, not necessaily the leader unless in a definite V-form. The main rules that govern the flocking of birds are Alignment, separation and cohesion. Birds will align and merge together when close to other birds, while the seperation rule makes the bird turn outward if it gets too close to another bird.


answer:
-a lot more moisture in the air
 
-temperature doesn't remain stable, changes rapidly, increases
 
-more clouds


answer:
non-linear because of the constant change, and it increases at different speeds


answer:
The bird flocks do not have a leader. The main rules that govern the flock are 'Alignment' which causes the birds to turn to face the same direction as other birds around them, 'Cohesion' which makes individual birds fly towards nearby groups of birds, and 'Seperation' which occurs when the birds get to close to each other- they will turn and fly in another direction. 'Seperation' overrides the other rules; if the birds get too close together then they will ignore the 'Alignment' and 'Cohesion' rules and turn away.


answer:
The fact that the birds change the direction of their flight to align with others around them is the property of their behavor that most allow the forming of a flock.


answer:
The birds do not have a special leader. 
 
The birds follows three rules: alignment, separation and cohesion.
 

 
Alignment: means that a bird tends to turn so that it is moving in the same direction that nearby birds are moving.
 

 
Separation: Means that a bird will turn to avoid another bird which gets too close.
 

 
Cohesion: Means that a bird will move towards other nearby birds (unless another bird is too close).


answer:
The two main properties that allows a flock to form are cohesion and alignment. 
 
Cohesion causes the birds to move together in the first place and alignment causes the birds to move in the same directioN. Due to the other birds following the rule of cohesion which in order to do so they swarm closer to the bird they are following. When a bird or birs come too close the bord being followed is following the rule of separation in trying to move away from the birds. It appears that the flock of birds has a leader but in fact it is trying to separate.


answer:
Yes, the birds do have a leader. The main rules are alignment, separation, cohesion. Alignment means that birds tend to turn so that its moving in the same direction that nearby birds are moving. Separation means that a bird will turn to avoid another bird which gets too close. Cohesion means that a bird will move towards other nearby birds.


answer:
the water absorbs some of the heat from the sun


answer:
linear, because it has a set pattern and this is determined by the variables


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- When the albedo feedback is on, the temperature increases. The more albedo there is, more water feedback, which increases with the temperature, then amplifies the effect.


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- non-linear, it fluctuates a little. This is because the temperature rises gradually is not always consistent.


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The higher the temperature, the more water feedback, and then the higher the temperature. This is a positive feedback. The albedo is also a positive feedback.


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The more the water feedback is increased, the higher the temperature becomes.


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It is non-linear, because the rise of temperature is not constant. The temperature levels rise and fall even though the water feedback is increasing. However, the overall temperature is increasing.


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I do not believe that the flocks have leaders at first, even though it may appear they do. Initially it seems as if the flocks are formed randomly, birds joining together simply because they are close and heading in vaquely the same direction. The birds join flocks until no bird is alone, then the flocks remain the same having reached a balance. Only then when all flocks are completely formed do they appear to chose a leader at random. They must allow a leader to form a cohesive flock.


answer:
They do not challenge desicions, they want to form a flock, perhaps for safety, breeding etc purposes. They work together, not searching for personal gain such as humans tend to do. They follow the crowd.


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The water feedback has increased and the teperature is decreasing and vise versa.


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It's non-linear because there isn't a defined increase or decrease in temperature. Instead there is a fluctuation in the temperature.


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It shows how the water feedback can change the global temperature when a new factor (such as albedo feedback) is brought into the equation.


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When the amount of water vapour is increased, the temperature rises.


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Initially, the response is linear when the water vapour is increaced, but then the temperature goes up and down in a non-linear fashion.


answer:
The temperature rises as the water effect increases.


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the response of temperature to water feedback is non-linear.


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The temperature of the atmosphere rises dramatically


answer:
it is non-linear 
This is because the results are highly inconsistent


answer:
Birds seem to form individual groups. (2-3)
 
Then they join up to bigger flocks.


answer:
They drawn to the nearest flock.
 
The flocks trap the birds.


answer:
Changes in albedo affect the patterns that emerge as it controls how much solar radiation is reflected back into space. Fossil fuel usage affects the emerging patterns as the temperature increases more rapidly. It remains stable at 15 but gradually/drastically increases the temperature if the amount of fossil fuel is any higher (depending on the amount).
 
Albedo levels lower than 0.3 increases the average temperature drastically, however higher than 0.3 only increases it by a small amount before remaining stable.
 
Land has a higher average temperature than the sea, because in the sea, the heat circulates around and heats the entire volume while on land it simply heats the surface since it doesn't penetrate deeper than the surface.


answer:
heat as it affects the updraughts. It comes mainly from solar radiation that is reflected as it pushes the air up.
 
Lower albedo levels create a circulation of air (convection current) - cold air which is denser than warm air sinks, and when it reaches the ground it becomes warm which makes it rise because it is hotter. But when it rises, eventually it loses its heat and falls again because cold air is denser.
 
However, when there are higher albedo levels, there is no circulation pattern - there is no particular pattern because of the reflection. There is no general trend - some of the air rises and stays there, same with the ground, but most of them are randomly distributed


answer:
They are both affected/influenced by factors and follow certain rules and have a general trend. Both have dynamic equilibrium.
 
One is living, the other is not (birds & air).
 
One is affected by heat while the other is affected by instinct.
 
When certain conditions are met, they follow a certain trend.


answer:
system albedo change and fossil fuel usage affects patterns. The land is heating more than the ocean because the land absorbs more heat when the sun heats it up. THe air current moves away from the heat. The ocean heats up slower as the warmth spreads.


answer:
The convection current helps the system going. The dust particles moves away from the heat at first but comes back down when the system.


answer:
this is about wind and storm and the other one is about birds.


answer:
The degree of water feedback affects the temperature of the system by making the temperature higher because more heat is absorbed.


answer:
there is no visible leader. the main rules that govern the flock seem to be that the majority of birds want to fly together in the same direction, which makes sense due to increased chances of survival in the wild in a flock. birds dont want to fly to close to each other, and will turn away from each other if they do get to close, preventing mid-flight crashes. yay. birds form flocks when they are the same species wanting to travel places as a big, happy, feathery family


answer:
The main property of the bird's behaviour that allows for the forming of flocks is 'cohesion'. Cohesion is the bird's desire to move in a constant speed towards other birds. This is done until they potentially crash into the other birds. Cohesion means that the birds will move towards each other and that is what is required in the process of constructing a flock. the desire to remain in groups of the same species is also a strong driving point in terms of birds wanting to form a flock, as this increases the chance of birds surviving in the wild.


answer:
-it causes a decrease in temperature that is quite steep
 
-still jumps in temperature


answer:
-it is more linear than when the albedo was off
 
-quite a gradual decrease


answer:
-the water reflects less heat than the land 
 
-moisture and water vapour in the atmosphere reflect some of the infra-red rays back to the Earth
 
-the amount of water vapour depends on the temperature
 
-increase of albedo feedback results in the decrease of temperature
 
-positive and negative feedback


answer:
The feedback is inconstant and goes up and down in no particular pattern. It spikes in places and does not follow a specific pattern.


answer:
Non-linear. This is also because it does not follow a linear pattern. It is not going in a predicatable pattern and therefefore in non-linear.


answer:
the model is showing that the different aspects in the environment affect the temperature of the Earth. The water feedback and the albedo affects the temperature of the Earth, but these effects are not constant, as shown by the model and how it spikes in places.


answer:
the temperature rises when you put the water-effect up


answer:
as quoted in the info section, it increases at a 'not-quite-linear rate'


answer:
When there are changes in the system's albedo and fossil fuel usage, the average temperature, above land temperature and above sea temperature all slowly increase. The temperature difference causes the movment of air particles which then in turn forms a cycle of wind. The land heats up more quickly compared to the sea, allowing a difference in temperatures.


answer:
When making changes in the system's albedo and fossil fuel usage, more distinct patterns are caused.


answer:
Both models gradually form into a specific pattern over a certain amount of time.


answer:
The degree of the water feedback (water vapour) causes the temperature to rise as more water feedback traps more heat like a greenhouse gas. It is becoming warmer by reflecting the infared radiation back to the earth.


answer:
The response of temperature to water feedback is non linear because it is a fancy word that scientist use to say that is can drastically change. It is not linear because it goes up and down and it can change drastically.


answer:
The albedo makes the heat get reflected, but the land heats faster than the water, warming up the air particles, causing them to rise, where they lose their heat and sink back down. It then follows a cycle, meaning that if you were to stand on the land, you would feel a sea breeze. Fossil fuel usage makes the land heat up even faster.


answer:
The fact that the land heats faster, and heat causes things to rise, i.e. air.


answer:
One is about climate change, and one is not.
 
Originally, both move randomly, however, after a while, they all start to follow a pattern (the birds all start moving in the same direction, and the air particles start moving in a cycle.


answer:
The temperature of the system rises but not as dramatically. This might be because the albedo goes up when the temperature falls, and the albedo falls when the temperature goes up, which evens out the water feedback affect.


answer:
The response of temperature to water feedback is still not quite linear, since the temperature still fluctuates.


answer:
The key ideas about this model are the carbon cycle and the greenhouse effect. It also shows how global temperature depends on the number of 'heat' particles in the land and ocean. The model shows human impact on the system, and how we can affect the carbon cycle.


answer:
When the water vapour is higher the temperatue is increased.


answer:
The model is showing the effect of changes in water vapour on the temperature and albedo.


answer:
when albedo feedback is on, the heat penetrates less into the water and the water heats up less.


answer:
non-linear, the higher the albedo, the less heat, and vice versa. However, it does not go any higher when it reaches a certain temperature.


answer:
The more obstacles in the way of heat warming up the seas, the less it will heat up, such as cloud cover and albedo. However, the hotter the tmosphere becomes, the more difficult this will be.


answer:
inconsistent jumps in temperature however obvious that it is decreasing 
the CO2 and C-oceans are relatively parallel 
 
When the Albedo feedback is turned on the temperature drops at a non-linear rate and cools down the atmosphere


answer:
non-linear 
because it shows an inconsistent result


answer:
key ideas 
-how the albedo feedback effects the storage of carbon on the earth 
-how the degree of water feedback changes the consistency of the temperature


answer:
As the water feedback increases, so does the temperature. This is because the water releases carbon into the atmosphere.


answer:
It is non linear because the results waver within the prevailing trends.


answer:
when th ealbedo rate is full there is no infrared light in the model at all.
 
the less albedo there is the more the radiation goes into the sea and land somore infrared will be present heating the land and sea. the land heats faster than the sea. the dust particles move away from the heat in a clockwise direction, because heat rises and the dust particles go up in the heat. they are following the convection current.


answer:
the othe rmodel is based on a bird flock which is something you see everyday and that is constantly changing but this model is based on reflected sunlight which is something we cant se and something hat doesnt really affect us on a big scale.
 
they are both based on things in the environment and things that dont directly affect us but are happening constantly around the world.


answer:
With the albedo feedback turned on, the temperature increases quicker than if the albedo feedback isn't turned on.


answer:
It  is non-linear because the increase and pattern is not constant.


answer:
to see how the water effect causes changes on temperature considering albedo and carbon dioxide in the stmosphere.


answer:
The higher the water feedback, the warmer the temperature, as the albedo lowers and therefore the ocean is able to absorb more heat and release more heat.


answer:
The response of temperature of water feedback is generally non-linear as there are many varied results.


answer:
The impacts of water-effect on the temperature of the earth by changing the albedo level and resulting in more heat in the ocean and therefore the ocean releasing more heat into the atmosphere. The higher release of heat from the ocean results in the destabilisation of the equilibrium.


answer:
When the degree of water increases the temperature also decreases.


answer:
I think the key idea of this model is to see the effect of degree of water and albedo on the temperature of the atmosphere.


answer:
When the albedo feedback is on, the termerature increases. THe more albedo there is, more water feedback, which the temperature, then amplifies the effect.


answer:
Liner but it fluctuates a little. Even though the temperature rises gradually and is not always consistent.


answer:
The higher the temperature, the more water feedback, and then the hight the temperature. THis is a positive feedback. The albedo creates more water feedback which increases the temperature.


answer:
The temperature of the water becomes higher when albedo feedback is on.


answer:
The water feekback affects the temperature by increasing it gradually but also wavering it up and down.


answer:
It is non-linear as the results waver within the prevailing trend as stated before.


answer:
How the water feedback affects the temperature of the model


answer:
If you put full albedo, nothing will happen as the solar radiation will all reflect. When you increase the fossil fuels, the land heats up faster than without the added fossil fuels. The heat that radiates out from the land causes the air paricles to heat up adn rise, forcing the cooler air particles to lower which makes them heat up which in total starts a convection current.


answer:
The bird flocking model is an open system where as the wind and storm model is a closed system. One has birds and one has fossil fuels. They are similar in the sense that they both have a dynamic equilibrium which can be achieved.


answer:
When you increase the albedo all of the solar radiation is changed into outgoing infrared radiation. The albedo completely eliminates the amount of solar radiation able to be used to heat up the land and sea. 
 
Without the fossil fuel and the albedo the temperature decreases rapidly. 
 
The increase in fossil fuels magnifies the effect


answer:
Albedo, it effects the amount of fossil fuels able to be let out onto the land and sea. It also affects the wind and draught- as seen from the floating blue particles [dust]. The solar radiation and the amount of outgoing infrared radiation is also affected


answer:
The main difference between the two models is that the first has birds and the second model had fossil fuels, albedo and temperatures. 
 
Similarities are that if you change one factor of the system it effects the rest of the system. 
 
Birds and dust particles both have a pattern,


answer:
When the albedo feedback is on, the water causes the temperature to increases slightly because it causes the sun rays and infrared to be more reflective.


answer:
The response of temperature to water feedback is linear.


answer:
How the water affects the carbon cycle, greenhouse effect and the global temperature. These 3 aspects in return affect the water, hence water feedback.


answer:
An increase in albedo causes the temperatures above land and sea to decrease, while lowerin the albedo makes temperatures rise. Increased fossil fuel use causes temperatures above land and sea to increase- temperatures above land have a larger increase than those above sea, while lowering fossil fuel usage rates causes temperatures to drop.


answer:
The main property of the system that causes theswe patterns to emerge is that solar radiation enters the earth's atmosphere and reflects off the surface of the earth. The higher the albedo or the earth's surface, the more solar radiation is reflected back out of the atmosphere and into space. The more greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, the more outgoing reflected solar radiation is absorbed and remains in the atmosphere rather than reflecting back into space.


answer:
Both systems are governed by certain rules which determine the outcomes of the system. 
 
The wind and storm model is a cycle, while the bird model just keeps changing until it reaches a certain point.


answer:
The balance of the whole system depends on the albedo change, which determines the amount of solar radiation reflected back into space. Fossil fuels cause the temperature to increase very dramatically, whereas albedo makes the temperature drop.


answer:
We found that when we increased the amount of fossil fuels burned the temperature increased dramatically, and if we increased the albedo levels it would have an opposite effect where the temperature decreases dramatically.


answer:
In the Bird Flocking model, the changes and patterns depended on the rules that the birds followed in order to flock.  In this model the balance was dependent on the albedo levels.  There are only 2 variables tat we can make changes to, unlike the first which has more options and leads to more outcomes.


answer:
When the albedo is decreased the surface absorbs more heat. When there is greater albedo, the air particles heat up which causes them to move thus creating some wind. 
 

 
When there is no fossil fuel usage, the average temperature is low which causes the wind to form slowly. However when there is greater fossil fuel use, there is more heat generated and the wind is formed quickly.


answer:
The wind is created because of the difference between the temperature on the surface of the water and the temperature of the air. When there is greater fossil fuel usage, there is more wind because the air heats up however, the water does not. Greater albedo also causes the air to heat up quickly. Thus, wind is formed relatively quickly.


answer:
The main difference between these two models is that one models living things and the other models non living things such as air particles. The similarities of both models is that it is in a closed environment. The model with the flocking of birds may not be exactly accurate as they are unpredictale living things and the model only basically show the pattern but does not reveal other factors that might affect the birds such as the climate, etc. The one with the air particle may be predictable from scientific view however does not clearly show the other factors that might affect the air particles to move a certai way.


answer:
When the albeto effect is raised, the earth develops something resembling a refelctive layer, meaning the heat us simply redirected away from the surface, limiting the global temperature elevation- the same happens for the fossil fuel usuage. When the albedo effect goes down, and when the fossil fuel goes up, the temperature raises.


answer:
Temperature affects insects, and insects are the bulk of a bird's diet.


answer:
- The increase in fossil fuels causes temperatures to rise
 
- The higher the albedo, the more solar radiation is being reflected and the colder the temperature surrounding the surface of the Earth
 
- The lower the albedo, the darker the surface thus absorbing more sunlight and causing the surface to warm up


answer:
That one change to the system, changes another thing in the system.


answer:
- In both models, one change results in the change in another thing - dynamic equilibrium


answer:
Albedo is the reflectiveness of the earth so when the albedo is high then the temperature of land and sea is lower because the uv rays are being reflected before it heats up the earth. 
 
when the albedo is lower the temperature of the land and sea increases 
 
when fossil fuels usage is increased and the albedo is low the land warms up so quickly that it catches on fire and temperatures soar. the dust particles demonstrate the effect the temperature has on the air currents and shows a convection effect particle rise and fall and so does the temperature.


answer:
there are more variables in the first one 
 
in both models when one variable is changed there is a huge change in the model. ie chain effect


answer:
The lesser the albedo and the more the fossilfuel burning increases all of the temperatures.
 

 
With the total disappearance of fossil fuels and the the max of albedo the temperatures remain constant and dont increase.
 

 
However, without ice or fossil fuels the temperatures increase again cuz there is no balance.


answer:
chain effects
 
emergence is based on the effects of input of data.


answer:
Both are models of dynamic equilibrium.
 

 
birds are more reliant on nature and leadership while the wind and storm model is more focused on the man-made interferences.


answer:
The surface of the land heats up more than the sea because in the sea, the heat from the sun becomes distributed across the entire body of ocean, whereas on land the sun only affects the surface.  Hence the land releases more heat back up to the air, and the difference in the temperature released over land and sea will cause winds and storms to form.
 
Wind and storms form from the temperature difference between the air over the land and the sea.  It creates a convection current which moves in a cirlular motion, from the cool of the ocean around to the heat that the land is releasing.  The sea-breeze is the force that causes it to move.


answer:
A pattern emerges without having been previously built into the system.  In the bird flocking model, the birds formed a pattern in their flight which wasn't built into their systems to do so, they were simply following the set of rules.  In this system the weather patterns develop without having been controlled.


answer:
A pattern emerges without having been previously built into the system. eg. the way that clouds are formed, it's part of a chain action that creates it.


answer:
Because of the water feedback, if there is more fossil fuels, more sun rays are being absorbed by the earth and less are being reflected.


answer:
When there is more albedo, it may display a tipping point in the unstable system. The fossil fuels burning will make the system unstable and so this is an example of when it could display a tipping point.


answer:
When there is lots of positive feedback and it causes something to change which in turn, causes a break in the equilibrium.


answer:
When there is lots of positive feedback and it causes something to change which in turn, causes a break in the equilibrium. Tipping point is shown in the model in the form of albedo and water feedback. 
 

 
When you put something small on weighing scales, it doesn't change the scales as much. But when something huge is put on the scales, it completely changes/breaks the equal level of the scales.


answer:
The temperature steadily rises in a linear pattern. However, it levels off after a while, but still spikes at times.


answer:
The albedo and the water effect changes causes a tipping point. This is because there is an imbalance of the water feedback.


answer:
The water affects the climate, when it increases. It changes the Co2 intake, which in  effect changes the temeperature.


answer:
The concept of a tipping point is when there is an imbalance of the feedback factors in the environment. The positive feedback is too strong, and therefore the negative feedback cannot create a stable equilibrium situation.


answer:
The combined effect of Albedo and Water feedback affects the system's response to fossil fuel usage as it makes the fossil fuel usage have a bigger effect, thus the temperature will be more easily impacted by the fossil fuels.


answer:
Yes, there are circumstances in which the system is not stable and displays a tipping point. This is when the temperature increases to a dangerously high level.


answer:
The concept of a tipping point applies to the Climate Model with Water Feedback because the positive feedback can outweigh the negative feedback and creates a tipping point.


answer:
Tipping Point is when the positive feedback outweighs the negative feed and the whole thing just tips over. (you told me to explain in my own words)


answer:
the water feedback and albedo effect reaches a tipping point, howver, with the fossil fuel usage, this tipping point becomes a constant temperature and remains this way (roughly).


answer:
yes, when the water-effect level is at 100 and the albedo-feedback is on.


answer:
a tipping point applies to this model as it reaches a high temperature of approx. 120 degrees celcius before gradually decreasing (when water-effect is set on 100 and albedo-feedback is on).


answer:
a tipping point is when positive feedback outweighs the negative feedback, and this results in a 'peak' in temperature and this is non-linear. thereafter, the temperature gradually decreases. an example of this is when pressure builds up inside a soccerball after being pumped, and it eventually explodes.


answer:
Winds form between places of different air pressure. The cold, denser air


answer:
on the micro level, there is no emergence seen in the system. the system has no need for the emergence- its something that has come out during the system that was not there before. it pushes the emergence. the emergence in the birds is there because they dont care about the birds around them, they are just a flock of birds all travelling in the same direction. and in the wind and storm system, the emergence is in the dust particles travelling around in a convection motion.


answer:
the concept of emergence is the idea of patterns forming based on input of data.
 
on a micro level, it cannot be seen, and only on a macro level, is the emergence seen. nothing will tell the system to push forward, it is because of the emergence that the system works.
 

 
My experience of emergence is when I was born. I emerged from a sperm and egg and because emergence is the process of coming into being - I am an example of emergence.


answer:
The combined effect of Albedo and Water Feedback with added CO2 useage, the temperature skyrockets and increases dramatically. This is because CO2 increases the temperature of the earth, thus increasing the amount of water vapour in the air and as a result decreasing the Albedo. This is how the temperature increases.


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Yes, The system goes into imbalance when there is excessive positive feedback. Increasing CO2 increases water vapour which destroys Albedo, and thus there is a very strong positive feedback.


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When you increase the CO2 or the Water effect, the temperature goes up. If you turn on ALbedo at first it refelects some of the rays back, but over time it disappears as a result of increased water vapour in the atmoshpere. This is how it is very easy to create a tipping point.


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Its where the possible feedback is overwhelming everything else, making an inevitable, dramatic increase.


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The higher the albedo rate the more solar radiation is being reflected. this increases the heat being reflected into the atmosphere from te land, heating the air above it. the heated air then rises and moves towards the cooler air above the ocean. as a consequence, the air cools and then rushes back towards the land, which is an area of low pressure (air and wind will move from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure). The changes in the albedo rate (difference in the radiation being reflected) affects the amount of heated air that ensures the smooth running of the process.


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The main property of the system that creates patterns in the model is the albedo rate because it affects the movement of the cells of air. The pattern created by the wind is greatly affected by the rate at which solar radiation is reflected. as you incease fossil fuel burning, the air is heated not only by albedo but by man-made means, inreasing the air temperature dramatically.


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Both the systems have to follow a particular pattern and problems occur if any factor spoils the equilibrium of the processes. Both the models also explain how natural processes occur in the natural environment. The main difference is that the first model is an open pattern whereas the second model is a closed system. The second difference is that both the models represent different phenomenons but despite this a similiar pattern manages to emerge from both the models.


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It increases even quicker, because there are two positive feedbacks already- the water and aledo feedback affects it already; it amplifies the positive feedback.


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Yes, the albedo and water feedback are both positive feedback. This makes the system unstable and the temperature increases dramatically and does not go back to an equilibrium.


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The water feedback and albedo feedback are both positive, and they can't go back to an equilibrium (there is no negative feedback) therefore the positive feedback outweighs the negative and the climate system becomes unstable and the temperature continues to increase.


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It is when the positive feedback outweighs the negative, so it keeps increasing without going back to an equilibrium. An example would be a stampede. The more animnals running creates more panic, which makes more animals running. There is no negative feedback, so there is a tipping point because the number of animals keeps increasing and creates a bigger stampede.


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The temperature rises very gradually. However, the CO2 level rises very suddenly and in a straight line. The CO2 in the ocean also rises, but very gradually. This is because the combined effect of Albedo and Water feedback causes the temperature to rise so dramatically, the temperature's response to fossil fuel usage does not seem as much in comparison. The water vapour is already a very harmful greenhouse gas, so the fossil fuel usage does not cause a sudden temperature rise, but only gradually adds to the temperature.


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When the combined effect of the Albedo and the Water feedback causes the temperature to continue rising, and cause the positive feedback to overwhelm the negative feedback, the system becomes unstable and displays a tipping point.


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As there is the Water Feedback and more water vapour into the atmosphere, the positive feedback overwhelms the negative feedback. This causes a tipping point in which the feedbacks are not equal. This causes a non-linear display.


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The tipping point is when the positive overwhelms the negative feedback and pushes it further from a state of equilibrium. For example, person A gets angry with person B causing person B to get angry with person A. Person A then gets even more angry with person B and person B gets even more angry too. This shows a tipping point, as they are being pushed further and further from making up.


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With fossil fuels burning Carbondioxide increases dramatically whilst the C-oceans rise steadily. The temperature is very inconsistent and non-linear. 
Without the fossil fuels burning the temperature is still inconsistently rising and the carbon dioxide and the C-oceans are parallel to each other


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Yes there is, the temperature shows several tipping points which are not stable. When the temperature rises dramatically, there is also a severe drop (tipping point) which leads to another cycle.


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when the temperature rises the oceanic vapors are produced more rapidly therefore there comes a point where the atmospheric pressure is too high and we experience precipitation.


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the constant cycle of non linear rising and falling in result of high pressure at one point. 
When you place a ruler on the edge of the table with one end hanging over the edge, after a short while place a small weight on the ruler(side hanging off the edge), and the pressure becomes too much and the ruler topples off the side of the table.


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Winds forms by follwing the same principle of temperature difference between the land and the ocean which then forms a convection current of air particles, then forming a breeze.


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These two patterns come out of nowhere in the two models. It isn't a natural thing in the two models, it happens due to the emergence.


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Emergence is the concept of something occuring when it isnt natural. For example, the bird model. The birds forme themselves into a certain formation which is not nature to them. Emergence is the act of something happening in a model which leads to a certain cycle.


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When fossil fuels are burnt, the temperature goes up significantly. But albedo lessens the effect of the heat penetrating the water because it reflects the heat preventing it up from heating up.


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Yes , the higher the concentration of fossil fuels, the more the temperature goes up relentlessly. When the variables are changed suddenly, the system is not stable and displays a tipping point.


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The concept of the tipping point applies to the model because it demonstrates that the more fossil fuel we burn, the more unstable the ecosystem is and will eventually 'tip'


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A tipping point is when it has reached its limit, its end. At this point, things are irreversible and the world will face its end. For example, if a person indulges in unhealthy foods, he will eventually fall ill and this will be his 'tipping point'


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Wind forms because of the convection currents within the atmosphere. The convection current itself is created by the movement of the air particles as they rise and fall with their temperature which is radiated to them by the heat from the land.


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The two models have rules which they must both follow and over time creates a pattern which is not planned or predictable.


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It is when a pattern emerges from a system and the patterns are not made making it a phenominal event. People walk on the left-hand side from which a pettern emerges of which everyone walks, swims and drives on the left-hand side(even though the majority of the population is right-handed).b


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Winds form when a convetion current occurs (when particles heat up, then rise, then cool down, and fall, moving in a cycle). Storms form when effect is magnified.


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Emergence is when patterns occur on a macro level, where particles on the micro level don't know about it, but it happens anyways. It applies in the way that originally, the birds and particles move in random directions, however, after a while, a pattern starts to emerge.


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Weather.
 
When a pattern emerges without a certain set of rules that dictates it?


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wind and storms are formed by the earth.


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they both exibit the same pattern of emergence through the flocking of the birds and the circulation of the dust particles.


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emergence is when a pattern is formed but you can only see it on a macrosoft level. well, people walk with their friends and therefore flock together but dont want to get too close because there is a personal boundary but they are going in the same direction (ie school).


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Wind forms when it is moving from a high pressure system from a low pressure system - the air is being pushed out and sucked in. The movement of air is wind. Storms form from low pressure systems - the air is sucked in, condenses forming clouds, circulates. When the clouds become too dense they release all the water and starts to rain but with the lightning, friction between the particles/water molecules makes it gain a charge, negative charge goes to the bottom of the cloud which is attracted to the positively charged ground. 'Lightning' is then formed.


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At first there is no set pattern, but then a pattern emerges - takes a while for it to form. Each model doesn't really follow a pattern until a certain criteria is met, for example birds don't flock until they're around other birds from their activated instinct. It balances out which forms a trend.


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Emergence is when a trend suddenly appears in a situation where there was no apparent trend initially. For example, locusts - normally they're solitary, but when a certain chemical is changed in their brain by a release in seratonin, they start to swarm together. They then become vicious and start to march/fly united and eat crops. They then become a pest and possibly cannibals. :)


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Winds and storms are the results of different air pressures colliding.


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emergence applies due to the idea that the models react to their surroundings and the randomn effects.
 
The emergence is due to the environment and the landscape or atmosphere.


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emergence is the effect of change through randomn effects and nature on a micro level so that it cannot be seen but is affected through chain reactions.It is the idea of patterns formed based on the input of data and the reactions and landscapes.


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The combined affect of albedo and water feedback raises the temperature more rapidly tnan the trend before water vapour and albedo were put in place.


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Yes - when the level of water vapour was increased, at first the increase in temperature was linear, but it soon reached a tipping point and the change in temperature became non-linear.


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When the positive feedback (increasing the water vapour, causing the temperature to rise, causing the water vapour levels to rise, etc.) overwhelms the negative feedback (the difference between the input and output of heat bringing the temperature back to an equilibrium), the climate model reaches a tipping point, and the change in temperature becomes non-linear.


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A tipping point is when positive feedback overwhelms negative feedback, causing the results to be furher from an equilibrium.


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It appears that wind is caused by the changing temperature of the atmosphere, creating up-draughts and down-drafts, which can be affected by the burning of fossil fuels such as is shown in the the diagram. Storms are basically from the same source but much more severe and with other causes as well. (aka currents, friction, climate etc)


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In the first model we see the concept of emergence through how the birds form flocks even though they are not programmed to, creating an emerging pattern. In the second model we see emergence through the unplanned movement of the wind current when the fossil fuels and aldebo are changed.


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Emergence systems are where unplanned patterns form from a set of rules. For example, if you tell people that come from the bottom of a staircase to only walk up on the right side, you will find that the people that come from the top will tend to walk down on the left.


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The fossil fuel usage contributes to the greenhouse effect which makes the atmosphere warmer which causes more water to evaporate and decrease the albedo. This in turn makes the sun's rays stronger which makes the atmosphere warmer, therefore more water is evaporated which contributes to the greenhouse effect.


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When the water effect is really high, the albedo is low, the sunbrightness and the greenhouse gases are prevalent the positive feedback overwhelms the neagtive feedback which results in a tipping point.


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The water feedback affects the temperature of the earth and traps the sun's heat in the atmosphere, which makes the earth hotter and more water is evaporated. This cycle is constant until the earth becomes so hot that negative feedback can't bring the temperature back to its normal state.


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The tipping point is when you add so much of one thing to an item that the item can not go back to its original state. One example is, when you add too much sugar to a cup of tea it becomes too sweet to change back to its original taste.


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when the land heeat up and the cold sea breeze hits the hot air ove rthe land, the cold sea breeze is forced to rise ove rthe hot air and the cold breeze goes up into the atmosphere where it cools and descends and then is caught up in the sea breeze again and is pushed into the hot air. the air circulates around in this pattern which is called a convection current.
 
the storms forms when this weather becomes violent and there is enough water vapour in the air to form clouds.


answer:
emergence is when a pattern appears in an environment where that pattern was not programmed to happen. in the bird flocking model this happened when the birds started flocking together and forming a flock. in the wind and storm model this happened when the land started heating up creating a convection current.


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emergence is whne a pattern appears in an environment where that pattern was not programmed to happen. when there is a pile of food then ants who are moving randomely before then begin to walk in an orderly line to the food and from the nest, this forms a pattern that was not there before.


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It the temperature increases dramatically as the Albedo and Water feedback as the fossil fuels amplifies the positive feedback affect.


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Yes, when the albedo effect is completely diminished, there will be nothing cooling the earth, thus making it erupt in temperature.


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The concept of tipping point applies to the Climate Model with Water Feedback by the dramatic increase of temperature. With fossil fuels the earth heats up even more quickly, thus melting ice, which in turn absorbs more heats which in turn releases more water vapour which in turn traps more heat which melts more ice.


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Kids talking in a room. When one group in the room talks softly, and another group talks louder over the other group and the other group talks even louder to hear themselves until is shouting in the room until the teacher get mad and brings it back to the equilibrium - silence.


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Wind occurs when air moves between areas of different air pressure- the aim is always to try and equalise, so high pressure air will move into an area of low pressure. In this model, the air above the land heats faster than the air above the sea. This means that the air above the land is warmer and therfore is at a higher pressure while the air above the sea is cooler and at a lower pressure. The air pressure wants to equalise, so it flows from above the land (high pressure) to above the sea (low pressure) creating wind.


answer:
In both the bird model and the wind and storm model, we see a number of set rules that apply to the small scale. However, the combination of the all these rules and their affects causes a pattern to emerge on the large scale. 'Flocking' in the first model, and weather in the second.


answer:
Emergence is when a large-scale pattern appears due to small scale interconnnected patterns and rules. When the bell rings at the end of a lesson at school, each individual person knows where their next class is. Although no-one is aware of the large-scale pattern that is emerging, it can be observed that everyone floods into the corridors at the same time before seperating into designated class groups.


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Temperature differences causes convection currents which means air particles move around, so when there is a temperature difference between the land and the sea, the heated air above the land satrts to rise to a point where it cools down again and begins to fall. this is depicted by the blue dust particles. so storms and winds form when theres a temeprature difference because this then causes the wind and air currents to move faster thus generating faster winds.


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the emergence concept applies to the two models since all variables involved in the models have no intelligence of sort and only follows the set rules but since both models of non intelligent objects form a cycle this displays the concept of emergence. the birds have no intelligence and only follows the three set rules but however manage to create and fly in flocks that generally fly in the same direction. the winds in model two have no intelligence but still manage to form a convection cycle.


answer:
emergence is when objects that have no intelligence create a cycle or pattern. weather demostrates this phenonmenon


answer:
when a centre of low pressure develops with a system of high pressure surrounding it.


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In both models, on a micro level, there is no visible pattern seen. ie, a single bird itself does not follow a particular pattern, and weather is no drawn out. However, at a macro level, when you look at the overall product, a very significant and dramatic pattern is formed. This is called the concept of emergence.


answer:
Emergence is when a pattern is formed at the macro level, and not at a micro one.
 
An example would be school groups, where if you look at a person individually, no pattern is seen. but if you look at the entirety of the grade for example, at lunch time, you will be able to see the distinctive groups formed.


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Winds form from the heating of the air that are hit by the light rays which is converted into heat when it hits te air particles. The air particles when warmed up by the light rays then rises as warm air rise and the empty place is then take by the sinking cool air which forms wind when the air particles move around.


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Emergence applies to the two models as both models do not display patters on a mirco level however, they do on a macro level. In the two models, the individual birds and wind particles do not display any pattern however, when you look at the whole group, a pattern emerges.


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Emergence is when patterns develop on the macro level as opposed to the micro level. 
 
An example of this phenomenon is whales moving in their pods.


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-increase in CO2 
 
-gradual increase of temperature
 
-increase in CO2 in the ocean
 
-the water vapour absorbs more CO2
 
-less albedo


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Yes there will be a tipping point, as there are two positive feedback systems. Because there is not a negative feedback system to create an equilibrium, the positive feedback continues to increase an creates a tipping point.


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This applies because it's important and a tipping point in the environment will affect the climate and the environment. When the water feedback overtakes the albedo feedback, the temperature increases and creates an unstable environment for human life.


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An example is bulls and panic. When one bull panics and starts to charge, it creates more panic within the bulls. This is a positive feedback system. Because there is no negative feedback system to balance out the positive feedback, eventually all of the bulls will panic and charge with detrimemtal effects. This is the tipping point.


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The combined effect of Albedo and water feedback affect the system's response to fossil fuel usage as when the water and albedo feedback are both turned on, the temperature and the carbon from the atmosphere and the oceans icreases at a steady rate.


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Yes, the increase of carbon in the model when there is nothing using it up means that the temperature increases which means that the model is not in the state of equilibrium.


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The concept of a tipping point applies to the Climate Model with Water Feedback by being the tipping story of the waters tipping over.


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A tipping point is when an environment is not in a state of equilibrium. This is when there is something in the environment that produces a lot of something that is not balanced out by another product in the system.


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Once you start using lots of fossil fuel, the carbon dioxide goes up. Increased water vapor in the air traps more heat. And


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When you are burning too many fossil fuels and there is increased traping of heat which increase water feedback. If the system passes the tipping point, the temperature still keeps increasing but the carbon dioxide and oceanic absorption rate are balanced again.


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I really dont know. Still a bit confused.


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Tipping point is when the balance of a system is totally ruined


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wind forms when air masses move from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure. The greater the difference in the pressure of the two areas, the greater the speed of the wind. Storms form in areas of intense low pressure, when wind speed increases dramatically. Clouds develop when warm moist air rises suddenly and the water particles are forced to condensate around tiny dust particles in the clouds. When the water particles become too heavy to be supported in the air they fall to the ground as rain, sleet, hail or snow. lightning is generated by the friction between minute dust particles in the clouds, building a negative charge. when this charge is big enough, it is attracted to the positive anchor of the earth and is released at massive speeds and with more heat than the sun.


answer:
both models had no pattern at the start, then a pattern emerged due to various local factors. Both models had a particular pattern that emerged after a while of functioning normally. This particular process of a pattern emerging so that scientists can make make further hypothesis is called the process of Emergence. Initially in the bird model, the birds were not travelling in a partciular manner or direction, then due to the birds following fixed rules a pattern emerged. In the other diagram the albedo affected other factors of the model to travel in a particular manner therefore a pattern emerged from the second model too.This means that the concept of emergence does apply tot he two models we have investigated.


answer:
the concept of emergence is when in an environment there is no pattern, and then a pattern emerges. yay,  
 
one example is the weather


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No, they don't have a leader. Each bird seems to be following the same set of rules. One rule is that the birds tend to turn so that they move in the same direction as the birds around it. Another rule is that when they get too close to a bird they move away from it. This rule seems to override the other rules. The last rule is that the birds will tend to move towards nearby birds unless the bird gets too close.


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They all move in the same direction and they move towards eachother, while leaving a respectable distance between them and another.


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When birds get close they join up to form flocks. When one flock gets too close to another, they join to form a bigger flock.


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They feel compelled to turn repeatedly and fly towards other birds, and then follow that direction. Allignment and cohesion allolw the birds to form flocks, and separation stops the birds from forming one giant flock. Their vision also affects how quickly they create a flock and how big the flocks are.


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No, the birds do not have a leader. The flocks are created by three rules: alignment, separation and cohesion. Alignment means that a bird will turn so that it is following the direction of nearby birds. Separation means that a bird will aviod another bird that gets too close. Cohesion means that a bird will move towards other nearby birds (unless a bird is too close to them).


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The main property of the birds' behaviour is cohesion. WIth cohesion, it allows the other two rules to take place.


answer:
Bird flocks do not have a leader. Birds flying in a flock follow three rules - alignment, separation and cohesion. An individual bird flies in the same direction as other birds nearby, but when two birds fly too close to one another, they swerve away to avoid contact. When a bird is isolated from the rest of the flock, it follows the rule of cohesion and flies towards a nearby bird. The instinct of separation overule the other two rules.


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The main properties include the instinct to stay as one group(cohesion and alignment)to avoid seperation and unruly mass flying. Separation ensures that no birds collide and cause casualties to themselves and to disrupt the other birds.


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Yes the birds do have a leader. The birds follow three rules: alignment, separatation and cohesion. The three rules affect only the bird's heading. Each bird always moves forward at the same constant speed. When two birds are too close, the separation rule overrides the other rules. The smaller flocks tend to join up with the bigger flocks.


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The main property of the birds' behaviours that allows for the formin of a flock is the need to join a larger flock and the instinct to follow other birds.


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The flocks form up without a leader. The main rules are that the birds tend to move in the same direction that nearby birds are moving and that they will usually join other birds nearby unless they get too close, which results in separation.


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The main properties of the bird's behaviour is the idea of algnment, separation and cohesion, where they follow other birds nearby, but if they are too close, they will separate (to join other flocks), allowing flocks to form that are not too crampt.


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Yes. The one at the front leads the flock, and the ones behind follow its trail forming a current in which the others keep to. As more birds gather behind the leader, the more the current and therefore the better they keep together as a flock.


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They want to get somewhere quickly, their wings propel the flock giving more current and therefore more speed.


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Yes the bird flocks have a leader. The birds form a flock when they're flying in the same direction they follow one another, if a bird wants is too close to another, it heads in a different direction and follows another flock.


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The birds align to move in the direction of nearby birds. They move towards other birds as close as possible.


answer:
the birds separate into little flocks of varied numbers and there is, for a while, a leader, causing the whole flock following them to turn change direction when the leader does, but a group will branch off
 
their vision, the max align turn, the max cohere turn and the max sparate turn determine how the birds form a flock
 
the rules that they follow are alignment, separation and cohesion


answer:
the main property of the birds' behaviours that allows for the forming of a flock is separation. when tow birds are too close, the separation rule overrides the other two commands


answer:
no, the birds simply move in the same direction while grouping together. the bird in front is just flying with with the others following.


answer:
yes.
 
main rules that govern how birds form a flock:
 
- if they see another bird infront of them they will follow
 
- if they seperate from the flock then they will join another flock that is closeby
 
- a flock is kind of when there are birds that are close together, flying in a similar direction
 
- formed when other birds are close by...


answer:
The flocks randomly form at the beginning, after a while many smaller flocks join together to form a larger group.
 
Birds usually group together depending on the size of the other flock.
 
Similar colours attract
 
The bird formations move in a circular motion so when a cycle is done, a few birds get lost as a result of the fast movement. These move on to join other flocks


answer:
The birds form flocks depending on which direction the flocks are going at initially. If one small group is travelling in the direction of another lone bird, that bird will most likely join that flock.
 
Also when the birds do a cycle, if another flock is close, some of the birds migrate to the other flock and join with them, thus creating larger flocks.


answer:
The bird flocks don't have a leader. The birds in their flock all fly by following a set of rules. After a while, the flocks start to join with other flocks; the smaller flocks tend to join the bigger flocks. Sometimes when birds are close to a flock, they begin to join the flock. Sometimes when flocks pass each other, some birds join the new group and leave their old one or all of them could combine together. Once a They all first start out by flying individually and in different directions, after flocks are formed the birds begin to fly in one direction. 
 
The birds tend to align themselves to others, so they tend to turn into the direction of other birds but they also turn away when other birds are too close.


answer:
The bird rely greatly on the area they can see. The greater the area of vision of the birds, the greater in size of the flock in a shorter time. When the area of vision was decreased, it took a much longer time for them to start joining a flock. 
 
Also, the more degrees they can turn also helps speeding up the formation on flocks.


answer:
alignment and cohesion allow the birds to move effectively together in the same direction.


answer:
The birds that flock do not have a leader. The main rules that govern how birds form a flock are the alignment where birds follow the other birds' direction of flight, which therefore explains why birds often fly in a single direction, cohesion which is the joining of birds together to fly together in a group and separation where a bird separates from another bird when it is too close. Separation overrides the other two factors when the birds are too close.


answer:
The main property of the birds' behaviour that allows them to form a flock is firstly their style of living in groups instead of in solitude. The whole flock's constant speed also matches with all of the birds in the flock; which allows all the birds to stay as a group together without any of them falling behind or staying too far ahead. By separation the birds may be able to create more flocks which can encompass other birds that have separated from their previous flock. This allows the birds to progress towards the same direction even after separation.


answer:
The higher the albedo, the lower the temperature as it means that all incoming sunlight is reflected, resulting in no absorbtion of sunlight. The burning of fossil fuels helps to heat up the temperature faster than if it wasn't used. The fossil fuels do not effect the temperature if the albedo is high. The fossil fuels act as a catalyst, speeding up the reaction.


answer:
The albedo is the main property of the system. With it set at a lower rate, more heat is absorbed leading to a hotter atmosphere and vice versa.


answer:
The first model is based on the individual actions of the birds of the flock, and the second model relies mainly on the albedo to do all the work.


answer:
If the albedo rate is decreased and the fossil fuel usage is relatively large, the temperature above land heats up rapidly. The temperature above sea also heats up, however the changes are not as evident. If the albedo rate is significantly higher, and the fossil fuel usage is very low, the temperature does not change at all. This is due to the albedo effect, the rate of incoming solar radiation to outgoing infra-red radiation. If the albedo rate is decreased, and the fossil fuel usage is extremely high, both the temperature above land and temperature above sea is influenced and the heat is increased at a very high speed.


answer:
The main property of the system that creates ths patterns of the model is the albedo effect.


answer:
Both models have a main property and rules that drive that model and how the system works. 
 
The bird model doesn't have a repel, the birds just depend on each other to move and this is what makes the system run. Whereas in the wind and storm model, there is another factor (temperature/heat) that drives the dust particles away from empty space.


answer:
The albedo changes the absorbtion percentage of the suns rays. As the fossil fuel usage increases, the temperature does also. As the amount of fossil fuel usage decreases, the heat above the land does also


answer:
The main property of this system that creates the patterns in this model, is the albedo rate.


answer:
The birds and the particles in the second model follow three rules: alignment, separatation and cohesion. 
 

 
However the wind particles tend to move in a clockwise direction at all times, whereas the birds fly in one direction.


answer:
Originally the pattern is that the dust particles outline the land, because the land is heated, and the heated aire rises, carrying the particles with it. Near the ocean, the dust particls remain fairly scattered since the cold, dense air sinks. The higher the albedo is, the more scattered the dust particles remain, because no radiation is absorbed by the land and therefore no heating takes place. The more fossil fuel there is, the higher the temperature is, and therefore the particles remain more in motion, but essentially it magnifies the effect.


answer:
They both conatin repeating patterns, however the wind and storm model shows some effect of human activities whereas the bird model does not show any effect of human sctivities.


answer:
When the albedo is high, it reflects the amount of solar radiation back into the sky. When it is low, more solar radiation is absorbed in the land. The more fossil fuels the less constant the temperature. The low albedo and high fossil fuels cause hot temperatures on land.


answer:
The albedo creates pattern you observe in the model.


answer:
The two models similarity is that the dust particles flock together like the birds, in the place furtherest from warmth. They can't get too close to the heat either--the dust particles will separate when they approach the sun, just as the birds will separate when they get too close to each other, even when they're in a flock. The wind and storm model is a little like a sea breeze in that the hot air rises and is replaced by the cold air, which then heats up quickly.


answer:
With a higher albedo rate, the temperatures go down because there is no solar radiation being absorbed into the land or the ocean. With a higher fossil fuel rate, the sun rays get extremely hot therefore resulting in land heating up rapidy to high temperatures and the air above the sea heating too.


answer:
The air above the land heats more rapidly than the air above the ocean, causing the warm air to rise, resulting in the cooler, more dense air taking the place of the warm air rising. This cool air then gets heated over the land and rises, continuing a cycle.


answer:
i'm not really sure..... i wish i knew the answer but i don't. sorry. :(
 
i'm just not smart enough. sorry.


answer:
when we increase the albedo, less solar energy is absorbed into the earth and more is reflected back into space and also the heat decreases and gradually the movement of the air decreases and then stops, possibly because they've frozen and the earth is no longer absorbing heat. When we increased the amount of fossil fuel, the land heated up much faster, and the air particles are also moving at a more rapid rate.


answer:
In the first model, the birds all eventually flew in a flock, and in the second, after the albedo was increased the air particles seem to have followed a similar path. As opposed to the first model, the second one doesn't have a 'leader' to follow, the particles all just get attracted to one area, depending on the behaviour of the albedo and fossil fuel.


answer:
- the higher the amount of fossil fuel usage, the higher the temperature
 
- the higher the albedo, the lower the temperature as it works as a form of shield- blocking out the heat.


answer:
- they all change depending on the properties for example the albedo and the vision


answer:
the flocking birds behaved in accordance with each other whereas the dust particles are moved by their own temperature.


answer:
When the albedo is incresed, less sun radiation is absorbed into the land and sea, and therefore there is a small amount of temperature change which results in small levels of hot air to rise and move. As the hot air rises, it brings dust particles with it in the cycle of rising hot air, which cools then drops. The fossil fuel is used to magnify this effect. Therefore, the change in albedo and fossil fuel usage effects the speed of which the hot air rises and dust particles move.


answer:
The main property of this system that creates the patterns is the rising hot air (whihc is less dense than cold air and therefore rises), which 'pulls' the dust particles up then around as the air cools and falls (as up draughts, down drafts and convection currents).


answer:
The main similarity is the idea of objects following each other through silimar behaviours but the difference is that in the wind and  storm model, there are more factors that influence the absorbtion and warming up of the air.


answer:
An increase in the fossil fuel usage creates a dramtic increase in temperature, especially in the temperature above land. The wind current also moves further away from the land.
 
An decrease in the albedo makes the wind currents move much more in a cycle, there are warm particles moving up and then into the cooler region, but at the same time the cooler particles are moving down and into the warmer region. The albedo has a small increase in the temperature.
 
An increase of the albedo also cools down the temperature, even if there is an increase in fossil fuels


answer:
The temperature of above land and the ocean. It also identifies the wind current related to the increase or decrease of temperature.


answer:
Both of the models have a cause and effect. Both of them emerge together due to conditions, however the condtions are different for each of the models. The bird model had conditions that related to the birds for example their vision, but in the wind and storm model, they emergence depended on the surrounding environment for example the temperature due to fossil fuels and albedo. Another difference is that the emergence in the bird model is represented by the birds, however in the second model, emergence was represented with dust particles


answer:
it determines the amount of solar radiation reflected back into space, and therefore affects the temperature rise. The less solar radiaton reflected, the higher the temperature rises due to the solar rays being transformed into infrared rays which warm the atmosphere. High fossil fuel usage raises the temperature quicker as they affect the solar rays, when they are reflected back onto the earths surface, increasing the amount of infrared rays.


answer:
The pattern of dust movement observed is created by the property of air that makes hot air rise and cold air sink. The raise in temperature of air is affected by the albedo and fossil fuel use.


answer:
In both models a pattern is observed. Both models have a cycle like pattern, in which one individual is affected by another, creating an affect on the whole group.


answer:
The stronger/lighter the albedo is, the amount of heat rays that become absorbed (and turned into infra-red)lessens and becomes nearly zero. When this happens the temperature drops dramatically and the dust particles in the air gather at a small corner close to the land.
 
If the amount of fossil fuel use is increased, then the land becomes hotter very quickly and heats the dust particles in the air. The ocean too rises in temperature however it does so at a slower rate.


answer:
The albedo's strength determines the temperature pattern, if the albedo is strong, the temperature drops and if it is weak, then the temperature rises.
 
The temperature determines the movement of the dust particles. The hotter it is, the faster and more erratic are the movements of the dust particles, if the temperature is very cold, then the dust particles don't move much and gather in a corner of the map.


answer:
In the bird flock model, we observe dynamic equilibrium where the flocks don't necessarily keep


answer:
When the albedo is raised, the incoming solar heat is reflected back up so that the majority of the heat is kept on the land and in the air, increasing the temperature above land slightly, and only increasing the temperature above the sea even more slightly. The usage of fossil fuel speeds up this process so that the temperature above the land is a lot higher in comparison to the original setting, with the temperature above sea still higher, but not as high as the land temperature.


answer:
The main property that creates the patterns that we observe in the model is the albedo, as it determines how much solar radiation enters the earth's atmosphere and is reflected back into space.


answer:
The similarities between the two models is how the solar radiation that enters the earth all go in one direction, just as the direction the movement of the flock of birds are moving in. However, with the wind and storm model, although depending on the albedo and other factors, the solar heat is often reflected back into space and therefore causing the dust particles to move around in a circle. This is not apparent in the bird flock model, as with that model the birds only move one way and do not return the other way.


answer:
In this example, winds form when hot air rises and leaves a space for the cold air to move in.
 
A storm forms when the air movement becomes fast and rapid, the hot and the cold air clash because the hot air is rising too slowly while the cold air is moving fast. This creates a storm.


answer:
If you take one sample of the whole, and only observe that one object, a pattern will not be seen. However if you look at the whole, with many objects, then a pattern is evident and can be easily observed.
 
e.g.
 
Bird flocks:
 
If you only have one of the birds, you wouldn't be able to view the pattern of flocking and creating flocks. If you have many, then you can see how flocks form easily.
 
Wind and Storm:
 
If you only follow one dust particle, then the flow of air cannot be seen. If you look at a larger sample, then the flow of air/dust particles can be easily observed.


answer:
Emergence is when you can only observe a pattern when looking at the model on a larger scale.
 

 
In autumn, when the leaves fall onto the floor, they fall randomly. However if you wait for a while and look at where the leaves move after the wind blows, you can see that they move together. But if you only at one leaf, it seems to just move to any random place.


answer:
Winds form by masses of air that are different in pressure or temperature coming together. 
 
Storms form specifically by cool and warm masses of air colliding, resulting in the rapidly rising warm air over the cool dense air, condensing to form clouds, resulting in rain and storm.


answer:
In the bird flocking model, the birds fly in completely random directions, their movement decisions are made entirely locally (dependent on the other birds and vision). In the climate model, the air is driven by different temperatures and is also reliant on its environment. 
 
At a micro level, these patterns appear random and reliant on specific environments. However, at a macro level, there is an emergent pattern in both models, one with birds flocking together and the other with a convection current occuring.


answer:
Emergence is the appearance of a pattern when you look at a situation at a macro level. Once you step back and look at a situation as a whole, you may find an emerging pattern. Life could be described as an emergent pattern. If you look at children growing up in different areas in the world and take their IQ and income as an adult, you would probably find a pattern (higher income in developed areas, lower income in developing areas). However, at a micro level, it might seem extremely varied and random the IQ and income of the individual people, especially as different experiences in their life would contribute to the outcome (upbringing, education, wealth).


answer:
When the difference in temperature of the land and sea increases, it encourages the dust particles to start rotating, and form a convection current. The higher the difference, the stronger the movement is, therefore causing wind and storm.


answer:
In both models the emergence is the patterns formed at a macro scale.


answer:
Emergence is the formation of properties over time. For example, all animals of the same species i have seen tend to come together.


answer:
Storms form when two different bodies of air with different temperatures meet. This difference in temperature creates winds and storms. If there is a great difference in temperature then strong winds and strong storms will occur.


answer:
In the bird model, the individual behaviour of the birds (allignment, cohesion, separation) resulted in the flocking of the birds. In the wind and storm model, snall changes in the rate of the albedo and fossil fuels resulted in the changing of temperature, which created strong winds and storms.


answer:
Emergence is the combining of small actions and changes that form a complex pattern. An example of this is the gathering of ants, their gathering is a result of their individual actions, like the birds.


answer:
Winds are formed from the different temperatures between the land and ocean.  The bigger the difference in the temperature ie. the temperature of above land increases, the faster the particle moves, creating bigger winds.
 
Storms are formed when hot air rises and meets with the colder air. 
 
The faster the movement of the air the bigger the movement, therefore creating a storm.


answer:
Emergence applies to the two models on a macro level, where as an individual, they do not influence the end result ie. the emergence of the flocks or the particles. However, looking at the models as a whole, and not just an individual, we can see that there is a pattern that emerges. Emergence is not present at the indivdual level.


answer:
Emergence is the notion that a pattern is formed from the combining of individuals and can be viewed from a macro level. Emergence does not rely on the one individual, but the presence of the individual in a group. An example is when an atom interacts with another atom to create a compound or mixture. There is no pattern for the atoms on the micro level, however on the macro level, they can merge together to form everything around us.


answer:
Winds are formed from the diference in temperature, where masses of air which are different in pressure or temperature move in a convection current(hot air rising and cold air moving into the space of the hot air). When there is a bigger difference of temperature, the wind moves more rapidly which causes storms. Storms are also caused by the collision of hot and cold air which is caused by rapid movement of wind and temperature difference.


answer:
Emergence is applied on a macro(?) level where patterns of behaviour are shown by the agents which can only be caused if there is more than one of the agents. Eg. The birds cannot flock unless there are at least 2 birds and similarly in the wind model, the dust particles move together in a pattern as a whole, according to their behaviour.


answer:
Emergence is the explantaion that large groups of 'agents' allow patterns to form that emerge from the comlexity and behaviours of the group/number of agents, that cannot be achieved on its own(observation of nature). For example atoms, which on its own, cannot create new patterns, but if there are more than one atom, patterns can emerge from the properties and behaviours of the atoms together.


answer:
Winds and storms form from the difference in temperature between the air of the land and sea. When hot air rises, and cooler air rushes in, it pushes the warm air up and into a circular pattern. This cycle repeats itself because warm air will always rise and there will always be incoming cooler air. This cycle causes winds, or 'sea-breezes'.


answer:
Emergence is evident in both models. In the bird model, in the beginning, the birds fly in random directions but flock together later on, forming a pattern to emerge. In the wind and storm model, the difference in temperature causes the dust particles to be moved in a pattern.


answer:
Emergence is the way of how little components all cluster and gather together, and on a large scale, this forms a pattern to emerge. An example from our own experience is after school ends, all the students come from different directions from the school, but we all end up exiting the school in the same direction. This causes a pattern to emerge.


answer:
Winds form when heated, light air masses rise, and move, pushing cool, dense air masses away from the area of their origin. The difference between the average temperature between the two places creates the movement, and therefore wind. A storm is created when a cold front advances on a warm front, and forces the light, hto air to rise extremely quickly. The hot air then condenses at an extremely fast rate, forming clouds, and when the clouds are saturated enough, which happens fairly fast due to the quickly condesnsing hot air, it rains. The movement of the air would also create wind


answer:
A pattern that emerges at a macro level. For example, in the bird model, when a bird sees another bird, it flies to it, and all the birds do the same, eventually following the same pattern, flying in the same direction. In the wind and storm model, the particles are heated and move away from the land, whereas the cool particles crculate slowly and get pushed towards the land by the heated particles, eventually forming a circular kind of formation and therefore and emergent pattern,as the masses follow a pattern.


answer:
Emergence is a pattern that arises on a macro scale. Emergence does not apply on a micro scale, because it would niot display a pattern in the masses, only in a singular form, which would not do justice to the pattern. For example, if you want to collect water in a bowl when it rains, and it rains one drop, which does not place in the bowl, you cannot make the justified statement that all of the raindrops would not place in the bowl. However, if it rains for a while with many raindrops, you would be able to see a pattern emerging that the rain would start to collect at a certain rate in the bowl.


answer:
They are created by the movement of air due to differences in temperature. Hot air rises and cool air descends, creating shifts in air which we experience as winds. When hot air rises rapidly due to rapid heating, cold air sinks rapidy but is also warmed which causes it to rise, creating strong winds, and paired with rapid evaporation and therefore heavy clouds, a storm is created.


answer:
The concept of Emergence applies in both models; in the bird-flocking model we observe the emergence of a series of patterns in the method of the birds direction of flight. Through the bird's interactions with each other, such as Alignment,Separation and Cohesion the observation of the emergence of a series of patterns is observed. In the climate model we observe the emergence of a pattern that is process of wind and the convection current. This is effected through the temperature cycle and the movement of the dust particles.


answer:
Emergence is the concept which involves the accumulative result of several relatively basic or simpler processes leading up to a more complex seres of systems and methods. One example is the cycle of fashion.


answer:
The difference in temperature. When hot air rises and cool air sinks it creates a circular convection current, which then creates the winds and storms, depending on its speed.


answer:
In the first model, the birds at first travel in random directions but after they see other birds they eventually follow eachother and a pattern emerges. For the second model, when the temperature changes, the direction of the particles change and a pattern in their movement also eventually becomes clear.


answer:
Emergence is where you look at a wider scale of a model and there isn't a clear pattern but at a macro and micro view of individual particles,a pattern eventually becomes apparent. 
 
One person watches a YouTube video and others start following the trend and eventually the video becomes viral and everyone starts watching it.


answer:
When the land is heated up by the sun, the warmer air rises and cooler air from the sea rushes in to replace it. That is a breeze. Storms are produced by increasing temperature difference--when the difference between sea and land temperatures are greater.


answer:
In the flocking model, it's not obvious which pattern the birds are following when you examine them individually, but when you look at them as a whole, they start flocking. In the wind and storm model, the dust particles seem to move individually, but they start following a certain pattern when you take an overview of the model.


answer:
Emergence is when at the micro level, the organisms aren't programmed to behave a certain way, so when you examine each individual particle it seems to act randomly. At the macro level, however, we can see patterns and trends beginning to emerge that aren't obvious at an individual level. For instance, like the birds in the flocking model, fish often swim in schools.


answer:
the air if heated the hot air rises and then the cold air tries to get in but instead it just causes that to get heated and rise as well making the wind go faster causing... WINDS!
 
storms are pretty much severe winds...


answer:
an organised pattern has emerged out of the random behaviour


answer:
when things come out of something else..
 

 
so for example:
 
-  weather


answer:
air thats temperature is higher rises above the cooler less dense air. because of this the cooler air rushes in to fill the empty space left by the heated air. the movement of the air is felt as wind. when the current of the air movement becomes more extreme, storms are formed.


answer:
in both cases the individual agents move without direct correspondance with other agents around them.


answer:
emergence occurs on a macro scale. the agents dont intend to be affected by other agents, but end up with an emerging pattern that wasn't necessarily meant to happen.


answer:
Winds form from the difference in temperature between two locations - the sea and the land. The air above the land heats up faster than the air above the water, because water takes a lot of energy to change its temperature. The air above the land rises because it is hot, and the air above the sea moves to take its place, then the hot air eventually cools down, and the cycle starts again. This is called convection current.


answer:
The concept of emergence, relating to when simple rules of things in the world at a micro level interact at each other at a complex level and producing a pattern that is the emergent, is shown in the two models through the simple rules that exist with both the flock of birds and convection current. The birds follow each other and end up travelling in the same direction, even though their starting positions were completely random. The dust particles in the wind and storm model also have completely random positions and had no regular movement when investigated at a micro level, but once the air is heated and there is a change in temperature, the convection current forms and through the wind emerges a cycle.


answer:
The concept of emergence relates to when simple rules of things in the world at a micro level interact with each other at a complex level and produces a pattern that is the emergent property that can be viewed at a macro level. An example that can be looked at is the formation of humans, which are living things that are formed by the complex interactions of a great amount of atoms. Although the atoms themselves do not have a particular pattern, when they react humans form as the emerging pattern.


answer:
When water effect is increased the temperature drops gradually but when water effect reaches 100, the temperature starts rising.


answer:
Non linear because the points on the temperature graph are jagged.


answer:
As the water effect increases, so does the temperature. As the water effect decreases, so does the temperature.


answer:
Not very linear. The temperature goes up at a fast rate with occasional stutters in the graph, until it reaches a dynamic equilibrium.


answer:
If the density of the forest cover is higher, the fire has less chance of dying out, and progresses much more rapidly than if it's lower.


answer:
As the water-effect slider is at full, the temperture rises but whe the water effect slider is low, the temperture drops. As the temperture increases more water in the ocean evaporates into the atmoshpere and is turned into water vapour.


answer:
The temperature is non-linear because it goes up and down for a long period of time.


answer:
The higher the water feedback, the higer the temperature.


answer:
The response of temperature to water feedback is non-linear. It keeps rising and falling.


answer:
When albedo feedback is on and water effect is increased, the temperature is jagged but slowly rising. As the temperature falls, more ice is formed and the albedo goes up. When the temperature rises, the amount of water vapour goes up and the ice melts and the albedo falls.


answer:
Non linear because the points are jagged and not rising at a constant rate.


answer:
How albedo and the water effect impact on global temperature.


answer:
The higher the density, the easier it is for the fire to progress through the forest.


answer:
There is a linear relationship between the response of the fire to the cover density.


answer:
The denser the forest the easier it is for fire to spread from tree to tree as they are closer together. This may be because the fire can only spread across trees not across non wooded areas. Less density means more gap/space between the trees, so the fire can't 'jump' from the treetops as easily.


answer:
the percentage burned becomes slightly linear from 60% to 70% density. Anything lower than that and the fire seems to spread in a non linear unpredicatable pattern, with very lower percentage burned. At 55% density around 3% is burnt. However, at 59% around 50% is burnt. There is a really sudden change due to the tipping point.


answer:
the higher the density the easier the fire finds it to go through the forest. this is because there are more trees and therefore more fuel for the fire ot use to burn, it also moives faster at a higher density.


answer:
linear, because it always seems to go from the left to the right of the screen and at quite a constant pace.


answer:
The more dense the forest is, the quicker the fire is able to burn through it. It is easier for the fire to spread to other trees nearby when the fire is bigger.


answer:
The response of the fire to cover density is non-linear. The fire only moves where there are neigbouring trees for it to spread to.


answer:
The temperature of the system doesn't seem to be affected by the water feedback.


answer:
No water feedback makes the temperature change - drastically up and down. the Albedo feedback when turned on makes the temperature drop whilst making the temperature change more stable. With water feedback turned on, the temperature becomes a lot more stable than if it was turned off.


answer:
it is non-linear and the temperature seems to change almost randomly. No stability. There are so many influencing factors.


answer:
The response of the temperature to water feedback is not linear. This is becasue it does not follow the trends in the water feedback.


answer:
The temperature rises when the water-effect is increased.


answer:
it is kind of non-linear as the temperature is constantly changing but increases either way.


answer:
The degree of water feedback affects the temperature of the system, because the temperature changes. The temperature changes in the system, because it goes up. Also, in this system, the level of carbon dioxide and the carbon in the ocean decreases.


answer:
The response of temperature to water feedback is non linear. This is so, as the temperature increases and decreases at a rate that is not sustained throughout the whole graph.


answer:
It appears that the denser the forest the more area is burnt. This may be because the fire travels much more easily, have vegetaion to extend onto tightly packed around. The less dense the forest the further the flames have to reach to take hold.


answer:
It seems to be non-linear as the fire spreads randomly, into whatever direction it can, even though it begins in a line.


answer:
as the water feedback goes up, so does the temperature of the system.


answer:
the response of temperature to water feedback is non linear as it varies sometimes because of stuff


answer:
The degree of water feedback affects the temperature by making it rise however it then steadies into a dynamic equilibrium. 
 
The extra water molecules in the atmosphere enhances the greenhouse effect.


answer:
For the first 700 years, the response of temperature to water feedback is linear. Since the water cycle is a closed cycle, it becomes steady after a while, as no extra water enters the atmosphere.


answer:
THe higher the density the quicker the fire wil spread, as the fire will latch onto the trees easily.


answer:
The response of the fire is non-linear, as the fire spreads according to flora placement. This is usually uneven, with small patches of dirt, so the fire spreads in cautiflower shape, uneven.


answer:
when you increase the water affect the temperature increases rapidly, the amounof carbon in the atmosphere due to human impact.


answer:
1. The denser the forest cover is, the higher the percentage of forest is burned by the fire. 
 
2. The chance of the fire reaching the right hand side of the model is higher due to more forest cover. This could be due to the increase of fuel (more trees), and the denser the forest, the less space there is for wind which allows the fire to travel in a more directed direction (by physical contact of plant to plant as oppose to fire carried by wind to another plant).


answer:
This is a non-linear response because the fire does not neccesarily burn the same amount of forest even if the forest is the same density, and the amount of forest burned in relation to the density changes rapidly at some levels and slowly at others. e.g. between 56% and 70% we see a vast change in the amount of forest burnt and the likelihood that the fire will reach the far right-hand edge.


answer:
More dense forests acts as fuel to the fire, therefore the denser the fire the quicker the fire spreads. The less trees there are, the less the fire spreads as there is less fuel.


answer:
Linear, since there is a direct relationship between tree density and percentage of forest burnt. If you were to graph the data, it would appear linear relationship.


answer:
the temperature stays stable when the albedo is on


answer:
the response of temperature to water feedback is non linear. i don't know why


answer:
i think that the key ideas in this model are that the water feedback changes temperature


answer:
When the albedo feedback is on the temperature rises at a very slow rate. However when it is off,the temperature rises in a linear fashion at faster rate.


answer:
It is linear. only when the albedo is on.


answer:
To measure the water effect on the world and how albedo is related to it.


answer:
As water feedback increases, after a period of lag, temperature also follows the same trend, although it does follow after a period of time. This pattern is the opposite and true in the case of water feedback decrease.


answer:
The water feedback is linear as it follows the same patterns as water feedback.


answer:
The key ideas about this model is to display the effects of water feedback in relation to the temperature.


answer:
The temperature rises steadily as the water feedback affect increases. The water affect raises the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, which will increase the temperture from the carbon dioxide released from the oceanic absorption.


answer:
The response of temperature to water feedback is non-linear. This is because the water feedback causes the temperature to rise and fall, and it results in inconsistency, which is also non-linear.


answer:
When the water-effect is set to its maximum, the temperature rises rapidly towards 80.1 degrees celcius and if it is set to its minimum, the temperature decreases rapidly, until it reaches a certain temperature and then it stays constant. It may be because the amount of water vapour creates more cloud cover, which traps heat.


answer:
It is linear in a sense that the temperature goes up as the water feedback becomes higher.


answer:
The more dense the trees are the easier it is for the fire to burn it all. The less trees there are close together, the less trees that are able to get burnt as the fire cannot jump over the large gap in the canopy, without the high density.


answer:
There may be some outliers due to the fact that the model randomly generates where the trees are spaced, where as the fire is always set from the same one side, which makes the results inconsistant. Despite all of this the average results make a linear relationship between the density of the forest and the percentage of trees burnt.


answer:
The fire starts on the left edge of the forest, and spreads to neighboiouring trees. The fire spreads in four directions: north, south, east and west.
 
The model assumes that there is no wind. So, the fire must have trees along its path in order to advance. That is, the firs cannot skip over an unwooded area (patch), so such a patch blocks the fire's motion in that direction.


answer:
The degree of water feedback affects the temperature of the system by the amount of water vapour in the atmosphere. If the degree of water feedback increases, the overall temperature also increases because more water vapour is produced and since water vapour is a greenhouse gas, more heated is trapped in the atmosphere, therefore making it warmer.


answer:
The response of temperature to water feedback is rather linear because the changes in the temperature follows the changes to the water feedback and responds and follows the pattern.


answer:
The degree of water feedback that affects the temperature of the system when Albedo feedback is on is not a lot. However, the temperature increases when the water feedback is increased, but it does not become as high when the Albedo feedback is turned off.


answer:
The response of temperature to water feedback is linear. This is so, as the temperature increases when the water feedback increases, and vice versa.


answer:
The key ideas of this model include water feedback, Albedo feedback and temperature. These ideas help show how the relation of all these elements can interrelate with each other. On the graphs, we can view their relation in accordance with each other, and then we can infer how they are related, either in a linear or non-linear pattern.


answer:
Relationship is non linear.
 
Unpredictable.
 
One was based on water, the other fire.
 
Non-living parts


answer:
non-linear as they spread in four different directions.


answer:
The albedo depends on the temperature. As temperature falls, 'more ice is formed' and the albedo goes up. When the temperature rises, the 'ice melts' and the albedo falls.
 
When the temperature rises, the amount of water vapour goes up by and amount controlled by the water-effect slider.


answer:
It is not linear. It is going in an irregular pattern however the temperature ranges from certain temps.


answer:
They are both disgusting. Especially for people who suffer from trypophobia. Both equibrillium.


answer:
The denser the trees are in the forest, the faster the fire burns - and vice versa. The threshold is around 59%, this is the lowest percentage of cover that allows the fire to reach the other side.


answer:
The higher the water feedback the higher the temperature rises whilst albedo feedback was turned on.


answer:
the temperature is non-linear  because the temperature varies and rises for a prolonged period of time and peaks until it stays stable for a while and slowly drops.


answer:
To observe how changing the variables of climate affects the temperature of the earth.


answer:
If you increase the water effect the temperaure gradually rises over time. If you apply albedo-feedback the temperature does not rise or fall with variation.


answer:
nonlinear. The temperature rises and falls and there is no pattern to the variation.


answer:
When the degree of water feedback is increased, the temperature of the system increases. The more water vapour that there is in the air the more humid leading to an increase in temperature.


answer:
It is not linear because the graph line fluctuates from an increase to a decrease and ultimately an increase.


answer:
The degree of water feedback affects the temperature of the system when Albedo feedback is on by the relationship between water feedback, temperature, and the Albedo.  It works as a chain reaction that affects the system.


answer:
It's not exactly linear because there are other factors that change the feedback, it's more complicated.  There is a relationship between the temperature and water feedback but we are unsure if the patterns and changes that occur are actually linear.


answer:
The first fire model was non-linear, and there were less factors involved that could change the cycle.


answer:
The less dense the forest the less the fire burns. However with a denser forest the fire is fast and burns the entire forest.
 
 
 
The more dense the forest the closer the branches creating a pathway for the fire to burn assuming there is no wind in the program.
 
 
 
The less dense the furter apart the branches leaving the fire no room to travel and less pathways of the forest to burn till eventually it is cut off from the rest of the forest greens.


answer:
density linear because the fire's power depends on its use of oxygen to combust and its combustion power depends on how much forest greenery it has to burn.
 
 
 
its speed and time depends on the distance and there is a certain way according to how the trees and other greenery are placed in the model that affects the fire's life force and its speed.


answer:
the higher the density of forest, the more the fire is able to spread due to the increased foilage mass and decreased space between trees. this space decrease allows the fire to travel far more easily in all directions (although wind plays a role in this)  and fire will travel towards unused fuel supplies - in most cases forward.


answer:
The response of fire to cover density is not linear. the fire behaves in a pattern until the foilage cover is upped to a certain level, then the fire behaves differently so the pattern is not linear.


answer:
The more albedo, the more co2 that is dissolved into the atmosphere and the water feedback also contributes to the results. This affect in response to the fossil fuel usage is in the temperature going down as the light gets reflected and so does not heat up the atmosapheric carbon-dioxide.


answer:
In the climate model the temperature would drastically spike with the increase of the water effect and albedo. Though it would not be a definate tipping point as it comes dowm slightly anyway. In the fire model the tipping point is when the fire can travel a long way without going out.


answer:
In the fire model, it is when you had the right amount of density that the fire could burn to the other side of the model from where it started. In the climate model, the tipping point is when there is enough water effect and albedo to make the temperature rise without falling back down.


answer:
it is increasing but not at a rapid pace when the albedo is turned on


answer:
to discover he long term affects due to small changes to the equilibrium.


answer:
Albedo feedback causes the temperature of the system to rise at first and fall again.


answer:
The response is non-linear. The temperature keeps on rising and falling.


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The higher the water feedback, the higher the temperature. The amount of carbon in the ocean and atmosphere did not change. The amount of carbon in trees and sheep remained the same.


answer:
No matter what level the water effect is at, if the albedo feedback is on, the temperature just continues to gradually increase, but constantly moves up and down as it increases in general.


answer:
It is non-linear, as although generally, the temperature of the system goes up, it doesn't increase in a straight manner but instead constantly moves up and down slightly. This response is the opposite of when the albedo feedback is turned off, which causes the temperature to constantly go up or down in a straight line.


answer:
The effect of water feedback on the general temperature and the effect that the albedo feedback has.
 
It seems to bring together most of the things we've learnt as well.


answer:
The forest fire spreads better when the density is higher. It might be because when its denser, the trees are placed closer together which allows fires to spread easier. The crown of the trees make it easier as the leaves catch on fire.


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They are non linear because the fire spreads north, east, south and west and the fire spreads to the nearest trees which is why the density.


answer:
we found the right model finally but we couldnt see any effect with the water ;)


answer:
it is linear because the water feedback is directly related to the albedo feedback, meaning that when the albedo feedback is changed then the water feedback will change in colleration with the albedo feedback


answer:
they both refer to the environment. one of them talks about fire the other one talks about the whole world in general and the relationship of many different things in the environment. the forest fire is very specific to one environment whilst the second one relates ot the earth's environemnt as a whole.


answer:
When Albedo feedback is on, the degree of water feedback affect increases, which shows a similar result in the temperature.


answer:
The response of temperature to water feedback is non-linear. This is because there is an inconcsistency of results, with numerous rises and falls in the temperature.


answer:
The key ideas include the affects of oceanic absorption and water effects on the amount of atmospheric carbon dioxide, which increases and decreases the overall temperature.


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The degree of water feedback affects the temperature, it changes but there is no obvious pattern.


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We cannot determine if the relationship is linear or non-linear as we do not have the graph of the water feedback to compare the graph of temperature with.


answer:
The main differences between the two models is that one model has turtles dressed as trees and fire while the other is about climate and water feedback. 
 
A simililarity between the two models


answer:
When albedo is on and the water feedback is on lowest temperature is -3 and the highest temperature is 14.
 
When albedo is on water feedback is off, the lowest temperature is 3 and the highest temperature is 11.
 
Therefore when water feedback is on, the temperature range is larger than when it is off.
 

 
The water-effect causes the temperature to go higher.


answer:
Non-linear as they don't increase or decrease at a certain rate.


answer:
DIFFERENCES
 
-One is about fire, and one is about climate and temperature.
 
-One model is linear, while the other one is not
 

 
SIMILARITIES
 
-Both models are related to issues about the environment and climate change


answer:
The temperature of the system still increases. The water feedback alters the levels of albedo and how much light is reflected off. The higher the water feedback, the more heat is trapped by the albedo and vice versa.


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Non-linear, because the line fluctuates.


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The model shows us the effect of water, albedo and sun brightness on the temperature of the ocean.


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We couldn't find a relation between the temperature and the water feedback when the albedo was on. The temperature dropped and spiked in a seemingly random way.


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To show the relationship between the water effect and the global temperature.


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The temperature is more stable when albedo is off and less stabe when its on.


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Non-linear because the temperature does not go up and down regularly.


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The amount of water in the ocean evaporating affecting the temperture.


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The degree of water feedback makes it drop and then vary a lot.


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Non-linear as there isn't much of a linear pattern and it fluacuates widely. 
 
 
 
However, it still increases the temperature after a delay.


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Water in the atmosphere, contributes to the greenhouse effect. The albedo, however, delays the temperature increase.


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The lower the water feedback the lower the temperature. When the water feedback rises, so does the temperature.


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Linear, as the temperature changes generally with the water feedback.


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One model is linear, one is not, while they both have trees.


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Increasing the water feedback causes the temperature to go up however, nothing else changes.


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Similarity: both are in a closed environment


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Albedo feedback makes the linear relationship between the degree of water feedback and the temperature more regular and constant when increasing and decreasing.


answer:
The response of temperature to water feedback is linear


answer:
The key ideas about this model is to show the relationship between the degree of water feedback and the temperature and how albedo plays a role in this system.


answer:
The temperature increases dramatically in the combined effect of both Water feedback and burning of fossil fuels.


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It's initially in a state of equilibrium, which means that changing this state could possibly cause a tipping point.


answer:
In the fire model, after we reached a certain percentage of density the fire would definitely reach the other side of the screen.
 

 
Similarly in the climate model, if you increase the water-feedback to a certain level it will increase dramatically and not decrease back down again, it breaks the original 'equilibrium' pattern of going up and down.


answer:
It's like on a see-saw, at first if both people have a similar mass then it will balance.  But if one side suddenly increases to a much higher mass then they will drop and tip the balance.


answer:
1. When the water effect is higher and the albedo feedback is on, the higher the temperature rises.


answer:
No. the relationship is not linear. the temperature remains steady untill the water feedback reaches a certain point, then the temperature drops rapidly.


answer:
Both models display systems that rely on relationships which are not linear but rather have 'tipping points'. they are different because one of them is about bushfres and the other one is about climate.


answer:
Increase in fossil fuel usage and the water effect results in an increase of temperature.


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Yes, in some circumstances when the inputs have an effect on the outputs, the temperature rises without reaching an equilibrium.


answer:
The concept of the tipping point applies to the climate model. When the temperature increases, so does the water vapour in the atmosphere. Since water vapour is a greenhouse gas, the temperature increases beause of it, thus increasing the water vapour again. This creates a cycle in which the temperature keeps on rising.


answer:
Tipping pint is when feedback loops contribute to the consistant rising of temperature without reaching a dynamic equilibrium. As the fossil fuel use increases, it increases the carbon in the atmosphere which traps light and warms up the surface. This increase in temperature melts the ice on top of the ocean which originally reflected heat back into the atmosphere. This results in the heating of the earths oceans and increases the temperature even more.


answer:
when the albedo is turned on, the temperature ranges from high to low whereas with no albedo the temperature is around the lower temperatures.


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non linear because it is on drugs and is crazy becuase it snorted unicorn snot.


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They are really similar because they were both non linear and depended on something.


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The combined effect of Albedo and Water feedback makes it increase for longer and increase to a higher temperature.


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No, no matter how much or how long the temperature increases by, it will always come to an equlibrium.


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A tipping point applies to the Climate Model with Water feedback as each effect contibutes to another.


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The tipping point is when it keeps going up with delays.


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The increase of the water effect makes the water spew out less carbon into the atmosphere and so this makes the temperature go up as the radiation is being trapped in the water and continues into the atmosphere making more clouds to trap the carbon dioxide in.


answer:
non-linear as the cycle is a closed system.


answer:
The Fire model is an open system whereas the Climate model with Water Feedback is a closed system.
 
The Fire model also has a linear relationship though this one has a non-linear relationship.


answer:
the temperature increases causing the albedo effect to decrease where as if the temperature decreases the albedo effect incresases causing a decrease in temperature making the earth          unlivable for people.


answer:
positive feedback. The feedback incrases the temperature with the water effect.


answer:
Both are involved with feedbacks and are results of a single influence-dynamic equilibrium.
 

 
The fire's model depended on the density and had negative feedback where as the carbon model with the water feedback had positive feedback.


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The carbon dioxide level increases however the temperature basically stays the same temperature.


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Unless the settings are dramatically changed, nothing appears to be unstable with the system.


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IT shows there is a limit to all things. Like there is only certain point where th temperature could only rise too.


answer:
The combined effect of Albedo and Water feedback affect the systems response to fossil fuel by quickening the response. This is due to the increased in heat storage and absorption caused by the albdo and water feedback as well as the fossil fuel usage.


answer:
Yes, there are circumstances where the system is not stable and displays a tipping point. The increased albedo and water feedback, along with the fossil fuel as the system cannot cope with so much heat and CO2.


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The concept of a tipping point applies to this climate model with water feedback as the water feedback in this model contributes to the creation of the tipping point.


answer:
A tipping point is when a negative system is imbalanced and the input and output are balanced and is almost overwhelmed. It is when the input and the output are not in balance to each other. For exampl,e for the longest time, the Earth's greenhouse effect has been in balance, and has been, thus, a negative system. However, due to the addition of extra greenhouse gases to the atmosphere by humans, the system is no longer in balance, adn is thus a positive system. Thus the Earth is currently experiencing a Tipping Point.


answer:
Although it is flucuating, it gradually goes up.


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Yes, when the albedo effect is not as high, it affects.


answer:
The density of the forest creates a faster and wider spreading fire in the first model.


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The concept Tipping Point is a point in a model or cycle where something changes drastically.


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the co2 levels and the temperature of the system increase rapidly


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the temperature keeps increasing until 110 degrees where it remains stable


answer:
the temperature only goes as high as 110 degrees before it flatlines and stays around the same temperature


answer:
a tipping point is when the system reaches a certain temperature and can't get higher than that


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Carbon dioxide and carbon in the ocean is going up. There isnt too much change in temperature yet.


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No. There has been no event of the system reaching a certain high point then immediately falls rapidly again.


answer:
The temperature goes extremely high when the water effect goes up.


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When something is taken excessively, something else will rise rapidly. The more coffee you drink, the more alert you are.


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It is like hitting a docial bull until it turns violant or It is like haing an ice cube in a cup of water which you poke enough will make it turn in a circle.


answer:
When fossil fuel use is at a mazimum and albedo is on the temperature is stable (but very very high). We couldnt find a tipping point.


answer:
When a tipping point is reached, there is nothing we can do or change to bring back stability to the system.


answer:
A tipping point is when the temperature rapidly changes and cannot be reversed. E.g. a train when it gains momentum and cannot stop (for a while at least).


answer:
we dont have the macbook its camera went funny so we canT do anythng


answer:
The combined effect of albedo and water feedbackdo not link to fossil fuel usage, however the temperatures do rise, meaning that fossil fuel usage would have to be controlled because if more C02 were to be released into the atmosphere as a result of fossil fuel usage, the temperature would be even hotter than it already has become after the effect of albedo and water feedback.


answer:
yes, the range of levels in the circumstances go higher for a while, then go lower again, because the tipping point is reached quite a few times.


answer:
When the levels of temperature reach a certain point, the range of temperature levels change. This is because the temperature has reached a certain tipping point, caused by the water feedback.


answer:
A tipping point is a point that is reached that causes the circumstances or levels to change. For example, if a bottle was about to tip over but it kept rocking back and forth before tipping over, there would be a certain point that it would reach before tipping over completely. This point that is reached would be the 'tipping point'.


answer:
The temperature rises and the CO2 increases with the albedo and water feedback off. The combined effect of Albedo and Water feedback causes the temperature to rise slightly and the co2 of the oceans and air increase.


answer:
When the fossil fuel, Sun brightnes and C02 at the start was increased to its maxiumum and cloud cover was decreased to the minimun the system became unstable.


answer:
When variations of the equlibrium are changed in a way that greatly increases or decreases the temperature, the environment cannot remain stable and just continues to rise continuously.


answer:
A tipping point is when a variable gets so high to its maximum that the environment cannot remain as a stable equilibriu. An example of a tipping point is when you eat too much and you cannot eat anymore.


answer:
The combined effects of Albedo and Water feedback affects the systems in response to fossil fuel usage, because the sheep and trees start dying. The temperature and carbon dioxide levels are rising at a slower rate.


answer:
Yes, when the water feedback is high, and there is a high usage of fossil fuel, the temperature rises to a dangerous level- around 100 degrees celcius.


answer:
The concept of a tipping point applies to the climate model with water feedback because the temperature is rising, and all the variables are changing in these systems.


answer:
The concept of a tipping point is when the positive system takes over the negative system, making the entire system unbalanced. One example that illustrates this includes the world's greenhouse effect.


answer:
The effect of both the albedo and the water feedback affect the systems response to fossil fuel usage by increasing during the


answer:
There are circumstances where the system is not stable. It seems as if the temperature is jagged at random and does know show a definite tipping point.


answer:
In the first model we see a tipping point in how the fire spreads, randomly until the forest is dense enough and then it sweeps over the land in uniform. In the second model the tipping point is changed by the water feedback affect.


answer:
A tipping point is just a point at which something starts to remain the same, for example when you have to stay up late you tend to get more and more tired until you reach a point where it is physically impossible to be anymore tired and you reach a state of concertration and calm which is quite discerning.


answer:
More water-effect = higher temperature since water vapour is a greenhouse gas.
 
More albedo effect = lower temperature as more heat is reflected as opposed to absorbed.
 

 
the temperature drops when albedo is turned on. However the temperature rises dramatically when fossil fuels are added. It is a human impact not natural so the factors cannot adapt. they didn't know we would burn up the remains of animals and plants and burn it causing changes. The carbon cycle is closed so what's there is there. Fossil fuels cause the temperature to rise so drastically as it is more carbon added to the atmosphere increasing the greenhouse effect.


answer:
whenever fossil fuels are added there is a point of no return as it would take millions of years for it to be removed again. Any addition of fossil fuel usage is a tipping point since the temperature increases dramatically even at 1 GtC/year.


answer:
The systems are stable until they reach a certain point or criteria, where there is a huge change - tipping point. When fossil fuels were added in it increased temperature and when forest density reached a certain percentage (59%) the fire spread increased more than 10x.


answer:
Whenever it reaches a certain criteria, there is a dramatic change. it cannot be reversed because you can't return to the situation before the tipping point. The tipping point makes things become permanent because *analogy* something has fallen off a cliff and can't fly back up.


answer:
A large amount of carbon dioxide is emitted into the atmosphere, making the co2 in the atmosphere to consistently increase, while the temperature gradually decreases. The carbon dioxide in the ocean increases as well, but is not in parallel with the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. It is much slower. Also, the albedo is very feint, because the temperature is extremely low but the carbon dioxide is high.


answer:
It may occur when albedo, water effect and fossil fuel use are all set to its highest. The input, which is the fossil fuel use and water effect causes the temperature to rise. The albedo is supposed to make the temperature to decrease, but because the high temperature from the input causes the albedo to melt, the albedo is not making the temperature to decrease, causing a tipping point and therefore a positive system, where there is an imbalance between the input and output.


answer:
The input, which are the water effect and the fossil fuel use are set to its maximum, the temperature goes up, which causes the output, which is the albedo to melt and therefore is not set to its maximum. This causes the temperature to rise, when normally it is supposed to decrease. Therefore, there is a positive feedback, as the input and output are not equal. This creates a tipping point.


answer:
A tipping point is when there is a positive system, which is caused when the input and output are not equal, because the output adds to the input, instead of being normally consistent and balanced. There is an imbalance towards the input, causing the tipping point.


answer:
albedo and water feedback affect the fossil fuel usage because when the water and albedo effect is turned up then the fossil fuel usage is also turned up as a result.


answer:
there doesnt seem to be a tipping pount but tbh we only have like 5mins of class left and we cant be bothered figure out if there is one ;)


answer:
in the forest fire there is the a tipping piont where the fire just goes straight through the forest pretty much demolishing everything in its path


answer:
a tipping point is when he fire is too hot and it whips through the forest and you cant go back on it


answer:
The temperature and the amount of atmospheric carbdon dioxide dramatically increases when water affects increases. The amount of carbon dioxide in the ocean atmosphere is also increasing.


answer:
No, there is not tipping point. This is because the temperature inconsistently rises and falls throughout the results, and does not display an evidence of an excessive amount of heat in the temperature.


answer:
A tipping point is when the results of the temperature meet a maximum or minimum amount and displays a sudden rise or fall.


answer:
The fossil fuel usage goes up because there is more water vapour in the air and the albedo reflects the light and trapping the heat in the ocean.


answer:
It can be seen that the higher the water feedback the quicker the temperature rises. This connection can be detected especially when the albedo feedack is on. The temperature rises significantly therefore it is difficult to overlook the connection in the different factors.


answer:
The response of the temperature to water feedack is not linear, much the same as the forest fire model. this model behaves in a particular way until the tipping point, where it then takes on a different pattern of behaviour.


answer:
Both of the models have a tipping point which is a similiarity in both the models. The climate change model is again a closed system whereas the other fire model is an open system, and the climate model is a closed system.


answer:
The combined effect of Albedo and Water feedback affects the systems response to fossil fuel usage in that when the pair effect rises, the fossil fuel usage has a bigger impact. More CO2 is made by the reaction of the combined effect and the release of carbon.


answer:
I think when water feedback is increased to the maximum level, that is when the tipping point occurs. This is because the temperature does not decrease anymore, and continues to increase at a steady rate


answer:
In the first model, the tipping point is when the density of the forest reaches a percentage of around 60-65%. When this tipping point is reached, the fire travels fast and throughout the entirety of the forest.
 
In the second model, when the water effect is increased to the maximum level, the temperatre does not decrease anymore, and continues to increase at a fast and steady rate.


answer:
The combined effect of Albedo and Water feedback causes the CO2 to go higher, and after a while, the c-oceans follows, but at a much slower rate.


answer:
Yes, if the fossil fuel usage is at 20 GC/year, the system is not stable and displays a tipping point, not allowing the CO2 levels to drop.


answer:
In the fire model, the tipping point occurs when the fire starts burning through most or all of the forest without stopping.
 
The climate change model shows that the tipping point occurs when the carbon keeps rising without dropping.


answer:
Higher water feedback and albedo effects increases the temperature with the fossil fuels. The increse in temperature makes the earth unlivable for all plants and animals and there is a decrease in population.


answer:
there is the initial stage of he process in reaching a stablised point where it conitinues safely.
 
However the initial stage is very unstable.


answer:
The tipping point depends on the circumstances where things are placed randomnly in the model.


answer:
The tipping point is where the model results are turned around in where increasing results may suddenly become decreasing results.


answer:
higher the water feedback and albedo effect, combined with the fossil fuel usage, the higher the temperature goes. there isnt a point where it drops, it only comes up. 
 
vice versa.


answer:
the difference between a constant change to the point of no return


answer:
The combined effect of Albedo and Water feedback changes the systems response to fossil fuel usage. When there is greater fossil fuel usage, the temperature fluctuates a lot more.


answer:
When the fossil fuel usage reaches 20GtC per year, the system loses stability thus displaying a tipping point.


answer:
In the fire model- the fire spreads continuously
 
In the climate model- the carbon levels continuously rise


answer:
Tipping point is when there is a point of no return.


answer:
THe Albedo affect and the water affects the system because it responsed to the fossil fuel usage.


answer:
They are generally stable, if there was a medium.


answer:
Tipping point applies when there is a peak to the graph


answer:
Tipping point is when the peak falls to the low


answer:
In the first model there was a tipping point at 59% forest density; before that, the fire had little chance of reaching the right hand side, while after it was almost certain it would reach the other side.


answer:
The combined effect of Albedo and Water feedback affects the systems response to fossil fuel usage as the temperature continues to increase without ceasing and there is no tipping point.


answer:
Yes when there is no albedo and degree of water feedback, the system is not stable and displays a tipping point, so when the temperature continues to increase, it reaches a certain point which is the tipping point where the temperature cannot go any further.


answer:
The concept of a tipping point applies to the Climate Model with Water Feedback because the amount of fossil fuels combined with albedo and the degree of water feedback is what triggers the tipping point.


answer:
A Tipping Point is a point where the temperature reaches and is the limit and the temperature starts to decrease and


answer:
The combined effect of albedo and water feedback causes the level of carbon to go up significantly, however the increase in temperature meets an equillibrium at an earlier point.


answer:
When the water effect or fossil fuel is changed significantly the system meets a


answer:
The more dense the forest, the easier it is for the fire to spread. The fire also spreads far more quickly when the forest is very dense.


answer:
It is linear because the more trees/plants there are, the more burns--the two are directly correlated, so if we were to graph the response of the fire, it would probably be linear.


answer:
The more dense the forest, the faster and the wider the fire spreads.


answer:
non linear as the spread of the fire moves in multiple directions and does not follow a straight line, instead it goes whichever way they want to.


answer:
The denser the forest, the easier it is for the fire to burn, and the more percentage it will burn. The fire's chance of reaching the right edge of teh forest depends on the density of the trees.


answer:
It is linear. There is a clear trend - the higher the density, the more percentage of burnt trees.


answer:
The denser the forest cover is, the faster the fires spreads through the forest. The lesser the density of the forest cover is, the slower the fire spreads, if at all. This is becase the fire must have trees along its path in order to advance, so when there are no trees in the fire's path in any direction, the fre stops.


answer:
It is non linear because the the fire does not spread at a steady rate according to the forest density.


answer:
The larger the density cover the further the fire burns through the forest
 
this may be beacuse the more the trees there are the more fuel there is for the fire to keep on burning


answer:
Yes it is linear because there is a relationship between the forest density and percentage burned. The larger the forest density the more trees are burned


answer:
The density of forest cover affects the progress of the fire through the forest as the more dense the forest is, the more chance there is of the fire burning more of the area and makes it almost impossible for any trees to survive. In bushfires, trees, leaves and bark are the main 'fuel' for the fire. This means that if the trees are more dense, then there would be more fuel for the fire to burn on, making the fire last longer and in turn cover more area of trees to burn.


answer:
Non-linear, as there is an irregular pattern made by the fire as it spreads. The same density of trees were burnt repeatedly, but they did not burn the same way as the previous time. The fire might spread differently as it is never constant and also the positioning of the trees are also different every ttime, even if the density is the same.


answer:
The denser the forest cover the faster the fire progresses through it. Because there are more plants and shrubs to make the forest denser, it acts a fuel for the fire to spread easily. when the forest density is lower there are less plants to fuel the fire therefore allowing the fire to travel less.


answer:
the response of the fire to cover density is linear, because it shows a corresponding relationship between the density of the forest and the and the area burnt by fire.


answer:
The denser the forest, the more mobile the fire is. As the fire cannot cross unwooded spaces, as there is no medium for the fire to travel across. When a fire confronts an unwooded area, it spreads across and around it, leaping onto the trees surrounding the barren area. When the forest is denser, unwooded spaces become sparse, and therefore the fire can travel with ease.


answer:
The fire is non linear, as there is a presence of a non-linear threshhold and lack of critical parameter in the system. The system is a feedback process.


answer:
the densityof forest cover affects the progress of fire through the forest because, the more dense the forest, the further the fire spreads, but the less dense the forest, the less it burns.
 
there are more trees, so then the fire can jump to the next tree if the forest is dense
 
when the forest isn't so dense, the fire jumps to the closest tree and then eventually burns itself out


answer:
the response of the fire to cover density is non-linear. this is becuase the fire is not garunteed to spread in a certain shape, and everytime you start the stimulation, the fire does not burn the same place/area
 
however, when the density is at zero, is is certain that the fire will not spread at all, becuase there are no trees, just like when the density is 70 or above, the fire will definitely spread to the other side


answer:
The higher the density of the forest, the faster the fire spreads. The lower the density, the slower it spreads.


answer:
The fire's chance of reaching hte right edge of the forest critically depends on the density of the forest.The denser the forest, the quicker and easier it is for the fire to reach the other side. The lower the density, the harder it is for the fire to spread.


answer:
The response is not linear for example, at 40% density, only 0.9% of the forset is burnt whereas at 80% density, 99.7% of the forest is burnt. As you can see, the relationship between the two is not linear.


answer:
The more dense the forest is, the easier it is for fire to spread. This is because the closer the trees are together, the easier it is for the fire to spread from one to another, often because the leaves and branches of each tree overlap. Also, fire has more fuel to burn (oxygen) when there are more trees, in contrast to when there are only a few trees involved.


answer:
More frequently, the fire that burns through the trees is non-linear, as the shape and path that burns is randomised depending on the spreading of trees. If the density of the trees is higher, the fire has a better chance of spreading all the way to the other side, therefore creating a more linear response. This, however, does not mean that a non-linear response of the fire cannot reach the other side, it just means that a linear pattern is more likely to spread more regularly.


answer:
The percentage of the forest burnt depends on the density of the forest. The higher the density, the faster and more forest is burnt. This is because fire will spread more if there is more material to burn (in this case, trees).


answer:
THe fire burns in a linear pattern as the density of the trees increase. Because more trees are packed together, the fire will burn straight ahead. If the trees are sparse, the fire will jump from plant to plant, tree to tree to find something to burn, creating a non-linear pattern.


answer:
A higher forest density means that the fire spreads easily and has a wider area of damage. This is because the leaves are close which lets the fire jump from tree to tree easily and spread the fire. If the density of the forest is the opposite, then the effect is the opposite as well. Meaning, the fire will not spread easily because there aren't many trees around for the fire to move to.
 
This model only works like this because there is no wind in this model, if there were then the embers would travel with the wind and jump far distances, spreading the fire to place even if they were kilometers away.


answer:
It is non-linear since the fire can move in any direction depending on whether a tree is close by or not. Even if one front of the fire burns out, another on the other side of the area can spread and continue from where the front burnt off.


answer:
the temperature is less constant and ranges mroe and the temperature average is higher.


answer:
the response to fire and the response of temperature to water is non linear. 
 
if you change one part of the diagram then it affects all te other parts.


answer:
Increasing the water-effect causes the temperature of the system to rise when the Albedo feedback is on.


answer:
It is non-linear beacuse there is no clear relationship between the temperature and water feedback.


answer:
In the fire model the density of the forest affected the percentage burned, likewise in the climate model the water-effect does affect the temperature. the differnce os though that the fire one is linear and the climate one is non-linear.


answer:
When the albedo feedback was turned on, the temperature became unconstant, this could possibly be due to the fact that the albedo is constantly in the process of reflecting and absorbing the heat from the sun.


answer:
It is non-linear, because it is unconstant.


answer:
They both show feedback, however the results were different in the way that the first model showed an emerging pattern in the relationship between the density of the forest and the amount of area burnt; while in the second pattern still showed that the temperature was pretty unconstant despite turning on the albedo feedback.


